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// 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 
AND ITS PEOPLE 



BY 
CHARLES NUT T, A. B. 



Former Editor and Publisher of Thk Worcester Spy: 
Author of "The Puffer Geuealogy"; "History of the 
First Regiment of Heavy Artillery, Massachusetts Vol- 
unteers'"; " History of the Crompton & Knowles Loom 
Works": and various Biographical and Historical Works 




ILLUSTRATED 



VOLUME I. 



LEWIS HISTORICAL PUBLISHINX. COMPANY 
NEW YORK CITY 
1919 



FAIR WORCESTER 

By Rev. C. F. Hill Crathern 



Fair Worcester, thy name and thy glory we sing. 

As we crown thee, the Queen of the years, 
Our love and allegiance wc gratefully bring 

For with thee are our hopes and our fears. 
O! "Heart of the Commonwealth," tender and strong, 

As it throbs with the passion of life. 
For thy peace and prosperity ever we long, 

And the end of all discord and strife. 

We remember with pride how our fathers of old. 

Saw the star of hope shining on high, 
How they followed the gleam of its silver and gold, 

As it shone and illumined the sky ; 
With the plow and the ax, with a courage divine, 

They wrested their bread from the sod. 
They laid their foundations, with plummet and line. 

As they builded the City of God. 

Through the forests primeval they walked in the light 

Of a faith that was noble and grand. 
'Neath the roof of the stars by their watch fires at night, 

They dreamed of the long Promised Land ; 
From the scenes of their youth and their childhood so dear, 

In the pioneer days of the state. 
They turned to the hills with a song and cheer. 

And their hearts all aflame and elate. 

In the church and the school, in the home of our birth. 

We will honor their zeal and their love, 
We will treasure their names at the altar and hearth, 

While they rest from their labors above; 
O ! valleys and hills where their footsteps once trod, 

Shout aloud your glad triumphs, nor cease, 
Where the wilderness stood blooms the Garden of God. 

With the .Angels of love and of peace. 

May the future be bright as the glorious past, 

And our sons be as great as our sires ; 
May Righteousness, Justice and Truth ever last, 

To inspire and control our desires ; 
May the Stars and the Stripes ever wave o'er our land, 

And our watchword "Prosperity" be. 
May "Obedience to Law" with true liberty stand 

For "Fair Worcester," the home of the free. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Page 
Chapter I — The First Settlement. — Quinsigamond, 1(!;4-1GT.J. . . . 1 

Chapter II — Worcester. — The .Second Settlement 11 

Chapter III — Third and Permanent Settlement. — The \'illage in 

11 18. — Incorporation of the Town "-^1 

Chapter 1\' — The Scotch-Irish Settlers ST 

Chapter V — \'oters of 1T79. — Census. — Old Houses. — Census of 

1 7110.— Homes of the Early Settlers 30 

Chapter \T — Early Settlers. — Their Ancestry and Descendants.. 43 

Chapter \TI — The Irish Immigration -Tl 

Cha])ter \TII — French and French-Canadians 311 

Chajjter IX — English. — The Finns. — Germans. — Greeks 3"iT 

Chai)ter X — The Italians. — The Jews. — Poles and Lithuanians. — 

Norwegians. — Scotch 33!) 

Chapter XI — The Swedes. — The Syrians. — The Welsh 351 

Chapter XII — The Xegroes '■'''''■^ 

Chapter XIII — The Town and County Government. — The Town 
of Worcester. 1T22-1848. — The Town of Holden. — The 
South Parish, the Town of Ward (Auburn). — The County 
Seat, or Shire Town. — Courts of the County. — County Com- 
missioners. — Executions. — County Buildings in Worcester. 
— The Third Court House. — The Stone Court House. — Cen- 
tennial Anniversary of the County. — The Present Court 
House. — ^Movement to Divide the County. — County Jails. — 
Sherififs of the County. — Clerks of the Court. — County and 
District Attorneys (since 1180). — County Treasurers. — 
Registers of Deeds of the County. — Judges of Probate. — 
Registers of Probate. — County Commissioners. — Physicial 

Geography 375 

Chapter XI\'— The City Government— 1848-191 7 395 

Chapter X\' — The Fire Department -HI 

Cha])ter X\T— The Health Department -ISo 

Chapter X\ II — Parks and Playgrounds -137 

Chapter X\TII — The Police. — Courts of Town and City 44'. 

Chapter XIX — Relief of the Poor. — The Home Farm. — Overseers 

of the Poor -i-j'^ 

Chapter XX — Sewer Department -11^3 

Chapter XXI — Streets and Street Lighting 465 

Chapter XXII — Water Supply 4^3 

Chapter XXIII— Town and City Halls.— Civil Memorials.— Bur- 
ial Grounds •i ' 6 

V 



CONTENTS 



Page 
Chapter .\XI\" — Worcester in the (leiieral Court. — State Sena- 
tors 485 

Chapter XX\' — Governors. — Senators. — I""ederal Officers t!io 

Chapter XX\'I — The Anti-Slavery Movement and Free Soil 
Party. — Republican Party. — Woman's .Suffrage. — Constitu- 
tional Conventions. — The Anti-.Slavery .Movement. — Free 
Soil Party Organized Here. — Birth of the Republican Party 
Here.— National Civic Federation. — \\'orcester Equal l-"ran- 
chise Club. — ^\'onlan's Suffrage League. — Constitutional 

Conventions 4li 1 

Chajiter XX\TI — Pitjuor Licenses and the Liquor Problem oO") 

Chapter XXX'HI— Population. — Wealth. — \"aluation. — Debt.— 

Taxes 509 

Chapter XXIX— King Philip's War oil 

Chajjter XXX — French and Indian Wars. — The Acadians .■)l;i 

Chapter XXXI — The Revolutionary War. — The County Conven- 
tion. — The Battle of Lexington. — Vote for Independence. — 
Declaration of Independence. — Lists of Revolutionar}- Sol- 
diers ^i-il 

Chapter XXXII — Shay's Rebellion. — The Ccnmty Conventions.. ')(>'i 
Chapter XXXIII — Threatened War with France. — War of 1815. — 

Mexican War.— Orr Riot 577 

Chapter XXXIV— The Civil War 581 

Chapter XXXV — The Spanish War (!37 

Chapter XXXVI — Early Military Organizations 03!» 

Chapter XXXVII — European War. — The First Worcester Sol- 
diers in France (i5;f 

Chapter XXX\TII — Military Memorials. — Col. Timothy Bige- 
low Monument. — The Soldiers" ^lonument. — Battle Flags. 
— The General Devens Statue. — Spanish War Memorials... ()(il 

Chapter XXXIX — Independence Day (j65 

Chapter XL — Armory. — Rifle Range G71 

Chapter XLI — Civil War Organizations 673 

Chapter XLII — Patriotic Societies 681 

Chapter XLIII — The First Schools. — Public and Private 687 

Chapter XLIV— The Public Schools.— The Public Schools in 1917 61)5 

Chapter XLV — The High Schools. — Trade Schools 7 1.'5 

Chapter XLVI — Academies. — Business Schools. — Domestic 

Science Schools.— Private Schools 731 

Chapter XLVII — Colleges and Institutes 741 

Chapter XLVIII — Entertainment Societies. — The Worcester Ly- 
ceum. — Worcester Natural History Society. — Mothers' 

Child Study Circle. — Public Education Association 757 

Chapter XLIX — Historical and Literary Societies. — Worcester 



CONTlNTS 



Page 

L'ouutv 1 1 isturical Socifty. — American Antiquarian Sucicty. 
— Worcester Society of Anticjuit)'. — Worcester liook (.'luli. 
— The Shakespeare t lub. — Fraternitx' of (_)<1(1 i-"eliu\\s. — 
Phrenological Society. — Worcester Art Society. — .\rt 

League. — .St. W'ulstan .Society TG.J 

Chapter L — The i^'ree Public Library. — The Worcester County 
Law Library. — Medical Librar\-. — Worcester County 
Athenaeum. — Military Librar_\- .Societw — Worcester .\rt 

]\Iuseuni. — Worcester .\rt Students LMub * Tit 

' hapter LI — Music and I )rania ■ <s; 

Chai>ter LIl — Longrt-gational Church TDT 

Chapter LIll — Baptist Church 8-.iT 

Chapter LI\' — Methodist Episcopal Church 8;j;t 

Chapter L\" — 'i"he Presbyterian Church 84T 

Chapter L\'I — Pr(.)testant Episcopal Church 851 

Chapter L\'1I — The Roman Catholic Church 8<;i 

Chapter L\TI1— ( »ther Churches 88:i 

Chapter LIX — Religious and Reform Associations 89") 

Chapter LX — Charitable and Benevolent Societies 005 

Cha|iter LX I— Hospitals i-HS 

Chapter LXII— Homes for the Old and .Afflicted !)•,'! 

Chapter LXHI — Masonic History 9"2T 

Chapter LXI\' — Odd Fellows. —Knights of Pythias.— Red Men. — 

Knights of Columbus 937 

Chajiter LX\' — Fraternal. P>enetit. and Social Orders 943 

Chapter LXVT — IMen's and Women's and Boys' and (iirls' Clubs. '.t4:T 

Chapter LX\TI— Country Clubs 963 

Chapter LXVHI— College Clubs 969 

Chapter LXIX — Public Service. — Post Olflce. — Stage Coach 

Lines. — The lllackstone Canal. — The E.xpress Business. . . . 9?T 
Chajiter LXX — Railroads. — Worcester Gaslight Company. — 
Worcester Electric Light Company. — The Telegraph. — The 

Telephone ^^^ 

Chapter LXXI — Xational Banks and Trust Companies 1005 

Chapter LXXH — Savings Banks. — Co-operative Banks. — Wor- 
cester Morris Plan Company 1015 

Chapter LXXHI — Lisurance Companies 10'.i3 

Chapter LX.XIV — Business .\ssociations. — Chamber of Com- 
merce ' ^''^ 

Chapter LXX V— Old Hotels 1039 

Chapter LXXVT — Occujiation Societies. — Bench and Bar. — 

Medical. — Other Societies 1045 

Chapter LXXVH — .Agriculture and Horticulture 1049 

Chapter LXX\ HI- Industrial and Labor Organizations 1057 



CONTENTS 



Page 

Chapter LXXIX— Iini.oi-tant Buildings 10(53 

Chapter LXXX — Industries and Manufactures 1067 

Chapter LXXXI— Mercantile Business 1081 

Chapter LXXXII— Merchants of the Olden Time 1097 

Chapter LXXXIII — Worcester Xewsjjapers and Other Journals 1107 
Chapter LXXXI\' — Amusements. — Baseball, Amateur and Pro- 
fessional 1119 

Chapter LXXX\' — Distinguished \'isitors 1125 




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CHAPTER I 
The First Settlement— Quinsigamond, 1674-1675 

Seven or more men from the older towns — \\'ol)urn, Sudlniry, Con- 
cord, Boston, Maiden, Cambridge, Watertown and Marlborough — set- 
tled here as earl}' as 167-i.' The record of ownership of land remains, but 
it is not known where the little village itself stood. The first house was 
erected by Daniel Gookin and his associates in IGl.'f, but it is not known 
who occupied it. On account of the conflict between Ephraim Curtis 
and the other jiroprietors, Curtis has been given the honor of being the 
first settler. In the edition of Hubl)ard's Narrative, published in 1677, 
there is a map to illustrate the events of King Philip's War, showing 
Quinsigamond. as the settlement was then called, among the jdaces 
assaulted by the Indians. In the work it is described as "a village called 
Quonsigamog, in the middle way between Marlborough and Ouabaog 
(Brookfield ), consisting of six or seven houses." 

In April, IGTo, the residents were Ephraim Curtis, who came from 
Sudbury; Thomas Hall from Woburn ; Simon Meyling from Sudbury; 
Phinehas Upham from Maiden ; Thomas Grover from Maiden ; Philip 
Atwood from Concord; Joseph Waight (Wait) from Marlborough; 
John Provender from Maiden, and possibly a few others of the proprie- 
tors. Judging from the custom of the pioneers, the houses were prob- 
ably built during the previous summer. The settlers of colonial days, 
when removing to a new location, usually spent at least one summer in 
building houses and barns and clearing land, returning for the winter to 
their old homes, and bringing their families, stock and household goods 
on ox-sleds early in spring before the snow was gone. These men were 
the advance guard of the thirty proprietors who had agreed to make 
their homes here. 

The grants of land were surveyed, lines and boundaries tixed by 
actual measurement by David Fiske of Cambridge and John Flint of 
Concord: the survey was confirmed and recorded in Ajjril, 167.J. The 
grantees thirty in number were : 

Philip Atwood of Concord, 50 acres. Richard Dana of Watertown, 50 acres. 

Joseph Bemis of Watertown, 25 acres. Gershom Eames of Framinghani, 25 acres. 

Joshua Bigelow of Watertown, 25 acres. John Fay of Marlborough, 50 acres . 
Samuel Brighain of Marlborough, 25 acres. Michael Flagg of Watertown, 25 acres. 
Thomas Brown of Sudbury, 50 acres. Daniel Gookin of Cambridge, 50 acres. 

Benjamin Crane of Sudbury, 50 acres. Samuel Gookin of Cambridge, 25 acres. 

Ephraim Curtis of Sudbury, 50 acres. Thomas Grover of Maiden, 25 acres. 

John Curtis of Sudbury, 44 acres. ' Thomas Hall of Woburn, 50 acres (two 
Jacob Dana of Watertown, 25 acres. lots). 

W.— I-i. 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Daniel Henchman of Boston, 25 acres. Thomas Prentice of Woburn, 50 acres. 

Dr. Leonard Hoar of Concord. 25 acres. John Provender of Maiden. 25 acres. 

Joel Jenkins of Maiden, 100 acres. John Shaw of Maiden, 25 acres. 

Sitnon Meyling of Sudbury, 80 acres (two William Taylor of Maiden, 25 acres. 

lots). Phinehas Upham of Maiden, 50 acres. 

Trial Xewbury of Woburn, 25 acres. Joseph Wait of Marlborough, 25 acres. 

John Paul of Maiden, 50 acres. Benjamin Webb of Marlborough, 50 acres. 

A forty-acre lot in the middle .squadron was set aside for the first 
minister. 

The township was divided into squadrons, and the settlers were 
located as follows : 

In the west squadron on the north side of the Country road: Eph- 
raini Curtis, the Gookins, Daniel Henchman. Hall, Hoar, Meyling. 

In the west squadron on the south side of the Country road: .\t- 
wood, Newbury, and Upham. 

In the middle squadron on the north side of the Country road : 
Brown, the Danas and Jenkins. 

In the middle squadron on the south side of the Country rtjad ; 
Crane, Hall, the ministerial lot. Prentice and Webb. 

In the eastern squadron lying next to the Country road to Boston: 
Brighani. John Curtis. Eames, Fay, Grover, Meyling. Paul, ,Shaw, and 
Provender, 

In the squadron on the Lancaster road : Bemis, Bigelow and I^'lagg. 

Other lots were granted, iiut the Indian purchase money not being 
paid, were not surveyed and laid out; viz: William Adams of Concord, 
25 acres; William Taylor of Maiden, •^o acres; Jonathan Tredway of 
Sudbury, 25 acres. 

The Country road mentioned in the descriptions of these lots was 
the highway from Boston to the western settlements. From Shrews- 
bury at the end of Lake Quinsigamond, it followed the course of the pres- 
ent road there, and ascending the hill west of the courthouse, but at that 
time was merely a path cut through the woods. 

The Old Indian Fort. — < )n this Country road south of the fording 
])lace at the lake, a garrison house was built to protect the first settlers 
from hostile Indians. It was doubtless of the uniform type of garrison 
house then built in the towns of the province ; (jf timbers hewn on the 
sides in contact with each other, firmly interlocked at the ends and fast- 
ened with hickory pins. There was one heavy plank door on the ground 
floor. The walls were perforated with narrow loop-holes, through 
which the defenders could fire n])on an attacking force. The second 
floor was reached by means of a ladder, which could l)e drawn up. if 
the lower floor were taken by the enemy. The upper floor projected 
on all sides over the lower. The roof was sometimes crowned with a 
sort of cui)ola or watch tower for ])ur])oses of observation, but more often 
the outlook was posted on the roof, which had a slight slant. These 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



garrison houses were- geiuTally quite strong enough to withstand the 
Indian attacks, if well garrisoned. 

Other Old Roads. — The Country road was not the first through 
the town. The (jld Nipniuck road ]jassed through the east part of North- 
borough over l\ock Hill, east of Chauncey Pond, through Westliorough 
and Grafton. There was no house (on the New Country road in 167-1: 
from Marlborough to Brookfield (Wor. Mag. ii. 152). The first house 
built on it was that of Col. James Eager at Northborough. 

The road to Lancaster, mentioned in the grants, was along nearly 
the route of the present old Boston road. 

In making the grants, it will he noticed, Ephraim Curtis, though 
not one of the iiroprietors, was allotted 50 acres in accordance with the 
order of the court, following litigation, which will be mentioned later. 
Upham's grant was made in consideration of his labor, travel and activ- 
ity in furthering, advancing and encouraging the settlement, and perhaps 
due credit has never been given Upham, who evidently was the manager 
of the settlement under the guidance of the committee in charge. 

The First Proprietors of Quinsigamond. — There were three original 
grants by the General Court in the vicinity of Quinsigamond: the first 
3200 acres to Increase Nowell of Charlestown, May (i, l(i57; the second, 
a thousand acres to the church at Maiden, May (>, 1(>()2, and the third, 
250 acres, to Ensign Thomas Noyes of Sudbury, CJctober li), lti(i4. 

The Nowell grant was bought by John and Josiah Hayiies of Sud- 
bury, Nathaniel Tredway of Watertown, and Thomas Noyes of Sud- 
bury, May IS, IfiCA. This grant was located on the east side of Lake 
Quinsigamond, and included two of the southern islands near the outlet- 
of the Nippnapp (P)lackstone) river. In response to the petition of the 
new owners, the General Court ajjpointed a committee, consisting of 
Capt. Daniel Gookin, Capt. Edward Johnson, Lieut. Joshua Fisher and 
Lieut. Thomas Noyes, to survey the place and determine if there be "a 
meet place for a plantation, that it may be impnned for that end, and not 
spoiled by granting of farms." 

A plantation was in those days a village too small for incoriioration 
as a town. Noyes died soon after, and the committee took no action. 

A similar committee, consisting of Gookin, Johnson, Samuel Andrew 
and Andrew Belcher, was appointed May 15, 1()()7, by the General Court, 
"to take an exact view, as soon as the}- convenientl\- can, to make true 
report whether the place be capable to make a village and what number 
of families they conceive may be there accommodated. And if tlie\ find 
it fit for habitation, then to offer some meet expedient how the same may 
be settled and improved for the public good." 

Committee Report. — It -was a year and a half before this second com- 
mittee made a report signed by Gookin, Johnson and Belcher, dated at 
Boston, October 20, 16(iS, recommending that the place be reserved for 
a town. Following is tlie report : 



HISTORV UF WORCESTER 



We have according to the Court's order bearing date 15th May, 1667, viewed the 
place therein mentioned, and find it to be about twelve miles westward from Marl- 
boro, near the road to Springfield, and that it contains a tract of very good chestnut 
tree land ; a large quantity : but the meadow we find not so much ; because a very con- 
siderable quantity of meadow and upland, about five thousand acres, is laid out unto 
particular persons, and confirmed by this Court, as we are informed, which falls with- 
in this tract of land; viz; to Ensign Noyes deceased and his brethren, three thousand 
two hundred acres: unto the church of Maiden, one thousand acres, unto others, five 
hundred acres, bought of Ensign Noyes; but, all this notwithstanding, we conceive 
there may be enough meadow for a small plantation, or town, of about thirty families : 
and if those farms be annexed to it, it may supply about sixty families. Therefore, 
we conceive it expedient, that the honored Court will be pleased to reserve it tor a 
town, being conveniently situated, and well watered with ponds and brooks, and lying 
Jiear midway between Boston and Springfield, about one day's journey from either: 
and, for the settling thereof we do offer unto the Court that which follows; viz: 

That there be a meet proportion of land granted and laid out for a town, in the 
best form that the place will bear, .about the contents of eight miles square: 

That a prudent and able committee be appointed and empowered to lay it out : to 
admit inhabitants, and order the affairs of the place, in forming the town, granting lots, 
and directing and ordering all matters of a prudential nature, until the place be set- 
tled with a sufficient number of inhabitants and persons of discretion, able to order the 
affairs thereof, in the judgment of the Court: 

That due care be taken by the said Committee, that a good Minister of God's word 
be placed there, as soon as may be : that such peojile as may be there planted may not 
live like lambs in a large place : 

That there be two or three hundred acres of land, with a proportion of meadow, 
in some convenient place, at the discretion of the Committee, reserved, and laid out 
for the Commonwealth ; and the Committee to have power and liberty to settle inhabi- 
tants thereupon, for lives or times, upon a small rent, to be paid after the first seven 
years. 

Daniel Gookin. 
Edward Johnson. 
Andrew Belcher. 

The General Court adopted the report and appointed the following- 
committee to carry into efifect its recommendations, viz : Capt. Daniel 
Gookin, Capt. Thomas Prentice, Daniel Henchman and Lieut. Richard 
Beers. 

Ephraim Curtis Claim. — The committee found itself embarrassed 
in laying out the new village, from the fact that Ephraim Curtis, who 
had acquired the Noyes grant, had laid out "230 acres of choice land 
with a considerable quantity of meadow lying in the heart of this place." 
The grant to the Maiden church had lapsed because no settlers had 
taken possession within the stipulated three years. The committee 
under date of May 27, 1669, petitioned the General Court to declare 
Curtis's title void, and to clear away other difficulties, in the following 
petition, viz : 

We the Committee of the General Court, whose names are subscribed, being ap- 
pointed and empowered to lay out, settle and manage a plantation, at or about Quan- 
sigamond pond, twelve miles beyond Marlborough, in the road way to Springfield and 



AXD JTS PEOPLE 



Haiiley. which place is very commodious lor tlic siluatioii of a town, llic better to 
unite and strengthen the inland iilantations, and, in all probability, will be advantageous 
for travellers, it falling near midway between Boston and Springfield, and about a 
day's journey from either: we, having lately been upon the place, to make an exact 
discovery and survey thereof, accompanied with sundry honest and able persons that 
are willing forthwith to settle themselves there ; but finding some obstructions in the 
work, which, unless this Court please to remove, and, we conceive, they may justly do 
it, the proceeding will be utterly hindered; and, therefore, we shall humbly offer them 
unto the honored Court, desiring help therein: 

I. We find, that, though the place contains a tract of good land, yet, it is much 
straitened for meadow. We cannot find above three hundred acres of meadow belong- 
ing to it, within several miles : but, there are swamps and other moist lands, that, in 
time, with labor and industry, may make meadow. 

J. We find, that there is a grant of one thousand acres to the ministry of Maiden, 
May the 7th. 1662, which grant is laid out in this place. This farm contains a choice 
tract of land, and swallows up about one hundred acres of the aforesaid meadow; but 
the condition of the grant, as the record will declare, is, that it be improved, within 
three years after the grant, for the ends wherefore it was granted ; but that being not 
done; for it is now above six years since, and no improvement made; we apprehend, 
the grant is void: but yet, if the Court please to renew it, in any other place, we speak 
not to oppose it: but if it be continued and confirmed in this place, it will utterly hinder 
the settling of a plantation here. 

3. There is another grant of land, unto Ensign Noyes, deceased, laid out in this 
place, containing two hundred fifty acres of choice land, with a considerable quantity 
of meadow, lying in the heart of this place; and by him was sold to one Ephraim Cur- 
tis, a young man living in Sudbury. We desire that the Court will please to make 
void this grant; being not laid out regularly for quantity or quality, as we conceive, 
and it will very much prejudice this town. The person concerned may have his land 
in another place, bordering upon this town, where there is sufficient to accommodate it, 
and also may have a lot in this town, if he desire it. 

4. Whereas, the Court, in their grant of this town, hath reserved two or three 
hundred acres of land, with a proportion of meadow, to be laid out for the Common- 
wealth ; if it please the Court, because of the straitness for meadow, to abate that res- 
ervation; so far as concerns meadow, it will greatly encourage the work. 

If the honored Court please to remove these obstructions, we hope it will not be 
long before this place be settled in a good way. for the honor of God and the public 
good. 

The Committee, in their journey, having discovered two other places beyond this 
to the westward, that will make two or three towns, the one place called Pamaquesset, 
lying upon the head of Chequabee River, the other place called Swquakeag, upon Con- 
necticut River, nearer to Boston than Hadley, we desire the Court will please to order 
that these places be reserved to make towns, the better to strengthen those inland parts, 
and the laying out of particular grants prohibited in the said places. 

Daniel Henchman. Daniel Gookin, 
Richard Beers. Thomas Prentice. 

The reservation to the public in the ineadow was released, but the 
petition, in relation to the private grants, was refused. 

The committee drafted plans for the settlement at a meeting in 
Cambridge, July G, 1669. The record of this meeting in the handwriting 
of Gookin has been preserved. It was proposed that the territory, 
including the present city and the towns of Holden and a large part 
of the present town of Auburn, should be divided into !»() twenty-five 



HISTORY OF IV ORG ESTER 



acre house lots, and in granting these, "respect should be had to the 
quality, estate, usefulness and other considerations of the person and 
family to whom the\' were granted ;" "that the most convenient place, 
nearest the middle of the town, should be set apart and improved for the 
placing of the meeting house, for the worship of God; a convenient 
lot of fifty acres for the tirst minister should be laid out as near it as 
might he; another lot in the next convenient place, not far from thence, 
for the ministry that should succeed in all future times; that twenty 
acres should be reserved near the centre for a training field and to build 
a school house upcm ; that a lot of <i5 acres should be appropriated for 
the maintenance of a school and schoolmaster, to remain for that use 
forever: and that "^oO acres should be for the use of the country." 

Provision was made for the equal apportionment of common charges 
u])on the proprietors of lots, for erecting mills, opening and repairing 
ways and for the equitable division of the remaining lands. 

Hut these original plans were not carried out, though they were of 
aid anil value to the subsequent managers of the plantation. 

Disposing of Curtis. — It was not until l(iT;3 that actual settlers were 
enlisted in sufficient number to warrant the making of a settlement. In 
the spring of 167;J. thirty house lots were laid out. But before ])ro- 
ceeding further, the committee in charge and the thirty men who had 
signified their intentions of accepting grants and becoming actual set- 
tlers sent another petition to the (jeneral Court to dispose of Curtis 
and his holdings here. Following is the im])ortant part of this petition; 

Xow. althcmgh we cannot grant that the said Curtis hath any legal right to debar 
our proceeding, yet, for peace sake, we have offered him a double share in the planta- 
tion, viz. two house lot.s, and accommodations to thein. which will, in the end, amount 
to much more land than he pretends unto ; but all offers he declines : Therefore, 

Our humble request unto the Court is, that you will be pleased to order, that the 
said Curtis may be sent for, and that both him, and your Committee, may be [exam- 
ined] either before some Committee of the Court, thereunto to report the matter, or by 
the whole Court: for the substance of the case will, as we conceive, turn upon this 
hinge ; whether an order of the General Court, dated in May, 1667, prohibiting the lay- 
ing out any particular grants in this place, in order to reserve it for a village, shall be 
of force and efiicacy to nullify the acceptance of a particular grant laid out in this place, 
as is pretended, a year after: namely, at a Court held Anno 1668; the untying of this 
knot, which none can do but the General Court, will resolve the matter of controversy 
one way or other ; so that this town will proceed or cease, and that your Coinmittee, 
and others concerned, may not be wrapt up in trouble and contention about this matter, 
whose scope and aim is, the public good, and that the good of many may be preferred 
before one. wherein we have no cause to doubt of this honored Court's favor and en- 
couragement. 

And so your. petitioners desire in all humility to pray, &c., for you. 
Phinehas Upham, Daniel Whittamore. Jona. Treadaway, 

Richard Dana, Palatiah Whittamore. Joseph Dana. 

John Damond. John Richards, Thomas Brown, 

Philip .\twood. Joseph Richards, William Hersy, 

Thomas Tewksbury, William Reed, Jno. Provender, 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



Symon Meylin, Samuel Lee. Edward Wildes. 

Lazarus Grover, Thomas Pratt, Jno. Wilder, 

Thomas Grover, Thomas Skinner, Theophilus Thornton, 

Stephen Grover, Henry .Swillaway, Thomas Thornton. 

Lyman Grover, John Starkey, 

Daniel Gookin, sen. Thomas Prentice. Kit'. Beers. 



D. Hench 



man. 



This petition broiight action, and alter the hearing l^etore tlie de])U- 
ties and magistrates the' order was issued June "i, 1()14, directing that 
Curtis have fifty acres laid out on the location he then occupied, and 
liberty also to take up 'i^M acres of land in the plantation, "[irovided it 
be near adjoining thereto." "to be in lieu of land formerly granted to 
John Norton." This ended the difficult)- between the projjrieturs and 
Curtis, but involved the latter in two lawsuits. 

In December, John Curtis sued Ephraim for the value of Wi) acres 
of land that Ephraim had sold to him l)Ut could not deliver, on account 
of the decision of the court, and eventually received a verdict of forty 
pounds and costs. Ejjhraim Curtis, on the other hand, sued Mrs. Mary 
Bacon (formerly the Widow Noyes) "for not making good the title of 
250 acres laid out to John Norton and sold to Ephraim Curtis" by her as 
executrix of her former husband. Thomas Noyes. Curtis also lost this 
suit. 

.■\mong the papers in the case of Curtis I's. liacon in the Middle- 
sex files the following letter was found : 

Ephraim Curtis : , 

I received your letter and perused the records about your claim of land beyond the 
old fort at Quinsigamond. 

I find that you have a deed from Widow Noyes of two parcels of land there- 
abouts, dated Anno. 1670. the one of 250 acres granted to Thomas Noyes. the other of 
250 acres granted to Mr. Norton and assigned first to Mr. John Payne and after to 
Mr. Noyes and by his widow sold to you as above. 

Again I find Mr. Norton had a grant of 250 acres in the year 1659. granted indefi- 
nitely, no place appointed, but you say that this farm was laid out and returned and 
confirmed to Noyes .-Xnno. 1665. There is no such thing upon record, nor was there 
any such thing returned until in the General Court, April 29, 1668, two years and more 
after Noyes his death, then that farm of 250 acres with a plat of it is returned and ac- 
cepted by the Court (this plan is in the State Archives). Indeed in said return it is 
said it was laid out .Ann. 1665 by Thomas Noyes, but as that was done without 
order of the Court for him to lay out his own grant and none else to supervise it; so 
it is the time of the return and acceptance which gives the grant right and (not?) 
men's pretences of laying it out antedates. [.-Xntedates said pretences of laying it out?] 

Now I hear you arc buitduui at that place. If it be so I think you are out of your 
way and will lose all your cost, for that land is granted for a township and is laid out 
into several lots, and we cannot admit your grant and return, for that of ours is a 
full year before yours, being from the General Court in May, 1667, and this you may 
credit for a certain truth, for I have both the orders by me, and in truth we cannot go 
on with the plantation until we have the land which is as clearly ours as my house is 
mine. 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



I 



And therefore, I advise you in friendship, to consider with yourself and not to 
proceed against reason and law. You may have that grant in another place that is free, 
for aught I know, but in that place you neither can nor shall have it, unless the law give 
it to you, which I conceive it cannot or will not. And as for your attempting to build 
upon it, etc., we arc beforehand with you. FOR WE BOTH MOWED HERE AND 
BUILT A SMALL HOUSE AND DIGGED IN THE GROUND A LITTLE BE- 
YOND THE BROOK BEFORE YOU. 

You know there is the public interest of a town that will plead against your 
claim, and there is TWENTY OR THIRTY PERSONS concerned in it, and the Gen- 
eral Court and all other courts will do us right, especially when a public interest is 
concerned, and not give you a particular person [meaning an individual] that land 
which you have no legal right unto before a committee that have a right to it. 

These things I have suggested to prevent your trouble and further charge, if you 
will make use of it and give of so; if not, know for a certainty that the committee 
and parties concerned will not lose their right there. So with my love to you, I remain, 

Your loving friend, 

Cambridge 8-8-1675. Daniel Gookin, Sen. 

Postscript. — Besides we have testimony that Thomas [Noyes] before his death 
• promised to lay down his right in that farm, in order to settle a plantation there. You 
can be no loser, for the two farms cost you but 43 pounds and one of them is worth 
[it?] Besides, you may have the grant in another place if you will. D. G. 

The letter, or rather the attested copy, bears the date as above, 
"1675," but it is certainly an error for 16T3, for it was used as evi- 
dence in the county court in April, 1675, and the original was used in 
the General Court in May, 1674. 

The Indian Title. — The claim of the Indians to the territory was 
satisfied in accordance with custom and law. A deed of eight miles 
square was executed with great formality, July i:?, 1674, by Solomon 
alias Woonaskochu, sagamore of Tatassit, and John, alias Hoorrawan- 
nonit, sagamore of Pakachoag. The first payment was two coats and 
four yards of trucking cloth, valued at 26 shillings. The total consid- 
eration was twelve jiounds. A verbatim copy of this deed has been 
published in the proceedings of the Society of Antiquity ("Abstracts, etc., 
1907, p. 80). The full consideration was discharged August 20, 1676, 
Gookin having advanced half the sum. The following Indians witnessed 
the deed: Onnomog, sagamore of Occonomessett (Marlborough); and 
last ruler of the tribe ; "a pious and discreet man and the very soul, 
as it were, of the town," who died in the fall of 1674: Numphow, saga- 
more of Wamesit (Tewksbury) ; Joseph Thatcher of Dudley, a teacher; 
Nossonowit of Pakachoag. 

The First Tavern. — The cotnmittee in charge of the ])lantation gave 
its approval to a license to Thomas Brown of Cainbridge, he "having 
built a house there," to keep an inn or ordinary in that place" and "to 
furnish travelers with wine and strong waters." The license was granted 
Deceinber 15, 1674. This is documentary proof that Brown had built 
his house in 1674 or earlier. 

Progress of the Plantation, 1674-6. — It was necessary for the 
grantees to settle within the specified time and live three years on their 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



farms to perfect their title. If all the sjjrantees took possession there 
should have been some thirty hcjuses erected in HiM-."), with a population 
of over a hundred. But in the summer of IGT."), King Philip's War put 
an end to the growth of the settlement. Ephraini Curtis was commis- 
sioned lieutenant, and distinguished himself in the War. (See Curtis 
in Early Settlers, in this work). Daniel Henchman, Capt. Daniel 
Gookin, Lieut. Richard Beers, of the founders, were among the leading 
military officers during the war. I'rohaMy all the ablebodied men saw- 
some service. 

(See Early Settlers and King Philip's War in this work; Wheeler's 
"Narrative of Rronkfield." ) 

The Houses Burned by Indians. — The settlers here abandoned their 
new homes and in most cases returned to their old homes early in the 
summer of IGT.j. Their houses were all burned, according to Rev. 
Increase Mather, December 2, 1675. 

Thus began and ended the first settlement in Worcester. 



CHAPTER U 

Worcester— the Second Settlement— 1683-1702 

Not all the frontier towns, destroyed in King Phiiiji's War after the 
inhabitants had taken refuge elsewhere, were rebuilt immediately. Com- 
mittees were apjiointed by the General Court to sui)e"rvise the resettle- 
ment of a nurnl)er of these towns. Lincoln says that some of the pro- 
prietors' committee earnestly endeavored to secure resettlement here 
after the war, and the records show that on Decemlier (i. 1<)7 7. a year 
after peace was declared, the right of Pannasunet, a sagamore, who had 
not signed the original Indian deed, was purchased of his heirs, Anthony 
of Wannashawakum, and wife Abigail, daughter of Pannasunet: Nanna- 
swane, the widow : Sasomet and wife Quassawake, sister, all described 
as natives and inhabitants, they and their ancestors of Quinsigamond." 
(See Proc. Sijc. Antiq. 11)07 ). 

The deed from Solomon and John tcj the committee, dated July 
13, 1G74. was not recorded until .\pril 9, Uis:? (Mdlx. Deeds 8-317). at 
the same time that the deed of .Anthony and .Abigail was recorded. 

John Wampos, (alias White) Nipmuck Sachem, then of Boston, 
mortgaged to John Warner, tobacconist, of Boston, 4,(M)0 acres at Lake 
■Quinsigamond. adjoining 4,000 acre plot of Benjamin Franklin and 
partly on the Connecticut highway. August Ki. 1(!77. 

John Wampos deeded to Benjamin Franklin, cooper, uf Boston, the 
4,000 acres at the north end of the Lake mentioned in the preceding 
deed, August 16. 1677, recorded August IS, l(i7 7. (Mdlx. D. 6-84), 

John Wampos on the same date as the preceding, deeds "for the 
kindness and maintenance I had and received from Nicholas Warner of 
Ratclife in the parish of .Stephney, alias Stebinheath in the county of Mid- 
dlesex, tobacco cutter, when a prisoner in or near London, as for the 
loan of several sums of money borrowed of the said Nicholas Warner 
without interest ; as for divers other good and valuable causes and con- 
siderations me hereunto moving," conveyed any land he had adjoining 
land of said Nicholas, or elsewhere in Quinsigamond, a thousand acres. 
Wampus paid anotlier debt on the same da\- in the same coin. "For 
and in consideration of the great love, tenderness and affection showed 
me by Anthony Mudd of Ratcliffe in the parish of Stepney, alias Steven- 
heath, in the county of Middlesex in old England, a house carpenter, 
while (I was) a prisoner in England; and in getting my freedom from 
and out of prison, as also for divers other good and valuable causes and 
considerations me hereunto especially moving." Dated December 19, 
1676; John Warner and William Robinson Sr. were witnesses; recorded 
December 15, 1677. 



12 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Wampos (lescril)es himself as of Asanamiscock (Grafton), now 
residing in London. Sachem, in a deed of land eight miles long and eight 
wide near Quinsiganiond, "now in the ])ossession or occupation of me" 
"in consideration of the sum of •'JO pounds to Edward Pratt of St. Paul, 
Shadwell Co., Midd. Eng : dated at London. July IL Km!). 

Evidently Wampos found the real estate Inisiness good in England 
and had gone thither. (^L D. 7-1.5:-tiO). 

The committee directed the planters to return to Quinsiganiond 
before the year 1(J8(), in an order dated 16T8, and "build together so as 
to defend themselves." But the terrors of the war were not forgotten, 
and the settlers at Quinsiganiond preferred the threatened forfeiture of 
their land to trying again to establish a town here. "There was no 
going," wrote the committee, "by any of them or hope that they would 
do so; for divers of them being iiiip(jrtuned to go. would not." Rut 
a meeting of the proprietors was held at Cambridge, \Larch 3, 16T8-9, 
attended by Gookin, Henchman and Prentice, of the committee, and Jen- 
kins, Richard Dana, Atwood, Brown, Paul. Graves, Fay, Hall, Skinner, 
Bemis, Tree, Flagg, John Upham, Taylor, \Vei:)b and Meyling. Several 
rights had been transferred by sale or inheritance in the meantime. At 
this meeting it was resolved to adopt the plan of Gookin and Henchman 
for a new village, and to plant themselves here again in the summer of 
1680. Following is the agreement then made: 

1. It is agreed by all the persons named in the inargen. that. God willing, they 
intend and purpose, if God spare life, and peace continue, to endeavor, either in their 

■ persons, or by their relations, or by their purses, to settle the said plantation sometime 
the next summer, come twelve month, which shall be in the year of our Lord i68o. 

2. They do engage to build in a way of a town, according to a model proposed by 
Major Gookin and Major Henchman, or some model equivalent thereunto, for the at- 
taining these six ends: 1st. security from the enemies in case (of alarm) : 2d. for the 
better convcnily of attending God's worship: 3d. for the better education of their chil- 
dren in society ; 4th. for the better accommodation of trades people : 5th. for better 
helps to civility: 6th. for more convenient help in case of sickness, fire or other cas- 
ualty. 

3. That the most convenient place is to be chosen and pitched upon to build the 
town, sometime this next summer, by the committee, or the major part of such of the 
people as go up to view the place, which is intended this ne.xt May. if God plea^.e. 

4. That after the place is chosen and pitched upon, others that are not present, do- 
engage to submit and settle there. 

Nothing came of this agreement at that time, however, and in 
r)ctober, UiSS. the committee received notice from the General Court 
that unless measures w-ere taken to form a plantation the grant would be 
declared forfeited. 

The efforts of the committee finally brought about the resettlement 
by the old proprietors. Capt. Henchman, evidently assured of support 
and doubtless accompanied by other proprietors or followed soon by 
those pledged to come, started for Quinsiganiond, Ajiril 'i'.\. I<i8;5. He 



JNI> ITS PEOPLE 



certainly did not set uut alone on such an enterprise. He and his asso- 
ciates came in the spring, and must tirst have erected their log houses, 
but no record has been fmmd of the number here in the summer of 
lliiS;i, nor of the houses erected. 

The survey by Samuel .Andrews of W'atertown, dated May Ki, ]G83, 
and presented .May :. l(i.S4. indicates that .Andrews and his assistants 
went with llenchnian in .\pril. Kis:!. however. 

In the Commonplace Hook of Samuel Sewall. owned by the Marl- 
borough Historical Society, Mrs. Harriette M. Forbes recentlv found this 
entry: "Apiril 23. Kitsa. Capt. Daniel Henchman set (jut fruiii Marl- 
boroutjh towards Ouinsickannnn with his Pack Horses in order to setting 
a plantation there." That others had resumed their ])laces here in 108:5 
is shown by an order of the Middlesex County Court, .\pril 1, Hisl, viz: 

Wliereas tlie Plantation of QuinsiKanioncl luilh s.'inc inhabitants already there 
and. it being at least ten miles front the nearest Englisli town, which is too far to 
travel upon the Sabbath Day to tlie wurshiii of God; and, forasmuch as the committee 
of the General Court for that place, viz; Maj. (jookin. esq.. Capt. Daniel Henchman and 
Capt. Thomas Prentice have applied themselves to this court, desiring that an order 
may pass this court, requiring the people there living to meet together on the Lord's 
Day to worship God. 

It is ordered by this court that the pei.iple of the place do constantly meet together 
on the Sabbath days to celelirate the worshiii of God in the best manner they can at 
present and until they do increase to such a number as that they may be capable to call 
and maintain a learned, pious and orthodo.v; minister, as they will answer their neglect 
at their peril. 

And Capt. Daniel Henchman is reipiested and authorized by this court to take 
special care to prevent the profanation of the Sabbath day by neglect hereof. 

Church attendance was compulsor_\- throughotit the pro\iiice. This 
order excused the Worcester [jlanters from taking a joiirncv of twenty 
miles each Suiidav to comply with the law. 

The Second Tavern. — At the same time this court licensed Nathaniel 
Henchman, a son of Ca[.)tain Daniel, to keep a house of entertainment for 
travelers at Quinsigamond, for a year, allowing him "to sell and furnish 
travelers or inhabitants with nun or other strong waters in bottles of 
a pint or quart but not to retail any in his house or sutfer ti[)i)ling there." 
The location of this tavern, the first of the second village, has been deter- 
mined by various investigators as on the present site of the Boston & 
Maine freight station. 

These two orders of the county cotirt attord proof that there was a 
considerable number of the planters here as earlv as the summer of 

1683, as otherwise it is unlikely that they could have established them- 
selves, built houses and become inhabitants as early as A])ril in tlie year 

1684, Such work would not ha\e been done in the winter. 

The settlers and proprietors entered into a formal agreement reg- 
ulating the resettlement, dated April '14. 1684, and recorded in the book 



14 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

of the proprietors. The inducements of the arrangement were stated 
to be "that the plantations might be secured : the first planters prevailed 
with to resettle; others encouraged to plant: ])ublic occasions provided 
for ; recompense made to those who have labored therein ; those rewarded 
that shall forward the place ; manufactures promoted ; the country 
advantaged : travellers accommodated ; and not any damnified that are 
concerned." The quantity of meadow being estimated at 480 acres,, 
it was proposed to divide the whole township into that number of lots: 
200 for the planters : 80 for public uses or specific appropriations : and 
the remaining 200 to be laid out on the northern extremity, forming a 
division, afterwards known as North Worcester, and subsequently ren- 
dered permanent by the incorporation of Holden. 

Among other arrangements for mutual safety and ])rovisions for 
social happiness, it was stipulated, that "land for a citadel should be laid 
out, on the Fort River, about half a mile square, for house lots, for those 
who should, at their first settling build and dwell thereon, and make 
it their certain place of abode for their families: to the end the inhabitants 
may settle in a way of defence, as enjoined by law, and formerly ordered 
by the committee for divers reasons, and eacli one so doing, to have 
a house lot there, at least six rods sqare." 

This citadel, or central station, was on the stream flowing by the 
present town, then called Fort River, from the ancient fortress which 
had been thrown U]) on its bank, soon after named Mill Brook, from 
the works mo\ed by its waters; and sometimes denominated Bimeleck. 
From references at a subsequent jieriod, it may be inferred, its northern 
line was parallel with the town way north of the Court House, and that 
it included the greater part of the village of Worcester. 

The contractors were required "to build two fire rooms in the citadel, 
to shelter such as shall come to settle, and travellers, until there be an 
ordinary": for accommodation of whom, it is said, "was one reason of 
granting the jdantation." 

Under the survey of Samuel Andrews, allowed and confirmed. May 
T, 1684, the new farms were laid out. On his plan the boundaries of the 
town were marked. The plantation was estimated to contain 4:3,020 
acres, an allowance of two per cent, being made for inaccuracy of meas- 
uring in the wilderness. 

The First Town Officers. — At the request of the committee, the 
General Court appointed William Weeks constable, and Thomas .\ther- 
ton, to inspect fences and order about swine, "and this order to direct 
affairs until by the law the said town or plantation be capable to choose 
town officers according to law." Both were new settlers. 

The only other town or i)lantation officer of the second settlement 
was a "town clerk," and the only known record of his service is found in 
Middlesex Deeds (\'-294) in an attestation relating to land of George 
Ri])ley, dated May 21, 1()88, as a "true copy out of the first book of records 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



kept for the tcjwn ul W'tjrcester hy me John Wing, clerk, chosen by the 
inhabitants tliere." There must have been a book other than the pro- 
prietors' records, as tliis record is not in thi- prnprietors' records. The 
town records and jin iprietors' records were usually kept separately. 

Name Changed to Worcester. — Ihe name of Worcester was selected 
by the committee and. on petition signed by Gookin, Prentice and 
Henchman "that their i)lantation at Quinsigamond l)c called Wor- 
cester," the General Court ordered the change .September 10. 1()84. For 
some reason not known the name of an Hnglish city was selected. 

Additional Proprietors. — Captain Jnhn Wing of ISoston, a member 
of the committee after the cleath of Lieut. Richard Beers, who was 
killed in King Philii)'s War, near Xorthfieid, September, Kil"), erected 
a corn mill and a saw mill ;i short distance aliove the bridge at the north 
end of Main street, near Lincoln .Scpiare. and also a house and barn in 
the vicinity. 

Some surveys were made in May. liis-i. A lot of 100 acres on the 
east side of Pakachoag Hill was laid out to Gookin and another lot of 80 
acres of Raccoon Plain \vas laid out at tliat time to Gookin in the pres- 
ence of Gookin. Cajjt. Henchman, Nathaniel Henchman, David Fiske 
(the surveyor). Digory .Sargent. Will (a mulatto), Christopher Reed and 
Benjamin Eaton. Ca])t. \\'ing received so acres in the vicinity of his 
mills on the west side of the l.irook. with the exclusive ])rivilege of the 
waters. 

George Danson, a baker of Boston, received vJOO acres on the same 
side of the stream north of the citadel, extending to North Pond. 

Thomas Hall was granted meadow land below the mills. 

The Wing-Danson Litigation. — George Danson was an old man when 
he came here, a baker of some means, a Quaker in religion. He brought 
suit against Capt. Wing, C)ctober 9, ](>.s."), for assault committed while 
he was laying out lands here, bought of Henchman, and for defamation 
of his title, at the same time he sued George Pike. Thomas Hall, Caleb 
Sawyer, Charles Williams and John Turner for the same assault, "driv- 
ing the ])laintitY and his sur\eyors and the persons employed by him 
from the said work." He lost both cases. Danson claimed the land 
between the North Pond and Wing's land on the south. 

The cases are of little importance, but the records and evidence 
has historic value, for they' supply material showing who were living 
here at the time. The witnesses were: David Fiske. Nathaniel Hench- 
man. Samuel Daniel, George i'ike, Thomas Hall, John Turner, Digory 
Sargent, Peter (Moulding, William Weeks, George Ripley. Signers of 
a petition favoring Wing's claim: William Weeks. Thomas .\therton, 
Isaac Bull, Isaac Tomlin, George Rosbrough, Tiiinnas Hall, Peter 
Goulding, Digory Sargent, William Pers (Pierce). Mathew Tomlin is 
also mentioned in the evidence. ( For copies of the original jiapers in 
these lawsuits, see Blake's "Early Settlements of Worcester," 1884). 



i6 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



The controversy between Danson and Wing over land titles became 
heated, and the settler? took sides. It was a case of strife between two 
of the most important men of the settlement. 

It appears that this land had been promised previous to March, 
1685, to Capt. Wing, by Capt. Henchman and that Henchman guaranteed 
that nobody should have land between Wing's land and North Pond, 
because of Wing's mills, which were unfinished at that time. It was 
shown that before Wing received his mill privilege and land grants. 
Henchman had refused a lot there to John Turner, because of his prom- 
ise to Wing. 

Henchman evidently acted for the committee, with plenary powers 
in granting land. William Weeks, in his evidence in the case against 
Wing, tells how Capt. Wing in February, 1683-4, selected the land at 
North Pond, after an unsatisfactory lot had been assigned him on Pros- 
pect Hill, and how Weeks himself failed to get a lot near North Pond, 
previously promised by Henchman, because it had been granted to 
Wing. 

In June, 1683, there was some opposition to the manner in which 
Henchman was granting lots, and Prentice and Winthrop of the com- 
mittee sent word "to signify unto this honorable county court and jury 
that we do dissent from and disallow of the largeness of the grant of land 
there unto George Danson and also of his having any land to be laid out 
there on the westerly side of the river betwixt Capt. Wing's house and 
house lot and North pond, and we have heard Capt. Henchman say he 
intended that land for Mr. Wing." 

Henchman made afifidavit on his deathbed "that he had' received 
of Mr. Danson five pounds ten shillings, for eleven lots in Worcester and 
nine lots which he bought of several persons and have delivered me the 
assignments of them, in all twenty lots. And he chose his planting lots 
to be laid out next Capt. Wing's planting lots, which land pitched upon 
by him, I have not disposed of to any other person or promised the same 
upon any other account whatever ; or was it in my power so to do. 
And the molestation given him by Capt. \\ ing is unjust." Hench- 
man died ten days later, October 15, 1685, at Worcester. 

The larger part of the inhabitants took sides with Capt. Wing, as 
shown b}- the following petition, dated December 14, 1685: 

We whose names are underwritten, being the greater number of the inhabitants 
now settled in the town of Worcester, having considered and been witness of the 
great expense that Mr. John W'ing has been at in buildini) his mills, which is much for 
our benefit, and convenient ( ) and of little profit to him, nor like to be yet 
awhiles ; also his helpfulness in our public concernments and furtherance of the set- 
tlement of the town; we do approve of his choice of that tract of land lying from 
( ) corner of the citadel, and where it does begin, and runs on the westerly side 
of the Mill River till it meets the North Pond; though this being more than his first 
division yet he ought in all justice to possess the remainder as his ( ) that he may 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



have the land on that side i.f the brook as liis [iroiierty. (in order) that no person 
may dam above liini to hinder liis mills ; 

As also we ( ) look at it to be his right, forasmuch as several of us do know 

that Captain Henchinan did promise this lot of land to said Wing appears and before 
ever George Danson saw this pl( ) of that land; as also be(cause) soine of us 

would (have) some of our divisions there, but Captain Henchman told us that we 
(could) not, for he promised the land to Capt. Wing. 

.^nd we have ever since looked at it to be his : only that it was not measured to 
him; but we looked (at) it (that) should have been done in convenient time. 

It is our desires that such an uncomfortable difference may be put to an end and 
that this land may be settled upon Capt. Wing. Yours in all submission. < 

his Isaac Tomlin Thomas Hall 

William .x Weeks George Rosebrooks Peter Goulding 

mark his Digory Sargent. 

Thomas Atherton William .x Pers 

Isaac Bull mark 

James Holmes 

In a letter from Gookiii, dated P)OSt(.iii. June !>, Ki.So, he declared 
both grants legally made by Henchman, "and so are all other lots 
orderly granted and laid ont by Capt. Henchinan. and it is desired no 
interruption may be given to any man in their settlement of their lots, 
which will tend to discourage or hinder the settlement of the said place. 
And if Capt. Wing pretend any claim to the land orderly laid out to said 
Danson, upon account of a second division of fartii lots, it is desired that 
he will forliear to prosecute that matter forasmuch at present, the cotn- 
mittee judge it meet not to lay out any second division for fartn lots utitil 
such persons as are or should settle the said town be first accommodated 
with planting lots as near as may be to the center of the town, where 
the meeting house is designed to be set and jiiills are erected and a citadel 
laid out. .A.ud further the committee do jjromise that if Capt. Wing do 
cease interruptitig of the said Danson or any other that have lots 
granted, he the said Wing shall be considered and in the first place accom- 
modated with his proportion in the second division of farm lots as soon 
as the committee shall order the said second division of farm lots to be 
laid out. And it is desired that the rest of the committee will join in 
subscribing this writing which I conceive may be for the quiet and pro- 
moting and courage (ing) the settlement of the said place." 

Danson was finally successful, in spite of the wishes of the inhab- 
itants and the promises of Henchman, whose final deposition was at vari- 
ance with the word of many witnesses. Wing kept up his interference, 
however, and in July, 1()86, broke the chain of the surveyor employed 
by Danson. The committee gave a deed to Danson. dated August 2, 
168G, and the confirmation of his title was recorded on the proprietors' 
record. It was stipulated, however, that he should not erect any corn 
mill or saw mill upon Mill Brook, or interfere in any way with Capt. 
Wing's privileges on the stream. After Gov. Andros had declared all 
lands granted under former governments forfeited to the Crown, Danson 

W.— 1-2. 



i8 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

took the precaution to secure and record a new confirmation of his title. 
After Danson died, however, Capt. Wing finally came into possession of 
the land, over which there had been so much controversy. 

The Committee of the General Court. — The statement has been 
made that Capt. Wing was added to the committee after the death of 
Richard Beers, and the records of the General Court show that W'ing 
was added, while the original petition and order show that Adam Win- 
throp was also elected. Winthrop was confirmed as member of the com- 
mittee, October 17, 1684, and four days afterward the magistrates "judge 
meet to add Capt. Wing to be of this committee." The committee before 
the Andros administration consisted therefore of Gookin, Prentice, Win- 
throp and Wing who succeeded Henchman. The president and council 
on petition of the proprietors of the town, reappointed Gookin and Pren- 
tice, and added William Bond of Watertown, Capt. Joseph Lynde and 
Deacon John Haynes of Sudbury, as new members with general pow- 
ers to order and regulate all matters concerning the settlement. Capt. 
Penn Townsend and Capt. Ephraim Hunt succeeded Prentice and 
Gookin, December 23, 1691. 

The committee had exercised under the regulation of the General 
Court full authority as to the distribution and laying out of land. The 
"State Manual" gives the date of 1684 as the foundation of the town. It 
was not formally incorporated until 1722. 

From 1686 to 1713 no entries were made on the books of the pro- 
prietors. The Andros administration put a stop to further settlement, 
and the Indian hostilities began soon afterward. It is doubtful if there 
were any accessions to the population here after the year 1686 until the 
town was abandoned. 

Captain Wing's petition to Gov. Andros, not dated, but evidently 
written about 1687, appealed for an abatement of rates in accordance 
with a custom adopted to assist settlers in new towns. No action is 
recorded on the petition. 

Edward Downing's Career. — Edward Downing was appointed to 
command the garrison at Worcester, and the inhabitants resented the 
selection of an outsider, refusing to accept the protection of the garrison 
house, built in the time of Governor Andros. "The State Archives" 
have a certificate signed by John Wing, dated October 23, 1702, stating 
that Alexander Bogle had worked seventeen days for the government 
and had not been paid, "and this was when I had command there," 
writes Bogle, "when (general?) Nickerson (spelled Nikason) was lieu- 
tenant governor." The sum of £1 14 shillings was allowed to Bogle 
for "17 days labor in building a fortification at Worcester." This was 
known as Wing's garrison. It was probably not long before August 
1, 1692, the date of the following letter, when Downing was appointed. 
He wrote to the Governor and Council : 



AND ITS PEOPLE 19 

To the honored governor and council. These lines are to inform you that the in- 
habitants of the town have begun to erect a garrison of their own without any orders 
from authority and I went and warned them into Captain Wing's garrison at Wor- 
cester by virtue of an order from his Excellency the governor, and they refused to 
come, and seeing that they will not come to the garrison, we are not many (men?) 
enough to watch and ward and scout, as the warrant commands, for all the men in the 
place is little enough for to keep one garrison. Mr. Edward Downing, Commander of 
the Garrison. 

On the same sheet with Downing's letter is tlie following: 

Honorable Sirs: The bearer hereof. Thomas Crosby, informs me that he was sent 
to Worcester with four soldiers for the strengthening of the garrison there, by order 
of Major Henchman, and soon after the above-named Downing's wife came to Boston 
and by Capt. Wing's procurement, obtained an order from his Excellency for his tak- 
ing the command of the town, which he saith is very much resented by the inhabi- 
tants, said Doi^'iiing being a stranger but newly come thither and of no good report. 

He further adds that if all the inhabitants should be drawn into Capt. Wing's 
garrison, they cannot possibly subsist, it being so remote from their own dwellings and 
fields where their business lies. And that they have half-finished another good garri- 
son, very conveniently seated, and which will better accommodate them. 

The young man seems to be very modest and discreet, and thinks that he and his 
fellow-soldiers sent from Chelmsford, etc., are imposed on to be put under the com- 
mand of Downing, who was Mr. Liggett's coachman and possibly may be known to 
some of the gentlemen with you. 

I just now received the paper and have forwarded it unto your honor to give di- 
rection about this alTair, as you shall think advisable. I fear Capt. Wing has over- 
much influenced the same. 

I am. Sir, your liumble servant, 

Boston, Aug. 3, 1692. Isaac .\ddington. 

This young man has been ( out ) several times this war : was at Canada and has 
been an ofiicer : which makes it more hard to be put under an Irish stranger. 

The inhaliitants took action against Downing at the same time, and 
Crosby probably delivered the following letter also: 

Worcester, Aug. I, 1692. 

To the Honorable Governor and Council. To let you understand that we have 
seen your order and am willing to let you know our condition and that we are build- 
ing a place of strength to be in near our houses and corn to keep us and our corn, with 
the blessing of the Lord. Capt. Wing's [garrison] is two miles from us and if your 
Honor will remove us. it will be our ruin, to draw us from our corn and provision it 
will undo us. We now live on our growth (crops) and we shall lose all we have. 
And we desire your Honors not to remove us, but to consider our condition. 

Thomas Atherton, Samuel Leonard, Alexander Bogle. George Riple. George (?) 
Benjamin Hinton. 

Leonard was then constable of the town. The records are silent 
as to the fate of Downing. 

War with the Indians. — The Indians came close to Worcester, Au- 
gust 23, 1696, when Goodman Levenz and three children were killed 
at Oxford. Major James Fitch went thither with his command, and on 
the 27th a party of 38 Indians and twelve provincials marched under 
Capt. Daniel Fitch to range the woods towards Lancaster, passing 



20 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

through this town on their way, August 28. Capt. Fitch reported that 
he discovered tracks of several Indians at a jilace called Halfway River, 
between Oxford and Worcester. 

From 1690 the warfare between the settlers and Indians had been 
almost continuous. Queen Anne's War began in 1702, and at that time 
or even earlier the town was abandoned. The settlers left, probably not 
in a body, hut in small groups or one by one. Samuel Leonard, the 
constable, alone remained in the summer of 1702. The committee, 
being alarmed for his safety, sent messengers urging him to leave, but 
he disregarded the advice. At length . an armed force of twelve men 
was sent under Capt. Howe to compel him to seek a place of safety for 
himself and family. This party arrived just after he had been slain, 
and it was afterward discovered that six Indians were hidden in the 
cellar while the soldiers slept that night on the floor above. The account 
of Leonard's death and the capture of his children will be found in the 
Leonard sketch. 

The list of settlers here from 1083 to 1702 has been compiled. (See 
Early Settlers, etc.) from various documents, viz: 

Thomas Atherton, Samuel Leonard, 

Alexander Bogle, William Pierce, 

Isaac Bull, George Pike, 

John Cowell, Christopher Reed, 

James Daniel, Jonas Rice, 

Samuel Daniel, George Ripley, 

George Danson, George Rosebrough (Rosebrooks). 

James Dutton, Enos Salter, 

Benjamin Eaton, Digory Sargent, 

David Fiske, Caleb Sawyer, 

Isaac George, Isaac Tomlin, 

Daniel Gookin, Mathew Tomlin, 

Peter Goulding, John Turner. 

Daniel Henchman, Daniel Turel, 

Nathaniel Henchman, Will (a mulatto), 

Benjamin Hinton, William Weeks, 

James Holmes, Charles Williams, 

Jacob Leonard, John Wing. 

In 1709 an unsuccessful attempt was made to revive the plantation 
here. Joseph Sawyer and fifteen others presented a petition to Gov- 
ernor Joseph Dudley, the Council and General Court, stating that they 
were willing to undertake the settlement of Worcester if they could 
have a firm foundation of settlement laid, a fort liuilt, and needful pro- 
tection. A. committee was appointed by the council to consider the 
expediency of granting the request and the course to be adopted, but the 
House of Deputies refused to concur and the undertaking failed. 



CHAPTER III 
Third and Permanent Settlement 

From 1702 to 1713, Worcester was uninhabited. There were vari- 
ous changes in the ownership of land, and the planters who came here in 
1713 and afterward were largely of other families. But eventually some 
of the inhabitants of earlier days returned t<j the tnw n when ])eace came 
and the Indian no longer threatened. 

The next concerted action to reestablisli the town was made liy Col. 
Adam Winthrop, a member of the committee in charge of the planta- 
tion at the time it was abandoned, and by Gershom and James Rice of 
Marlborough. These three in petition dated r)ct()l)er 13, 1713, addressed 
the General Court in behalf of themselves and others interested, stat- 
ing their desire "to endeavor and enter upon a new settlement of the 
place from which they had been driven by the war" and prayed "for 
the countenance and encouragement of the Court in their undertak- 
ing; for such directions and regulations as should lie thought fit to make 
them defensible in case of a new rupture with the Indians: and for a 
proper Committee to direct in ordering the prudentials of the ]i]antation 
till they come to a full settlement." 

In answer to the petition, the following cfimmittee was appointed: 
Hon. William Taylor, Col. Adam Winthroj), Hon. William Dudley, Lt. 
Col. Ballantine and Capt. Thomas Howe. This committee made a 
detailed report, June 14, 1714, of their proceedings in adjusting claims 
of former settlers and jirotnoting the new settlement. They allowed 
the claims of thirty-one proprietors or "ancient inhabitants" and, accord- 
ing to the records, there were few of the rights abandoned or disallowed. 

To effect the settlement, grants were made to twenty-eight other 
persons on condition that each pay twelve-pence per acre for. their plant- 
ing or house lots, being the same amount collected from the original 
planters ; and that each build a dwelling on each right, whether he 
acquired it by purchase, grant or representation. It was recommended 
that the provision made for the support of the ministry and schools be 
accepted, instead of the reservation to the Commonwealth in 1668. As 
compensation for their services, a lot of forty acres was assigned to each 
of the committee. The report was accejjted and approved by Governor 
Dudley, June 14, 1714. 

The First Permanent Settler. — Jonas Rice, signer of the petition 
and a former resident, was the first settler. From the day he came, 
October 31, 1713, is dated the permanent settlement of the town. It 
is an historic date, but of no special significance. The old settlers had 
not permanently abandoned their farms. The original grantees, their 



22 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



heirs and assignees, were still the proprietors, notwithstanding the two 
periods during which the plantation was abandoned on account of war. 
Rice built his house on Sagatabscot Hill, on the ruad from Sutton and 
Grafton, (now Union Hill) and his farm included some of the land that 
Digory Sargent had cultivated. Lincoln suggests that he ma\- ha\e 
lived there during the second settlement. Rice and his family were 
the only inhabitants for about eighteen months. Gersbom Rice, his 
brother, also a signer of the petition, was the second settler in the 
spring of 1715. For an account of these two pioneers, see Early Settlers 
in this work. The third settler, Nathaniel Moore of Sudlniry. was a 
brother-in-law of Jonas Rice. (See Early Settlers). 

At the end of five years, fifty-eight dwelling houses had been erected, 
according to the proprietors' records, owned by the persons mentioned 
below. This list includes both old and new proprietors, as the same 
conditions were imposed upon all of the settlers. The certificates in the 
proprietors' records show that these houses had been built and occu- 
pied three years, and the owners had jierfected their titles fully, in 
accordance with the order of the General Court. The size of the grants 
in the first division is given with each name. The list, as nearly as 
possible represents the founders of the town, the grantees and pro- 
prietors at the beginning of the third and permanent settlement of 
the town. In the chapter on Early Settlers an account of each is given. 
The list shows also where the former proprietors had made their homes 
after leaving Worcester. The names in italics are those of former set- 
tlers or their sons who had presumably also lived here. 



Aaron Adams of Sudbury, 30: 
Rev. Benjamin Allen of Concord, 40; 
Benjamin Barron of Concord, 30; 
John Barron of Concord, 30 ; 

Thomas Binney of , 40 ; 

Ichabod Brozi'n of Newton, 30; 
Thomas Brow\i of Newton, 30; 

James Butler of , 40; 

Ephraim Curtis's son, $0 ; 
George Danson of Boston, 20; 
John Eliot (and John Smith), 180; 

Benjamin Fletcher of , 30; 

Thomas Gleason of Sudbury, 30; 
Peter Goulding of Boston, 50; 
Thomas Haggctt of Andover, 20; 
David Haynes of Sudbury, 30; 
Daniel Henchman of Boston, 150; 
Daniel Heywood of Concord, 40; 
Josiah Heywood of Concord, 30; 
Leonard Hoar of Concord, 40; 
James Holmes of Woodstock, 40; 
Nathaniel Jones of Boston, 40; 
Henry Lee of Concord, 30; 



Isaac Leonard of Bridgewater, 40; 

Jacob Leonard of Bridgewater, 40; 

Moses Leonard of Bridgewater, 30; 

Daniel Livermore of Maiden, 40; 

Stephen Minot of Boston, 20; 

Nathaniel Moore of Sudbury. 40; 

W'illiam Paine of Boston, 20; 

Thomas Palmer of Boston and Cornelius 
Waldo (with John Oulton of Marble- 
head) 213; 

George Parmenter of Sudbury, 60; 

Thomas Prentice of Newton, 50; 

Ephraim Rice of Sudbury, 30; 

Ephraim Rice, Jr., of Sudbury, 30; 

Elisha Rice of Sudbury, 30; 

Gershom Rice of Marlborough. 80; 

James Rice of Marlborough, 100; 

Jonas Rice of Marlborough, 80; 

Joshua Rice of Sudbury, 30; 

Josiah Rice of Sudbury, 30 ; 

John Smith of Boston (and John Eliot), 
180; 

James Taylor of Maiden, 30; 



AND ITS PEOPLE 23 



Jonathan Tyng of Boston, 40; Obadiah Ward of Sudbury, 30; 

Cornelius Waldo (with John Oulton of Richard Ward of Sudbury, 30; 
Marblehead), 213; Isaac V\'heeler of Medfield, 40. 

At least nine otht-rs were living here in IT IS, having come or built 
their houses after IT 15, viz: 

Elijah Chase Jonathan Hubbard 

Benjamin Crosby Isaac Miller 

Richard Flagg Moses Rice 

Palmer Goulding Daniel Ward. 
Nathaniel Henchman 

About 1T18 grants were also made to the following: 

David Bigelow of Watertown James Knapp of Sudbury 

Joseph Crosby Jonathan Marble 

Benjamin Flagg of Watertown Andrew McFarland 

John Gray John Stearns of Watertown 

Peter King of Sudbury Martha Sargent (daughter of Digory). 

Henry Knapp of Sudbury 

Lots of 40 acres each were assigned for the schools, the minister and 
the ministry and to the committee, as follows: 

Col. John Ballantine Col. William Taylor 

Col. William Dudley Col. Adam Winthrop. 

Capt. Thomas Howe 

Capt. Thomas Howe and Lieut. David Haynes were appointed a 
committee to give certificates to the planters when they had fulfilled the 
conditions of their grants. The list returned, April 23, 1T18, has been 
lost, but it has been reproduced as given above from the record of 
surveys in the same year. 

The Village in 1718. — The year 1718 marked the coming of the 
first Scotch-Irish settlers and a large number of grants were made to 
them during the next ten or fifteen years. (See Scotch-Irish). 

The population in 1718, reckoning on the basis of 60 families, was 
between 200 and 300, and it doubled in a few years on account of the 
Scotch-Irish accessions and more provincial settlers. The village in 
1718 consisted of the 58 houses of the settlers, and at least four garrison 
houses designed to protect the planters in case of another Indian 
outbreak. 

The first labor of the settlers, after a considerable number arrived, 
was to erect a garrison house on the west side of the Leicester road, 
not far from the Common. During the first year all in that vicinity slept 
in this block-house. Another garrison house was constructed by Dea- 
con Daniel Heywood near the head of Columbian street, now Ex- 



24 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

change street. The third garrison house was on the Connecticut road, 
north of Lincoln Square. The fourth was north of .Adams Square, where 
a long iron cannon was subsequently mounted to give alarm of coming 
danger. During the French and Indian War this gun was removed 
to the Common ; during the Reyolutit^n it was placed west of the court 
house, and it was fired to call the people to arms when the Lexington 
alarm was given. 

It is likely that still another garrison house was erected east of the 
intersection of the Lancaster and Boston roads, near Adams Square. 
There was certainly a house there, and Lincoln says it bore marks of 
being a fortified place. The houses on the outskirts of the village were 
each protected by outworks. 

Besides the block-houses, was the saw mill erected by Capt. John 
Wing, on Mill Brook, then owned by Thomas Palmer, Cornelius Waldo 
and John Oulton of Marblehead. Apparently Wing's corn mill was 
gone, however, for Lincoln says the first corn mill of the new settlement 
was erected by Eljiah Chase on the Blackstone river, near where the 
Quinsigamond pa])er mills stood in 183(;, and that for many years it was 
the only grist mill. Another sawmill was built by ( Jbadiah Ward above 
the site of the old Red Mills; it was mentioned in his will, December 

16, i:ir. 

The following description of the roads and houses of the village in 
1T18 was compiled from the Proprietors' Records of the town. A map 
of Worcester by H. Stebbins (1833) gives the locations of most of the 
houses mentioned below. 

The Connecticut Road, from the north end of Lake yuinsigamond 
to Lincoln Square: homes of Benjamin Crosby, Isaac Miller (where 
the city farm is now located): Ephraim Curtis: Thomas Haggatt; 
Ichabod and Thomas Brown; Henry Lee (at Adams Square) ; Nathaniel 
Henchman and Joshua Rice (west of Mill Brook). 

Tlie Lancaster Road coming from the north, along the present Bos- 
ton road along the route of the present Main street to the Heywood gar- 
rison house ending at or near the Common. Moses Rice had a tavern a 
few rods north of the Common ; Daniel Ward — -opposite the Com- 
mon. The only other houses on or near this road were those of Jona- 
than Hubl)ar<l and James Rice further south. 

Road from the Lake to Connecticut Road, laid out after the new set- 
tlement, from the head of the lake, east of the Grafton road across Rac- 
coon Plain to Halfway river, where it joined the Connecticut Road or 
path. Here lived: James Taylor, Moses Leonard, Jacob Leonard, 
Palmer Goulding, Richard Flagg, Dea. Nathaniel ^loore, Jonas Rice, 
James Rice, Aaron Adams. 

A log placed over the stream in what is now Washington Square 
gave passage from the vicinity of James Holmes's house to that of Ger- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



^j 



shorn Rice, on the south side of tlie Grafton rcjad leading to the Con- 
necticut path. 

A path along what is nuw Sunmu-r street led to the first burial place 
situated north of the junction with the present Thomas street. 

lo. Bill Koad was soon afterward opened, a path led from the Com- 
mon to the house of Jaciih Holmes at Washington Square. 

Pleasant street was opened soon afterward as a path at first. 

Incorporation of the Town. — Worcester was still a plantation in 
K'M, and had been governed from the beginning of the first settlement 
by committees and officers a])i)ointed by the General Court. In 1721 a 
petition of the freeholders and projjrietors for incorporation was pre- 
sented to the General Court, with a letter which indicates that a dis- 
temper then raging might interfere with the work of the court and cause 
a delay. The letter was dated May .'il. IT^l. The petition was in 
charge of John Houghton of Lancaster and Peter Rice of Marlborough. 

The General Court took action on this petition and others of a 
similar purport, and passed a resolve, June 14, 1T2"3, vesting the inhab- 
itants of Worcester with the powers and privileges of other towns within 
the province, and directing that the first town meeting be held on the last 
Wednesday of Sejjtember, 1T22. The warrant for the meeting was 
issued bv Francis Fulham of Weston. 




\orth Entrance to the X'lllage of Worcester, Boston road, in 1841. In the htt!c one- 
story building in the foreground, the elder Stejihen Salisbury kept his first store, 
and laid the foundations of the ample fortune of so much benefit now to the peo- 
ple of Worcester. 

First Town Meeting. — The first town meeting was held .September 
28. 1T22, The meeting was called to order by Gershom Rice, and Daniel 
Hevwood elected moderator. The first town officers elected at this 



26 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

meeting were : Selectmen — Dea. Nathaniel Moore, Nathaniel Jones, 
Benjamin Flagg, Jonas Rice and John Gray. Town clerk — Jonas Rice. 
Town treasurer — Daniel Heywood. Assessors — Nathaniel Jones, Jonas 
Rice, Henry Lee. Constables — Jonathan Moore, John Hubbard. Sur- 
veyors of Highways — Daniel Bigelow and Thomas Haggett. Tything- 
man — James Holden and Jacob Holmes. Fence Viewers — William Gray 
and Richard Ward. Clerk of the Market — Nathaniel Moore. Dealer of 
Leather — John Gray. Hog-reeves — Robert Peebles and Aaron Adams. 

The north precinct, part of which was afterward set off as the town 
of Holden in 1740, and the south precinct, of which a part was after- 
ward set off to form part of the town of Ward (Auburn) in 1777, were 
established at a meeting of the selectmen, October 12, 1722. It was 
voted that "the country road shall be the line between the Constables, 
from Leicester to Halfway river, and from thence said river to be the 
line till it comes to Mill brook; thence said brook to be the line till it 
comes up to the country road ; then the country road to be- the line to 
Shrewsbury, the two divisions to be known by the name of the North 
and South Precincts." 

The town meetings were held in the taverns or meeting houses. 
The town was charged with the support of the church. (See "Old South 
Church") ; with maintaining highways and opening new roads as needed. 
There were no salaried officers. The town voted to buy standard weights 
and measures for public use and staves for the constables, October 
19, 17S2. 

The first structure built after incorporation was the pound. Henry 
Lee contracted with the selectmen for building it for the sum of six 
pounds. It was 33 feet square, seven feet high, of oak rails, two by six 
inches. It was located at Salem Square, and a pound was in use there 
until after 1800. 



CHAPTER IV 
The Scotch-Irish Settlers 

It is with some hesitancy, and with no wish to revive an old con- 
troversy that the word Scotch-Irish is used to describe the immigrants 
from the North of Ireland, the counties in the province of Ulster, who 
came to Worcester in 1T1<S and later. They were Presbyterians; their 
fathers, grandfathers or great-grandfathers were from Scotland in most 
cases, Init in some instances from England. When King James confis- 
cated the lands of the Irish people in Ulster in an attempt to make 
Ireland Protestant, and in 1610 and later granted their lands to Scotch 
and English, he sowed the seed of bitter feeling that has lasted to the 
present time. The descendants of the grantees, about two-thirds of 
whom were .Scotch Covenanters, and a third English, together with 
their tenants and later settlers, have been known as Scotch-Irish — 
"Scotch," because a large majority were Scotch, and "Irish" because 
the}' were living in Ireland. 

This is not the [dace for a history of the Scotch-Irish. An e.xcellent 
account of this people may be found in the two-volume work of Charles 
A. Hanna, entitled "The Scotch-Irish, or The Scot in North Britain, 
North Ireland and North America," (Putnam, 1902). The Scotch- 
Irish of Worcester were at first called "Irish" by the other people here, 
but they themselves insisted they were Scotch. The word, like all other 
hyphenated names of this kind, even the word Anglo-Saxon, should be 
taken merely as a handy name for identification, not as the name of a 
well-defined race. 

The Worcester settlers who are described as Scotch-Irish were 
chiefly from Londonderry, Ireland, and vicinity. In 1T18 the four Pres- 
byterian ministers of that city, James McGregor, William Cornwell, 
William Boyd and John Hcjlmes, with portions of their congregations, 
determined to emigrate to America. They sent a petition to Governor 
Shute of Massachusetts asking for land for their homes here, and he 
encouraged them to come. Five ships containing the immigrants and 
their goods arrived in Boston, August 4, 1718. The best known settle- 
ment was made at Londonderry, New Hampshire, but the company 
scattered widely, and was soon amalgamated with the other people of 
New England. Groups settled in Boston and vicinity, Leicester, Graf- 
ton, Hopkinton, Worcester, Rutland, later in Pelham, Palmer, Bland- 
ford, and other towns in this state, and in many places in the vicinity 
of Londonderry, New Hampshire, and Portland, Maine. The stream 
of emigration from Ulster continued until the Revolution. Some Pres- 
byterian churches were organized by the Scotch-Irish, but as a rule the 



28 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

new settlers joined the Congregational churches. In many cases where 
they had letters of dismissal, they were received at once into the churches 
here. 

The fact that the Scotch-Irish of Worcester attempted to have a 
separate church and failed because the rude building they began to erect 
was destroyed by a mob, has been misinterpreted. This act of violence 
was not the result of race jirejudice or religious feeling, but chiefly on 
account of taxes. The residents of Worcester op])Osed every attempt 
to build churches of another faith than the old Puritan Congregational 
denomination, which was supported by jniblic taxation. The Scotch- 
Irish worshiijjjed alone for a time in the old garrison house in North 
Worcester, l)ut within five or six years the Scotch-Irish had their pews 
in Old South Church: they had their share of public offices. In 1733 
the more jjrominent Scotch-Irish were seated in church here by the 
ancient rule, according to their supposed standing in the community, in 
the second, third and fifth pews. And before that time intermarriages 
between the English and Scotch-Irish had begun. Incidentally, the 
Scotch-Irish introduced the potato in New England. 

An account of all the Scotch-Irish families will be found in the 
genealogies of Early Settlers in this work. About half the jiopulation 
at the time of the Revolution was of Scotch-Irish stock. Many of them 
moved westward to Rutland, Athol, Pelham, Coleraine, Warren, Bland- 
ford, hoping to better themselves, not because of unsatisfactory rela- 
tions with the older settlers; a few to Xew Hampshire to join relatives 
there. About the same proportion of the English stock moved away 
from time to time. From the very beginning this movement had been 
taking place, exce])t when interrupted by wars. Sudbury had about 
fifty families when they asked and received the grant of the whole town 
of Marlborough because they were crowded. Though Sudbury was 
still mostly wilderness, the desire for more land prevailed; the search 
for better land went on constantly. 

At least two of the Scotch-Irish pioneers here were exempted from 
taxation under the Piritish act granting freedom of taxation to the 
defenders of Londonderry, Ireland, during the siege of 1689. They were 
Aljraham Blair and William Caldwell. 

The town of Pelham was granted to Scotch-Irish of this town, or 
rather purchased b}- Robert Peebles and James Thornton, of Col. Joha 
Stoddard. The tract was three miles and a half in width and seven 
miles and three-quarters in length, and was at first called Lisbon or 
Lisburn. John Chandler Jr. was clerk of the proprietors, to whora 
Peebles and Thornton transferred their title. The first record was dated 
February 28, 1738-9. The following went thither from this town and 
were original proprietors : Robert and Patrick Peebles, John and Alex- 
ander McConkey, Alexander Turner, John Stinson, James Hood, Adam 
Johnson, Ephraim and George Cowan, William Jr., John Jr. and Samuel 



AND ITS PEOPLE 29 



.Gray; Thomas and Juhii Dick, J(jhti and James Alexander. James Mc- 
Allach (McCuUogh). James Thurnton, Adam Clark, Samuel Thomas. 
James Taylor, John Chandler, all uf Worcester; George Cowan was 
called of Concord; John Ferguson was of Grafton; James Gilmore of 
Boston; Abraham f'atterson ami Thomas I^owden of Leicester; John 
Johnson of Shreusbury. 

The leading citizens of I'elham were Robert F>arber, Robert Loth- 
eridge (this name is spelled Lorthrig in ICarly Settlers), John Uick, Pat- 
rick Peebles, John Chandler Jr.. James Thornton, Robert Peebles, W'il- 
Jiam Johnson, John Stinson. Samuel Gray, who signed the api)lication for 
the first town meeting. The meeting was held in Worcester at the 
house of Danuel Hey wood, February 26, ]T:58-!); the second meeting at 
the same place. May 1. 1739. The following officers were chosen: John 
Chandler Jr., treasurer; Robert Barber, collector; Andrew McFarland, 
Robert Lotheridge. Samuel Gra}-. William Young. James Alexander, sur- 
veyors. The first meeting in Pelham was August 6, 1740, when James 
Thornton was moderator, William Gra}', clerk. The first town meet- 
ing was held in March, 1744. 

Of these Worcester men who went to Pelham. John Gray. William 
Johnson, James (jilniore and James Alexander were signers of the Shute 
Memorial in Ireland. (See \>. 8, Pelham histor\). The Blair Gen. (p. 
31) mentions a Mr. Harquson of Worcester among the early settlers, but 
no record has been found concerning him. 



CHAPTER V 



Voters of 1779— Census of 1790 — Early Warnings — Old Houses 



The following is the list of voters for 1779: 



Charles Adams 
Joseph Allen 
Joshua Bigelow Esq. 
Mary Bigelow 
Thaddeus Bigelow 
Samuel Bridge 
Tim° Bigelow Esq. 
Samuel Brown 
Sarah Brown 
Joseph Blair 
James Barber 
David Bigelow 
Samuel Brooks 
Nathan Baldwin 
Thankful Brown 
Jona. Bartlett's Estate 
Joseph Barber 
Nath' Brook 
Daniel Baird 
John Baird 
Ebenezer Barber 
Joseph Ball 
Isaac Barnard. Esq. 
Solomon Bixbee 
John Barnard 
Will™ Brown 
Mary Chandler 
Benj'i Chapin 
John Cunningham 
Eli Chapin 
David Chaddick 
Joseph Clark 
Robert Crawford 
Sarah Clark 
Samuel Curtis 
Gardner Chandler 
John Curtis 
John Chamberlain 
Jacob Chamberlain 
Wm Cowden's Estate 
Samuel Clark 
Thaddeus Chamberlain 
Edward Crafts 
Dauniel Chaddick 
Charles Chandler 



Samuel Chandler 
Thaddeus Chapin 
Ezra Carey 
Joseph Donelley 
Andrew Duncan 
Elijah Di.x 
William Daws 
William Dana 
William Elder 
John Elder 
Daniel Eveleth 
Benjamin Flagg Esq. 
John Fisk 
Jonathan Fisk 
Jonathan Flagg 
Josiah Flagg 
Abigail Fullerton 
Samuel Fullerton 
Elisha Gurney 
Palmer Goulding 
John Greene 
William Gates 
John Gates 
Jonathan Gates 
Samuel Goddard 
Reuben Gray 
Isaac Gleason's Estate 
Jonathan Gleason 
Robert Gray 
Simon Gates' Estate 
Isaac Gleason 2"^ Estate 
Jonathan Grout 
John Griggs 
Josiah Gates 
Charles Stearns 
Jonathan Gates 2"^ 
Phineas Gleason 
Samuel Gates 
Benjamin Greene 
John Hamilton 
Josiah Harrington 
Francis Harrington 
Nathaniel Harrington 
Daniel Heywood 
Tacob Holmes 



Joseph Hastings 

Nath' Heywood 

Jacob Hemmingway 

Elijah Harrington 

Ezekiel Howe 

Ezekiel Howe Jun"" 

Daniel Harris 

Jonas Hubbard's Estate 

Joshua Johnson 

Noah Harris 

Nath' Healy 

Phin'' Heywood's Estate 

Elijah Hawes 

Josiah Harrington Jun"' 

Levi Houghton 

Robert Henry's Estate 

Joel Howe 

Noah Joney 

Solomon Johnson Jn"' 

Micah Johnson 

Peter Johnson 

Daniel Johnson 

Israel Jennison 

Samuel Jennison 

William Johnson 

Phineas Jones 

Micah Johnson Jun"" 

Ezra Jones 

Joseph Lynde Esq'' 

Thomas Knight 

John Kelso 

Paul Kingston 

Josiah Knight 

Edward Knight 

Daniel Knight 

Thomas Lynde 

Nath' Langdon 

Eben'' Lovel 

Jonathan Lovel 

Levi Lincoln Esq'' 

Nath' Moore 

William Mahan 

Silas Moore Estate 

Asa Moore 

John Mower 



32 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



James McFarland 
Will" McFarland 
Samuel Miller 
John Moore 
Samuel McCraken 
David Moore 
Eph"i Miller 
James Moore 
Moses Miller 
John Moore 2'"' 
Samuel Mower 
Samuel Moore 
Sainuel Moore Jun^ 
Joseph Morse 
Eph"i Mower 
Joseph May 
Thomas Nichols 
John Nazro 
John Noyes 
John Noyes Jun 
Jonathan Osland 
Tim° Paine Esq"" 
Jonathan Phillips 
Nathan Perry 
Josiah Peirce 
John Pierce 
Richard Pratt 
James Quigley 



William Quifjley 
Absalom Rice 
Jonathan Rice 
Thomas Rice 
Thomas Rice 
Zebed"" Rice's Estate 
Lemuel Rice 
John Stearns 
William Stearns 
Benjamin Stowell 
Cornelius Stowell 
John Stanton 
Mary Stearns 
Elisha Smith 
Elisha Smith Jun'' 
Robert Smith 
Will"! Jennison Sterne 
John Smith 2"'* 
Samuel Salisbury 
Stephen Salisbury 
Joseph Sprague 
Samuel Sturtevant 
Phineas Stevens 
Martha Salisbury 
Othniel Taylor 
William Taylor 
Abraham Taylor 
James Trowbridge 



W illiam Trowbridge 
Jabez Totman 
John Totman 
David Thomas 
Joseph Trumbull 
John Taylor 
Jonathan Williams 
Nahum Williams 
Thomas Wheeler 
Isaac Willard 
Phineas Ward 
Uriah Ward 
Ebenr Wiswall 
Sam' Wiswall 
Eben"" Wiswall Jun^ 
Joshua Whitney 
Amos Wheeler 
Eben"' Willington 
Joseph Wiley's Estate 
Benja Whitney 
Benja Whitney Jun"" 
Samuel Whitney 
William Walker 
Asa Ward 
Sam' Woodburn 
Solomon Willard 
William Young Esq"" 



The Census of 1790. — The first federal census was taken in Wor- 
cester in 17!t(), aiui a copy is given below. It is given not for the sake 
of the figures, but as a supplement of the chapter on Early Settlers. 
But few names in the census are not mentioned in the genealogies, how- 
ever. In some cases the size of the families tell us that not all the chil- 
dren are recorded. The list will be found iii\aluable to those tracing 
their ancestry to families in this town. 

The names are of heads of families; in the first column is given the 
number of free white males 16 years old and upward, including the heads; 
the second column gives the number of free white males under 16 years 
of age; the third gives the free white females including heads (widows, 
etc.); the fourth gives all other free persons (Indians, negroes, etc.): 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



33 



Allen, Joseph 

Andrews, Benjamin . . . 
Andrews, Thomas . . . . 

Adams, Charles 

Bigelow, Thadeus . . . . 
Bigelow, David, Jr. ... 

Bridge, Samuel 

Brooks, Samuel 

Brown, \\'illiam 

Blair, Joseph 

Barber, James 

Barber, Joseph 

Blake, James 

Blair. Increase 

Brooks, Nathaniel . . . . 

Brooke, Snnon 

Beard, Daniel 

Buxton. William 

Ball. Joseph 

Brown, Ebenezer 

Barnard, John 

Bixby. Solomon 

Bigelow, David J 

Bangs, Edward 

Barber, Ebenezer 

Butman, Benjamin .... 

Bacon. Mical 

Brazier, Samuel 

Bowles, William 

Butler, Smith 

Braotts, Henry 

Blackman, Nathan . . . . 

Burns, David 

Blake, Increase 

Bridges. Ebenezer 

Bencraft. .Aaron 

Blake. Increase (dup.) 

Brooke. Siinon 

Cook. Robert 

Chandler, Samuel 

Chapin, Eli 

Chadwick, David 

Carter, Elizabeth 

Curtis. Samuel 

Curtis, SaiTiuel, Jr 

Curtis, Tyler 

Chandler. Anna 

Chamberlain, Jacob . . . 
Chamberlain, John . . . . 
Chamberlain. Thadeus . 

Chadwick, Daniel 

Chadwick. Isaac 

Chapin, Thadeus 

Coolidge. Nathaniel ... 

Campbell, James 

Childs, Benjamin. Jr. . 

Childs, Benjamin 

Cowes, John 

W.— 1-3. 





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34 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Cook, George 

Child, Abner 

Carrel, Thomas 

Convers, Benjamin . . 

Crosby. Abiah 

Dix, Elijah 

Duncan. .Sarah 

Duncan. Simeon 

Denny. Samuel 

Dawes. Cato 

Elder. John 

Elder. William 

Eaton. Alpheus 

Eaton, William 

Flagg, Benjamin 

Flagg, Benjamin. Jr. . 

Flagg. Phineas 

Fisk, James 

Flagg, Josiah 

Flagg. Elijah 

Flagg. Rufus 

Flagg, Asa 

Flagg, Levi 

Flagg. Eli 

Flagg. Samuel 

Flagg. Francis 

Flagg. Nathaniel 

Fullerton. Samuel . . . . 

Follet. Samuel 

Follanshee. Eunice . . . 

Follet. Walter 

Fowler. Ezekiel 

Flagg. Silas 

Green, John 

Green, John. Jr 

Goulding. Palmer . . . . 
Gleason. Jonathan . . . . 

Gates. John 

Gray, Reuben 

Griggs. William 

Gates. William 

Gates, Simon 

Gates, Jonathan 

Gates, Paul 

Goddard. Samuel 

Gleason, John 

Gleason. Phineas 

Gray, Robert 

Gleason, Jonathan . . . . 

Gleason. Isaac 

Gleason, V'arnel 

Grout, Jonathan 

Griggs, John 

Griggs, David 

Goulding. Ignatius ... 

Goulding. James 

Goulding. Lucv 

Gale. Eli 

Gleason. Ruth 

Gates. Amos 

Gates, James 

Heanionway, Jacob . . . 

Holms. Jacob 

Hearington. Nathaniel 
Heariiigton. Elijah . . . 

Hastings, Joseph 

Heard, Anthony 



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AND ITS PEOPLE 



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Heywood, Daniel 

Hey wood, Daniel, Jud.. 

Heywood, Abel 

Heard, Nathan 

Henry. Samuel 

Heywood, Stephen . . . . 

Harris, Noah 

Hearington, Joshua. Jr. 

Hearington, Noah 

Healy, Nathaniel 

Healy, Jedediah 

How, Ezekal 

How, Joel 

Heywood, Benjamin . . 

Haws, Sarah 

Haws, James 

Hawkins, Jeremiah .... 

Harris, Risiner 

Hambleton, Asa 

Hutchinson, Lot 

Heywood, James 

Hair, John 

Henry, Samuel 

Hearington, Silas . . . . 
Heamonway, Jeffry . . . 
Heamonway, Cipio . . . . 
Heywood. Phineas . . . . 

Jenison, Samuel 

Jenison, William 

Jones, Phineas 

Jones, Timothy 

Johnson, Micah 

Johnson, Micah, Jr 

Johnson, Mary 

Jones. William 

Johnson. Peter 

Johnson. Daniel 

Johnson. Joshua 

Johnson. John 

Johnson, William 

Johnson, William, 2nd 

Johnson, Amos 

Johnson, Thomas 

Knight, Thorn 

Kelso. Hugh 

Knight. Josiah 

Knight, Edward 

Knight. William 

Knight. Isaac 

Kingston, Samuel . . . . 
Kingsbury. Joseph . . . . 

Knower, John 

Knight, Reuben 

Kennady, John 

Lynde. Mary 

Lincoln. Levi 

Lincoln. Abraham 

Lovell. Ebenezer 

Lovell, Jonathan 

Lyon, Josiah 

Lynde, George 

McFarland, William . . 
McF'arland, James . . . . 
Mahan. William, 2nd .. 

Mahan. William 

Moore. Nathaniel 

Moore, Asa 



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36 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Moore, William 

Moore, David 

Manses, Jack 

Moore, Samuel. 2nd . 

Moore, John 

Moore, John, 2nd .... 
Merryheld, Timothy . . 

Moore, Elashes 

Miller, Moses 

Moore, John 

Moore, Samuel 

Moore, Ebenezer 

Mower, Eaphraim .... 

Mann, Elias 

Moore. Thadeus 

Mills, Thomas 

Miller, Jacob 

Murray, Elixander . . . 

Mi.xter. Daniel 

Miller, Joseph 

Milline, John 

Nelson, John 

Nichols. Thomas .... 
Nichols, Thomas, Jr. . 

Nazro, John 

Noyse, John 

Newton, Elijah 

Newton, Benjamin . . . 

Newton, Francis 

Nichols, John 

Osland, Jonathan 

Paine, Timothy 

Paine, Nathaniel 

Putnam. Isaac 

Parker, John 

Perry, Nathan 

Peirce, Josiah 

Perry. Josiah 

Putnam. Solomon 

Porter, Samuel 

Peirce, John 

Peirce, Levi 

Payson, Thomas 

Patch, Nathan (hotel) 

Patch, Henry 

Phillips, Jonathan . . . , 

Powery, Elizabeth 

Putnam, Amos 

Rice. Jonathan 

Rice, Thomas 

Rice. Juda 

Ranks. Christopher . . . 

Rice, Silas 

Salisbury, Stephen . . . 

Smith, Ithamer 

Smitli, Elishua, Jr. . , . 

Smith, Elishua 

Smith, Jacob 

Smith, Phineas 

Stevens, Phineas 

Smith, Solomon 

Smith, Robert 

Slater, Peter 

Smith. Gideon 

Stowell, Benjamin .... 
Stowell, Cornelius ... 
Stowell. Abel 



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AND ITS PEOPLE 



37 



Stowell. Thomas 

Slowell. Peter 

Stearns, Joliii 

Stowers. John 

Stanton, John 

Savage, Francis 

Stearns. Charles . . , , 

Stratton, Asa 

Stearns, Daniel 

Stearns, Bezaleel , . , 

Salter. William 

Smith, Thomas 

Sever, William 

Thomas. Isaiah 

Tracy. W-illiam 

Totman. John 

Trovvbridye. William 
Trowbridge. James , , 

Taylor, James 

Tucker, Benjamin . . , 
Taylor, Othenial , , , 
Taylor, Timothy . . , , 

Tracy, Thomas 

Treadwell. William 

Tufts. Andrew 

Torrey. Joseph 

Tai't. Timothy 

Tanner. Helyer 

Taft, Josiah 

Taylor, Stephen , , , , 

Ward, Phineas 

Waldo, Daniel 

Willington, Ebenezer 
Wheeler, Thomas . . , 

Wheeler, .Amos 

\\'heeler, Theophilus 
Wheeler. Joseph . , , . 

Ward, Asa 

Wiswall, Ebenezer . . . 
Willington. Ebenezer, 
Willington. David . . 
Whitney. Ebenezer , , 
Wliitney, Benjamin J. 

Warren, John 

White, Xathan 

\\"oodburn, Samuel , , 
Williams, Ebenezer , 

Walker, Joseph 

\\ arden. Samuel . . . , 
Woodward, John . . . 
Warren, William , . , 

Waters, John 

Walker, John 

Wagoner, John 

White, John 

Willard. Isaac 

Willard. Isaac. Jr 

Walker. Cato 

Wheelock. Joseph . . 

Willard. Moses 

Willard. Benjamin . . 

Willard. lohn 

Willard. William . , . . 
Winslow, Worcester 
Walker. Christania . . 

Young. William 

Vounge, James 



4 


5 


3 








3 






I 


2 






3 


4 






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3 


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5 




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I 


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2 


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I 


4 




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3 


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1 ■ 





38 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Worcester Warnings. — It was the custom in colonial and provincial 
days to "warn out" strangers. The town constable was ordered by the 
selectmen from time to time to give notice to persons not authorized to 
reside in a town to depart. To this notice little attention was paid, as a 
rule. The first settlers of many families in Worcester got this uncivil 
notice, the object of which was partly to discourage those of other than 
Congregational faith from locating here, hut principally because the 
town protected itself in this way from persons acquiring citizenship 
and possibly becoming public charges afterward. In this list will be 
found many transients. On the other some of those warned out. remained 
to established honored families here : 

••Mien, Lydia. son Salmon, from Poquioge. 

Adams, Rachel, poor, about 20 years old, from Grafton, June, 1761, 

now at house of Isaac Willard. 
.\dams. Peter, from Westborough, Aug. 31, '62. 
.\nthony. Joseph, mulatto boy, frotn Grafton, June, 1766. 
Boyden, Joseph, Jr., w. Judith, several small children, poor. 
BuUard, Jonathan, w. and family. 
Baldrich, William, w. 2 ch. in house of Ebenezer Starns & Cornelius 

Waldo. Esq. who are warned not to entertain them longer. 
Blair. William, w. Jean, 5 small ch.. from Leicester, now at house 

belonging to late Samuel Thomas. Dec. 21, '56. 
Ball, Caleb, w. and child, from Westminster. July I, 1761. 
Buck, Jonathan, w. Rachel, from Sutton. 
Butler, James, from Charlton now at James Glasford's. 
Barret, John, from Rutland, Oct. 26. 1762. 
Barracks, William, from Shrewsbury. Oct. '63. 
Brown. Sene. from Sudbury. 
Brown. Abigail, from Brookfield. 
Barns, Betty, from Concord. Nov. 1765. 
Belknap. Joseph, from Holden. June 30, 1766. 
Bradley, John, 7 years old, with Timothy Biglo from Boston. Jan. 

I. 'i7('7- 
Brooks. Joseph, from Boston. Oct. 17, 1766, 
Crosby, Sarah and young child. 
Coomes, Jane, indigent. 
Crosby, Sarah, w. of David 4 or 5 ch. 

Chandler. Jonathan, Jr., Catharine, Sarah and mulatto child 
Cutting, George, aged, now with Williatn McClellan. 
Crasset, John, w. and children, from Douglas, now at Capt. Thomas 

Stearns. 
Collar, Abigail, from Shrewsbury, at house of Samuel Hibbert. 

Jan. 10, 1757. 
Carril, Rosanna, w. of John, dau. Sarah. 
Cook. Thomas, w. from Newton. July I. 1761. 
Crawford, Martha, from Leicester. May i, '65. 
Con. Rose, from Westborough. March, 1765. 
Duncan. John, w. and child. 
Dutton, Hannah, widow, from Billerica. 

Dix. Elijah, from Firringham. Berkshire County. March 25, 1765. 
Eager. .Solomon, w. and fainily, from Marlboro now at Daniel 

Barns. 
Elitrap, Elizabeth, from Boston. Sept. 8, 1760. 
Freeland, James, w. Mary, now in John Watson's and Zachariah 

Brown's house. 
Farnsworth, Reuben, w. several small ch. at James Holmes'. 
Farmer. William, w. children, from Lancaster, now at Dr. Nahum 

Willard's. 
^753 May 8 Fessenden, Mary, minor, in care of Mrs. Mary Fessenden, from 

Boston. 



I76I 


Aug. 


18 


1762 


May 


II 




Nov. 


2 


1767 


Jan. 


6 


1745 


May 


14 


1752 


Aug. 


18 


175.3 


May 


8 


I7.S7 


Feb. 


I 


1761 


Aug. 


18 




Nov. 


3 


1762 


Nov. 


2 


1763 


Mav 


10 


1765 


May 


21 


1766 


May 


II 




Aug, 


19 


1767 


Jan, 


6 


174.S 


Feb. 


26 




Nov. 


5 


1746 


May 


13 


I7S2 


Aug. 


18 


1749 


Feb, 




1757 


Feb, 


I 


1760 


Nov, 




1761 


Aug. 


18 


1765 


May 


21 


1766 


May 


II 


1743 


Feb. 


I 


1760 


May 


2 


1766 


May 


II 


1759 


May 




1760 


Nov, 




1744 


Dec. 


8 


1749 


Feb. 




1752 


May 


12 



AND ITS PEOPLE 39 



I7SS 
1760 

1767 


Mav 
MaV 

Nov. 
Jan. 


13 
2 

6 


1740 
1753 


May 
Aug. 


29 

2\ 


1755 


Nov. 
May 


5 
13 


1-57 
1757 


Feb. 
Feb. 


I 
I 


1762 

1765 
1766 
1767 


Nov. 
Mav 
MaV 
Jan. 




21 
I I 

6 



Farmer. Abigail, poor, now at Capt. Thomas Stearns'. April 17. 1755. 

Fiske, Jonathan, w. and chr. Also John. 

Fleming. Sarah. 

Farnsworth, Aaron, from Groton. Aug. I7«)6. 

Fitts. Samuel, from Sutton. May 176(). 

Glasford. Miriam, from Leicester, now at James Glasford's. 

George. Sarah, minor, at either John Stearns, Jr.'s, or Ca|)t. John 
Stearns'. From Groton or Harvard. 

Gilmore, David. 

Gamble, Joseph, w. and child, poor, from Frammgham. Middlesex 
Co., Apr. 7, 1755. 

Gleason, Isaac. \v. Mary, ch. Dorothy, Lucy. 

Gourley, Thomas, w. Catharine, ch. John, William. Thomas. Jere- 
miah. Jan. 3, 1757. 

Goodenow. .Abigail, Oct, i. 1762. 

Gregory, Margaret. 

Gale. Daniel, 14 years old. from Sutton. .April, 1765. 

Griggs. John. w. ch. Mehitable, William, Gideon, Amia. 

Griggs, Samuel, David and other, from Dedham. May. 1766. 
1740 Feb Hull, lames, w. and several small ch. at Widow Sprout's. .Agam 

Nov. 6, 1753, in house belonging to heirs of Jonathan Grout, de- 
ceased, came from Sutton, and resided in Worcester si.x or seven 
months. 

Hawthorn, Silas, w. 2 ch., from Rutland, Mch, 1757. now at \\ illiatn 
Walker's. Sept. 5. '56. 

Holden, Rachel, widow. March, 1761. 

Hull, . widow, ch., from Sutton. June. '61. 

Howard. Hannah, from, Sutton. Feb. 1764. 

Holmes, William, w. Mary, from Woodstock. Jan. 10, 1765. 

Henry, Elizabeth, from Shirley. Oct. 1764. 

Haven. Daniel, w. and ch. Stephen Mansfield, from Dedham. April, 

Hayden. Jolin. Child, from Boston, now with John Xewton. Feb. 

24. 1766. 
Harbach. Thomas, from Sutton. .April 14, '66. 
Hayden. Deborah, from Sudbury. Mch. 24. '66. 
Hoidin. Daniel, w. Jemima. Nov. 25, 1766. 

Kennedy. Thomas, w. ch , from Easton, Bristol Co. May 9, 1755. 
Knap. lianiel, w. children. 

Knight, .Azael, w. Luce, from Stow. .April. '62. 
Kneel,' John, from Hingham. Feb. 1764. 
Kelly, Lawrence, transient. June, 1764 
Lycett, . w., from Woodbury. Conn., now at Joseph Smith's. 

Feb. 12, 1754. 
Lyon. Ebenezer, w., from Sutton. April, 1766. 

Lewis. . from Boston. .Aug. i, 1766. 

McFin? Martha. Again Feb. 26, 1745. 

McMains, Robert, w. Elizabeth, dau. ,Azubah. June. '44. Now in 

Geo. Herrington's house. 

1765 Aug. 20 Miller, Isaac, w. Sarah, ch. Sarah. Patience, Tillotson. Joseph. Isaac, 

Marshall, John, Katharine. William, from Shrewsbury. Aug. 

12, '65. 

1755 Nov. 5 McNeal, Henry, w. Mary, from Boston. Suffolk Co.. very poor. 

Jan. 6, 1755. 
May 13 McDonald. Nicholas, w. indigent, from Charlestown. Middlese.K Co. 

.April 17, 17S5. 
Aug. 19 McWaters. John, w. ch. Elizabeth. Mary. James, indigent from 

Shrewsbury. June 23, 1755. 

1759 May 9 McNeil. Mary, from Boston, now at house of Jame- Quisjley. Aug. 

13. 1758. 

1760 May 2 Mills. Mary and child, from Hopkmton. 
1762 May II \[cDonald, , 2 ch., poor. 

Nov. 2 Mclntire. Judith, from Charlton, now at James Glas ford's house. 
1764 Aug. 21 Man. Obadiah, w., from Spencer. Sept. 1763. 

Maxey. William. Samuel, minors, from Ipswich. Apr. 26. '64. 
Maxey. Elijah, w. son Elijah. 

1766 May II McFadden. Margaret. 



1757 


Aug. 


It) 


I76I 


Nov. 


3 


1764 
1765 

1766 


Aug. 
May 
.Aug. 
May 


21 

2 

20 

II 


1767 


Jan. 


6 


1755 

I76I 

1762 
1764 


Aug. 

Tan. 

Nov. 

Aug. 

Nov. 

Aug. 


18 
6 

18 

2 

21 


1754 


May 


14 


1766 
1767 
1742 
1744 


Aug. 

Jan. 

Aug. 

Dec. 


19 
6 

17 
8 



1755 
1762 


Nov. 
May 


5 
II 


1767 


Jan. 


6 


1747 
J 752 


Nov. 
Feb. 


3 

4 


1753 


Nov. 


6 


1760 
1766 


May 

May 


2 
II 



40 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

1767 Jan. 6 McFadden. Francis, w. at William Oaks' house, from Bolton. 
March 4. 1766. 

Northgate. Esau. \v., 2 negroes. Jan. 6, 1755. 

Xewton. John. w. from Marlborough, now at house of David Cun- 
ningham. April 26. 1762. 

Nichols. Thomas and family, from Sutton. May, 1766. 

Peters. Aaron. Moses Peters is notified not to entertain him. 

Parker. Robert, w. children, now at Eliakem Rice's who is notified 
not to entertain him. 

Paul. Sarah, single woman, with child, from Union, in Colony of 
Connecticut. 

Perry, Joseph, w. and children, from Boston. 

Proctor, Ephraim, from Harvard. Dec. 1764. 

Paine. Sarah, widow, dau. Rosanna. from Bolton. Oct. 1765. 

Quirk. William, from Pomfret, Conn. March 19. 1765. 
1744 Dec. 8 Reed. Benjamin, w. Mary. Sept. 1744. Now in David Kindal's 
house. 

Roberts. John. \v. dau. about 12 years old. Also Philip indigent. 

Rutherford. John. 

Redman. Moses, from Lancaster. May. 1764. 

Randell. Benjamin, from Watertown. May, '66. 

Swan. Dudley Wade. 

Smith. Jacob, w. ch. from Country Gore. Grafton, and Worcester 
without the bounds of any town. Apr. 1759. 

Seager. Sarah. Sept. 2y. 1759. 

Stockwell. John, w. and child, from Sutton. 

Sanger. Solomon, from Watertown. June. 1764. 

Spring. Henry, w. Abigail, ch. Mary, Amos. Sarah, from Sudbury. 

Spring. Kezia. from Waltham. Oct. 1765. 

Stevens. Martha, age II years, from Holden. Sept. 1764. 

Tracer. Elizabeth. 

Tombs, a negro, w. Dutchess, from Turland. 

Tucker. Zephania, about 8 years old. son Stephen, from Leicester. 
.April I. 1765. 

Tucker. Martha, w. of Benjamin, ch. Benjamin. Jacob. Davis. Icha- 
bod. from Leicester. April 6, 1766. 

Verry, Francis, w. Children. 

Vennim. Matha. minor, from Ipswich. .April 26, 1764. 

Wood. Joseph, vv. Tabitha, ch. Joseph. Isaac. Elinor, Rebecca. June. 
1744. now in Obadiah Cooley's house. 

Whetcomb. Cyrus, w. and family, at house of the late Jonathan 
Lynds. From Leicester. 

Wilson. . widow, and child, from Lexington. Feb. 26. 1759. 

Walkup. Jemima, and young child, from Framingham. .April, 1762. 

Wait. John. w. Hannah, ch. Sarah. John. Daniel, Elizabeth, Ruth, 
Martha, from Framingham. April. 1762. Also Elizabeth, moth- 
er of John Wait. 

White. Peter, w. aged and infirm, from Shrewsbury. Nov. 1763. 

Whitney. Abigail. 2 ch. Also Ebenezer. all from Brookfielci. 

Wheelock. Dorcas, w. of Samuel, from Shrewsbury. Feb. 17. 1766. 

Walker. .Aaron, w. children, from Rutland. 

Willard. Elizabeth, from Grafton. May. 1766. 

Winch. David, from Holden. April 14. 1766. 

Homes of the Early Settlers. — Not many years ago a score of the 
dwellings erected by the early settlers were still standing. The number 
has rapidly diminished as one after another have made way for modern 
buildings. A few in the outskirts may remain among the landmarks of 
the city for a few years more. 

The Hancock Mansion. — This house was owned by Thomas Han- 
cock, who bequeathed it to Governor John Hancock at his death in K(U. 
The governor occupied it very little. Samuel \\'oodburn kept a board- 
ing house there from about 1"0 to 1T81, and from that time until 



1752 
1757 
1765 

1766 
1742 
1759 


May 
Feb. 
May 
Aug. 
Aug. 
May 


12 
I 
21 
19 
17 


1760 
1765 


Nov. 
May 
May 


6 

2 
21 


1766 


May 


II 


1743 
1764 

1765 


Feb. 
Aug. 

May 


I 
21 
21 


1767 


Aug. 


18 


1750 
1764 
1744 


May 
Aug. 
Dec. 


8 
21 

8 


1759 


May 




1760 

1761 
1763 


Mav 

Nov. 
May 


2 

3 
10 


1764 
1765 
1766 


Aug. 
Mav 
^fay 


21 
21 
II 


1767 


Aug. 
Jan. 


19 
6 



AND ITS PEOPLE 41 



.18"<?0 it was the lionu- of Governor Levi Linccihi. In 1840 it was sold to 
David S. Messenger, and removed to the corner of Grove and Lexington 
streets. The Moen mansion occupied the site in later years. 

Tile Salisbury ^Mansion. — The residence of Stephen Salisbury, first 
of the name, erected in Lincoln Square in 1 ■;■;(). is still standing. It is 
said to be one of the finest and best preserved specimens of colonial 
architecture in the countr}'. In recent years it has been the home of 
the Hancock Cluli and the Levana Clul). and in l^MS is being used liv the 
Red Cross. 

The Waldo ^lansion. — The large house on the corner of Belmont 
street and Lincoln Square became the home of the first Daniel Waldo 
when he came to this city in 1T82. His son. Daniel Jr., also lived there 
until 1S-.',S. Le\'i Lincoln Jr. occupied it for a time. It was used as a 
hotel from 1814 to the present time. lieforc the Kexnjlution, it is said, 
this house was owned by the Chandlers. 

Timothy Bigelow House. — On the corner of Main street and Lin- 
coln Square, opposite the Court House, stood from 1T49 to 18;i0 the 
ancient building that afterward stood on Prospect street. It was the 
home of Samuel Andrews, and later of Col. I'imothy P.igelow. his son-in- 
law, and Dr. Abraham Lincoln. 

The Bangs and Lynde Houses. — The home of Edward Bangs and 
that of his son. Hon. Edward D. Bangs, were south of the Andrews- 
Bigelow dwelling. Both these houses were moved in 18.")4 to the rear 
of the present liuildings. The widow of Rev, Ebenezer Grosvenor. min- 
ister at Harvard, occupied the house next south in 1T88 and later. Her 
daughter Mary married Edward D. Bangs. This estate previously 
belonged to Joseph Lynde. who came here in 1] o">. 

The Wheeler House. — Rev. Joseph Wheeler, register of probate 
from 1TT6 to K93. owned the two houses south of the Lvnde estate. 
(See Early Settlers). 

The Dix House. — Dr. Elijah Dix li\ed on the site of the Harrison 
Bliss estate on the west side of Alain street. l)efore the Revolution. 

The Baldwin House. — The old home of Xathan lialdwin. Ijuilt l)efore 
K60, was taken down \vhen the Thule building was erected. (See Proc. 
Soc. of Ant. ). 

The Green Alansion. — The brick mansion of Dr. John Green, at 248 
Main street, disguised with upper stories and various alterations, is occu- 
pied by Dr. Alfred E. P. Rockwell. 

Nathaniel Maccarty House. — On the site of the State Mutual build- 
ing was an ancient building, removed when the Brinley block was erected, 
to the corner of John and North .\shland streets. It was at one time 
occupied by Nathaniel Maccarty. 

The Paine Mansion. — The (Jaks. now owned by the I'ol. Timothy 
Bigelow Chapter. D. .-X. R. (q. v.) was Iniilt by Tinujth}- P;iine. It was 
begun just before the Re\'olution. but not completed until .after the war. 



42 HISTORY' OF WORCESTER 

It remained in the family until sold to the [jresent owners. It is a tine 
old house of excellent architecture, and well preserved. 

Mention of other old houses will be found in the chapter on Early 
Settlers, and beneath the engravings in this work. 




^ 






.^^ 



CHAPTER Vl 

Early Settlers — Their Ancestry and Descendants 

For the first time, an account is given of all the first settlers of the 
'town, of all the other settlers discovered here before the close of the 
Revolution; their ancestry almost without exception to the immigrant 
and their descendants to 1800 or later. AIan\ nf the families flid not 
remain here long; many left during the Rexohitiun or soon afterward 
when new towns were being settled all o\er Xew England and Xew 
York State. In some cases, such as the Rice, Curtis, Harrington, Perry, 
Salisbury, \\'aldo, Lincoln, McFarland, Bancroft, Barber, Barnard, Bige- 
low, Chandler, Chamberlain, Davis, Eaton, Gates, Goddard, Goulding, 
Grotit, Hamilton, Hey wood, Howe, Johnson, Lovell, ]^Iaccart\-, Merri- 
field, Newton, Paine, Putnam, Patch, Roper, Slater, .Stanton, Stone, 
Stowell, Tatman, Thomas. Trowbridge. Ward. \\'ess(;n. Whitney, Wil- 
lard and Woodward families, certain lines of descent witii l)iography of 
prominent individuals liave been brought down to tiie present gen- 
eration. 

There should be no difficulty in finding the ancestrx' of any descen- 
dant of the early settlers of Worcester. The results of more than a 
dozen years of constant work on the genealogies of New England fam- 
ilies are given in part in this chapter. The records of military service 
are given, but in some cases where no record is gi\en. further research 
of other than State records may be worth while. The record of civil 
-ofifices does not always include every position held. 

It has been necessary to use the utmost condensation of material. 
The name of the State has been omitted in the case of towns of Mas- 
sachusetts. Names of towns are al>l)reviated, when possible. ( )ther 
■common abbreviations, such as b. for born. d. for died, ni. for married, 
are used. Other abl>reviations used are : 



admr.. administrator 
beq., bequeathed : 
dan., daughter; 
d. y., died young; 
exr., executor ; 
exx., executrix : 
gdn., guardian ; 
gen., genealog}" ; 
g. s., gravestone ; 
admx., administratrix 



h. c, Har\-ard ' ullege ; 
non-couip.. iiiiii ((iiiipiis iiiciilis; 
n. f. k., nothing furtiier knijwn : 
prop., proprietor; 



q. v 
re 9'. 



see elsewhere : 
New England Historic-Genea- 
logical Magazine Register: 
s. p., \vithout issue : 
unm., unmarried ; 
Wor. or W., Worcester. 



As far as possible the present forms of spelling both given names 
-■and surnames has been used. The families are arranged in alphabetical 



44 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



order and, therefore, are not indexed elsewhere. .Menticjn of prom- 
inent citizens who came here after KUO will be found in the biographical 
chapters. The accessions to the ])0])ulation of the town and city from 
various races are given in subsequent chajiters. 

Adams. — William' Adams came from England in the shii) Elizabeth 
and Ann. May, lOJ.j, at the age of l") years: settled in Cambridge; 
removed to Ipswich. 

Adams, Nathaniel- (William'), b. about biH, died at Ipswich. 
1715. m. Mercy Dickinson. 

Adams, Nathaniel'' (Nathaniel-. Wm.'). b. at Ipswich. |-al\ 11. Hi.O; 
d. Aug. 31, 17;i(); is said to have lived in W'orcester. 

Adams. Samuel' (Nathaniel.- Wm.'), b. at Ipswich, June 'i^-K \Mi. 
settled in Worcester. He m. Mary Burley, who died in Worcester 
March o, 17 72, aged !S4 y. (g. s. ). His sons John and James lived in Sutton : 
Andrew in Grafton and Jonathan in Shrewsbury. Rufus. son of .\n- 
drew, lived in Worcester. 

Adams, Nathaniel* (Samuel', Xathl.-, Wm.'), b. Nov. Hi, 1 7 1 "^ at 
Ipswich; m. Martha Emerson: removed to Worcester in 1 7.")S. He 
was a Loyalist, one of the "'ri protestors" in 1774. and one of those oi - 
armed b}" the Committee of Safety and Correspondence in May. i;)"). 
and forbidden to depart the town. The W. records give c'lil Iren 1)\- 
wife Eunice: Sarah, 1). March 1"). 1744-."); Anna. bp. (adult?), luh' 
6, 1767. 

Adams, Nathaniel'' (Nathaniel, Saniuel'', Xatlil -, Wm ' ), iu:irr!ed in 
1751 Martha Whitmore of Bedford. (W as he the Loyalist, instead of 
his father, as stated in Rice's inscriptions?) Either he or his father died 
in 1776 (g. s. ). Ch. b. here: Wor. : Martha, b. Dec. i\. 175-.i: P.cttv. 
Jan. 9, 1754; Lucy, 1). Jan. ■>:'<. 175(i; Elizalieth. b. Jan. 1!). 1758. 

Adams, James (ancestry not traced) and wife Elizabeth had in 
Worcester: John, b. June 18. K4:>:Jaiues, b. June 16, 1745. w>o m at N. 
Braintree, Betsey Delano; was a soldier in the Revolution: re o\ t-d to 
Leicester; thence to New Braintree: and thence to Hardwick. \'t 

Adams, Charles (ancestry not traced) by wife Pr S'-illa '\'"ii' at 
Wor.: Martha, b. Mar. Ki, 1 7'39-;30 ; .\aron, .Mar. !i, i;:i5-;i: |o' n. l.ilv 
17, 1738; Charles, June i;i, 17 14: Isaac, Dec. 29, i:4;)-5() 

Adams, Charles Jr.- (Charles'), was b. at Wor.. June 13. WW. 
d. there Oct. 3, 1770; m. at Shrewsbury Feb. 8, i;64. .Abigail Dr r\-. 
who d. r)ct. (i. I79(i. in her 53d year (g. s. ). 

.\dams. Thomas (ancestrv not traced), had bv wife Ruth at Wor.: 
Mary, b. .\\>r. 13. 1^34; by wife Lydia; John, b. Jan. 21. 1744-5. 

.\dams, John, d. in Wor. .Sej). 23, 1843, aged 82 v.; his wife S\l\i:i 
d. Mar. 30, 1839, aged 74 y. (g. s. ). 

Alexander. — John and James .Alexander of this town were aniong 
the founders of Pelham, 1738. 

Allen. — Allen, James, a merchant of Boston, m. .Mar\- Adams T'Teir 
five sons were educated in the old Boston Latin .School under t'^e cele- 
brated John Lowell. Children: James, William. Roliert. Joseph. Samuel: 
and Marv. who married Re\-. losejih .\verv, minister of Holden. K I i- 
1824. 

Allen. Hon. Josejjh- (James'), was born in Boston, Sept. 2, 1^49, 
died here, Wor., Sept. 2. 1827 ; was ai)])rentice in store of Mr. Bass. Bos- 
ton: remoxed to Leicester. Xo\'. W. 177 1, and Icept a general store there; 



AND ITS PEOPLE 45 



111. (1) Ann, daughter of Jmlgt- Tliomas StfiMc. Slu- tl. May 10. lT^j, 
and he ni. {■■i) Dorothy Kingslniry. <huightcr (jf l.cniucl and Dorothy, 
of East Hartford, Conn. He was active whilr in Leicester in resisting 
the oppression of the British government. I iider the new provincial 
government he was apjiointed in 1T1<) clerk of courts ni this count_\ and 
moved to Worcester; filling this office :!:> vears. until isio. when he 
was elected to Congress, lie was e.xecutixe councillor from ISL") to 
1818, and twice a presidential elect<ir: member <>i the .State constitu- 
tional convention of K8(l; first treasurer of LeicesH'r .\cadem\. n84 to 
18 l!t ; first president of Worcester Count)' Bible .Society. He, his wife Dor- 
othy and children. .Maria, who died in 18-<;o, aged 20 y.. Elizabeth, Charles 
and James, were Iniried in the Mechanic St. burying ground. He resided 
first in the house then just vacated by .Attorney Cien. James Putnam, 
corner of Main and I'ranklin streets; aliout Ksd he built a house at 
north corner of Main and Thomas, and lived there until i;!M», when he 
moved to corner of Main and Pearl streets, residing there until he died. 
Children, by first wife: Joseph and Thomas; b. in Wor. bv wife Dor- 
othy; Ann. b. Nov. 10, i::8; Thomas, Oct. 8. KSO; h:iiz;dieth, bapt. 
Aug. 4, 178'.^; James, b. Mar. Ui, 178 1 ; Elizabeth, b. .\hn- VJ. n8il; Sam- 
uel, I). Nov. 2-i. i:8:t; William, b. Dec. I'.i. 1 ;'.)(); (It-orge, b. Feb. 1, 
KSl'i; Maria, bapt. Aug. II. r.;>:;; (/liarles, Ik ( )ct. l".'. n'.»4; lames, bapt. 
Jan. V!0, i:i)!i. 

Allen, Joseph ijosejih-, James" 1, was born in Leicester; graduated 
from Harvard in ITKv;; jiracticed law in Worcester, Warren and Charles- 
town, N. H., where he d. in KSOli. 

Allen, Rev. George'' (Jose])h-, James') was b. in W. l''eb. 1, 1T93; 
attended Leicester Academy ; (Yale graduate ) A. B. |8l:i; studied the- 
ology under Rev. Dr. Andrew Yates at L'nion College ; t;iught school at 
Albans; licensed to preach 1817, missionary in Holland Purchase, N. Y., 
and preached at Waterloo, N. Y., in 181 11, also at Aurora, .X. Y. ; ordained 
at Shrewsbury, Xov. 1!», 182:!, colleague of Rev. Dr. Joseph Sumner, 
afterward pastor until 18:!!), then chaplain of State Lunatic Hospital 
from J843 to 187-,;. .\t a meeting eif citizens of Worce^^ter in 1848 in 
opposition to the nominations of Lass and I'aylor. he intriiduced a reso- 
lution containing a jjhrase that became famous: "Resohed, That ALassa- 
chusetts wears no chains, and spurns all bribes: that Massachusetts goes 
now and will ever go, for free soil and free men. for free lips and a free 
press, for a free land and a free world." 4'he sentiment was afterward 
incorporated in the platform of the National Eree Soil i)art\'. 

He m. in 1817. Eliza, daughter of Elisha and Elizabeth Pitkin of 
Enfield, Conn. Their three children died \<.)ung. 

Allen, Hon. Charles" (Joseph-), was 1)'. in W. Oct. ^■>. 17!il; studied 
law in office of .Samuel M. Burnside. and was admitted to the bar in 
Aug., 1818; ])racticed until 18"24 in New Braintree ; then removed to 
Worcester and was in partnership with John Davis until 1831. He was 
chairman of selectmen in 18;!2 ; in State legislature 1830-;3;J-3.:i and -40; 
senator in 1836 and 1837 ; judge of Court of Common Pleas. 1843 to 
1844, and declined appointment* to the Supreme Court ; presidential 
elector in 1844; in Congress from 1849 to 1853; chief justice of Superior 
Court from 1858 to 18G8. He was a member of the commission to fix 
the northeast boundary line of the United States ; member of the Massa- 
chusetts constitutional convention of 1853 and of the National Peace 
Congress at Washington in ISfJl. He was a delegate to the Whig 
national convention of 1848, and defeated the nomination of Hon. Abbot 



46 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Lawrence of Mass. for vice-president, offered as a condition if that 
State should support Gen. Taylor for president. He said : "You have 
put one oimce too much upon the strong back of northern endurance. 
You have even presumed that the State which led the first revolution for' 
liberty will now desert that cause for the miserable boon of the vice- 
presidency. Sir, Massachusetts spurns the bribe." Millard Fillmore was 
nominated by ll.") votes against 105 for Mr. Lawrence. 

He married Eliza James, daughter of Eleazer James of Barre. Their 
daughter Jose]jhine married Henry C Rice. 

Allen, M,ajor Samuel' (Joseph-), was born in \V. Nov. 'i'i, 1(89,. 
died here Feb. 18, 18G3 ; married Maria A. Merrick, sister of Judge 
Pliny Merrick and daughter of Pliny and Ruth C. Merrick of Brook- 
field; their daughter Frances N. married Samuel F. Haven of Wor. He 
was for some years a merchant here, afterward sec. of the Manufacturers 
Mutual Fire Ins. Co. 

.\llen. Samuel- (JamesM. was born in Boston in 1757, and came to- 
Worcester in 177(1; married Elizabeth, daughter of Dr. John Honeywood 
of Leicester, a native of England, surgeon in the American army in the 
Revolution; married (2), a daughter of Gen. Timothy Newell of Stur- 
bridge. He succeeded Nathan Perry as county treasurer and served 
from 1781 until he died, Dec. 2(>, 1830, a period of 49 years. Was. a mem- 
ber of the Fire Society. 

Rev. Benjamin Allen, one of the early proprietors of the town, was- 
pastor of the Bridgewater church, Oct. 7, 17'^4, when he sold his land in 
W. to Thomas Fo.xcroft of Boston. 

Andrews. — Thomas' Andrews came from England, and was in Wa- 
tertown in 1631 with wife Rebecca; removed to Cambridge in 1645. 

.Andrews, Daniel- (Thomas'), was b. at Watertown, 1643; lived in. 
Salem ; died Dec. 3, 1711 ; m. Sarah Porter. 

Andrews, DanieF (Daniel-, Thomas'), bapt. at Salem Village, 1686; 
m. (1) Hannah Peabodv ; (2) Feb. 12, 1701-2, Elizabeth Peabodv. He 
died Feb. 6, 1717-8. 

Andrews, SamueP (Daniel*, Daniel", Thomas'), was b. July 12, 
1715, at Salem village; a tanner in Salem, Wenham and Worcester; m. 
1739 Anna Rankin of Wenham. He died in Worcester in 1771. Chil- 
dren, born in W'orcester: Anna, Mar. 31, 1746; m. Col. Timothv Bige- 
low (q. v.); Samuel, Mar. 4, 1747-8; Elizabeth! May 27, 1753; m. June 
1, 1772, Edmund Heard. 

Andrews, Benj., m. Feb. 10, 1785, Sarah Blair in Holden (record 
in W.). Member of the Fire Society. 

Anderson. — John Anderson was here for a short time. He was 
Scotch-Irish. He m. Oct. 26, 1757, Elizabeth McCracken of this town. 

Baird. — Thomas' Baird or Beard, came from W'oburn to Mendon,. 
about 1714; m. Hannah, dau. of William and Hannah Green. He was 
probably born in Boston, Sept. 23, 1681, son of Aaron. Children: 
Thomas; Hannah and others. 

Baird, Thomas- (Thomas'), b. at Woburn, Aug. 22, 1708, d. at 
Auburn, Apr. 29, 1782; wife Elizabeth d. there Apr. 23, 1782. He lived 
in Leicester 1735-45, perhaps longer. Ch. : Thomas, b. Feb. 17, 1736 ; John, 
b. Mch. 25, 1739. m. Sept. 19, 1767, at W. Sarah Earle of Leicester; 
Daniel, b. 1742; Isaac, b. Mch. 8, 1745; Mary, d. unm. Mch. 22, 1802, 
aged 67 y. 

Baird, Thomas^ (Thomas% Thomas'), m. here Apr. 10, 1766, Mehit- 
able Boyden and had: Thomas, b. Jan. 7, 1767; Azubah, Jan. 4, 1772.. 




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AND ITS PEOPLE 47 

Rem. to Aul)urn (Ward). Children iiientii>iuil in will: Martha. Mary, 
Azubah, Sophia, Relief. 

Baird, Daniel' (Thonia.s-. Thomas'), b. X'A'i. d. here Dec. H, 1S19 
(g. s.) ; m. here Dec. 'i. ITti^. Jane Smith : kept a tavern on the road from 
Wor. to ("irafton ; sergt. in Capt. Benj. Flagg's co. 1776 and private in 
Capt. Chadwick's co. 1777, in Rev.; delegate to convention at Paxton 
to frame address to inhabitants of Commonwealth, 1786, and committee 
to instruct re]>. to Cen. Ct. ; an active patriot, member of the American 
political societ}- ; selectman. 17Sj-!)(l. Wife d. .\pr, •"), 1811 (g. s.). Ch. 
b. here: Patty, b. Dec. Vi. 1768. m. Feb. i:i. 1794, Leonard Kimball: 
Daniel, b. Aug. 'li\. 177 1 : John, b. Nov. 1."), 17 7o, m. Lucretia Harrington: 
James, b. May 16, 1776; Thomas, b. June 2.3, 17711; Lewis, b. May 31, 
178;5; Betsev' b. Feb. 14, 1786, m. Sep. 18, 18(is. Rufus Wesson: Polly, 
b. Apr. -20, 1788. 

Baird, DanieP (Daniel', Thos.-, Thus.'), ni. at .Shrewsbury, Apr. 14, 
1793, Betsev Mixer: ch., b. here, W.: Relief, b. julv 27, 1793'; Polly, b. 
Sep. 2, 1706; Lucy, b. Feb. 7, 1799. 

Balcom. — Henry Balcom owned land in WUrcester. His daughter 
Elizabeth married Gershom Rice, (jershom and Elizabeth Rice deeded 
to her brothers John and Joseph Rice of .Sudbur\- their interest in the 
land of her father here, Wor., Nov. 12, 1709. 

Baldwin. — Baldwin, Nathan'' (Henry', Henry-, Henry'), settled 
here. He -was a man "active in mind, famous in deliate." (P. 624 Bald- 
win (^en.). His will was dated June 2, 1784, proved Aug. 3, 1784. He 

m. (1) .Sarah Oakes: (2) Lydia . Children, b. here: Nathan, b. 

July •"), K.-jS; Lydia, b. Dec. 22. 17.'J9, m. A])r. 13. 177.S, .Anthony Haswell ; 
Philena or Philomela, b. Nov. 1 1, 1761 : Abigail, 1). .\]ir. 24, 1763, m. Sept. 
13, 1780, Lsaac Flagg ; Mary, b. Mar. 22, 176,5, m. June 24, 1788, John 
Stacy; Katherine, b. Jan. 1, 1767, m. Nov. 14, 1786, Nathaniel Coolidge ; 
Abner, b. Sept. 24, 1769; Elizabeth, b. Aug. 6, 1771. 

David Baldwin of Sudburv bought land here of Nathaniel lones 
Aug. 20, 172.V 

Ball. — John' P.all. a native of England: settled in 16.J0, at Water- 
town; removed to Concord and died there in 16."i."). 

Ball, John- (John'), b. about 1620 in Eng., a tailor; m. (1) Eliza- 
beth Pierce: (2) Elizabeth Fox; removed from Watertown to Lancas- 
ter in 1(56."). He. his wife and infant were slain by Indians, Feb. 20, 1676. 

Ball. John' (John-, John' I, lived in Watertown; m. .Sarah Bullard. 

Ball, James' "(John< John-'. John'), b. at Watertown, Mar. 7, 1670; 
weaver; m. Elizabeth Fisher. He d. Feb. 22, 1729-30. 

Ball, John'' (James\ John'. John-, John'), b. July 22, 1697, d. at 
Worcester, Jan. 11, 1756; ni. (1) Abigail Harrington, who d. Nov. 2.'), 
1728; (2) Oct. 4, 1739, Lydia Perry, who d. Nov. 23. 1752. Children, 
mentioned in his will dated Jan. 9, 1756; Lydia; Anna, m. Ebenezer 
Bartlett ; James, Daniel, Samuel (soldier in Rev. from Worcester), 
Nathan, John, Josiah, Isaac. Jonathan, Jonas, Joseph, Mary. 

Ball, Josiah'"' (John'', James*, John', John-', John'), m. at W'. I'^eb. 
26. 1768, Esther Ward. (According to the W. records, a Joshua Ball, m. 
Nov. 16, 1769, Esther McFadden). Children of Josiah and Esther, b. 
here: William, b. Jan. 25, 1768; Daniel, bapt. Dec. 31, 1769; Wil- 
liam, bapt. Mar. 9, 1770; Esther, bapt. Oct. 16, 1771. 

Ball, Joseph" (John°, James*, John^, John-, John'), married at W. 
Oct. 12, 1780, Lucretia Stearns. He was a soldier in the Revolution; 
was living, 1825, at Concord, Vt. Children b. in W.: Betsey, b. July 30, 



48 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

1781; John, b. Nov. ]. i:83: Isaac, b. June 4, i:8.3: Mary, b. Aug. 6, 
1T86; Lucretia, b. (Jet. 28, 1T8T; Joseph, b. July 11, 1'8'J; Esther, b. 
Dec. 1?, IT'JO. 

Ball, John" (John', James\ John', John-, John\). had at \V. by wife 
Lydia: Jonathan, b. Apr. l(i, 174?; Jonas, b. Oct. 5. 1748; Joseph, Jan. 
10, 1750-1; Lydia, b. Jan. 21, 1770. fohn Ball Tr. of Xorthborough, m. 
here Apr. 19, 1792, Hannah Pierce. 

Ball, James" (John-', James^ John', John-, John'), m. at W. March 
2, 1758, Lydia Rice. Their son James was bapt. at W. Sept. 23, 1759. 

Col. John Ballantine. — One of the Quinsigamond committee, was 
grandson of William, a cooper from England, who m. July 2, 1G52, Han- 
nah HoUard, dau. of Angel. 

John- Ballantine, son of William', b. Sept. 29, 165:5, d. .\pr. 27, 1734; 
capt." of the Artillery Co.. col. of militia in 1GS2 ; m. Lydia Barrett of 
Cambridge; (2) Mary (Woodward) Saxton, who d. Nov. 10, 1740. 

Col. John^ Ballantine. son of John-, m. a daughter of Hon. Adam 
Winthrop, who was also on the committee. 

The family did not settle here permanently. 

Bancroft. — John' Bancroft, b. in Eng.. came in the ship James in 
1632. 

Bancroft. Thomas- (John'), m. 1G48 Eliza Metcalf. 

Bancroft. Thomas' (Thos.-, John'), m. 1673 Sarah Poole. 

Bancroft, SamueP (Thos.", Thos.-. John'), m. 1713, Sarah Lamson. 

Bancroft, Dea. Samuel"^ (SamueP, Thos.\ Thos.-, John^), was b. 
at Reading,. July 21, 1715, d. 1813, aged 97. m. 1735, Lydia Parker of 
Reading. 

Bancroft, Rev. Aaroii" (Dea. Samuel', SamueP. Thos.', Thos.^, 
John'), b. at Reading, Nov. 10. 1755. d. Aug. 19, 1839, at Worcester. He 
entered Harvard in 1774, l:)Ut the Revolution dispersed the students in 
1775, and he worked on his father's farm until Oct., 1775, when the stu- 
dents gathered again at Concord, returning to Cambridge after Boston 
was evacuated in 1776. He graduated in 1778 and in 1779 began to 
preach. In 1780, by invitation of Mr. Barnard of Yarmouth, Nova Sco- 
tia, and by permission of the executive council of Mass., he went there 
to preach and remained in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick three years. 
In 1783 he began to supply the pulpit of the Rev. Thaddeus Maccarty 
here during an illness of the pastor. In 1784 he preached at East Wind- 
sor, Ct. In March, 1785, a body of 77 persons formed the Second .Society 
here, and on the third Sunday of March in that year Mr. Bancroft began 
to preach, holding meetings in the court house. His salary at first was 
$500. He consented to become the minister June 7, 1785, and remained 
pastor more than 54 years. 

In sentiment he was a L'nitarian, a pioneer in that faith in this 
country, and for man\- years he stood almost alone. For this stand he 
was well fitted by his self-reliance and well-balanced mind. In defence 
of his faith he wrote and pul)lished much. In relation to a series of 
doctrinal discourses delivered in 1821 and printed at the request of his 
hearers. President John Adams thus expressed himself, Jan. 24, 1833 : 
"I thank you for your kind letter of Dec. 30th, and above all for the gift 
of a precious volume. It is a chain of diamonds set in links of gold. 
I have never read nor heard read a volume of sermons better calculated 
and adapted to the age and country in which it was written. How dif- 
ferent from the sermons I heard and read in the town of W'orcester from 
the year 1755 to 1758! You may well suppose that I have heard con- 



AND ITS PliOPLli 



49 



troversies ciiougli : but after nil 1 dfi-larc to ymi. that your twenty- 
nine sernKjns havi- rxpn'Sxcl tin- result ut all my rcadinj^, experience 
and reflections, in a manner mori- satisfactory to me than 1 coukl have 
done in the best days of my strength." ^\v. liancroft recei\ed the degree 
of 13. D. from Harvard in'lMO. 

He m. Oct. 'l\. Ksi;, i.ucretia rh.indler. li. June '-K K(i"i. daughter 
of John ("i). (See Chandler). Slu' "was in person tall and slender. 
She had dark comple.\ion and a keen hlack eye. Her temperament was 
nerxous and hilious. She was energetic and intelligent; had great col- 
loquial powers and ardent social feelings. It Is recorded of her in the 
last resting place of her mortal remains, in the Rural Lemetery, \\'<n'- 
cester: "\\'ith zeaknis and untiring sympathy she shared and relieved 
the pious labors of her husband and was n(jt long separated from him 
by an earlier summons to her reward. Jler ardent friendship, her actix'e 
benevolence, her many virtues and her efforts and sacrifices for the 
welfare of the Second Parish in Worcester should e\er be held in grate- 
ful remembrance." (Chandler Cen.. p. 4;ni. Children, b. here: 1. 
Henr_\-, b. ( )ct. S. lis;, d. ( )ct. Vii. isK. num.. sea captain, serxed under 
McDonough on Lake Champlain. Sept. '■'>. ISU. ".'. John Chandler, b. 
lune 21. nsil, d. ;it sea ISVl. master mariner t(.) V.. Indies, o. Kliza, l.i. 
Feb. n, 17!)1, d. Jan. "A. I.s;v'; m. Alar. -.'S. ^^■>■l. Hon. John Davis. 
(See Davis biography). -). Mary. b. June 1, i;'.):;, d. (.)ct. 11. ISJI. .j. 
Caroline, b. .\pr. ■.':'.. i;i)"i. (1. Thomas Ch:m<ller. Ii. Dec. •.'s. 1 ;!)(;. d. 
Feb. 14, l.s^; ; li\e(l in I'a.vton. \ . Jane I'utnam. b. .\o\-. \'l. KIKS, m. Do- 
nato Gherardi of Northampton, s. George, b. Oct. :!. ISOO: graduated 
from Harvard ISG (see biography), '.i. Lucretia. 1). May l'.>, 1S():5, m. 
Welcome Farnum of Waterford. 10. (,'harles. b. l-'eb. IS. l.s(),"i. d. .\iir. 
1."). bso.-). II. Sarah, b. lune o. ISOii. d. Dec. ■>:). IS.IS: m. |ohn R. Fdake. 

1-.'. Dorothy, d. y. 13." Anne, b. Oct. 31, 1809; m. 

professor in lackson College. La.: she d. in ls;)3. 



Dr. Charles Ingalls, 



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\V.— 1-4. 



50 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

George Bancroft (Rev. Aaron'', Samuel', SamiieP, Thomas', Thom- 
as-, John") was born in this city October 3, 1800; died January 7, 1891. 
He graduated at Harvard in 181T and received the degree of doctor of 
philosophy at Gottingen when he was but twenty years old. He returned 
to this country in 1822 and became a tutor in Harvard College. In 
1823 he published a volume of poems and in 1824 a translation of 
Heeren's "Politics of Ancient Greece," and in the same year with J. G. 
Cogswell established the celebrated Round Hill School at Northamp- 
ton. The first volume of his "History of the United States" was pub- 
lished in 1834; ten volumes of this great work were completed in 1874, 
forty years later, bringing the narrative to the end of the Revolution. 

In 1838 Mr. Bancroft was appointed Collector of the Port of Bos- 
ton. In politics he was a Democrat, and in 1840 he was the nominee of 
his party for governor of Massachusetts, but was defeated. He was 
prominent in the Transcendental movement. In 1845 President Polk 
called him into the cabinet as Secretary of the Navy, and he established 
the Naval Academy at .-\nnapolis. By his orders the navy took posses- 
sion of California and, while acting Secretary of War, he gave the order 
for General Taylor to cross the Rio Grande and invade Mexico. In 1846 
he was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary to England, and, while filling 
this office, he was given the honorary degree of Doctor of Civil Laws in 
1849 by the University of Oxford. Returning to this country in 1849 he 
made his home in New York City. In 186T he was appointed minister to 
Prussia, and in 1868 to the North German Confederation, and in 1871 to 
the German Empire. In 18()8 he received the honorary degree of Doctor 
Juris from the University of Bonn. He was a frequent contributor to 
the North American Review. In 1889 he published "Martin \'an 
Buren to the End of his Public Career." In 1882 he published "A His- 
tory of the Formation of the Constitution," in two volumes, completing 
his history as originally planned. 

A memorial stone in his honor was unveiled October 3, 1900, on the 
site of his birthplace in this city. Admiral Sampson was the guest of 
honor. All the patriotic societies of the city took part in the exercises. 
The principal speakers were Rev. Dr. Edward Everett Hale, and Gen. 
James Grant Wilson of New York. Stephen Salisbury presided. In 
accepting the memorial Mayor Dodge said : "Just pride do we feel that 
our city was the home of this statesman, philosopher and historian, great 
in things lasting, weak in nothing detracting from manhood, with a char- 
acter irreproachable, and all brilliancy of a career meritorious, bringing 
distinction to the Commonwealth's heart. It is our right to feel proud, 
it is a ])rivilege to erect this material reminder in token of his merits 
to the niemorv of a man so noted that the place of his birth has an inter- 
est for all." 

Bancroft, Rahani"* (Thomas'', Thomas-, Tohn'). m. (1) Abigail Eaton 
(2) Ruth Kendall. ' . 

Bancroft, David"' (Dea. RahanT*, Thos.\ Thos.-, John^), b. in Read- 
ing, Aug. 2, 1718, d. at Auburn, Apr. 16, 1782. He was one of the fore- 
most citizens during the Revolution, serving on the most important town 

committees in Worcester. He m. (1) Eunice who d. Oct. 15, 

1777: (2) Abigail who d. Jan. 4. 1779; (3) Ruth , Oct. 14, 

1779. She d. Aug. 2, 1809. Children: Eunice, m. Oct. 13, 1763. Na- 
thaniel Waters ; Ebenezer, m. Phebe Bancroft ; born here : David, b. 
May 6, 1743. m. (1) Abigail Waldo, (2) Bettv Chase of Sutton; Jonas, 
b. Oct. 26. 1744. d. Jan. 2. 1821, at Auburn:' ni. Sept. 15, 1769, Sarah 



AXn ITS PllOPLIl 51 

Blood of HoUis, X. H.; John, b. Dec. 10, 17i5-(i, m. Esther Merrifield, 
1:8 1 ; lonatlian, b. .Mav 25, i:.")0, rem. to tiardner; Marv, b. May 4, 1762; 
Ruth, b. .Mar. -.'-l. K.VS; Nathaniel, b. Mar. 18. 1758, "d. July 21, 1777; 
Timothy, b. Dec. 1. Kfio, lived in .Auburn: m. Alary Rice. 

Bancroft. Joshua' (Raham', Thomas-', Thomas-, John'), b. at Read- 
ing .Aug. 21), K12; Marv Lamson. Children: Raham, born here; Abi- 
gail. b.''.May 2(!, i:48: Kendall, b. Mar. i;{. i;5b 

Bancroft. Raham'' (Joshua', Raham*. Thomas'. Thos.-, Juhn'j, b. at 
Reading Apr. 11. 17:55; lii. Mar. 27. 1760. at Reading, Dolly Foster. Chil- 
dren b. here: .Samuel, b. Aug. 21. 1760; Daniel, b. Sept. 1, 1762; Thad- 
deus. b. Aug. L'?, 1764; Dolly, b. Mar. 5. 1766; Molly, b. Aug. 12, 1771; 
Joshua, b. Nov. 22, 17 73. 

Bancroft, Ebenezer'' (D;^vid"', Raham\ Thos.", Thus.-, John'), m. 
Sejjt. 1;, i;;2. Phebe Bancroft. Child b. liere : Ebenezer, 1). Sept. 
•' ? 1 ■^ '; 'i 

Bancroft. David' I Dea. Raham''. Dea. Thomas', Thomas-, John'), 
was b. in Reading, .\ug. 2. 1 ; 18. d. at Auburn, Apr. 16, 1782 ; lived in W. ; 

m. (1) Eunice . d. (Jet. 15. 1777: (2) Abigail , d. Jan. 4, 

i::!i: C-U Ruth Stone, Oct. 14, 17 79, and she d. .Aug. 2, 1809. His will 
dated Dec. 15, i;<si, proved May 6, 1782. mentions children: Eunice who 
m. C)ct. bS. 176:). Nathaniel Waters, and Ebenezer, besides the follow- 
ing b. in Wor. : David, b. Mav 6, 174.3, m. Bettv Chase of Sutton ; Jonas, 
m. Sept. 15, 1761), Sarah Blood of Hollis. b. Oct! 26. 1744; d. Jan. 2, 1821; 
John. b. Dec. 10. 1745-6. m. Esther Merrifield in 1781; Jonathan, b. May 

25. 1750. rem. to Gardner: Mary, b. Mav 4, 1752, m. Sept. 5, 1771, Wil- 
liam Bancroft: Ruth, b. Mch. 24, 1756:' Nathaniel, b. Mch. 18, 1758, d. 
July 24, 1777: Timothy, b. Dec. 1. 1760, lived in Auburn, m. Mary Rice. 

Bancroft. Joshua'' (Dea. Raham''). b. at Reading 1712: m. Mary 
and had here: " .Abigail, b. .May 2(;. 1748: Kendall. Mch. bl. i:51. 

Bancroft. Raham'' (Raham'). b. at Reading: m. Mch. 27. 1760. at 
Reading. Dollv'' Foster, b. 17:$8. (Jonathan'. Samuel'. .Samuel-, John') 
(p. 711 Foster C^en. ). 

Ch. b. here, W.: Samuel, b. .Aug. 21, 1760: Daniel, b. Sep. 1. 1762; 
Thaddeus, b. Aug. 13. 1764; Dollv, b. Mch. 6. 1766: Molly, b. .Aug. 12, 
17 71 : Joshua, b. Nov. 22. 177:'.. 

Barber. — Kcibert and Matthew B.arber. .Scotchmen, came to Mass. 
probablv with the Scotch-Irish of IW'S or soon afterward and seem to 
have been closelv related. Matthew settled in .Shrewsbury and Westfield. 

Barber. Robert', settled first in what is now Weston; m. (int. Feb. 

26. 1726-7) .Sarah Grav of Wor. He was a clothier. His wife joined the 
church at \\"eston. Feb. 'i(\. i;2ii-7. They moved to Wur. in I7:il and he 
d. here .Sept. 27. K'i'.i. aged 6!i y. She d. here June !». K!»(). aged 86 y. 
He was guardian of Robert Barber, son of Matthew, who died at West- 
field, apjiointed -Aug. Hi. 17 44. His will dated June 23. 1769. bequeaths 
to wife Sarah, children James. John. Matthew Joseph, William, Benja- 
min, Sarah (wife of Daniel McFarland ) Hannah. Margaret (wife of 
Michael Richmond) and to granddaughter Sarah Richmond. Robert 
Barber liought 90 acres of Isaac Sawyer in the south part of W. CThil- 
dren : 

1. Tames, mentioned below : Elizabeth, b. .April 3, 1729 ; Matthew, 
mentioned below: .Sarah, bapt. at W'eston. Julv 26. 1730. m. Daniel 
McFarland: John. b. Dec. 23. 1731; Martha, b. Aug. 2. 1733; Nancy, b. 
April 10. 173.5. d. .Sep. 25. 1756; Mary. b. Sept. 23. 1736. d. Sep. 26. 1756, 
(g. s.).: Joseph, b. Apr. 25, 1738. res. at Northville; had Silas and Wil- 



52 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Ham (the father of \V. T. Barber) ; William; Benjamin; Hannah; :\Iar- 
garet, m. Michael Richmond. 

Barber, Matthew- (Robert'), m. here, :^Iar. 16, 1T5S, Hannah Mc- 
Farland. He lived in what is now called Northville. Ch. b. in \\'.: 
Daniel, bapt. Aug. 12, IT.ji); Sarah, bapt. Mar. 15, ITGl: William, bapt. 
Apr. U, 17(i.j; Nelly, bapt. Sept. 20, KOT ; Hannah, bapt. May lo, ITTO. 

Barber. James- (Robert^), was bapt. at Weston Jan. 4. 1T3T-8. He 
lived here on Brooks St. He d. Mch. 30, 1812, aet. 8-3 (g. s.). His son 
James afterward had the homestead. His 2d wife Mary Ann d. Oct. 
11, 1802, aet. 67 y. By wife Miriam he had at W.: Robert, bapt Aug. 
26, 1759; James, "bapt. Nov. 15, 1764; William, bapt. May 1, 1767; Sarah, 
bapt. luly 31, 1768; Thomas, bapt. Feb. 16, 1772; David, bapt. March 
11, i;;3; Mary Ann, bapt. May 30, i;7!i. 

Barber, John\, born in 1714, may be the John Barber born in Boston 
June 30, 1714, son of Thomas and Elizalieth. If so, he was not related to 
Matthew and Robert Barber mentioned above. He m. in Boston Oct. 
7, 1736, Lydia Stimpson ; settled in Worcester soon afterward. Chil- 
dren i)v wife Lvdia: Lydia. m. Nathaniel Brown Dodge; Mary. b. 
1740, m. Jonathan Bollard. Born in W.: John, b. March 12, 1742; 
Sarah, b. Feb. 12, 1744, m. Samuel Bullard ; Rebecca, b. April 30. 1746, 
m. Daniel Boyden ; Ebenezer, b. Aug. 1, 17411, mentioned below ; Abigail, 
b. June 1, 1752; m. Thomas Rice; Silas, b. Apr. 1, 1754. 

Barber, Ebenezer- (John'), born in W. Aug. 1, 1749; m. at Holden 
Apr. 9, 17 78, Marv Fletcher of H. Thev removed to Peterborough, N. 
H. Children b. at W. : Mollv. b. Mav 13, 1779; Silas, b. Jan. 28. 1781; 
Ebenezer. b. Feb. 21, 1783; John, b. Feb. 14, 1785; Joel, b. Oct. 2, 1787; 
Levi, b. Jan. 24, 1790; Betsey, b. Mar. 28, 1792; Nancy, b. Dec. 6, 1794; 
.Samuel, b. May 2, 1802; Lydia .S. m. Joel Hervey ; Isaac went to St. 
Johnsl)Ury. \'t. ; Joseph settled in Angelica. X. Y., m. Caroline Breck 
Allen, died in V't. 

Barber, John= (John'), born in W. March 12, 1742. d. May 27. 1776: 
m. Dec. 1, 1768, Patience Gleason, dau. of Isaac. They moved to Guil- 
ford, \'t., where she m. (2) Timothy Root. Ch. b. in W.: Isaac, b. 
Aug. 27, 1769; [ohn. b. julv 5, 1771;'Moses. b. March 14, 1773; Aaron, 
b. Oct. 21, 1775. 

Barber, Silas- (John^). b. at W. April 7. 1754; d. April 19. 1850; 
m. Oct. 19. 1780. Prudence Rice of Barre ; removed in 1780 to Peter- 
borough, N. H. 

Barber, John (not a son of John', Robert' or Matthew', but prob- 
abl\- a nephew of one of them), had in W. bv wife Hannah; John. b. 
Oct. 12, 1742; Oliver and Samuel, bapt. April 30. 1745; Nathan, b. 
Feb. 8, 1747; Ephraim. b. May 20, 1748. 

liarber, Joseph'- (Robert'), was born in Worcester. April 25, 1738, 
and died here June 29, 1811, aged 73 years (gravestone). He was an 
original member of the American Political Society ; a member of the 
Worcester Committee of Correspondence in 1778-9; a delegate with 
David Bigelow to a convention held at Concord in 1779 to devise meas- 
ures for the relief of the people from the effects of the depreciation of 
the currency; selectman in 1780. He was called of Westfield when 
he married here, October 1, 1761, Martha McFarland of this town. She 
died April 7, 1781, aged 39 years, eight months, 22 days (gravestone). 
He married, second, Elizabeth McClenathan ( McClellan) of Palmer. 
She died here May 28. 1815. aged 65 years (gravestone). Children by 
first wife, born here; Joseph, bapt. Sept. 13, 1767; Rufus, bapt. Sept 



AXD ITS PEOPLE 



53 



24, i:i;!i; .Matthew, bapt. Fch. V, Kl^; Sanuicl, Ijapt. March ;i. irTT; 

Mary, 1). May v!0, i:7!l, ni. Nov. 11, 1S()2, John Doilivt-r. Hy second 

wife: William, born July !), i:,sl; Silas, March I"), KSii, mentioned 

below; Robert, b. Jan. l.'i, Ks,s. 

r.arber, Silas' (Joseph-, Robert'), was born here, March l.j, 1 mS6 ; 

married Dec. 29, 1814, Hannah Stowell ((]. v.). He lived on a farm at 

what has been known since his day as Barber's Crossinjj;. He is said to 

have been the first to make I)rick moulds in Worcester and he built a 

gallows for the count}-. 

He married Decemljer •.':», 1,S14, Hannah Stowell. (Children, born 

in Worcester: Elizabeth AIcC"lenathan, born Sept. '!'. . 1X15; George 

Augustus, b. Sept. 4, lISl!): Julia .\nne, 1). October ;, l,s-..'l, married jo- 

sejih E. Bond. (See Frederick Converse l)iograi)h\- 1. William Thomas, 

b. Jan. 1, 1824. 

Barnard. — John' Barnard came froni Ipswich, Eng., with wife I'helie 

and sons John and Samuel in 1(;:!4; settled in Watertown. lie died 

there Mar. 4. 1646; she died in Hi.S."). 

Barnard, John- (John'), b. 16:jl, ni. Nov. l."i, lii.')4, Sarah Fleming, 

and li\ed in \\'atertown. 

Barnard, James-' (John-, John'), born Jan. 14. HWHI-:; m. Dec. 16, 

16li-.\ Judith Jennison, eldest sister of William, the first judge of Wor. 
I'.arnard. Isaac^ (James-, John-, John'), b. Mar. i:>. i;()l-2; m. X'ov. 

15, i;-i6, Sarah Stearns, sister of Prudence, who m.-irrird b'rancis Har- 
. rington of Wor. He removed to (jrafton aiiout J ;.'!(), later to what is 
now Millbury, and finally to Wor. He was justice of the ])eace and cap- 
tain ; Icnal at the time of the Revolution, one of the signers of the famous 
"protest" and of the "recantation," Sept, .J, irT4. He died Mar. 18, 1788, 
aged 81 y. His wife d. Apr. I). 1806, aged !); v. Children: Isaac, b. 
May 2:. 1:27; Sarah, b. Mav 11, 1(2!), m. Rev. 'lames Wellinan; [ona- 
than, b. Mar. 31, 1:32; Joshua, b. Dec. 4, i;34"; SoIoukju, b. Mav lo, 
173: ; Hannah, b. Oct. 3, i;:!!l. m. Rev. .\rchibald Camiibell ; Marv, b. 
Sept. 13, ir41; John, b. Aug. II, i:43; F'hebe. b. 1 : 46 ; Judith, b. i:.-)l, 
m. Thaddeus Chamberlain, Jan. 2i, 1T74. 

I^arnard, Capt. John-' (Isaac\ James', John-. John'), was b. .\ug. 11, 
1743; m. Oct. 3(J, 1TC6, Sarah Fiske, and" settled in Wor. about 1771, 
becoming a prominent citizen, holding various town ofifices, owning 
much land. He was collector of taxes and one of the school committee. 
He died Sept. 13, 1830, aged 87 v. His wife d. Feb. 4, 1834, aged 84 y. 
Children: Sarah, b. Feb. 2, 17 70; Pollv, b. Feb. 13, 1773; Lewis I, 
Dec. 2.), 1776. 

Barnard. Capt. Lewis'' ( |ohn ', ]saac\ [ames'-, )ohn-, |ohn'), was 
b. at Wor. Dec. 2."), 17 76; m.'Dec. O. is()-i, Bathsheba, dau of Ebenezer 
Lovell. Barnard was i)rominent in town affairs; one of the committee 
that selected the site for the ])Oor farm; selectman in 1830-31; on the 
committee that built the Thomas .St. school house in 1S3I, and on the 
committee that enlarged the town hall in 1838. He died .ViJril 6, 1853; 
his wife Aug. 13, 1847. Children, 1). in Wor.: John, b. Oct. 14, 1803; 
Ebenezer Lovell, b. Mar. I'.i. 1805; Eliza, b. Mar. 23, 1811; Lewis, b. 
May 15, 1816; Harriet, b. AL-iy 17', 181!»; Mary, b. Nov. 22, 1821; m. 
Adam L. Harrington. 

Barnard, Lewis' (Capt. Lewis", John\ Isaac*, James', John'-', John'), 
was b. in Wor. May 15, 1816, d. Mar. 31, 1897. For many years "he was 
senior partner of Barnard & .Sumner, dry goods dealers, and the succeed- 
ing firm, Barnard, Sumner .•<: Putnam. He attended the Templeton 



54 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

High School and Leicester Academy. He engaged in the dry goods 
business in 1839 in Springfield and continued there until 184"^ In 1S4T 
he became associated with Henry H. Chaniberlin in the dry goods busi- 
ness. His partners afterward were George Sumner and Otis E. Putnam. 
When the business was incorporated in ISDO he was chosen president. 
He was for five years a member of the lioard of aldermen and from 1870 
to 1873 representative to the General Court, chairman of the Committees 
on Railroads and Insurance. He was a director of the City Bank : the 
Bay State Fire Insurance Co., the Manufacturers Mutual Fire Ins Co. : 
the Boston, Barre & Gardner R. R. Co. and trustee of the Mechanics 
Savings Bank. He married, Sept. 2, 183!>, Mary Ann, daughter of Ro- 
land and Annie (Clark) Parkhurst. One son, John Clark, and two 
daughters, Mary Flora and Helen Josephine survived tiieir parents. 

Barnard, Capt. John', brother of Lewis', was 1). in \Vor. Oct. 14, 
1803; m. May 18, 1826, Sarah Rice Bigelow. b. Dec. 23. 1S()(), dau. of 
Walter and Judith (Trowbridge) Bigelow. Captain Barnard was a 
farmer and was also engaged in the roofing business, estaldishing the 
business still conducted by his son George A. Barnard. Children, b. in 
Wor. : Andrew Bigelow, b. Feb. 15, 182? ; John Fiske. 1). April 23. 1829 ; 
George Augustus, b. January 18, 1833. 

Barnard, George Augustus** (Capt. John", Capt. Lewis'', John'', Is- 
aac^, James-', John-, John'), b. in Wor. Jan. 18, 1833. He has always 
lived in the house in which he was born, corner of Millbrocjk and liurn- 
coat streets. He attended the old Adams Square pul:)lic school and a 
private school. At seventeen he went to work as a clerk in the gro- 
cery store of Adolphus Baylies, but three years later returned to his 
father's farm and was also associated with his father in the roofing bus- 
iness to which he succeeded. In 1886 he bought the sheet metal business 
of Henry C. Fish, Union Street. Mr. Barnard manufactures all kinds 
of metal roofing, cornices and other metal building material ; and as a 
contractor is known throughout New England. He makes a specialty of 
slate, asphalt, copper and tin roofing. Though doing business under his 
own name, he has associated with him his sons and grandsons, Lewis 
R., Walter and Roy A. Barnard. 

Mr. Barnard m. June 18, 1857, Almira Hayden, b. in Holden July 30, 
1833, dau. of Joseph D. and Susannah (Partridge) Fuller. Children, b. 
in Wor. : George F., b. Apr. 20, 1858, m. Alice, dau: of Henry and 
Caroline (Ruggles) Mason and has John, George A. 2d, and Lewis R. ; 
Sarah, b. Aug. 12, 1861, m. Frederick G. Davis of Pittsburg, Pa.; Walter, 
b. Oct. 24, 1862, m. vMice Holden; Josephine, 1). Dec. 30, 1869, m. Sum- 
ner A. Brooks of Cambridge; Roy A., b. March 30, 1876, graduate of 
the W. P. I. 1897. 

Richard Barnard (colored) was a soldier from Wor. in Revolution. 

Barron. — Ellis^ Barron, the immigrant, b. in Ireland, descendant from 
an ancient and titled family, settled early in Watertown ; joined the 
church; owned land in Cambridge; d. Oct. 30, 1676. (See Welles Fam- 
ily Antiq. I p. 25). 

Barron, John- (Ellis^), b. at Watertown 1638, settled in Groton. 

Barron, John^ (John", Ellis'), b. Apr. 4, 1665; lived in Groton and 
Concord. He was one of the settlers in Worcester. Benjamin Barron 
of Concord, of this family, sold land here for "love and affection" to 
James Miller Oct. 8, 1717; Benjamin also sold to Thomas Gleason land 
here Dec. 5, 1718. Richard Barron of Marlborough soon afterward 



AND ITS PEOPLE . 55 



bought land here of James Rice. The family did not become permanent 
settlers. 

Bartlett. — Jonathan I'.artlett was of Sutton when he married. Oct. 
6, 1762, Mehitable Hull. He was called of Westborough when he bought 
land in Worcester April 30, 1757, of Thomas Wheeler of Wor. He had 
two children baptized in Wor.: Elizabeth, bapt. April 15, 1764, and 
Hannah, bapt. March 30, 1766. 

Isaac Bartlett lived for a time in Wor. and had two children born 
here, Lavina, b. Oct. 32, 1756, and Molly, b. Apr. 15, 1758. He settled in 
Holden. His will is dated Mar. 24, 1795, bequeathing to wife Martha 
and children: Artemas, Eliada (son), Asa, Daniel, Isaac. Levi, Pa- 
tience, Lovisa Morse, Molly Holt and Lydia Bartlett. 

Beath. — Walter Beath, born in Ulster, Ireland, 1681, was in London- 
derry during the siege and it is related that when his family had nothing 
but meal to eat that he helped to catch rats for food. He came with 
the first Scotch-Irish in 1718 with his son John and settled in Lunen- 
burg, removing in June. 17.)1, to Pamaquid, Maine. He afterward lived 
at Townsend, Maine, where his relatives, the Fullertons came in 1730. 
Jennet Beath married William FuUerton, Sr. Beath d. June 11, 1759. 
He had sons John and Jeremiah. 

Beath, Jeremiah- (Walter^), was 1). in Lunenl)urg in June, 1722. He 
went to Maine with his parents, but returned to Mass. during the French 
and Indian war, and was again in Maine province in 1767, locating on the 
homestead in Townsend, where he d. Feb. 17, 1803; his wife d. there 
Dec. 7, 1814, aged 84 y. Children by wife Elizabeth, bapt. in Worcester: 
Mary, bapt. Dec. 30, 1753; Priscilla. bapt. Feb. 29, 1756; Molly, bapt. 
Apr. 2, 1758; Experience, bapt. July 27, 1760; Eunice, bapt. March 20, 
1763. The history of Pcmaquid says he married Mary Cowden of North 
Worcester and states that Priscilla m. John Holton ; Eunice m. Ebenezer 
Fullerton; Sarah m. June 20, 1767, David Kenneston and adds to the list 
of children, Margaret and Jeremiah Jr., b. Jan. 1, 1770. 

Beers. — Capt. Richard Beers, a member of the Quinsigamond com- 
mittee, was born in England as early as 1615; settled in Watertown an 
original proprietor; was admitted a freeman March 9, 1636-7; was an 
inn-keeper many years. He was selectman more than 30 years; deputy 
many years; active in the military service of the colony. He petitioned 
the governor for a grant of land in consideration of his services in the 
Pequot War and other services "having been an inliabitant of this juris- 
diction ever since the first beginning thereof." In 1675 when he was 
along in years he marched with his company for the relief of Brook- 
field, thence to Hadley, Hatfield and Deerfield ; in the months of August 
and September he took part in several engagements with the Indians. 
He started, Sept. 3, 1675, with 36 men to rescue the garrison at North- 
field, and fell into an ambush next day. Beers had to retreat, taking his 
position later at what has since been called Beers Hill in his honor, 
and there the conflict continued until he was slain, as well as most of his 
men. 

His will was dated Aug. 6 and proved Oct. 5, 1675, bequeathing to 
wife Elizabeth and children. His heirs settled the estate by agreement, 
June, 1711, signed by Elnathan, Jabez, Richard, Mary Wheeler; Joseph 
and Mary Rice (heirs of Mary Rice) ; Judith Allen ; Elizabeth and Sam- 
uel Ward and David Stone. (See N. E. Reg. 38-326). Children born at 
Watertown: Sarah b. and d. 1639; Mary, b. Mar. 10, 1642; Judith, b. 
Mar 36, 1646; Jabez, b. Oct. 4, 1651; Richard, b. Oct. 22, 1659. 



56 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Belding. — Stephen Belding of Xorthheld Ixnight land of John Sar- 
gent in Wor., Nov. -.^s, i:v!4; sold it to Caleb Lyman and proljahly never 
lived in Wor. 

Bellows. — John' Bellows, h. in Eng. about l(i-^;i. came in the ship 
Hopewell. KKi,') : settled in Concord: m. May 9. Kio."). Mary Wood, dau. 
of John; moved to Marlboroitgh in 16C0 and died there in KiSli. 

Bellows, John- (John'), h. in Marlborough May l:i, KifiH : m. (1) 

Hannah : (2) Aug. •'!(», X'riW. Sarah Johnson. He commanded a 

garrison house in his native town in ITll : died about K !!•. 

Bellows. Ithamar- (John-. John'), b. July ■■i."), KOS, at Marlborough. 

Bellows. Simeon* < Ithamar", John-, John'), b. Sept. 'i. 1^44, at Marl- 
borough, d. at Westborough Nov. 14, 1S2-2: served in the Revolution: 
was a lawyer: m. Dec, K(i."), Rebecca Warren. 

Bellows, .\sahel' (Simeon'. Ithamar*, John-, John'), b. .\prd. ITH. 
died here Aug. !i, is;5;5. He was one of the founders of the Central Bank : 
he kept Bellows tavern in this town: was jailor from 1824 to 1833; 
selectman in ls:;(). His daughter Hannah d. Sejit. 1. 1824, aged 45 yrs. 
(g. s.). ^ 

Bennett. — Moses Bennett, iimbably descendant ot deorgc, tlie immi- 
grant, who was killed by the Indians in Lancaster in IfiTii, settled in 
\\'orcester before 174.5, when he got judgment against William Wallace. 
He removed to Harvard, and died there Dec. 14. Klil. He was a sad- 
dler by trade. He bought of John (.'handler Jr. a small ])iece of land ten 
feet frtjm Chandler's malt-house, adjoining land of Cornelius Waldo, 
April 2(), 17(iO, for ten pounds. The following interesting restriction 
is in the deed: "Provided he do not dispose of the same for building 
any meeting house or other ])ul)lick house thereon or any part thereof 
without express leave of the said Jcjhn Chandler Jr. and written under 
his hand and seal." (Wor. Deeds l.-)-(J()). He married (1) Dec. 1!>, 

17.50, Joanna Gleason ; (2) Mar\- . Children b. at Wor. by lirst 

wife: Josiah, b. Sejit. 2, i;.")l : William, b. Feb. 2."), 17.");i: [oanna, bapt. 
May 4, 17.')."): Molly, b. June 2!t. K-"): ; Molly, b. Aug. 30, 1 :.->!). P,y second 
wife: Jemima, ba])t. July 'i'i. \\(\'. \t Harvard: David. 1). May 28. 1761. 

Bigelow: — fohn' Bigelow, li. in England, l(il3, settled in Water- 
town; m. il) Oct. 30, 1(;12. Mary Warren who d. Oct. Ifl, IfiOI ; (2) 
Oct. 2, l(i!)4, Sarah Bemis. He was a blacksmith :■ held the office of 
selectman and other offices: died Jidy 14, 1703. 

Bigelow, Joshua- (John'), b. Nov. •"), 1(J5.5, at Watertown ; soldier 
in King Philip's War; had grant of land for his services at Westminster 
and d. there, Feb. 1. 1M.5. He m. Elizabeth Flagg. Children, b. in Wa- 
tertown: Joshtia, mentioned below; Jonathan, b. Mar. 22, 107!): John, 
b. Dec. 20, l(i81; Benjamin, b. Ian. 20", 1083; Jahez ; Elizabeth, b. ".-Vug. 
3, 1(187: David, b. April 30. 1(594; Joseph, b. Dec. 2!), 1(59.5: Daniel, 
mentioned below; Ebenezer. b. .Sept. 4, 1(598; Gershom, b. Sept. (5, 1701 ; 
Eliezer, b. March 14. 1705-(5. 

Bigelow. Joshua' (Joshua-, John'), b. at Watertown Nov. 2.5, 1(17 1. 
d. May 9, 1728"; lived in what is now Weston: m. ( )ct. 17, 1701, Hannah 
Fiske. 

Bigelow, Joshua' (Joshua'. Joshua'-'. John'), b. at Watertown Feb. 
5, 1702, d. 1792; m. Jan. 2, 1125, Lydia Hastings of Weston. He bought 
75 acres of land of Samuel .\ndrews, father-in-law of Col. Timothy Bige- 
low and settled in Worcester. His home was at Lake Q, near the pres- 
ent B. & A. tracks. Ilis house burned Jan. 30, 1750, and his children 
David and L\(li;i lost their lixcs in the tire. His land e.xtended from 



A.WD ITS PEOPLE 57 



the lake to I'^raiicis Harrington's jilace. (See Lake Park), lie was 
representati\e to the General Court from W'or. IIUS and \',',i: seleet- 

man i:4:, Kc; to i":!. \::r>. i;:s. iiis win is <iate<i oet. -.';!. i;s;. chii- 

dren h. at Watertow n : Williani. 1). Ajir. in. 1 ; ■.' ; . seltleil in Atliol; 
Thaddeus. mentioned helow : Jernsha. li. |une ".'".'. Ko((; iJavid, h. Mar. 
6, i;;i2, mentioned helow; Lydia. I). .Mar. i:!. 1 1 .! I : h^sthcr. h. h'el). ■^:'-, 
ITod, in. John .Moore; .\sa. h. Sept. 1:!, lloS. ni. Rehecca Richardson; 
Anna, h. .Mar. ■'■"1, IMd, m. Jan. '■',. \',]]. .N'athan llagar; Hannah, h. |ulv 
2, 114^, m. Jul\ 1:;, i;;i). Joel Wesson. 

Rigelow, 'rha<ldeu.-> ■ (Joshua'. Joshiur. [osluia-. John'), h. at Wes- 
ton, part of Watertown, Sept. v?."), i;<!,S; m. .Mar. "^'S. i;."i|, Kdiecca War- 
ren: succeeded to part of the homestead hert-. -old it in i;i»s to Wm. ]. 
Stearns and went to Rutland (p. T^i, Ijigelow lien.), t hildren. I), in 
Wor. : Lydia. h. Jan. is. i;.".:, ; .Molly, h. Dec. is. 1 ;.".(;; Sarah, 1). July 
5. Hiil ; John. hapt. Sept. -.'•.', i;(i."i; loseph, hapt. .\ug. .i. i;;(), m. .\nnis 
Pike; John. h. Sept. VL i::4. m. Polly Hay\\x)od. 

lligehiw. Uaniel' ( Joshua-'. John' ). l)ai)t. .\ug. '.".I, Hil); ; m. I'Llizaheth 
Whitney, dau. of Nathaniel and .Mercy. He resided on Pakachaug Hill, 
Worcester, wlifre he died in ]]S'.). 1 )aniel lligtdow of Watertown 
(Weston) hought of Daniel Li\ermore, land m Wor.. .Ma\- S, i;!;. furtv 
acres of French ri\-er and sold land May IM. \',\]. to Thomas Leonard 
of Watertown. This may have lieen an (ilder Daniel. But Thomas 
Learned and wife Mary conveyed to Daniel liigelow of Wor. h;df of a 
40 acre lot on French river. May ID. 1 Pi."). Daniel was ,1 cor<l\s-;iiner. 
Children, h. here; Daniel, h. Jan. 4, 1 PJ!». mentioned below; l)a\ id, h. 
Sept. 1!). H.'U). mentioned below; Nathaniel, died xoung; Elijah, b. Mar. 
21. ]^:iT. d. aged :! v., scalded to de.ath ; l"inioth\. b. .Aug. 2. 1 P!!t, men- 
tioned below; Silence, b. Jan. ".-'!•. i;4'.'. m. .Sept. IS, i;s:i, Jonathan (llea- 
son, a well known schoolmaster of Wor. 

Rigelow, David"* ( Daniel . Joshua-'. |ohn'). b. in Wor. Sept. \'K H-'!"; 
d. May 10, bSlO; m. ( 1 ) .Mav ■/. \:r,2. Sarah Kat(jn. who d. Oct. 22. DC.I ; 
m. (2) Deborah Hayward. '.Mar. s. KOI. She died ALiy •-':!. Is'i-,' He 
lived in northeast i)art of Woi. ; was a carpenter and while at work fell 
from the roof of a barn, breaking his ankles ,ind ci'ippling him the rest 
of his life. He was a Whig. acti\e in the Pexolii'iion ; ser\ ed on the 
Committee of .Safety; selectman. 1 K()-K-P)-SO-S:l-,S f ; repiresentative 
to General Court in V,',',: deleg;ite to V. .S. coiistitution.d conven.tion ; 
deacon of Second Parish Church. Children; 1 ia\id, b. .\pril I, ]','>'■'>. m. 
Hannah Wellington; Sarah, b. .\ug. b"i, ]'.'<'i. ni. June "•i'.i, Ki.">, [oshua 
Harrington; .\zubah. bajjt. .Ma}- 0, i;."i!i; h'li/abeth. b. March L ]',M. m. 
Nov. ■-'(). 1;;;. John Hair; Lydia. b. Oct. b'l. HOI, died voung. P.v sec- 
ond wife, Lydia. b. Oct. 5s'. KOR m. ( )ct. L i:S4. Zachariah Ihilds 
(their son Da\'id L. m. Lydia Mari.a l'"rancis, a noted author) ; Lucreti.a. b. 
March 2. HOS, m.. Nov. S, IPtO, William (Joulding; Dorothv, b. Sept. 
2). DOS, m.. March •,^-,\ \:'.^2. Joseph (. hadwick ; Silas, b. Dec. '."1. IKO, m. 
Arathusa AR:)ors ; Levi, b. Ma_\- .'iO, Hl.'i, m. Nancy tioodhue; Walter, b. 
Nov. RS. HR"). m. Judith Trowbridge (see biography), li\-ed in Wor.; 
Tyler, h. .Aug. Ri. IKS. m. Clarissa Rigelow. 

Rigelow, Ebenezer-' (Joshua-, John'), b. at W.atertown. .Scjit. 4. 
1(598; ni. May 2'K 1 R.'O, Hannah Browne, dau. of .Mu'aham. He 
was a carpenter, li\ed in Weston, removed to Worcester aliout 1R?0-"^R 
He bought 64 acres of Nathaniel Jones. .Apr. ."1, R'.M, on French ri\er. 
Children: Ebenezer, li. at A\'eston. Jan. 2'-'}. ]'.2\ : |osiah. b. at Wor. 
Aug. R 17"^2, died young; Hannah, b. at Wor. I'eb. R 17'.;4; ARjses, ba]>t 



58 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

May 3, 1730, m. June 15, 1756, Mary Hammond ; Hopestill, bapt. June 
3, 1731, went to Whitehall, N. Y.; Silence, b. Sept. 1, 1732, in. John 
Davenport, lived at Bridgton, Me. 

Bigelow, Daniel* (Daniel', Joshua-, John'), b. Jan. 4, 1729, d. 1776; 
m. (1) Nov. 21, 1751, Mary Bond; (2) May 22, 1771, Mary Ballard of 
Lancaster, widow. She later m. Hon. Samuel Baker. Ch. b. at Wor. : 
Daniel, b. April 27, 1752; m. Apr. 20, 1783, Anna Johnson; Mary, b. 
Apr. 19, 1755, m. Elisha Clark ; Hannah, b. March 4, 1760, m. Whit- 
ney ; Elijah, b. June 30, 1763; Sophia, b. Dec. 12, 17^3; Augustus, b. 
Jan. 28, 1776, m. Betsey Spofford. 

Bigelow, Col. Timothy* (DanieP, Joshua-, John'), b. Aug. 2, 1739, in 
Wor.; m. July 1, 1762, in New Hampshire, Anna Andrews, b. in Wor. 
Apr. 11, 1747, dau. of Samuel and Anna (Rankinj Andrews. (See An- 
drews). Her mother was a dau. of James and Rachel Rankin, Scotch- 
Irish settlers (see Rankin). His schooling was brief, but he supple- 
mented it by study, reading the best books available and early in life col- 
lected a small librar}-, learning to write clearly and forcibly and to speak 
in public effectively. He followed the trade of 'blacksmith and when 
a young man opened a shop in Worcester in Lincoln Square, and was 
fairly prosperous for his days. One of the most active of the j-oung 
Whigs of his native town and possessing the qualities of leadership, he 
came into prominence even before the Revolutionary War. As early 
as March, 1773, he was elected a member of the Committee of Cor- 
respondence, and in December of that year he organized the Political 
Society, mentioned elsewhere. He became a member of the Whig Club 
of Boston, where he was associated with Warren, Otis and other lead- 
ers. He was a delegate to the first and second sessions 9f the Provincial 
Congress. 

When the company of minutemen was organized in Worcester, he 
was unanimously elected its captain. His work as drillmaster was 
highly commended. At the first review Washington himself said of the 
com[)any: "This is discipline indeed." Soon after the call to arms, 
April 19th, 1775, he led forth his company on the road to Cambridge, 
where he joined forces with the American army next day. He was soon 
afterward commissioned major by Congress. In September he com- 
manded a division of Gen. Arnold's army in the ill-fated expedition 
against Quebec, and during the attack on the city, was taken prisoner. 
Not until the following August was he exchanged. Returning to the 
service, he was made a lieutenant-colonel, and on February 8, 1777, was 
commissioned colonel of the Fifteenth Regiment of Massachusetts troops 
of the Continental Line. Joining the army of Gen. Gates, he was pres- 
ent at the surrender of Burgoyne, and afterward at Saratoga, in Rhode 
Island campaigns, at Verplancks Point, Robinson's Farms, N. J., Peek- 
skill, N. Y., Valley Forge and West Point. After the war, Col. Bige- 
low was stationed for a time at West Point, and was afterward in com- 
mand of the national arsenal at Springfield. He finally returned to 
Worcester, his health shattered by the exposure and hardship of mili- 
tary service, his property seriously diminished. He resumed his work at 
the forge, but was less prosperous than before the war. 

With others he obtained a grant of a township in Vermont, 23,040 
acres, and founded the town of Montpelier. But this seems to have been 
of no material aid to him in his declining fortunes. He fell into debt 
and on Feb. 15, 1790, was thrown into jail for debt. He died in a house 
near the jail, March 31, 1790, forsaken and heartbroken. The jail rec- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



59 



ords say: "Discharged !)}• death." He was but fifty years ui age. 
Though honored in the time of his public service and after his death, the 
last years of his life were made unhappy by the ingratitude of his coun- 
trymen and the persecution of former friends, "t'ol. I'igelow was of fine 
personal appearance. His figure was tall and commanding, in stature 
over six feet, his bearing erect and martial. With a taste for military 
life, he was skilled in the science of war and the troops under his com- 
mand exhibited the highest disciidine. He [)Ossessed a vigorous intel- 
lect, an ardent tem])erament and a w arm and generous heart." 

A monument to Col. Bigelow was dedicated, April 19, LStil, on the 
Worcester common, the gift of Col. T. Bigelow Lawrence, a great- 
grandson. Mayor Davis received the monument on behalf of tlie city. 



iTwTFire 





Col. Timothy Bigelow iiiau^iini, cunicr ui Main Street and Lincoln Square, uiipusitc the 
Court House, from 1749-1830. Hon. Stephen Salisbury bought the estate in 1824. The 
old structure was removed to Prospect Street facing the Jail grounds, and the present 
brick block built on its site. A tablet marks the building as "The site of the Mansion 
of Timothy Bigelow, Leader of the Minute Men from Worcester. April 19, 1775— Colonel 
of the 15th Mass. Regiment." 

Another and even more enduring monument is Mt. Bigelow in Maine, 
near the head of the Kennebec river. He was the first white man to 
climb it. While his troops halted at the foot on the way to Quebec, he 
made the ascent for the purjiose of observation. From that time the 
mountain has been known b\' his name. 

Children, b. in Wor. : Nancy, b. Jan. 2, 17G5, in. Jan. T, ];.S4, Alira- 
ham Lincoln; Timothy, b. April 30. 1767, mentioned below; Andrew, b. 
March .30, 17G0, d. Nov.. 1T87 ; Rufus, b. July 7, 1772, merchant ; Lucy, b. 
May 13, 1774, m. Capt. Luther Lawrence: Clarissa, b. Dec. 2it, 1781, m. 
Tyler Bigelow. 

Bigelow, Hon. Timothy^ (Col. Timothy*, Daniel', Joshua% John'), 
b. here April 30, 1767. He graduated at Harvard in ]7S(J. He had pre- 
viously worked two years in the printing of^ce of Isaiah Thomas 



In 



6o HISTORY Of WORCESTER 



17 7bi he was a pupil of Kt-v. Joseph Pope of Spencer: in the spring of 
17 T9 he was in the camj) of the Continental army with his father in 
Rhode Island. When the regiment went south he returned home and 
became a pujiil of Benjamin Lincoln, then a law student in Wor., and 
later he studied under Samuel Dexter. After graduation he studied law 
in the ofifice of Hon. Le\i Lincoln. In 1787 he served in the army that 
suppressed Shays' Rebellion. He l)ecame interested at this time in the 
project of Gen. Rufus Putnam to colonize what is now Ohio, but was 
induced by his family to relinquish the idea of going west, and was 
admitted to the bar in 17M!(. He began to practice in Groton. removing 
in 180() to Medford. having an office in Boston also. He was a highly 
successful and prominent lawyer, attending courts in various counties 
in eastern Massachusetts and southern Xew Hampshire. From 1792 tO' 
179 7 he rejjresented Groton in the State legislature and during the next 
four years he was State senator : councillor in 1802 ; representative in 
1804 and for fourteen years ensuing: speaker of the House of Repre- 
sentatives in 1805. 1808'. 1809, and from 1812-19, a leader of the Federal- 
ists. In Dec. 181-1, he w'as a delegate to the Hartford convention. In 
1820 he was a councillor, dying in office, at ^ledford, May IS, 1821. 

He was a student and scholar, interested in natural science, the- 
ologv, having an excellent knowledge of Greek and Hebrew: an able 
public sjieaker and a po])ular and dignified presiding officer, having wit 
as well as eloquence at his command. \'arious orations of Mr. Bige- 
low were published. He was interested in horticulture and farming and 
was acti\e in forming the Middlesex Husbandmen. He served two 
terms, six \ears, as master of the grand lodge of Free Alasons of Mas- 
sachusetts. He was a member of the American Academy and vice- 
president of the American Antiquarian Society. 

He married, Se]3t., 1791, Lucy FVescott, dau. of Judge Oliver Pres- 
cott of Gr(jton. Children: Katherine, m. Hon. Abbott Lawrence of 
Boston: Andrew, minister at Medford and Taunton: John Prescott, who 
was at one time secretar\- of the commonwealth : Edward ; Helen : Fran- 
cis, merchant in Boston: Elizabeth Prescott. 

Bigelow, lohir (Saiuuel-. John^), b. May 9. Iii7."): m. Jerusha Gar- 
field. He was taken i)risoner in Lancaster 1)\- the Indians at the same 
time that 'i"homas Sawyer was taken. Oct. ■"). 170."). They built a saw- 
mill in Canada for the French and were finally released. He bought 
land in Worcester July 7. 1722, of F'almer Goulding. 

Bigelow, luhn' (John', Samuel-', John'), b. at ?kIarlborough October 
28, 1701: m. July 4, 1728, Rebecca, dau. of John and Rebecca How. She 
was b. March l."3. 1704. He lived in that part of Wor. set ofif as Holden. 
He headed the ])etition for the incorporation of Holden as a town, called 
the first town meeting. May 4. 1741, and was elected selectman, serving 
1741-4(i: 1748-.51: 1705-56-61: was assessor in 1742: 1744-46: 1748- 
51: 1755-56: town treasurer 1742 and 1750: captain in the militia: dis- 
missed to the Wor, church Dec. 2. 1721. with his brother Totham (p. 
53 Bigelow (;en.). Children b. in Wor.; Reliecca. b. May 30. 1729: 
Marv. b. Feb. 16. 17:'.2-:i: .Anna. b. Aug. 23. 1735: Prudence, b. Sept. 22, 
1736': John. b. 1740. lived in Goshen: Nathan, b. Oct. 9. 1744, lived at 
Greenwich and in \'t. 

Bigelow. James, son of Jonathan and Elizabeth (Bemis) was b. in 
Weston. Mav 17. 1722; had in Wor. by wife Sarah, a son Enoch, b. Oct. 
2, 174 6. 

Bill. — Joseph^ Bill (.SamueP, Samuel', Thomas-, John') (see Bill 



AND ITS PEOPLE 6i 

gen. ij. 10!»J, 1). Feb. .^, i;(l-"i-(>: ni. in Ko.Kljnry. Rebecca I'eijper. Aug. -J, 
1730. He owned Spectacle Island, Bostun Harbor. The genealogy has 
him confused with Joseph" Bill (James-. John'), who m. Mary Kilcup, 
Nov. 22, 1T22. Joseph and Rel)ecca had in Wor. : Ketiecca, b. Dec. 1. 
i:;iS: Hannah, b. Feb. ■>. i;4i. m. Daniel Ball : Klizabeth, 1). h\'b. il. ir4:3. 
Others died young. He died in Worcester Ksi. and his inventory is 
dated June 4, ITSl, amounting to £lii Ks. lid. liis widow Rebecca and 
daughter Hannah are mentioned in the prol)ate of the estate. 

Binney. — Thomas Biiiney. one <it the ear!\- ])roprietors, lived in 
Hull, and probably never lived in W'uv. lie and his wife .Margaret sold, 
for love and affection, their interests in Wor. to Thomas Bogle of 
Sudbury. Xov. 24, i;2(j. 

Bixby. — Sergt. Joseph lli.xby. b. in Eng.. settled in Ipswich. HUT. 
removed to Boxford in KKJU ; was sergeant of the Topslield com|ianv in 
IWU; and served in King Philip's War; died April I'.t. ITOO; m. Sarah 
(Wyatt) Heard, widow of Luke Heard; she came fnim .\ddington. 
Eng., and d. June •'!. 1704. 

Bixby, Benjamin- (loseph'i. settled in Tojisheld : die<l i;:iii; m. 
llary '- . 

Bixby, Samuel' (Benjamin-, loseph'i. l)apt. lune 2. HiS!! (see Essex 
Ant. \'. \'III. p. 14<j). settled in Sutton: ni. Martha L'nderw ood. (See 
Sutton hist. I. In settlement ui his estate, fuiu- scjns are mentioned. 
Samuel. Jonathan, Solomon and Sampson. 

Bixby, Solomon^ (Samuel', Benjamin-. J(jseph'). b. in Sutton. .March 
■J, 17.')], lived in Wor. and Barre: his brother Sami5S(jn also lived in 
Barre ; d. Jan. 9, LSO;, at Wor: Solomon m. at Wor.. .A[)ril :i. 175.J. 
Esther Clark. Children. 1). in Barre: Esther, b. Ma\- 21. K-Vi: Sarah, 
b. Sept. 21, 1757 : Solomon, b. Jan. ;, KiiO: Lvdia. b. Feb. 10. i:()2: Asa, 
la. Apr. 17, 1764 : Betty, b. July 2it. 17ii."'. : Joel. b.'Xov. J.'.. 1 ;(;,s ; Kate. b. Oct. 
24, 1771. m. Apr. 17. 17i»2. Xathaniel Stowell. Born in Worcester: 
Molly, hapt. Oct. 1, 1 ;;-■): Hadasseh. bapt. Aug. 2. i;;?<. 

Bixby, JoeF (Solomon\ Samuel . Benjamin-'. Juseph'i. b. Xov. lo. 
17(iS, lived in Wor.; m. Xo\-. 11. ]','■>'■'<. and had a large family. (See 
Wor. \-ital records). 

Bixl)}-. Xathaniel. had liy wife Mary at Wor. Mar\- Xewhall. l:)a]it. 
]•>!). 2, l^^O. This family appears to h;i\e moved awa\- sotm. 

Blair. — Roljert' Blair, Scotch-Irish, was in Rutland before i;2o with 
his brother. He had two daughters .Mary and Elizabeth baptized in 
Sudlniry in 1124. He bought a farm here near Prosjiect Meadow, east of 
Halfway River, in i;2(i of Joseph Hubbard of Concord. He bought 
land, Feb. l(j. 172(j, of John Hubbard, in I'rosjject Meadow. Some 
years later his farm is descrilied as lying on both sides of the road 
leading from Wor. meeting house to Tatnuck Hill. In i;:!2 he was 
surve}-or of highways and 17:)"> on the important ccjmmittee to seat the 
meeting house. In 17 :'>•'! he was on committee to lix the bounds of the 
town on the north and si>uth. He deeded his farm to his son loseidi 
on condition that he prejvide for his jiarents the rest of their lives. He 
m. (at .-Kghadowey. Ireland, prohabl}- 1 Isabella Rankin, dau. of David, 
"whose father went from Sccjtland in Ki.'S."') to Aghadowey and d. there in 
17r)0, aged 84 yrs. Blair, d. Oct. 14, K;4. and was l)uried in tlie Com- 
mon (g. s.). His wife d. Feb. 10, Kii."., i g. s.). Children: Matthew: 
David, b. 1708-9: John. b. KIO; Sarah: Drdly : William. 1). 1718: 
James, Robert, b. in Rutland. June 10. i:20: Elizaljeth. b. i;24: .Mary, 
b. .\pr. 1, 172"): Joseph, b. 1^2; (see Blair (ienealogy). 



62 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Blair,- ^[atthe\v- (RobertM, b. 170-i-.j in Ireland. He was a weaver. 
He went to Hopkinton from here and was one of the founders of the Pres- 
byterian church there in I'M. He removed to Rlandford, where he was 
selectman, moderator, assessor, elder of the church. He m. Mary Ham- 
ilton at Hopkinton; (3) Jane Alexander. He had nine children. His 
brothers David and John were among the settlers at Palmer, and also 
Elizabeth (Blair) Brown, with her husband John Brown. His sister 
Sarah, who married John Hamilton of Worcester, went to Blandford. 

Blair. William- (RobertM, b. in Ireland was in this town in 1,44 but 
in 17.30 in Leicester. He bought and sold land extensi^•el^■. He was 
captain in the Louisburg exi)edition, 1745, and marched to .slietilield in 
Col. Chandler's regt. for the relief of Ft. William Henry. In 17.39 he 
went to Nova Scotia. He m., Feb. 21. 1744-5, Jane Barnes of Leicester; 
he d. at Onslow. X. .S. Children: Susan, b. 1744-5; Sarah, b. 1746; 
Hannah. 1). 1747 ; William, b. 1740 ; Dorothy, b. 1 75:5 ; Rebecca, h. 1757; 
)ohn, b. 1758; James, b. 17()(); Elizalieth, b. 17(iS. 

Blair. Robert- (Robert'), b. at Rutland June 10, 1720. He Ixiught 
a house here of Zechariah Harvey Jan. 30, 174;J-4, and sold his house 
here Nov. 14, 1753 to Joseph Smith, and land to John Chandler. He 
bought land in Blandford, and settled there in 17 53, but lived here for 
a time afterward during the F. & L wars; during the Revolution he was 
on the committee of Correspondence. Safety and Inspection in Bland- 
ford. and was prominent in town affairs. He m. .April 'I, 174(i. Hannah 
Thompson, who was b. in Ireland, 1731-2 (g. s. ), d. in I'landfunl |ulv 
15, 1803. He d. there June 22, 1801. 

Blair. Joseph- (RobertM. b. 1727, received the homestead of his 
father here, Dec. 14, 1751. The farm was bounded by land of Andrew 
McFarland, Increase and James Moore and Jacob Chamberlain, and 
was in the section now known as Lenox and Richmond Heights, on 
Pleasant street. He was a Loyalist and signed the Protest of 17 7 4. but 
did not leave town when the war broke out. His wife Mar\' d. at .Am- 
herst March, 1810, aged 7 9 vrs. He d. here Feb. S, 180l' Children: 
Charles, b. Apr. 3, 1752; Israel, b. Dec. 37. 1754; Robert, b. Mar. 2(;, 
1756; Increase, ba]). |une 11. 1758; [arvis. b. May 24. 175S; Mar\'. b. 
Sept. 6, 1760; Sarah. 1.. lulv 20. i;(i2;' Dorothy, b. 'Mav 12, 1765: Eli'.a- 
beth, b. July I, 1767: llannah. h. July 10. 17(i9: Jane', b. Sept. 6. i;;i; 
Joseph, i). ilar. 21, 1774; Charles," b. Sept. 1. 1776. 

Blair. Increase' (Jos.-. Robt.M, b. here. May 24, 1757, and succeeded 
to his father's homestead. He m.. 1787, Huklah Campbell, dau. nf Rob- 
ert of Voluntown. Ct.. b. 1760. d. July 9, 1798. He died, Nov. 11. i:97, 
aged 40 yrs. Huldah Blair, the widow, sold land here, Ma\ n, CliS. to 
Robert Blair, her husband's brother. Her will was dated July :>, 1798, 
and filed July 18, bequeathing to Alexander, Jenny, Rebecca and Rhoda 
Cam])bell, evidently her sisters; to friends Polly Gray, Luc\- Gray and 
.Sallv McFarland; to onlv son John Blair, minor. Children: Marv. d. 
.April 11, 1794; Alexander, d. Mar. 5, 1794; John. 

Blair. Robert'' (Jos.-. RobertM. b. here. ^Iarch 26, 1756. .\gainst the 
wishes of his father, who was a Tory, he enlisted at Newport. R. I., and 
furnished a team to convey the baggage of one of the French colonels to 
the Hudson river, thence to Yorktown, \"a., where he was taken ill. and 
thus ])revented from seeing the surrender. On his return he settled on 
a farm in Rutland. In 1798 he came to Wor. and succeeded to the home- 
stead, after the death of his brother. He was a cai)t;iin. He m. Dec. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 63 



11, 1783, Betsey Harrinj^ton, dan. of Nathan of Holden. She was b. 
Feb. 6, 178.5. d' Sept. --'O, 1S;5:. He d. here. June 11, 1857. Children 
b. in Rutland: Charles, b. Mar. 8. 1785; George, b. Nov. 39, 1786; 
Betsev, b. Feb. 13, 1791, d. unm. ; Hannah, b. Feb. 10, 1793; Dolly, 
b. Tan. 30, 1795; Horace, b. Apr. 33, 1798; Maria, b. in Wor. Jan. 1, 1803. 
Blair, Charles* (Robert-', Joseph=, Robert^), b. March 8, 1785, 
remained on the homestead here until he died; ni. Apr. 13, 1837, Eliza- 
beth McFarland. He d. March 9, 1859, without issue. 

Blair, George* (Robert'', Jos.% RobertM, b. in Rutland, Nov. 39, 1786; 
removed here with his parents 1798; and remained until 1809, when he 
settled in Caroline. Tompkins co., N. Y. In the War of 1813, Sabin 
Mann who went with him, was killed, and George Blair m. his widow. 
Blair d. at Speedwell, N. Y., Dec. 30, 1869, aged 83 yrs. Children : Aus- 
tin, Sarah, Robert, William Henry. 

For many other Blairs in this count}-. Bhuiflford. etc., see Blair 
gen. 

Blake. — \Nilliam' Blake, son of William, was b. in Eng. and 
bapt. at Pitminster, July 10, 1594; m. there Sept. 33, 1617, Agnes Band, 
a widow. He came in 1634 or soon afterward to Dorchester; was one 
of the founders of Springfield ; returned soon to Dorchester and was 
town clerk, selectman, clerk of the trainband, etc. 

Blake. James- (William*), b. at Pitminster. Eng., bapt. A])ril 37, 
1634; m. Elizabeth Clapp, dau. of Dea. Edward and Prudence (Clapp) 
Clapp; m. (3) in Rehoboth Sept. 17, 1695, Elizabeth (Smith) Hunt, 
widow of Peter Hunt, and dau. of Henry and Judith Smith. His home 
is now in possession of Dorchester Historical .Society. He was select- 
man, clerk of the writs, deputy, ruling elder — perhaps the foremost man 
of Dorchester. 

Blake, James" (James-, William^), b. at Dorchester Aug. 15, 1653; 
d. Oct. 33, 1733; m. (1) Feb. 6, 1681. Hannah Macy, dau. of George 
of Taunton; m. (2) July 8, 1684. Ruth Bachellor. He was deacon of 
the Dorchester church, 33 years. During the Revolution his house was 
occupied b}' British officers. 

Blake, Increase* (James'. James", William*), b. at Dorchester, June 
8, 1699; m. in Boston July 33, 1734, Anne Gray, dau. of Edward and 
.Susanna (Harrison) Gray. b. March 16, 1704. d. June 30, 1751. He was 
a tinplate worker in Boston; innholder in 1740; d. 1770. 

Blake, Increase'* (Increase*, James", James-, William'), b. in Bos- 
ton Oct. 38, 1736; m. there, Apr". 18, 1754, Anne, dau. of Thomas and 
Anne (White) Crafts, who was b. in Boston. Jan. 10. 1734, d. Mar. 31, 
1763, aged 38 yrs. (g. s. Boston common). He m. (3) Dec. 7, 1763, 
Elizabeth Bridge, dau. of Ebenezer and Mary Bridge. She was b. Apr. 
3, 1733; d. of small pox in this town, Nov. 33, 1793, and was buried in 
a pasture in the north part. An obituary in The Spy, Dec, 1793, 
refers to her as "one of the noblest women earth was ever blessed with." 
"A living Christian." 

Blake was a tinplate worker, having a shop on what is now State 
St., Boston, and is said to have made canteens and cartridge boxes for 
the provincial troops and to have been driven from town because he 
refused to supply similar goods to the British troops. His wife was 
equallv patriotic. Her Bible, now or lately in possession of Mrs. E. A. 
Knowlton of Rochester, Minn., gives evidence of an encounter with a 
British soldier. One day, when she was sitting in front of her door, 
reading the Bible, she was asked by a British soldier what she was read- 



64 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

ing. She replied: "The Story of the Cross." Whereupon he said he 
Would fix her Bible so she would always remember the cross, and with 
his sword he made, a deep cut across the page, through many leaves. 
In various forms the story has been handed down in the family Init the 
Bible, the cut and the sword are undoubted realities, 

Blake and his wife were forced to leave Boston after the battle of 
Bunker Hill and. sacrificing his property there, he came to this town and 
opened his shop in Lincoln Sq. In 1780 and for several years after- 
ward he was jailor here. He d. here Feb. 2H. K9,). His youngest child 
was born here. Children bv first wife: Anne. 1). Aug. !•, 17.5.5, d. Dec. 
(i, KGO; Thomas, b. Dec. 20. 1756, d. y. : William, b. :Mar. 1-2, 175S, d. 
Sept. 7. 1759; Elizabeth, d. Mar. 7. 1760': James, d. Jan. 22. 1162: James, 
b. Jan. '.^9. 17(52. By second wife: Mary. b. Xov. 5, 17(i;i: Fersis. b. 
Mar. ;U. ];ri,5; Thomas Dawes, b. Oct. 2-\. 1768; Ebenezer. 1). Mav :!1. 
1771 : Sarah. 1). Nov. 25, 1772 ; Susanna, b. .\i)r. 4. 1774. m. Aug. 3. ISOO, 
George Anson Hawes, rem. to Windham and Chelsea, \ t. : Dorothy, b. 
here June 15, 17S1. 

Jason Blake, prob.-ihly a descendant of William' Blake, the jiioneer 
of Dorchester, settled in \\"or. before lUi', ; m. Lydia Holbrook. dau. of 
Amos Holbrook of Wor. Asa Kingsbur_\' of \\ alpole and wife Eunice 
deeded their share in the estate of their father .\mos Holljrook to Jason 
Blake. Nov. 4. 180(). land in Wor.: Jason and L_\dia Blake deeded land 
in the (iore to .Amos Holbrook, June 23, 179.3. Children of Jason and 
Lydia. h. in Wor.: Jason, b. Nov. 30. 17(i7. died young; Lydia Hol- 
brook. 1). Julv 20. i;"73; Sulia (sic), b. Xov. 28, U91 : Lydia, b. July 
4. 1795; Jason, b. .A.ug. 28. 1798; Sulia. Sept. 10. 1805. m. Dec. 28. 1828. 
Levi Bigelow ; Julia, h. Apr. 8, 1809. 

Bond. — Capt. William- Bond, son of Jonas' and Rose, of P)Ury St.. 
Edmunds. Eng. came to Watertown in 1631 with Deacon Ephraim 
Child; was born in 1616; m. Feb. ', . 1649. Sarah, dau of Nathaniel 
Bisco; m. (2), 1695. Elizabeth, widow of John Nevinson. He was mem- 
ber of the Worcester committee, selectman, town clerk, captain, on the 
council of safety, 1()89; s])eaker of the house, 1691-92-93-95; on the 
committee to rebuild Lancaster, lie d. Dec. 14, 11)95. 

Bond. Nathaniel- (William-. Jonas'), b. Jan. 19. I(i58 ; m. Feb. 27, 
1684-5. Bethia Fuller, dau. of John, of Newton. Lived in Watertown. He 
was a lieutenant; died in 1700. 

Bond. John^ (Nathaniel-. William-^. Jonas'), m. July ;, i;i5. Ruth 
Whitnev ; dismissed from the Watertown Church to \\"or. 1752; his 
wife Ruth d. April 1. 1748. 

Bond. John' lJohn\ Nathaniel'. William-. Jonas'). 1). at Watertown. 
Mar. 16. 1724-5; m. Xo\-. 21. 1751, Silence King; li\-ed at Barre. Wor- 
cester, and after 1762 in Conway. He d. June 30. 1808, aged 85 y. His 
wife d. Dec. 1812. aged 82 y. Children, first four of whom were bap- 
tized here : 

Ruth. I);ipt. j.-\n. 21. ^52-3; m. Nathan Barrett; Adouijah. bapt. 
Nov. 25. i;5:i: m. Rachel Childs; Benjamin, bapt. April 20, 1755, 
m. in Barre, Miri.-iiii Manter; Josiah, bapt. June 11, 1756, m. Margaret 
Stiles; Sarah, m. .\mos Wilcox; Silence never married; John, b. June 
16, 1761, m. Charlotte Brown; Jonas, b. March 7. 1762. m. Elizabeth 
Howe; Ezra, b. June 16. 17()5. m. Mercy Whitney; Consider, b. Oct. 16. 
1764. m. Jane Tobey ; Submit, b. Aug. 9. 1769. m. Justus Packard ; ^ilolly, 
b. < )ct. 7. 17^1. ni. Jos. Eaton; Seth ; William, lu. Lydia Harrington. 

Boutwell. — James Boutwell, b. in Eng., settled in L\-nn ; died 1651. 




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AND ITS PEOPLE 65 

Through his son John and grandson Jonathan, Gov. Boutwell of Mass. 
was descended. For generations the family lived at Reading. 

Boutwell, Samuel* (Janies^ and Elizabeth, James-, JamesV), settled 
in Worcester. He was of Reading. Feb. I'i. 1T28-9, when he bought 
land between Sutton and Wor., 50 acres of the original grant of Malachi 
Hallowell, adjoining land of Ephraim Curtis and Nathaniel Jones. Chil- 
dren, b. here : Elizabeth, b. July 1, 1731 ; Hannah, b. Jan. 4, 1T33-4. His 
will dated at Sutton, filed May 11, 17G!), bequeaths to wife Elizabeth and 
children: Samuel, Enoch and Hepsibah. 

Bowker. — John Bowker, housewright, sold land to Thomas Palmer, 
John < )ulton and Cornelius W'aldo, Fel). 27, 1719, but did not live in 
Worcester. 

Boyd. — John Boyd, Scotch-Irish settler, was in Brookfield 1T31: left 
a will dated Aug. 2T, 1774, bequeathing to wife Mary, daughter Kath- 
arine, wife of George Harper; grandson David Chamberlain: William 
Ayer, executor. 

James Boyd, Scotch-Irish settler, lived at Rutland, came to Wor. 
1734, had at Worcester bv wife Jean: Samuel, b. Ian. 31, 173C; 
John, b. July 15, 1738; James, Dec. 10, 1740; .\ndrew, b. April 20, 1743; 
Margaret, b. Oct. 1, 1743; William, b. July 4, 1745; Thomas, b. Jan. 28, 
1747-8; Joseph, b. March 17, 1748-9 ;' EHza, b. June 18, 1753. James 
Bo3-d then of Holden was appointed guardian of .\lexander Boyd, son of 
John Boyd of Boston, 1756. 

Bovd, Andrew- (James^j, b. in Worcester April ".MJ, 1742; m. June 
17, 1762, Molly Gray. Children, b. in Wor.: Mary, b. Aug. 27, 1764; 
Samuel, b. Aug. 17, 1766; Betty, July 8 or 12, 1768.' 

Samuel Boyd of Rutland and Oakham ; James of Rutland and Wor- 
cester ; John of Brookfield and Samuel of Shelbourne, previously of 
Rutland, were doubtless related. 

Boyden. — Thomas' Boyden, b. in County Suffolk. Eng., came in the 
ship Francis in 1634, lived at Scituate, came to Boston in 1650, removed 
to Medfield, selling his land in what is now Brookline, and also land in 
Boston. Later he went to Groton and thence to Watertown. His wife 
Frances died in Boston March 17, 1658. He m. (3) Nov. 3, 1658, Han- 
nah (Phillips) Alorse, widow of Joseph Morse. She d. Oct. 3, 1676. 

Boyden, Thomas" (Thomas'), b. Sept. 36, 1639; d. iii Groton, Nov. 
15, 1719; m. Martha Holden. dau. of Richard. 

Boyden, Joseph^ (Thomas-, Thomas'), b. April 4. 1678. at Groton; 
d. April 17, 1748, at Wor. He was selectman of Needham in 1721; was 
keeping a tavern in Sutton in 1735 ; removed to Worcester in 1738, and 
bought a tract of 100 acres on the south side, later called the "Old Boy- 
den Place." 

Boyden, Daniel* (Joseph-'-, Thomas-, Thomas'), b. March 1, 1708, at 
Dedham ; d. Jan. 29, 1782, at Auburn. He m. Sept. 24, 1734. at Dedham, 
Mehitable Mann, daughter of William and Bethia. He settled on a 
farm in the south part of Worcester in 1740; joined the First church 
and was selectman several years ; was one of the founders of the church 
in what is now Auburn ; was one of the original proprietors of the town 
of Guilford, Vt., and his son William was a pioneer in Dummerston, 
Vt. His will dated in 1782, received the assent of the following heirs: 
Mehitable, widow; Hezekiah, Daniel, William, James Boyden: Thomas 
Jr. and Mehitable Baird ; Ebenezer Jr. and Esther Wellington; Israel 
and Tryphena Stone ; Feb. 20, 1782. He bequeathed to wife Mehitable 
and children: Daniel, William, James, Mehitable, Esther, Trvphena, 
W.-I-s. 



66 HISTORY OP WORCESTER 

Darius (executor) and Hezekiah. Children, b. here: Hezekiah, b. 
Nov. -^8. i;;jy: Daniel, b. Oct. :;^0, 1T41; Darius, b. Dec. 6, i:43; Wil- 
liam, b. Jan. 1, 1:45-6: Esther, b. Dec. 23, i:47; Mary, b. May 17, 1751; 
Tryjjhena, b. March \2. 1753; Janies. b. Nov. 20, 1758. 

Boyden, Hezekiah' (DanieP, Joseph^ Thos.', Thos.'), b. Nov. 28, 
i:31», at \yor. ; ni. .Sejit. 13, 1764, Elizabeth Green. Children b. here: 
Mary, b. Feb. liJ, 1765; Elizabeth, b. Dec. 27, 1766; Hezekiah, b. Sep- 
tember 14. 1768; Hannah, b. Dec. 3, 1770. 

Boyden. Darius'' (Danl.\ Jos.". Thos.', Thos.'). b. here Dec. 6, 
1743. d. ^larch 16. 1783, m. Dec. 16. 1773, Lavinia Brown. He was a 
soldier in the Re\olntion. His widow m. Phineas Towne and had by 
him three children. Their children, b. in Wor. : Priscilla, b. Aug. 26, 
1774: Alvin, b. Sept. 7, 1775; Asa, b. March 4, 1777; Polly, b. Nov. 34, 
177!). at Ward (now Auburn). F)Orn at Ward: Esther, b. Dec, 1781; 

Lavina, b. Se])t. ".'!*. i:)S3. m. Chase. Children and heirs: Alvin, 

Priscilla, Asa, Polly, Esther, Lavina. Thomas Baird was appointed 
administrator of the estate of Darius and the estate was distributed to 
the heirs [une 4, 1 7!)3. 

l^.oyden, Daniel'' (DanieP, Jos.', Thos.-, Thomas'), b. Oct. 20. 1741, 
here; m. here June 7, 1764, Rebecca Barber. He removed in 1766 or 
17()8 to Guilford, \'t. ; served in the Revolution; d. in Guilford, .\ugust 
29, 1813. The two eldest children were born here, the others in Guil- 
ford: Daniel, b. March 22, 1765; Levi, b. Oct. 16, 1766; Rebecca, b. 

June 11. 1768; Ebenezer. b. Aug. 18, 1770; Lydia, b. May 27. 

Tryphena. b. Feb. 22. , m. Uriah Rogers; Mar}-, b. June 1, , 

m. Silas Baker, Mehitable, b. Fel). 27, i;8(), m. Asa Bowen : Azulia, b. 
.Aug. 18, 17 82, m. David Rice. 

Boyden, John* (Joseph', Thos.-, Thos.'), was a lieutenant in the 
French and Indian War. lived as early as 1740 on Pakachoag Plill, now 
Aulnirn. His son Samuel was father of Samuel. Joseph, Jebal and 
Lewis, residents of Auburn and Oxford. Samuel Boyden of Auburn 
m. Dec. 1. 1791, Sally Curtis, daughter of Samuel Curtis Sr. • Children 
of John and Elizabeth, 1). at Wor.; Peter, b. Julv 28. 1745. soldier in 
Rev., d. July 28. 1:77 ; John. b. Jan. 7. 1747-8; Elizabeth, b. July 30, 
1750; Hannah, bapt. Mav 13, 1753; Hannah, bapt. Mav 4, 1755: Joseph, 
bapt. Dec. 11, i;5:: Do'Uy, b. Aug. 10, i:60; Samuel', bapt. March 20, 
1763: Darius, bapt. Sept. 'l, 1765. 

Breck. — Dr. Samuel Breck* (Rev. Robert% b. 1682, of Marlborough, 
John-. Edward'), was b. at Marl. May i:. 172;i; m. Elizabeth Cooley of 
Springfield in 1744. He was for a short time a surgeon in the Pro- 
vincial army, and from 1745 to 1747 practiced in Worcester. He after- 
ward went to Windsor, Ct.. later to -Sheffield, where he was "much 
esteemed." He died in Springfield. A])ril 23, 1764. His house here 
"on the common southeast from the meeting house," was purchased by 
the town .Sept. 25. 17 17. and was afterward the residence of Rev. Thad- 
deus Maccarty. Children b. here: Nathaniel, b. -Aug. 11, 1745; Eliz- 
abeth, b. June'6, 1747 ; Anne, b. June 10. 1749. 

Brewer. — John Brewer, b. in Eng. about 1620: settled in Cambridge 
as early as 1644; removed to Sudbury 1646. 

Brewer, John- (John'), b. in Cambridge Oct. 10, 1642; d. Jan. 1, 
1690-1; m. Elizabeth Rice. dau. of Henry and granddau. of Edmund 
Rice. She d. in Feb. 1693. They lived in Sudbury. 

Brewer, John^ (John^ Johni), b. in Sudbury Sept. 29, 1669; m. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 67 



Mary Jones and lived in Watertown, Weston and Sudbury ; owned a 
. saw mill and gristmill. 

Brewer, Josiah' (Jolin\ John-, John'), m. Dec. 31, 1T2-1, at Weston, 
Hannah Woolson. Will dated at Worcester Sept. 19, 1768, pr. Nov. 14, 
1768. bequeathed to wife Hannah; children — Josiah, Beulah, John, Han- 
nah Jones, Lytlia, Mary Crawford and Aihble; grandchildren — Phinehas, 
Joel, Solomon, Isaac, William and L.ucy Jones, children of deceased 
daughter Hannah Jones. 

Brewer. John-^ (Josiah\ John-', John-, Juhn\). b. May 26, 1T43, at 
Weston; m. June 1, 1769, Martha Graves. 

Brewer, DanieP (John'', John-, John'), b. Aug. 4, 1701-, had at Wor. 
by wife Phebe : Samuel, bapt. Jan. 7, 1732-.'). 

Brewer, SamueF (DanieP, John'', John-, John\), bapt. Jan. 7, 1732-3, 
had at Wor. by wife Mehitabk- : Archibald, h. Oct. 20. 1761 : Elizabeth, 
b. Dec. 5, 1763. 

Brewer. John'^ (Joseph^, John'. John'-'. John'), ni. June 17, 1769, 
in Wor.. Martha Graves of Weston and had at Wor.. fosiah, b. May 
11. 1770. 

Bridges. — .SainueP Bridges, the first of the family here, probably 
came from Alarblehead, a descendant of Edmund', the immigrant, of 
Andover, Ipswich and Alarblehead. He m. at Wor. March 1, 1757, 
Mary Goodwin. Children, b. at Wor.: .Samuel, b. Nov. 22, 1757; 
Marv, b. Aug. 20, 1759; Ebenezer, b. Sept. 13, 1761; William, b. Feb. 
21, 1767; James, b. Nov. 15, 1768; Benjamin, b. Sept. 5, 1774; Joseph, 
b. Nov. 13, 1776. 

Samuel Bridges of Worcester, son of John and Mary, was b. at 
Marblehead, Feb. 29, 1741-2, bapt. at Marblehead July 25. 1 T42 ; nomi- 
nated Roger Sprague for his guardian June 24, 1765.. He was presum- 
ably living with his uncle Samuel Bridges in Worcester. 

Samuel Bridges', first mentioned, left a will, dated May 30. 1790, 
proved Aug. 6. 1799, bequeathing to wife Mary; children — Samuel, Eb- 
enezer. William, Joseph; to Annis, wife of his son Ebenezer. 

Brooks. — Capt. Thomas' Brooks, born in England, settled in Wa- 
tertown and was constable there ; moved to Concord in 1638 ; deputy to 
the General Court, 1642-43-44-50-54. He died Mav 21, 1667: his wife 
Grace d. May 12, 1664. 

Brooks, Dea. Joshua'' (Thomas'), a tanner, lived in what is now 
"Lincoln; m. C)ct. 17, 1653, Hannah Mason, dau. of Cajjt. Hugh. 

Brooks, DanieP (Joshua", Thomas'), b. Nov. 15, 1663, lived in Con- 
cord; m. Aug. 9, 1692, Ann Merriam. He d. Oct. 18, 1733. His will, 
Jan. 6, 1728-9, bequeathed to wife Ann and children John. Mar\- Wheeler, 
Ann Jones, .Samuel and Job. 

Brooks, Dea. John' (Daniel", Joshua", Thomas'), b. Felj. 1, 1702; 

m. Lydia , and lived in Acton. Had sons: Charles, m. Nov. 24, 

1757. Mary Hajigood of Marlborough; d. in Princeton, 1798; Samuel 
and Nathaniel, who settled in Worcester. 

Brooks, Capt. SamueP (John', Danl.', Joshua", Thos.'), m. March 
14, 1755, at Concord, Hannah Brown of Carlisle. They had here: .Sam- 
uel, b. June 10, 1755. His will, July 1, 1817, bequeaths to wife Hannah; 
to son Samuel the Taylor farm in the east part of Wor., bought of 
Theophilus W'heeler; to John C. Butler, son of the present wife of his 
son Samuel; residue to grandchildren. (See biography of Walter 
Frederic Brooks). 

Brooks, Nathaniel" (Jolin% Danl.", Joshua", Thos.'), b. 1741; sol- 



68 HfSroRV UF IfORCESTER 

dier in the Revolutiuii : lived in Wor. ; d. here Feb. 3, 1838, and had 
here by wife Mary: Xathaniel, b. Aug. 8, 1768; Ephraim, bapt. JlUv 
14, 1771 ; Ephraim', b. June 5, 17:^; Silas, b. Sept. 1, 1773; Mary, b. Oct. 
5, 177C; Joel, b. July .27, 1779; John, b. Jan. l'^, 1783: Samuel, b. April 
2, 1785; Jonas, b. Nov. 20, 1788. 

Brown. — Ichaijod Brown, one of the founders, lived in Cambridge. 
He sold land in Wor. Oct. 7, 1717, to Benj. Flagg. He d. in Cambriage 
in 1728. 

John Brown of W'atertown bought land here May ."), 1730, of Na- 
thaniel Jones of Falmouth, now Portland, Maine. 

Ebenezer- Brown of Cambridge sold land here May 2, 1717. to Ben- 
jamin Flagg Jr. 

Col. Samuel Browne of Salem bought land here June 17, 1 72.J, of 
John Smith of Boston and more land Oct. 1, 1723, of Palmer Goulding. 
Col. Browne was b. in Salem Oct. 8, 1669 ; his son Samuel was b. in 
1708. (See Essex Antiquarian, Vol. NVIIl, p. 160). 

Brown, Thomas^, and wife Bridget, pioneers of Concord. 

Brown, Thomas' (Thomas^), m. Ruth Vinton. 

Brown, Thomas-^ (Thos.^, Thos.^), m. Hannah Potter. ; 

Lt. Luke* Brown (Thomas^, Thos.-, Thos.^), b. Concord, Nov. 3, 
171-t, came from Sudbury to Wor. before 1750 and kept the public house 
that was burned Christmas Eve, 1824. It stood near the first jail. He 
acquired considerable wealth by speculating in public land.^. It was 
while on a journey to New York for the purpose of purchasing the town 
now called Newfane, Vt., that he caught the smallpox. He died a few 
days after he returned and his body was buried on the north side of 
the Jo Bill road leading west from what is now Salisbury street. Report 
said he had few friends, was avaricious and was not conscientious in 
money-making schemes. The monument to his memory was in 1827 
lying on the surface of the ground near his grave, and was broken and 
defaced. The epitaph : "Here lies buried the remains of Lieut. Luke 
Brown, who having taken the infection of the small pox at New York, 
and died of the same after his return home, viz: April 14, 1772, aged 
58. Buried here to prevent the spreading of the infection." 

In the French war he was lieutenant of a detachment of men from 
Col. John Chandler's regiment under Capt. John Curtis, marching to 
the relief of Ft. William Henry in 1759. 

His wife Elizabeth Lydia, d. Aug. 11, 1751, aged about 27 y. (g. s.). 

Ch. b. here: Hannah, b. Sept. 21, 1742; Samuel, b. Oct. 28. 1743; 
Elizabeth Lydia, b. Feb. 10, 1744-5; Luke, Aug. 26, 1746: Eunice, b. 
Aug. 9, 1748. 

Lieut. Brown was appointed guardian of his own children, Nov. 
9, 1760, viz: Elizabeth Lydia, over 15 y., great-grandchild of William 
Johnson ; Samuel, Luke Jr., 14 y., and Hannah, 18 y. 

Brown, Luke^ (Luke'', Thos.^, Thos.-, Thos.^), was b. 1746, d. in 
Wor. Nov. 6, 1776, in his 31st y. (g. s.) ; m. Jan. 17, 1769, in Hardwick, 
Mary Adams. He kept the public house known as the "Hancock 
Arms," the meeting place of the patriots here before the Revolution. It 
was located on Lincoln st. nearly opposite the old gas works. He suc- 
ceeded his father, but became intemperate. Children b. here : Luke, 
bapt. Oct. 18, 1772; Elizabeth, bapt. Aug. 23, 1772; Eunice, bapt. Dec. 
4, 1774. 

Brown, Lt. SamueP (Luke*, Thomas^, Thomas-, Thomas^), b. Oct. 
28, 1743, d. here May 25, 1785, (g. s.) in his 42d yr. He was selectman 1781- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 69 

8"i-8.'>. He was a nieniber ui the American Political Society, a ^\ hig 
organization formed in I'iV-i to resist the British crown : member of Capt. 
Timothy Bigelow's com])any that marched on the Lexington alarm ; 
first lieiit. of Capt. Josiah Fay's company, Col. Jona. Ward's regt., ITI.J, 
adjutant under Lt. Col. Benj. Flagg on the alarm at Bennington, ITTT. 
The town record gives marriage of Samuel Brown and Mary Flagg at 
Wor. Nov. 2.J, Kli.j. (Should the record be Abigail Flagg?) By wife 
Abigail, Lt. Samuel had at Wor.: Elizabeth, b. March 6, ITOT, d. June 
23, i::(i, (g. s.); Samuel, b. Dec. (i, 17(j8: Luke. bapt. Oct. 18, ITT'^; 
Abigail, h. March 14, i:;;i; Lvdia. b. Feb. 24, KT:); John, b. Feb. IT, 
1::: ; Elizabeth, b. Oct. 3, KTl't; Arad, b. Jan. 6, 1782, d. Aug. 31, 1782, 
(g. s. ); Arad, b. July 24, 1783. 

Nicholas' Brown, son of Edward of Inkburrow, Worcestershire, 
Eng., settled in Lynn about 1(538 and rem. to Reading: was a mariner; 
d. Apr. '). 1673; wife Elizabeth. 

Brown. Joseph- (NicholasM, b. in Reading, I)ec. 10. 1647; m. May 
2ii. 1674, Elizabeth Bancroft, dau. of Thomas. 

Brown, Nicholas* (Josejih-, Nich.'), b. at Reading, Sept. 22, 1677; 
m. there ^Liy 22, 1700. He came to this town about 1740. Their son 
James was li. ^Lar. 23, 1710. 

Brown. James* (Nicholas-', Joseph-, Nicholas'), w-as b. ^L^r. 23, 
1710-1, d. at Wur. Jan. 11, 1778. in his 67th yr. (g. s.). His wife Rebecca 
(Eaton) d. at Wor. Feb. 26, 1756, in her 42d yr. (g. s. ). The will of 
James was dated Jan. 6, 1778, allowed Feb. 5, 1718, after a contest. 
Heirs: Mar\- Hersey, wife of Nathan of Leicester; Rebecca, wife of 
Gardner Earle : Sarah, m. John White; Lydia, wife of Joshua John- 
son; Anna Mower, wife of Thomas. (See p. (i Mower Geni. They 
also had a son Thomas. 

Brown. Thomas'' (James*, Nicholas'', Joseph-, Nicholas'), d. at 
Wor. Dec. 11, 1776, in his 40th yr. (g. s.); buried on the Common. 

John Brown, m. Molly, dau. of Ignatius and Elizabeth Goulding; 
she d. Feb. 13, 1787, aged 20 yrs. 13 d. (g. s.), buried on the Common. 

I)avid Brown died here, Oct. 11, 1816, aged 48 y. ; he was a car- 
penter by trade. His daughter m. Ichabod \\'ashl)urn. His widow- 
Lucy, d. Feb. 20, 1823, aged 47 yrs. (g. s. ). Their dau. Eliza, d. Sept. 14, 
1808'. aged 1 y. 4 m. 18 d. (g. s.") ; their daughter Lucy. d. May 31. 1819, 
aged lit y. ( g. s. ). 

Bruce. — Bruce. Elisha' (Roger-, John' of Marlborough) settled here, 
returned to Southborough. He had here by wife .Silence : Jotham, b. 
Apr. 13, 1720; Rebecca, b. ]\Iarch 6. 1722; Hepsibah. b. in Southborough, 
Dec. 30. 172."); Elisha, b. 1731. 

Buck. — Peter Buck, b. 17.jO, came here and in 1^6(;, when he was 16 
yrs. old. had Joseph Blair ajipointed his guardian ; fames McFarland 
surety on the bond. His father, Peter Buck, was "late of Boston." 
The Boston records give no clue to his ancestry, and from his asso- 
ciation with Blair, it is presumed that he was .Scotch-Irish. By wife 
Jemima he had here: James, b. Sept. 18, 1781: Jared, b. Oct. 18, 1783. 
The family left town about this time. 

Bull. — Isaac Bull of Worcester, a carpenter, was granted land Nov. 
5, 1686; recorded Oct. 20, 1713. He bought land here Jan. 4, 16,s6-7. 
four lots adjoining land of Isaac George and Digory Sargent, from 
William and Joan Weeks. The family did not join tlie permanent set- 
tlement, however. 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Bullard. — Robert^ Bullaid, b. in Eng. in 1509, died in Watertown, 
April 34. 1(J39 ; his widow Anne ni. Henry Thorpe. 

Bnllard, Benjamin- (Robert^), b. in Eng. about 1634; was brought 
up by one of his father's brothers in Dedham ; settled soon after 1655 
in Sherborn ; one of the founders of the town and church, a leading cit- 
izen. He d. Sept. 7, 1689; m. (1) Martha Pidge, dau. of Thomas and 
Mary; (2) 167T, Elizabeth Thorpe, dau. of Henry^ 

Bullard, Benjamin-' (Benj.-, Robert'), b. March 1, 1670, in Sher- 
born, d. about 1760: lived in what is now Holliston. He m. Tabitha 



Bullard. Jonathan* (Benj.'', Benj.=, Robert'), b. Oct. 24, 1706; d. 
at Barre June 4, 1784. He removed from Sherborn or Bellingham to Wor- 
cester in 1748 ; was afterward a member of the Holden church ; later went 
to Barre. His wife Sarah died at Sherborn, April 3, 1739, and he m. again, 

Sarah who d. at Barre, Apr. 21, 1795, aged 85 y. Of his children, 

Sarah and Samuel are recorded in the Wor. births. Children : Jona- 
than, b. Oct. 21, 1734, d. Sept. 30, 1824, at Hancock. N. H.; Sarah, b. 
March 14, 1738-9 (recorded at both Sherborn and Wor.); Samuel, b. 
April 21, 1743. m. Sarah Barbour from Worcester, lived at Barre and 
Hancock (See p. 49 Hist, of Sherborn); John of Barre; Isaac (?) of 
Barre. 

Bumstead. — Samuel Bumstead, son of Thomas of Boston, was b. in 
Wor. March 3, 1776. There was a Capt. Thomas of Boston, officer in 
the Revolution. The family did not stay in Worcester. 

Burr. — Benjamin' Burr, one of the founders of Hartford. 1635 ; died 
March 3. 1681. (See p. 230 old Burr gen.). 

Burr. Thomas- (Benjamin'). 

Burr. Hon. Peter" (Thomas-, Benj.') (Harvard 1690), was' in the 
magistracy from 1703, twenty-one years; judge of probate for Fair- 
field County, Ct. : judge of Superior Court of Ct. 1711-17, and 1722 to 
his death Dec. 25, 1724. 

Burr, Rev. Isaac* (Hon. Peter", Thomas-. Benj.'), b. 1694 (1698 in 
Lincoln) ; graduate of Yale, 1717; m. Mary Eliot, daughter of John, a 
merchant of Windsor, Ct. He was called to the pastorate here Feb. 10, 
1825, accepted, received a settlement of £200 with an annual salary of £80; 
was ordained Oct. 13, 1725. His ministry was long and peaceful until 
near the end, when there was trouble about his salary due to deprecia- 
tion in money. His health failed and at his own request a council was 
held in Nov., 1744. and in accordance with the judgment of that body 
he was dismissed in March, 1745. After his dismissal, he removed to 
Windsor. Ct. The coming of Whitefield to Wor. was in a measure 
also cause of the friction between pastor and people. In Nov., 1744, he 
was called to Windsor, Ct., where he preached until he died in 1752. He 
was "learned, eloquent and faithful." Children: John Eliot, b. in Wor. 
Jan. 29, 1 727-8 ; Isaac : Samuel ; Jonathan : Mary ; Prudence ; Lois 
m. Talmadge Bishop ; Thomas, b. in Wor. Nov. 17, 1743. 

Mr.' Burr bought of John and Susanna Harris of Middletown, Ct., 
Jan. 20, 1725-6, two-sevenths of the land of Daniel Henchman, undivided. 

Butler. — Stephen' Butler, b. in Eng. : came about 1640 with his 
mother Mary and settled in Boston. 

Butler, James- (Stephen'), m. Grace . 

Butler, James-' (James^ Stephen'), b. in Boston Aug. 21, 1688. He 
was one of the founders and owned what was afterward called the Ranks 
farm, the farm of Elijah Hammond on Mooreland St., and other lands. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



Butler never occupied his land, his death and that of his wife Abigail, 
preventing him. His son James, b. Dec. 4, 1T18, sold the Ranks farm in 
1737 to Joseph Wiley of Oxford and Eleanor Wallis, widow: he was 3 
Loyalist; fled to Halifax; spent his last days in what is now Millbury. 

Byfield. — Nathaniel, son of Rev. Richard of Long Ditton, Eng 
owned land here early. He was b. in Eng. IG.jlJ. was in Boston 1074; ni 
Sarah Leverett, dau. of Gov. Leverett ; was a member of the Artiller)- 
Co. ; settled in Bristol ; judge : speaker of the House 1G93 ; d. June 6, 
1733. John Smith of Boston deeded to Col. Xathaniel Bytield of Bos- 
ton, land here Dec. 29, 17"29. The family probably never resided here. 

Buxton. — William Buxton, m. June S, K7"). Marv ^Ldian. He was 
a soldier in the Revolution in Capt. John Cutler's cnmiiany, Col. Luke 
Drury's regt. IT.Sl. He bought land here in K^') of Robert Cook and 
William Mahan : sold land to Cook at the same time and to Stephen 
Hawes in 1790. Children b. here: Alarv. b. lulv 'iU. 17:."); Sarah, b. 
July 17, 1778: Jt.hn Canada, b. March 29, KSO:' William, b. Oct. 16, 
1782; Phebe, b. Sept. 24. 1784: Hannah, b. Mav :!1. KS(j ; Timothy, b. 
May 29. 1788; Betsey, b. April 11, 1790. 

Caldwell. — William Caldwell from Dunboe parish. Co. London- 
derry. Ireland, was one of the Scotch-Irish settlers, coming to this coun- 
try in 1718. aged -'U y. He m. .Sarah Morrison. He d. in Barre. 178:5. 
He bought land here of Moses Leonard on the road from Lake (Juinsig- 
amond to the Jonas Rice place. Feb. 1."). n2G. and of Moses Leonard of 
Brookfield land in common Dec. .">. 1T21I. He had sons lames and fohn. 

George Caldwell of Rutland m. in Wor. Ian. 29, 1707, Elizabeth 
Hart. 

John- Caldwell (William'), m. Jan. 8. ];40. in Wenham (record in 
Wor.) Elizabeth Perkins of Wenham. 

Seth Caldwell of Barre. m.. March i:!. 1^82. Mary Jones at Wor. 

Caldwell. .Sherift Willianr'. grandson of William', was sheriff of the 
county, 1793 to 180.5. His wife Charlotte d. Aug.. 180.5. She was a sis- 
ter of Francis Blake. He died July .5. 180.5. aged 52 yrs. following an 
attempt at suicide. On account of ill health and mental dej^ression he 
cut his throat, but recoxered from the wound. The Ijirth of one child, 
George Smith, Dec. 12. 1795, is recorded here. 

Cameron. — Duncan Cameron. Scotch-Irish settler, bought land in 
the County Goi^e between Wor. and Sutton, where he was living. .Sept. 
26, 1766. of John Smith Jr. He m.. May 8. 17G6, Mary Smith. "dau. of 
John. Children, b. here: Mary, b. May 11, 1768: Rebecca, b. Feb. 
4, 1771: Daniel, b. March 24. 1773. 

Carlisle. — James Carlisle settled in Worcester before March 22. 17.5-5, 
when he bought land here of Joseph Smith of Wor. He was here May, 
17G4, when he bought land in Spencer of Richard Beers of .Spencer. He 
m. Sept. 25, 1757, Lydia Jackson of Wor. Children 1). here: James, 
bapt. June 29, 1759;' John, liapt. June 24. 1759: William, 1). Aug. 30, 
1761; Lydia, b. Jan. 1, 1764. 

Carruth. — William Carruth was a half-brother of John, who lived in 
Marlborough and Northborough. They came from the north of Ire- 
land. William lived in Westborough April 22. Klo, when he l)ought 
of Daniel Rand of Shrewsbury land in that town. He was here Dec. 6, 
1753, when he bought land in Barre of Jonas Clarke of Boston. He died 
in Barre, 1799, his son Samuel being executor of his estate. By wife 
Margaret he had at Wor.: Jennet, b. Oct. 2, 1748; John, b. Mav 26, 
1751; Margaret, b. Aug. 12, 1753. 



72 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

William Carruth of Wor., son of John, had Thaddeus Fay appointed 
guardian, Sept. 28, 1772; John Carruth and Nathaniel Greenal of North- 
borough were sureties. 

Chadwick. — John' Chadwick and his brother Charles' were the first 
settlers of the family. Charles died without issue. John was b. in Eng. 
1601 ; d. at Maiden' 1681. 

Chadwick, John- (John'), was b. 16.51-2 at Maiden, legatee of his 

uncle Charles; lived in Watertown ; m. Sarah . He kept a tavern 

in 1693-4 at Watertown. Will, Ian. 31. 1710-1. 

Chadwick, John'' (John-, John'), b. April 9, 1681, m. Mar. 19, 1701-2, 
Hannah Barstow who d. in Wor. May, 1732, aged 53 vrs. She was b. 
Jan. 20, 1679. 

Chadwick, John' (John\ John-, John'), b. 1702, died at Wor. July 
17, 1768. aged 66 yrs. (gravestone on common). He m. Hannah, 
, who d. at Wor. May 4, 1752, aged 53 yrs. Children b. at Water- 
town and Wor.: Hannah, b. April 13, 1722; Lydia, Nov. 1, 1723, m. 
Thomas Adams; Abigail, b. Nov. 24, 1725, m. Col. Benj. Flagg; John 
and Elizabeth (who m. Flagg), b. Jan. 11, 1728-9; Lois, b. March 

7, 1729-30, m. Asa Flagg; Eunice, b. Nov. 21, 1731, m. Phinehas Glea- 
son; Susanna, b. 1733, m. Nov. 6, 1749, Matthias Stone; David and 
Jonathan, b. Mav 4, 1737 at Waltham ; Thomas, b. at Wor. Oct. 18, 1741. 

Chadwick John"- (John', John', John-. John'), b. Jan. 11. 1728-9. He 
d. Sept. 3, 1763 (g. s.) 36 y. ; m. Nov. 16, 1749, Lydia Gale; m. (2) Nov. 

8, 1756, Sarah Johnson. Children, b. W^or. : Hannah, b. Sept. 5, 1750; 
Lydia, b. ^larch 27, 1752; Daniel, b. April 4, 1754; Eunice, b. April 
29, 1756. By wife Sarah: Sarah, bap. Oct. 2, 1757; Sarah, b. Jan. 20, 
17(il; Isaac, ^larch 15, 1779, soldier in Revolution. 

Mrs. A (?) Chadwick, widow of John; she d. Dec, 1766, 

aged 46 y. (probably Sarah). 

Chadwick, Daniel" (John'', John', John', John-, John'), b. April 4, 
1754, d. May 23, 1836, aged 84 yrs. His wife "Elizabeth d. July 1, 1822, 
aged 61 yrs. (g. s.). Children b. here: Lydia, b. Feb. 14, 1780; Azu- 
bah, b. Sept. 8, 1781; John, b. Feb. 1783; Azubah, b. Mav 8. 1786; 
Daniel, b. Mav 22, 1788; Elizabeth, b. March 22, 1792; Marv^ b. July 3, 
1794; Charlotte, b. Aug. 12, 1796; Joseph, b. July 26, 1799. 

Chadwick, Isaac" (John''), b. March 15, 1759, d. Aug. 21, 1836. He 
was a pensioner of the Revolution. Certificate filed showing he left no 
wife nor children, brothers nor sisters, nor any other heirs. 

Chamberlain. — William Chamberlain, b. in Eng. about 1620, came 
with his brother rh(.)mas and settled in Woburn before 1648, removed 

to Billerica in 1654; d. May .31, 1706; m. Rebecca who d. Sept. 

26, 1692, in prison on a charge of witchcraft. 

Chamberlain, Jacob" (W'illiam'), b. at Billerica Jan. 18, 1657-8. 

Chamberlain, Jacob^ (Jacob-, W'illiam'), b. 1691; d. at Newton 
July 28, 17 n. He came to Newton with his father about 1700; select- 
man in 1746; m. Susannah .Stone, b. at Groton Oct. 23. 1694, dau. of Dea. 
Simon and Sarah. 

Chamberlain, Jacob' (Jacob', Jacob-, William'), b. at Oak Hill, 
Newton, Nov. 28, 1719; removed here early in 1742 and bought land 
of Richard Flagg on Salisbury street. This land was handed down to 
his son John and from him 72 acres of it to his son Thomas, and inher- 
ited by his sons Thomas and Robert H. Jacob was a farmer; selectman 
in 1761. In 17 74 he was a Loyalist and numbered among the internal 
enemies by the Committee of Correspondence in 1775, and disarmed. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 73 

He was later reported aniung others whom the selectmen deemed ene- 
mies of the "common cause." He was a deacon of the Old South. 1TT5 
to 1T90. He died March IT, 1790, and was buried on the common. His 
epitajjh reads: "Who fulfilled the office of deacon in the Church of 
Christ in Worcester for al)OUt 28 years with satisfaction to the church 
and honor to himself. He was possessed of good natm-al abilities, use- 
ful in society of which lie was a member Instructive and entertaining in 
conversation Compassionate to the afflicted Given to hospitality, sound 
in faith. And ntnv, we trust, has entered into his eternal rest." 

After coming here he m. at Newton, June 7, 1744, Lydia Stone, dau. 
of John and Abigail (Stratton) Stone of Newton. He ni. (2) Anna 
Hevwood, June ;i, 1769, widow of Abel Heywood Sr. Children, b. here:, 
John, b. July -22, 1745; Sarah, b. Jan. 26, 174G-7. d. Dec. 5, 183;!, m. 
Joseph Howard of Holden, Sept. i:?". 1770: Thaddeus, b. Nov. 17, 1748, 
m. Jan. 27, 1774, Judith Barnard; Susannah, b. June 10, 1751, died 
young: Jacob, 1). Sept. 19, 1753, m. (1) Lydia Buck of Sutton, March 18, 
1784, and, (2) Esther Kingsbury, Feb. 3. 1824; Lydia, b. Oct. 8, 1755, 
d. Oct. 5. 1841; m. Tyler Curtis, Sept. 5, 1776; Susannah, b. Nov. 22, 
1757, d. Dec. 16, 1745, m. Oct. 22, 1786, Benjamin Butman ; Abigail, b. 
Sept. 16, 1760, d. Feb. 2, 1829, m. Abel Heywood Jr., April 27, 1780; 
Mary, b. July 13, 1763, d. Sept. 31, 1802, m. Nathan Heywood of Shrews- 
bury, July 1," 1793; W'illiam, b. T"ly "25, 1767, d. May 6, 1853, m. (1) Jan. 
10, '1791,' Betsey Curtis, and (2) Oct. 11, 1810, Dolly Chadwick. By 
second wife; Anna, b. July 21, 1770, d. Feb. 1, 1838. Jacob's will men- 
tions wife Anna ; children — John, Thaddeus, Jacob. William, .Sarah Hey- 
wood, Lydia Curtis, Susannah Butnam, Abigail Heywood. Mary and 
Ann. 

Chamberlain, John" (Jacob^, Jacob', Jacob'-, William^), b. here July 
22, 1745. In Alay, 17 75, "he was disarmed by the Committee of Safety 
and Correspondence, being a Loyalist. He was selectman 1785 to 1795- 
97-98-1801, 1802, and deacon of the first church 22 years, succeeding 
his father in 1791. He died in 1813. His widow's dower was set off 
Sept. 13, 1813. In the probate papers are mentioned: John C, Thomas, 
Levi. Dolly and Mary Greenleaf. wife of Daniel Greenleaf. 

John m. at Won June 27. 17 71, Alary Curtis, b. Oct. 14, 1747. dau. 
of Capt. John and Elizalieth (Prentice) Curtis. Children, b. here: 
John Curtis, b. June 5. 1772, d. Dec. 8, 1834, lawyer at Charlestown, N. 
H. (p. 120 C. C. "Baldwin diary) : member of Congress; Elizabeth Pren- 
tice, b. Nov. 8, 1774; Henry \'assall. b. Jan. 11. 1777, lawyer and 
judge. Mobile, Ala.; Marv, b. April 8, 17 79. m. Daniel Greenleaf. .A-pr. 
3, 1800; Thomas, b. Mar'ch 6. 1783; Elizabeth, b. Alay 25. 1785. died 
young; Levi, b. May 14, 1788, lawyer. Keene, N. PL; Dolly, b. Jan. 
16, 1792, d. unm. 

Chamberlain, Thomas" (John"', Jacob*, Jacob"', Jacob-, William^), 
b. here March 6, 1783; was a school teacher at Tatnuck and Quinsiga- 
mond. He inherited his father's farm in the Chamberlain dist. and 
was one of the founders of the Wor, Co. Horticultural Society in 1840. 
He was crier of the Worcester court for 17 yrs. ; member and first pres- 
ident of the common council. In the militia he rose to the rank of 
brigadier-general. In politics he was a Whig, later a Repulilican. He 
attended the Old South Church. 

He m. (1) May 30, 1810, Nancv Woods of Groton. b. Feb. 19. 1781, 
d. July 25. 1831; ('2) Oct. 30. 1832'. Hannah Blair, b. Feb. 19. 1793. d. 
Au"g. 23, 1873, dau. of Robert' and Elizabeth (Harrington) Blair of Wor. 



74 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



He d. Sept. 5, 1855. Children h. here; Charles Thomas, b. May 30, 
1811, d. July 4. 1867. m. Sarah E. Hathaway, Sept. 21, 18-11; Nancy 
Woods, b. June 16, 1813, d. May 20, 1891, m. June 3, 1839, A. Watson 
Grant: George Alexander, b. Sept. 24, 181."). d. July 22. 1866, m. May 
8, 1858. Alartha W. Barnes: John Curtis, b. Oct. 7, 1817, d. July 23, 
1884. in. at Mobile. Ala.. Ilaniiah Elizalieth Chamberlain: Mary Eliza- 
beth, b. July 25, 1819, d. Julv 25, 1886, m. (1) Andrew Kettel'l Hunt, 
Dec. 7, 1843, (2) Herbert Curtis: Francis Henry, b. Sept. 5, 1821, d. 
Aug. 10, 1888, m. Lucy Parker; Sarah Jane. b. July 1, 1824. d. Dec: 4. 
1891, m. Massena Parker of Mobile. Ala. : Caroline Maria, b. Oct. 26, 
1826, d. April 27, 1854. ni. James P. Lowe of Washington. D. C. Chil- 
dren by second wife Hannah; Dolly Curtis, b. Feb. 10, 1834, d. Oct. 
4, 1872: Thomas Jr., b. June 4, 1835. m. .\ug. 31. 1858. .\ugusta Hovey : 
Robert Horace, b" June 16. 1838. 

Chamberlain. Gen. Robert Horace' (Thomas", John", Jacob*, Jacob-', 
Jacob-, William"), b. at Wor. June 16, J838, d. at Wor. June 28, 1910. 
He was educated in the public schools and Wor. Academy. At the age 
of eighteen, he began an apprenticeshi]) in the machine shops of Ball & 
Ballard, School street. He enli.sted in Co. .\. 51st Regt. Mass. Vols., 
Sept. 25, 1862, for nine months, and was made sergeant of his company. 
He took part in engagements at Goldsboro. Whitehall and Kinston. N. 
C, and was afterward at Fortress Monroe, White House, Baltimore. 
Harper's Ferry, and with the Army of the Potomac after the battle of 
Gettysburg. He was mustered out July 27. 1863. and reenlisted July 
20, 1864, in Co. F, 60th regt., receiving a lieutenant's commission. He 
was subsequently promoted captain. The regiment was assigned to 
Indianapolis, Ind., on guard duty over a camp of 5,000 Confederate pris- 
oners. He was mustered out Nov. 30, 1864, and returned to Worcester, 
where he worked at the trade of machinist until 1870, when he was 
appointed by Mayor Blake superintendent of sewers, a position he held 
until 1888. He resigned to become master of the House of Correction. 
From 1892 until he died he was sheriff of the county. 

For twelve years after the war he was active in the .State militia. In 
1865 he reorganized the Worcester City Guards and was captain for two 
years. He also reorganized a battery of artillery called the Chamber- 
lain Light Battery. He received a commission as major and was after- 
wards colonel of the Tenth Regt.. and brigadier-general of the Third 
Brigade, commissioned Dec. 31. 1868. He resigned and retired from the 
militia in 1876. From 1867 to 1870 he served in the common council. 
He was a prominent Republican. 

He was made a Mason, Sept. 9, 1862, in Montacute Lodge, Wor. ; 
became a member of Worcester Chapter, R. A. M., May 6, 1864; of 
Hiram Council, March 23, 1865; Worcester County Commandery, Dec. 
1, 1865. In 1892 he was elected grand commander of the Grand Com- 
mandery of Mass. He was a member of the Massachusetts Consistory; 
treasurer of the trustees of the Masonic Fraternity and of the Masonic 
Mutual Relief Association. He was a charter member of George H. 
Ward Post, No. 10, G. A. R. : member of the Military Order of the Loyal 
Legion. 

He m. Jan. 10, 1865, Esther Browning, b. July 12, 1841, dau. of 
Joshua and Lavina (Morse) Browning of Hubbardston. Children, b. in 
Wor.: Flora Browning, b. Aug. 16, 1868, m. Charles B. Weatherby, 
June 12, 1894; Mabel Susan, b. March 15, 1872. 

Chandler. — William' ('handler, b. in Eng., came with wife Annis 



AND ITS PEOPLE 75 

in 1(;;!7, and settled in Roxbur_\-. The}- were \iOuy. and during- u long 
illness of the father, the family was sustained hy neis^hljors ; he d. in 
1641 "having lived a ver}- religious and godl\- lite." His widow ni. 
three times after his death, and d. in lG8;i. 

fhandler. John-" (WilliamM settled at \\'< jodstock. I't. ; was a 
selectman and deacon there : d. 1703. 

Chandler. Judge John' (John'-, William'), nioxed trum Woodstock 
to New London, Ct., and in Klli.'S opened a tavern; returned to So. 
Woodstock; was deputy in 1711. \\'oodstock was included in this 
county when it was est. A[)r. 2, 1731. and Chandler was the first judge 
of probate, chief justice of Court of Con-imon Pleas and Cien. .Sessions, 
and he sta_\-ed on the bench as long as he li\-ed. He d. at Woodstock. 
Aug. 10. 1713. in his 7;)th year. While his father left an estiite of £.'J12, 
his inventory amounted to nearly £!».i)00. 

Chandler. Col. John' (Judge John'. John-. William'), h. in New 
London Oct. 18. 1693; ni. "(1) Oct. 23, 1716. Hannah Gardiner of the 
Isle of Wight, Ct.; m. (2) Jan. 2S. i;3i), Sarah (Clark) I'liine. widow 
of Nathaniel Paine and dan. of 'Pimothy Clark of P.oston. Hannah 
Gardiner w-as b. Dec. 11. Ki!)!), d. Jan. ."1. 1^3.s-:i. in this tiiwn and was 
buried on the common. She was a daughter of John and descendant 
of the pioneer Lion^ Gardiner (see [i. 146 Chandler Gen.). Ccd. L handler 
Avas a surveyor, laid out the town of Pomfret. and the m,-ip he made 
of it is still preserved in the town clerk's office ; sur\ eyed Win- 
throp's grant at Sturbridge. He w-as a coroner of Suffolk Co., 1729. 
He moved to this tow-n w-hen the county was formed; was moderator of 
the to-wn meeting, 1733. He was representati\e frcjm Woodstock and 
Worcester, 1732-3.5, 1738-39, .■')2-.")3 ; selectman here 1 ; :!:;-:!."i ; 1737-10; 
1742-d3; town treasurer, ]741-.")2. In 17;il he w-as apjxiinted clerk of 
courts here and held this of^ce until 17"il. From 'K.")! to li-VI he was 
sherifT, and during those years Tin-iothy Paine was joint-clerk. He w-as 
first register of jirobate. 1731-.r)4; register of deeds 1731-62. He was 
appointed judge .\pril 10, 17.j4. and in May. 17.57. became chief justice, 
■with Edward Hartwell. Thomas Steele and Timoth\- Ruggles. associ- 
ates. In 17.53 he w-as one of the commissioners to the Five Nations 
of Indians. 

Lincoln says: "On the death of his father, he succeeded to tlie 
higher offices of judge, colonel and councillor. Idis talents were rather 
brilliant and showy than solid and profound. With manners highly 
popular, he possessed a cheerful and joyous disposition, indulging in jest 
and hilarity and exercised liberal hospitalit}-. While judge of probate 
he kept open table on court da}-s for the widow-s and oriihans. Put 
Judge Chandler, was unquestionabh- not only the most influential but 
the ablest man in Worcester before the Revolution." He died on Aug. 
12. 1762. He gave to the Old South Church in 1737. a comn.iunion 
service, part of which is still preserved, and in 1740 he gave a Pdble to 
the church. He joined the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Co. of 
Boston in 1734. and was its commander in 1737. 

In an obituary in the Boston News Letter. .\ug. P2, 1762. it is said; 
"In his youthful days he w-as employed in the Treasurer's office in this 
Province and in the Secretary's office in Connecticut ; and being blessed 
with a sprightly genius, soon was introduced into public life. 
He was the oldest member of the General Court and was always held 
in high esteem by both houses for his capacity. ajUness. dispatch and 
faithfulness for his assistance in public affairs." He resided near the 



76 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

late Edward Earle's house. Summer street, and owned 500 acres between 
Lincoln and Summer streets, extending back to Chandler Hill. His 
portrait was painted by Smibert. 

Children by 1st wife: 1. Alary, b. New London. Sept. !•. K17. m. 
Benj. Greene. 'Z. Esther, b. Alav 2'i, 1719, m.. Rev. Thos. Clapp. 3. 
John. b. Feb. 26, IT'^O-l. 4. Gardiner, b. Sept. 18, 1723. 5. Sarah, b. 
Jan. n, 1725-C, m. 174!i, Timothy Paine (See Paine), il. Hannah, b. ¥th. 
1, 1727-S, m. May 17, 17.30, Samuel Williams. 7. Lucretia, b. July 18, 
1728, m. Sept. 1, 1761, Col. John Murray, the Mandamus Counsellor of 
Rutland, a leading Loyalist. 8. Elizabeth, b. Jan. 5, 1732-3, m. Sept. 20, 
176.3. Hon. James Putnam (see Putnam). !». Katharine, b. Nov. 28, 
1735: m. Levi Willard. Esq. (see Willard). 10. Child, b. and d. Jan. 
5, 1737-8. 

Chandler. Col. John' (Judge John\ John'-. John-. William'), b. in 
New London. Feb. 26. 172(")-1 ; m". (1) Mar. 4. "l74l)-l. Dorothy Paine. 
b. Tulv 20, 1723, d. Oct. 5, 1745. in this town. dau. of Col. Nathaniel 
Paine'(q. v.). He m. (2) June 11. 1746, Mary Church, who d. 1783, dau. 
of Col. Charles Church of Bristol. R. 1. Her sister Dorothy Church m. 
her husband's uncle. Samuel Church (4). Their grandfather was Col. 
Benj. Church, the famous Indian fighter. 

Starting with the prestige and commanding influence of his father, 
Chandler gained an even more important hold on the esteem and 
graces of the community. His influence until the Revolution was almost 
paramount. He was town treasurer from 1753 to 1760; town clerk 
1764-68; county treasurer 1762-75 and judge of probate 1762 to 17 74, 
succeeding his father and the third in succession of the name in that 
office. The three judges. John Chandler by name, held office from the 
beginning of the county until the Revolution. 

He was the chief military figure here during the French and ln<ii;ui 
War. He was colonel of the Worcester County regiment that marched 
to the relief of Fort William Henry, 1757. The proud and honorable 
career of Judge Chandler ended with the Revolution and his down- 
fall and exile with its attending stigma in the minds of the Whigs of 
his dav and their descendants, have left his name unhonored. In public 
life he was the foremost citizen, the highest judicial officer here, the 
ranking military ofiicer. Through his friends and relatives he exercised 
unlimited influence and his family formed the nucleus of the Worcester 
aristocracy of the colonial days. 

President John Adams wrote in his diary: "Col. John Chandler 
had occasion to send expresses often and, while kee])ing school in Wor- 
cester, I offered my services and was sent by him to the governor of 
R. L" On his return, he says: "I spent the night with Col. Greene at 
Bristol, whose wife is a Church, sister of Mrs. John Chandler. The 
Chandlers were well-bred, agreeable people, and I visited them often 
as mv school and my studies in the lawyer's office would admit." 

\\"hen the Revolution approached, he was staunch in his loyalty to 
the Crown and neglected no effort to block the action of the Whigs. It 
was his duty as a civil and military officer of the Crown and he per- 
formed it conscientiously without hypocrisy or timidity. Even his 
opponents recognized his motives and applied to him the name of the 
"Honest Refugee," a name that was further justified by his statement 
of damages presented to the British Commissioners appointed to give 
compensation to Loyalists. He left his home when the Revolution 
came, and went to London. The commissioners in charge of his prop- 



AND ITS P EOF LB 



erty valued it at £l4'..).j;). and he was doubtless the wealthiest man of 
this county at the time. He was one of the six Worcester men included 
in the act of banishment, requiring them to depart if they visited their 
homes, imposing the death penalty for a second visit. Of the six were 
his sons Rufus and William, his brother-in-law James Putnam and his 
nephew Dr. William Paine. Dr. Paine and William were eventually 
allowed to return here. But his estate \\as valued by the British Com- 
missioners at onl_\- £ll.0.J7, and loss of income, etc.. £(j,000 more, a tenth 
of the American valuation. His wife remained here and was allowed 
her dower rights, amounting to £"^.")..jOo when his estate was confiscated. 
He died in London Sept. 20, ISOO, and was buried in Islington church- 
yard. No trace of his grave remains. 

Judge Chandler was a just and learned jurist. He is descriljed as 
cheerful in temperament, engaging in manner, hospitalile as a citizen, 
friendly and kind as a neighbor, industrious and enterprising as a mer- 
chant and successful as a man of business. His homestead was on 
Harrington corner; his farm at Quinsigamond village, and he also 
owned the Summer street estate of his father ; land in Murrayfield and 
Norwich, in Hampshire county, Ro}"alston, land between Leominster 
and Westminster, and other real estate. 

Children: 1. lohn, b. .\Lirch 3, i:4-.^, m. Apr. 4, ITGG, Lvdia Ward. 
2. Gardiner, b. Dec. 1. 174:!, d. Dec. Ki. 174:;. :J. Clark, b. D'ec. 1. 1743, 
d. 1804. 4. Dorothy, b. Sept. It;, 174.'i, m. Samuel Ward of Lancaster. By 
second wife: 5. Rufus, b. Mav 18, 1747, m. Eleanor Putnam. (5. Gardiner, 
b. Jan. 27, 174'.i, m. Elizabeth" Ruggles. 7. Nathaniel, b. Nov. (j, 1750. 8. 
William, b. Dec. 7, 1752, d. Julv 1, 1703. <). Charles, b. Jan, 22, 1755, 
m. Sarah Mower. 10. Samuel, 'b. Feb. 25, 1757. d. (Jet. 25, 1813. 11. 
Sarah, b. Dec. 14. 1758, m. John Stanton (q. v.). 12. Alarv, b. Dec. 21, 
1759, m. Oct. 39, 1785, William Seaver. 13. Benjamin, b. Aug. 15. 1761, 
d. Dec. 16, 1775. 14. Francis, b. July 28, 1763: d. Dec, K;, 1775, 
drowned wdiile skating. Red Mill pond. 15. Thomas, b. Jan. 11, 17i>S. 

Chandler, Sheriff Gardiner^ (John^ John', John-, William'), b. in 
Woodstock, Ct., Sept. 18, 1723: m. (1) Hannah (jreene of Providence' 
R. L; she d. here Dec. 1, 1765; (2) Aug. 2, 1767, Anne Leonard of Nor- 
ton, dau. of ALijor George. He lived on Main St., opposite the Com- 
mon, in the house later occupied by Judge Ira i\L Barton, the section 
being known as Noliility Hill. The house was described l)y Rev. Dr. 
Timothy Dwight "as one of the handsomest I have seen in the interior 
of the country." Here the Tories gathered before the Revolution. He 
was selectman in 17 54-55-5(): comity treasurer 1754-62; succeeded his 
brother John as sheriff, 1762, and held office until the Revolution. 

He held the rank of major and marched with Capt. John Curtis's 
company to the relief of Ft. William Henry in 1757, proceeding as far as 
Sheffield. He was chosen collector of excise for the county, Feb. 5, 
1762. Sheriff' Chandler had presented an address from the Justices of 
the Court of Common Pleas at its session in June, 1774, congratulating, 
as was the custom. Gen. Gage on his appointment as first magistrate of 
the province, lamenting the disturbed condition of the times, bearing 
testimony against all riots, combinations and unwarrantable circulation 
of inflammatory papers by order of certain persons calling themselves a 
committee of correspondence for the town of Worcester, which they 
represent as stimulating the people to break off" all connections with 
Great Britain, and having a tendency to alienate the affections of the 
people from the mother country, and to create disorder and confusion ; 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



CDncUuling with the assurance of their exertions to (iiscountenance 
such proceedings, to sujjport the execution of the laws, and render the 
administration successful and prosperous. 

At the convention of the Committees of Correspondence at Worces- 
ter Sept. 21, 1TT4, legislative and executive authority was fully assumed 
and it was voted to appoint a committee to interview Chandler "for car- 
rying an address to Gov. Gage." Chandler appeared and signed an 
expression of regret for his action. The Spy of Sept. 15, 1T?4, says: 
"\Ve have received from Worcester the recantation of John Chandler, 
Esq., and forty-two others of the protestors against the proceedings 
of that town, which gave just cause of ofTence to the public; as also 
the acknowledgment of six Justices of that county, for having aspersed 
the people in an address to Gov. Gage. Want of room prevents their 
being inserted in this paper." The recantations were obtained by an 
overwhelming force. He lost his office, but did not leave town. He 
was a semi-invalid, suffering from asthma 20 years. He was a general 
merchant vmtil he l)ecame sheritif. He d. here June 28, 1782. His estate, 
valued at nearly £l(),()()0. was divided among his heirs in ITS.j. His slave 
Sylvia died in ^lay, 180.'), at the alleged age of 105. She was well known 
in her day. He had other slaves. Cumberland and Dinah, negro ser- 
vants, were married Nov. 29, 1767. 

Children, b. here: Hannah, bapt. May 8, 1757; Thomas, bapt. Jan. 
2. 175!); Gardiner, bapt. Feb. 38, 1762, d. y. ; Hannah, m. Nov. 10, 1778, 
John \\"illiams of Boston; Elizabeth, bapt. Feb. 14, 1764, m. Nathaniel 
Paine (q. v.). By 2d wife: Gardiner Leonard, b. Nov. 29, 1768. m. I.u- 
cretia Callahan Greene, dau. of Joseph and Mary (Greene) Greene. 

Chandler, Clark" (John-'. John', John'. John-, William'), was b. 
here Dec. 1. 1743; d. 1804: never married. In 1766 he was appointed 
joint register of probate with Hon. Timothy Paine and served until 
1774. He was town clerk from 1768 to 1775. He brought on himself 
the indignation of the strong Whig majority by entering on the town rec- 
ords without authority the boldest and most indignant remonstrances of 
the friends of the royal government. It was printed in the Boston 
Gazette July 4. 1774. signed by the Loyalists of the town, among whom 
were his father, brothers and other relatives. He was severely repri- 
manded in town meeting, and ordered to expunge the protest from the 
records. In open town meeting he blotted out the record, and the work of 
his pen being imsatisfactory, his fingers were dipped in the ink and 
drawn over the pages, which still remain in the town book. 

He went to Boston in June, 1775, by way of Newport and thence 
b\" sea to Nova Scotia, but in September returned, surrendered him- 
self and was committed to prison by order of the committee on suspicion 
of having held intercourse with the enemy. He was paroled Dec. 15, 
and allowed to reside in Lancaster. He afterward kept a store at the 
corner of Front and Main Sts. He died June 1, 1804, was buried in the 
Mechanic St. grounds, and his body reinterred in 1878 in Hope Ceme- 
tery. "He was rather undersize ; wore bright red small-clothes ; was 
odd and singular, Avhich often provoked the jeers and jokes of those 
around him, but which he was apt to repay with compound interest in 
the same coin." He was nearly lilind in his last years. 

Chandler, Rufus" (John'', John'', John\ John-, W'illiam^), was b. here 
May 18, 1747, m. Nov. 18, 1770, Eleanor Putnam, dau. of Hon. James (q. 
v.). He graduated at Harvard in 1766 in a class of 40 with the rank of 
fourth in "dignity of family." He read law in the office of his uncle Hon. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 79 



James rutnam. and practiced here until the courts were closed by force, 
Sept. (). liT4. lie signed the famous protest and when the war began, he 
went to England. He died in London, Oct. 11, 18"^;J, and was Iniried 
beside his father in Paddington churchyard, Islington. His estate was 
confiscated, allowance being ni;ide for the supjxirt of his daughter. His 
only child was Elizabeth I'utnam, 1). fiuie 1, 1)^1, m. .Sulomon \'ose of 
Xorthfield. 

Chandler, William" (John'. John'. Johir. luhir. William'), b. Dec. 
7, 17.-)"^; d. July 1, KIKi; graduated in W'i'i. first in his class on the "dig- 
nity of his family." He was one of the IS country gentlemen who 
addressed Gov. Gage on his departure and was for that and other acts 
driven from his home. In GIG he went to Halifax. After the war he 
returned to this t(_)wn and died here, unmarried. 

Chandler, Charles'' (John'', John\ John', John-', William'), was b. 
Jan. 'i. G.'i.'i; in. .Sarah Mower, dan. of (.'apt. .Samuel. She died Dec. ~i , 
ISO]. He had a store in I'utney, \ t., in Gs.'l, and afterward in this town, 
in ])artnership with his brother .Samuel, lie d. .\|)r. !•. GliS. His only 
child was Sarah, b. Dec. -.'■.'. Gin;. 111. Col. Samuel Ward, \Voodstock, \'t. 

Chandler, Samuel" (John\ John\ John', John-, Wm.'), was 1). here 
Feb. 2.3, G.:);; d. Oct. 2J, 1S13," buried' at Woodstock, \'t., a student at 
Harvard, but did not graduate; merchant in Putnev, \'t., with his 
brother Charles, buying land there in G8.j. He had the farm on Summer 
street and was in Inisiness with his brother Charles, dealing in general 
merchandise and making pearl, .-ind pot-ashes here, in \'ermont and 
Canada. He \\as town treasurer in Gl)-")-*';. He was granted leave with 
others to build a structure on the east side of the common for manufac- 
turing linen and cotton. He was a director of the Worcester Bank. 

Chandler. Ca]>t. Thomas" (John'', John*, ftihn , b'bn-, Wm.G. was b. 
Jan. n. G6S; m. Sept. 25, 1802, Eliza Davis, who d. here Oct. 16, 1808, 
aged 28, dau. of Rcjbert, and widow of William Dana, bv whom she had 
Adaline and William Dana Jr. She ni. (■'!) Dec. 18, 1805, Capt. James 
Bowen of Boston. Capt. Chandler graduated at Harvard in GST; was 
a merchant at Chester. \"t., and Worcester. His store here, conducted 
by Chandler & I-'arrar. was in front of the town hall. During the prep- 
aration for war with hrance in G!I8 he Commanded a Worcester com- 
jiany which w;is cantoned at ( ).\ford during the winter. His only child 
w;is Theoda ; d. June 18, 1S1:'>, buried at .S. Chester. \'t. 

(For descendants of the Chandlers of Worcester li\'ing elsewhere, 
see the Chandler Genealogy). 

Chapin. — Deacon SanuieP Chapin, b. in Eng.. came in l(i:i5 or earlier, 
li\ihg fur a time in Roxbury and went early to .Springfield, becoming 
the "right-hand man" of Pynchon : deacon of the church and la\- 
preacher in l()5()-i ; magistrate. His wife Cicel\- d. Fell. 8, lG82-:i; he 
d. Nov. 11, ig:5. 

Cha])in, Josiah- ( Dea. Samuel'), b. Hi:i4 ; m. (1) Mar}- King of 
Weymouth. .She d. May 30, 1GT6. He m. (2) at li>swich, Lvdia Brown. 
Septemlier 20. IGTG; she d. Oct. 11, Gil; (3) June 22, 1713, Alehitable 
Metcalf in Dedham. She d. Dec. 2, 1724; he cl. Sept. 10, 1726, aged 92 
yrs. He settled in Weymouth, removed to Braintree, where he lived 
20 yrs., and finally to Mendon, of which he was one of the original 
grantees, and in which he built the first sawmill. He was chairman of 
the Mendon selectmen twenty years, and deputy from that town to the 
General Court. The record of his children and grandchildren in his 
own handwriting has been preserved (see Chapin Gen.). 



8o 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 




KXIGHT HOUSE. BURNCOAT STREET. 




MARTIN WHITE HOUSE, SOUTHBRIDGE STREET. 




WILLIAM YOUNG HOUSE AT TATNUCK. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 8i 

Chapin, Capt. Seth^ (Josiah'-, Samuel'), b. Aug. 4, liJG8. at Brain- 
tree; m. (1) Mary Read who d. without issue Sept. 12, 168-it; {2} March 
25, 1G91, Bethia Thurston who died March 2, 1744. He d. April, 1746. 
He owned several hundred acres in what is now Milford. He held many 
places of honor and trust in Mendon. 

Chapin, Benjamin* (Capt. Seth", Josiah-. SamueP). b. in Mendon 
1712, came to Worcester from Uxbridge before 1700 and settled near 
what is now the Auburn line. He d. there May G. 1782. Children: 
Benjamin Jr., b. Dec. 24, 1751, soldier in the Revolution in Capt. Wil- 
liam Gates's company. Col. Jonathan Holman's regt. d. in the service 
Aug. 25, 1776, and his father was administrator of his estate. March 1, 
1777, his wife Dorothy d. July 14. 1775, aged 20 yrs, ; Eli. b. April 29. 
1754; Thaddeus. b. April 10. 1756: Zilpah. m. Cajit. Peter Slater (see 
Slater): Eunice, m. Nathan White (see White). 

Chapin, Eli" (Benj.'', Seth", Josiah-, SamueP), b. April 21i, 1754, was 
a soldier in Capt. Timothy Bigelow's co. on the Le.xington alarm, and 
afterward in Capt. Jonas Hubbard's co. B\- wife Margaret (Taft) Eli 

had here: Polly, b. Mar. 14, 1780, m. '— Blake: Cynthia, b. Apr. 

7, 1782, m. (1) Josiah Rice Jr.. (2) Jonathan Flagg: Rufus. b. Feb. 

28, 1784, died young: Chloe, b. Jan. 12', 1788, m. — Watson; Sally, 

b. Sept. 10, 1790, m. Silas Young; Elizabeth. 1). Sei)t. 25, 179:3: Relief, 
b. Aug. 13, 1796, m. James Campbell; Eli Taft. b. Apr. 19, 1800, died 
young. The will of Eli Chapin was allowed Feb. 1, 18:] 1. his widow- 
Margaret declining to administer; heirs — Cynthia Flagg. Sall_\' Havnes, 
Chloe Watson, Betsey Chapin. Relief Campbell and Eli Taft Chapin. 

Chapin. Thaddeus^ (Benj.*, Seth', Josiah-. Samuel\), b. April 10, 
1756, d. Alar. 31, 1831, aged 75 y. He lived in what is now Auburn. He m. 
June 29, 1780, Lucy Whitnev, dau. of Capt. Joshua Whitnex- ; she d. June 
1, 1847, aged 88 yrs. His wifl. Aug. 24. 1828, bequeaths to wife Lucy and 
children — Lewis. Benjamin. Jemima Coes, Dolly Trowbridge and Cather- 
ine. Children, b. here : Dr. Benj.. b. June 17, 1781. d. Jan. 15, 1835, studied 
under Dr. John Green, town clerk, 1818-33, m. (1) Comfort Bancroft, who 
d. July 14, 1814, aged 29 y., (2) Hannah Patch who d. Dec. 21. 1834. aged 
33 y. ; Luther, b. Oct. 5, 1783, lived in Ware, father of Capt. Charles S. 
Chapin of Wor. ; Jemima, b. Jtrlv 12, 1785. m. William Coes. a black- 
smith ; Catherine, b. Alarch 17, 17'87 ; Dorothy, b. Nov. 4. 1789. m. Wil- 
liam Trowbridge, later of Sheboygan. Wis., son of Dea. William Trow- 
bridge ; Dea. Lewis, b. May 27, 1792, d. Nov. 25. 1874, m. Achsah Trow- 
bridge, dau. of William ; Leonard, b. July 19, 1801. 

Child. — Williant' Child or Childs settled in Watertown and died 
early. 

Child, Richard- (William'j, b. in Watertown, 1631; m. (1) Mar. 30, 
1662, Mehitable Dimmock, dau. of Thos. She d. Aug. 1, 1676; m. (2) Jan. 
16, 1678, Hannah Traine, dau. of Thos. He was a legatee of his uncle 
Ephraim Child. He d. Nov. 11, 1694. 

Child, John"' (Richard% WilliamM, b. at Wat. May 16. 168;: m. 
1714, Experience Fuller, who d. 1770. They lived at Newton. Chil- 
dren: Richard, b. Jan. 16, 1716; John, mentioned below; Abigail, m. 
Jonas Ward. (p. 506 Child Gen.). 

Child, John^ (John^ Richard% William^), b. Oct. 6, 1717 : m. 1738, 
Tabitha Segar. He d. Nov. 10, 1745. His widow was appointed admx. 
1745. Tabitha was appointed guardian of her son Jonathan. Julv 24, 
1747; Joshua Child, surety. Children: Tabitha, b." Feb. 14. "l 742, d. 
Nov. 8, 1745; Elizabeth, Feb. 15, 1743-4; John, b. ALarch 2, 1746; Jona- 
W.— 1-6. 



82 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

than, was taken prisoner at Fort William Henry in 1T56 and kept pris- 
oner at Montreal until 1758. 

Child, Joshua' (Richard-, William^, b. Dec. 30, 1682; m. 1720, 

Sarah . He settled in Worcester. Children: Sarah, b. Feb. 2, 

1721; Joshua, b. Sept. 26, 1725; Thomas, b. Sept. 25, 1726; Hannah, b. 
Oct. 10. 1727, m. May 18, 1758, Peter Newton; Josiah and Mary, b. Dec. 
20, 1728; m. Aug. 3,"l7o3, Experience Read; Abraham, b. April 26, 1732. 

Child, Joshua Jr.^ (Joshua^ Richard^, William^), b. Sept. 26, 1725; 
m. Mary Hinds of Shrewsbury, June 2, 1748. Children, b. here; Joshua, 
b. April 29, 1749; Mary, b. Aug. 13, 1750; Lucretia, b. June 10, 1752; 
Jason, b. July 21, 1754; Phineas, bapt. May 1, 1757; Enoch, b. June 13, 
1758: Aaron, b. April 19, 1760. 

Church. — Garrett' Church, b. Eng. 1611, settled early in Watertown 
and had by wife Sarah six children. 

Church, Dayid- (Garrett\), b. at Watertown, Sept. 1, 1657, m. Mary 
. He kept a tavern' in Watertown; remoyed about 1700 to Marl- 
borough; m. (2) 1710 Mary Wilder. 

Church, Ephraim' (Dayid-, Garrett'J, b. Dec. 18, 1714, m. Feb. 3, 

1736, Sarah Gale. Children, b. here: Susanna, b. Apr. 3, 1736; Lydia, 
b. Jan. 29, 1739; Sarah, b. Oct. 7, 1742, at Marlborough; Stephen, b. 
Feb. 12, 1744-5; Paul, b. May 6, 1747, at Rutland; Silas, b. May 6, 1747, 
at Rutland; Asa, b. Sept. 10, 1749; Mercy, b. April 27, 1752, at Rutland. 

Clark. — John Clark, from Ireland, came here with the first Scotch- 
Irish in 1718-9 and remained. Children: Matthew; Thomas; John 
went to Susquehanna, Pa.; William; Samuel; James; George went to 
Colrain : Sarah and Elizabeth. William, m. April 17. 1739, Mary Smith, 
of Rutland. James Clark had here by wife Mary: George, b. April 11, 

1737, and John, b. May 7, 1739. John Clark had bv wife Agnes: (jeorge, 
b. at Wor. May 12, 1722. 

Clark. Matthew- (John'), d. 1^49, m. Jenette Bothwell. dau. of 
Alexander and Jane (Doneca) Bothwell. She d. May, 1789. Children, 
b. here; Jane, b. Feb. 7, 1727, m. Andrew Smith of Holden; John, b. 
July 1, 1728, m. Betsey Stewart of Colrain; Alexander, b. July 23, 1730, 
m. Elizabeth Doneca, lived at Shelburne ; Agnes, b. June 2, 1732, m. 
Daniel Danielson, Colrain; William, b. 1734, m. Elizabeth Patterson; 
Hannah. 1736, m. Joseph Cowan, Colrain; Elizabeth, b. 1738, m. Wil- 
liam Stewart, Colrain; IMargaret, b. 1740, m. Peter Harwood, settled 
in Bennington, Vt. : Sarah, b. 1742, d. 1758; Matthew, b. 1744, m. Jane 
Workman, lived in Colrain. and d. April 18, 1813. 

Joseph Clark, b. 1695, died at Wor. June 8, 1772, aged 77 yrs. (g. s.). 
He came from Pomfret about 1730. He was a house wright by trade. 
He sold here Nov. 4, 1731, to John Smith of Leicester, land in south part, 
adjoining Capt. Jonas Rice's, Zebadiah Rice's and Daniel Bigelow's. 
His estate was settled by agreement among the heirs June 29, 1772. 
Heirs: Wife Sarah and children — Joseph, soldier in Rev., d. Auburn, 
Dec. 26, 1807, aet. 88; Jerathmel Wilder, Jonathan Stone, Solomon Bix- 
bee, Sarah Wilder, Mary Stone, Esther Bixbee and Priscilla, wife of 
Aaron Wilder. I'irths of children recorded here : Hannah (b. at Pom- 
fret) Sept. 20, 1728; Rebecca, b. June 2, 1730; Joanna, b. May 14, 1732. 

Joseph Clark, son of Joseph, m. Abigail and had at Wor.: 

Abigail, b. June 9, 1744; Elizabeth, b. Nov. 13, 1748; Samuel, b. Sept. 
28, 1766. 

Elisha Clark, soldier in Rev., m. at Wor. June 7, 1778, Mary Bige- 
low, and had at Wor. : Charlotte and David, bapt. Oct. 15, 1780. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 83 

Jonas Clark (if Ijoston, brazier, owned several tracts of land in 
Worcester, lie liciut^-ht land here of Thomas llaggett, March 22, 1734; 
of James Taylor, Jan. 2^, 1:^4-5; of Richard Wheeler, Oct. 5, 1725, and 
of Isaac \\heeler of Medtield, Dec. 38, 1733. Some of the other Clarks 
may have inherited this land. He was a soldier in Rev. 

.\dam Clark of this town was one of the founders of Pelham, 1738. 

Goes. — John' C'oes. ancestor of .all of this surname, was born in 
174S, prcjbal)ly in .Scotland, and settled before the Revolution in Wor- 
cester. Jrie died here fune 34, 1837. aged 79 vrs. Children bv wife 
Rebecca, b. here: Daniel, b. Dec. 19. 177G; Simeon, b. July 9, 1781, d. 

March ;!, l.s;i;i. m. Sabra : William, b. Feb. 19. 178G, d. April 17, 

lS3!t; Salh. b. Jan. 33, 1787, m. John Pratt of Fitchburg, Dec. 39, 1811; 
Marv. b. Nov. 38, 1791. d. Sept. 13, 1831; Levi, b. Oct. 38, 1793; Elijah, 
b. May 19. i:!i,"); Samuel, b. Aug. 8, 179S. 

Coes, Daniel- (John'), was b. here Dec. 19, 1776, and brought up on 
his father's farm in New Worcester, died Jan. 36, 1838; m. Oct. 36, 1808, 
Roxana or Roxlanv Gates (see (jates). Children: Sallv, b. Feb. 23, 
1810. d. Feb. 16. 1833; Loring, b. April 32, 1813; Albert, Sept. 29, 1813, 
d. Fell. i;>. 1S37 : .\ury Ciates. b. Jan. 22. 1816. (See biographies). 

Cook. — The ancestry of the various Cook families of Worcester have 
not been traced. 

Elijah' Cook. m. l)ebiirah . d. about 1743. He bought land 

in Wor. of Thomas I'arker. Feb. 3, 1736-7; administration granted 
Feb., 1 74;>-4. but estate not divided until ,\pril 13, 1768. Heirs: Widow 
Deliorah ; children — Enoch, Robert, Sarah, m. Timothy Green ; Mary, 
m. Ezra I'arker: Deborah Cook. Two of the children were b. in Wor.: 
Robert, b. July 38. 1739, and Mary, July 17, 1736. 

Cook. Enoch-', son of Elijah', m. Nov. 31, 1745, at Leicester, Lucy 
Rice. Children, b. here: Eunice, b. Mav 3, 1746; Elizabeth, b. .Sept. 
10. 1 747 ; Hannah. !>. Nov. 1, 1748 ; Sarah, b. Aug. 22, 1750 ; Elijah, b. Feb. 
9. 1753: .Solomon, bapt. !March 4. 1753; Nathan, bapt. Feb. 1. 1756; 
Eunice, bapt. Nov. 13. 1757: Jane, bapt. April 8. 1759. 

Cook. Robert", son of Elijah', m. Feb. 1. 1770, Elizabeth Parker. 
He died in 1796. He was a militia ca])tain. Children, h. here: Han- 
nah, b. Ian. 31, 1773; Elizabeth, b. Oct. 16, 1774; John, bapt. Tune 10, 
1781; Molly, bapt. June 15, 1783; Asa, bapt. May 33, 1791. 

Oliver Cook, son of Josejih, b. at Newton June 1, 1735, was in Wor- 
cester as early as 1760. Alatthew Gray and William Young, executors 
of will of Adam Knox, late of Wor., deed land here to Oliver Cook, black- 
smith, and Daniel Knapp, both of Newton ; land in W^or. on the road from 
\\'or. to Sutton. .A])ril 1, 1760. Daniel Knapp of Newton deeds to Oliver 
Cook of Worcester three lots here June 31, 1760. William Parker of 
Newton deeds to Oliver Cook of Wor. quitclaiming land here Sept. 21, 
1763. He m. (1) Huldah Knapp and had at W. : Hannah, b. Mar. 13, 
1758; Calel). b. Feb. 19. 1759. By wife P.eulah. Oliver Cook had here: 
Joseph, 1). Oct. 36, 1761, and a child bapt. Jan. 37. 1763. 

George Cook liy wife Phebe had here: .Sophia, liapt. June 13. 1785; 
James, bapt. March 18, 1787 : John, bapt. .\ug. 15, 1790. 

Joseph Cook of W'eston. descendant of Gregor}-, m. Minthsell Hyde 
and settled in Newton where his son Oliver ^\-as b. June 1. 1735, (p. 
849 Jackson's Newton). 

Coolidge. — Nathaniel, descended from an (.ild Watertown family, 
married Catherine, daughter of Nathan Baldwin. 



84 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Capt. John Coolidge, son of Nathaniel, died here Jan. :^0, 1824, aet. 
35 y. (g. s.). He was ensign of the Wor. Lt. Infantry, 1814, afterward 
captain. 

Nathan B. Coolidge, son of Nathaniel, d. June .j, 1813, aet. 20 v. 
(g-s.). 

Cowan. — Ephraini Cowan of this town was one of the founders 
of Pelhani in 1T38. 

Cowden (Cowdin). — James' Cowden, believed to be son of Thomas, 
was b. in the north of Ireland in 1695; settled in Worcester; in 1731 
bought land at North Worcester and cleared a farm that now lies in 
Holden. In 1T40 James and his son David were among the petitioners 
for the incorporation of Holden, then a part of Wor. He d. Oct. 1, 1748, 
"having gone to Worcester to execute his will just written, he was taken 
suddenly ill and died in a few hours." He left a considerable estate. 
His widow administered. She m. (2) Capt. James Craig, a prominent 
citizen of Rutland, April 16, 1755, and she d. Feb. 19, 1776. Children of 
James Cowden : David, captain in the Revolution ; Thomas ; Mar- 
garet : William, captain in the Revolution; Samuel: Elizabeth; Rob- 
ert: John : James. David, James and John invested in Xew York lands; 
John settled in Canada; David and James at Cambridge. Washington 
County. Xew York: Robert at Princeton; William in Worcester and 
Rutland, and Samuel in Rutland. 

Cowden, Capt. Thomas'- (James'), b. in Ireland Dec. 25, 1720. His 
education was received chief!}' in the home in North Worcester under 
the instruction of his father and he became well versed in jurisprudence 
and in Roman, English, Scotch and Irish history. In youth he served 
an apprenticeship to a blacksmith in Marlborough and afterward opened 
a shop here on Main st. He belonged to a troop of horse, and was ser- 
geant in the old French and Indian War, sailing in the expedition against 
Louisburg, Alarch 24, 1745, and distinguishing himself during the fight. 
Afterward he was stationed at Charlestown, N. H., and on one occasion 
was detailed with two soldiers to carry dispatches to Ft. Dummer. 
Meeting hostile Indians, the party scattered, Cowden reached Keene, 
N. H., and a company of soldiers was sent to escort him to Ft. Dummer. 
Sergt. Cowden sailed from Boston, May 20, 1755, in the expedition 
against Nova Scotia and continued in the service to the end of the war. 
He was commissioned ensign, Sept. 24, 1756; lieutenant Feb. 21, 1760; 
was detailed to search for deserters April 17, 1761 ; commissioned cap- 
tain April 12, 1761, and his commission is now in the Wallace Library, 
Fitchburg, with another captain's commission of later date and a com- 
mission as justice of the peace. 

In 1764 he bought of Samuel Hufit his property in Fitchburg and 
in Jul}- moved thither. The house had been used for a tavern and for 
ten years he continued to keep a public house. In recent years the 
location has been known as the Gen. Wood place. Pearl street. He gave 
land for the meeting house and served on the building committee. He 
was town clerk of Fitchburg, selectman and on the school committee ; 
in 1770 he was the largest taxpayer. He was at first opposed to the 
Revolution, but he sent his son Thomas with a load of provisions for 
the minutemen on the march to Lexington. In 1777 he served in the 
company from Fitchburg on the Bennington alarm and in 1779 com- 
manded a company. During Shays' Rebellion he was again in the gov- 
ernment service. He was a representative to the General Court. More 
details of his life may be found in the Cowden ^lemorial. (See proceed- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



ings of Fitchburg Hist. Society, 1898). He died at l-"itchburg, April 
23, 1T95. He used the spelling "Cowdin." 

He m. Nov. 19, 1T48, Experience Gray of Wor. She d. April 8, 
i;60; he m. (2) Oct. 2, KCl. Hannah Craig of Rutland. She d. at Fitch- 
burg, July -iO, 1823. The births of the children are recorded in Fitch- 
burg in the father's own writing. Children: Thomas, b. Mar. T, 1734, 
at Worcester ; Experience, b. Jan. 10, 1T37, at Wor. ; Hannah, b. June 23, 
1763. Born at Fitchburg: Joseph, b. July 5, 176o; Angier, b. July 13, 
1767: Daniel, b. Oct. 30, ITG'J; James, b. Mar. 30, 1772. The Worcester 
records show also: Robert, bapt. Nov. 5, 174!); Molly, bapt. .A.ug. 11, 
1749. Thomas and Experience were bapt. at Worcester. 

Cowden, William- (Thomas'), m. Mary Henry of Lunenburg, Sept. 
7, 1757, at Lunenburg. He died in 1778 and at the request of his widow 
Mary his father was appointed administrator, Dec. 2, 1778. Children 
b. in Wor.: William, b. June 6, 1758, (soldier in Rev.), d. Albany 
Grand Hospital, Oct. 21. 1777; Eleanor, bapt. Sept. 14, i:(ii), (Nelly, 
bapt. Sept. 7, 1760, may be the same); Mary, b. May 14, 17i>:'. ; Eliza- 
beth, b. May 24, 1766. ' 

Godwin, Samuel- (Thomas?), by wife Margaret had in Wur. : James, 
b. Sept. 21, 1756 : Molly, b. Feb. 16, '1758; Margaret, bapt. Dec. 27, 1761; 
Samuel, bapt. July 22, 17 70. 

Craft (Crafts). — Lieut. Griffin' Craft, came from Eng. in 1630 with 
wife Alice and dau. Hannah ; settled in Roxbury. He was deputy to the 
General Court 1638-63-64-65-66-67, and for more than 20 years lieuten- 
ant; selectman most of the time from 1650 to 1673; commissioner from 
1659 to 1670. His wife Alice, d. March 24, 1673; he m. (2) July 15. 
1673, Ursula (Adams) Robinson, widow of William, and daughter of 
Henry Adams of Braintree ; (3) Dorcas Ruggles. He d. Oct. 4. 1689. 

Craft, John- (Lt. Griffin'), b. July 10, 1630, the first child born in 
Roxbury; m. (1) June 7, 1654, Rebecca Wheelock, dau. of I^t^alph and 
Rebecca of Dedham ; m. (2) Mary Hudson of L3'nn. 

Craft, Ephraim^ (John-, Griffin'), b. at Roxlniry. 

Craft, Thomas* (Ephraim'', John-, Griffin'), was b. at l-loxbury, 
April 8, 1706; m. Oct. 31, 1728, Ann White, dau. of Edw. and Sarah 
(W'ilson) White. He was a carpenter; member of the Sons of Liberty. 

Craft, Edward'' (Thomas'*, Ephraim', John-, Griffin'), was 1). in Bos- 
ton. Oct. 12, 1746; m. in Lexington, June 16, 1768, Eliot* Winship. dau. 
of John^ and Bethia, granddau. of Edward- and Rebecca (Barshaw) 
and great-great-granddaughter of Lt. Edward' Winship. She was b. 
Jan. 28, 1745. 

Edward^ Craft was a British officer before the Revolution ; was 
in Paddock's Artillery, Boston; member of the Sons of Liberty. He 
was in Capt. Benj. Flagg's company on the Lexington alarm and in 
the battle of Btmker Hill ; later was captain in Col. Richard Gridley's 
regt. From 1772 to 1779 or later, his home was in Worcester. He 
removed to Murrayfield, now Chester, thence in 1792 to Middlesex, 
Ontario county, N. Y. During the trip west, his daughter Hannah was 
taken by the Indians, recaptured by her brother Edward. Capt. Edward 
died April 11, 1806; his widow lived at Palmyra, N. Y. ; went thence 
with Nancy Keyes to Geauga co., Ohio, and d. there Dec. 17, 1832, in 
her 87th yr. Of their children, the two eldest were born in Boston, the 
four youngest at Chester ; the others in Worcester. Children : Ed- 
ward, b. March 7, 1769 ; John, b. Nov. 2, 1770. At Worcester: Ann, b. 
July 22, 1772; Elizabeth, b. April 3, 1774; Edward, b. Feb. :, 1776; 



86 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Hannah, b. Nov. ai, ITTT; Mary, b. Sept. 3, UT!). At Chester: Thomas, 
b. June 14, 1782; Eliot, b. Nov. 1, 1786, died voung; Eliot, b. |an. 28, 
1788; William, b. Dec. 21, 1789. 

Crawford. — Robert' Crawford, one of the Scotch-Irish settlers, had 
here by wife Mary: John, b. Dec. 17, 1726; David, b. April 2ii. i:28; 
Mathew, b. Jan. 1, 1729-30. He also had Robert, John and Dr. William 
and probably others. His wife Mary, d. at Wor. Jan. G, 1729-30, aged 
26 yrs. 

Crawford, Robert- (Robert'), m. at Lancaster, Jan. l.'i, 1 Uio. Eliza- 
beth Leitch, had by wife Elizabeth in Wor.: James, bapt. May 25, 
1766; Manasseh, bapt. Oct. 25, 1767; Mary, bapt. Jan. 29. ntii); Reuben, 
bapt. March 17, 1771; John Green, bapt. Apr. 18. i:;3. Robert bought 
land of Daniel Heywood in Wor., May 15, 1769. He was in the Rev.; 
died at Royalston Sept. 10, 1785. 

Crawford, John- (Robert'), b. Dec. 17, 1726; m, at Wor.. July 28, 
1757, Martha Smith. They had a son William, b. here Fel). 21. "i;60. 
William Crawford of Shrewsbury quitclaimed rights in a lot in Xorth- 
borough to John Crawford, March 4, 1759. 

Crawford, Dr. William- (Robert'), married Mary . and they 

had here: James, bapt. Sept. 16, 1770. He lived here; bought here 
May 13, 1748, of Daniel Heywood, land located on Milestone Hill. He 
was a school teacher, clergyman and physician. In 1757 he was chap- 
lain to a company sent to the relief of Fort William Henr\-. In 1758 
he taught the village school here and boarded with Dr. Willard "47 J/1 
weeks at 6 shillings a week." In 1759 he was chaplain of Col. Abijah 
Ward's regt., and in 1760 surgeon in regt. of Gen. Ruggles. His will 
bequeathed to wife Martha and children: Robert, John, William, Jo- 
seph, Elizabeth, Mary, Margaret, Sarah: to grandson William Craw- 
ford. His brother John Crawford was executor. The will of his widow 
Martha, Nov. 24, 1768, bequeaths to son-in-law Robert Smith ; Mary 
Kelly, wife of Richard Kelly ; Margaret, wife of Samuel Smith ; Martha, 
wife of John Crawford ; Sarah Kelso, wife of John. Her brother-in-law 
John Crawford of Shrewsbury was executor. 

Crosby. — Simon' Crosby, b. in Eng. in 1608, sailed in the ship Susan 
and Ellen in 1634 with wife Ann and son Thomas. He settled in Cam- 
bridge, where he was selectman in 1636 and 1638. His home was on 
what was later Brattle street, near the old Brattle House. He d. Sept., 
1639 ; his widow Ann, m. (2) Rev. William Thompson of Braintree. 

Crosby, Joseph^ (Simon'), was b. July 5, 1669; m. May 6, 1691, 
Sarah French, dau. of Lt. William. He owned a right in Worcester. 
He deeded a third of a 40-acre right here to son Jos., Oct. 28, 1718, 
bought of Col. Tyng, 1717, soon after the permanent settlement. He 
deeded land to John Stearns in the south part of Wor., Jan. 6, 1725-6. 
Children, b. in Billerica: Joseph, b. Sept. 3, 1692; Sarah, b. June 12, 
1694; Rachel, b. April 18, 1695, m. Samuel Stearns; William, b. Feb. 
13, 1697-8; Mary, b. Jan. 12, 1699-1700, m. Eleazer Ellis; Thomas, b. 
Oct. 2, 1701; David, b. March 27, 1703; Prudence, b. May 11, 1705; 
Hannah, b. March 9, 1706-7; Deborah, b. July 13, 1709, m. Peter Rus- 
sell; Robert, b. July 20, 1711 ; Peletiah, b. Nov. 5, 1713. 

Crosby, Joseph^ (Joseph^, Simon'), b. in Billerica, Sept. 3, 1692; d. 
1746, in Wor. His estate was divided Aug. 21, 1746, among his heirs: 
widow Hannah; children — Joseph, Benjamin; granddaughter Hannah 
How, dau. of James How, guardian; Isaac Miller and wife; Joseph 
and Hannah Crosby, minors. A petition by the heirs is signed by Ben- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 87 

janiin, Joseph, Austin How, guardian of Hannah How, Isaac Miller, 
guardian for Isaac Stearns. The daughter Catherine had a guardian, 
her mother Hannah, appointed Dec. 19, 17-16; Benjamin Crosby, surety. 
Children of Joseph and Hannah, b. in Billerica; Benjamin, 1). June 15, 
1715; Hannah, 1). Nov. 13, ITIG. Born here: Sarah, b. May 15, 1719; 
Joseph, b. Aug. Ui. K31; Catherine, b. Nov. G, 1733, m. Isaac Stearns, 
Nov. 7, 1751. 

Crosby, Joseph' (Josei)h', Joseph-, Simon'), b. here Aug. 1(3, 1731; 

m. Hannah . Children b. here: Katherine, bajH. Jan. 18, 1756; 

William, bapt. May 9, 1756; Lydia, b. Nov. 10, 1757; Elizabeth, b. May 

30, 1759 ; Stephen, b. March 29, 1761 ; Jonathan, b. Dec. 30, 1762 ; Joseph, 
b. May 20, 1764; Hannah, b. Oct. 10, 1765; John, b. July 6, 1767. 

Crosby, Benjamin' (Joseph", Joseph-, Simon'), h. June 15, 1715, at 

Billerica, m. (1) Sarah ; (2) Abiah . Children, b. here 

by first wife: Hannah, b. Aug. 26, 1741; Benj. and Sarah, b. Nov. 11, 
1743. By 2d wife: Benjamin, b. July 13, 1746; Rebecca, b. Oct. 13, 
1747; Hepsibah, b. April U, 1752; Cliarles. b. June 10, 1754; .\biah, b. 
Feb. 2, 1756; Simon, b. Jiuie 1, 1757, soldier in the Revolution; Elisha, 
b. Nov. 22, 1761, soldier in the Revolution; Mollv, b. March 20, 1762; 
Lucy, b. May 8, 1766. 

Crosthwayt. — Charles Crosthwayt deeded land in Wor. to Palmer 
Goulding, Nov. 16, 1721. This land was originally graiited to George 
Danson of Boston. Crosthwayt was living in Salem County, New Jer- 
sey, when the deed was made. 

Croxford. — There are some indications tiiat this surname is identical 
with Crawford. In the census of 1790 no Croxfords are found, but in the 
Revolutionary rolls of Mass. are found Croxfords of Roxbury ; Wil- 
liam Croxford of Sutton ; John of Scarborough ; Daniel of Rochester. 
Under Crawford, however, there is a cross-reference to Crawford. Wil- 
liam Croxford, probably Scotch-Irish, m. at Wor. (int. Oct. 10, 1772), 
Sarah Smith. He was a soldier (bombardier) in Capt. William Todd's 
CO., Col. Thos. Craft's regt. in the Revolution, 1776. They had here: 
John, bapt. Sept. 5, 1779; also Molly and Sarah; William, bapt. Sept. 
30,1781; Hannah, bapt. Sept. 26, 1784. 

Cummings. — Robert Cummings of Concord bought land of Richard 
Temple of Shrewsbury, April 4, 1728, in Wor., but appears not to have 
lived here. Elijah and John Cummings of Wor. were in the Rev. 

Cunningham. — David Cunningham, m. in Wor., Aug. 10, 1757, 
Eleanor Wallis (Wallace), and had ch. b. here: Rebecca, b. Dec. 20, 
1760. They moved away soon. Both were doubtless Scotch-Irish. 

Joseph Cunningham was from Wor. in Rev. 

Curtis. — Henr}' Curtis came from Eng. in 1635, aged 27 yrs., in the 
ship Elizabeth and Ann, settled at Watertown, later at Sudbury, in 1639. 
He was a wheelwright. He m. about 1640 Mary, daughter of Nicholas 
Guy of Upton Gray, County Southampton, Eng. He is mentioned in 
the will of his sister Joan Parker of St. Saviour's, Southwark, Co. 
Surrey, Eng., 1674. He d. in Sudbury, May 8, 1678: his widow Mary, 
d. there Dec. 3, 1682. (See N. E. Reg. 1907, p. 258). 

Curtis, Lt. Ephraim- (Henry'), b. March 31, 1642; d. before May, 
1684; served in K. P. War. He bought of Mary Noyes (widow of 
Thomas of Sudbury), land here Sept. 20, 1670, and sold 500 acres near 
Lake Quinsigamond (between the Home Farm and Adams Square) to 
John Curtis. He had a brother John who d. unm. at Sudbury, Dec. 

31, 1678. The final adjusttnent of the trouble which followed his pur- 



88 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



chase of the Noyes land gave him 50 acres within and 250 acres outside 
the town. (Mass. Col. records, Vol. V, p. 10). Bodge says: "Eph- 
raini Curtis was an important personage in the negotiations at this time 
(1675) and in the subsequent events. He was . . . about 33 yrs. 
old at this time, a notable scout and hunter, well versed in Indian ways 
and intimately acquainted with many of these tribes. He was also a 
trader and had a house at Worcester." (Soldiers of K. P. War, pp. 
104-5). Never married. 

Curtis, Joseph- (Henry^), b. in Sudbury, July 17, 1647, d. there Nov. 
26. 1700. Served in K. P. War under Capt. Thos. Prentice. He m. at 
Sudfiury, Feb. 5, l(i7 7, Abigail Grout, b. in Sudbury, Oct. 14, 1655, d. 
there April 2S, 1745, dau. of Capt. John and Sarah (Busby-Cakcbread) 
Grout. His will. Nov. 23, 1700, proved Dec. 16, 1700, bequeathed to 
wife Abigail (exx. ). son Ephraim ("all my rights, titles and interest that 
is belonging to me in Woster") ; son Joseph and daughters Abigail, 
Mary and Sarah. The inventory shows that beside other real estate he 
had a farm of 250 acres in Worcester and a 50-acre lot. (Mdlx. Prob. 
No. 3729). 

Curtis, Ephraim'' (Ephraim''. Joseph-, Henry'), b. Sudbury, July 15, 
1706, settled here. d. here Jan. 1, 1747-8. His father deeded to him 250 
acres on the Sutton line (Wor. Deeds V, p. 405). He was of Wor. when he 
m. in Sudl)ury, Dec. 23. 1729, Mary Rice, b. 1706, d. in Wor., Dec. 1, 
1745, dau. of Isaac and Sibyl (Collins) Rice of Sudbury. Children, b. 
here: Samuel and Judith, b. Sept. 20, 1730; Mary, b. March 5, 1732, d. 
unni.: Abigail, b. June 21. 1734, m. Feb. 20, 1755, Ebenezer Staples; 
Ephraim. b. Sept. 6, 1736; Oliver, b. Jan. 29, 1740, soldier in Rev., m. 
April 7, 1763, Mary Damon and had in Wor.: William, b. July 29, 1763, 
(probably father of Oliver of Auburn, who m. 1797, Judith Chase) ; 
Judith, b. Oct. 15. 1744. 

Curtis, Capt. John^ (Ephraim*. Joseph-, Henry'), b. in Sudbury, 
Sept. 20, 1707, settled in Worcester, where he d. June 29, 1797. He was 
captain in a compan}- at the relief of Fort WMlliam Henry in 1757 ; signed 
the Tory protest in 1774, but recanted and returned to favor. Froin 
1754 to 1774 he kept a tavern in Wor. He m. (1) in Sudbury, June 
4, 1729, Rebecca Wight, b. Jan., 1709, d. in Wor., March 24, 1755, dau. 
of Benj. and Elizabeth (Newell) Wight; m. (2) in Lancaster, Nov. 13, 
1755, Elizabeth Prentice, bapt. in Lancaster, Nov. 22. 1713, dau. of Rev. 
John and Mary Prentice, and widow of Daniel Robbins. By first wife, 
all b. here except the eldest: Jonathan, b. in Sudburv, Aug. 9. 1729, d. 
Jan. 4, 1732-3; John. b. Mav 19, 1731; Jonathan, b. May 15, 1733; 
Sarah, b. Jan. 27, 1736-7, died 'young; Elizabeth, b. Dec. 28, 1738; Wil- 
liam, b. Feb. 8, 1740-1, d. Apr. 16, 1749; Rebecca, b. Nov. 5, 1742, d. 
Oct. 5, 1745; Joseph, b. Oct. 31, 1744, d. Sept. 20, 1745; James, b. Sept. 
8, 1746; Mary, b. Oct. 3. 1747. m. June 27, 1771, Dea. John Chamber- 
lain (See Chamberlain) ; Sarah, b. x^ug. 28, 1749, m. Capt. William 
Jones; William, b. Jan. 29. 1750-1, served in the Revolution, m. in Wor., 
Aug. 25. 1771, Sarah Tatnian, b. in Wor., May 1, 1751, dau. of Jabez and 
Sarah (Gookin) Tatman (q. v.) and had Mary, bapt. Oct. 18, 1772, 
and Sarah; Joseph, bapt. March 21, 1752, served in Revolution; Tyler, 
b. Apr. 28, 1753. 

Curtis, Samuel-% Esq. (Ephraim*, Ephraim'\ Jos.-, Henry'), b. here 
Sept. 26, 1730, d. here Oct. 18, 1814; was justice of the peace; lieutenant; 
member of important Revolutionary committees ; deputy to the General 
Court 1778-85, 1802, 1804, 1806. He m. in Wor., Mar. 30, 1757, Mary 



AND ITS PEOPLE 89 



Ward, 1). in Wor., Nov. 8. n;i5, d. here June :i. ls:iO. dan. of Maj. Daniel 
and .Marv (Stone-Coggin ) Ward. Children h. here: Sanuiel, baiU. 
Jan. -^J, r:.ji», d. v.: Mary, bapt. Feb, 10, KCU. d. Oct. \2, ]S;5!), unm. : 
Capt. Samuel, bapt. Oct. 11, 17(51; Ephraini. bajit. Apr. ■i, 1763; Sarah, 
bapt. June 2',i, Kti,"), m. Dec. 1, 1T91, Samuel Boyden ; Levi, bapt. Oct. 
4, iro": : Lucretia, bapt. May 27, 1770, m. Jan.'l, 1800, Aaron Flagg : 
Lydia. bapt. July 2(1, ]7 7v;, d. y. : .Azuh;ili, b;ipt. Ian. '''i, 1775; Lydia. 
bapt. Aug. 13, 1780. 

Curtis, Eiihraim" (Ephraim', Ephrainr. Jcisejih-. llenryM. b. here 
Sept. ti, 17:3(.i, m. here Dec. 4, 17();i, Sarah I'ainc. dau. of Nathaniel and 
Elizabeth (Gallup) Paine. Children, b. here: Ephraiin, (b. ?) d. in 
Wor., Oct. ;t, 18;3!t, aged 75 yrs. ; Dolly, bapt. May G, 1765; Sarah, b. 
May 9, 17(i7, m. Jan. v'S, 17!h'), Ebeneze'r Mower; Nathaniel, bapt. July 
16, 'l7(;!); Elizalieth, bapt. Nov. :'>. 1771, ni. Jan. 10. 17'.)1. William Cham- 
berlain; Catharine, bapt. Jan. '■i'-'i. 17T4; Mary, bapt. Feb. 18, 1776. 

Curtis, John^ (JohnS EphrainT\ Joseph-, Henry^), b. here May 19, 
1731, d. here Dec. 13, 1768, m. here May 15, 1755, Elizabeth Heywood, 
b. here Sept. 14, 173'^, died in Shrewsbury, May 16, 1777, dau. of Phine- 
has and Elizabeth Heywood of Wor. Children, b. here: Rebecca, b. 
Feb, 13, 1756, m. Dec. 'l9, 178-<i, Samuel )ohnsnn; Elizabeth, b. Feb. 26, 
1758; John, b. Nov. 14, 17 60; David, bapt. Jan. 30, 1763; Nathaniel, 
bapt, Aug. 18, 1765, d. June 28, 1818; Dorothy, bapt. July 26, 1767, in. 
Dec. 5, 1787, David Craige. 

Curtis, James"' (John\ Ephraim', Josejih-, Henry'), 1). here Sept. S, 
1746, d. Jan. 19, 1789, in Princeton, where he settled: m. here May 24, 
1770, .Sarah Eager. Children: Azubah, bapt. here Jan. 20, 1771; So- 
phia, m. Jan. 1, 1795, .Samuel .Smith; Elizabeth; James; Tyler, m. Mar. 
18, 1802. Maryan Flagg; Eager: .Sarah. 

Curtis, Joseph"' (John^, Ephraim', Joseph". Henry'), bapt. at Wor., 
March 21, 1752, settled in Shrewslmry ; m. in Shrewsbury, Aug. 1, 1774, 
Eleanor Flint, b. here Feb. 22, 1758, dau. of Dr. Edward and Mary 
(How) Flint. He was in the Rev. from Wor. Children born in Shrews- 
bury : Eleanor, b. Dec. 15, 1774. l)apt. in Wor., April 9, 1775, m. here 
May 19, 1796, jason Fuller; Catharine, b. .Vug. 28, 1776, bapt. in Wor., 
Sept, 15. 1776," d. Nov. 15, 1777; William, b. Ian. 23, 1779; Marv, b. 
July 23, 1781; Catharine, b. Sept. 19, 178:;. 

Curtis, Tyler"' (John', Ephraim-', Joseph-. Henry'), b. here April 28, 
1753, d. here Apr. 16, 1807, m. in Wor., Sept. 5. ]77(i, Lydia Chamberlain, 
b. here Oct. 8, 1755, d. here Oct. 5, 1841, dau. of Jacoli and Lydia (Stone) 
Chamberlain. Children, b. here: Tyler, b. Feb. 15, d. May 23, 1777; 
Rebecca, b. July 20, 1778, m. June 4, 1804, Rev. David Long; John, b. 
Apr. 5, 1781, d. Sept. 14, 1783;' John, b. Dec. 23. 1783, d. Aug. 3, 1826, m. 
Mar. 16, 1807, Nancy Stowell ; Sarah or Sallv, b. Apr. 3, 1786, d. Julv 
24, 1788; Dolly, bapt. Aug. 25, 1788, d. Jan. 20, 1791; Elizabeth Pren- 
tice, b. May 17, 1791, m. June 24, 1812, Jonathan Wright; Nathaniel, 
b. Aug. 29.^1793. d. March 28. 1810; Samuel, b. June 12. 1796, d. May 
17, 1811; Tyler, b. Feb. 29, 1800, d. March 17, 1842. 

Curtis, Samuel" (Samuel'', Ephraim\ Ephraim'', Joseph", Henry'), 
b. here; bapt. Oct. 11, 1761, d. here Jan. 29, ISll, m. (1) here Aug. 
20, 1785, Eunice Flagg, b. here July f(!. 1762, died here Aug. 32, 1802, 
dau. of Col. Benj. and Abigail (Chad wick) Flagg; m. (3) Eunice 
(Taft) Stowell, widow of David .Stowell of Uxbridge. Children i)y first 
-wife, b. here: Sally, b. Nov. 25, 1786, m. Ebenezer Reed; Abigail, b. 
Feb. 23, 1788; Aaron, b. May 5, 1790, (see Sumner Pratt); Samuel, b. 



90 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

April 17, 1792; Ephraim, b. Apr. 8, 1794; Lydia, b. May 22, 17U6; John 
B., b. Apr. 29, 1798, d. July 29, 1833; Benjamin Franklin, b. Sept. 7, 
1800, m. in Auburn, April 4. 1831, Hannah S.. Wakefield. By 
2d wife: Albert, bapt. July 13, 1807 (see biography); William, b. 
1809, m. Caroline Tompkins; Eunice, bapt. Oct. 31. 1810, m. Chas. 
P. Bancroft, d. 1893. 

Curtis, David" (John^ John\ Ephraim^ Joseph-, Henry'), b. here 
Jan. 30, 1763, d. here Feb. 12, 1813, m. here Dec. 5, 1791, Susannah Stone, 
b. in Rutland, Jan. 7, 1772, d. here Dec. 16, 1830, dau. of Lieut. Samuel 
Jr. and Dorothy (Fletcher) Stone; she m. (2) Dec. 9, 1817, Silas Bige- 
low. Children, b. here: Dolly Frazer, b. Oct. 16, 1792, d. Aug. 26, 
1796; Susanna, b. May 15, 1794, d. May 1, 1795; Betsey (?), bapt. 
June 15, 1794; George, b. Feb. 23, 1796, lived in Wor., Providence, R. 
I., and N. Y. City; m. (1) Mary E. Burrill ; (2) Julia Bowen, d. in 
Jacksonville, Fla., Jan. 9, 1856, (father of George William Curtis) ; Dolly 
Frazer, b. Jan. 1, 1798, m. Sept. 16, 1823, Dr. John Green (See Green); 
Susanna, b. Sep. 14, 1799, m. Oct. 24, 1827, Horatio Rogers ; Juliana, 
bapt. March 29, 1801; Edward Whiting, bapt. Jan. 30, 1803, d. y. ; 
Edward Whiting, b. Jan. 5, 1806, settled in R. I.; Rebecca Jenison, b. 
Dec. 18, 1808, m. May 21, 1844, Thornton Alexander Merrick; Mary 
Palmer, bapt. Jan. 26, 1812. 

Cutting. — Richard' Cutting, b. in Eng., 1633, came in the ship Eliza- 
beth of Ipswich, in 1634 when 11 yrs. old with Henry Kimball, settled 
early in Watertown. His wife Sarah died there Nov. 4, 1695. His 
will was dated June 34, 1694, and he died Mar. 21, 1695-6. He was a 
wheelwright. Children : Zechariah, James, John, Susanna, Sarah and 
Lydia. 

Cutting, John- (Richard'), d. at Watertown, July 18, 1689. He mar- 
ried Susanna Harrington, who m. (3) Eliezer Beers; (3) Jan. 2, 1704- 
1705, Peter Cloyes. 

Cutting, George"' (John-, Richard'), b. at Watertown, Apr. 26, 1686, 
m. Jan. 3, 1709-10, Mary Brown. He settled in Watertown, later at 
Cambridge Village (Lexington). Children, b. at Wat.: Lydia, b. Feb. 
3, 1710-1, m. Nathaniel Goddard ; Mary, b. Oct. 3, 1712, m. Henry Bond; 
George, b. July 15, 1716; Hannah, bapt. June 8, 1718; John, b. Aug. 
18, 1719. At Camb. Village; Abraham, b. July 6, 1722; Elizabeth, b. 
Feb. 17, 1723; Grace, b. March 5, 1724-5; Josiah, b. Apr. 21, 1727, at 
Shrewsbury; Eunice, b. May 5, 1728; Samuel, b. Nov. 18, 1730; Je- 
mima, b. June 10, 1732. 

Cutting, George* (George^, John-, Richard'), b. at Watertown, July 
15, 1716. By wife Judith he had here: John, b. Jan. 1, 1749; George, 
b. July 4, 1751 ; Judah or Judith, b. July 8, 1753. 

Cutting, Zechariah- (Richard'), b. about 1645 in Wat., m. Sarah 



Cutting, Zechariah'' (Zechariah-, Richard'), b. about 1670 in Wat. 
The name of his first wife is not known. He m. (2) May 5, 1701, Eliz- 
abeth Wellington, b. April 27, 1685, dau. of Joseph and Elizabeth (Strait) 
Wellington of Wat. His first wife was mother of Jonas, Sarah and 
Lydia ; the second, of Elizabeth, Susanna and Sarah. 

Cutting, Jonas* (Zechariah^, Zechariah^, Richard'), b. 1695 at Wat., 
lived there until 1734 when he removed to Shrewsbury; m. Dinah Smith, 
Mar. 6, 1719-20. Will, Sept. 33, proved Nov. 1, 1745. Children: Jonas, 
b. Sept. 9, 1720; Zechariah, b. May 28, 1722; James, b. Mar. 8, 1723-4; 



AND ITS PEOPLE . 91 



Lydia, b. Apr. 2.-.. K-.T, ; I'"rancis, 1). Sept. 24, 1728: Dinah, m. Micah 
Pratt; Salmon, b.apt. July \3, r,:>:>: Eliphalet, b. July 12, 1738. 

Cutting, Franci.s^ (Jonas*, Zecliariah', Zechariah-, Richard*), b. in 
Wat., Sept. 24, 1728, lived in Shrewsbury and Worcester. He was a 
soldier in the Rev. at the siege of Boston and in 17 7!< at Rutl.and. He ni. 
May 11, 1750, Thankful Warren, b. May 29, 1730, in Weston, dau. of 
Jonathan and Sarah (Whitney) Warren. Children born in Shrews- 
bury: Jonas, b. Jan. 14, 1750-1; Zebulon, li. Dec. 1, 1751; Sarah, Dec. 
1(), 1752; born in Worcester: James, bajit. (Jet. 20, 1754; James, b. 
May 1, 175(;: Francis, b. Nov. 20, 1758; r.enjamin, bapt. Aug. 26, 1760, 
soldier in Rev.; .Susannah, b. Oct. 5, 1762; John, b. March 12, 1765; 
Benjamin, b. Aug. 19, 1766; David and lonathan. b. .\ug. 19, 1768; Reu- 
ben, b. Sept. 16, 17 71. 

Dana. — Joseph Dana who m. Mary, vvid. of Jonathan Moore, came 
fruui I'unifret, Ct., sold the Moore farm in 1740 to Francis Harring- 
ton. 

William Dana, descendant of Richard who settled in Cambridge 
before 1650, and died there Apr. 2, 1690, was a soldier in the Revolution 
from Wor.. in Capt. Timothv Bigelow's co., 1775. He d. at Belpre, O., 
in 1809. By wife Marv he had at Wor.: Luther, bapt. Sept. 26, 1773; 
William, bapt. Oct. 1.5, 1775; Edmund Bancroft, bapt. Feb. 32, 1778; 
Stephen, bapt. Nov. 7, 1779. 

Davenport. — Thomas^ Davenport, b. in Eng., settled in Dorchester 
before 1640, and d. there Nov. 9, 1()85. Will, July 24, 1683. His widow 
Mary, d. Oct. 4, 1691 (see gen.). 

Davenport. Charles- (Thomas'), bai^t. at Dorchester, Sept. 7, 1653, 
d. Feb. 1, 1720; m. Waitstill Smith, b. Jan. IJ, 1659, d. -Aug. 9. 1747, 
dau. of Quartermaster John and Katherine Smith. He was ensign ; 
selectman of Dor. 1700-1714. His home was on Washington st., Bos- 
ton ; his estate was valued at £27,000. 

Davenport, Charles^ (Charles", Thomas'), b. at Dor., Feb. 15, 1700, 
m. May 3, 1733, Jemima Tolman, dau. of Thomas and Experience. She 

d. Feb. 17, 1735. He m. (3) Joanna . Children by first wife at 

Dorch. : Susanna, bapt. March 3. 1733, d. 1738; Jemima, b. Dec. 35, 
1724; Waitstill, bapt. Nov. 13, 1737; Charles, b. March 5, 1730; Susan- 
nah, b. July 39, 1733; Abigail, at Wor., Oct. 29, 1734, d. Jan. 30, 1735, 
at Wor. By second wife, at Wor.: Thomas, b. April 19, 1736, m. Oct. 
35, 1759, Abigail Wilder; Samuel, b. July 4, 1738, d. at Wor., Jan. 13, 
1743; Paul, b. Aug. 39, 1743; John, b. Sept. 1, 1743; Elijah, b. Feb. 7, 
1744-5, m. Apr. 11, 1764, .A.bigail Clark. 

Davenport, Charles* (Charles'*, Charles-, Thomas*), b. at Dorch., 
March 5, 1730, d. at Dummerston, Vt., April 35, 1805; m. Apr. 16, 1755, 
Mary Hart of Leicester, b. Mar. 7, 1734, d, June 33, 1830. His widow 
m. (3) Alexander Katern. Children, b. here: Elizabeth, bapt. April 
35, 1756; Mary, bapt. Oct. 1, 1757; Jemima, bapt. May 13, 1759; James 
Hart, bapt. Jan. 1, 1764. 

Davis. — Dolor Davis, immigrant ancestor of Hon. John Davis 
and Hon. Isaac Davis, was born about 1593 in England, died in 
June, 1673. He came with his brother-in-law Major Simon Willard in 
1634 and located in Cambridge ; his wife Margaret and children came in 
1635. He soon moved to Duxbury, and was one of the foimders of 
Barnstable in 1643. In 1655 he removed to Concord ; owned land in 
Groton but did not settle there ; in 1666 returned to Barnstable and 



9-' HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

lived tliere until he died. He married in East Fairleigh, County Kent, 
March vJO, l(J2-t, Margary Willard (see Early Settlers). 

Samuel- Davis, son of Dolor', was born about 1640, died after 1720. 
He lived in Concord and Groton ; married (1), at Lvnn, Jan. 11, 1665-6, 
Mary Meddowes; (2) Oct. 19, 1711, Ruth Taylor.' 

Lieut. Simon-' Davis, son of Samuel-, was born in Concord, Aug. 9, 
16S.'5, died Feb. 16, 1763. He was one of the founders of Rutland, 1720; 
town officer; removed to the north part of Worcester about 1727 and 
was licensed as a tavern keeper here in 173-1 and afterward. When 
H olden was set off, he was moderator of the first town meeting, 1741, 
and afterward held various town offices. 

Simon' Davis, son of Lieut. Simon', was born in Concord, May 17, 
1714, (lied .\pril 9, 17o4. He lived in Rutland; married Hannah Gates. 

Deacon Isaac'' Davis, son of Simon^, was born in Rutland, Feb. 27, 
1749, died April 27, 1826. He was brought up by his sister, Mrs. Miriam 
Fairbanks, in Sterling : lived later with his brother David in Paxton ; 
learned the trade of tanner. In 1770 he moved to W'estborough and in 
1781 to Xorthborough, where he bought a farm and built a tanyard. 
He was representative 1787-1798; deacon 1795-1825. He served in the 
Revolution; was commissioned first lieutenant in Capt. James God- 
frey's company. He married. Ma}' 21, 1772, Anna Brigham ; second, 
Dec, 1804, Susanna (Baker) Harrington; third, Oct. 3, 1816, Eliza- 
beth (Baker) Thurston. Children: Phineas, mentioned below; Jo- 
seph, b. Feb. 28, 1774; Anna, b. June 19, 1777; Isaac, b. Sept. 23, 1779; 
Sarah Breck, b. Aug. 6, 1782; Samuel, b. Jan. 22, 1784; Hon. John Da- 
vis, governor, b. Jan. 13. 1787 (see biog.); Hannah, b. Dec. 10, 1789; 
Eliza, b. Oct. 15, 1794; Rebecca, b. July 18, 1796. 

I'hineas'' Davis, son of Dea. Isaac^, was born at Northborough, Sept. 
12, i;^2; was a tanner and currier there; for many years a magistrate; 
died Xov. 3, 1834; married. Oct. 29, 1793, :Martha Eager, born Nov. 26, 
1773, died Feb. 2^, 1854. Children: Francis, b. March 5, 1794; child, 
Feb. 1. 1796; Rebecca, b. March 14, 1797; Hon. Isaac (see biography); 
Phineas, b. Feb. 28, 1801; Wilham Eager, b. Nov. 25, 1803; Martha, b. 
Nov. 4, 1805; Sarah Fairbanks, b. March 13, 1808; Susan Baker, b. 
Mav 1. 1810; Simon, b. Jan. 10, 1813. Andrew fackson, b. March 
15, '1815. 

Honorable Isaac" Davis, son of Phineas" Davis, was born in North- 
borough, Massachusetts, June 2, 1799. In his youth he attended the dis- 
trict schools of his native town and devoted his spare time to the work 
of the farm and shop. Doubtless he would have learned the trade of a 
tanner but for an accident that for a time disabled him. While recover- 
ing from this injury, his mind turned towards law as a profession and 
he determined to follow in the footsteps of his uncle, John Davis, who 
was then just beginning to practice. In seeking a college education and 
professional training, he had nothing but his own ambition and energy 
on which to rely, for his father had a large family and modest income 
from his business and farm. At Leicester and Lancaster academies he 
fitted for college, and entered Brown University in 1818, graduating 
with the degree of bachelor of arts in 1822. W'hile a college student 
he paid his way by teaching school and giving lessons in penmanship. 
After graduating, he became a tutor in the university at a salary- of $400 
a year, and at the same time began to study law in the offices of General 
Carpenter, then one of the bright lights of the Rhode Island bar. But 
after a few months, he resigned his position as tutor to devote all his 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



93 



time to the study of law, in the office of Lincoln & Davis, in Worcester. 
The firm was prominent and enjoyed a large and varied practice. Dur- 
ing his leisure hours, he managed to earn something by copying deeds 
in the office of the register. Soon after he became a law student in 
Worcester. Air. Lincoln was elected Lieutenant (jovernor and a year 
later was appointed justice of the Supreme Judicial Court. 

This appointment and other honors that followed, virtually removed 
Mr. Lincoln from practice, and when Isaac Davis was admitted to the 
bar in 1825, he proposed that his uncle should receive him into part- 
nership, but the uncle thought it best for the young man to begin prac- 
tice alone in some smaller town in the countv and come to the county 
seat after he had established a reputation and practice of his own. Not- 
withstanding the advice of Governor John, however, Isaac Davis o]jened 
an office in Worcester and had soon established himself in practice. Com- 
petition was strong in those days. Worcester lioasted of a famous 
galaxy of legal lights. The eloquent Francis Blake, riin\- Merrick, 
Emory Washburn, Charles .Alien, John Davis and Ira M. Barton were 
among the great lawyers of the state at that time. The success of the 
young lawyer is indicated Ijy the fact that within three years of his 
admission to the bar, his office dockets showed that he had been 
employed in more than two thousand cases. \Vithin two years of his- 
beginning, his uncle offered him a partnership on far better terms than 
the young man had been willing to accept at first. The offer was 
declined. His success was remarkable and his practice soon exceeded 
the capacity of an}- ordinary man. As his fortunes imjiroved, his inter- 
ests were extended beyond his profession. He had faith in the city 
and freely invested in real estate and in various industrial .and financial 
concerns. His services as director in financial institutions and manu- 
facturing corporations were year by year in greater demand. He was 
president of the Quinsigamond Bank from 183G to 1842, and from 
185-1 to December, 18T8, when he resigned on accoimt of advanced age; 
president of the State Mutual Life Insurance Company from 1854 till 
1882, and of the Merphants and Farmers Fire Insurance Company from 
its organization in 1S4G till his death : president of the Mechanics Sav- 
ings Bank from its organization in 1851 till 1855: director of the Prov- 
idence and Worcester Railroad from 185T to 18 i 8, when he declined a 
reelection : director of the Worcester and Nashua Railroad from its 
opening in 1848 to 1853, and again from 18T4 to 1ST9, being one of the 
first subscribers to its stock in 1845. He was several years president of 
the Worcester Agricultural Society and Worcester County Horticultural 
Society, and in other wa}s promoted those great interests. 

Col. Davis took an early interest in military matters, and [per- 
formed duty as a private in the North Infantry Company in Worcester 
from 1822 to 1825, when he was elected lieutenant of the company. He 
was commissioned Sept. 1, 1825, and was elected captain in 182(5. In 
April, 1827, he was chosen major of the sixth regiment, Massachusetts 
militia, and was chosen colonel of the regiment in 1828, serving till May, 
1831, when he resigned and was honorably discharged. He was an 
honorary member of the Worcester Light Infantry for over half a cen- 
tury. His interest and judgment in military matters were appreciated 
by his appointment in 1832, by Gen. Cass, then secretary of war in the 
■cabinet of President Jackson, as one of the board of visitors to West 
Point Academy, and he was president of the board in 1854. 

In 1823 Col. Davis volunteered as a private in a fire engine com- 



94 HISTORY Of WORCESTER 

pany, of which he rose to be commander, and when the fire department 
was chartered in 1835 he was api>ointed chief engineer, holding the office 
for two 5'ears, when he resigned. In 182 T he was elected a member of 
the Worcester Fire Society, of which he was a member for over half a 
century. He wrote an historical sketch of 2.3 of the past members, fol- 
lowing that previously given by Gov. Lincoln of the 22 earliest members. 

In his connection with numerous religious organizations. Col. Davis 
was president of the Massachusetts Baptist state convention in 1838, 
'39, and '40, and over forty years life director of that body ; president of 
the American Baptist Home ]\Iission Society from 1848 to 18.5.5 ; presi- 
dent of the Sabbath school teachers' convention of the Worcester County 
Baptist Association for twelve y^ars, between 1835 and 1852; and was 
first vice president of the first state Sabbath school convention in Mas- 
sachusetts, held at Middleboro, of which Gov. George N. Briggs was pres- 
ident. Col. Davis was a member of the Sabbath school connected with 
the First Baptist Church in Worcester from 1823 to 1875, as pupiU 
teacher or superintendent. He made a public profession of religion and 
joined the Baptist Church in Westborough in Oct., 1815, and in August, 
1820, was dismissed, at his request, to the First Baptist Church in Prov- 
idence, being then in college there, and was afterwards transferred to the 
First Baptist Church in \\'orcester. of which he a\ as e\-er afterwards an 
honored and esteemed member. 

In politics Col. Davis wa.s a democrat of the Jeffersonian and Jackson 
school, and through life he never swerved from the principles which he 
early advocated. Principles in politics were more to him than success. 
He had no sympathy with such efforts as seemed likely to assure tem- 
porary success at the cost of principle. His early training was in a 
democratic school, his father having been a staunch democrat, and his 
first political opinions, after his college days were over, having been 
formed under the influence of one of Rhode Island's prominent dem- 
ocrats. Strong in numbers, the democratic party of Worcester county 
was not when Col. Davis cast in his lot with it, but it always found 
in him a firm supporter, a ready advocate and a generous contributor, 
no matter how remote were the chances of success. Although a demo- 
crat among democrats, he forgot party in the days of the rebellion, and 
at the outset encouraged the men who answered the call for help with his 
words and deeds. He was often prominently brought forward as the 
candidate of his party for the highest elective offices, but in the days 
when he first declared his allegiance to the democracy, democratic suc- 
cesses in this vicinity were not numerous. His first candidac\" was in 
'1832, when he was supported for state senator, and from that time until 
1845 he was regularly nominated at each succeeding election, either for 
congress or for the state legislattire. His vote steadily increased, and 
in 1843 he was elected to the state senate, serving through the exciting 
session of that year, when the democrac}', for the first time since its 
reorganization under the lead of Gen. Jackson, had succeeded in obtain- 
ing control of the state government, Judge Morton having that year been- 
for the second time chosen governor. With his first election the whigs 
retained their control of the legislative and state offices. 

The qualities which had made Col. Davis a successful attorney made 
him a successful and influential legislator, and he immediately took a 
prominent position in the senate. He spoke readily and forcibly, a 
speech which he made on the insolvent law at once attracting wide 
attention and adding largely to his steadily growing reputation. He 



AND ITS PEOPLE 95 

was made chairman of the committee on constitutional reform, of that 
year, his report recommending an amendment to the constitution by 
which the power of the legislature to borrow money or in any way make 
use of the credit of the state being limited to $.)00.000, and referring the 
matter to the people whenever any occasion should arise which would 
require the raising of a larger sum, a proposition which prevailed in the 
senate but which was lost in the house. Col. Davis was one of the 
prime movers for a change in the control and management of Harvard 
College, which was. under his leadership, effected to a certain extent, his 
position as senator making him one of the trustees of the institution. 
In the following year the democracy was again in the minority and the 
democratic noiuinations were largely complimentarv. Col. Davis enjoyed 
the confidence of his party to such an extent that in 184G and 1847 he 
was made the candidate for governor. In 1851, as one of the results 
of a coalition of democrats and free soilers, he was elected a member 
of the council which served with Gov. Boutwell, and in the year follow- 
ing he was a member of the house of representatives. He was a dele- 
gate to the state constitutional convention in 18.53, senator again in 
1854, and a member of the state board of education from 1S.")2 to 1860. 
From 1828 until 18(30 he was a delegate to all the national democratic 
conventions. On his return from the historic Charlestown, S. C con- 
vention of 1800. where he took a decided stand and adhered inflexibly to 
his own and the principles of his constituents against the audacious 
demands of the secessionists, under the leadership of Davis. Breckenbridge, 
Butler and others, his reception amounted to almost an ovation. Presi- 
dent Pierce, on his accession to office, offered him the position of United 
States treasurer at Boston, an office which was declined. He was one 
of the early contributors to the fund for making Kansas a free state. 
Local public duties demanded a share of his time, and demanded a por- 
tion of his attention given to work outside of his own business interests. 
He was three times mayor of the city, in 1856, '58 and '61, the manner 
in which he discharged his duties in the trying times of the latter year 
winning the praises of political opponents as well as commanding the 
admiration of political friends. Among the other local offices which he 
filled were those of assessor, selectman and chairman of the board of 
selectmen, overseer of the poor, alderman the first year Worcester was a 
city, and again in 18."i4. In all these positions he was faithful and con- 
scientious in his attention to their duties. 

\'arious educational institutions have reaped benefits from his wis- 
dom and sound, practical business ideas. He was from the outset one 
of the staunchest and truest friends of Worcester Academy, and con- 
tributed liberally to its maintenance. He served as a trustee of Brown 
University from 1838 to 1851; of Columbian College of Washington, D. 
C. from 1845 to 1870; of Waterville, Me., College from 1853 till 1857; 
of Norwich, Vt., University from 1847 to 1850; of Townsend Academy 
and president of the board from 1846 till 1850; president of Worces- 
ter Academy for 40 years, from its establishment till he resigned; a 
fellow of Brown University from 1851, and a member of the Ameri- 
can Antiquarian Society from 1841, and for "20 years a member of its 
council. He received the degree of A. B. upon graduating at Brown, 
and that of A. M. from the same institution three years later. The 
degree of LL.D.. was conferred bv Columbian College in 1846, and bv 
Brown in 1860. 

For more than fifty years he occupied a position of leadership in 



96 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

his profession, in business and in public affairs. His strong, virile, 
earnest personality was always exerted wisely and profitably in the com- 
munity. He was preeminently a useful man and must be given a place 
among men that historv must remember in Worcester. Died in '\\'or- 
cester, April 1, 1883. Married, Mar. 30, 1829, Mary Holman Estabrook, 
who died on Sept. 13, 18?.j, daughter of Hon. Joseph Estabrook of Roy- 
alston, Massachusetts. Issue : 1. Mary Estabrook Davis, born Sept. 
21, 1830, m. Col. E. B. Stoddard. 2. Charles Henry Davis, born :March 
24, 1832. 3. Edward Livingston Davis, of whom below. 4. Frederic 
William Davis, born December 30. 1836. 5. Joseph Estabrook Davis, 
born September 27, 1838. 6. Sarah Maria Davis, born September 1, 
1840, m. Judge William S. Gardner of Newton. 7. Ann Eliza Davis, 
born October 16, 1843, m. William H. Field of Philadelphia. 8. Alice 
Wayland Davis, born November 29, 184.5. m. Rev. W'ynant \'anderpool 
of Westchester, N. Y. 9. Florence Huntlev Davis, born December 
7, 1847. 

Honorable Edward- Livingston Davis, son of Isaac" Davis, was 
born in Worcester, April 22, 1834. He attended the public schools of 
Worcester and entered Brown Laiiversity, from which he was gradu- 
ated with the degree of bachelor of arts in 18.54. He studied law in his 
father's office and at the Harvard Law School, and in 1857 was admitted 
to the Worcester county bar. He preferred business, however, and 
after a 3'ear of law practice, entered into partnership with Nathan Wash- 
burn and George W. Gill in the manufacture of railway iron, loco- 
motive tires and car wheels. The business prospered and in 1864 was 
incorporated under the name of Washburn Iron Company, of which Mr. 
Davis was treasurer and one of the principal stockholders. He con- 
tinued in business until 1882. when, upon the death of Mr. Gill, he sold 
his interests in the company. From that time to the end of his life, he 
was occupied in the management of his private property and various 
public and private trusts. He was a director of the Boston & Albany 
Railroad Company, the Norwich & Worcester Railroad Company, the 
Vermont & I\iassachusetts Railroad Company and the Worcester Na- 
tional Bank and vice-president of the Worcester County .Institution 
for Savings. 

His public career began at the close of the Civil War, when he 
served for three years in the Worcester common council, of which he 
was president in 1867. He was elected mayor in December, 1873. 
During his administration, important public works were constructed. 
Part of the Boulevard — Park avenue — was constructed, the city hos- 
pital was removed from the corner of Front and Church streets to the 
Jaques house on Wellington street, the soldiers' monument on the com- 
mon, to which the city contributed $3,5,000, was completed, the State 
Normal School, to which the city also contributed funds, was opened. 
Probably the most brilliant achievement of the year, however, was the 
management of the pulilic finances during the disastrous financial panic. 
In 1876 Mr. Davis was state senator from Worcester, serving on 
important standing committees. In politics he was a steadfast Repub- 
lican. He repeatedly declined to accept other public ofifices. Unques- 
tionably he might have been Congressman and have continued in a 
brilliant ])ublic career, had he consented. For many years, however, 
he was chairman of the commissioners of the city sinking fund and 
member of the park connnission. He took an important part in the 
development of the public park system. In 1884 he presented to the 



AND ITS PEOPLE 97 

cit)- lantl on the shore of Lake Quinsigamond, consisting of sixty acres 
adjoining the land given by Horace H. IJigelovv and known as Lake 
Park in which he afterward erected the Davis Tower. He was active 
in the movement to remove railroad tracks from the Common and to 
beautify and adorn that ancient and historical spot. 

Mr. Davis was a communicant of All Saints' Protestant Episcopal 
Church, and from 1ST4 to 1877 he was chairman of the building and 
finance committees in charge of the erection of the church edifice, con- 
tributing more time and funds than any other person. For many years 
he was senior warden. He often represented the parish in the Diocesan 
Convention and was for several years one of the four lay delegates of 
the diocese to the General Convention of the church. From 18.S8 to 
1894, he was president of the Worcester County Musical .Association, 
and he gave his own time and money freely to the support of various 
musical, literary and charitable organizations. He was a member of 
the committee in charge of the Worcester contributions to the fund for 
the relief of suffering caused by the earthquake at San Francisco in V.)0(>. 

He inherited his interest in history and for many years was a use- 
ful and faithful member of the Council of the American .Antiquarian 
Society. He was also a member of the Worcester Club, the Tatnuck 
Country Club, the Worcester Art Museum, the W'orcester Association 
of Mutual Aid in Detecting Thieves, an ancient organization still main- 
tained : the Somerset Club of Boston and the Boston Athletic Associa- 
tion. He had a summer residence at Prode's Crossing and a residence 
in Boston, besides his old home on Elm street in Worcester. 

He died at his home, 71 Elm street, Worcester, Mar. 2, 1912, after a 
final illness of about three weeks. .Almost to the end of life he retained 
his health and strength. The funeral was held March h in All Saints 
Church and was attended by Mayor David F. O'Connell, former mayors 
of the city and members of the city government, delegations from cor- 
porations of which he was an officer &nd of organizations to which he 
belonged. Right Reverend Thomas F. Davies. Bishop of Western 
Massachusetts, officiated, assisted by other clergymen. The honorary 
bearers were: Waldo Lincoln, Colonel A. George Bullock. DeWitt Clin- 
ton. Dr. Charles R. Gilman. Charles M. Bent. Charles S. Sargent. E. P. 
Kendrick of Springfield. Henry G. Pickering of Boston and Robert H. 
Gardiner of Gardiner. Maine. Interment was in Rural Cemetery, Wor- 
cester. He left a large estate and made generous public bequests tO' 
All Saints Church. St. Luke's Church, the American Antiquarian Society, 
the City of Worcester, the Episco])al Theological School, Cambridge, 
Brown LTniversity, Worcester Children's Friend Society. Worcester 
Light Infantry. Worcester Boys Club. St. Vincent Hospital. Con- 
valescent Home of the Children's Hospital. Boston, Worcester Young 
Men's Christian Association. Worcester County Musical .Association. 

He married, in 18.59, Hannah Gardner .Adams, who died in 18()1, 
a daughter of Seth Adams of Providence. Rhode Island. Their only 
son lived but a few days. He married, second, in 1869, Maria Louisa Rob- 
bins, youngest daughter of Rev. Dr. Chandler Robbins of Boston. Is- 
sue by second wife: 1. Eliza Frothingham Davis, married Henry Forbes 
Bigelow of Boston; children — Henry Davis Bigelow, Edward Livings- 
ton Bigelow, Chandler Bigelow, and Nelson Bigelow. 2. Theresa Weld 
Davis, married A. Winsor Weld of Chestnut Hill. 3. Livingston Davis, 
executor of his father's estate, residing in Milton, Massachusetts. 

Davis. — Simon Davis, descendant of Dolor^ Davis, from whom Gov- 
W.— 1-7. 



98 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

ernor Davis of Wor. was descended, lived for a short time here and by 
wife Sarah had here: Azubah, b. Jan. 5, 1739. 

George Danson was a baker in Boston. For an account of him see 
the first chapter. His family did not remain here. 

Day. — Ralph Day, immigrant, b. in Eng., settled in Dedham about 
1640; ensign; selectman; d. Oct. 28, 1677; m. (1) Susan Fairbanks, 
dau. of Jonathan; m. (2) Abigail Pond. 

Day, Lieut, and Capt. Samuel, descended from Ral])h, m. at 
Wrentham, Mar. 2, 1736-7, Sarah Mann. Their daughter Eunice d. in 
Wor., Jan. 14, 1828. 

Day, Samuel, son of Samuel, b. at Wrentham, Feb. 3, 17.-)2. He and 
his father both served in the Revolution from Wrentham. Some of the 
family lived here later. 

Davison. — George Davison of Boston bought land here of Daniel 
Gookin and others at the time of the permanent settlement, but if he 
came here, did not remain. 

Delap. — William Delap bought land here Nov. 18, 172'J, of Ebenezer 
Bigelow Nov. 18, 172!), but, if he settled, did not remain long. 

Dick. — Sanu:el and John Dick of this town were among the found- 
ers of Pelham. 1738. 

Dickson. — James Dickson, Scotch-Irish, was lately from Ireland, 
when he bought land here Dec. 1, 1720, of Ephraim Rice. The deed calls 
him a hawker or peddler. In a deed of land here from Nathaniel Jones, 
Feb. 17, 1721, he is also called "late of Ireland." A few years later he 
moved to Lyme, Ct., where he was living Jan. 16, 1726-7, when he sold 
his land here to Moses Harper and William Mahan, taking a mortgage as 
security. 

Dix. — Edward' Di.x, b. in Eng., came in 1635, aged 19 yrs., m. Jane 

Wilkinson; m. (2) Susan ; d. July 9, 1660. His will was proved 

Oct. 2, 1660. 

Dix, John- (Edward'), b. at Watertown, Sept. 4, 1640; m. Jan. 7, 
1670-1, Elizabeth Barnard. 

Dix, John^ (John-, Edward'), b. at Watertown, Mar. 6, 1672-3; m. 
Nov. 29, 1697, Martha Lawrence. He d. 1726 at Wat. 

Dix, James' (John-', John'-, Edw.'), b. at Watertown, Oct. 13, 1716; 
ni. 1742 Sarah Bond, dau. of William and Hannah. He was a trader in 
Wat. ; removed to Grafton, Northborough, Holden and Marlborough, 
where he d. April 19, 1801. 

Dix, Dr. Elijah^ (James*, John\ John=, Edw.'), b. Aug. 14, 1747; 
studied medicine under Dr. John Green ; was a druggist in Boston ; 
began to practice here in 1770; removed to Boston in 1795, built and 
opened a drug store south of Faneuil Hall ; d. at Dixmont, Me., May 
28, 1809. He was the principal proprietor of Dixfield and Dixmont, 
Me., named for him. 

He m. here, Oct. 1, 1771, Dorothy Lynde, dau. of Joseph and Mary 
(Lemmon) Lynde. His wid. d. in Boston, April 29, 1837, nearly 91 
yrs. old. Children, b. and bapt. here, except the youngest: William, 
b. July 25, 1772, (H. C. 1792) res. in Boston and W. Indies; Joseph, b. 
Jan. 30, 1774, d. Oct. 18, 1775; Mary, b. Apr. 9, 1776, m. Rev. Thaddeus 
M. Harris, D. D. ; Joseph, b. Mar. 26, 1778, m. Mary Bigelow, had 
Dorothea Lynde Dix, in Boston (celebrated philanthropist) ; Clarendon, 
b. Sept. 25, 1779, d. unm. in Ky.; John, b. Mar. 18, 1781, m. Elizabeth 
Byers, res. Wheeling, W. \'a. ; Alexander, b. Aug. 18, 1782, m. Tempy 



AND ITS PEOPLE 99 

Smith of Sandwich; Henry Elijah, b. Ft-I). G, 1793, (H. C. 1813) Lt. in 
U. S. Navy, d. Jan. 21, 1822. 

Dorothea Lynde Dix (1802-1887) belongs to Worcester by resi- 
dence, though not, as sometimes stated by birth. From childhood she 
possessed frail health, but a strong will to carry out her own purposes. 
At 14 she was teaching a small school in Worcester. Later, while con- 
ducting a fashionable school in Boston, she persuaded her aristocratic 
grandmother to permit her to open a school for the poor in the Dix 
barn. So began Miss Dix's life-long devotion to the abandoned. The 
condition of the insane, both under public and private care, was at that 
time deplorable beyond words. Miss Dix, in spite of feeble health, 
traveled over the state, painfully collecting heart-rending facts by means 
of which she at length forced the Legislature to undertake relief work. 
To her heroic efforts were due hospital reform in Rhode Island, New 
Jersey any many states of the West and South. In Canada, England, 
Switzerland, Rome, her unflinching work was carried on. Miss Dix 
gave illustrious service as a nurse in the Civil War, and then succumbed, 
worn out, and died, after years of suffering, in one of her own hospitals. 
But her work remains. 

Dixey. — Tabitha. widow of John Dixev, d. here Mar. 14, 1848, aged 
95 y. 

Doolittle. — Abraham^ Doolittle, b. in Eng. about 1020, was in Bos- 
ton as early as 1G40, removed before 1642 to New Haven, Ct., and was 
deputy to the General Assembly ; many years selectman ; one of the 
founders of Wallingford, Ct., and prominent there; representing it in 
the assembly; selectman; sergeant of the trainband. His wife Abigail. 
d. Nov. 5, 1710, aged 6S yrs. He m. (1) Joan Allen (Ailing), dau. of 
James; m. (2), July 2, 1663, Abigail Moss, b. Apr. 10, 1042, dau. of 
John. 

Doolittle, John- (Abraham'), b. at New Haven, June 14, 1655, m. 
(1) Feb. 13, 1682, Mary Peck, b. Mar. 4, 1666, d. 1716, dau. of John of 
Wallingford, g. dau. of William Peck of New Haven; m. (2) Jan. 29, 
1717, Grace Blake, wid. of John Blake. 

Doolittle, SamueP (John-, AbrahamM, b. F>b. 4, 1685, d. 
July 17, 1736. He had the homestead in Wallingford; sold by his son 

Ephraim when in Wor. He m. (1) Mehitable ; (2) Jane • •. 

He settled in Palmer in 1731 and d. there, July 17, 1736. Children: 
Mary, b. June 16, 1712; Ephraim; Mindwell, b. Tune 15, 1715; Moses, 
b. Oct. 1732, in Palmer. 

Doolittle, Col. Ephraim^ (Samuel\ John-, Abraham^, was b. in 

Wallingford or Hartford; m. Sarah . He d. at Shoreham, V't., 

1802. He was in Worcester before 1751, and engaged in business as a 
merchant; in 1763, selectman, 1766, representative, and on many town 
committees. He was an ardent Whig. In 1773 he removed to Peter- 
sham. Joel Doolittle of that town, probably a brother, m. here, Dec. 
12, 1776, Tabitha Goodwin. In 1773 Ephraim was selectman of that 
town, and in 1774 delegate to the Provincial Congress. He was elected 
captain of militia there in 1774 and soon afterward was made colonel of 
the minutemen of the county. He led his troops to Cambridge on the 
Lexington alarm and on reorganization held a commission in the Mass. 
Line, his regiment taking part in the battle of Bunker Hill, though he 
was ill at the time. For many years he was chairman of the Committee 
of Correspondence of Petersham; in 1779 delegate to the Constitutional 
Convention. After the war he removed to Shoreham, Vt. Lincoln 



100 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

says: "He was more distinguished for sound judgment and accuracy 
than briUiancy or extent of talent: for the scrupulous practice of com- 
mon virtues, rather than the exercise of extraordinary powers." A curi- 
ous implement was invented by him to supply the deficiency of muskets. 
A long shaft with two strong blades, eight inches long, like a hay fork, 
and two other blades extended laterally and another downward, thus 
giving the ecjuivalent of five bayonets. The handle was lined for two 
or three feet from the end with sharp steel plates set in tlie wood to 
defend the holder from sabre attack. The instrument did not come into 
general use. By wife Sarah he had here: Sarah, b. June 7, 1751, m. 
here June 14, 1767, John Smith; Joel. b. Dec. 8, 175a ; John, b. July 23, 
1754; Molly, b. Nov. 1, 1757. 

Drury. — Hugh^ Drury, b. in Eng., son of Ohed of London, accord- 
ing to tradition, came in 1635 and settled in Sudbury, but removed in 
1643 to Boston. He was a cari)enter. In 1654 was a member of the 
Artillery Co. (Ancient and Honorables). He died in 1689. He m. 
Lydia Rice, dau. of Edmund and Tamazin ; m. (2), Oct. 1676, Mary 
Fletcher, widow of Rev. Edward. 

Drury, John- (Hugh'), b. May 'i, 164(i, in Boston; d. 1678; lieut. in 
K. P. War; m. Mary Shrimpton, dau. of Edward. 

Drury, Capt. Thomas^ (John^, Hugh'), b. in Boston, Aug. 10, 1668, 
d. in Framingham, 1733. He was an early settler of Fram. ; first deputy; 
first town clerk, an office he held 11 yrs. ; one of the first selectmen, 
serving 13 yrs.; schoolmaster in 1713; lieutenant in 1713, captain 171i), 
in charge of public ammunition 171!l, the powder being stored in his 
house. He m. Dec. 15, 1687, Rachel Rice, dau. of Henry. 

Drury, Capt. Thomas* (Capt. Thos.^, John-, Hugh'), b. Aug. 39, 
1690, d. Dec. 2, 1783; settled in Grafton; was selectman; lieut. 1743; 
captain in 1761. He m. (1), June 10, 1719, Sarah Clark, b. Aug. 5, 1701, 
d. Apr. 10, 174:!; m. (2), Sept. 26, 1746, Mary Harrington, who d. Nov. 
3, 1752. 

Drury, Thomas^ (Thos.*, Thos.\ John-, Hugh'), b. Jan. 12, 1721, in 
Framingham, d. at Auburn, Nov. 1, 1778. He settled here in that part of 
the town set off as Ward (Auburn). He also lived in Grafton. He m. 
Nov. 27, 1745, Elizabeth Brooks. Children, b. at Grafton: Major 
Thomas, b. Dec. 21, 1747; Sarah, b. March 22, 1750-1, m. Abel Wesson; 
Elizabeth, b. Oct. 23, 1754; Benjamin, bapt. April 23, 1758; Molly, bapt. 
Tulv 27, 1760; twins, b. Nov. 1, 1762, died young; Susanna, b. June 
21,' 1763. 

Drury, Major Thomas" (Thos.^, Thos.*, Thos.-\ John-, Hugh'), b. at 
Grafton, Dec. 21, 1747. He was a soldier in the Revolution in Capt. Tim- 
othy Bigelow's company, April 19, 1775; 2d lieut. in Capt. Jesse Stone's 
CO. of the south parish; commissioned 2d lieut. in Capt. David Prouty's 
CO. After the war he was a major in the militia. Children by wife 
Experience, born here : Abba, bapt. Sept. 24, 1769 ; Phebe, bapt. May 26, 
1771; Lucretia, bapt. Oct. 17, 1773. 

Browne. — Leonard Drowne, shipwright, lived at Kittery, Me., and 
Boston; d. Oct. 31, 1729, aet. 83 y. He m. Elizabeth Abbot, who d. in 
Boston, 1704. 

Drowne, Shem- (Leonard'), m. Katherine Clark. Sept. 18, 1712; d. 
Jan. 13, 1774, in Boston. 

Drowne, Thomas-^ (Shem-, Leonard'), b. in Boston. Dec. 14. 1715, m. 
Dec. 23, 1736, Sarah Paine. Had by wife Sarah: Katherine, b. Jan. 4, 



AND ITS PEOPLE lor 

173T, in Boston; d. here Jan. 2:J. ISOl. aet. 0'.) (g. s.) ; I.ucv. h. May 24, 
1758; Mary. d. here Oct. 21, 181(i, aet. 0.".. 

Dudley. — Col. William Dudley, son of (iov. Joseph and Rebecca 
(Tyng) Dudley, grandson of Gov. Thomas Dudley, was one of the 
Quinsigamond plantation committee; married Elizabeth I)a\enport; 
lived at Roxbury and lioston. 

Duncan. — Samuel' Duncan, b, in Eng.. settled earl\ in Newbury, 
removed to what is now Ilrookline. 

Duncan. John- (probably Samuel'), (see liillerica Hist., p. 4:!), h. 
about l(j-l5-.j(), had a grant at Billerica KiTO; m. l-'eb. 23. HiT-t-.'). Joanna 
Jefts, dau. of Henry. He d. of small pox Dec. 19, 1I>'.)0 ; his wid. m. Ben- 
jamin Dutton and was killed by Indians, 1692. 

Duncan, John' (John-, SamueP), b. at Billerica. Oct. 28. KiTs. m. 
June 16. ITOl. Sarah Dutton, dau. of John and Mary (Shedd). He d. 
here Dec. 15, 1T3i). (age given erroneously as til). His will was dated 
Nov. 30, 1739, and proved Dec. 25, 1739, beq\u-athing to wife Sarah 
and children — Simeon, John. Samuel. Daniel. Sarah Parmenter, Abigail, 
daughters of Joanna and to James Hawes. He bought land here, 
Oct. 18, 1722, of Moses Leonard of \Vor. for £40 on both sides of North 
Brook on road to Oxford, bounded north Ijy land in possession of Ger- 
shom Rice. He bought more land, Apr. 0. ]728, and sold land in 1731. 
He deeded 35 acres to Samuel Duncan in 1734. He deeded to John Jr. 
73 acres, south half of north part of his farm, Feb. 10, 1731-2. Children, 
b. at Billerica: Sarah, b. June 14, 1703; John. b. Apr. 10, 1706; Ezekiel. 
b. Jan. 9. 1710-1; Daniel, b. Feb. 13, 1711-2; Samuel; Simeon. Born 
here; Jonas, b. June 9. 1722, d. here June 24. 1725; Simeon, li. Mav 27, 
1725; Ezekiel, b. Sept. 15. 1728, d. he"re Oct. 23, 1728; John. b. Sept. 4, 
1729, m. at Wor.. Dec. Ki. 1762, Hannah Henry and was then of Lon- 
donderry, N. H. 

Duncan, Daniel^ (John", John-. Samuel'), b. at Billerica, Feb. 13, 
1711-2; m. Sarah— and had here: Marv, b. Dec. 30, 1738-9; John, b. 
Sept. 4, 1740; Daniel, b. June 1. 1742;' Elizabeth, b. Jan. 26,' 1743-4; 
Ezekiel. b. Jan. 15, 1744-5, d. here Jan. 21, 1750; Levinah, b. Oct. 7, 
1747; Abel. b. Feb. 2. 1749-50. at Nichuoge (Nichewaug, now Peter- 
sham). 

Duncan. Simeon' (John'. John-'. Samuel'). I), at Billerica about 1715- 
20. d. June 19, 1781. at Auburn, aet. ><ii y. ; m. in 1743. at Billerica, 
Bridget Richardson of an old Woburn family. His widow Bridget was 
appointed admx.. Ma}' 3, 1782, at Wor. Children, b. here: Jonathan, 
b. Jan. 13. 1744; Samuel (soldier in Rev. from Wor.), b. Jan. 9, 1747; 
Jonas, bapt. Sept. 4, 1748; Jason, b. Dec. 30. 1749; Rebecca, b. Apr. 29, 
1753; Simeon, b. Oct. 22. 1755; Joanna, b. Feb. 8, 1758, m. Oct. 3, 1775, 
William Stearns; Persis. b. Nov. 9, 1760. m. here. May 13, 1781, Samuel 
Fullerton ; Azubah. b. May 20, 17()7. 

Duncan, Capt. Simeon'"' (Simeon*. John', John-, Samuel'), b. r)ct. 
22, 1755, here; d. here Feb. 22. 1836. aged SO yrs. He was a pensioner 
of the Revolution. He was a weaver by trade ; had a guardian ajiptjinted 
Feb. 5, 1739-40. He was a bombardier in Capt. Daniel Henshaw's co., 
1777, and in Capt. Ezra Wood's co. 1778-9. In the records he is called 
a captain. He m. Apr. 11, 1780, Mary Blair of Wor.; she d. May 26, 
1813, aged 53 yrs. (g. s.). Rice's Epitaphs (p. 83) says; "Was private 
in Capt. Benj. Flagg's comi^any. April 19, 1775. Also a private in Capt. 
Wm. Gates' company. Sept. 4. 177<>. Enlisted and was bombardier in 
Col. Thomas Craft's regiment of artillery. 1777. He also marched to 



102 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Hadley on the alarm at Bennington with Capt. David Chadwick's com- 
pany, Aug. 28, 1TT7." His widow was Lucy. Children b. here: Charles, 
b. Apr. 8, 3 781; Polly, b. Feb. 27, 1783 ; Simeon, b. Sept. 12, 1785 ; Sally, 
b. June 1, 1788; Nancy, b. Apr. 1, 1791; Jason, b. Feb. 19, 1793; Joseph 
Blair, b. Aug. 5, 1797; Eliza, b. Sept. 17, 1800; Clarissa, b. Dec. 8, 1802, 
d. June 6, 1813; William, b. Oct. 29, 1805, d. May 26, 1813. 

Duncan, Samuel^ (John^, John^, SamueU), was b. about 1712, m. 
here (1) Nov. 12, 1730, Mehitable Barton of Oxford. He m. (2) Hannah 
. Children by first wife: Samuel, b. here Feb. 12, 1741-2, prob- 
ably died young; .Andrew, whose wife Sarah, d. at Wor., Sept. 18, 1835, 
aged 92 yrs., by whom he had William, b. here Oct. 23, 1773; James, m. 
Sally Lynds, dau. of Thomas, at Hampton, N. H., May 5, 1772. By 
second wife, b. at Wor.: Samuel, b. Oct. 19, 1747; John, b. Dec. 27, 
1749-1750; Seth, b. June 7, 1752 ; Ebenezer, b, Apr. 4, 1754 ; Mehitable, 
bapt. April 20, 1758. 

Duncan, SamueP (Samuel\ John^, John-, Samuel'), b. here Oct. 
19, 1747, and m. here, Oct. 13, 1772, Betty Stearns. Children, b. here: 
Lucretia, b. Aug. 3, 1773; Jonas, bapt. Sept. 17, 1775. He was a soldier 
in the Revolution in Capt. Timothy Ballard's co. 1775 and in Capt. David 
Henshaw's co. 1776-7. 

Durant (Durent). — George' Durant settled in Maiden, removed in 
1666 to Middletown, and died in 1690. 

Durant, Capt. Edward^ (George'), settled in Newton, coming from 
Boston before 1734, when he asked leave to build a pew in the meeting 
house. He left a house and barn in Worcester to his son Cornelius. He 
d. 1740, leaving a large estate; wife, Judith; children — Edward. Cor- 
nelius and Elizabeth. 

Durant, Edward* (Edward'^, George'), m. Ann Jackson, dau. of 
Capt. John. He was selectman of Newton and active during the Rev- 
olution, chairman of the Committee of Correspondence and delegate to 
the Provincial Congress; d. April 10, 1782. All his children were born 
in Newton, except Abigail, born here Feb. 18, 1739-40. 

Button. — Thomas' Dutton settled in Woburn, removed to Reading, 
and in 1699 to P.illerica; m. Nov. 10, 1654, Ruth Hooper, 

Dutton, John- (Thomas'), h. March 2, 1656; m. Sept. 20, 1681, Sarah 
Shedd of Billerica. 

Dutton, Samuel' (John-', Thos.'). b. March 22, 1693-4; m. Hannah 
Hull. 

Dutton, SamueP (SamueP, John% Thomas'), b. Oct. 15, 1718, set- 
tled in Bedford. He bought land here, June 23, 1748, of James Boyd. He 
was then of Bedford, according to the deed. By wife Martha he had 
here: Samuel, bapt. July 2, 1749; David, b. June 18, 1749; Stephen, b. 
Apr. 14, 1754, soldier in the Revolution; Lucy, b. May 13, 1756; Susanna, 
b. Sept. 22, 1757; Asa, b. Mar. 1, 1760, soldier in the Revolution in Capt. 
John Cutler's company. 

Samuel Dutton, blacksmith, had a guardian appointed in 1815. His 
wife was named Ann. 

Dyer. — Col. Giles Dyer, a merchant, took a mortgage on land of 
Aeneas Salter, shopkeeper, Ajjril 3, 1718, and he sold to Daniel Pown- 
ing, Aeneas Salter Jr. and William Salter, shopkeepers, July, 1721. It is 
doubtful if he ever came to this town. 

Joseph Dyer came to Wor. in 1736. His ancestry has not been 
traced. The early Dyers were in Bridgewater, Weymouth and Abing- 
ton. He bought in this town of Thomas Green of Boston, administrator 



AND ITS PEOPLE 103 

of the estate of Israel Kichardson of Brookfield, land in the north part, 
near Shrewsbury, Jan. (i. 174 1-2. He sold land to James Jackson of 
Leicester (execution) May 20, 1745. He was a self-trained lawyer and 
sho])keeper. He acquired a habit of objecting to all the ])roceedings of 
the town and, Lincoln says, made himself a common nuisance. No 
taxes could be collected from him excejjt by warrants, levying on his 
property. He was finally committed to jail for non-payment of a fine of 
£16, really a small amount in specie, for being absent at a military mus- 
ter. Declining to ])ay his fine, he prepared to stay in priscjn, let his 
beard grow, and for two years made the jail his home and ofifice. His 
family carried on his store and he did some legal business. Then the 
town offered to remit two-thirds of the fine, but he still declined to pay. 
Three years longer he stayed in jail, and during that time compiled a 
dictionary, which was afterward printed. Finally a sum was raised 
by subscription and his fine paid. He refused to leave even then and, 
when he was ejectetl by force, turned on his keeper with a suit for false 
imprisonment. His action failed, and it is said that he conducted him- 
self more reasonalily afterward. He removed to Newfane, Vt. Chil- 
dren by wife Mary, born here: Mary, b. May 2, K.'iC. d. Feb. 1, 1740-1 ; 
Benjamin, b. Aug. 11, ITST, died young; Sarah, b. July 1, 17:i<s; Benja- 
min, b. .Vug. (), 1743; John, b. Sept. 8, 1745. 

He may have been a son of Benjamin Dyer of Boston, who bought 
land here. March 15, 1712-;i, oi George Ripley of Boston. Benjamin 
and Sarah had a son Joseph, b. Aug. 8, 1711. 

Dyer. — Jeremiah Dyer, colored, d. here Aug. 27, 184."), aged 97 y. 
N. f. k. " 

Dison Dyer (aiicestr_v not traced) lived here; wife Elizalieth (Den- 
ny), d. Aug. '13, 1828, aet' (i7. 

Earle. — Ralph^ Earle, b. in Eng., IGOU; m. there Joan Savage; came 
to New[)ort. R. L, as earl\- as U)38 ; kept a public house; held various 
public offices; commanded a company of horse in ]()67. 

Earle. William- (Ralph'), d. Jan. 15, 1715, m. (1) Mary Walker; 

(2) Prudence . They lived in Bortsmouth, R. L; removing in 

1070 to Dartmouth. He was deputy in 17()4-0(). 

Earle, Ralph-' (William-, Ralph'V). b. KKHi; m. Mary (Carr) Hicks, 
dau. of Robert Carr. He was a Quaker; town officer of Dartmouth; 
removed in 1717 to Leicester. Was an ensign before joining the Friends. 

Earle, William^ ( Ralph^ William-, Ralphs, b. Nov. 12, l(i!IO, at 
Dartmouth ; removed to Leicester, thence to Shrewsbury and Paxton. 
He was a Ouaker; became wealthy; m. Ann Howard. 

Earle. David'' (William\ Ralijlr-, William-, [valjih'i, b. in Leicester, 
Aug. Hi. 1721; m. Martha, daughter of Roliert and Mary (Newhall). 
She ni. (2) Hezekiah Ward of Grafttjn. They lived here near his father; 
removed to Leicester. Children: Sarah, m. John Baird and lived in 
Auburn; David, b. )ulv 15, 1748, m. Rebecca Brown. Born here: Marv. 
b. Oct. 18, 1750; Martha, b. Ai)r. 2, 1752; Thaddeus, b. .-Xpr. 2!», 1754; 
Jacob, b. AL-ir. 28, 175(i; Abigail, b. Dec. 2!», 175!l; John. b. May 13, 
1702 (p. 53 gen.). 

Earle, Ralph'' (William*, Ralph\ William-, Ralph'), b. Nov. 13. 
172(); m. (1) I'hebe Whittemore, dau. of John and Rebecca; m. (2) 
Naomi Kinnicutt of Providence, R. I. They lived in Shrewsbury and 
Leicester; his father left him half his farm in Paxton. He was a captain 
in 1776 in the British army, but declined the commission and soon after- 
ward was commissioned in the American armv and served through the 



I04 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 




CHAMBERLAIX HOUSE. PLEASAXT STKF.l-ri, 




EATON' HOUSE. BLOOMIN'GDALE ROAD. 
((-"apt. W'ni. Gates born in this house 173.S. ) 




JAMES TRtnVBRIDGE HOUSE. TROWBRIDGENILLE. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 105 

war; was captain of the Paxtun company in CO!. Sanuu'l Denny's res^t. 
17:(J and later. Children: Ralph, b. May 11. i:.')l; Clark, b.'Apr.T. 
lT.j;3; Artemas, b. Nov. 2,S. j:54; Janu-s! b. Mav 1. ITtil; Dexter, b. 
Dec. 10, 17:6. 

Earle Ralph" (Ralph', William*. Raiph\ Willianr. Rali)h'), b. at 
Leicester, May 11, 17.")1: m. K7;i. Sarah Gates. He d. .\uj^. l»i. ISOl, 
at Bolton. Ct. He had a genius as a painter of portraits. In 1777 he 
painted two of Dr. Dwight of Yale and paintings of the Hattle of Lex- 
ington and Concord that were engraved and ])nblished. He went to 
Eng. and studied under Sir Benj. West, returning in 17Sti. ( )ne of his 
famous pictures was "The Falls of Niagara." He painted some of the 
nobility when abroad. He had two children born here: I'hebe, b. 
Jan. 25, 1775; John, b. May 13. 1777. 

John Milton Earle, editor of The Spy. was descended frcjm Ralph, 
viz: John M.', Pliny^ Robert\ Robert^ Ralph'. William-. Ralph'. 

Eaton. — Jonas^ Eaton, b. Eng., settled in Reading, proprietor, town 
officer; d. Feb. 24, 1()7;5; will beq. wife Grace and children. 

Eaton, Joshua- (Jonas'), h. 1658; m. (1) l<i76 Rebecca Kendall, dan. 
of F"rancis. He died in 1717. He was selectman and deput\'. Children: 
Rebecca, Elizabeth. Joshua. Thomas and Abigail. 

Eaton, Joshua' (Joshua-, Jonas'), m. Lydia Livermore. He estab- 
lished a tanning business that he sold in 1733 to Joseph Maynard, Wil- 
liam and Persis Negus of Worcester. He went from Wur. to Spencer, 
where he d. Feb. 26. 17f)7. He was assessor of Watertowii in 1714. His 
wife d. Jan. 5, 1760. 

Eaton, Rev. Joshua' (Joshua', Joshua'-, Jonas'), b. Waltham. Dec. 
15, 1714, graduated from Harvard in 1735; studied law in the oftice of 
Judge Trowbridge, and began to practice in Worcester in 1737 ; the first 
lawyer in the town. "Simplicity and sincerity united in his character 
with ardor and zeal ... he acquired the reputation of a faithful 
and honest practitioner. Although his talents could not entitle him to 
eminence, he obtained extensive employment. The \isit of Whitefield 
turned his thoughts to theology. His parents had intended him to study 
for the ministry, so, after five years as a lawyer, he began to study for 
the ministry. As a preacher he was fervid, to the verge of fanaticism. 
In 1743 he was censured by the church in Worcester, but restored soon 
to commvuiion. He was ordained in the south precinct of Leicester, now 
Spencer, Nov. 7, 1747. He continued as pastor until his death, April 
2, 1773. Lincoln quotes from his diary (p. 191). He married (1) Sarah 

Eliot of Waltham; (2) Molly . Three sons: Dr. John Eliot, b. 

here May 19, 1741; Joshua and Charles served in the Revolution; his 
daughter Polly m. John Rayner. (See p. 182, Bowens of Woodstock). 

Eaton. Samuel* (Joshua', Joshua-, Jonas'), b. about 1710; bapt. 
Dec. 16, 1716, d. in Wor. 1768," a shoemaker. His will. Dec. 14, 1768, 
bequeaths to wife Ruth ; children — Samuel, Thomas, Mary .Stratton, 
Jerusha Green ; heirs of daughter Ruth, son Jonathan and Sarah Bige- 
low. His son Thomas deeded to Samuel and Milicent Eaton, two-thirds 
of the real estate of Samuel Eaton, late of Wor., mentioning his mother 
Ruth, May 1. 1773. Children: Samuel, b. Nov. 10. 1721. (?) m. 
Milicent and had Jesse Moore, b. April 4. 1777, at Wor.: Jonathan, 

d. 1759; Ruth; Sarah, b. July 27, 1733, m. Bigelow ; Jerusha, b. 

Sept. 3, 1735, m. (jreen; Mary, m. Stratton; Lydia, b. 

April 24, 1746; Thomas, b. May 25, 1749. 

Eaton, Jonathan' (SamueP, Joshua', Joshua-, Jonas' j, d. in Wor. 



io6 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

1759. He ni. Sarah (See Eaton Gen., p. 133). Children, b. here: 

Lucy, b. Jan. 14, 1745-G; Reuben, bapt. Dec. 13, 1747; Reuben, b. Nov. 
22, 1748; Eunice, b. March 31, 1750; Prudence, b. May 29, 1754; Ruth, 
bapt. Aug. 1, 1756; Jonathan, b. Nov. 30, 1758. 

Eaton, Thomas^ (Samuel*, Joshua', Joshua-, Jonas'), b. May 35, 
1749; d. Aug. 25, 1788. He came here from Sudbury. He served in the 
Rev. He m. Susannah Rice, b. 1714, d. Oct. 25, 1773, dau. of Adonijah 
and Persis (Gates) Rice. His son Alpheus was admr. ; the estate was 
declared insolvent. He settled first in Holden, then in the north part 
of this town on the Kingsbury farm, Burncoat street, and later on Hol- 
den street at the north end of North Pond. Children : .\lpheus, b. 
Oct. 10, 1764. William, b. Sept. 10, 176G; Sally, b. Jan. 1, 1769; Polly. 

b. May 28. 1771 ; Amherst, b. Apr. 10, 1773, m. Wise; (2) — 

Mann of Hardwick, removed to Boston and kept the famous Concert 
Hall Cofifee House at the corner of Court and Hanover streets, after- 
ward kept by Peter B. Brigham ; his son Amherst Eaton Jr. lived on his 
father's estate. Mechanic street, Wor. ; Thomas Jr. b. Oct. 21. 1776, went 
west; Russell, b. March 1, 1779, d. y. ; Nathaniel, b. Dec. 24. 1781, hotel 
keeper, 1820-1833, m. Mary Duncan, dau. of Capt. Simeon; children — 
Mrs. Albert Brown, Mrs. Benj. Walker. Mrs. Augustus Tucker, Fred- 
erick, Francis W. and Charles, James and Nathaniel Eaton ; Russell, b. 
Jan. 23, 1786. lived in Holden. 

Eaton, William" (Thomas^, SamueP. Joshua'*, Joshua-, Jonas'), b. 
Sept. 10, 1766; erected the brick building cor. of Main and George 
streets, afterward owned by Dr. Franklin Barnard, in which the Spy 
office was located from 1828 to 1837; m. (1) Anna Gates, daughter of 
Capt. William; m. (2) Hannah Chadwick. dau. of David. He was 
state senator and county commissioner. His son William was a dis- 
tinguished lawyer. 

Eaton, Alpheus" (Thomas^ Samuel*. Joshua\ Joshua'-. Jonas'), b. 
Oct. 10, 1764, shoemaker, resided at the s. w. cor. of Main and Austin 
sts, father of Alpheus Jr.. b. Aug. 14. 1786, and Capt. Thomas B. Eaton, 

town sexton, and Sally, b. Mar. 18, 1791, m. Park. Children by 

2d wife Annis: John E., Annis, George W., Benj. F. He was constable 
1795-6. His will was filed June 25. 1832. 

Elder. — William' Elder, believed to be Scotch-Irish, was here as 
early as 1747. Perhaps he lived previously at Westborough, where 
Elizabeth Elder m. March 16. 1754, John Gamble. William resided on 
the north side of Webster street, between Hope Cemetery and Trow- 
bridgeville, where he d. July 29, 1786, aged 79 yrs. (g. s.). His wife 
Hester d. Aug. 31, 1772, in her 59th yr. (g. s. ). He was a private in a 
detachment of men from Col. John Chandler's regt. marching to the relief 
of Fort William Henry, 1757. He was a Loyalist, one of the Tory pro- 
testers here in 1774. Children, b. here: 'VVilliam. b. Dec. 25. 1748; 
Esther, bapt. March 17. 1750-1. d. July 16. 1756; Rebecca, d. July 7, 
1756, aged 20 yrs. (g. s.). He bought I'and here July 16, 1764, of James 
Mclvers of N. Y. City. Land late of Charles Apthorp of Boston. 

His. will May 18, 1785, bequeaths to wife Sarah; children — John, 
James, grandsons William and John, grandchildren John Jr. and Rebecca 
Gamble! This will proves that Elizabeth of Westborough was daughter 
of William. 

Elder. John- (William'), was born about 1740: d. here Feb. 13, 
1819. He was also a Loyalist and protester. By wife Jennet had 
here: Thomas, ba])t. July 4. 1762; WMlliam. b. Nov. 2, 1764, d. June 



AND ITS PEOPLE ' 107 

^8, 182!t, aged 64 yrs., and his wife Sally d. Oct. a4, 1840, aged ;(! yrs. ; 
John, bapt. July 526, 1767; John, b. July 20, 1768, d. June 9, 1841, aged 
7;{ yrs.; Esther, bapt. Oct. 4, 1772; Jennet, bapt. Feb. 26, 1775; Betsey, 
bapt. Oct. 12, 1777. 

John received by deed from his father, Feb. 21, 1770, land on French 
River in Wor. The son James deeded to William Elder land on French 
River, March 30, 1773, and probably left town then. 

The will of John Elder, Jr., March .SO, 1838, proved 1841, bequeaths 
to wife Lydia; sons Clark and Nathaniel Elder; to Lucy, wife of James 
Elder, and Relief, wife of Peter M. Bancroft. 

Wall says John Elder Sr. lived on Pakachoag Hill and that his farm 
was afterward occupied by Nathaniel E, Elder (son of John Jr.). 

Eliot. — The ancestry of John Eliot, founder 1718, is in doubt. As- 
aph Eliot of Boston had a son John, b. Dec. 18, 16S3; Daniel and Han- 
nah (Cloyes) Eliot of Sudbury or Marlboro, had a son John, May 16, 
1695. Lincoln says John Eliot was of Boston. He was not of the family 
of the Apostle John Eliot, though John J. was a son-in-law of Daniel 
Gookin. (See Eliot Gen.). 

Estabrook. — Joseph Estabrook, Jr., of Lexington, owned land here; 
sold it June 17, 1724, to Gershom Rice, and probably did not live here. 

Eveleth. — Sylvester Eveleth, the first of the family, came to Boston 
before 1643; a baker; rem. to Gloucester; d. 1689. 

Capt. Daniel Eveleth, descendant of Sylvester, came here from Bos- 
ton ; served in the F. & L War at the taking of Cape Breton ; served in the 
Rev. and was one of the oldest Rev. soldiers surviving; lived for many 
years at Daniel Hevwood's tavern; d. here July 3, 1810, aet. 89 (g. s.). 
N. f. k. 

Farmer. — Edward' F'armer was an early settler in Watertown (See 
Bond's Hist, of Wat.). 

Farmer, John- (Edward\), b. at Watertown, Aug. 19, 1671, d. Sept. 
9, 1736; wife Abigail, d. at Tewksbury, March 2, 1754, aged 75 yrs. 

Farmer, William'* (John% Edward"), b. at Billerica, Nov. 15, 1719, 

m. Ruth . settled in Worcester where these children are recorded: 

Benjamin, b. at Leicester. Sept. 9, 1749; Henry Willard, b. Feb. 7, 1753; 
James and John. b. Aug. 3, 1755. Evidently the family left town soon 
after 1755. 

Faulkner. — Edmund, first settler, early at Andover. 

Faulkner, Francis- (Edmund"), lived in Andover. 

Faulkner, Edmund' (Francis-, Edm.'). b. Apr. 2, 1688, at Andover; 
ni. Feb. 19, 1714-5, Elizabeth Marston. Edmund Faulkner may have 
lived here. He sold land Apr. 6, 1724, in W'or. to James Knapp. 

Ferrand. — Andrew" Ferrand, one of the Scotch-Irish settlers, a 
wheelwright by trade, was here in 1721 and before Dec. 25, 1722, when 
he sold land to Moses Leonard. He bought land here. Jan. 12. 1727-8. 
of John Stearns and sold land here. Nov. 11. 1728, to John Stinson of 
Boston, mariner. By wife Margaret he had here: John, b. F"eb. 27, 
1720-1, Elizabeth. 1). .^pr. 8, 1723. 

Ferguson. — James' Ferguson was one of the Scotch-Irisii settlers. 
He had brothers at Grafton. He or son James bought land here, June 
9, 1730, of Richard Wheeler, housewright. He went to Pelham, sol- 
dier in F. & L War and Rev. ; town officer, rem. to Coleraine ; m. Esther 
Thomson. Dec. 14, 1746, sister of Hon. Mathew (q. v.). Children: 
Mary, Esther, Margaret, Hannah, Robert and another son. 

Field. — John Field (colored) died here Aug. 30, 1846, aged 78 y. 



io8 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

His wife was . Children: Lucretia, d. Nov. 1, 1844, aged 5?; 

Sarah, d. Mar. 11. 18:3<i; probably had other children. 

Fisk. — The English ancestry of the Fisk families has been traced. 
(See Fisk Gen.). Lieut. David" Fisk, b. in Eng. 1624 (David", Jert'ry\ 
Robert\ Simon'. William-, Symond'), settled in Cambridge and Lex- 
ington; m. 164(i, Lydia Cooper: was prominent in town and church; 
lieutenant in the militia. 

Fisk, David' (David"), b. at Watertown, April 15, lli^O; ni. at 
Ipswich, June IT, l(i74, Sarah Day. He died in 1683. 

l-"isk. Dea. Jonathan- (David', David"), b. at Lexington, May 19, 
J(i;ii: 111. .Aliigail Reed; lived in Lexington and Sudbury; d. Ii4(). He 
bought land here, Ma_\- i;i, K2."), of Moses Learned: was then of Sud- 
bury. 

Fisk, Benjamin" (Jonathan^ David', David"), b. at Sudbury, March 
28, 1T30: m. 1752 Abigail Maynard. They lived in Sudbury and Wor., 
leaving here in 1801. Born at Sudbury: William, b. April 3, 1753. 
Born here: Moses, b. June 7, 1757; Benjamin, b. Apr. 9, 1759; Abigail, 
b. May 27, 1761; John,"b. Apr. 9, 1764; Lois, b. Sept. 18, 1767. 

Fisk, Nathan', b. in Eng. 1()15, settled at Watertown, and by wife 
Susanna had: Nathan, John, David, Nathaniel, Sarah. 

Fisk, Nathan-, (Nathan'), b. July 12, 1653, d. 1735; m. Apr. 13, 
1677, Mary, b. Nov. 29, 1651, dau. of' Daniel Warren. Children; Na- 
thaniel; Hannah, m. Joshua Bigelow ; John, h. Mar. 17, 1682; Sarah, b. 
July 4, 1684, m. John Hastings; Lydia, m. John Warren; Mary m. 
James Knapp ; Elizabeth, b. June 24, 1692, m. Jan. 25, 1715, Capt. Benj. 
Flagg, Jr., of W'or. ; Abigail, m. Allen Flagg Jr. 

Fisk, John-' (Nathaniel-, Nathan'), b. at Watertown, Mar. 17, 1682; 
m. at Sherborn Lydia .^dams, b. Feb. 21, 1684, dau. of Moses and Lydia 
(Whitney) Adams. He was a weaver; lived in Sherborn; d. 1730. 
Children': John, b. May 8, 1709; Lydia, b. Jan. 14, 1712; Isaac, b. Aug. 

24, 1714; Daniel, b. Apr. 7, 1716; Lvdia, b. Aug. 4, 1720, d. v.; Peter, 
b. Mar. 12, 1722-3; m. Sarah I'errv'; .Abigail, b. July 24, 17'27, d. v.; 
Nathaniel, b. Mar. 31, 1730. 

Fisk, Isaac* (John'', Nathaniel'-', Nathan'), b. at Sherborn, April 24, 
1714. d. Dec. 22, 1799. Will. Aug. 24, 1789, proved Mar. 17, 1800. He 
m. Nov. 11, 1736, Hannah Haven, b. June 10, 1716, dau. of Richard and 
Lydia (Whitney) Haven, and d. Feb. 21, 1800. He was a weaver in 
Worcester and Framingham. Hannah, John and Richard were b. in 
Wor. Children: Isaac, b. 1736; Hannah, 1). Mar. 27, 1739; John, b. 
Aug. 9, 1741, m. Abigail How; Richard, b. Feb. 25, 1750; Daniel; 
Moses, d. y. ; Lydia; Moses, b. July 12, 1755. 

Fisk, Nathaniel', b. in Eng. at \Veybred, Co. of Suffolk; m. Dorothy 
Symonds of Wendham. 

Fisk, John- (Nathaniel'), b. in Eng. 1619; m. Sarah Wyeth, dau. 
of Nicholas, who came with Nathan and Nathaniel Fisk; settled in 
Watertown, and died there, Oct. 28, 1684. 

Fisk, John^ (John=, Nathaniel'), b. at Watertown, Nov. 20, 1655; 
ni. Dec. 9, 1679, Abigail Parks, dau. of Thos. and Abigail (Dix) Parks. 
He m. (2) Jan. 7, 1699, Hannah Richards. He d. Jan. 6, 1718, (g. s. 
Waltham). Children: .-Xbigail, b. June 12. 1684, m. John Stearns; 
Elizabeth, b. Jan. 20, 1685. m. Benj. Whitney; John, b. May 15, 1687, 
m. (1) Mary Whitney and (2) Elizabeth Chenery ; Jonathan, bapt. Nov. 

25, 1688, d.'y. ; Tona'than, b. Dec. 8, 1689, m. Lydia Brown; Hepsibah, 
b. Jan. 13, 1693," m. George Harrington; daugh'ter, b. Nov. 19, 1695, d. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



109 



v.; David, b. April \.i, 169: : llannali. liapt. Oct. s. noi. Many of these 
or their descendants lived in Wor. 

Fisk, Dr. John' (John', John-, Nathaniel'), h. at Walthani, .May 15, 
168; ; m. June 7, 1711, Mary Whitney, dau. of Samuel and Mary ( l-Semis) 
Whitney. He ni. {2} Elizabeth Chenery, dau. of John. She d. in 1768. 
He d. here Nov. 2. 17.J6. He lived opposite the John Barnard place on 
the road to Boston. Children: Mary, b. Dec. "-'K, 1711, ni. Samuel 
Hagar; Abigail, b. Nov. 11. 1714, m. Ste])hen Sawin ; |ohn. b. June 
10, 1716; Sarah, b. Mav It, 1718; Jonathan, b. |unc -.'7, 1 f-.'O ; David, b. 
June 16, 1724; Daniel, b. ]7;J(), m. Sarah Kendall. 

Fisk, John-' (John\ John', John'-', Nathaniel'), b. at Walthani, June 
10, K 16, d. Ks.j, in Wor. Estate divided .April ^S, 17X6. among his 
heirs: m. June 1, 1748, Azubah Moore. Children, b. here: John, b. 
Aug. 16, 174!t, m. Irene Buck; Mary, b. Dec. ■-'■.', 17.-)l-2; Samuel, bapt. 
Sept. 2, 17.5;i, d. y. ; James, bapt. Aug. 10, 17.!).j, d. v.: James, b. Aug. 
17, 17.")7, (served in Rev.), m. Azubah RIoore ; Samuel, b. June 29, 1759; 
Elizabeth, b. Aug. 20, 1761, m. Daniel Chadwick ; Sarah, b. April 10, 
1764; Azubah, b. June i;J. 1768, m. James Goulding. 

Fisk, Jonathan'' (John\ John'. John-, Nathaniel'), b. at Waltham, 
June 27, 1729, d. 1781; son John, admr. His wife Abigail d. at Wen- 
dell, Oct. 8, 1792. Children, b. here: Jonathan, bapt. Nov. 7, 1762; 
Ebenezer, b. Mar. 17, 1765; Jonas, b. Sept. 27, 17()7, m. Matilda Leach; 
Sally, bapt. July 15, 1770; Daniel, bapt. June 26, \'.~2. m. Dorcas .Saun- 
ders; Mary, bapt. July .iO, 1775; Betsey, bapt. August .'51, 1777, (p. 
146 Fisk Gen.). 

Fiske. — Dr. Oliver, son of Rev. Nathan Fiske of Brookfield, b. there 
Sept. 2, 1762, (H. C. 1787 A. B.) (M. D. Harvard). He enlisted in the 
American army in the Revolution at the age of 18 yrs. from Brookfield; 
taught school in Lincoln 1786-7, but left his position to aid in suppress- 
ing the Shays Rebellion under Gen. Lincoln. He studied medicine under 
Dr. Atherton of Lancaster; was in partnership with Dr. Elijah Dix 
(q. v.); was active in forming the county medical society, of which 
he was secretary 1794-1802 and librarian 1799-1804; and its first presi- 
dent; councillor of the Mass. Aled. Society delivering the annual address 
in Boston, 1811, describing the smallpox epidemic of 1796 and the spot- 
ted fever of 1810 in Worcester county. He received his degree as M. 
D. from Harvard in 1824. He was a prominent Federalist, and an able 
public speaker. Some of his orations and political articles were ])ub- 
lished. He had a store about 1800 and advertised grass seed, etc., in 
the -Egis, April 14, 1802. 

In 1798 he was town treasurer of Wor., from 1800 to 180.'3 town 
clerk; appointed in 1803 special justice of the Court of Common Pleas. 
From 1813 to 1815 he was member of the executive council and from 
1816 to 1821 register of deeds. He was a member of the American 
Academy of Arts and -Sciences, corresponding member of the Linn?ean 
Society of New England; from 1824 to 18.'37 member of the Worcester 
Agricultural Society; member of Worcester Fire Society; councillor 
of the American Antiquarian Society. Deafness caused him to retire 
about 1822, and the last fifteen years of his life were devoted to 
agriculture. He lived in the old Judge Jennison house on Court Hill. 
He d. in Boston, Jan. 25, 1837. A son, R. Treat Paine Fiske, A. B., Har- 
vard, 1818, was a physician in Hingham, where he d. in 18()(). Dr. 
Fiske's estate was administered by son Oliver. The probate papers 
mention a son, Robert L. Fiske, a daughter, Sarah F. Pierce. The 



no HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

account is dated Feb. 16, 1837. Dr. Fiske lived in later years at 
Royalston. 

Fitch. — Col. Thomas Fitch of Boston bought of Henry Lee of Bos- 
ton land here, Dec. 25, 1724, and more of the same grantor, Feb. 18, 
1730. Lee's wife Katherine signed the second deed. Fitch did not 
remain here. 

Flagg. — Thomas' Flagg. ancestor of all of this surname in Wor- 
cester, was b. in Eng. ; settled in Watertown as early as 1643 ; was 
selectman 1671-74-75-76-78 ; lost an eye by a gunshot wound ; died Feb. 
9, 1697-8; wife Mary d. 1703; had 11 children. 

Flagg, Benjamin^ (Thomas'), m. Experience Child, who d. in 1747. 
He removed here to what is now Auburn, and d. there May 3, 1741. 
Children, b. in Watertown: Benjamin, b. Aug. 25, 1691; Experience, b. 
May 5, 1693; Abigail, b. April 16, 1694; Bartholomew, b. Nov. 16, 1697; 
Elizabeth, b. Dec. 28, 1699, m. Peter King; Gershom, b. July 11, 1702; 
Mary. bapt. April 9, 1704, m. Nathaniel Jones of Wor. ; Ebenezer, b. 
Jan. 21, 1705-6; Richard, b. May 30, 1708. 

Flagg, Capt. Benjamin^ (Benjamin-, Thomas'), b. at Watertown, 
Aug. 25, 1691; m. Elizabeth Fisk (see Fisk), who d. here Nov. 30, 
1760, aged 77 yrs. Benjamin was selectman here 1725-26. He was a 
carpenter by trade; schoolmaster 1729. His will was dated June 8, 
1751. Children recorded here: Elizabeth, b. May 24, 1717, (at Wal- 
tham); m. Absalom Rice; Lydia, b. Aug. 17, 1719; Abigail, b. Sept. 
6, 1721, m. Samuel Hubbard; Benjamin, bapt. at Waltham, Aug. 26, 
1723; Benjamin, b. Feb. 1, 1724; William, b. Feb. 5 or 6, 1726-7; Asa, 
b. March 3, 1728-9. d. v.; Asa, b. June 14, 1730, m. Lois Chadwick ; 
Mary, b. Nov. 27, 1732, d. unm. 

Benjamin' Flagg acquired large holdings in land. He bought of 
Henry Lee land here Feb. 8, 1717-8; of Ebenezer Brown of Cambridge, 
May 2, 1717; of Moses Leonard, June 12, 1717; of Ichabod Brown of 
Cambridge, Oct. 7, 1717. He sold to Henry Lee, Oct. 11, 1717; to Adam 
Winthrop, Aug. 6, 1719; to Richard Temple, June 22, 1720; to Peter 
King, Aug. 23, 1720; and bought land of Peter King, alias Rice, of Sud- 
bury, Feb. 10, 1724. He sold land, May 18, 1725, to Joseph Stratton, 
his wife Experience signing awav her dower. He bought land of David 
Baldwin of Sudbury, Jan. 31, 1726-7. 

Flagg, Capt. Benjamin* (Benj.', Benj-, Thomas'), b. Feb. 1, 1724, at 
Wor. He served in the French and Indian War; was captain in the 
Revolution in 1775 and It. col. in 1777. He d. Oct. 8, 1818 (g. s.). Chil- 
dren b. here: Benjamin, b. March 10, 1746, enlisted for three yrs. in 
the Rev. in 1778; Abigail, b. Jan. 21, 1747-8; John, b. Oct. 6, 1749; 
Phinehas, b. Oct. 9, 1751, served from Wor. in Rev., d. Oct. 1, 1791; 
Abel, b. Oct. 12, 1753, served in Rev., d. Sept. 18, 177.5; Lydia, b. Dec. 
21, 1755; Isaac, b. Apr. 21, 1758; Eunice, b. July 16, 1762;' Hannah, b. 
July 18, 1764: Mary, b. Dec. 19, 1765 or 1766; Aaron, b. Mar. 2, 1769. 

Flagg, Phinehas'' (Capt. Benj.*, Capt. Benj.', Benj.-, Thomas'), b. 
Oct. 9, 1751, in Wor., d. Oct. 1, 1791, aged 39 yrs. He was a soldier in the 
Rev. in Capt. Timothy Bigelow's co. By wife Rhoda he had here: John, 
b. June 11, 1778; Abel, b. Oct. 31, 1780; Sarah, b. Mar. 5, 1783; Daniel, b. 
Apr. 17. 1785, d. 1810; Polly, b. Dec. 12, 1787; Benjamin, b. June 12, 1790. 

Flagg, Asa* (Capt. Benj.^, Benj.^, Thos.'), was b. here June 14, 1730; 
m. Lois Chadwick (p. 151 Bond's Hist. Wat.). He was an ensign in 
the French and Indian War, 1757. Children b. here: Asa, bapt. Sept. 
28, 1751; Benj. bapt. with Asa; Nathaniel, bapt. April 22, 1753, served 



AND ITS PEOPLE m 

from Wor. in Rev.; David, hapt. Sept. 7, 1755; Dorothy, bapt. May 6, 
17(54; Eli, bapt. March 4, ]7(i4. 

Flagg, Richard-' (Benj.-, Thomas'), b. at Wat., May ;!(), 1708, d. at 
Holden, Nov. 12, 1799; his wife Grace d. at Holden, Dec. 4. 1S03, aged 
100 yrs. Children, b. here: Samuel, b. Feb. 13, 17;i7, d. here Sept. 24, 
1S19; Sarah, b. Apr. 19, 1739; Francis, b. Jan. 29, 1741-2; Abigail, b. 
June 24, 1744; Mary, b. Sept. 2G, 174(1 ; Elizabeth, ba])t. May 1, 1748; 
Silas, 1). June 17, 1749; Cyrus, bapt. June 25, 1749; lienjamiii, b. June 
2(j, 1751 ; Joseph, bapt. June 30, 1751. 

Flagg, Francis-*! Richard-', Benj.-, Thomas'), b. Jan. 29, 1741-2. By 
wife Phebe had here: Nancv, b. July 17, 1775; Samuel, b. Feb. 13, 
1777; Sarah, b. Nov. 19, 1779; Mary.' b. Oct. 22, 1781; John, b. Aug. 
2(1. 178:); Lucretia Chandler, b. Aug. 27, 1785; Timothy, b. March 18, 
r;ss; iM-ances, b. Mar. 10, 1789; Rufus and Winthroj), b. Apr. 3, 1791. 

Flagg, Thomas- (Thomas'), had children Mary, Hannah, Rebecca, 
Jennet, Hepsibah, Thomas. 

Flagg, Thomas-' (Thomas-, Thos.'), d. in 1719; m. Sept. 11. 1711, 
Rebecca Sawyer, who m. (2) May 20, 1728, Daniel Rainsford of Newton. 
Children of Thomas: Thomas, Elisha, Mary and Benoni. 

Flagg. Elisha' (Thomas''. Thos.-, Thos.^), was bapt. at Weston, 
Oct. 4, 1713; m. Feb. 24, 173(;-7, Mary Jones. They settled in Worces- 
ter. Children, b. here: Elisha. b. June 7. 1737; 'Enoch, 1). Apr. 10, 
1739; Mary, b. Mar. 20, 1742; Solomon, b. Mar. 12. 1744; Isaac b Mar. 
2, 174G. 

Flagg. Bartholomew' (Benj.-, Thomas^), was b. Nov. 1(5, 1697; d. 
before 1744; was a mariner. By wife Rachel, he had Bartholomew, 
tanner, of Chelsea. Marv, b. July 21, 1721, m, [otham Stearns. 

Flagg, Allen= (Thos.'), d. Nov. 1, 1711; m." Mar. 12, l(i84-5, Sarah 
Ball. Children, b. in Watertown : Samuel, b. Aug. (i, 168(5; Mary, m. 
William Park; Allen, b. Feb. 9, 1690-1; Dinah, d. 1704; Daniel, b. 
Oct. 16, 1696-7; Mercy, b. May 13, 1702; Deliverance, twin of Mercy; 
Jonathan, b. May 1. 1704; Dinah, b. Dec, 1709, m. Josiah Harrington. 

Flagg, Allen' (Allen% Thos.'). was b. at Waltham (Watertown), 
Feb. 9, 1701; m. April 10, 1717, Abigail Fisk, who d. Mar., 1730. He 
m. (2) Nov., 1737, Prudence Child. Children, b. at Waltham: Ebenezer, 
b. Jan. 2, 1717-8; Abigail, b. July 15, 1719; Josiah, b. June 9. 1722: Abi- 
jah, b. Aug. 29, 1724, of Sudbury; Jonas, b. Aug. 23, 1738; Elijah, b. 
Feb. 18, 1741; Mary, b. Aug. 20, 1744. 

Flagg, Josiah* (Allen', Allen-, Thos.'). was b. June 9, 1722. He 
had in Wor. by wife Elia or Elizabeth: Josiah, b. Dec. 13, 1750, (he 
served from Wor. in the Rev.) ; Elijah, Dec. 10, 1755 ; Molly, b. Apr. 18, 
1758; Amos, b. June 10, 1764; Silas, b. Aug. 1, 1767. 

Flagg, Ebenezer* (Allen', Allen-, Thos.'), b. Jan. 2, 1717-18. By 
wife Lvdia had here: Abigail, b. Sept. 6, 1740; Rufus, b. Jan. 18, 1742-3; 
Lydia, b. Sept. 22, 1746; Sarah, b. Sept. 21, 1748; Ebenezer, b. Dec. 15, 
1750; Sarah, b. May 24, 1754; Dolly, b. Oct. 13, 1756; Bettv, b. Feb. 
17, 1764; Betty, bapt. June 11, 1769. 

Flagg. Rufus-' (Ebenezer*. Alien'. Allen'. Thos.'). b. Jan. 18, 1742-3, 
had here by wife Martha: John, b. Jan. 29, 1770; Ebenezer, b. Sept. 13, 
1772; Perley, b. Feb. 13, 1775; Rufus, b. Oct. 7, 1777; Nathaniel, b. Aug. 
19, 1780; Tyler, b. Feb. 27, 1784; Patty, b. July 20, 1786; Sally, b. 
Aug. 25, 1790. 

Flagg, Michael- (Thos.'), m. (1) June 2, 1674, Mary Bigelow, who 
d. Sept. 3, 1704; m. (2) Dec. 27, 1704, Mary Earle. He" was a prop, of 



112 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Wor. His will is dated 1711. His six children were all Ijorn in Wa- 
tertovvn. 

Fletcher. — Benjamin Fletcher, one of the founders, 1718, bought 
land here June 14, 1717, of John Wheeler of Concord, and he was then 
of that tdwii. it he c;ime here at all, his stay was brief. 

Forbush (Furbush). — James Furbush, Scotch-Irish, settled in Wor- 
cester before 17;50. His wife Mary d. Dec. 6, 1748, aged 38. John Oulton 
of Alarblehead quitclaimed to Furbush 45 acres here, southwest of Oul- 
ton's farm on "Baggachouge," Feb. 16, 1730. Oulton sold land in the 
French river meadow here, to Furbush, May 31, 1753. Samuel Waldo 
of Boston, deeded to Hugh Kelso, James Furbush and William Johnson 
land in south Worcester, 82 acres, on Danson's brook. The deed men- 
tions John Gray's meadows, Oulton's land and land sold to Kelsev by 
Oulton, Feb. Iff. 1730. This deed was dated Feb. 23, 1736. He removed 
finally to Barre. His will is dated at Worcester, July 7, 1760, and was 
allowed Aug. 18, 1763. He bequeathed to children: James; Arthur; 
Mary, wife of Robert Smith ; Martha, wife of Alexander Graham ; Re- 
becca, wife of Micah Hamilton; Robert; William (executor with John 
Chandler). The name is spelled Forbus in some parts of the will. Only 
one child was recorded here: Ann, bapt. Jan. 31, 1747-8, d. May 9, 
1749. Other children : Margaret, m. May 5, 1766, Matthew Gray ; Mar- 
tha m. Jan. 18, 1759, Alexander Graham of Rutland; James m. Aug. 24, 
1747, Margaret McFarland. 

Furbush, James- (James'), b. 1724, d. March 11, 1762, aged 38 yrs. 
(g. s.). His father gave him half his farm in Wor. secured by a mort- 
gage to enforce conditions, and the mortgage was given to him by his 
father's will and discharged by William, executor, Oct. 11, 1769. The 
mortgage is of interest as it mentions the crops then raised here — 
potatoes, roots, cabbages, pinnpkins, beans, hay and feed, beef, pork, 
mutton, wool, and flax. The father was to provide yearly four days' 
work mowing. The mortgage was dated Jan. 4, 1744-5, and signed by 
Margaret, wife of James Jr. James Jr. died in 1762; Margaret was 
made admx. ; David and William McFarland, sureties. Children, b. 
here: Mary, b. Dec. 13, 1748; John, b. May 7, 1751; Elizabeth, b. May 
27, 1753, d. Mav 21, 1759; Lydia, b. Aug. 18, 1754; Anna, b. June 21, 
1757; Fannv, Ijapt. July 3, 1757; Sarah, b. Mar. 3, 1759; James, b. 
Jan. 39, 17(;i', (soldier in Rev.) ; William, b. Aug. 7, 1762. 

Fowle. — Curtis Fowle, b. in Eng. 1745, d. here Mar. 18, 1825, aet. 
80 y. He came to this country on a British frigate before the Revolu- 
tion, about 1766, served in the American army; m. Jan. 23, 1785, Sus- 
annah Shedd. The prob. records indicate that he had no children. His 
wife bequeathed. Apr. 8, 1825, to the children of William Tracy of Bos- 
ton, who "formerly lived in my family." 

Foster. — John' Foster, immigrant, b. Eng. 1626; m. Martha Tomp- 
kins, dau. of Ralph; d. 1687 at Salem. 

Foster, Samuel- (John*), b. 1652; m. 1676 Sarah Stuart. 

Foster, Samuel' (Samuel-, John'), b. Salem, July 26, 1680; m. 1701, 
Sarah Roberts, dau. Abraham of Andover. Will dated Feb. 6, 1762, at 
Reading. 

Foster, Jonathan^ (SamueP, SamueP, John'), b. at Reading, Jan. 9, 
1712; m. 1733, Dorothy Morrow, dau. of John and Ann. He served in 
the French and Indian' war; d. 1775; buried April 19, 1775. 

Foster, SamueP (Jonathan^ Samuel-', Samuel-, John'), b. 1743; m. 
Judith Foster; (2) Elizabeth Boyden. He came from Reading to Won, 



AND ITS PEOPLE 113 

settled finally in (lardner, where he fl. Mar. 2!>. \'/M). C'liildren. li. here: 
Elizabetli, 1). .\\n\ ;i(). KC>!l: Samuel, hajit. June Hi. i;;i. At (iardner: 
Jesse, b. .Sejit. Hi, llMl ; Asenath. I>. |;in. l-"i, i;s:;; ](inathan, !>. ."^ept. l".*, 
]TS(i; Kufns. 1). Uct. (i, 1 ;sii. 

Ezekiel [•"owler, d. here .Se]Jt. 10. ISll, aet. Sll y. X. f. k. 

Foxcroft. — Thomas F"oxcroft ui lloston bought land here Oct. " . 
K24, of Rev. Renj. Allen of I'ridgewater, l)Ut if he came at all. did not 
remain here. 

Franklin. — lienjaniin l'"r,'inklin. cooper, of ISoston bought land at 
Lake Quinsigamond of jnlm W'.amiKis. Indian. .Aug. IS, ir,;;. but \\;is 
not a permanent settler here. 

Fullerton. — .Samuel and Nathaniel i'uilerton. jjrobabiv brothers, set- 
tled in Worcester l.)efore Hliii. Their ancestry has ncit been traced. 

Fullerton' Nathaniel, died in li^ii here. His administration was 
dated March 111, IT'IlJ, Mary Stearns and .Andrew Duncan sureties on the 
bond. He bought land here, Ajjril 21, HfJ-'J, of Jabez Sargent of Wor. 
and March b>, lldi, of Thomas and Mary .Stearns of Wor, He was a 
cabinet maker. I'.y wife Abigail he had here; Edward, b. Sept. \ . 11(17 ; 
'Jdiomas Stearns, b'. Aug. 3;, ITIO; Nathaniel, b. Sept. 21, i::."i. 

Fullerton. .SamueP. died in 1811 in Wor. His will was dated Nov. 
1, 1810, filed Jan. :, isil. Heirs: Wife, Persis; children— Samuel, 
William, Simecjn, Betse}-, I'ersis, Nancy, Patty. He bequeathed a right 
in Wor. left by his deceased son John. There is on file another will 
dated June 21. 'lS(i:j. 

He m. May K, i;:2. Martha Rice; (2) May bi, 1781, Persis Dun- 
can, who d. Apr. Hi, 1844, aged S2 yrs.. a dau. of Simeon Duncan. Child, 
b. here b_\- first wife: Samuel, b, Sept. 1, 17T2. By second wife b. 
here; .Simeon Duncan. ba|)t. July II. 1182; Persis, h. June 12, K8.">; 
Nancy Howard, bapt. May li, 1181; Martha Saunders, bapt. Julv 25. 
]T90;'Sarah, bapt. Apr. 1. i;':i2 ; Rebecca, bapt. Apr. ID, Hit.".. 

Gale. — Richard' dale, b. in Eng., settled in Watertown .about HI40; 
will dated 1()18; wife Mary and six children. 

Gale, Abraham- (Richard'), m. .Sejjt. .'), Kill!, .Sarah Fisk, dau. of 
Nathan (see Fisk). .She cl. May 14, 1128. He was selectman of W;tter- 
town 1106 and 1118; d. Sept. I")', 1118; had Hi children. 

Gale, Abraham' (Abraham-, Richard'), m. at Wat., Dec. H, Hill'.l, 
Rachel Parkhurst, dau. of John and Abigail ((jarfield) Parkhurst, b. Dec. 
30, 1(il8, d. Jan. .'SO, 11(51. lie was a farmer; selectman in J118. 

Gale, Josiah* (Abraham', .Abraham-, Richard'), settled in Sutton; 
m. Elizabeth . He was a soldier in the French and Indian War. 

Gale, Gapt. Henry'' (Josiah*. Abraham', Abraham-, Richard'), b. 
March 'i'i, 1152, settled here, removing later to Barre. \'t. He was ;i sol- 
dier in the Revolution, 111."). He was in Princeton. 1111, Barre. V't., 
1190; d. in Brighton, N. A'., Aug. Hi, 18:i(i. He was ca])tain of a com- 
pany of Shays' command, 1181, and was indicted with Jacob Ghamber- 
lain, sentenced to death for treason, pardoned ; but the sheriff waited 
until he was (.m the gallows before reading the pardon to him. He m. 
Jan. Hi. 1112, Elizabeth Drurv of Wor. Ghild, b. here; Lucw ba])t. 
Apr. 25, 11i;i. 

Gale, John' (Aljraham-. Richard'), b. .Apr. 2, 1()81 ; m. L\'dia . 

Children. 1>. here; Joshua, h. Oct. 11. 1121; John killed in French 
and Indian W' ar ; Jonas, b. Sept. 2.'i. 1124; Sarah, m. Josiah Pierce; 
Lydia, m. John Chad-wick of Wor., Nov. Ki, 1149, (p. 4,3 gen.). 

Gale, Jonas^ (John\ Abraham-, Richard'). 1>. Sept. 23, 1724. d. in Hol- 
W.— 1-8. 



114 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

den, Sept. 21. i:.S4. His will was dated Sept. 20. 1T84, proved Oct. .">. 
1T84, bequeathing to wife Mary and children — Joshua. Mary. Jonas. 
Sarah. Isaac. Abel. Lydia. Susannah and Oliver. He was a jeweler 
until KfiS. He ni. Mar. 10. 1744, Mary Benjamin. He was at F"ort 
William Henry in 1T5T. Children, b. here: Joshua, b. May 28. 1T50, m. 
Molly Hubbard: Mary, b. Nov. 6, IToS, m. William Parker of Winchen- 
don ; Jonas, b. Dec. 15, 1754: John, bapt. May 15, 1757; Sarah, b. June 
29, 1759, m. Paul Raymond Jr.; Isaac, b. Nov. ;50, Kiil, m. .Susannah 
Moore; Abel, b. April 17, 1764; Lydia, b. Jan. 20, KtM, m. Solomon 
Smith; .Susannah, i). Apr. ;i0, 17()9, m. Ebenezer Wellington of F)0\lston : 
Oliver, b. May :iO, 17: 1. m. Esther Wellington of Wor. 

Gale, Abraham* (.'\brahanr', Abraham-, Kichard'). h. Nov. 28, K(i(i; 
m. Esther Cunningham, who d. July Ki, 1782. He was a blacksmitli. lb- 
d. .Sept. :>0, 17;9. Children, b. in Weston: Daniel, h. June K. i;21: 
Henry, 1). Mar. 2, 1722; Thaddeus, b. Sept. 2(5, 1724; .Abi'jah, b. Mar. 8. 
1725;' .A.bijah. b. [ulv 5. 1727; Jonathan, b. Mar. 18. i:29; Esther. 1). 
July 28, 1731 ; Abraham, b. Aug. 18, 17;!4; Elisha, b. Jan. 1. i:;35-(;. 

Gale. Daniel'' (Abraham*, Abraham-'. Abraham-. Richard'), b. at 
Weston. Jiuu- 17, 1721; removed to Sutton, then after 17(j2 to War- 
wick. He m. Sarah Lamson. .Sept. 4. 1743. He was at Port William 
Henry. 1757. 

Gale. Daniel'' (Daniel'', Abraham', Abraham'', Abraham'-. Richard'), 
was b. Nov. 18, 1753; served in the Revolution. He m. Esther Rice, b. 
Dec. 29, 1755, d. 1848. They settled in Petersham. Children, b. here: 
Luther, bapt. Oct. 17, 1779, in Auburn; Patty, bajit. Oct, 17, 1779; al.so 
had son Jesse. 

Gale, Jonathan' (.\braham*, Abraham'. .Miraham-. Richard') (p. 
05 Gen.), b. Mar. 18. 1727; m. (1) Abigail Heal. (2) Margaret Craw- 
ford, dau. of William of Shrewsl)ury. He was a soldier from Shrews- 
Iniry in the French and Indian War. He d. Nov. 22, 1799. 

Gale, Eli'' (Jonathan^, Abraham*, Abraham'', Abraham-, Richard'), 
b. Tune 3, 17(>0; settled in Wor.; sergt. in the Revoluticjn in 1777 in 
Capt. Pierce's co. ; ni. F'eb., 1785, Anna Brown of Wor. and li\ed here 
until 1 ;9;i. One child born here, Polly, b. Nov. 4, 1786. 

Gamble. — James Gamble, Scotch-Irish, had here by wife Lucy : 
Elizabeth, liapt. July 25, 1756; Mary, Nov. 16. 1758. John Gamble of 
Northboro m. lu-re (1) Jane Hamilton; (2) Jan. 3. G82, Moll}- 
Hamilton. 

Gardner. — Thomas' Gardner, b. in Eng. settled in Roxbury. where 
he d. Nov., 1638; his widow d. Oct. 7, 1()58. 

Gardner, Thomas- (Thomas'), b. in Eng.; lived in Roxbury and 
Brookline; d. lulv 15. 1689; m. lulv 4, 1611, ^Lucy Smith who d.' Nov. 
4, 1687. 

Gardner. Andrew' (Thos.-. Thos.'), b. at Roxbury, March 5, 1642; 
m. May 20, 1668, Sarah Mason, dau. of Hugh. 

Gardner, Rev. Andrew* (Andrew^, Thos.", Thos.'), b. in Brookline, 
grad. of H. C. 1712. (See p. 142 Lincoln's Wor.). He was the first 
minister of Wor., ordained in the autumn of 1719, receiving £60 at 
settlement. F"riction with his parishioners began soon, his salary being 
in arrears, and he was accused of too much attention to hunting deer 
and other game. In 1720 a council was held but the result was unsatis- 
factory. In response to petitions to the General Court it was resolved, 
June 14, 1722, "that it be earnestly recommended to that coimcil only of 
the seven churches which did meet at Worcester in Sept.. 1721. to whom 



AND ITS PEOPLE , , " 



ann 



a- 



the contendino; parties suhniitted their differences relating to Rev 
Andrew Gardner, that the said conncil proceed and go to Worcester' 
on or before the hrst Wednesday of September next to finish what is 
further necessary to be done for the procuring and establishing of peace 
in said town, according to the submission of the parties." The council 
declined to go on account of the remoteness of the town, but agreed to 
meet at Dedham. The council there advised that the relations of min- 
ister and people be dissolved, and. accordinglv. Mr. Gardner was dis- 
missed. Oct. 81. U-i-i. He had to sue for his' salary but the financhl 
matters were finally settled by arbitration. He wa's installed min s te 
at Lunenburg May 1„. K-^s. but here again there was friction, and he 
^ as dismissed on Feb. T. lS:n-•.^ "because he was unworthy" He 
died in one of the Conn. River towns. "The errors of Mr Gardner" 
says Lincoln, seem to have been more of the head than the heart 
Eccentricities resulting from secluded habits, and ignorance of the wavs 
of the world, united with that independence of spirit, regardless of its 
Znt' ^r^'^^'^-^d, '^'^ .usefulness. Less mindful of clerical dignity 
than of exhibition of xyit in its practical sports, the strict sense of pro- 
priety was somewhat shocked by acts in themselves inn,, cent " 

T..,.V°f •!'}"'* ''^'■'^ ^° Gershom Keyes. April 20, K-.';. and May fi 
iiii. No children are recorded here. ' 

John and Mary Gardner, negroes, were here as early as KO? 
had a large family. 

Garfield.— Edward' Garfield, b. in Eng.. settled before lfi35 in Wr 
ertovvn and d. lG,r>. He was ancestor of President Garfield and all 
the colonial families of this surname. 

,..„^^'''^ *".'''• J^'iathan. descendant of Edward', was here as earlv as 

U' ,','"""l?^i °'" ^"^"'"'".V- "^^ ''ought land in North Wor.. Feb 10 

-,0-1. with his son Jonathan of .Samuel Goodnow. By wife Submit he 

hi rii ^'f 1'^';^ K- ^'^^y- ^'••^'- --^"^ by wife Elizabeth he had Eliza- 
oem, D. Aiay J. li.M. He was a weaver. 

Garfield. Jonathan (Jonathan), boughf with his father land men- 
loned above; also land ,n Rutland. Oct. 15. i:;53, of Abner Cutler of 
Rutland, and probably removed thither. 

. Garside.— James Garside. wh,, d. here Nov. 18, 1848. aged 75 y was 
1). Ill Eng. N. f. k. -by-. vTci.-i 

Gary.— Joseph Gary may have been related to the Gary family of 

to Ml'f-"'T ^"77 Gary and Gerry families of Scotch ancestry came 

to Mass. Joseph bought land here north of Dry Pond, Sept 6 1742 of 

Thomas Green of Bristol Mass., (now R. L), and more land'. Dec 4, 

nK-'< i?i^r"i, ,"■V^^^°'■■ ^y '"''^^ ^^"^h he had here: Hannah, b. 

b Dec ^'t-io P fi' ,• "^r '• ^'^''- ■-•'^•■''''^- '^- J"'y 31, 1747; Reuben, 
D. JJec. i. 1(49; Ruth, bapt. Jan. 19. 1752 

fv n'^M^'T^'^*^''!^'"' Gates b. in Eng., came with wife and two children 
lom Hingham Eng.. to Hingham, Mass., in 1638; removed to Cam- 
bnc^e about 1652; spent a few years in Lancaster. He died June" 
l(.i>.\ leaving a will bequeathing to wife Ann and children 

Gates, Stephen^ (Stephen'), b. 1640, d. 1706; lived at Acton Stow 

T .., f»°"' ^°","- .}}^ '"• ■^'"''■''^'^ Woodward, dau. of George and Eliz- 
abeth (Hammond) Woodward of Watertown. His will is dated .Sept. 

Gates. Simon' (Stephen^. Stephen' ), 1,. June 5, 1666 ; m. May 4, 1688 
Hannah Benjamin, of Stow. Simon, of Stow, deeded to son Benjamin of 
Wor., Dec. 3. 1728, land bought of Peebles; deed also signed bv wife 



ii6 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Hannah. Rol^ert Peebles sold this land to Gates. Sept. 2T, 1727. Simon 
was of Marlborough when he bought of Thomas Gleason of Shrewsbury 
land in Wor., March 2, 1721-2. 

Gates, Benjamin' (Simon', Stephen'-, Stephen'), b. at Stow; settled 
here on land given him by his father. His sons settled in Barre and 
other parts of the county. He m. -Bethulah Rice, dau. of Jonathan and 
Anna (Derby) Rice of Sudburv. She was b. Mar. 24, 170-1, (p. 22 Gen.). 
Children, b.'here: Israel, b. Jan. 25, 1727-8; William, b. Mar. 14, 1729- 
30, d. 1784 (Jonathan admr.) : Thomas, b. June 27, 1732; Makepeace, b. 
May 12, 17.3.-): Benjamin, b. Nov. 27, 1737; Esther, b. Apr. 20, 1739; 
Jonathan, b. July 27, 1739, died about 1821, mentioning heirs, wife Sarah; 
children — Asa, Persis. Jonathan and Ebenezer; Aaron, b. Oct. 2, 1744. 

Gates, Simon' (Simon-, Stephen'), b. Jan. 5, 1675-fi, d. Mar. 10, 
1735; m. May 29, 1710, Sarah Wood, dau. of John and Lydia. His wife 
d. in 1751. They lived in Marlborough. Simon of Marlborough Ixnight 
land here April 17, 1725, of Thomas Prentice of Newton. Children: 
Simon, b. Dec. 11, 1710; Sarah, b. Oct. 15, 1712, m. Ephraim Church of 
Rutland; Susannah, b. Dec. 19, 1714, m. Capt. John Phelps of Rutland; 
Stephen, b. Aug. 20, 1718. m. Damaris How, lived in Rutland; Solomon, 
b. Alay 14, 1721; Sar 'el, b. Feb. 28. 1724, m. Caroline How, lived in 
Petersham, soldier in ev. ; Silas, b. Feb. 2, 1727. m. Elizabeth Bragg; 
John, b. Jan. 27, 1729 

Gates, John* (Siuion', Simon'-, Stephen'), h. Jan. 27. 1729, lived 
here, and his will dated here March 16, 1763, was proved April 11, 1763, 
bequeathing to brother Simon, land in Petersham ; brothers Stephen, 
Samuel, .Silas, and heirs of brother Solomon, sisters Sarah Church and 
Susannah Phelps. 

Gates, Simon* (Simon-', Simon-, Stephen'), b. Dec. 11. 1710, d. .A.pril 

11, 1777; m. 1749, Sarah How, who d. Sept. 30, 1800, aged 75 yrs. Si- 
mon's will was dated Feb. 4 and proved June 2, 1777, at W' or. ; heirs — 
wife Sarah and children — Simon (exr.) Rebecca, Sarah, Mary, Asa, 
John, Levi. Children, b. here: Katherine, bapt. Oct. 13, 1751, d. y. ; 
Katherine, b. July 4, 1752, m. Phineas Jones; Rebecca, b. Dec. 27, 1753, 
m. David Richards; Simon, b. June 6, 1756, soldier in the Rev., d. Feb. 
2, 1,S49, aet. 93, m. Sarah Edgerton ; Asa, b. Jan. 29,1759, m. Fanny 
Field; Sarah, b. ,-\pril 2, 1761, m. John Sargent; John, b. Jan. 14, 1764, 
m. May 20, 1786; Levi, b. May 29, 1766, m. Chloe .Sumner, removed to 
Shoreham. \'t. ; Marv, b. Jan. 17, 1769, m. William ^loore, and d. Dec. 
24, 1809. 

Gates. Solomon* (Simon\ Simon-, Stephen'), b. May 14, 1721, d. 
Mar. 4. 1761, at Wor., m. Nov. 10, 1748, Mary Clark. ""His will was 
dated Feb. 27, 17(il, filed same year, allowed March 19, 1781. Heirs: 
Wife Mary and children — Samuel, James, Paul, .Silas, all minors. The 
records have a letter from Stephen Gates of Rutland to brother Simon 
of Wor., Mar. 17, 1761. Children, b. here: Sarah, b. Aug. 3, 1749; 
Samuel, b. Jan. 1. 1750-1, d. Dec. 19, 1831, m. Lucy Chadwick. soldier in 
Rev.; Mary, b. Jan. 19, 1753, d. y. ; Paul, b. Dec. 12, 1754; Silas, b. 
Dec. 1, 1756 ; Joseph, bapt. Feb. 11, 1759. 

Gates, Paul'' (Solomon*, Simon'', Simon'-^, Stephen'), b. at Wor., Dec. 

12, 1754, d. June 25, 1826, at Shoreham, Vt. Joseph Clark was apptd. 
gdn. of Paul, March 4, 1769. He was a soldier in the Revolution. He m. 

(1) Phebe ; (2) Nov. 29, 1792. Zerviah Spooner. Children by 

first wife, b. here: Samuel, b. Apr. 11. 1777; William, bapt. Nov. 8, 
1778 ; John, b. Aug. 29, 1781 ; Artemas, b. Dec. 13, 1783. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



(iates. Jonathan'' (Simon-. Stei>hen'). I). June 22. KicS.S; d. Fel). T, 
17.").V(i, at W'or. He was of Cambridge, Jan. ".20, I'.'AO-I, when he sold 
land here, to John Weeks of ?kIarll)orough. lie bought land here March 
■"), 1 ^'.iit-.'iO, of Thomas How of Marlborough, then being of Cambridge. 
Me came soon afterward Xu Worcester. lie iiought his homestead in 
\','A\ of Xathl. Jones, l.">() acres, on Lake O. and Plantation street; m. 
Nov. v!;, \',\2. Fersis She])ard, dau. of Thomas and Hannah (Ensign) of 
Charlestown : she d. Jidy ]2. 1T7(), aged S(). His will was dated Apr. 
."). Kill, ])roved May V2. Kofi, Ijcqueathing to wife Persis and children — 
Persis, m. .\donijah Rice; Margaret, m. \Vni. Bigelow ; .Susanna, Sarah, 
John, Jonathan and William. Children: Jcjhn, b. IH-'); Jonathan, 
Kl" : Persis, d. Jan. (i, K(iO, at Wor., m. .\donijah Rice, the first white 
child b. here: Margaret, b. .Aug. 2~,. ]~,2]. m. William I'.igelow of Wor.; 
Susanna, b. June '2, IT'-iC; Sarah, b. lune 1".', 1730, m. lonathan Moore: 
William, b. March ST, K;55-(;. 

'Gates, Jonathan' (Jonathan', Sinmn-, Steidien'). b. 17 17. d. lS():i 
in Wor.; had part of the homestead. His will dated .\])r. 11, 1790, 
was filed Mar. 15, ]S():i, ijecpieathing to children — Josiah, .Stephen, 
Thomas (exr., with Nathaniel Harrington), Samuel, .-\mos, Paul, Abi- 
gail Woodward, Hannah Stone, Susanna Taylor and Elizabeth. Chil- 
dren, h. here: .Abigail, b. Dec. ;il, 1741; Nathaniel, b. Mar. 17, 174:5: 
Josiah, b. June 14, 1744; Hannah, b. Dec. 28, 174r)-(); Susannah, b. Dec. 
2, 1748; Stephen, b. Mav 8, 17.j(.), soldier in Rev. War; Thomas, 1). June 
29. \::)3: Samuel, b. M'av ii, 175:); Paul, b. June 22, 1757; Elizabeth, 
b. Dec. 12, 175!); William, b. Dec. 15, 17(il ; .Amos, b. .Aug. 21. 17(i4. 

Gates, J(jhn^ (Jonathan', Simon-, Stephen'), b. 17];i, d. Wor., Nov. 
27, 171)7. He had north part of the homestead (James Deaper place). 
He sold the farm in 1771 to Edw. Crafts and rem. to Tatnuck to the 
Sumner Cook place. Fowler street. He m. X'ioletta Rice, dau. of jotham 
and Mercy (Earle) Rice, b. 1722, d. Feb. 1(J, 1801. at Tatnuck." Chil- 
dren, b. here; Prudence, 1). Tulv 12, 174.'!; John Shepard, b. Mar. 17, 
1744-5; Persis, b. Fel). Hi, 174(;-47; Daniel, "b. Mar. 2, 1751; Mary, b. 
Mav 11, 1753; Sarah. 1). Juh- 2.'!, 1755; Silas, b. Jan. 29, 1757, (served in 
the'Rev.); Martha, b. May 11, 1759; Lvdia, b. July 23, 17(!2; Phinehas, 
b. Jan. 20, 17()(i; Nathaniel, b. Mar. 29, 1770. 

C7ates, Capt. William* (Jonathan', Simon-, Stephen'), b. Mar. 27, 
1735, d. July 7, 1811, had central j)art of homestead. He was a captain 
in the Revolution 17 75-78. His will dated Apr. 10, 1799, was proved 
Sept. 3, 1811, bequeathing to wife Joanna and children — Eleanor, wife 
of Samuel Graves ; and children of Anna Eaton, his deceased daughter 
(William Jr., Russell, Polly and Anna Eaton). The widow Joanna 
died in 1828 leaving a will, bequeathing to William and Betsey Eaton 
land in Grafton, formerly owned by Abel Wesson, and her son William 
was e.xr. He m. Nov. 7", lTfi4, Joanna Stearns of Wor. Children, b. here: 
Lucretia, b. .Aug. 27, 1705; Anna, b. Jan. 22, 1767, m. William Eaton; 
Eleanor, b. Jan. 2, 1769; William, b. Mav 8, 1770, m. Betsey Stearns; 
Mary, b. Mar. 23, 1772. 

Gates, Josiah"' (Jonathan^ Jonathan', Simon-, Stephen'), b. June 
14, 1744, (served in the Rev.); had here by wife Silence: Josiah, b. 
Mar. 24, 1773; Josiah, bapt. April 24, 1774; Josiah, bapt. April 2, 1775; 
Horatio, b. Nov. 33, 1777 ; Hannah, bapt. Sept. 26, 1779. 

Glasford. — James Glasford was one of the Scotch-Irish settlers. His 
will was dated Jan. 1, 1752, proved 1757, bequeathing to children — James 
(exr.), John, Mary, wife of William Patterson; Miriam, wife of John 



ii8 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Clogstone ; Anna, wife of William Thompson. They resided in the 
Leg. The son James Glasford d. in 1T()3; James Hart appointed admr. 
Oct. ■^3, 17f).'5; children not mentioned in the papers. The family left 
town earl}-. 

Glasgow. — .Simon Glasco (Glasgow), m. here Aug. 1, 1T76, Pru- 
dence Jones: was here temporarily. N. f. k. 

Gleason. — Thomas' Gleason, b. in Eng. UiOT, probably at Sulgrave, 
Co. Northampton, d. in Cambridge, 1(J86 ; m. in Eng., Susanna Page, 
who died in Boston, Jan. 24, 1G91. He removed from Watertown to 
Charlestown in U)58, and later to Medford ; d. in 168G. 

Gleason, John- (Thomas'), b. in Watertown, 1(J47, d. in Sudbury, 
]G8!t; soldier in K. P. War in Capt. Josejdi Saville's co. He m. in Sud- 
bury, Jan. 10, lij';^, Mary Ross, dau. of James and Mary (Goodnow). 
She was b. in Sudburv, Dec. 25, ]65<i; her father came from Eng. in 
1651. 

Gleason, Th(jmas^ (John-, Thomas'), b. 1680, d. in Wor. 1755. He 
was one of the founders, buying land of John Gray, Oct. 7, 1718, and 
of Lieut. Jonas Rice, Dec. 3, 1718, but was still in Marlborough, Dec. 
5, 1718, when he bought land of Benjamin Barron of Concord. He sold 
land here March 7, 1721-3, to Simon Gates of Marlborough. He was 
called of Shrewsbury, a yeoman, March 7, 1726, in a deed of land here 
to James Knapp, March 7, 1726, a deed that his wife Priscilla also 
signed. He m. Priscilla Miller, dau. of Isaac and Priscilla (Ball) Miller. 
She was b. at Sudbury, Oct. 25, 1703, d. at Won, 1771. Children, 
recorded at Wor.: Susanna, b. Aug. 4, 1722; Isaac, b. Aug. 6, 1724; 
Phineas, b. July 16, 1726: Joseph, b. Aug. 31, 1728; Patience, b. Feb. 
18, 1730; Solomon, 1). Mar. 14, 1732; Bezaleel, b. Aug. 14, 1735; Daniel, 
b. Feb. 25, 1736-37; Abigail, b. Ai)r. !», 1740; Thomas, b. Mar. 3, 1741- 
2; Priscilla, b. July 1, 1744. 

Gleason, Isaac' (Thomas', John-, Thomas'), b. here, Aug. 6, 1724; 
d. Jan. 7, 1776; m. Eunice Smith. He was a prominent citizen of this 
town ; held most of the offices ; served in the Revolution. Children, b. 
here: John, b. Oct. 30, 1745; Benjamin, bapt. July 12, 1747; Patience, 
b. Jan. 7, 1748, m. John Barber; Reuben, b. Mar. 14, 1750, (soldier in 
Rev.); Isaac, b. Mar. 8, 1752, d. y. ; Eunice, bapt. April 14, 1754; Isaac, 
bapt. ]\Iar. 3, 1754, m. Prudence Smith: Prudence, b. Oct. 2, 1756; 
Azubah, b. March 26, 175II, m. Jonathan Thayer; Lydia ; b. Apr. 1, 1761, 
m. Nathaniel Flagg; Solomon, b. Aug. 13, 17(i4, m. Eunice Wilson; 
res. Colrain. 

Gleason, John'' (Isaac^ Thomas\ John-, Thos.'), b. Oct. 30, 1745; 
lived in Wor., served in Rev. ; wife Sarah. Their son Capt. John, b. 
1774, d. April 14, 1823; m. Mar. 2!), 1801, Polly Symonds, who d. Apr. 
29, 1829, aged 51 yrs. Their dau. Sarah, d. Sept. 19, 1823. (See vital 
records for other children). 

Gleason, Jonathan (of this family) by wife Ruth, had in Wor.: 
Jonathan, b. Oct. 3, 1750; Elizabeth, bapt. Dec. 2, 1752. 

Gleason, Jonathan 2d. (probably son of Jonathan mentioned above) 
by wife Martha had here: Ruth, "b. Nov. 2, 1773; James, b. Jan. 8, 
1778; Jesse, b. May 14, 1780; Oliver, b. Mar. 17, 1783. 

Gleason, Jonathan, b. 1745, d. June 27, 1827, aged 82 yrs. (g. s.) ; 
served in Rev.; m. (1) Dec. 1, 1767, Lucretia Moore, dau. of Increase and 
Lydia. She was b. March, 1749. He m. (2) Mary Fisk, b. 1748, dau. of 
John and Azubah (Moore) Fisk ; she d. Aug. 4, 1824, aged 73 yrs. He m. 
(3) Nov. 17, 1825, Eunice (Wilson) Gleason, widow of Solomon Glea- 



AND ITS riiOPLll 



son. Jonathan Gk-ason. corduainer. perhaps his father, bought of 
).nu- oden land here Mar .., , :4,s. Ch.ldren. b. her;: Jon^attan 
en I);.c ■; 'r-"'! •^^f^^--f- ,!''■'' I^^-^c, b. April 27, HTr, ; Reu- 

H [■-, in ;y,', " • ^^'"'-'^'•\- ''• ••H^'". 5, 1 782 : James, b. Mar. IS. i:84, 

juiy 29!'i;9r"'' • '-■ • ''""^ Eb-zabeth, b. Oct. 1<;, ];92; Ebiiira, 

,..,^^'^''^'^?' J"-'^''!'*^' (Thomas'. John^ Thomas'), b. at Wor Aug .31 
1,28 m. May 9. ITol. Lydia Whitney. Children, b. hc-^e: Josc,^; b 
Apr. l.i. 1 .2, (solcber „, the Rev.); I.ycHa. b. Feb. 21. IT.W, m. Jos'iah 

M^"^^^\ '^-.J-- ^^- J'f«- <-l<lier in the Rev.,; Priscdla. 1,. 
Alaj .JU. liob; Submit, b. Oct. 7, 17G0 

Gleason. Bezaleel^ (-rhoma's^ John^ Thos.',, b. .Aug. 14, 17.35 in 
\\ or., m. Heps.bah Keyes, dau. of Ebenezer and Tamar (Wheelock 
Keyes. He was deer-reeve here in 17.;;!, ,p. 121 Gen.,. Children b 
here; Vernon or Vernal, ("dau." in town record, but oldier n Rev 
a^K m Lucy Sm.th ; Hannah, b. Jan. .30, 1762; Seth, b. Mav 20 r764' 
IJ^lly, b. Jan. !., KG.S; Rezaleel, b. June 1^, K.;:, or i:;0; Claris b.^b! 

i^ h • u '""■ ;'r ^'^?; ^>'^'^ ^'"'^h- ^•'''"- °^ I^o''"t 'i"rf Sarah She 
was b. ,n Wor May 14. 17.54. They moved to Hubbardston Chil- 
dren : Luke. b. Feb. 27, 1 7,S8, and Lvdia, b May 2.; 1 7'i() 

Gleason, Phmehas* (Thomas', John-', Thos.',', b. Inly Ki i:->G at 
Wor : m. June 23, 17.52, Eunice Chadwick. Children, l,." here'- Phi'ne- 
has b. heb. --l. 1..53 served in the Rev., d. here Dec. 26, 180!)' (g s ) • 
m. Margaret kelso; Hannah, b. Mar. 4, 1755; Lydia, bapt. May 1 175 ' 
Dav.d bapt. July 15, 1759, soldier in Rev., d. at Auburn, .Apr 29 l,S3;j ' 
th. ^^^^''^'f-}^^^^';^^^^^'- Thos.', John^ Thos.',. bapt. 1754, 'soldier in 
':! R7- ^'- -^"g- '-i- '^■':'jj^ac].l,ere by wife Abigail ;' Lucy, b. Nov. 27 
1-.4, Is.iac, b. June l.J, 1777; limothv, b. Aug 2 17^9 

Goddard.-William' Goddard, b.' l.i;i() i„ Lon.lon, Eng. ; m 16,5- 
Ebzabeth Miles; settled m Watertown in 1666 

Goddard, Joseph^ (William'), b. 1655 in London, Eng. ; m Deborah 
Treadwell ; lived in Muddv River (now Brookline, 

Goddard, John' (Joseph^ Willi.amM. b. 1699; d. here June 26, 1785- 
m. (l)_Lucy Seayer; (2) Hannah (Jennison) Stone, who d Dec 4 1777 
^'^■'k ■■''"■i ,^'^fy ^'\";e here in 1745. Children; John, b. M^y 28! 
1.30, Samue, b July 24, 17.32; Hannah, b. Julv 2S, i:;!,;. „, , i ) Abd 
Heywood, (2, Asa Wood; Jo.seph, b. Dec. 5,-i;40, d .Apr 9 17 8 
at Wor. ' ' ' 

Tune^^'l^n S=Jl""^'V-';';!"'' ^?r- ^^■"'■''' I'- J"ly ^4, 1732, d. here, 

804, (p. Ih, .3.J Gen.). His will, dated Mar. 17. 1802. was proved 1803 

bequeathing to wife Abigail and children-John. Joseph^ Mel tab e 

Mary Lucy and grandchildren Polly and Nabby Taintor Children b.' 

Abigail, b. Jan. ,s 1:,;,. „,. j^el Taintor; Hannah, b. Aug 17 
M '; "]• \^}'r- -, "' V"'^'^'"^■ Mehitable, b. May 16, 1764; Lvdia, h. 
b TuK ?r''l-'^ f'^^'ir/'-A/'""- f^'\^''"^- '"• ^^°''^^^ Goddard; Eli'zabeth, 
I / Y or- ::?• 1- ^'-'"^ ^^""'y^ '^- J""^ •^- 1-2. d- I^ne 26, 1817; Samuel 

b Van 29 V-^V't '''',; -^i"' I' '" "t"" ''' '''"• "^"'^^ '" -^^''''-'--V^ Lucy,' 
bSent 6 r83 '/s°'T • '• Y-'f'J'^'' '"• ^'^"--'''^ ^''^^vton; Eunici, 
b. Sept. 6, 1 ,83. (See biography of Harry VV. and Dorrance S. Goddard). 



120 



HISTORY Ol- WORCESTER 



i 







r.5t 




)1)I)AR1) HOUS!-:, HOLDKX ROAD— OLOKST HOUSE IX CITY. 



Goodwin — C'apt. James' Goodwin (ancestry not traced) came from 
Readino; to this town soon after Feb. 4, K4I, when he bonght hind here 
of WiUiam Caldwell of Wor.. adjoining- land of Jonathan Gates and Thos. 
Binney. He was a housewright. He bought more land here, Mar. 6, 
1748, of Benjamin Flagg, Jonas Kice and John Chadwick on the south 
side of Milestone Hill. He bought land also, Apr. 18. GoO, of Mar- 
garet Binnej' of Boston. The will of a James Goodwin of Wor., is dated 
Dec. 'M). 180*, filed Feb. 3, 1808, bequeathing to wife .A.bigail and chil- 
dren — Harriet Loring. James Goulding, Leander and Palmer tjood- 
win. This James m. at Wor., April i. 17!).'), Abigail Goulding; he was 
called of Westminster, doubtless a son of James. 

He was ciptain of a com])any of men in Col. John Chandler's regt. 
in the expedition to relieve Ft. William Henry, 1757: captain in 1700 of 
a comjjany of militia; selectman 1759; one of the protesters in 1774. 
He d. June 'i. 17 7(1, in his ('>2d yr. (g. s.). His first wife Mary, d. July 

4, 1749, in her :i:]d yr. He m. (2) Sarah . Children: Elizabeth, 

m. Mar. 9, 1758, Ignatius Goidding; Mary, m. Mar. 1, 1757, Samuel 
Bridge; James, d. liere Jan. 4, 1808, aged 40 yrs. Born in Wor.: Jo- 
seph, b. Aug. 11, 1747 ; Jonathan, bapt. June 30, 1749. By second wife: 
Rebecca, b. Oct. ■,;i, 1751, m. Mav 1, 1781, .Amos Johnson; John, b. 
Aug. 6. 175:!; Tal)itha, b. May 4, r75(;, ni. Dec. \-i. 177(i, Joel Doolittle 
of Petersham. 

Goodwin, John- ( Capt. James'), b. here .A.ug. fi, 1753, served in the 
Rev.; m. at Leicester, Feb. 11, 1773, Martha Moore. Children, b. here: 
Elizabeth, b. June 30, 1773; Sarah, b. Mav 5, 1775; Pollv, b. Julv 10, 
1777; Hannah, b. Aug. 14, 1779. 

Goodwin, Isaac, son of William (who was for many years post- 
master and cashier of a bank in Plymouth) was b. there June 28, 1786. 
He studied law in the office of Hon. Joshua Thomas and was admitted 
to i)ractice in 1808, opening an office in Boston, but removed in 1809 to 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



Sterling, where he remained until April, lS-<!(!, when he located here. 
He d. Sept. 17. is;!'^ Mis will was dated June '.'S. ls:'.-,\ "this day 40 yrs. 
old." He be(iueathed to wife Elizabeth; Lucy Lathrop, Elizabeth Ma- 
son. William Hammett. John -\bbott and Mary Jane Goodwin. He was 
a student of history, autlior of the history of Sterling' in the "Worcester 
Magazine," 18"^(); "The Town Officer" in IcSvJd; "The Xew England 
SheriiT" ]S;!(); and had various addresses published. 

GOOKIN 

[Address by Charles T. Tatniaii on Field Day of the Worcester Society of .An- 
tiquity. June 23. 1917. on Packachoag Hill where Gookin and Johii Kliot met the 



friendly Indi 



ans. 



The first Gookin of whom a record is found was .'\rnoId (iookin, who lived in the 
County of Kent, England, not far from Canterlniry, early in tlie sixteenth century. 
His son Thomas, had a son John. 

About the year 1600 John Gookin, a man of wealth and prominence, bought the 
Manor of Ripple, also known as Ripple Court, situated in the Coimty of Kent, on the 
English Channel, between Dover and Ramsgate. The manor-house occupied a hill 173 
feet above the sea. and commanded a line view up and down the coast. A modern man- 
sion, now the home of Colonel Joseph Sladen, occupies the site of the ancient manor- 
house. 

Daniel Gookin. the first, was baptized October 28, 1582. He was, therefore, about 
eighteen years old when his father's family took up tlieir residence at Ripple Court. 
He was the fourth of a family of twelve children. Daniel was married January 31, 
1608, in Canterbury Cathedral, to Alary Byrd. 

Daniel's brother Vincent, an adventurous young fellow, removed to Ireland, and 
Daniel soon followed him. in 1616. in which year Daniel purchased the castle and 
lands of Carrigaline, on the coast, about seven miles from the city of Cork. 

Daniel became a shareholder in the Virginia Company, and in 1620 took up an 
enterprise for the shipping of cattle to Virginia, and on November 22 in the following 
year, 1621, he arrived in Virginia with the good ship Flying Harte, carrying abundant 
provisions and cattle, a crew of fifty men, and about thirty passengers. All this com- 
l)any he established at Xewport Xews. suitable grants of land being made to them. 
Four months later a great massacre by the hidians took |)lace. Under the leadership 
of Captain John Smith, it was determined that all the outlying X'irginia plantations be 
abandoned, but Gookin's company would not obey this command, feeling that they could 
defend themselves with the aid of the palisades and trenches which had been con- 
structed. 

Gookin soon after went back across the ocean, and in London obtained the grant 
of a patent of 2500 acres at Xewport Xews, X'irginia, which, however, was not issued 
until many years later, after his death. He also took a share in the Xew England 
Company. 

His second voyage was made in the ship Providence, navigated by Captain John 
Clarke, who had been the master of the Mayflower on her memorable voyage to Ply- 
mouth. The Providence arrived in \'irginia early in 1623 with provisions, cattle, and 
passengers. Daniel had acquired 150 acres of land on a hill at Xewport Xews, which 
he named in honor of his wife, Marie's Mounte. How long he dwelt in Virginia We 
do not know, but his speculations do not appear to have been very successful as he was 
obliged to sell his Carrigaline estate in Ireland, and died in the city of Cork about 
1632. He had had five children, all sons, of whom Daniel was the third, born, probably 
in the County of Kent, England, in 1612. This Daniel, whom I shall call Daniel Gookin, 
2d, is the man in whom we are chiefly interested. 

The first we know of the life of Daniel Gookin, second, is that in 1630 he and his 
brother John conveyed away Marie's Mounte. in \'irginia, and that he was then living 
at Xewport Xews. In 1634 the court granted him the long delayed patent for 2500 
acres which had been aw^arded to his father, which was finally confirmed by deed of 
the royal Governor, John Harvy, in 1637. The next we can find of Daniel is the rec- 
ord that he was married in London late in 1639 to Mary Dolling of St. Dunstan in the 
West, London. 

Early in 1641 Daniel and Mary Gookin, with an infant son. set sail for Virginia to 
take up their permanent residence in America. It is probable that he was already a 
Puritan, although most of the settlers in Virginia were members of the Church of 



1 22 



HISTORY or irORCIlSTHR 



England. He was promptly made a burgess, and took part in the legislative proceed- 
ings of the Grand .\ssembly at Jamestown. He was also made a Captain of "trayned 
bands," which responsibility soon brought him in contact with the Indians. 

Captain Gookin found among his neighbors a considerable number of Puritan 
families. He joined in signing. and sending a letter in 1642 to Massachusetts Bay, ask- 
ing that ministers be sent them. Accordingly. Rev. William Tompson of Braintree, and 
Rev. John Knowles of Watertown, were sent to Virginia, where their coming was 
hailed with delight by Gookin and his companions, but was strongly resented by the 
royal Governor Berkeley, who lost no time in procuring the enactment of a law for- 
bidding ministers not of the Church of England to preach or teach, and instructing the 
Governor and Council to compel all non-conformists "to depart the colony with all con- 
venience." For a while the ministers managed to work with the iieople in their homes, 
but very soon they were put on board ship and packed back to Boston. 




Sword and cane of Daniel Gookin, now in possession of Charles T. Tatman. 

(see biog. ) 

Gookin found it unpleasant to li\e in Virginia by reason of this law and the pre- 
vailing cliurch sentiment, and so migrated to Maryland, where he dwelt for about a 
year. While (jovernor Calvert, a Roman Catholic, was tolerant in his treatment of all 
settlers of whatever religious denominations, Gookin preferred to live among those of 
his own faith, and so, with his family, set sail for Xew England, arriving in Boston, 
May 20, 1644. 

Gookin was therefore about thirty-two years old when he settled in New England. 
Within ten days of his landing he was made a member of the First Church of Boston, 
and a freeman of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. His family resided for four years in 
Roxbury, and were near neighbors and intimate friends of Rev. John Eliot, now known 
as "the .'\postle to the Indians." Gookin is described as being "tall in stature and ro- 
bust in physiiiue ; in bearing grave and dignified." 

Gookin appears to have retained his Virginia and Maryland properties for some 
years and to have engaged in coastwise shipping between Xew England and Virginia. 
He is said to have been elected to the General Court during his four years residence in 
Roxbury. In 1648 he removed to Cambridge, where he bought a house on a street 
then called Crooked, but now Holyoke street, on the site now occupied by the Hasty 
Pudding Club. The town later, in 1649, made him a grant of five hundred acres of 
land for a farm, at the same time granting the same area to Henry Dunster, president 
iif Harvard College. Gookin was promptly after his arrival made captain of tlic Cam- 
bridge train-band. In 1649 he became a member of the General Court from Cambridge, 
and in 1651 was chosen speaker. In the same year he was made an associate of the 
county court, held at Cambridge, and in the next year, 1652, he was elected an assist- 
ant, that is, a member of the council of eighteen magistrates who were, with the gov- 
ernor and the deputy governor, administrators of the government of the colony, and 
dispensers of justice. To this high oftice he was continuously elected for thirty-five 



AND ITS PEOPLE 123 

years, with the exception of one year ( lO;*)) when his trieiulhiiess for tlie Indians met 
with popular disapprobation. 

In 1655 Gookin appears to have made a voyage to Kngland. partly for the purpose 
of settling the estate of his brother Edward, who had died there. The English revolu- 
tion had taken place and Oliver Cronnvell was Lord Protector. Daniel's cousin, Vin- 
cent Gookin. was a member of parliament and was in the midst of his great struggle 
to prevent the wholesale banishment of the Irish people which had been proposed. 

Cromwell was a mighty military leader and a statesmati who looked far beyond 
the seas, and especially to the West indies, in his ambitions for English preferment. His 
fleets had failed to conquer Santo Domingo, then in the hands of the Spaniards, but 
had succeeded in capturing Jamaica. Cromwell was wishing to colonize the island of 
Jamaica, and, learning of Gookin's presence in England, sent for him and proposed 
that Gookin should manage a migration of settlers from New England to Jamaica. 
Gookin argued against the proposal, saying that the settlers in Xew England had made 
great progress in establishing themselves, after sulTering tremendous hardships, and 
that he did not believe they would care to leave what they had won and tempt fortune 
in a strange clime and in the midst of new and unknown dangers. 

However, Cromwell insisted that the attempt be made, and Gookin was authorized 
by the Council of State to undertake what was called a "transplantation" of English 
colonists in New England to Jamaica. In a long letter of instructions to Gookin the 
Council made the following alluring argument to prospective emigrants: 

Out of I^ove and affection to tlieni.selves and the fellow feeling; Wee have always 
had of the dithculties and neoessitie.s they have been put to contest with ever since 
they were driven from the Land of their Xativitv into that De.'sert and barren Wilder- 
ness from their Consciences sake which wee could not but make manifest at this 
tyme when as Wee thinke an opportunity is offered for their enlareement and 
removing them out of a hard Countrye into a Land of plenty. 

Gookin returned to .\merica and got out circulars and tried to stimulate an inter- 
est in the proposal from England in regard to the migration to Jamaica, but the reports 
from Jamaica had been so unpleasant as to the unhealthful climate and the troubles 
made by Indians, negroes, and Spaniards, that he could make no headway, as he duly 
reported in several communications. Finally the idea was abandoned. 

Gookin went to England again in 1659 "about some special concerns" as he says 
in a letter, but the nature of which he does not disclose. At any rate, he was soon 
employed as collector of customs at Dunkirk, which had fallen into the hands of the 
English. And immediately after, he was made "Deputy Treasurer at War. to reside at 
Dunkirk, and receive and pay all moneys for the forces there, and also for contingen- 
cies, that the accounts may be better kept, and he is to be responsible for all, and com- 
municate the state of affairs as occasion requires." 

This post probably had to be vacated on account of the approaching Restoration of 
Charles II to the throne, and Gookin left prngland for the last time, having as fellow 
passengers the celebrated regicides, Goffe ami Whalley. They took up their temporary 
residence in Cambridge, proliably at the home of Daniel Gookin. but were obliged to 
leave and hide themselves in the western wilderness, where, though hunted long, they 
were never found by the King's officers. 

The Pu!;itans of New England were never again enthusiastically submissive to 
royal authority, and while their magistrates were compelled to take the oath of alle- 
giaiice, the Archives of Massachusetts present the following record in regard to our 
subject: "Daniel Gookin, before he took the oath of allegiance ' in court. May 24th, 
1665, did openly and plainly declare that in taking that oath he would be so under- 
stood as not to infringe the liberty and privileges granted in his Majesty's royal char- 
ter to the Governor and Company of Massachusetts, whereof he is a" member, and 
unto vvhich he is sworn formerly. Boston, the 24th of May. 1665. Daniel Gookin." 

This spirit of liberty and standing on tlieir rights against roval encroachments sub- 
jected the people of New England to the visit of a commission sent bv the English gov- 
ernment to enforce subjection on the part of the colonists. The General Court named 
a committee consisting of the Governor, the Deputv-Governor. and four others, includ- 
ing Daniel Gookin. to deal with the same matters on behalf of the people. 

The English cominissioners had a long investigation, which amounted to nothing 
except that there was an exchange of opinions, the colonists renewed so much of their 
allegiance as was consistent with their liberties, and matters went on as before. 
Among other things the commissioners reported to the King that GofTe and Whalley 
had been everywhere entertained and feasted after they were told they were traitors 
and ought to be apprehended : that Gookin had harbored them in Cambridge and had 
furnished them with horses and a guide on their departure, for which offences the 
commissioners had seized Gookin's cattle for his Majesty's use, but as Gookin had re- 
fused to answer before the commissioners, no more was done about it. 



124 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

In addition to attending to the carrying on of his farms, his trade with Virginia, 
his plantations in Virginia and Maryland, and his duties as a magistrate, Gookin found 
time to serve as a selectinan of Cambridge for twelve years, retiring in 1672. He also 
served as a leading member of the committee which settled the Ferdinando Georges pre- 
tensions to property and jurisdiction in Maine and elsewhere. 

But the activities by which Gookin is best known today were his friendly efforts 
in behalf of the "praying Indians" as those of the aborigines were called who professed 
Christianity. He had often accompanied Rev. John Eliot, his old Koxbury friend, on 
his journeys among the Indians, and felt with Eliot that it was best for the Indians and 
the colonists to be on as -friendly terms as possible. Six settlements of the praying In- 
dians having been established, the General Court in 1656 established the office of "Sup- 
erintendent of the Praying Indians." to be filled by one of the magistrates, he to act 
with the chief of their rulers and dispense justice. Gookin was naturally chosen, and 
served diligently for thirty years with the exception of the times when he was absent 
in England. 

These duties brought (iookin and Eliot into frequent and intimate association, atid 
necessitated many journeys into the wilderness — trips full of hardship and, danger in 
those days. It was on one of these journeys that Gookin and Eliot visited Packachoag, 
a town of one hundred praying Indians, located on this spot. The friendly attitude of 
(jookin and Eliot towards the Indians subjected them to misunderstanding, criticism, 
abuse, and wrongful accusations, through all of which, however, they lived in serenity 
of soul, and ultimately found themselves firmly entrenched in the conlidence and good- 
will of their fellow-citizens. 

The outbreak of King Philip's War. in the summer of 1675. was foretold in the 
spring of that year, through a warning given to Gookin. The latter tried in vain to 
induce the colonists to prepare with defensive measures, and to make use of "the 
fidelity and integrity of the praying Indians." The war went on. and some of the 
praying Indians backslid into their savagery. But Gookin and Eliot were patient, and 
tried to secure sane and just treatment of the Indian problems. Still, the popular mind 
was so inflamed that these gentlemen were hardly safe from violence in the streets, 
and in 1676 Gookin was dropped from his office as an assistant, but after one year's ab- 
sence from the bench he was triumphantly returned in 1677. 

Daniel Gookin was most prominently identified with the founding of Worcester. 
He was one of a committee of four appointed by the General Court in 1665 to inspect 
lands near Quinsigamond Pond with a view to settlement. This committee did not 
act. and a different committee, however, including Gookin. was appointed in 1667. The 
comiTiittee rejiorted favorably the next year, and later, in 1668. Gookin and three others 
were designated to make a settlement. The original records of the proprietors were 
in the handwriting of Gookin. The first house was built in 1673. but the settlement lan- 
guished for a decade. 

In 1684, according to the records of the General Court, Major General Daniel 
Gookin. Captain Thomas Prentice, and Daniel Henchman, recognized as the commit- 
tee for settling the new plantation near Quinsigamond Pond, petitioned that the place 
be called Worcester, and it was so ordered. 

It was in 1681 that Daniel Gookin was made major-general of the colony, that is, 
its highest military officer. He retained the office for five years, until the abrogation of 
the colony's charter, in 1686 by James II. It was the independence of thought and 
spirit of such men as Daniel Gookin and Samuel Dan forth that not only brought down 
the royal wrath, but also implanted and fertilized the seeds of liberty in the souls of the 
people of Massachusetts. A single quotation from a state paper signed by Gookin will 
serve to illustrate the courage of his mind. Said he: "I verily believe that so gracious 
a prince as our king is will be very slow to deal so severely against his poor loyal sub- 
jects that are not conscious we have showed any disloyalty to him or his predecessors, 
nor have been unwilling to obey him in the Lord. But when the case is so circum- 
stanced that we must be accounted offenders or ruin ourselves, of two evils the least is 
to be chosen." 

At the time of the naming of Worcester. Gookin was an old man. 73 years of age, 
but still active in his Indian ministrations. He still resided in Cambridge, and never 
dwelt in Worcester, although at the time of his death, in 1687, he was the owner of 236 
acres of land here. This land did not stay in the Gookin name. Daniel Gookin was 
buried in the churchyard of the First Church of Cambridge, across Harvard Square 
from the gates of the University, where a memorial to him now stands. 

Daniel Gookin's seventh child, Samuel, becatne High Sheriff of Suffolk county, 
and afterwards of Middlesex. It was to this son, Samuel, that he left by his will, 
his rapier and other articles intended to become heirlooms. This son Samuel had a 
son, Daniel Gookin, third, who became the first High Sheriff of Worcester County on 



126 HISTURY Uf IVURCESriiR 

its establishment in I7JI. The sword or rapier has been handed down to me. together 
with a cane also used by the sheriff. 

So we have three Daniel Gookins. The first was the early settler of Virginia; the 
second, his son, who migrated from Virginia to Massachusetts and became Major Gen- 
eral ; and the third, grandson of the second, who was the first High Sheriff of Wor- 
cester County. 

Goulding. — I'eter' Goiilding. !>. in Eng., proljably at Shipdam, six 
miles from Norwich, descendant of Rev. Thomas Goulding. He was a 
saddler by trade, and also jjracticed law. He was not a Puritan, and 
never joined the church, but was of acknowledged morality and had 
rare courage and enterprise. He was in \'irginia in 166T, and is said 
to have been one of the first anti-slavery men of this province, after 
visiting his brother there. In USTO he was attorney for Joseph Deakin 
of Boston in a suit against Thomas Jenner, mariner, for the recovery of 
a negro slave, to the sale of whom three years before in Virginia, he 
testified. His handwriting was exceptionally good. He had a serious 
difference with the Suffolk County Court, was prosecuted and fined for 
"charges that he divulged against the court and clerk of Suffolk County." 
In consequence, Oct. 18, 1681, he addressed a complaint and [petition 
to the General Court, but instead of sustaining his appeal, that bod\' 
sentenced hiin to make public acknowledgment of his fault, to satisfy 
the court or pay a fine of £20 to the treasurer of the colony. But the 
General Court accejjted a vcr}- ambiguous and dubious acknowledgment 
and remitted the fine. He was of Hadley, Oct. 13, KilU, when he sold 
land here to John Wing. 

He bought of Isaac Negus, .\pril 11, 1(S82, 200 acres north of Mer- 
rimac River on Beaver Brook. He was also interested in the second 
attem]>t to settle Worcester in 1()83, and bought the rights of Thomas 
Hall, late of Worcester, March 30, 1()9T, being then of Sudbury. It is 
supposed that he lived here some time between 1683 and 1688, His son 
Palmer revived his claim to 15? acres when the permanent settlement 
was made in 111:!. Peter also owned 3020 acres in Grafton. He died 

in Sudbury in K03. He m. (1) Jane ; (2) Sarah Palmer, sister 

of Hon. Thomas of Boston. Children; Peter, d. y. ; Mary, b. Jan. 21, 
16(;r)-6. d. y. ; Francis, b. Pel). 22, l()67-8, [irobably d. y. ; Martha, b. in 
Va., m. John Smith of Hadley; Elizabeth, b. Oct. 6, 1673, m. W'illiam 
Jennison of Charlestown, lived in Sudbury and Worcester; Winsor, b. 
Mar. 3, 1(h4-."); Thomas, b. Jan. 2, 1677; Sarah, b. Aug. 19, 1679; John, 
captain, b. 16S2, m. KO."), Abigail Curtis, dau. of Joseph; Mercy, b. at 
Boston, Sept. 8, 1686; Peter sold land here July 11, 1728, to William 
Jennison was of County Berkley, S. C, was a blacksmith ; Abigail ; 
Arabella; Ca])tain Palmer. 

Goulding, Capt. Palmer- (PeterM. b. 169.'), proljably in Sudbury; d. 
here Feb. 11, 1770, aged 7.") yrs., m. at Concord, Dec. 4, 1722, Abigail 
Rice, who d. at Holden Feb. 17, 1722, aged 70 yrs. He was buried on 
the Common. He not only took up the right of his father in this town, 
but bought extensively. He purchased the right of Charles Crosth- 
wayt, then of County Salem, New Jersey, Nov. 16, 1721. This land was 
originally granted to George Danson of Boston. As early as Oct. 1, 
1723, he and wife Aljigail sold to Col. Samuel Browne of Salem, 1,206 
acres of land in various lots here, mostly in the French River meadows, 
but some in Tatnuck. He sold land to John I?igelow, July 17, 1722; to 
Henry Lee, Mar. 27, 1724; to Nathaniel Jones, April 27, 1725, and to 
Thomas Palmer, Nov. 2, 1728. He built his house where the Fourth 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



C'ongTffjatKmal Church stood later near J<"rotit street, and carried on a 
varied and extensive business as tanner, shoemaker, malster. curing 
hams, etc. He was on the first committee to seat tlie meeting house, a 
deHcate and im]iortant duty at that time; was constable, 1 ■;2ri--i;--^S-".i!) ; 
selectman, 1 1:) l-.'!T-41-4;)-(i4-(i."> ; treasurer, 1T38; assessor, 1 7;>'.i-33-;?-l:. 
He was a leader in military atYairs ;uid commanded a com[)any at the 
capture of Louislnirg, June V, . 114-"i. 

He and William Johnson Injught \'A] acres on the shore of Lake 
Quinsigamond, Pel). 2i, 1T.")(I. He and his sons were located in busi- 
ness in the square bounded liy Front, Mechanic Church, and Spring 
streets. Just j)rior to the organization of the town he built the house, 
long occujiied bv the family on Front street, east of the Common. 

Children, h. in. Wor. :'l. Palmer, b. Feb. IS. i:-23-:?. 2. .•\bigail, b. 
Sept. -.'4, ]'r.>4. d. May V. . \::U;. :>,. Col. John, b. Oct. o, i;-.'(i, d. \ov. 22. 
17i»l: m. Lucy Brooks. 4. Millicent, b. Nov. ">;, lT".3.s, d. unm. Aug. 9, 
181;!, talented teacher, once a Shaker. 5. Zurvilla, 1). Dec. 2'). \','.W. m. 
Mar. •.'V'. K4!»-.")(), Cornelius Stowell. C. Winsor. b. Dec. 4, n;3v'. m. Eliz- 
abeth Rice. ~t. Ignatius, b. Sejjt. G, 17:U. d. Nov. 5, 1814, m. Elizabeth 
Goodwin. 8. Peter. 1). Dec. ;iO, K;J(i. It. Abel, b. Mar. 4, i:;S8, d. Dec. fi. 
1817, m. Keziah Johnson of Shrewsbury. li\ed on Milestone Hill, father 
of [ohn Goulding, the in\entor. 10. I^lizalieth, b. Ma\' 1, 1741. d. unm. 
11." Patty, m. John Miller. 

Goulding, Palmer'' (Capt. Palmer-, PeterM, was b. here Feb. 18, 
]'i22-'A: d. Jan. :i(), \:'.)2: m. (ll Feb. t?.",, I7.3v\ .Vljigail Heywood, who 
d. May 5(>, 17 lO. aged 3.") yrs., dau. of Daniel and Hannah (Ward) Hey- 
wood. He ni. (2). (_)ct. 31, 1770, in Sutton, Rebecca Richardson. His 
administrator was apyiointed, April U. 17!)2; heirs — wife Rebecca and 
children. The estate was given to his son Daniel who paid the others — 
Hannah I'dackman, Sally Goulding and the heirs of .-Xbigaii and Fanny 
Goulding. His epitaph read: "In memory of Capt. Palmer Goulding, 
who after a life of activity, justice and humanity, died 30th January, 
1792, aged ()9 _\-ears." He was selectman in 1 ■; 7 1 . He was a Loyalist, a 
signer of the famous protest of 17 74: was disarmed by the Committee 
of Correspondence in May, 177."), and furbidden to depart the town. 

Children, b. here, first wfie : 1. Daniel, b. Sept. 20, 17-V,>, d. 
Jan. \2. 1834: selectman, town clerk, captain. 2. Thomas, b. TuL- 3, 
"1754, d. .\ug. -.'li. 1 ;.")(;. ;i. John, b. Sept. 19, K.'iC, d. Apr. ]C>. 17."i7' 4. 
Abigail, liapt. .\pr. -33, i:,"),s', d. Mav 2], G.'i.s. .">. Samuel, bapt. julv 10, 
]7«0, d. July 17. 17(iO. (!. Cornelius, bapt. .\ug. 30, 17(;i, d. Fell. 10, 
17fiv!. 7. Hannah. 1>. Jan. S, 17<i4: m. June 11, 1787, Nathan Black- 
man. 8. Sarah, bapt. Jan. 17. G(iS. By second wife: 9. Abigail, b. 
June 2. 177 1; m. .\pr. 4, 179V, James Goodwin of Westminster. 10. 
Palmer, 1). June 11, 1774; d. Feb." 19, 1790. 11. Fanny, b. Aug. :>, 1780. 

Goulding, Peter' (Palmer-, Peter'), b. here Dec. 30, 173(); d. July 
14, 1790; m. Lucy Brewer. He was a carpenter by trade and was killed 
bv falling from a building. Children, b. here: 1. Levi. b. Mar. l"i, 17(i7, 
d" June 8, 17i!7. 2. Clark, b. SejU. 24. KIJS. :i. Lucy, b. Apr. 10. 1770; 
m. Nathan Gates. 4. Patty, b. Mar. 11, 17 72; m. 1791 Charles Johnson. 
5. Lucinda, b. Feb. 2-'>. 1774; m. 1792 Timothy Johnson, lived in Wor- 
cester, (i. Peter, b. May 1."), 17 7(1. 7. Sally, b. ".A.pril 28, 1778; d. June 
27, 1778. 8. Sallv, b. April IS, 1780; m. Reuben Scott. 9. Zervilla, b, 
Sept. 21, 1781. 10. Naliby, b. Dec. 23. 1783; d. Feb. 25, 1799. 11. Levi, 
b. Sept. 11, 1787 ; m. Ai)r. 18, 1809, Sally Harrington. 

Goulding, Clark' (Peter', Palmer^. Peter'), b. here Sept. 24. 1768; 



128 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

d. here Aug. 14, 1829; m. Prudence King, b. Apr. 9, lTT(i, d. Apr. 13, 
1849. Children, b. here: Mary, b. Oct. 2;\, 1795; d. 1837; m. 1834, 
Arthur Keyes of Boylston. 2. Lewis, b. .^ug. 18, 1:97; d. May 8, 1847; 
m. Lucy Adams, res. Gardiner, Me. 3. Abigail, b. June 21, 1799, ni. 
Elisha Chaffin. 4. Harriet, b. Feb. 22, 1801, m. Ebenezer Dana. S.Henry, 
b. Dec. 12, 1802; d. Jan. 30, 188(5, father of the late William Henry. 6. 
Eli, b. Aug. 12, 1804; m. Martha Alexander of Deerfield. 7. Clark, b. 
Mar. 31. 180G; d. at DeKalb, N. H., Jan. 29, 1894. 8. Lucv, b. Oct. 15, 
1807: m. Jason Chapin. 9. Peter, b. :\Iar. 30, 1810; d. Alar., 1896, m. 
Malinda Hubbard. 10. Emelia, b. Mar. 15, 1812; d. Apr. 17, 1812. 11. 
Frederick, b. Dec. 12, 1813; d. Feb. 8, 1814. 12. Hannah, b. June 15, 
1815; m. H. P. Dunham. 13. Fanny, b. Aug. 2, 181(1; m. Gardner Childs. 
14. Frederic, b. July 19, 1823, m. Calista Perkins. 

Graham. — Lincoln gives Duncan Graham as one of the Scotch- 
Irish pioneers. N. f. k. 

Alexander Graham of Rutland, ni. here Jan. 18, \~,y.), Martha Fur- 
bush ; (2) Nov. 25, HI 3, Margaret Gray at Wor. 

Graves. — Samuel Graves of Sudbury, blacksmith, owned land here ; 
sold Jul}- 1, 1725, to James Rice of Wor. 

Gray. — John Gray, one of the Scotch-Irish who came in l';i8, set- 
tled with others of his family in this town in the same year. He was 
one of the signers of the petition at Londonderry, Ireland, to Gov. Shute 
of Mass., in 1717. He bought land here of Thomas Gleason, Oct. 1, 1718, 
and of Nathaniel Jones, Nov. 15, 1723. He sold land here or gave it to 
his son John Jr., Oct. 28, 1726, and July 1, 1730. His wife Elizabeth 
signed one of the deeds. He deeded land to Matthew Gray, Jan. 7, 1723- 
4, to William Gray on the same day and to Robert Gray, May 3, 1725; 
to Thomas Palmer of Boston, Sept. 28, 1727. 

John (ira)' was evidently a man of years when he came, born as 
early as l(i70. His ancestors were from Argyleshire, Scotland, locating 
in or near Londonderrv, Ireland, in 1712. The family was in Perthshire 
in 1300. 

Children: John; Matthew; Samuel; Hugh (?); William; Robert. 
Perhaps others. 

Gray, Robert- (John'), was Ijorn in Ireland in 1(597; blacksmith; 
came here with his father. He was at Brookfield in 1733. He owned a 
half-lot, bought Sept. 5, 1732, on both sides of the French River. He 
sold land here March (5, 1726-7, to Henry Lee. 

He married Sarah Willey. He died here Jan. 16, 1766 (g. s.). Hi.s 
will dated Aug. 10, 1762, proved Mar. 7, 1766, beq. to Molly, wife of 
Andrew Boyd; Sarah; Experience, wife of Thos.^ Cowdin; Moses Wil- 
ley Gray; Samuel; Robert; Joseph and John signed their consent. Chil- 
dren, b. here: Experience, b. Aug. 12, 1730; m. Thomas Cowdin; 
Joseph, b. Nov. 18„1732; Robert, Dec. 23, 1734; Molly, Oct. 23, 1737; 
John, Sept. 17, 1739 or 40; Sarah, Mar. 30, 1742; Moses Willey, Nov. 
30 or Dec. 31, 1745, ancestor of Prof. Asa Gray of Harvard; Samuel, 
Apr. 23, 1748 ; Thomas, Aug. 10, 1750, d. Oct. 7, 1756. 

Graj', Robert (Robert, John), b. here Dec. 23, 1734; m. Margaret 

who d. Sept. 7, 1796, aet. 58 y. (g. s.). A Margaret wife 

of Robert, d. Dec. 26, 1800. He d. Oct. 6, 1799, aged 65 y. (g. s.). He 
was a member of Old South Church. His will was dated March 8 and 
filed, Oct. 19, 1799, lieq. to John, Robert, Experience Perley, Sarah War- 
ren, Betty Greenwood, Anna Child, Lucy Walker, Mollv and Thomas. 
Child., b. here: John, b. Aug. 16, 1763; Molly, b. Jan. 23, 1766, of 



AND ITS PEOPLE 129 

Premt Paris, Me.; Thomas, b. Apr. 7, 1768; Sarah, b. Feb. 19, 1770; 
Robert, b. Mar. 29, 1772; Betty, b. Jan. 4, 1774; Anna, b.ipt. Mar. 24, 
1776; Lucy, bapt. Sept. 6, 1778. 

Gray, William, son of Robert and Mary, was b. June 17, 1743, 
according to the Wor. records (probably Mary should read Margaret). 

Gray, Robert^ (Robert', John'), had here by wife Elizabeth, dau. 
Sarah, bapt. April 25, 1773. He probably rem. to Warren. 

Gray, Moses Willey-' (Robert-, John'), b. here Dec. 31, 1745; m. 
Sally Miller of this town, rem. to Templeton ; soldier in the Rev. ; rem. 
in 1787 to Grafton, Vt., and in 1794 to Oneida Co., N. Y. ; m. (2) Anna 
Buckingham. (See p. 157 Gray Gen.). 

Gray, William- (Robert'), b. in Ireland, bought land here of Ste- 
phen Minot of Boston and received land from John Gray, Jan. 7, 1723-4. 
By wife Jean, he had here: Ann, b. Sept. 17, 1722; Mary, July 11, 
1724; Sarah, b. May 25, 172G; Esther, b. April 12, 1728; Jonathan, b. 
May 8, 1730; Eliot, b. Aug. 17, 1732, d. y. ; Jean, b. Feb. 9, 1737-8. 

Gray, Matthew, probably a brother of John, must have been living 
here in 1733, for Mathew whose wife was Margaret, was then called 
"Jr.", and Matthew, whose wife was Jane, was called "3d." One of 
these Matthews was son of John, the other probably son of Matthew. 
Matthew Gray and wife Joan went to Worcester in the fall of 1718 
according to Prof. A. L. Perry (p. 161 Gen.) but he has the various 
Matthews mixed hopelessly. One of them was sealer of leather and 
hog-reeve in 1724. The latter office was generally given to some young 
man, often a newly-wed. He says that Matthew bought in 1728 the 
nucleus of the Gray farm. John Gray sold to Matthew Gray land here 
Jan. 27, 1723-4, and Matthew Gray sold land to Richard Ward, Feb. 
17, 1723-4. 

Gray, Matthew Jr., was probably son of John and called "Jr." itt 
1733 to distinguish him from the elder Matthew. Children, b. here ; by 
wife Margaret: Sarah, b. Nov. 22, 1717; Jean, Aug. 19, 1720; Eliza- 
beth, Dec. 9, 1722; Mary, b. Jan. 31, 1734-5; Matthew, b. Apr. 4, 1727; 
John, b. Mar. 24, 1728-9; Moses, b. May 1, 1731; Matthew, b. May 22, 
1733; Margaret, b. July 31, 1737. 

Gray, Matthew, probably son of Matthew, b. 1710, according to 

Prof. Perry, called 3d in Wor. records ; m. (1) Jane who d. Dec. 20, 

1764, aet. 48 (g. s.) ; m. (2) Margaret McFarland. Ch. by first wife, 
b. here: Susanna, b. Aug. 9, 1736; Jemima, June 34, 1742; Reuben, 
Dec. 3, 1744; Sarah, bapt. Jan. 31, 1747-8; Matthew, Mar. 1, 1750; Rob- 
ert, b. Oct. 30, 1751; Sarah, b. Sept. 30, 1753; John, b. July 1, 1756; Jo- 
seph, b. June 4, 1758; Esther, b. Sept. 4, 1760. By 2d wife: Jane, b. 
Mar. 19, 1767; Isaac, bapt. Oct. 30, 1769; Jacob, 1770; Jacob; Isaac; 
Jean and Matthew. Matthew's will, Apr. 11, 1781, proved 1783, men- 
tions wife, Margaret ; ch. — Reuben, Esther. 

Gray, Reuben^ (Matthew 3d-, Matthew'), b. here Dec. 3, 1744; was 
deeded the homestead by his father in 1772; m. Lydia Millett; he d. 
May 23, 1814, leaving the farm to son Matthew. Children, b. here: 
Betsey, b. Jan. 1, 1774; Nathaniel, b. Apr. 12, 1775; Molly, b. Feb. 13, 
1777; Luke, b. Oct. 21, 1778; John, b. Feb. 9, 1781; Matthew, b. Jan. 
9, 1783; Moses, b. Feb. 17, 1785; Reuben, b. May 8, 1787; Lydia, b. 
July 3, 1789, m. Rev. Baxter Perry, of Lyme, N. H., father of Prof. Ar- 
thur L. Perry, of Williams College; Samuel, b. Oct. 16, 1791 ; William, 
b. Dec. 11, 1794. Reuben Perry's will, Apr. 13, 1808, mentions wife and 
W.-I-9. 



I30 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

children — Mattht-w. Xathaniel, Luke. John, Samuel, Hettw Polly and 
Lydia, 

Gray, John- (John'l. h. KOO. died in Pelhani, l',]U; married Isabel 

and" had here: Daniel, 1). Mav 1-i. Kv;8: Caj)!. Isaac, b. Mar. 

19. 17-.>!.»-:J0. served in Rev.: |ohn. 1). ]ulv l;?. i::iv': Klizabetli, b. lune 

2,ir.u. 

Gray. James- (son of John' or Matthew'), had here by wife Eliza- 
beth: Jonas, b, Ajiril'S, ]',:'r-i: Catherine, b. .\pr. 14, K34: Hannah, b. 
Jan. 9. n.'3.j-(i; Elizabeth, 1). Xov. 11, l;:!^. James Gray bought land 
liere of Thomas Haggett. Dec. T, 1T"^0. 

Green. — Thomas' Green, b. in Eng. about lt;()(i. is believed to be the 
father of Thomas Green, whose name apjiears on the list of the ship 
Planter that sailed Apr. 2, lG;i5, from Eng. The same name and age, 15 
years, apjjear on the list of the ship Hopewell that sailed the next day. 
This double entry of ])assengers is found often, on account of shifting 
certain j)assengers at the time of sailing. This Thomas Green, aged 
13 yrs., came from St. Albans, Herts. Thomas Green, Sr., was living 
at Lady Moody's farm, Lynn, as early as 16-tl>: was in ^lalden in 1649 
and later owned a farm of 63 acres in the north part of that town ; in 
16."iS he was selectman. His first wife Elizalieth d. -Aug. 'i'2. IGoS. He 
m. {2) Sept. 5, 1659. Frances Cook, b. KiOS, m. (1) Isaac Wheeler: (2) 
Richard Cook, who d. Oct. 14, 1658, and had children by lioth, but none 
l)y her third husl)and. Green, d. Dec. 19, 1667. His will, Nov. 12, 1667, 
jjroved Jan. 15. 16()7-S. mentions five sons, five daughters and his wife. 
His homestead was in what is now Melrose and Wakefield. 

Green. Thomas- (Thomas'), b. in Eng. proljably in 1620; m. 1653, 
Rebecca Hills, dau. of Jos. : settled in Maiden where he d. Feb. 13, 
1671-2. His will ^\■as jn'oved .Apr. 2. 1672: his widow lvei)ceca, d. June 

6, 1674. 

Green. Capt. Samuel' (Thomas-, Thomas'), b. Oct. 5. 1670; settled 
in Leicester in 1717. He was on the committee to settle the town, 
17 13-4, and had three lots of forty acres, and two of thirty each. The 
vicinity of his home has since been known as Greenville. He built a 
house, gristmill and sawmill. He was moderator of the first town meet- 
ing, one of the first selectman : captain at ^lalden and also commanded 
the Leicester company. He m. Elizabeth L'pham. dau. of Lt. Phinehas, 
who settled in \\"orcester in .\])ril, 1675, and was mortally wounded in 
the K. P. War. Ca])t. Green, d. Jan. 2, 1735-6. His will dated at Mai- 
den. .•\])r. is. 17 i;. was proved Feb. 5, 1735-(). His wife d. in 1761. 

Green. Dr. Thomas'* (Capt. SamueT', Thos.-, Thos.'), b. in Maiden 
1699, m. Jan. 2. 1725-6, Martha Lynde, dau. of Capt. John and Judith. He 
began the stud\- of medicine, it is said, under the instructicMi of two ship- 
surgeons, who were sheltered for a time l)y his father in Leicester. He 
learned much from the Indians about the use of herbs. He became a 
very busv and jiojjular physician, his practice widely extended even to 
1\. 1. and Conn. It is said that during his life he taught 12-3 medical stu- 
dents. He was the most prominent doctor of this section, if not of the 
province, and his son, grandson and great-grandson, each named John 
Green, were in turn the most distinguished physicians of the county, 
while Dr. ]ohn of the next generation became the foremost eye sur- 
geon in the Mississippi valley, and his son Dr. John is now a highly 
successful physician and surgeon in St. Louis. 

Dr. Thomas Green joined the First Baptist Church of Boston. Nov. 

7, 1731, and was in 1735 one of the founders of the Sutton Baptist Church. 



AXD ITS PEOPLE 



131 











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A.XROX HANCROIT. 



Knowlton Hiiuse. site of the State Anno 




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■%, f 




Joseph Allen House, corner Pearl and Main 

Streets, ninved to corner Myrtle and 

Main, site of the Post Office. 



•0!/' 



H M ¥' 






.Vote — The little building ne.xt to Court 
H(juse. the ot'ffce and countiufi-rnom of 
Isaiah Thomas, moved to nearly opposite 
Rural Cemetery entrance, a French roof 
^tory .idded and made into a dwelling. 



132 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

In 173? he was ordained one of the two pastors of the Sutton Church. 
A year later he was one of the founders of the Leicester Baptist Church, 
and became its lirst pastor, continuing nearly '■\-) years, baptizing more 
than a thousand persons. He was widely known as Elder Green. (See 
p. 23, Vol. I. Gen. and Pers. Memoirs of Worcester County). He d. 
Aug. 19, 1773; his wife Martha d. June 20, 1780; both buried in Rural 
Cemetery, Worcester. His estate, appraised at £4,495 was the largest 
ever administered up to that time in the county. 

Dr. Green bought the Green Hill estate, Worcester, May "28, 1754. 
of Thomas Adams for £330, and his son |ohn went to live there abovit 
1757. 

Green, Dr. John'' (Dr. Thos,^, Capt. Samuel-*, Thos.-, Thos.'). b. in 
Leicester, Aug. 14, 1736; m. (1) Mary Osgood of Wor. in 1757. She 
was b. Aug. 31, 1740, d. Sept. 5, 1761. He m. (2) Mary Ruggles, dau. of 
Brig. Gen. Timothy Ruggles of Sandwich and Hardwick. She d. June 
16, 1814, aged 74 yrs. Dr. Green studied under his father and began 
practice here soon after he came of age, building a house on Green Hill. 
He also instructed many medical students, as well as attending to a large 
practice. He had an office on Main street. In 1773 he was a member 
of the American Political Society and was a leading Whig. In 1777 he 
was representative; in 1778-9, town treasurer; 1780, selectman. I'r. 
Green d. here, Oct. 29, 1799. All his children were born on Green Hill. 
Children by first wife : John, b. April, 1758 ; d. Sept. 20, 1761. 2. Mary, 
b. Nov. 27, 1759; d. Feb. 15, 1759-60. 3. Thomas, b. Jan. 3, 1761; m. 
Oct. 8, 1782, Salome Barstow of Sutton. 4. John, b. Mar. 18, 1763. 5. Tim- 
othy, b. Jan. 9, 1765; m. Mary Martin of Providence, R. I. (B. U. 1786) 
studied law under Levi Lincoln Sr. and jjracticed here two yrs., remo\ing 
then to N. Y. City where he dealt in real estate ; lost at sea in 1812 when 
returning from a southern visit. 6. Samuel, b. May 10, 1767, m. Widow 

Tillinghast; (2) Waring. 7. Elijah Dix, b. July 4, 1769, (Brown 

1792) physician at Charlestown, S. C. ; d. Sept. 21, 1795, unm. 8. Mary, 
b. April 30, 1772; d. at the home of her brother in Columbia, S. C, Sept. 
24, 1824, unm. 9. Elizabeth, b. July 31,1774; d. at Green Hill, Feb. 3, 
1854, unm. 10. William Elijah, b. Jan. 31, 1777. 11. Meltiah, b. July 
28, 17 79, d. of yellow fever at St. Bartholomew, W. I., a resident of 
Jamaica; never married. 12. Bourne, b. Dec. 15, 1781; d. unm., Aug., 
1806, at sea. 13. Isaac, b. Sept. 4, 1784, d. Sept. 9, 1807, a sophomore in 
Columbia College. 

Green, Dr. John" (Dr. John'*, Dr. Thos.-", Capt. SamueP, Thos.-, 
Thos.'), b. here Mar. 18, 1763; studied medicine under his father and 
began to practice when 18 years old. He was especially skillful as a 
surgeon. He had many students. At first he lived in the office building 
on Main street, but later built a house south of it. He was tall, strong, 
and of attractive personality. "To be distinguished as a physician was 
not his chief incentive.- To assuage the sufferings of humanity by his 
skill was the higher motive of his benevolent mind. Every duty was 
performed with a delicacy and tenderness. He attained to a preeminent 
rank among the physicians and surgeons of our country," He d. Aug. 
11, 1808, after practicing 27 years, during the last nine of which he was 
practically the only doctor in town. The Spy reported that "to his 
funeral came the largest concourse of people from this and neighboring 
towns ever known to be collected here on a similar occasion." 

He m. Nancy Barber, granddau. of Robert of Northville in this town 
(near Barber's Crossing, named for this family). Children, b. here: 1. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 133 

Jolm, b. April 19, n84, 111. Dolly Curtis. 2. Eunice, h. Apr. 29, llSG, m. 
Leonard Rurhank and had four children — John Green Burbank, graduate 
of West Point, killed in the Battle of Molino del Pey ; Ann Elizabeth 
Burbank. ni. Joseph (lardner of I'^itchburg; George G. Burbank; James 
Leonard Burbank. ni. I'ersis S. Wood of Grafton. ;5. Mary, b. March 
14. n.SS; d. Sept. IG. ISK. unni. I. Nancy, b. Aug. 28, 1790, m. Dr. Benj. 
F. Hevwood (([. V. ). ."). Samuel, b. Mar. 21, 1792, d. Aug. 24, 179G. 6. Sarah, 
b. Aug, 22, 1794; d. Aug. 2;i, 179G. 7. Samuel B., b. Apr. 11, 1797; d. 
July 20. 1822. 8. Frederick William, b. Jan. 19, 1800; settled in Colum- 
bia. S. C. ; m. Sarah Briggs of that town and had 13 children. 9. James, 
b. Dec. 2:i, 1802; m. EHzabeth Swett. 10. Meltiah Bourne, b. July 16, 
180(;: m. Mary Stone \\';ird. 11. Elizabeth R., b. Sept. 20, 1808; also 
m. l)r. B. F. Heywood. 

Green. William Elijah'' (Dr. John''. Dr. Thos.\ Capt. Samuel-'', 
Thos.-. Thos.M. b. at Green Hill. Jan. '.U. 177:; d. there July 
27. 181)."); grad. at Brown in 1798; succeeded to the Green Hill estate, 
tlun c()m])rising 200 acres; studied law under Judge Edw. Bangs with 
whom he was associated in practice and later with Edward Bangs Jr. 
He was one of the charter members of the First Baptist Church, but 
later in life became a Unitarian. He was a pioneer in the temperance 
movement. For man}' years he was captain of the Worcester Light 
Infantry, a volunteer in the War of 1812. He was one of the foremost 
promoters of the Blackstone canal. He was affable, genial and popular. 
In later years he retired from the law and devoted his time to the Green 
Hill farm. He d. July 27, 186."). iji the same room in which lie was 
born. He m. (1) Abigail Nelson, dan. of Josiah of Milford; (2) Lucy 
Merriam. dan. of Dea. Joseph of Grafton; {'■'>) Julia Plympton, dau. of 
Oliver of .Sturliridge ; (4) Elizabeth D. Collins, a widow. Children: 1. 
William Nelson, b. at .Milford. Feb. 2;J. 1804. 2. Lucy Merriam. b. at 
Grafton. Nov. 12. 1810. joint owner with her sister of a young ladies' 
school, N. Y. City; d. May 8, 189;5. in Wor. o. Mary Ruggles. b. June 
29. 1814. m. Carl W. Knudson. b. in Denmark. 1818; d. in So. Norwalk. 
Ct., Feb. 2:. 1894; she was joint owner with her sister Lucy M. of the 
young ladies' school. No. 1 Fifth Ave.. N. Y. City; d. Mar. 17. 1894. 4. 
Julia Elizalieth, b. in W'or.. Feb. 2. 1816; d. unm.. Aug. 5. 1880. b. 
Lydia Plympton, b. Aug. 4, 1817; d. Aug. 27. 1818. 6. John Plymjiton, 
b. Jan. 19, 1819, physician : practiced in N. Y. and li\-ed in China and So. 
America. 7. Andrew Haswell, b. Oct. (i. 1820. 8. .Samuel Fiske, b. Oct. 

10, 1822, physician and missionary in Ceylon. 9. Lydia Plympton, b. 
Mar. 18. 1824; d. at Green Hill. Sept. 7. 1869. unm. 'lO. Oliver Bourne. 
b. Jan. 1. 1836; m. Aug. 28. 185.5. Louisa Pomerov of .Stanstead. Canada. 

11. Martin, b. April 24. 1828. 

Green. Dr. John" (John". John'. Tlu)mas*. .Samuel'. Thos.-'. Thos.M, 
b. here April 19, 1784. grad. of Brown. 1.S04; beg;in to practice medicine 
here in 1807. having studied under his father. For half a century he was 
the acknowledged leader of his profession in this section, a student and 
scholar, gentle and symjiathetic with patients, esjiecially with the women 
and children. It is generally agreed that he was the greatest of the 
three physicians of this name who ministered to the people of the town 
for 98 years. He was the last of four generations who served this com- 
munity for 135 years without a break. He received the degree of M. 
D. from Harvard in 1815 and from Brown in 1826. He was treasurer of 
the District Medical Society three years; vice-j)residcnt. five years and 
president seven; vice-president of the American Medical Association in 



134 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

]8.j4: first president of the Worcester County Horticultural Society; 
councillor of the American Antiquarian Society ; member of the Wor- 
cester Natural History Society. He retired on account of age and failing 
health about 185.5. He d. here Oct. IT, 1865. 

He is destined to l)e kncnvn longer and lietter than his father or 
grandfather on acc(junt of his public benefaction, as founder of the 
Free Public Library. He collected books assiduously for many years 
and in 1859 gave his very valuable lil)rary to the city, adding afterward 
to his gift, and leaving in his will a fund of $:55,0()0 for the use of the 
library. The reference department is called in his honor the Green 
Librarj-. He m. Dolly Curtis, dau. of David and aunt of George William 
Curtis, the author. They had no children. 

Green, James" (John''. John"', ThomasS Sanutel\ Thos.-, Thos.\), b. 
here Dec. 23, 1802. On account of the death of his father, his schooling 
was brief, and he went to work at the age of 12 yrs. He m. May 1, 1833, 
Elizabeth Swett, dau. of Samuel of Boston and Dedham, a merchant in 
foreign trade. She d. Ma\- '. IHOI. He d. at his home here on Harvard 
St., June 10, 1874. Children, b. here: 1. James, b. Feb. 15, 1834, d. Feb. 
17, 1834. 2. John. b. .\pril 2, l.s:!5, (H. C. 1855; M. D. Harvard): an 
eminent opthalmologist in St. Louis. Mo. 3. Samuel Sweet, b. Feb. 20, 
1837. 4. Elizabeth Sprague. b. Apv. ]'■>. 1839; d. at St. Louis, Jan. 
9, 1870. 5. James, b. March 2, 1841, (.\. B. 1862, Harvard; LL.B. 1864). 

Greene, Meltiah Bourne' ( |ohn'', [ohn'', Thomas*, Samuel', Thos.-, 
Thos.'), b. here July 16, 1806 :'d. here May 24, 1888; m. Mary Stone 
AVard, dau. of .\rtemas of this town: she d here Jan. 7, 1896. Children, 
b. here: Meltiah, b. .Aug. 27, 1838, d .Vug. 29. 1838; Mary Caroline, b. 
Dec. 13, 1839, d. Aug. 12. 18K): Meltiah Bourne, b. Jan. 3, 1843: d. at 
Geneva, Switzerland, Dec. 27, 187 7. 

Green. William Nelson' ( William E.", John^, Thomas*, SamueP, 
Thos,-, Thos,'). 1>. at Milfcjrd. Feb. 23, 1804". He studied law in the 
office of Samuel Al. Hurnside in this town and began to practice in 1827; 
from 18:53 to 1836 he was editor of the National Aegis of this town. He 
taught school also for a time. He will be remembered best for his ser- 
vice as first judge of the city court. He was not onh' the first but the 
last judge of the city police court. When he retired after serving from 
1848 to 1868, the police court was superseded bv the municipal court. 
He d. Dec. 6, 1870. He m. Feb. 23, 1839, Sarah Munroe (Ball) Staples. 
Children, b. here: 1. William Nelson, b. Jan. 10, 1843, enlisted in the 
25th Mass. regt. in the Civil War; promoted for gallantry in the Bat- 
tle of Roanoke: made 2d lieut. in the 102d N. Y. Regt.: was in the Bat- 
tle of Cedar Mountain, taken prisoner and confined at Lihjjy: commis- 
sioned lieut. -col. in 17 3d N. Y. Regt.; shot at Pleasant Hill, La., in 
action ; d. from the wound. May 13. 1864. 2. Timothy Ruggles, b. June 
2'i, 1844, now living in Wor. 

Green, .Andrew HaswelF ( Wm. E.'', John"', Thomas*, SamueP, Thos.-, 
Thos.'), b. here Oct. 6, 1820. He is known throughout the country as 
the "Father of Greater New York." He attended the old Thomas St. 
school, leaving when fifteen to go to work in New York as clerk for 
Hinsdale & Atkins: later was clerk for Lee, Savage & Co., wholesale 
cloth merchants and im]:)orters. This firm failed. He was afterward 
with Wood, Johnson it Barritt, linen importers. N. Y., and afterward 
with Simeon Draper. .At the age of 21. he went to Trinidad and spent 
a vear on the sugar plantation of Mr. P.urnley. a friend of the family. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 13 = 



Returning tu X. V. lit- studied law in the office of lohn W. ^[itchell and 
began to practice in the office of Gov. Samuel J- Tilden. 

He was elected trustee of schools from the fourth ward, was later 
school coniniissioner and nieniher of the hoard of education. (_>f which he 
was president in is."i."i. In is.".; he was appointed commissioner of 
Central Park and became treasurer. ])resident and executive officer of 
the board of commissioners, and for ten years was comptroller of the 
park, having complete supervision of the engineers, landscape archi- 
tects, gardeners and laborers, amounting at times to ;3,00() men. The 
office of com])troller was created for Mr. Green to give control to one 
competent head. He resigned in 18Ti during the Tweed regime, though 
he was legislated out of office as comptroller a year before. Init had 
been retained on the commission. Credit for the wonderful beauty and 
attractiveness of the ]>ark is due almost wholly tn him. He was presi- 
dent of the \iagara commission and of the .\nierican .Scenic and His- 
toric F'reser\ation Society. .\s early as bSfi.") he liegan to agitate the 
enlargement of Xew York Cit\' and in 18T:! important anne.xations were 
made. He was chairman of the committee to draft the charter for 
Greater Xew York in ISDti: the new city was established Jan. 1. bS!(.S, 
and in May of that year Mr. Green appeared liefore the legislature to 
receive formal congratulations for his services. .\ medal was gi\en hiiu 
to commemorate the e\ent. 

He was one of the executors of Samuel J. Tilden. his law partner, 
and one of the original trustees in charge of the Tilden bequest for a 
public library. It was his idea to consolidate the .Astor. Leno.x and Til- 
den foundations in the formation of the Xew York public library. The 
present magnificent public library of Xew York is another monument to 
his great civic ser\-ice. 

He was comptroller of Xew York during the e.xi)Osure of the Tweed 
ring, resigning after h\e \ears to serve as e.xecutor of the will of Wil- 
liam B. Ogden. He was one of the original trustees of the Xew ^'ork 
and Brooklyn bridge and he was appointed commissioner in ISitO to build 
the railroad bridge across the Hudson River. He was a delegate to 
the state constitutional convention in 1S!)4. He was a member of the X. 
Y. Historical Society: the X. Y. Gen. and Biog. Society, the American 
Antitjuarian Society. In politics he was a Democrat, but a Protection- 
ist. He was killed Xov. 13. lilO.'i, by a crazy man. as he was entering his 
home in Xew York. He never married. 

He owned the Green Hill estate and added Ui it large tracts. He 
enlarged the mansion b}- cutting it in two, and building between the 
sections a handsome addition. This estate was sold to the cit\ a few 
years later at a nominal figure and is now one of the most useful and 
attractive of its jjublic parks. The Green Hill Book, kept here as long 
as the estate was in the famil}-. originated Se]Jt. 15. 18()1, when the ten 
children of William E. Green met together for the first time since their 
childhood, coming from all ]jarts of the world. The book contains 
interesting group photographs, an account of the reunion and froiu that 
time, an account of various members of the family clippings of news- 
papers containing articles about members of the famih' and man\" [)ho- 
tographs of later years. 

At the time of his death. Mayor Seth Low said of him; "It may 
truthfully be said that to no one man whcj has labored in and for the city 
during the last fifty years is the city under greater and more lasting 
obligations than to Andrew H. Green. The citv itself, in some of its 



136 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

most beautiful and enduring features is the monument of his love ; and 
the city may well cherish his honored name with the undying gratitude 
that is due to a citizen who has made it both a greater and better city 
than it was." 

Green, Martin', brother of Andrew HaswelF, w'as b. here April 24, 
1828, d. here Aug. 1, 191T. He attended the old school at the corner 
of Summer and Thomas Street and the Little Blue Seminary at Farm- 
ington, Me. Under the instruction of his brother Oliver, he became a 
civil engineer during the construction of the Hudson River Railroad. 
When the survey was completed to Greenbush, N. Y., he went to work 
on the Worcester & Nashua Railroad and afterward for the Pennsyl- 
vania Coal Company for three years. He then became division engineer 
of the New York & Harlem Railroad and was in charge of construction 
of the line from Millerton to Copake. He then became chief engineer of 
the Lebanon Springs Railroad, afterward holding the same position for 
the Mississippi Central Railroad, and when that road was completed he 
was offered a salary of $20,000 to remain. This was a very important 
work and is a monument to his engineering skill. He was at the throttle 
of the first locomotive ever run in the state of Mississippi. 

His next work was to plan a tunnel under the Chicago River and had 
the work well under way when he resigned to open an office as con- 
tractor and dredger, receiving important contracts for dredging Chicago 
River from the lake to Ruth Street bridge. He also improved the north 
branch of the river as far as Ward's rolling mill and the south branch 
for 13 miles. In 1867 he sold his business, went to Peshtigo, Wis., and 
for three years was busy erecting sawmills and other building for the 
lumber company, which was owned principally by William B. Ogden. 
He built the ship canal at Benton Harbor, Mich., giving access to steam- 
ers to the heart of the peach district. He himself owned a line of steam- 
boats that took 40,000 baskets of peaches a day to the market during the 
season. He also built and owned sawmills and gristmills at Benton 
Harbor. 

At the time of the Chicago fire he was in business there, and after 
that disaster he overworked and broke down. He returned to Worcester 
in 1872 and since then has made his home here. He lived on Green Hill 
and brought the estate to its present state of development and beauty, 
making his home there until 1905. He was a member of the Central 
Congregational Church. He served three years on the Worcester Park 
Commission and for about three years was trustee of the State Asylum 
at Westborough. 

He m. Dec. 26, 1859, Mary Frances Stewart of New York, b. Dec. 

25, 1821, d. April 20, 1905, He m. (2) . Children by first wife: 

William Ogden, b. at Chicago, Sept. 2G, 1860; Samuel Martin, b. at 
Benton Harbor, Apr. 13, 1864. 

Green, Thomas (ancestry not traced) came to Worcester before 
1737 and by wife Elizabeth had here: Elizabeth, b. Jan. 13, 1737; Eliz- 
abeth, b. Feb. 16, 1746-7; William, b. Dec. 15, 1747-8; Hannah, b. Oct. 
13, 1750; Mary, b. June 17, 1753; Caleb, b. .'^ug. 9, 1755; Esther, b. July 
22, 1757; Azubah,"b. Sept. 17, 1759; Lvdia. b. Mar. 11, 1763; John, b. 
Jan. 21, 1765. 

Green, Timothy (ancestry not traced) had here bv wife Dorothv : 
Elizabeth, bapt. July 5, 1747; Phebe, bapt. Dec. 24, 1749. 

Griggs. — Griggs, William'' (John*, James^, John-, Thomas'), was b. 
Aug. 16. 1752. at Dedham ; he served in the Revolution; came here with 



AND ITS P HOP LI- 



137 




THADDEUS CHAPIX HOUSl', \EAR AUBL'K.V, 
Last liduse i.f William Tr.uvi.ridKe. 




TURXER HDUSE. WINTER lill.L. 
Built by sou-iu-law ui" Alexandt-r McCoiikey. who hiiilt (iofldard House, 




MATTHEW CRAY'S HOL'SE, ON (iRAFTON ROAD. 
f'ri>halily htult about 1730, 



1^8 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

his brother Gideon who m. Patty Stearns here. Feb. 10. 1TT8. He Hved 
in the Gore; bought land there of Isaac I^ierce of Sutton. May 20, 1773. 
WiUiam. m, Mav 2'.i, 1TT4. at Wor. Katherine Stearns. Children, b. here : 
William, b. Dec. 23, 1774; Hitte, b. Sept. 29, 177(5: Isaac, b. Mar. 19, 
1779; Katy, b. Sept. 26, 1779; Charles, b. Aug. 4, 1781; Anna. 1). fune 
13, 1783; Betsey, b. Oct. 19, 1785; Gideon, b. Dec. 10, 1787. 

Griggs, John, also of the Dedham family, came here in 1767 with 
children Mehitable, William, Gideon and Anna. When his son .Samuel 
died, he asked the court to appoint his son David admr. May 5, 1791; 
David was appointed May 31, 1791. John died in 1799 and David was 
also his admr. appointed Aug. 28, 1799. His sons, Gideon and .Samuel 
Griggs were soldiers in the Revolution. 

Grout. — Capt. John' Grout, b. in Eng., settled in Watertown about 
1640. In 1662 he was granted leave to practice as a surgeon. A few 
years later he settled in Sudbury where for 30 years he was selectman ; 
for forty years he commanded the trainband there. He ni. (1) Mary 
; (2) Sarah (Busbv) Cakebread, widow of Thomas Cakebread. 

Grout, Jonathan- (John'), b. 1658. m. .\bigail Dix. 

Grout, Jonathan' (Jonathan-, John'), b. Feb. 9, 1702, m. June 6. 
1743; removed from Sudbury to Worcester with wife and child in 1744. 
His farm was on what is now X'ernon St. He died in 1748. His widow 
and children divided the estate, June 25, 1770; wife Hannah; children — 
Jonathan, .Silence and Priscilla. Children, b. here: Jonathan: .Silence. 
Nov. 8, 1745, m. Josiah Gates; Priscilla. b. Aug. l:!. 1747. 

Grout, Capt. Jonathan* (Jonathan', Jonathan-. J(jhn'), I). June 2, 
1744. He rendered valualjle service in the Revolution. He m. Mar. 2, 
1769, .\nna Harrington, who d. .Aug. 25, 182 7. He d. Oct. 27. 1828. His 
will was filed Oct. 30. 1828, bequeathing to wife .Anna and children, 
Francis (exr.). Prudence Maynard, Jonathan and Hannah. Children, 
b. here: lohn, bapt. Mav 26, 1765; Prudence, b. Feb. 19, 1770; Jona- 
than, b. Feb. 14, 1772; Anna, b. Sept. 16. 1774: Francis, b. Oct. 20, 1777; 
Hannah, b. May 7. 1781. 

Grout, Capt. Francis'' (Jonathan*. Jonathan'. Jonathan-', John'), b. 
Oct. 20, 1777, d. Oct. 31, 1864; was a farmer on the homestead here. He 
was sergeant of a company in the First Regiment in 1804. ensign 1809; 
lieut. 1810; captain, 1811. He m. Annah Davis of Templeton. Chil- 
dren: Julia Annah, b. May 3, 1813; Sarah Whitney, b. May 28, 1818; 
Jonathan Davis, b. March 4, 1820. 

Grout, Jonathan Davis" (Francis^, Jonathan', Jonathan', Jonathan-, 
John'), b. March 4, 1820, at Wor..; m. 1850 Adaline S. Washburn. Chil- 
dren: Francis W.. b. 1851, lived on the homestead; was alderman. 
1891 to 1894: Charles Henry, b. 1854. a music teacher here. 

Grout, "Master" Jonathan'' (Jonathan*, Jonathan'. Jonathan-. John'), 
b. Feb. 14, 1772; learned the trade of book-binder: liecame a dealer in 
books and stationery, Millbury, and author of text-l)ooks ; m. Sally De 
Wolfe of Lyme, Ct. 

Grout. Jonathan" (Jonathan'', Jonathan*, Jonathan-', Jonathan-, 
John'), b. Sept. 24, 1815; became a prosperous and jnjpular book-seller 
in this city ; owned (irout's Block. He came from Millbury in 1841 and 
started in business in a modest way. In 1852 he sold his store to John 
Keith, but it reverted to him again. In 1876 he sold to Putnam & Davis. 
He died April 4, 1882. He manufactured copying presses, perforated 
paper and other stationery, and was financial backer of Russel L. Hawes, 
inventor of envelope machinery. He was a man of great energy and 



AND ITS PEOPLE 139 

business ability. He built various Inisiness blocks in the city. He was 
a lover of art, of nature and good literature, and took much pleasure 
in horticulture. He was first a Whig, later a Republican. He m. Mary 
J. Smith. Children: 1. Charles Edwin, d. y. ■.'. Ellen Mandeville, b. 
Princeton. 1,S40. m. Oct., ISij-^, George H. Gould D. 1)., pastor of Pied- 
mont Church, who d. May 8, 18!)9; Ci) Rev. William S. Smith; Mrs. 
Smith was educated at the Oread Collegiate Institute in this city : she 
was a student of conchology and marie ;i wrmderful collection of shells; 
she traveled extensively, -'i. John William. I), julv ■.'•">. 1S4:!. 4. Mary 
Elizabeth, m. Hiram R. .\dams. 

Grout, Lieut. John W." (Jonathan", Jonathair'. Jonathan^ Jonathan', 
Jonathan-, John'), b. here July 25, LS4:i. He v\as a student in the High- 
land Military Academy before the Civil War. and when the Fifteenth 
Regiment was formed he was commissioned second lieutenant of Co. U. 
At the Rattle of Ball's Rlufif he fought gallantly; was shot while swim- 
ming the river and lost his life in the Potomac. The entire city mourned 
his loss. 

Grout, Thomas, doubtless of this family, was in Worcester l)efore 
17()2. B\- wife Al)igail who died here May l.s. G(18, he had here: ]on- 
athan, b. June 2, 17(i2; John, b. March 14. 1 ;<;.">. He probabh" left town 
soon afterward. 

Haggett. — Thomas Haggett was one of the permanent settlers of 
this town. He sold land here to Jonas Clark of Boston, March 'I'i. 1T".'4, 
and the deed was signed by his wife Lvdia ; he sold land to John Weeks 
of Marlborough, May 4, 1:28. and to James Gray of W(jr., i)ec. 7. 1728. 
The Haggetts were early at Bradford and Ando\er. and later in Brook- 
field. The family left tliis town early. 

Hair. — Hair or Hare is an English -surname. Edw;ird Hair came 

here as early as i;.")4. with wife Tabitha ; m. ( "i ) Mar\' al)out 

IT.Jl. and died about G-'il'. He may ha\e been .Scotch-Irish. He ser\-ed 
in the French and Indian War and was a prisoner at Oswego. Chil- 
dren, b. here, by first wife: Sarah, 1). Ma\' <i. K-'jd. m. Mar. ".'7, 17 7.'). 
Thomas Knight. P.\- second wife: Edwanl. b. .\ug. lii, \',:ri, d. ( )ct. 18. 
1807, at Wo'r. ; John. bapt. July 27, 17.").".. 

Hair. John- (Edward' ), bap. here July 2 7.1 ;."i-"i ; m. Xow 2(i. \\'.',. Eliza- 
beth Bigelow at ^^'or. He was tifer of L'apt. Timoth\' Bigelow's co. 
April 10, 177-"i, and ser\ed through the war. His brother Edward was a 
sergeant. He died here Fel). 20. bsl.?. and was a pensioner of the Rev- 
olution. He seems to ha\-e lived also at Xo. Brookfield and CharlttJii. 
His daughter Sallv was b. here in 1771i. .A fohn Hair ni. here ."^ept. 
IS, 1798, Abiah Crosby. 

Hall. — Thomas' Hall, one of the earl_\- settlers and i)re'priet<jrs 
deeded his land. March ;30. GUI. to Palmer Goulding of .Sudburw calling 
himself "late of Worcester." He seems n.jt to luue returned to this 
town. 

Hamilton. — X'arious Hamiltons came to \\ orcester and \-icinit\- with 
the Scotch-Irish ]iioneers. James Hamilton settled in Worcester and 
died here in 1731"). His will was dated Ajn-il •"). i;;!."i. .Samuel Calhoun, 
executor, bequeathing to wife Rebecca and daughter Priscilla. 1 ?) son 
Thomas and his three children ; and brother John Hamilton. He deeded 
land here to Thomas Hamilton, Mar. o. 1730-1. 

Hamilton. James (James), b. about 172."). His first wife Margaret 
d. here Feb. 14. 17(31, in her 3.")th yr. He m. (2) Aug. 10. 17<>1. Margaret 
Mahan. He died about 17 78. Children b\- first wife. i). here: Tohn. 



I40 HISTORY or WORCESTER 

\n\.\)t. June ii(i, 1^4.s: Moses, bapt. Aug. "^G. lloO, (soldier in the Rev.); 
Samuel, bapt. Mar. 29, 175'.^ ; Jane, bapt. Nov. 2.3. 1T5;5, ni. Nov. 11. 
ITTD, John Gamble of Northborough ; John. bapt. Apr. 10, HoT ; Samuel, 
bapt. Feb. 11, 1759. (served in the Rev.). By second wife: Margaret, 
bapt. July 4, 17()2; William, I)apt. April 1. 17G4, (served in the Rev.): 
Hannah, bapt. May 24, 1767. 

Hamilton, John^ (brother of James'), m. Feb. 7, 111 1. in .\l:irshfield. 
Mary Simonton. He was mentioned in his brother's will and ])robably 
left town soon after his marriage ; no children are recorded here. 

Hamilton. John- (James-, James'), bapt. June 26, 1748: m. here 
Jan. 27, 1779, Katherine Quigley. He was guardian of his younger 
brother Samuel. April 2. 17 78. Children recorded here: Mary, bapt. 
Dec. 24, 1780; Moses, bapt. Aug. 4, 1782: child, bapt. April 16, 178G. 

Hamilton, Michael-, son or nephew of James', m. (1) Rebecca 

, and (2) Margaret Gray, Oct. 20, 1785, in Barre, whither he 

removed. But one child was recorded here, Arthur, bapt. Jan. 31, 1747- 
8. Michael's will, dated Nov. 8. 1790, at Barre, bequeaths to Margaret 
his wife and the following children — James, Margaret, ()liver. Robert, 
John, Arthur, Martha Perry. Rebecca. Benjamin, and the children of a 
deceased daughter. Mary Carruth. 

See also biography of (^'harles A. Hamilton. 

Hancock. — Thomas Hancock, merchant, of Boston, owned a large 
tract of land in Worcester. The real estate records show that he was 
grantee in sixteen deeds to land in various towns in the county between 
1737 and K67. There is on record also a power of attorney (B. 32, p. 
443) in which he is one of three attorneys a])j>ointed by Lady Su^an 
Warren, widow of Sir Peter (England). 

There is no evidence that Thomas or his nephew (iov. John Hancock 
who inherited the Worcester mansion and estate lived here. Thomas 
died in 17G4. The estate was purchased in 1781 by (jov. Levi Lincoln, 
comprising then l.JO acres and Gov. Lincoln lived there for nearly thirty 
years. The house was a little to the south of the "Oaks" on Lincoln 
street. At last accounts, it was standing on the south corner of Grove 
and Lexington streets, whither it was removed in 1846. Some of the 
Hancock furniture may be seen in the American .-Xntitiuarian Hall. 

Hannah. — Robert Hannah of Scituate bought land here of E])hraim 
Roper and James Camjibell. July 2. 1728. He was ]jresumal>ly Scotch- 
Irish. Nothing further is known of him in this section. 

Hapgood. — Nathaniel Hapgood of Stow, descendant of .Shadrach' 
Hapgood, a colonial pioneer, botight land here Feb. 6, 1719-20. of Isaac 
Miller. 

Hardy. — Peter Hardy (ancestry not traced) had a daughter Jemima, 
born at Ward, recorded in Worcester. 1). Mav 2. 1779. He ser\ed in the 
Rev. 

Harper. — Moses Harjjer was living here Jan. IG. 17()1. when he and 
William Mahan bought land of James Dickson of Lyme. ("t. Nothing 
further is known of him. 

Harrington. — Robert' Harrington, b. in Eng. 1616, came in the 
shi]) Elizabeth, sailing .'Xpril 10, 1634, and settled at Watertown ; m. Oct. 
1, 1648, Susanna George, dau. of John. He d. Mav 11, 1707. 

Harrington, Edward- (Robert'), b. Mar. 2, 1668-9; m. (1) Mary 
Ockington : (2) May 24, 1727, Anna Bullard, widow of Jonathan of 
W^eston. He was selectman of Watertowli. 1716-30-31. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 141 

Harrington, Satnuel' (Edward-, Robert'), h. Aug. 3, 1704, m. Oct. 
i;», \'i'i'>, Sarah Warren: lived in Waltham. 

Harrington, Samuel* (Samuel'. Edward". Robert'), baj)!. at Wal- 
tham. Ma}- ]!». 1728; was of Wor. in 177(), perhaps earlier. Children: 
Samuel, 1). i;.")4: Hannah, b. IT.JT, m. Daniel Maynard, res. at Shrews- 
bury. Noah, b. Feb. 2. ITGO, m. Lois Kingsley. 

Harrington, Samuel'' (Samuel*, Samuel', Edw.-, Robt.*), b. 1754; d. 
Mar. 2~;. 1838; m. Nov. 19, 1782, Silence Robinson of Dorchester, where 
all their children but one were born. He was in Capt. Timothy Bige- 
low's company on the Lexington alarm, April 19, 1775, later a private in 
Capt. Thos. \Vhipple's co. in 1778. He came to Wor. about 1796. Chil- 
dren: .Susanna, b. Feb. 12, 1783, m. Oct. 31, 1802, .Abel Flagg; Sam- 
uel, b. Oct. 3, 1784, m. Apr. 23, 1812, Nancv White; Lucretia, b. Aug. 21, 
178(), m. Dec. 25, 1800. John Baird ; James, b. June 23, 1788, m. Apr. 25, 
1821, Esther Flagg: Sarah, b. April 12, 1790, m. (1) John Gleason, (2) 
Peter White; Ebenezer, b. Sept. 22, 1792; Mary. b. Aug. 24, 1794, m. 
Samuel Perry ;' Austin, b. Sept. 1, 1796. 

Harrington, Noah' ( SamueP, Samuel', Edw.-. Robert'), b. Feb. 2, 
1760, d. July 18, 1832. He was matross in Capt. Timothy Craft's regt. 
of artillery, Feb. 1, to May 8, 1776; and had other service. He m. 
July 27, 1784, Lois Kingsley, dau. of Enoch. She was b. Sept. 12, 1760, 
and d. Oct. 11, 1820. They came from Shrewsbury to Worcester about 
1792 and lived on the Grafton road near where the railroad now passes. 
He and his brother .Samuel at one time kept a tavern in Boston on the 
present site of the .\dams House. Children: Lydia, b. Dec. 25, 1784; 
William, bapt. Oct. 28, 1787, d. v.; Hannah, bajn. Sept. 23, 1792, d. y. ; 
Samuel, d. y. ; William, b. Feb. 2*5, 1788, d. Feb. 12, 1871; Luke, b. Sept. 
12, 1789, d. Nov. 1, 1855; Samuel, b. 1797, d. Nov. 1, 1855; Eliza, b. 1800, 

d. July 17, 1869, m. Shay; Thomas J., b. Jan. 27, 1804, d. July 5, 

1888; Hannah, b. July 17, 1809, m. Henry Tower and d. March 23, 1853. 

Harrington, William" (Noah^, SamueP, Samuel'', Edw.-, Robert'), 
b. Feb. 25, 1788, d. Feb. 12. 1871: m. Abigail Adaline Stowell, dau. of 
Peter and Elizal^eth Stowell. While he was at work on the old Ex- 
change building, when the brick walls were up to the full height, a 
staging gave way, and he and others fell to the ground. He was con- 
fined to his home for five years; his leg was amputated, but he finally 
recovered, entered Leicester Academy and afterward taught school here 
in the old schoolhouse on the Common. Later he had a store on the 
site of the Piper Block, and kept a tavern at the corner of Salem and 
Park streets and at what has since been known as Harrington Cor- 
ner, opposite the present City Hall. He lived on Park street, near Salem. 
He d. Feb. 12, 1871. Children: Frances A , b. Oct. 4, 1821; William 
Henry, b. Apr. 29, 1824; Chauncey Goodrich, b. June 30, 1826. 

Harrington, William Henrv' (William", Noah^, SamueP, SamueP, 
Edw.=, Robt.'), b. April 29, 1824; m. (1) Lucy Forbes of Millbury and 
had one son William. He m. (2) Mrs. Bemis. He was a manufacturer 
of woolens, operating the Berlin Mills, and manufacturing wrenches at 
the old Junction shop. About 1855 he bought the business of Calvin 
Witherbee in Millbury, where he continued making monkey wrenches, 
chisels and drawing knives. During the Civil War he made bayonets 
for the government. 

Harrington, John= (Robert'), m. Nov. 17, 1681. 

Harrington, Joshua'' (John-, Robert'), res. on what is now Blithe- 
wood avenue, where his son Joshua Jr. afterward lived (Wall). 



142 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Harrington. Josiah^ (Joshua-'. John-'. Robert'}, was b. at Watertown, 
June 1"<^. 1709. and came here from W'altham and settled on Grafton St. 
about 1i.j4. He bought land of Cornelius Durant, May 21, 1T54; m. 
Mav -ir^ irao. Dinah Flagg. dau. of Allen. Children: Huldah, bapt. 
Sept. -ir,. ir;31: Dinah, bapt. May 20, i:;5;5. d. Sept. ;iO, i:.>!): m. Elijah 
Livermore: Elijah, bapt. Nov. i'T, 1:34; Tabitha, bapt. Sept. 11. IT.M ; 
Elizabeth, bapt. Apr. lo. i::i9; Josiah. bapt. May 11. 1T40, (soldier in 
the Rev. I. m. Jan. 10. 1764; Hannah, bapt. 22. 1741; Jemima, bapt. July 
29. 1744 ; Sarah, bapt. May 11, 174(5: Jemima, bapt. Jan. 24, 1748; Anna, 
bapt. luiv 2. 1749: Marv. bapt. Sept. 15, 1751: Silas, bapt. Mav 21, 
1752. iii.'Xov. 25. 17 7.i, 'Mindwell Wellington, who d. Oct. 27. 1808; 
(2) Abigail Thorp. Feb. 1, 1S09: he d. June 15, 1831. 

Harrington. .Silas'' (Josiah*. Josh\ia''. John-. Robert'). ba])t. May 21, 
1752 : (1. here June 15. 18:51 ; he served in the Rev. Children, b. here by first 
wife: (_)Ii\e. l)a])t. June 4. 17 75: Lydia. bapt. ^lay 17, 1778; Jeremiah, 
bai)t. ilarch 21. 1779: Josiah. bapt. Sept. IG. 17Sl'; Clarissa, bapt. Feb. 
22. 1784: Silas, bapt. .\pril 1(5, 178(5: Faith, bapt. July 6, 178S. By sec- 
ond wife: Mindwell Wellington, b. Jan. (i. 1810; Hannah Bucklin, b. 
Jan. 2, 1812: Clarissa Harlow, b. July" 15. 1S15: Mary, b. Dec. ;50, 1817; 
Silas Fiagg. 1). .Aug. (i. 182(1. 

Harrington. Elijah' (Josiah*. Joshua\ John-. Robt.*). bapt. Nov. 17, 
17:5 1, at W'altham : d. here"Feb. ;5, 1811 ; m. ("l) Feb. 8. 1758. Azubah Rice, 
who d. -Apr. 27, 17(58. aged o4 yrs. He m. (2) 1769, Mehitable Draper. 
Children, b. here: Ephraim. l)apt. lune 29. 1760; Azubah. Inipt. Apr. 11, 
1761, d. y.: Azubah. bapt. March 24. 1762; Mehitable. bapt. May 24, 
1770: Abigail. baj)t. )ulv 14. 177;); Tamesih. bapt. June 7, 1776; Fanny, 
bapt. .\ug^ 14. 1777;" Elijah, bapt. Aug. 2. 1779. Elijah and Polly (id 
wife?) had Polly, b. Mar. 26. 1786. 

Harrington, [osiah''' (Josiah*, Joshua'. John-, Robt.V). b.ipt. May 11, 

1740; served in tlie Rev.: m. (1) Jan. 10, 17(54; (2) Lydia . He had 

by first wife in \\'or. : .Amv. bapt. Nov. 25. 1761 ; Joel. bapt. Jan. 12, 1772. 
B'y 2d wife: Mary Jone.s b. Aug. 1:5. 17 75; William, b. Aug. 3, 1777; 
Joshua, b. Sept. 20. 1778; Josiah, b. June 18. 1780; Timothy Fav, b. July 
29, 1781 ; Artemas, bapt. Sept. 12. 1784. 

Harrington, Francis^ (Edw-ard-, Robert*), b. June 11, 1709; m. Nov. 
16, 173(5, Prudence Stearns, dau. of Lt. Samuel Jr. and Mary (Hawkins) 
of Watertown. .She was b. Apr. 27, 17l;5, d. here Aug.. 1751. He m. (2) 
Nov. 14, 1752, Deborah Brigham of Westborough. She d. here April 
20, 1799. aged 84 yrs. He d. July 18. 1793. He came here from Graf- 
ton. In the spring of 1741 he bought of Joseph Dana of Pomfret, Ct.. 
the farm since known as the Harrington homestead near Lake Quin- 
sigamond. He held various town offices; was on the school commit- 
tee, 1754-56-76-77 and collector of highway taxes 1758-63-68-72-73. Chil- 
dren : Francis, b. 1737, d. here April 6. 1768; Nathaniel, b. here 1742; 
bv 2d wife: Mary. b. Dec. 16, 1753, m. Feb. 13, 1777, Jonathan Stone 
ji-. ; Prudence, b. .'\i)r. 20, 1755, m. Julv 6, 1780, Josiah Perry; William, 
b. Nov. 18, 1756. m. May 29, 1781. Mary Perry. 

Harrington. Nathaniel* (Francis', Edward". Robt.*), h. here in 1742; 
m. July 2, 1776, Ruth Stone, dau. of Jonathan of Auburn. She d. Aug. 
34, 1817, aged 69 yrs. He was sergeant in Capt. Timothy Bigelow's 
company on the Lexington Alarm and in Capt. Jonas Hubbard's co. 
later in 1775; 2d lieut. in Capt. William Gates's co. in 1776; 1st lieut. 
in Capt. Joshua Whitney's co. 5th Wor. Co. regt. in 1777, and in Capt. 
Jesse Stones's co. the same year. He was constantly in public office ; 



AM' J IS PEOPLE 143 



■was on the school coniniittei- 1 ;!»()-itl-!t:i-<M;-<).s- i,siii)-(i,s ; si-lectnian ls<i3 
to ISdit. lit- (1. Fel). -.^s, l,s;Jl. Children: iM-ancis. 1). .Mav l.\ i:::. d. 
Oct. K, 1841. m. Lydia Perry: Jonathan, h. Oct. ^1, if:!), m. .Mary 
Flagg : Sarah. I). Aug. 14, KSC. i .See l)i()grai)hies of son Daniel and 
grandsons Hon. F. .\. and 1). A. Harrington). 

Harrington. E])hraini. who belongs in this family, parentage nut 
found, had here hy wife Sarah: Rufus. h. .\ug. ;il, i;;i: Eijhraiin, 
bapt. July 'i'K 1 '• '>'■'>. 

Harris. — William Harris was an early -eltler. h. KIHI, d. .March •.".>. 
K.S"-^. in his sv'd yr. : m. .Mary Teni])le. dau. mI Richard of Shrewsbury, 
who deeded fur lo\e and affection. Sept. 1. i;:iO. land in W'or. to his 
daughter Mary and her husband William Harris, land that he Ijought 
of James Kiiapp or Kno.x. His A\ife d. .March In, lic;, in her "lUh w. 
(g. s. ). He came here from .Shrewslniry and was [irobalih- of the Water- 
town family. His sun ( Uiver was liapt. in .Shrewsl)ur\-, |an. 4, i;:iO, and 
some of his suns li\-ed there. Children, recorded here: ( )Ii\er, b. Dec. 
1(1, i:5!t: X'alentine, b, .-\i)r. Id. i;:iv'. m. .\pr. HI, IM:., Priscilla Cdeason; 
Xoah. b. May ;, i;:'.4, d. .\ng. iid, bs(i|. -^^g^-tX ;(i yrs. : wife I'hebe, d. 
March <;, ISdd. in (;;th yr. ig. s.). was a Tury, disarmed by the Com- 
mitee i.if Corresiiondence in \','A and forbidden to leave town; Jol). b. 
Ai)r, (;, 1 ;:!(;: Daniel, li. June 14, i;:!!i; Mary, b. Jan. :)1, i;4>^-:3, m. 
June 1, \'ii')'i. .Samuel Hayden of Marlljon lugh. 

A William Harris of Holden. m. here ian. '.M. i;4;(-.")d, Patience 
( jleason : was perhai.is ;>.nother son of this \\'illiam. William served in 
the Rev. 

Harris. 1 vanieP ( William' i. li. June 1 1. 1 ;:i!t, here. ser\ed in the Rev. : 

m. Resigner i or Kusina) . L'hildren, b. here: Resigner. bajjt. 

June <i. KiU. d. y. : Daniel, b. June b"), KtU; Resigner, b. May 'i-i, IIB^, 
m. Xov. Vl. lbs,",, I'hineas Hartlett: Lois, bajjt. Sept. IS, IKi;!: Lucretia, 
ba])t. June '-K KH'i. m. May 11. 1T9:5, Edward Sever: Luther, bapt. Mar. 
■.^;i. K'iii. m. Jan. bl. Css, ( irace Pirwmt of P)erlin : Calvin, l)ai)t. .Mav 'it, 
I'fi" : Xoah. bapt. May S. HCS: Lemuel, bajn. Sept. IT, KiJ'J : Francis, 
ba])t. \\n-. 111. \:i-i: Polly, liapt. June Vd, i;;:i: Susanna, Apr. Pi, H'."). 

Daniel Harris made a will .\]iril S. Ibs.'i. disallowefl |ul\ "i, DS."). 
l)equeathing to Rezinali his wife, and children — Daniel (e.xr. ). Luther, 
Calvin. Xoah. Lemuel. Elisha. Rezinah, Lucretia and AIar\-. 

Hart. — James^ Hart li\-ed in Leicester, buying land there in 1 b'i"i. 

Hart, James- (James' i. was of Worcester as early as lifiG. in what 
was afterward Auburn. His will was dated at Ward (.\uburn) Dec. "iii, 
ISls. allowed A])r. ■">, ls-^(i: heirs — daughters Sarah Eddv and ]Marv 
Rice. P>y wife Lydia he had here: Tlnjmas. bapt. .Kjir. •'!. ITdii. P)\- 
wife ^Lary: Sarah, bapt. (Jet. ■-'. KHS: James, bapt. Dec. -'Id. K^d: Marv, 
bapt. Aug. P;, h;4. 

Hart. John, died at .\ul:)urn. ISdL leaving a will dated Oct. 11. and 
allowed ( )ct. ol. ISo;. be(|ueathing to sons Jose])h and James, and to 
wife's daughter Pollv .Singletar^^ He was ])rol)abl\- brother of Rames 
Hart Jr. ■ ■ ■ 

The following were married in Wor.. probably all children of James 
Hart -Sr. of Leicester: ^lary of Leicester, m. April PJ. n."),5. Charles 
Davenport: Elizabeth Hart. m. Jan. 2\K ITiit, George Caldwell, of Rut- 
land : Charles Hart, m. Mar. Id. 1774, at Oxford, Olive Fish : Anne Hart, 
m. Mar. 17, 17 74, James Kelly of Colchester, Ct. 

Harthan. — This surname is identical with Hawthorne, Hathorn. etc. 
^^'illiam Harthan or Hathorne. the immigrant, was ancestor of Nathaniel 



144 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Hawthorne. He came early with his brother John from Eng. to Salem. 
They were sons of William and Sarah of Binfiekl, Berks, Eng. Wil- 
liam was b. in 160T and came in the ship Arabella in 1630, settled at 
Dorchester and went to Salem in 16;56 ; was deputy and speaker of the 
house. He had the first grant of land in what is now Townsend. He 
was Assistant in 16G2-()7 ; one of the ablest men of the colony in his 
day; captain of the Salem Co. He died 1679, leaving a will. 

Harthan, John- (William'), b. -Vug. 5, 1641, in Lynn; m. Ruth 
Gardner. 

Harthan, Nathaniel' (John-, Wm.M, b. about 1690; settled in Marl- 
borough. By wife Martha he had several children. He m. (2) 1T28, 
Sarah Stevens of Stow ; settled where the Marlborough city farm is now 
located. 

Harthan, Eleazer' (NathanieP, John-, Wm.'), lived at Stow and 
Marlborough ; m. 1?.'J(), Elizabeth Goodale. 

Harthan Silas'' (Eleazer^ Nathaniel'', John^ Wm.'), b. Dec. 22, 1732; 
soldier in the French and Indian War, ITS?; moved to Shrewsbury. He 
had here Ashbel, bapt. Jan. 1, 1758. 

Harvey (Hervey). — William' Harvey, b. in Eng. in 1614, son of 
Thomas of Ashill, Somersetshire; came in 1636 to Dorchester; rem. to 
Taunton soon. 

Harvey, Thomas= (William^), b. Dec. 18, 1641; m. Dec. 10, 1679, 
Elizabeth Willis of Bridgewater. 

Harvey, Thomas'' (Thomas-, William'), b. SeiJt. 17, l(i82, at Taun- 
ton; m. 1706 Sarah and lived in what is now Norton. 

Harvey, Dr. Zachariah* (Thos.-', Thos.'', William'), b. at Taunton, 
May 2, 1711; rem. when 13 yrs. old with parents to Nine Partners, N. 
Y. ; returned and m. at Pomfret, Ct., Aug. 27, 1734, Amy Adams; located 
in Wor. where he practiced medicine until about 1750; rem. to Shrews- 
bury in what was called the Leg. annexed to Lancaster in 1768. He 
gave a lot for a burial ground in Shrewsbury in 1752. In 1758 he sold 
his place at Sy. and settled in Princeton, where he was the first doctor. 
At the district meeting in Princeton, 1761, he was elected moderator, 
clerk, selectman, assessor and agent to the General Court. He is 
credited with introducing the Harvey apple. From Princeton he rem. 
to Westminster where he lived from 1771 to 1774, then went to Chester- 
field, N. H., where he d. Feb. 15, 1801. His wife Anne d. there Dec. 
6, 1803, aged 88 yrs. 3 m. 5 d. Children, b. here: John, b. April 18, 
1736 ; Sarah, b. Sept. 23, 1738 ; Amy, b. Jan. 14, 1740-1, m. Warren Snow ; 
Zechariah, b. Mar. 7, 1743-4, m. in Lancaster, Nov. 15, 1764, Mary Nor- 
cross; Solomon, b. Jan. 9, 1745-6; Daniel, b. Oct. 4, 1747, d. Jan. 13, 
1748. Born at Sy. : Rachel, b. May 31, 1750, m. May 2, 1766, Samuel 
Norcross, lived in Marlborough and Chesterfield, N. H.; Daniel, b. Sept. 
14, 1752, d. 1756; Darius, b. Dec. 9, 1754; m. at Westminster, Mary 
Brooks of Lincoln, June 3, 1783; Isaiah, b. May 8, 1758, "near Wachu- 
sett, but not in any twp." 

Harwood. — Nathaniel Harrad (Harwood), m. here Feb. 5, 1737-8, 
and settled in Leicester, where he d. 1765. He was probably of the old 
Harwood family of Concord and Littleton. 

Hastings. — Thomas' Hastings, b. in Eng. came with wife and chil- 
dren in 1634 in the ship Elizabeth, lived at Dedham for a time, settled at 
Watertown; was selectman, town clerk, deputy, deacon. His wife 
Susanna d. Feb. 2, 1650; he m. (2) Margaret Cheney, dau. of W'illiam. 
He d. in 1695. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 145 

Hastings, Joseph- ('I'hos.'), b. Sept. U. 1657. d. Oct. :. ItiK.J; 111. 
Nov. 21, 1682, Ruth Rice, dau. of Matthew and Martha of Sudhury ; in. 
(2) Martha Shepard. 

Hastings, Josejih" (Jos.-. Thos.M, l>. at Watertovvn, Jan. -i, 1684-5, 
a honsewright : was selectman of Waltliani : ni. Oct. 2, 1716, Lydia 
Brown. 

Hastings, Joseph^ (Jos.'. Jos.-. Thos.'). h. at Watertovvn June 1. 

1722. Joseph Hastings of Watertown bought land here. March 21. 1753, 
of John Chandler Jr. Joseph m. here, June l.'l, 1757, and had by her at 
Won: Ebenezer, b. Dec. IS), K5;, (served in the Rev.), d. Oct. 22, 1807; 
Mary, b. Sept. 22, 17(i(): Joannes, ])ai)t. Sept. 24. i;(ii», ni. Sept. :!, 1795, 
Ezekie! Hall of Boylston." (See Ward's Hist., Bond's Watertown. Hist, 
of Shrewsbury and Hastings Gen.). 

Haswell. — Richard' Haswell, b. Eng. 1(J22, settled Cand.)ridge. 

Haswell, Anthony, descendant of Richard, was the only one of this 
faniilv here. He m. here, April 23, 1778, Lvdia Baldwin, and the\- had: 
William I'richard, b. Dec. 20, 1778; Anthony, b. Nov. 23. 1780 

Hatch. — Estes Hatch of Boston owned land here, bought March 14, 

1723, of Henry Lee. Nothing else indicates that he lived here, 
Hawes. — Richard' Hawes, b. in Eng. came in 1(535, aged 29 yrs., 

with wife Ann and children: settled in IXjrchester ; d. 165(;. 

Hawes, Eleazer- (Richard'), m. Feb. 23, 1670, Ruth Havnes. dau. of 
Edmund. He was killed April 21, 1676, in K. P. War. 

Hawes, Eleazer' ( '■, Eleazer-'. Richard'), m. at Stoughton, 

Mar)' Belcher, lulv 9, 1729. Children, b. at Stoughttjn : Eleazer, b. 
June 19, J731 ; Martha, b. Nov. 3, 1735; Jacob, b. May 3, 1740; Ebenezer, 
b. Sept. 13, 1743. Perez Rice of Sutton deeded land at .Sutton to Eleazer 
Hawes of Stoughton, Nov. 4, 17 17. He moved to .Sutton before 1759. 

Hawes. Eleazer" (Eleazer*, •', Eleazer'-, Richard'), b. at 

Sti)Ughton June 19, 1731, served in the Rev. from Wor. Children, b at 
Stoughton: William, -Aug. 19. K5;!: at Sutton: Elijah. .\ug. 26, 
1755; Molly, Oct. 19. 175; ; David, bap. July 10. 17()3. Children, b. here: 
Stephen, b. Mar. 15, i:(iS: Ebenzer, bapt. April 1, KIO. He m. (2) 
Ruth Cummings at Sutton. May 1, 1753. Hannah, bajit. July 11. 1773. 

Haws. Joanna, wife of James, died here Mar. 11. K-'m-S. aged 23 
years. 

Haynes. — Deacon luhn Haines, one of the Worcester Cummittee. 
lived in Sudbury, a prcjminent citizen, dep. to the Gen. Court. 

David Haynes. an heir of Dea. John, lived in Sudliury. He sold 
his land here March 5. 1721-2, to Obadiah Ward "for love," etc. Ward 
was also of Sudburv. He also sold land to Daniel Hubbard, late of Con- 
cord, now of Won, 'May 17, 1726. 

Healey. — William' Healey came from Eng. before 1645, settled in 
Roxbury, rem. to Lynn: m. (1) Rebecca Ives, dau. of Miles; (2) (jlrace 
Buttrick or Butteries, dau. of Nicholas. ( :! ) Phebe Green; (4) or (5) 
Sarah Brown. He d. Xov. 28. 1682. aet. ^0. He was ]irison keejjcr at 
Cambridge 1674-1682. 

Healey. Nathaniel- (William'). l)apt. Feb. 6. I(i58, d. June 2. 1734; 
wounded in Swamp Fight. K. P. War; settled in Newton and selectman 
there. His son Joshua was ancestor of the Dudley Healys. 

Healey, Capt. Joshua'' (Nathaniel-, WMlliam'), b. in Cambridge about 

1700; rem', to Dudley 1726; m. at Newton, June 22, 1722, Sarah Davis 

of Roxbury, who d. at Dudley, Dec. 10. 1770. aet. 67 (g. s.). Will proved 

Nov. 9, 1772, beq. to Samuel. Nathaniel. Joshua, loseph. Sarah Larkin. 

W.— I-io. 



146 



HISTORY OF irORCESTER 




BEX.IAMIX FLAGG HOUSE. PLAXTATIOX STREET. 




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CHAMBERLAIX HOUSE. FLAGG STREET. 



AXD ITS rEOPLE 147 

Healey, \ath;miel' ( Joshua \ Nathaniel-. 'WillianiV), b. Sept. 3, 1736; 
Rebecca l)a\is (deceased), Mary Alarcy, d. Dec. 30, 1794; came to Wor. 
before I'll ; his widow Lois was api)ointed adiiix. One dan. Mary was 
bapt. here July <!1, i;:i. 

Heah', loseph* (loshua'. Xatlianiel-, W'ilhani'). h. at Dudley, June 
■i'.K i:--.'!l:'d." Ajiril .30,'],sl3, {g. s. Dudley); selectman; m. Jan. 2, 1754, 
Mary Whitmorc. who d. Apr. 20, 1802. His son Perley, "b. Aug. 30, 
]7ti!», (1. May K, l.s3:', ; liyed in Wor. after ]77<j, m. Aljigail Warden 
(q. \.). dan. of Samuel, .-md had three children. (See Warden Gen.), 

Healy, Major' (JoseplT*. Joshua', Nathaniel-, Wm.^), b. at Dudley, 
Sei)t. IS, i;-"N;m. here, Noy. 28, 1782, Sally Stowers. He d. here 
Feb. ;, 1821. aged li3 yrs. ; his wife Sally d. Feb. 1, 1821, aged 65 yrs. 
He was matross in Capt. Dayid Henshaw"s Co., Col. Craft's regt. of 
artiller}- in K76-t. He was a cabinet maker, owned and liyed on what 
is known as the Hurnside estate. Main St. He was famous for his wit. 
John, his only son, died at Charlestown, S. C. Sept. 17, 1809, aged 36 
yrs. Their dan. Nabby d. Apr. 8, 1796, aged ."> mos. Their dau. Sally 
d. June 2."i, 1810. aged 24 yrs. (g. s.). 

Heard. — Luke^ Heard, b. in Eng.. settled in Salisbury, rem. to 
Ipswich, \vhere he d. 1647, bequeathing in -will, Sejit. 28, 1647, to wife 
Sarah, sons John and Edmund. 

Heard, Edmund- (Luke'), held yarious town offices in Ipswich; d. 
there K13; m. Elizabeth Warner, dau. of Daniel, and she d. 1724 in her 
77th yr. He had sons Edmund and Daniel, daughters Elizabeth, Sarah 
and Al)igail. 

Heard. Edmund" (Edmund-. LukeM. b. Feb. 22. KISl. at Ijiswich. m. 
(1 ) 1706 .Anna Tood. who d. June 13. 1709, in her 23 yr. ; m. (2) Deborah 
Osgood of Andoyer, d. Aug. 1',. 1723; (3) Se]it. ."i. 1724, Ivebecca Knowl- 
ton, who d. 1:28; (4) Martha Kimball; ( :> ) Elizabeth (Lull) Cald- 
well, who was slain by Indians. 

Heard, Edmund^ (Edmd,^ Edmd.-', Luke'), bapt. .\pril 21, 1720, m. 

Priscilla . Children, b. at Ipswich: Edmund, liapt. Sejit. 4, 1743; 

Priscilla, l)apt. Noy. 25, 1744, d. y. ; Priscilla. ba])t. July 6. 1746; m. June 
3, 1763. at Wor. John Wellington; Mark, bapt. Oct. S, 1749; Martha, 
bapt. Tune 10, 1753; \\"il]i;im, l)apt. lune 1, 1755; Jeremiah, liapt. March 
19, 1758. 

His \yill is dated at Holden Jan. 17, proyed July 31. 17()9. be(|ueath- 
ing to \yife Priscilla and children — Thomas. \\'illiam. Martha. Eunice, 
Edmund, Mark and Priscilla. 

Heard, Edmund^ (Edm.^ Edm.'. Edm.- Luke'), bapt. at Ipswich 
Sept. 4, 1743, settled here in what is now Holden. His first wife Sarah 
died, and he m. (2) at Dan\-ers, June 1, 17 72, .Elizabeth Andrews. Chil- 
dren, b. here by first wife: .Sarah, b. ]u\v 17, 1766; Edmund, b. Feb. 16, 
1768: Luke, b. Mar. 22, 17 70. By second Ayife: Samuel, b. May 25, 
1773; Hannah, bapt. Aj^ril 14, 1776. 

Heard, Mark'', brother of Edmund, h;id here b\' wife Sarah : Thomas, 
bapt. March 15, 1778. 

Heard, Daniel" ( Edmund% Luke'), bapt. C)ct. 6, 1717. 

Heard, DanieP (r)anl.', Edm.'-', Luke'), by \y\h- Mary had sons Na- 
than and Nathaniel. 

Heard, Nathan=^ (Danl.\ Danl.-', Edm.-, Luke'), ba]jt. Sept. 22, 1715, 
liyed in Leicester and Worcester. He was appointed jailor in Worcester 
in 1798; d. in 1812. By his first wife Joanna he had here: Joanna, 
bapt. July 7. 1782. By second wife Anna he had: Nancy, bajit. May 



148 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

21, 1T86; Nathan, bapt. March 2)6, 17'JO. His home was on Alain street, 
where the Quinsiganiond Bank was hiter located. It was sold in 1800 
to Capt. Peter Slater. 

Heard, Gen. Nathan" (Nathan, Danl.\ Danl.\ Edm.-, Luke'j. He 
was 2d It. of the Worcester Artillery Co. which marched to Boston, Sept. 
1-1, 1814. He rose to the rank of major general in the militia. In 1812 
he succeeded his father as jailor and was for a long time overseer of th*? 
jail and house of correction. He was a grocer in the firms of Heard & 
Manning and Heard & Rice. He was chief engineer of the fire dept 
from 18;J7 to 1840; representative 1837-40. 

Heard, Anthony, m. here Aug. 30, 1790, Nelly Joslin. 

Heminway. — Ralph' Heminway, b. in Eng. ; came to Roxbury in 
1(533; m. July 5, 1834, Elizabeth Hewes, who d. Feb. 2. 1685-6. He d. 
1678. 

Heminway, Joshua- (Ralph'), d. at Roxburv. Oct. 29, 1716; m. (1) 

Jan. 16, 1667-8, Joanna Evans; (2) Mary — . who d. May 5. 1703; 

(3) Elizabeth Weeks. Apr. .5, 1704. 

Heminway, Ebenr.-' (Joshua', Ralph'), b. at Roxbury, was a weaver, 
settled in Framingham, d. 17»)5; m. (1) May 17, 1711, Hannah Winch; 
(2j Feb. 23, 1738, Thamzin Nurse. Children, b. at Framingham: 
Ebenezer, b. Oct. 24, K12: Hannah, b. Feb. 14, 1714-.5, m. Samuel Hem- 
inway; Keziah, bapt. Aug. 4, 1717; Daniel, b. Feb. 12, 1719, lived at 
Marlboro and Shrewsbury and Shoreham, Vt. ; Jacob, b. Mar. 20, 1721-2; 
Samuel, b. Aug. 3, 1724; Elizabeth, b. June 19, 1727. 

Heminway, Jacob' (Ebenezer', Joshua-, Ralph'), b. at Framingham 
March 20, 1721-2, settled in Worcester about 1750. He d. here, Feb. 
6, 1801, in his 78th yr. (g. s.). He was lieut. in Capt. Aaron Rice's co. in 
1756 and succeeded to the command ; was one of the building committee 
of the Old South Church in 1763; selectman 1764; one of the original 
inembers of the American Political Society. He lived on what is now 
May St. on or near the farm now or lately owned by W. W. Patch. His 
wife Mary d. June 2, 1802, aged 75 y. (g. s.). His will dated Feb. 3, 
1797, was filed Marcli '■>. ISOl, bec|ueathing to wife Mary and children — 
Samuel, Jonas, Ephraini, Sally, wife of Eljenezer Wiswall Jr. Children: 
John, d. here Sept. 7, 1150: Sarah, i), here Nov. 27, 175;!; Samuel, b. 
Nov. 21, 1756, soldier in the Rev.; |onas, b. Mar. 11, 1759; Ephraim, b. 
Apr. 4, 1760; Sallv. b. Oct. 19, K62; Mollv, b. Alar. 11. 1765; Jonas, b. 
Sept. 18, 1770. 

Heminway, Samuel' (Jacol)', Ebenezer-', Joshua-. Ralph'), b. here 
Nov. 21, 1756. He was a soldier in the Rev. in Capt. Bigelow's Co. 1775. 
By wife Hepsibah he had here: Persis Rice. b. Nov. 12, 1780; Marv, b. 
May 9, 1784; Sally, bapt. 'July 13, 1788. 

Heminway, jefifry, a mulatto, jirobably taking his name from 
owners) came from I^ramingham also, adopted by Ebenezer Hemin- 
way Jr. Family tradition says that Mary, wife of Ebenezer was taken 
captive by Indians. Jefifry was a soldier in the Revolution from Fram- 
ingham in 1775-7; from Worcester 1778-80. He d. Aug. 15, 1819, aged 
80 yrs. His will dated here May 20, 1809, proved Sept. 7, 1819, bequeathed 
to wife Hepsibah and children — Joseph. Lydia, Hannah, .Xdam, Alex- 
ander and Jacob. The history of Framingham gives this list of his chil- 
dren : Mary, b. Nov. 4, 1734, blind; Hannah'i^ b. Mar. 2, 1737, d. y. ; 
Hannah; Ebenezer; Adam; Samuel; Jacob. His son Adam (soldier 
in the Rev.), bv wife Lvdia had here Phineas, b. May 6, 1774. .\dam 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



140 



was also a soldier in Capt. Timothy I'.igelow's t'o. 1 ;■;."). |elTry Ixnii^lit 
a small place on what is now May street. 

Primus, negro servant of Jacob Heminway, adopted the name of iiis 
owner. By wife Jane he had here : C hild. hapt. |an. "^'1, l*."):!; .\maretta, 
bapt. June V^. ITa.J: Dinah, hajn. Sept. :!. l^."iS; Scipio. hapt. Se])t. 
27. 1761 : Primus, himself, was bajU. Jan. "^'1. KTiM. 

Henchman. — Captain Daniel Henchman, a inend)er of the commit- 
tee in charge of the settlement of Worcester, both in 1074 and 1()83, 
was in actual charge of the assignment of lots to tlie settlers. He was 
well educated, able and forceful. In KlCi; he appears in Boston as the 
teacher of the grammar school. He was admitted a freeman in 1G72. 
and joined the Artillery Com]iany (the Ancient and Honorable Art. 
Co.), in 1674 and was appointed captain of the Fifth Boston Company of 



Dr. Sargent Hniise. Ham- 
mond St., moved from 
Nobilitv Hill. 



Harriette IJurnside 
Fnniitain. 



Shattuck House. 
Square. 



Brittain 




The R. C. Taylor Hotise, 
moved from Xobilitv Hill 



Tile Ethan .Allen House 



Davis House, Piedmont St., 

removed from Nobility 

Hill. 



Colonial Militia. In May, 1675, at the outbreak of the war, he was sent 
day after the Indian attack on Swansea, he set out with his comjjany and 
took part in the Swamp Fight. When all the other troops had left, he 
remained to watch the movement of King Philip, whom he pursued with 
with a hundred men to assist the Plymouth planters and in July, the 
a few troopers as far as Mendon and Brookfield. He fought through 
the war and took rank among the bravest and most distinguished 
officers. 

He was a cousin of Judge .Samuel Sewall, and related to Gookin. to 
the Hulls, Quincys, Eliots and other prominent families of the province. 
As stated elsewhere, he led the settlement of the plantation here in 1683. 
and lived here imtil his death, Oct. 15, 1685. His position in the Wing- 
Danson controversy made him unpopular during the last year of his 
life, and his funeral was attended by but a few loyal friends. 

Richard Henchman deeded lands here, previously owned by his 
father Daniel, to his nephews Daniel of Boston, book-seller, and Sam- 



ISO HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

uel, cooper, Feb. 5, 1718. Daniel Hencliiiian Ijought of Thomas Pren- 
tice land granted to his grandfather, Thomas Prentice, who was also 
on the committee to settle Wor. This deed is dated .\pril :!0. Wi'^. 

Henry. — William' Henry, b. in Ireland. 

Henry, Robert- (William'), lived in Stow (See Gen.). 

Henry, Silas^ (Robert-, Wm.'), b. IT.')"), lived in Stow and Shirley, 
settled in Wor., m. here May 16, 1T78, Relief Knights: soldier in the 
Rev., and had here by wife Relief: William and Robert, bapt. lulv i'i, 
1781; Sarah, bapt. Nov. 11, 1781 : child, bapt. Tulv -^4, Ks."):' h'oIIv. 
bapt. Sept. 2, 1787. 

Hannah Henry, m. here Dec. Ki, \',^^'l. iohn Duncan uf London- 
derry. 

Mary Henry of Lunenburg, m. recorded here. .Sept. ', . 1T")7. William 
Cowdin. 

Robert Henry of Leicester m. here Mar. 14. Kfi-J. Susannah Your.g. 

Samuel Henry m. here. Sept. 27, 1787. .Abigail Kennedy. 

Hey\vood. — John' Heywood, b. in London. Eng.. about lt)2o : set- 
tled in Concord; m. Aug. 17, 1656, Rebecca .Atkinson, dau. of Thos. 
She may have been his second wife. He ni. again. .\ug. -J. KiH-"). Sarah 
(or Mary?) Simonds, and, again, Priscilla . 

Heywood, Dea. John- (John'), b. at Concord .Apr. •"). 16(>2. died there 
Jan. 2, 1718, m. Sarah Simonds; kept a tavern many years and was 
constable. Children: Sarah; Thomas, b. ]w\\ Kl. 168(); Samuel, b. 
Oct. 11, 1687; Edmund, b. July :il. 168!) ; ' Jo'siah. b. .\'uv. 1."). 1691: 
-Daniel, b. Apr. 15, 1694; Eleazer, b. .Aug. 3. KUKJ; Nathan, b. Sept. 24. 
1698; Sarah, b. Jan. 18, 1700; John. b. Mar. 14, 170;J. settled in Lunen- 
burg; Mary, b. March 23, 1704; I'hinehas, b. July 18, 1707. settled in 
Shrewsbury, was a leading Whig before and during the Revolution, m. 
Elizabeth Moore, dau. of Nathaniel of W.or., descendants numerous in 
Wor.; Benjamin, b. Oct. 25, 1709. 

Heywood, Lieut. NathanieP (Phinehas'. John-, John'), bapt. in 
Sy. Nov. 13, 1748; m. (1) April 23, 1778, Hannah Curtis of Wor.. and 
lived on the homestead. She d. Mar. 25, 1792, aged 35 yrs. He m. (3) 
July 1, 1793, Mary Chamberlain, who d. Nov. 21, 1802, dau. of Dea. Jacob 
of Wor. He d. Nov. 18, 1834, aged 86 yrs. He was a corporal in Capt. 
Timothy Bigelow's co., April 19, 1775, and lieut. in Capt. Wm. Gates's 
Co. in 1777, serving in New York. Children bv first wife, b. here: 1. 
Levi, b. Sept. 21. 1777, d. Sept. 17, 1804. 2. Nathaniel, b. Feb. 6, 1780, 
d. Oct. 4, 1836. Born in Sy. : 3. Benjamin, b. March 29, 1782. 4. John, 
b. Aug. 24, 1784; d. Aug. 16, 1833, at Sv. 5. Phinehas, b. May 4, 1788. 
6. Daniel, b. Nov. 17, 1790; d. Dec. 20, 1802. By second wife at Wor.: 
Hannah, b. Feb. 9, 1794. 8. Daniel, b. Mar. 9. 1796. 9. Marietta, b. March 
9, 1802; m. Elijah Stow of Grafton. 

Heywood, DanieP (NathanieP, Phinehas'-, John-, John'), b. in Sv., 
March 9, 1796; m. Oct. 21, 1824, Maria Brooks of Princeton. His chil- 
dren were bapt. in the second parish, Wor., their births rec. in Sy. : John 
Brooks, b. Aug. 8, 1825; George Chamberlain, b. June 18, 1827, d. y. ; 
Charles Leland, b. Oct. 21, 1828, father of Charles H., inventor of 
envelope machinery, who m. Cora M. Eaton, dau. of Amos Madison and 
Eliza Maria (Kelley) Eaton of Wor. (Eliza M. Kelley was a dau. 
of Oran A. Kellev of Won); George Chamberlain, b. June 17, 1832; 
Edwin Chapin, b.'Sept. 27, 1836; Henry Adams, b. June 23, 1842. 

Heywood, Hon. Benjamin* (Phinehas', John-, John'), h. Oct. 25, 
1746, in Sy., settled here, and died here Dec. 16, 1816. He m. Mehitable 



AND ITS PEOPLE 151 

Moore, adopted dau. of Nathaniel, dau. of Elisha Goddard of Sutton. 
She d. June 18, 1839, in Wor. He learned the trade of carpenter, but 
afterward went to Harvard College where he became ensign of a com- 
pany of students styled the Marti-mercurian Band, taking part in the 
tight of April l!:l, 1T75. Though the war interrujited the work in the 
college he received his degree in due time. He was commissioned lieut. 
in May, 1775, promoted captain 177t>, and served as paymaster under Col. 
Nixon. He was at the surrender of Burgoyne. He served on a com- 
mittee appointe<l by Washington to adjust pay of soldiers and on a 
committee to adjust the accounts of the Alass. army officers and made a 
voluminous report. He remained for several years after the war in the 
office of the Gen. Supt. After the war he lived for a time in Sy., but 
returned to Wor. where he bought a farm. He was employed much 
as arbitrator, executor and guardian and was a magistrate. He was 
twice a presidential elector. He was trustee of the Hassanamisset 
Indians (Grafton) : trustee of Leicester Academy. From 1802 to 1811 
he was judge of the C(jurt of Common Pleas. Children: 1. Mehitable, 
d. Sept. 18, 183It. 2. Nathaniel Moore, b. July 18, 1788, m. Caroline 
Sumner of Boston, and d. at Richmond, Va. 3. Elizabeth, b. March 23, 
1790. 4. Benjamin Franklin, b. April 34, 1792. .5. Joseph, b. Mar. 4, 
1794. 6. Lucy, b. .\pril 30, 179G. 7. Nancy, b. Feb. 3, 1798. 

Heywood, Dr. Benjamin Franklin'^ (Benj.*, Phinehas', John-, John'), 
b. here Apr. 24, 1792; d. Dec. 7, 1869; m. (1) Sept. 21, 1830, Nancy 
Green, sister of Dr. John Green; (2) her sister Elizabeth R. Green, June 
28, 1837. He graduated at Dartmouth, 1812, attended Dartmouth and 
Yale medical schools and took his degree at Yale, 1815; formed a part- 
nership with Dr. John Green, which existed for twenty years. He was 
councillor and censor of the Mass. Med. Society, a member of the Dis- 
trict Society and of the American Med. Assn.; and was a member of the 
Society of the Cincinnati. He served in the common council in 1848 and 
was alderman 1848 to lS5fi. He was for 52 years a member of the old 
Fire Society. For forty years he was trustee of the Wor. Co. Inst, for 
Savings and director of the W^orcester Bank, of which his father was one 
of the founders. He practiced fifty years ; was one of the leading 
physicians of the county, and at the time of his death was the oldest 
physician, as to length of practice. 

Children bv first wife: 1. Benjamin, b. July IG, 1821. 2. Caroline, 
b. Aug. 7, 1823" 3. Frederick, b. June 30, 1825. 4. John Green, b. May 
34, 1828, d. 1833. By 2d wife : 5. Nathaniel Moore, b. July 20, 1839 ; d. 
Aug. 7, 1839. 6. Nancy, b. Dec. 24, 1840; m. Dr. Griswold ; their son 
Arthur H. Griswold was a prominent physician of Hartford, and Ralph 
Mansell Griswold is a U. S. naval officer. 7. John Green, b. March 1, 
1843, (see biography). 8. Mary Elizabeth, b. Sept. 27, 1845; m. Capt. 
H. L. Stone. 

Heywood, AbeP (Dea. DanieP, John-, John'), was b. Jan. 2G, 1739; 
d. Nov. 39, 1769; m. Hannah Goddard, who d. Aug. 24, 1814. Children, 
b. here: Hannah, b. Dec. 12, 1756; Abel, b. Dec. 27, 1758; Daniel, b. 
April 10, 1763, d. Sept. 4, 1817; wife Sally, d. Apr 1, 1814, aet. 47. 

Heywood, AbeP (AbeP, DanieP, John^, John^), b. here Dec. 27, 
1758, d. May 10, 1821 (g. s.) : m. here April 27, 1780, Abigail Cham- 
berlain, b. Sept. 36, 1760; d. June 30, 1818. His will was dated Aug. 
5, 1819, allowed July 3, 1731, bequeathing to children Artemas, Betsey 
Putnam, Abigail Stowell, Abel and Henry. Children : Abel, b. Apr. 



152 HISTORY OF IV ORC ESTER 

18, nsi : P.etsey. b. Oct. 2-1. 1782; Henrv. b. Aug. .">. KSo. d. Sept. 10, 
1872; Abigail, b. Mar. 22. 1789; Artemas, June 30, 1794. 

Meywood, Henry" (AbeP, Abel^, Daniel", John'-, John'), b. Aug. 5, 
1785; d. Sept. 10, 1872: m. Nov. 22, 1812, Sarah Stowell, b. IMarch 19, 
1780; d. Feb. 28, 1861. Children, b. here: Emilv Ann, b. Aug. 5, 1814; 
d. Jan. 10, 1892; Abigail Sarah, b. Nov. 6, 1815; d. Nov. 11, 1842; Wil- 
liam Henry, b. April 14, 1817; m. Dec. 31, 1844, Alary G. Sutton (father 
of Mrs. Emily Ann, widow of Edward F. Tolman) ; Nathaniel C, b. 
Nov. 17, 1819, d. Sept. 28. 1820; Edwin Thomas, b. Feb. 27, 1822, d. 
May 6, 1847. 

Ileywood. Daniel 2d'' (.■\bel\ Daniel-'. John-. John'), b. here Apr. 10, 
1762, had by wife Sally : Nancy, b. Sept. 24, 1786: Asa. b. July 17. 1789; 
Polly, b. Sept. 7, 1791 ; Russefl, b. Sept. 20, 1797. 

'ileywood, Phinehas'' (John-, John'), b. at Concord July 18, 1707; 
m. Elizabeth Moore, dau. of Nathaniel of Wor. .She d. June 20, 1797, 
aged 86 yrs. He d. March 20, 17 76. He came to Wor. about 1732, and 
settled in Shrewsbury' in 1739; was selectman, representative, delegate 
to the provincial congress : member of the committee of safety and cor- 
respondence, 1774-5, and a leading Whig before and during the Revo- 
lution: signer of the protest against Judge Oliver. Children, b. 
here: Mary, b. Dec. 19, 173;5, m. Samuel Jennison (q. v.) ; Deborah, b. 
Apr. 11,1736; Seth, b. Dec. 4, 1737. Born at Shrewsbury : Timothy, b. 
Feb. 11, 1740, d. at Westminster, 1825; Keziah. b. Apr. 30, 1742, m. 
Bezaleel Plow of Marlborough; Phinehas, b. July 29, 1744, m. (1) Kezia 
Snow of Westborough : m. (2) Persis Eager, dau. of Bezaleel, and had 
here: Persis, b. July 25, 1784; Benjamin, b. r)ct. 25, 1746; Nathaniel, 
bapt. Nov. 13, 1748; John, b. April 25, 1751; Levi, b. May 12, 1753, set- 
tled in Gardner, ancestor of the chair manufacturers there ; his son 
Levi settled here. 

Ileywood, Dea. Daniel'' (John-, John'), b. Apr. 15, 1694, at Con- 
cord, was one of the early settlers of Wor.; d. Apr. 12, 1773, (g. s.). He 
was captain and then major. He was a blacksmith by trade. He sold 
land here Aug. 2, 1720, to Joshua Rice of Marlborough. He kept a 
tavern on the site of the Bay State House. He was capt. of the first 
militia co. ; major of a company that marched to .the frontier; town 
treasurer, 1722; selectman, 1724 to 1753; town clerk, 1753. He and wife 
Hannah sold land to John Stearns near the meeting house. He bought 
land of Stearns Mar. 5, 1725. His will was dated Oct. 22, 1770, pr. Apr. 
26, 1773. He m. Hannah Ward, Sept. 25, 1718. in Wor. She was a dau. 
of Obadiah ; she d. here Feb. 24, 1760 (g. s.), aged 64 yrs. His 2d wife, 
Mary d. Apr. 9, 1768, (g. s.). Children, b. here: 1. Mary, b. May 31, 1719, 
m. Capt. Jennison and d. Sept. 19, 1782. 2. Hannah, b. Dec. 30, 1720. 
3. Sarah, b. Feb. 1, 1722. 4. Rebecca, b. July 25, 1725, m. Noah Jones of 
Wor. and d. Jan. 11, 1771. 5. Daniel, b.'june 27, 1727. 6. Abel, b. Jan. 
26, 1729-30, ni. Hannah Goddard. 7. Grace, b. .^ug. 23, 1732. 8. Abigail, 
b. June 31, 1735, (sic), m. Palmer Goulding. 

Heywood, DanieP (DanieP, John-, John'), b. June 27, 1727; m. 
Anna Wait at Wor. Nov. 29, 1753, and d. June 30, 1756. He succeeded 
his father as tavern keeper, and was in turn succeeded by his son Daniel. 
By wife Anna he had here: Daniel, b. Nov. 9, 1754, d. y., and Daniel, b. 
July 4, 1756. 

Ileywood, Capt. Daniel" (Daniel', Danl.^, John-, John'), bapt. July 4, 
1756, d. Dec. 15, 1809, aet. 55 ; soldier in Rev. in Lt. Col. Benj. Flagg's Co. 
on Bennington alarm, 1777; by wife Mary had here: Mary, d. Jan. 9, 



AND ITS PFA)PLE 153 

1801), aet. :)^^■. I'olly. 1). .May i:i. \','r. : S;illy, h. .May ■.'(), i:;!i; St-wall. 
b. Oct. •^.-1, its:!: .\aiicy. h. Srpt. Id. i;ss; c'liarlottc' h. Au^'. -.Ml. K:):;. 

Hill. — Jcilin llill, aiic(.-str\- not traced. lia<! lu-rt- \t\ wife .Mar\'. a son 
JMuscs. 1). j'uiu- I. 1; 1 1. 

Hilt. — Peter Milt, a (lernian hy Inrtli, hut nut one of the Hessian? 
who stayed in this countr_\-. lived here from ilfiS to IToS. He was a 
soldier in the KevoJution serving at St. Georges, Me., 17T6-T. He left 
this town and located at \\"aldolK)rotigh, Me., a German settlement. The 
history of Waldohorough gives the name of his wife as Pollv Klaus, Iiut 
she may !ia\e been a second wife. I'.\ wife Margaret he had here: Dan- 
iel, bajit. .\'ov. ■>',, ITiiS: Elizalu'th, hapt. .\'ov. IS. ]7T0; Katherine, hapt. 
Oct. v!."). \:',-->: William, hapt. July 4. ITTs. His children, as given in the 
history of Warren, Me., were: Alary; John; Philip; Elizabeth, m. Dr. 
Fenley of Boston; Katherine; twins, h. Ks:;; Peter, d. at sea; Henry 
and Ann. 

Hoar. — John' Hoar of Conci.ird, ancestor of Hon. Cieorge 1"'. Hoar. 
came from Eng.. h. Ki-.':;, settled at Scituate ; rem. to Ldncord ; la\\\-er 
and farmer. 

Hoar, Daniel- (John'), b. Iti.V). m. .M;ir\ Stratton ; lived in Concord. 

Hoar, Leonard, b. 1()S4, was one of the jiroprietors of the town in 
niS, but lived here but a short time; settled in ISrimtield. 

Hodge, — Elisha llodgi- was here for a few \ears. P)\- wife M.artha 
he had here: Samuel, h. Jan. VJl, n:il)-4(); Mary, d. here .\pr. 2(i, IMH. 

Hclbrook. — Thomas' Hollirook. h. in Eng.. came with \arious others 
of the family, lived in Dorchester in Ifi4."). bought land in what is now 
Sherborn in l(i5'^. and went there soon afterward; was selectman in KiHO 
and one of the founders of the church; d. .\])r. II. Ko."). 

Holbrook, Eleazer- (Thos.M, h. Dec. -.'D. KKiO ; d. Feli. v;S, i:v!.")-(>; 
m. Sarah Pond of Dedham ; inherited north part of homeste.ad ; was 
comitiissioner, selectman, repri-sentati\-e ; owned land in llolliston and 
Douglas. 

llolljrook, Daniel' ( Eleazer-, Thos.'), b. .May S, lii',):), m. F.lizabeth 
Clark; rem. to Wrentham about ^''i^i^i. 

Holbrook, .\mos' (Daniel', Eleazer-, Thos.'). h. .Mar. l':!, 11:)!-."); 
m. Dec, ]■;()(), Lydia Kingsbur}- ; settled here; was killed bv a fall from 
a hayloft. His father Daniel was administratt.ir. his brtither David 
surety, both of Wrentham. appointed June K, KTT. His widow Eydia 
died in KSl ; John Kingsbury of Wrentham apptd. admr. Mar. 10, ITSl. 
Children, b. here; Eunice, b. Sept. 14, HTO; Lydia, h. July -.'0, ITT:! 

Holbrook, Eleazer' (Eleazer-, Thos.'), Ij. Feb. <((;, i;04-."i. m. De- 
borah Bullard, dan. of Capt. .Samuel ; selectman 1"!."). Children: Eleazer, 
b. Oct. 2, 1:29 ; Benjamin, b. Jan. 1."), i:;iO-l; Sarah, b. June (i, 17:52; 
Abel, I). .Aug. 12, i;:U; Samuel, b. .\pr. :iO, 17;5(; ; Deborah, b. lulv 3G. 
17:37. d. .\ug. 1."). 1711; .\nna. b. Nov. Pi. 17:i!i. d. v.; Marv. 'h. 'Apr. 
29, 1741. d. y. 

Holbrook, Eleazer"* (Eleazer', Eleazer-', Thos.'), h. ( )ct. 2, 1729; m. 
Kezia Leland, Oct. 2S, 17.")."); served in the Rev.; lived in .Sherborn and 
Wor. Children, h. at .Sherliorn: Benjamin, b. June II. 1757; Deborah, 
b. Mar. 2S, 17.J,S; b. here: Sarah, b. iune :5."l7(i."); Eleazer. b. Oct. 
13, 1770; Keziah, b. Oct. :iO, 177:!. 

Holbrook, AheP (Eleazer', Eleazer-, Thos.'), b. Aug. 12, 17;i4: was 
a teamster in the Revolution ; lost his oxen bv famine ; discharged at 
Peekskill, N. Y., Nov. 24. 17S1. He ni. Lydia Leland. He died here 
1778, Thomas Wheeler, admr., aitpointed Dec. 1, 1778. He came here in 



154 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

1765. Children, b. at Sherborn : Samuel, b. July 8, d. Dec. 10, 1763; 
Anne, b. Feb. 7, 17C5: born here: Abel. b. May 13, 1766; Asa, b. 
July 4, 1767; Martha, b. Dec. 27, 1768; Lydia, b. Mar. 25, 1770; Ben- 
jamin, bapt. Aug. 25. 1771; Jonathan, b. July 1, 1774; Hannah, b. Sept. 
4, 1776, (p. 140 Sherborn hist, and Wor. vital records). 

Holden. — Richard' Holden, b. in Eng. 1609, came in the ship Fran- 
cis, sailing from Ipswich Apr. 30, 1634, and settled at Ipswich. A fam- 
ily record states that his uncle James Holden was a Lord. A year later 
his brother Justinian came. Richard resided at Cambridge for a time; 
then was a projirietor of Woburn, 1658; sold his place at Watertown in 
1655 ; settled about 1657 in Groton in what is now Shirley on the Nashua 
River; d. at Groton Mar. 1, 1690; his wife d. at Watertown, Dec. 5, 
1691. He m. in 1640, Martha Fosdick, dau. of Stephen. 

Holden, Justinian^ (Richard^), b. 1644, lived at Billerica and Gro- 
ton; was a carpenter; served in K. P. War; m. (1) Mary who 

died May 16, 1691; (2) Susanna . 

Holden, James' (Justinian'. Richard'), b. 1685, died in Barre 1766; 
had a guardian when 15 yrs. old ; lived in Groton, Cambridge, Charles- 
town and Wor., where he settled in 1714; removing in 1745 to Barre. 
His will was filed Dec. 3, 1766, bequeathing to wife Hannah, grandson 
John (eldest son of James) ; Jonathan (eldest son of Daniel), and other 
sons of Daniel ; sons Josiah, Thomas and Aaron ; daughters, Mary, 
wife of Israel Green, and Abigail, wife of Josiah Bacon. He spelled the 
name Holdin. He m. Feb. 17, 1708-9, at Charlestown, Hannah Adams 
of Cambridge, and she d. in 1769 in Barre. He was here. May 30, 1716, 
when he conveyed land here to Nathaniel Jones of Weston; sold land, 
Jan. 18, 1726-7, to Moses Rice in Wor. Children, b. at Charlestown, 
bapt. at Cambridge: Hannah, b. Dec. 18, 1709, d. here Feb. 23, 1729- 
30; James, b. Aug. 2, 1711; Daniel, b. Oct. 7, 1713. At Wor.: Mary, 
b. Feb. 11, 1719 ; Josiah, b. Julv 24, 1721 ; Thomas, b. Oct. 26, 1723 ; Abi- 
gail, b. May 5, 1726; Aaron, b. Jan. 26, 1731-2. 

Holden, Daniel^ (James''. Justinian-, Richard'), b. Oct. 7, 1713. had 
here bv wife Rachel : Josiah, b. Jan. 23, 1743 ; Marv, b. March 31, 1747 ; 
Kathei-ine, bapt. July 30, 1749; Nathaniel, bapt. May 12, 1751. 

Holden, James* (James', Justinian-, Richard'), b. Aug. 2, 1711; m. 
Jan. 13, 1736-7. Susanna Hall at Sutton, and had here John, b. Mar. 14, 
1736-7. 

Holden, Capt. Josiah* (James^ Justinan^, Richard'), b. Julj^ 24, 
1731, here; m. Dec. 17, 1747, Abigail Bond of Watertown. He was a 
captain in Col. Sparhawk's regt. in the Revolution. Children, b. here: 
Benjamin, b. Jan. 9, 1748-9, soldier in the Revolution, his wife Abigail 
had pension, lived in Barre; James, b. June 9, 1750; Josiah, b. Sept. 30, 
1751. His family went to Barre. where Josiah died in 1777. Children, b. 
in Barre: Moses, b. July 9, 1753; John, Dec, 1755; Nathan, Mch. 2, 
1758; Abigail, b. Mar. 22, 1760. 

Holloway. — Malachi Holloway of Middleborough, one of the early 
proprietors, sold his rights granted June, 1717, to Gershom Rice by deed 
of Jan. 15, 1722. The land was between this town and Sutton, adjoining 
land of Capt. Ephraim Curtis. The HoUoways did not settle here. 

Holmes. — David' Holmes (Himes or Humes in Dorchester records), 
a Scotchman, as stated in a deed of his homestead and was probably 
one of Cromwell's prisoners who were sent to New England. He set- 
tled in what is now Milton ; bought land there Feb. 4, 1664, of Jonathan 



AND ITS PEOPLE 155 

Gatlive. His son John was ancestor of Dr. (Jliver Wendell Holmes. 
The sons John and James were among the founders of Woodstock, Ct. 

Holnics, James- (David'), h. at Milton Aug. U. KilJ.'i. d. at Wood- 
stock. Sept. T, l';4.'i. He m. here Jan. '-H'). lt)8T-.S. Jane Stephens and pre- 
sumably some !.>{ their cliildren were born here. ( [j. Gl.j Mdlx. Co. records 
at N. E. Gen. & 11. .Soc). He deeded land to <lau.s^hters Hannah. Thank- 
ful, Rachel. Abigail. Phebe and Sarah, March •'!. 17"ii)-7 : to son Thomas 
of Woodstock. March :S. lT2<j-T. and to son Jac<jb (jf Wor.. Xov. 7, 1T17, 
the land he owned here. (p. ;!.")-l Holmes gen.). His wife lane d. at 
Woodstock, Oct. ;i, i;:i'.). 

Holmes, Jacob' (James-, David'), b. in Wo<jdstock, Ma_\- \->. 16!)5, 
settled in Wor. before 17 K. His will dated Mar. I'.i, Ki;;. proved Jan. 
4. ITTi), bequeaths to Jacob. Rachel, wife of Jonas Woodward, and Pris- 
cilla. He bought land of Gershom Rice April 30, 171!l. His first wife 
Rachel d. Jan. ^is. i:-.^ii-7. in Wor. By her he had Josiah. b. Apr. 'iO. 17.33. 
By 2d wife Ruth he had here: Ruth. b. Xov. -.'S. 1739; Jac^b. b. Feb. 
11, ir32-;5; Rachel, b. Mar. 38. 17:)4. m. Ian. Hi. 17-j!t, Jonas Woodward; 
Jacob, b. Dec. 3(1, 173."); Hannah, b. Aug. IG. 1737: .\bigail, b. Dec. 23, 
1739; Priscilla. b. ]\Iar. 3, 1743, m. Feb. 3. 17G3. Solomon Woodward. 

Holmes, Jacob* (Jacob', James'-, David'), b. Dec. 30. 1735. in Wor., 
d. Jan. 18, 1803; served in the Rev.; m. ( 1 ) in Bolton (record in Wor.), 
Elizabeth Gates of Harvard, July 3. 17<i; : m. (3) here Apr. o, 1781, 
Anna Harrington. Children bv 1st wife. b. here: Sarah, b. JtUy 12, 
1768; Elizabeth, b. Feb. -i-', 1770; Abigail, b. Dec. 10, 1771, m. April G, 
1794, Willard Morse of Upton ; Lucy, b. Aug. 30. 1774 ; Mary, b. Oct. 8, 
1776; Jacob, b. Nov. 8. 1778: Isaac, bapt. July 16, 1780. By 3d wife: 
Nancv, bapt. June 30. 1783; Katherine. 1>." Dec. 31, lT8.j, d'. Sept. 15, 
1805;' Sophia. "b. :\Iar. 30. 1788. 

Hood. — James Hood of Worcester was one of the fouuflers of Pel- 
ham in 1738. 

Houghton. — Maj. Le\i Houghton' (fames . fames-. Ralph'), b. Mar. 
3, 1738; d. 1818; m. Apr. 1. 1763^ Amy Richardson, b. Jan. 3. 1738. Both 
are buried in Lunenburg. They lived in Wor. during the Revolution and 
he was a soldier. Two children were born here: Levi. b. Mar. 8, 
1774; Samuel, bapt. July 28, 1776. 

Howe. — John' Howe, from whom most of the Worcester families 
of this surname descended, was born in Eng. and believed to be son of 
John How of Hodinhall, Warwickshire. He settled in Sudbury in 1638; 
was selectman in 1643 ; one of the founders of Marlborough and the first 
English settler there; a trusted friend of the Indians; d. tliere Mav 28. 
1680; his wife Mary d. in ttj^t. 

Howe (How). Col. Thomas- (John'), b. June 13. 165G, in Sud- 
bury; d. at Marlborough Feb. IG, 1733; m. . He and Sarah 

sold land here April 30, "for love" to Jos. I-t-Ugg of M. He m. (1) June 8, 
1681, Sarah Hosmer, who d. Apr. 7, 1734 ; m. (3) Dec. 34, 1742, Mary Bar- 
ron. He was one of the founders of this town. He kept a tavern 
many years ; was deputy ; colonel in the Indian wars. He convej'ed 
land here to son James, Dec. 5, 1731. Children, b. in Marlboro: Ta- 
bitha, b. May 20. 1684; James, b. June 22. 1685; Jonathan, b. April 33, 
1687 ; Prudence, b. Aug. 27. 1689 ; Thomas, b. June 16, 1692 ; Sarah, b. 
Aug. 16, 1697. 

Howe, James' (Thomas-, John'), 1). at Marlborough June 22, 
1685, d. here Aug. 17. 1734. He was one of the founders of this town; 
m. in 1710 Margaret Gates. Children, b. in Marl.; James, b. Jan. 4, 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



i:iv!: Abisha. b. Aug. 8, in;j; Thankful, b. lulv ;31, ITl.j; Margaret, b. 
Oct. i;J. 1:1:; Svbell. b. Mar. 2:i. \:W: Submit, b. July -^a, 1722; at 
Wor. : Zerviah, 1). Dec. 1, i:2C; Tabitha, b. Aug. 12, 1729, m. Sept. 24, 
1764, Edward Knight; Zube, b. Sept. 3, 1733. 

Howe, James^ (James-', Thos.-, John'), b. Jan. 4, 1712, at Marl., d. 
here Mar. 18. 17")."). aged 43 (g. s.). His first wife Hannah d. Mar. 10, 
173(i-7. His widow Rachel was appointed admx. Apr. 2, 1755. Chil- 
dren by 1st wife: Hannah, b. Jan. 27, 1736-7; by 2d wife, b. here: 
Sarah, 'b. April 14, 1742: James, b. July 14, 1743; Rachel, b. Jan. 24, 
1744-5; Margaret, b. Apr. 6. 174(;: Mansfield, b. Oct. 10, 1747; Abisha, 
b. Mar. 3, 1748-9; Abigail, b. Nov. 7, 1750; Abel, b. June 24, 1752; Mary 
and Zurviah. b, Feb. 8. 1754. 

Howe. Thomas"' (Thomas-. John' ). b. at Marl. June 16, 1692, d. Apr. 
2, 177 7, at Marl. His wife Rebecca d. at Marl. He owned land at 
Wor. He or his father Thomas deeded land here, March 5, 1729-30, to 
Jonathan Gates of Cambridge; and he deeded land April 10, 1731, to 
Isaac Witherbv in return for "four years of service." Children, b. at 
Marl.; Thomas, b. lune 20, 1710; Mary, b June 30, 1718; Ezekiel, b. 
June 29, 1720, m. May 20. 1740. Elizabeth "Rice ; Simon, b. Oct. 28, 
1722: Sarah, b. July 4,'l725; Rebecca, b. Aug. 16, 1727. 

Howe. Ezekiel* (Thos.-, Thos.-', JohnM. b. at Marl. June 29, 1720, m. 
May 20, 1740, Elizabeth Rice, dau. of Samuel and Abigail (Clapp) Rice. 
She d. here Sept. 13, 1776, (g. s.). He settled here when a young man. 
Children, b. here: Patience, b. June 10. 1742; Elizabeth, b. Feb. 12, 
1744; Ebenezer, b. Nov. 4, 1746; Joel, b. Nov. 2, 1748; Jotham, b. 
June 17. 17 50. lived in H olden, soldier in Rev., m. July 2, 1770, Dorothy 
Smith of Holden; Lucy, b. Apr. 20, 1752, m. Sept. 15, 1769, Jonathan 
Hunt; Rebecca, b. Apr. 3, 1754; Ezekiel, b. Mar. 20. 1756. 

Howe. Ebenezer'' (Ezekiel*, Thos.'', Thos.-, John'), had here by wife 
Elizal)eth a daughter Tamison, bapt. May 5, 1771. 

Howe. JoeP (Ezekiel*, Thos.^, Thomas-, John'), was b. in Wor. 
Nov. 2, 1748. He was a soldier in the Revolution. He m. here Oct. 18, 
1770, Molly Gates. Children, b. here: John, b. Apr. 10, 1771; Marcus, 
b. Apr. 9, 1773; Polly, b. Feb. 24, 1775; Lucy, b. Mar. 15, 1777; Betsey, 
b. July 28, 1779; Joel, b. Jan. 2. 1782, d. Dec. 16, 1782 (g. s.) ; Persis, b. 
Nov. 13, 1783; Joel, b. May 10, 1786; Sally, b, Oct. 10, 1788; Amelia, 
bapt. Apr. 27, 1794. 

Howe, Ezekiel'"' (EzekieP, Thos.", Thos.-, John'), b. at Wor. Mar. 
20, 1756; served in the Rev.; m. here Dec. 21, 1773, Mary Young. Chil- 
dren, b. here: William ; Mary; Asa, bapt. July 20, 1783; Ezekiel, bapt. 
Sept. 28, 1793. 

Howe, Eleazer, one of the early proprietors, seems not to have lived 
here. He bought land here of Jonathan Marble, Feb. 11, 1720-1; of 
Gershom Rice, Apr. 12, 1721 ; of David Shaw of Brimfield. May 29, 1722. 
He sold land, Dec. 25, 1722, to Alexander McKonkey of this town. He 
bought land, Jan. 9, 1728-9, of Ebenezer Rigelow. 

Howe, Jonas, a member of this family from Marlborough, had here 
by wife Lydia, dau. Alice, bapt. Sept. 23, 1750. 

Hubbard. — George' Hubbard, b. in Eng., came in 1633 and settled 
in Watertown in 1635 ; founder of Wethersfield, Ct. ; was a surveyor 
emploj'ed to lay out Windsor, Ct. ; deputy to the first Conn. General 
Court, 1638-9. His farm was located in what is now Glastonbury; later 
he went to Milford Island, L. I. Sound. He m. Mary Bishop, who died 
at Guilford, Ct., Sept. 14, 1675. He d. Feb., 1661. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 157 

Hubbard, John- (Geo.'), b. in Eng. lG;iO and came with his parents; 
ni. Marv Sheafc and lived for a time in Concord, afterward at Wetliers- 
field, Ct., Hadley and Hattield. He d. ITIV.'. 

Hubbard, Jonathan- (John-, (jeo.M. b. Wcthcrstieid. Lt., Jan. 3, 
1658-9; d. at Concord July 17, 17"3S. He was uuc of the tirst proprietors 
here. He settled in Concord as earl}- as as l(i80, and m. there. Jan. 
15, 1681, Hannah Rice, dau. of Samuel and Elizabeth (King) Rice. His 
son Samuel was ancestor of the Hubbards of Holdcn : his son Daniel 
settled in Wor. 

Hubbard, Cornet Daniel' (Jonathan'. John-, (jeo.'). b. at Concord 
Nov. 20, 1694; d. here April SS." IT.si; m. Dec. .'). 171:. Dorothv Dakin, 
b. 1098, d. Ai.r. 4, 1T69, (g. s.). ([.. ■2-24 (jen.). He settled here' in KSo, 
bought land of David Ha}-nes, May 17. 17-2ij. and of fames Hoklen. Dec. 
25, 1726. Children, b. at Concord: Dorothv, b. .\iar. 24, ITIO; Reu- 
lah, b. Dec. 28. 1720; Martha, b. Oct. 18. 1722; Rebecca, b. Tune 10, 
1724; Samuel, b. Jan. IS. 172.'). Born here: Luc\ . b. Sept. 2S, J727; 
Elizabeth, b. Oct. "2:5, 1729; Zurviah, b. Mar. :;i, f 7:!2 ; bmas. 1). Mav 
21, 1739. 

Hubbard, Capt. John* (J'jnathan, John-. <ie(j.'i. was b. at 
Concord Mar. 12, 1092-3, m. (1) Hannah Blood: (2) Azuliah Moore 
of Sudbury; lived in Worcester from 1717 tfj 1728, when he settled in 
Rutland; his wife Hannah d. in Wor. Sept. 18. 1727, (tirst gravestone on 
the Common). Children, li. here: Hannah, b. Sept. 29. 1717 ; Ellen, b. 

Dec. 19, 1718; Marv. b. 14. 1720; Mercv. b. Dec. 11. 1722; John, 

b. Aug. 27, 1724, d. Mar. 1. 1727-s. The Gen.' gives also: Abigail, m. 
Charles Heywood of Holden. and Esther m. Steiihen Church (p. 223). 
John is called "gentlem.an and iiuiholder" m deeds, fie sold land 
here Mar. 20, 1723-4, to Henrv Lee; to Gershom Keves of Shrewsbury, 
May 15, 1727; to Joshua Rice, May 21. 1729. 

Hubbard, Capt. Jonas' (Daniel^. Jonathan-. Tohn.-. Geo.'), b. iiere 
May 21, 1739, d. at Quel^ec. Dec. 31."i;7.">: ni. Mar. 7. 17.-)9. at Wor., 
Mary Stevens. Before the Re\-olution he was ensign in the militia. He 
became lieutenant of a company here and marchetl with it rni the 
Lexington alarm, being ap|)ointed captain soon after reaching t'am- 
bridge, and joined Arnold's expedition against Quebec. Ca])t. llubliard 
fell during the attack on Queliec during the last hour of 177."i. :uul died 
on a bed of ice during the liattle. after refusing to allow- his men to 
remove him to a place of shelter. His widow and children settled in 
Paris, Me. His widow Mary was appointed admx. Feb. (!. 177 7. Chil- 
dren, b. here: Reuben, b. Se|)t. 13, 1761. served in the Rev., d. Xor- 
wav. Me.; Levi, b. Dec. 19. 1762; Marv, m. Solomon Rixbee : Sallv, b. 
Oct. 25. 1767; Jonas, b. Dec. 19. 1770; Thaddeus. b. Sept. 7. 1772: .Abel, 
b. April 20, 1773; Artemas, b. Mar. 19, 1775. 

Hubbard, Levi" (Jonas-\ Danl.\ Jonathan-, John-, Geo.'i, b. here 
Dec. 19, 1762; d. Feb. 18. 1836: had Jonathan Phillips appointed guar- 
dian here Jan. 17. 1778. He served in the Rev. By wife Molly had 
here: Oliver. ba])t. Nov. 3. 1782. removed to Paris. Me.. rei)resenta- 
tive to General Court, senator. Congressman. 1813-5. state treasurer 
of Maine. 

Hunt. — William' Hunt. b. in Eng. 1605; came in H;:!5 ; settled in 
Concord: m. (1) Elizabeth Best and (2) Merc\- Rice of Marlbni-.High 
in 1667. 

Hunt, Samuel- (William'), b. 1633: m. Elizabetli Red<ling. 



IS8 HISTORY OF IV ORC ESTER 



Hunt. Saiiuiel iSaimitrl-. William' ). b. U\:>: : m. May 1. IGIS. Ruth 
Todd: (•.') :\Iary — . 

Hunt, Samuel* (Samuel". Samuel-. Wm.M. b. 16ID, d. Oct. 1:5. K3S ; 
m. (1) June 18. lliri. Sarah Stearns: [2) March ;n, ITOO, Ann Stickney ; 
lived in Tewksbury. 

Hunt. Samuel' (Saml.^ .Saml.\ Samuel-. W'm.M. 1). Sept. "^li. Kll: 
m. (1) Nov. i;i. i:40, Hannah Kimball: ci} Oct. 4, ITTS. Eunice Glea- 
son. I p. 82 Gen.). He came to Wor. about Kii'i. Children, b. at Lunen- 
burg: Samuel, b. Dec. ];•. i:41: Samuel, b. Se])t. 20, I'A'.i; Hannah, b. 
Jan. 3, 174(3: Jonathan: Perley. b. Nov. 2:!. KGO: Ebenezer. Horn 
here: David and Samuel, b. June 3. lT(i(i. 

Col. Ephraim Hunt, a member of the Worcester Committee, was 
born at Weymouth. 16.30. and died there in K13. son of Ephraim and 
grandson of the pioneer. Enoch Hunt, who came from Titenden parish, 
Lee, near Wendover, Berkshire, Eng., settled early in R. L. rem. to 
Weypiouth. Ei)hraim Hunt Sr. was born in Eng. KilO, and came with 
his father: owned land at Beaconsfield, Ruckshire. Eng.. 1640. 

Col. Ephraim Jr. was a soldier in the expedition to Canada in 1(590, 
captain of the Weymouth Co.. and in K3(i received a land grant for this 
service in what is now Ashfield : colonel of an expedition at Groton 
against the Indians in l^Oii-';. He was a dejtuty and member of the gov- 
ernor's council. He married Joanna Alcock. dau. of Dr. .\lcock. She 
died at Acushnet. ^Lar. 20. l":4t;. Col. Hunt left an estate valued at 
i2,298. There is no indication that he settled in this town or that his 
descendants lived here. 

Hutchinson. — A\'illiam Hutchinson of Boston o\\ned l:ind here, 
bought June 15, 1720, of Richard and Lydia Ward of Wor.. hut appar- 
ently did Udt settle here. 

Jennison. — Robert' Jennisun. I), in Eng.. d. July 4. Ki'.H); settled in 
Watertown in 1637 or earlier. His wife Elizabeth d. Oct. 30. 1638, aged 
30 V. His wife Grace d. Nov. 26. 1686. His will was dated Sept. 15, 
1688. 

Jennison. Ensign Samuel- (Rol.it.'). 1). 1645; m. Oct. :!0. KiGG,- 
Tudith Macomber. who d. ^lar. 1. 1722-;>. 

Jennison. Peter' (Saml.-. Robt.M. b. at Watertown Oct. 1. 1681. d. 
Jan. 17, 1723: his widow Jane m. Joseph Brooks, and had a son Joseph 
Brooks. 

Jennison. Capt. IsraeP (Peter', Saml.-. Robt.M. b. 17 1:! at Water- 
town: d. .Sept. 1!^', 1782 (g. s. I : m. (1) Feb.. 17:i!t. Mary Heyward. who 
d. here June 19, 1775 (g. s. ) : m. (2) Dec. 9, 1775. Margaret Coolidge of 
Lancaster. His son William was appointed admr.. Nov. 5. 1782: heirs 
mentioned in probate papers — Margaret. \\'i!liam. Samuel, .\bigail and 
Abel Stowell. He settled in this town before 1739. Children, born 
here: Marv. b. Aug. 25. 1739: Sarah, b. .\pr. 1:5. 1742: .\l)igail. b. July 
30. 1744. d.' June 29. 1798. unm.: Samuel, li. Dec. 24. 1745-(;. d. Nov. 
18, 1815 (g. s. ): John. b. Uilv 3. 1747, d. Jan. 15. 1755: Faith, b. Aug. 
30. 1751. d. Sept. '24, 1782": Relief, b. Aug. 30. 1751. m. .\hel Stowell: 
William, b. Apr. 13. 1758: Betty, b. Jan. 22. 1764. m. Peter Stowell. 

[ennison. Judge William' (Sam!.-, Robt.M. b. Oct. 17. 1676, at Wa- 
tertown: d. Sept. 19. 1741. His widow Elizabeth was appointed admx., 
Sept. 23, 1741. He left a large estate. She d. Dec. 2, 1766, aged 86 
yrs. He was one of the founders of this town. He bought land here 
Nov. 23. 1725. then being of !-^udl)ury. of Benjamin Townsend. and July- 



.4ND ITS PEOPLE 159 

11, 1728, of Peter Goulding of Dorchester. Cu. Berkley, S. C. He sold 
land here, Oct. 10, 1728, to John Clark. 

He was selectman ten years between I'.'i] and 1741: representative 
li31-2. He gave the land on which the first court house was built in 
1733. He was of the judges of the Inferior Court for the County of 
Worcester. He came to this town about 1726: he was in Sudbury 1726. 
Children: Samuel, b. May 10, i:01, d. Oct. 11, 1729 (H. C. 'l720) : 
Abigail, b. Dec. 17, 1702, m. Capt. Daniel Baldwin: Ephraim. b. July 

12, 1704: Lydia, b. Apr. 11, 1706, m. Luke Brown of Wor. ; Mary, b. 
Aug. 21, 1708 : Mercy, b. Mar. 9. 1709-10. m. William Johnson. 

A William Jennison by wife Mary had a son Samuel, b. here Nov. 
27, 174:1. He was doubtless related to the above. 

Johnson. — Solomon' Johnson, b. in Eng.. settled in Sudburv as early 
as 1639, and was a proprietor in 164."). 

Johnson. .Solomon- (SolomonV). b. in Eng.: shared in the dixision of 
the meadows at Sudburv, 16:)S: m. (2) 16.")4. Hannah Crafts: (3) Eleanor 



Johnson, John' (.Solomon-, .SolomunM. b. abuut 1030: m. in .Sud- 
bury, Nov. 19, 1657. Deborah Ward, dau. of William. They lived at 
Sudbury, Marlborough and Lancaster. 

Johnson. DanieP (John', .Sol.-. Sol.M, b. about 1675 in Marlborough; 
m. Deborah Lamb, who d. Jan. 7, 1760. They lived in Marll>orough. 

Johnson, Solomon" (DanieP, John', Sol.-, Sol.M. b, at Marl. Oct. 
13, 1698: settled in Tatnuck about 173], d. in Wor. 1793; m. Abigail 

and lived in Framingham until 1730: in Leicester, 1730-33 and 

afterward here. Children, b. at Framingham : Peter, bapt. July 7, 
1723: Daniel, bapt. .\ug. 1, 1726; Micajah, bapt. Aug. 27, 1727, m". Phebe 
Moore; John to whom his father, .Solomon, deeded land here May 26, 
1755. Recorded here: Abigail, b. July 20, 1731. d. 1744; Joshua, b. .■\pr. 
1, 1734, m. Lydia Brown: Beulah. b. Feb. 2, 1735-6: Samuel, b. Aug. 
21, 1738. The sons settled in Tatnuck. 

Johnson. Peter" (Solomon". Danl.^. |ohn'. Sol.-. Sol.M. bapt. at Fram. 
July 7, 1723, d. here 1798 (g. s.).; m! Oct. 11, 1758, at Wor. .Abigail 
Parks. His son Thomas was appointed admr. Xov. S. 1798. Children, 
b. here: Peter, b. Tune 25, 1761: Caleb, bapt. Dec. 15, 1765; Timothy, 
b. April 1, 1769: .Abigail, h. Dec. 24, 17 71: Thomas (Joseph Holbrook 
was his grandson ). 

Johnson, Thomas' ( Peter'', .Sol.', Danl.\ John'. Sol.-. Sol.M. was b. 
April 1, 1769. here and d. here July 12. 1734: m. :\Iar. 30, 1789, Susannah 
Eaton, dau. of Thomas and .Susannah (see Eaton). Her father was a 
soldier in the Revolution. Children, h. here: Thomas. 1). Sept. 8, 1789; 
Lewis, b. Jan. 19, 1793, d. March 30, 1830; Sarah Eaton, b. .\pr. 6, 1796, 
m. Seth Bannister of Bovlston : Peter, a lawyer, b. Julv 20, 1798, d. Jan. 
25, 1837; Marv, b. Mar. 22, 1803, d. Aug. 21,"l838: George Washington, 
b. May 2. 1806; Frederick, b. June 23, 1808: Tames M.. b. Feb. i;i. l.'^ll, 
d. Nov. 10, 1847. 

Johnson, George Washington' (Thomas", Peter'', Sol.^ Danl.', Sol.-, 
Sol.^), b. here. May 2, 1806, at Tatnuck: m. here Alona Walker, dau. of 
Silas of W. Bovlston. Children, b. here; Sarah Jane. b. Mar. 3, 1837, m. 
Ansel B. Howard: Lewis, h. June 15, 1840, m. Harriet Hubbard of 
Holden ; George Thomas, b. Oct. 29, 1844, died in the service during the 
Civil War (Co. C, 34th Mass.); Hannah, d. y. : William Walker, "b. at 
Sv. July 25, 1847 (see biograjibv): Xancv Adelaide: Alliert Charles, 
b.' 1857. 



i6o 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 




CHAMBF.RLAIX HOUSE. SALISBURY STREET 




HOUSE AT NORTH WORCESTER. 
One (if Oldest in Cit\-. 




OLD HOUSE ON JOHN HAMMOND PL.ACE. HKiHLAND STREET. 
Moved From Site ot Present Hammond House When That Was Built. 



AND ITS PEOPLE i6i 

Johnson, Capt. Micali" (or Micajah) (Solomon', DanieP, John^, Sol.'-', 
Sol.'), bapt. at Fram. Aug. •^?, 17^7; m. here May 8, 17.")4, Phehe Aloore, 
dau. David. His son Micah was appointed adnir. Apr. 7, 1<S0<!. He lived 
on Mill St., Tatnuck. His wife d. in KSOO. Children, h. here: Micah, 
bapt. March ;50, K.V"), m. (1) Nov. 13, J7:(j, Sarah Willard and (3) Abi- 
gail Dudley; Lydia, bapt. Oct. J, 17,'J5, ni. Dec. 2.j, 1777, Solomon Wil- 
lard; Isaac, bapt. Nov. Ki, 1757, d. Nov. 2(i, 1783 (g. s.) : Hannah, bapt. 
Aug. 22, 17f;2; Aaron, bapt. Feb. 10, KC"); Fhebe, bai)t. :\Iar. 22, 17()7; 
David, bapt. Oct. 14. 17 70. 

Johnson, Solomon'' (S(j1.\ Danl.*, John', Sol.-, Sol.'), was Ijorn about 
1737-8; m. Levina, and had here: Ashbel and Al)igail, 1). July 15, 1750; 
Uriah, b. June 28. 1752; Abel. bapt. June 24, 1753; Betty, bapt. Apr. 
30, 1755; Abel, baiJt. Aug. 7, 1757; Molly, bapt. Oct. 18. 17(il ; Ephraim, 
bapt. Dec. 1, 17()5; Polly, bapt. June 8, 17(i«; Zacheus. bapt. July 3, 1768. 

Johnson. Daniel" (Sol.\ Danl.'', Johir', Sol.-. Sol.'). ba])t. at Fram. 
Aug. 1. 172(i; m. Now lH. 1754, Lucy Lane of Hingham. His son 
Benjamin was a])poinied to administer his estate, Nov. 12, 1802, son 
Thomas, surety. Children, b. here: Welthean, bapt. Jan. 25, 1756; 
Daniel, bapt. May 29, 17 56, d. May 17, 180!l, aged 33 yrs. (had by wife 
Caty, son Lami)hear. who d. June 6, 1808, (g. s. ) ; Nathan, bapt. Jan. 14, 
1759, (soldier in the Rev.) : John, bapt. Dec. 28, 1760; Luc_\- and Lydia, 
bapt. Dec. 5, 17()2, at their mother's funeral. 

Johnson. John'' (Sol.". Danl.^ John-'. Sol.-. Sol.'), was b. I>efore 1730; 
received land here from his father in 1755; d. 1757: wife Susanna 
appointed admx. July 1, 1757. Children, b. here: Caleb, b. [une 10, 
1746; John, b. Mar. 31, 1748 (soldier in the Rev.) ; [onathan, l.i. |an. 27, 
1749-50; Beulah, l)apt. Nov. 18, 1751; Mary, b. Jaii. 7, 1154; Amos, b. 
Jan. 13, 1756 (soldier in the Rev.), d. 1825 here, intestate, had here by 
wife Rebecca — Sarah, July 15, 1781. and Polly, Nov. 26, 1783. 

Johnson, Joshua" (Sol.-\ Danl.', John''', Sol.-, Sol.'), was b. here Apr., 
1734; m. here Mav 28, 1758, Lydia P)rown. Children, b. here: Rebecca, 
b. Aug. 7, 1759; 'Anna, b. Mav 10, i;00; Levi, b. Mav 30, 1763; Re- 
becca, b. Apr. 4, 17(i4; Sarah, b. Mar. 24, i:6i;: Lydia, b. :\Iar. 18. 1768; 
Achsah, bajit. June 10, 1770; Joshua, lKi])t. |ul\- 12. 1772; fames Brown, 
bapt. July 10," 17 74. 

Johnson, William', was of Scotch-Irish stock, lie was a black- 
smith, living here before 1733. Robert Johnson of Rutland, ])erhaps 
his father, deeded June 26. 1749, to him land in Rutland that he bought of 
Jonathan Clark of Boston, June 21, 1743. William bought of John Oul- 
ton of Marblehead land in .South Wor., Sept. 20, 1733; this land was laid 
out to John Kellogg in a grant dated Aug. 1, 1736, and recorded Jan. 10, 
1733-4. William Dunlap, then of Watertown, later of Wor., deeded 
Jan. 10, 1733-4, land here to William Johnson and Robert Gray, and more 
land, Sept. 39, 1733-4. Johnson bought land in Rutland, Sept. 8, 1736, 
of Thomas Harmon of Rutland. Samuel Waldo of Boston deeded land 
here Mar. 18, 1736-7, to Hugh Kelso, James Furbush and William John- 
son. John and Moses Smith deeded to him land here April 19, 1737. 
Evidently he was closely associated with other Scotch-Irish. He died 
insolvent and intestate in 1757, and in his probate records are preserved 
the signatures of his creditors, a dozen autographs not to be found 
elsewhere (See 3;J, 730 A). By wife Mercv he had here: John, b. 
March 34, 1736 ; Eunice, b. Feb. 37, 1737 ; Wifliam, b. Aug. 18, 1741, who 
had by wife Sara. Nathan Baldwin, b. Feb. 16, 1777; Peter, b. Sept. 
14, 1746. 
W.— I-ii. 



i62 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Johnson, Hugh, probably son of WilHani, had here by wife Eliza- 
beth, son William, bapt. Nov. 25, 1/50. 

Johnson, Adam, of Worcester, was one of the founders of Pelham 
in 1738. 

Jones. — Lewis' Jones, b. in Eng. ; settled in Roxbury ; rem. to Wa- 
tertovvn about 1G51 : d. Apr. 11, 1684, leaving will, beq. to wife Ann and 
children. 

Jones, Capt. Josiah- (Lewis'), lived at Watertown Farms; was cap- 
tain; deacon of the Weston church; m. Oct. 2, 166T, Lydia Treadway, 
who d. Sept. 18, 1T43. aged 94 yrs. 

Jones. Xathanieb' (Josiah'-, Lewis'), b. at Watertown, Dec. 31, 1674; 
was perhaps the most extensive speculator in lands here, and it is inter- 
esting to note the number of his transactions. He was of Weston when 
he bought of James Holden land in Wor., Nov. 30, 1716, and of Isaac 
Leonard of Bridgewater, Alar. 27, 1717. He sold land here, Apr. 23, 
1719, to James AlcClellan. He bought land here of Josiah Rice, Jan. 14, 
1720-1 ; sold land here, Feb. 1, 1721, to James Dickson, "late of Ireland," 
and 64 acres, Apr. 5, 1721, to Ebenezer Bigelow, land on French River; 
land here to John Gray, Nov. 15, 1723. At this time he was called of 
Worcester in the deeds. He sold land here to John Stearns. Jan. 7, 1723- 
4, and again, Jan. 23; and bought more land. Jan. 26, 1724-5, of Ephraim 
Rice and, Apr. 27, 1725, 14 acres due the heirs of George Danson, from 
Palmer Goulding; also land from Thomas Rice, May 19, 1735. He sold 
to William Williams of Weston land here. May 28, 1725, and to David 
Baldwin of Sudbury, Aug. 20, 1725; to Gershom Keyes of Sy., Jan. 15, 
1727-8, and to John Kennedy, "late of Ireland, Co. Tyrone," Sept. 24, 
1729; to Ebenezer Bigelow, Sept. 30, 1729, (51 acres). 

He bought more land here, Sept. 25. 1729, of John Kennedy and sold 
land, Oct 15, 1729, to Thomas Palmer, and. May 5, 1730, to John Brown 
of Watertown. For many years afterward his name appears frequently 
as grantor and grantee. His wife Mary d. here Nov. 21, 1724. He 
removed to Falmouth. Me. (Portland) and d. there in Nov., 1745. He is 
said to have had five wives. Children, b. at Weston : Phineas, b. Feb 
28, 1704-5; Nathaniel, b. Apr. 5, 1707, at Leicester; Stephen, b. Aug. 17, 
1709, captain in F. & I. War; Noah, b. Nov. 26, 1711 ; Jonas, b. Apr. 22, 
1715, at Shrewsburv : Ichabod, bapt. Alav 16, 1717. Born at Wor., by 
wife Mary: Mary,'b. Aug. 10, 1719; Isaac, b. Oct. 14, 1722; Eunice, b. 
Nov. 2], 1724: Lusire (or Desire), b. Nov. 21, 1724. Bond gives also 
as his children: Sarah, Lucy, Moses, Lydia and Jabez. 

Jones, Lieut. Noah' (NathanieP, Josiah-, Lewis'), b. Nov. 26, 1711; 
m. Rebecca Hey wood, dau. of Daniel (see guardian papers of her son 
Noah). She d. Jan. 12, 1771, in her 46th yr. (g. s.). He d. here July 
6, 1781, aet. 70. He was first keeper of the Jones Tavern beyond New 
W^orcester from 1760 to 1781. He was lieutenant of a detachment from 
Col. John Chandler's regt. on the relief expedition to Ft. William Henry 
in 1757. Children, b. here: Mary, b. Jan. 19, 1745-6, m. Jan. 10, 1764, 
Josiah Harrington Jr.; Phinehas, b. Jan. 10, 1747-8, m. here Apr. 21, 
1772, Katherine Gates; Rebecca, b. Jan. 7, 1749-50, m., Nov. 5, 1777, 
Daniel Stone of Charlton; Lydia, b. Jan. 5, 1752, m., Aug. 10, 1770, John 
Pierce ; Samuel, b. Mar. 9, 1754, (served in the Rev.) ; Abigail, b. Feb. 34, 
1756; Noah, b. Sept. 12, 1758, guardian apptd.. May 14, 1777, m. 
Apr. 25, 1781, Deborah Holbrook ; William, b. Nov. 8, 1760; Timothy, 
b. July 22, 1762, m. at Sutton. Jan. 7, 1790, Hannah Hutchinson; Asa, b 
Apr. 12, 1765. William, Asa and Noah went to Shoreham, Vt., 1786. 



.■iXD ITS PEOPLE 



163 



Jones, Phinehas^' (Xoah\ Nathaniel', Tosiah-, Lewis^), b. here Jan. 
10, lT-ir-8; d. intestate, March 22, 1814, a"et. 6(! vrs. (g. s.). His wife 
Katherine dechned to administer and his son John was appointed admr., 
June 20, 1814. He m., April 21, 1"2, Katherine Gates. He was sergt. 
in Capt. David Chadwick's Co., and marched to Hadley on the Benning- 
ton alarm, ITTT. He was chief marshal of the military celebration on 
the anniversary of the Declaration of Independence in Wor. 1789 ; select- 
man 179(3-:. He also kept the Jones tavern near Xew Worcester. Chil- 
dren, b. here: Phinehas, b. Mar. 23, 1773: Jabez, b. Nov, 28, 1774; 
Archibald, b. Oct. 2, 1776; Ashley, b. June 29, 1778, d. at Savannah, Ga., 
Mar. 23, 1801; Sarah, b. Nov. 9, 1780; Ensign Erasmus, b Julv 2 1784 
d. here Sept. 29, 1811 ; John, b. July l:i, 17S6; Polly, b. Aug. 17; 1789. 

Jones, William ('■Tory") was son of William Jones, a merchant of 
Boston, who bought land here Aug. 28, 1724, of Henry Lee. He kept 
a tavern on what is now ,Main St., nearly opposite Chatham St. His inn 
was a favorite resort for the Tories of the town and here was entertained 
Capt. Brown and Ensign De Bernicre of his majestv's troops sent hither 
by Gen. Gage in tlie spring of 1775, as noted elsewhere. He m. Sarah 
Curtis, dau. of Capt. John. His will, dated April 22, 1777, was proved 
July 4, 1780, bequeathing to wife Sarah and children— Ezra, William, 
Jesse. Joseph Buckminster, Catherine Goldsmith, .Abigail Warren. Sarah 
Hartshorn, Frances Dutch and ^Marv. 

Jones, Phinehas^ (Nathaniel, Josi'ah-, LewisM. b. Feb. 28. 1704-5, 
was here for a time. He bought land, Aug. 22, 1720, of Gershom" Rice. 

Kathan.— Capt. John' Kathan, b. 1707, in Ireland or England, came 
with the Scotch-Irish to this town before 1729; m. Martha, a sister of 
Capt. Fairbank Moore ; was first settler of Dummerston, formerly Ful- 
ham, \ t. An account of the capture of his wife is given in 'Hall's 

Eastern Vermont. He m. (1) Elizabeth . His wife Martha d. 

Sept. 22, 1760; he m. (3) Mary Wright, a widow. Feb. 10, 1767. He d 
at Dummerston, Nov. 23, 1787, in his 81st yr. (See Hist, of Dummers- 
ton in \ t. Gazeteer by Heminway). Children, b. here: Alexander b 
Apr. 22, 1729; Margaret, b. Oct. 6, 1730, (both bapt. here) (records from 
Bible): John, b. Jan. 7, 1732, d. June 3, 1802; Marv. b. Oct 18 1734 
m. Col. John Sergeant, Dec. 16. 1760; Martha, b. Mav 8, 1736 m ^sa 
Holgate; Daniel, b. Feb. 1, 1741, m. Ruth Barrett. 

Kathan, Alexander- ('John'), b. here April 22, 1729; d. at Dummers- 
ton, Feb. 14, 1825. It is said that he was born on the vovage hither, 
but his birth is recorded in Wor. Alexander left an account of his arrival' 
from Worcester, May 1, 1761; moved to log house Nov., 1702, and to 
frame house Nov. 6, 1783; the Kathans were the second family in that 
town. He m. Margaret Baird. b. at Leicester. Aug. 21, 1732, d' July 14, 
1803. He m. (2) Mary Hart Davenport, who d. June 22, 1830, aged 98 
yrs., 3 mos. Children, b. here: Molly or Mary, b. Oct. 8, bapt. Nov. 
21, 1750, m. Elihu Sargent; John, b. here Oct. 12, 1758, bapt. Oct 15 
d. Apr. 10, 1833, (dates from Bible): Daniel, b. Oct. 15, 1700, m. Olive 
Lane. Born at Dummerston: Thomas, b. Apr. 30 1764 d Tulv 15 
1838: Elizabeth, b. Dec. 25, 1767, d. Jan. 13, 1828. ' '' ' 

Kelly. — The Kelly family appears to be transient. Lawrence m 
Mar. 12, 1770, Mary Lovis (?); Mary Kelly (Killey) m. Jan. 11, 1757, 
James Trowbridge. A Kelley family came to the colonies early with 
the English emigration. The ancestor was John of Newbury, who came 
before 1636. Various branches located in Wor. county. 

Kelso.— Hugh' Kelso, one of the Scotch-Irish settlers, brought his 



1 64 HISTORY Of IV ORG ESTER 

family here with him. He was a wheelwright. His will, dated June IT, 
1737, was proved Aug. Ki following, bequeathing to wife Sarah and chil- 
dren — Matthew Gray, (son-in-law). John. Jean or Joan, Sarah. Susanna 
and Mary. 

Kelso. John- (Hugh^), b. about 1730. m. here Sarah Crawford. Chil- 
dren, b. here: Sarah, b. Sept. 2, 1757 ; Hugh, b. Feb. 25. 1759. (served in 
the Rev.), m. Apr. 1, 1789, Lucretia Oak; Adam, bapt. June 23, 1760; 
Margaret, b. Apr. 15, 17fi], m. Phinehas (ileason. Mar. .'Jl. 1779; Lydia, b. 
May 19, 1763; Anna, bapt. May 26, 1765; Dolly, bapt. Nov. 6', 1768; 
Molly, bapt. Dec. 3, 1769; Susanna, bapt. Nov., 1770: William, bapt. 
Apr. 3. 1774; James, bapt. Mar. 30, 1777; Betsey, bapt. Oct. 25, 1778. 

Kennedy. — John Kennedy is described in a deed from Nathaniel 
Jones, Sept. 24, 1729, as "late of the kingdom of Ireland, Co. 'Taroan' 
(Tyrone) now in New England." He bought for £1.700 a tract of 556 
acres on Sutton Lane, built a sawmill and gristmill. His place, was on 
the Blackstone River. James and William Kennedy, doubtless his sons, 
served in the Rev. 

Kennedy, John- (John'), lived here, but no further record of others 
■of the family has been found. He served in the Rev. He m. (1) Mary 
His second wife Abigail d. June 6, 1830. aged 94 yrs. Children. 



<i • 



b. here: Abigail, bapt. Sept. 27, 1767; Molly, bapt. June 11, 176 
Anna. bapt. Sept. 1, 1771; Sally, bapt. Sept. 4, 1774. 

Keyes. — Gershom Keyes lived in Shrewsbury, but was an early ])ro- 
prietor of this town and often bought and sold land here. Before 1 730 we 
find eight deeds. He sold to Daniel and Andrew McFarland of Marblehead 
a large tract in the south part, Oct. 26, 1727; to Henry Lee, land here, 
Dec. 29, 1727; to Richard Wheeler land on the south side of the Rut- 
land Rd., Nov. 20, 1730. In the meantime he bought land here of Rich- 
ard Wheeler, Jan. 10, 1727-8; of Andrew Gardner. May 6. 1727; of 
John Hubbard, May 15, 1727; of Rev. Andrew Gardner of Lunenburg, 
April 20. 1727. and of Nathaniel Jones, Jan. 15. 1727-8. 

Killogh. — John Killogh was one of the proprietors of Worcester at 
the permanent settlement, but left town about 1720. By wife Jean he 
had here: Rachel, d. Dec. 15. 1717. (the first death after permanent set- 
tlement of town) ; Samuel, b. Dec. 8, 1718-19 (sic) ; John, b. May 3, 1720. 

King. — Thomas' King, b. in Eng., was of Sudburv in 1642; wife 
Ann d. Dec. 24, 1642. He m. (2) Dec. 26, 1655, Bridget Davis, widow 
of Robert, and she d. Mar. 1, 1685, a widow. 

King, Thomas'- (Thos.^), b. at Sudbury Dec. 4. I(i42. 

King, SamueP (Thos.-, Thos.'), m. Abigail . Children, b. at 

Sudbury": Ezra. b. May 22, 1697; Mindwell; Samuel, b. Mar. 24, GOl ; 
Thomas, h. Mar. 25, 1703; Edward, b. Aug. 4. 1705; Elizabeth, b. .Apr, 
29, 1707; Peter. 

King, Ezra^ (Samuel'. Thos.-, Thos.'), settled early in this town and 
bv wife .Silence had: Abigail, b. Oct. 23, 1720; Jonas', b. Oct. 13, 1722; 
William, b. Oct. 24, 1724; Mary, b. July 9, 1726; Ezra, b. May 3, 1728. 

King, Peter* (alias Rice) (Samuel-', Thos.-, Thos.'), settled with 
his brother Ezra, coming from Sudbury. He m. (1) at Weston (recorded 
in Wor., too). Mar. 25. 1723, Elizabeth Graves. He returned to 
Sudbury about 1725. He was of Sudbury Feb. 10. 1724. when he 
bought land here of Benj. Flagg. He had previously bought land of 
Flagg Aug. 2, 1720. Children, b. here by 1st wife: Samuel, b. Dec. 
8, 1720; Benjamin, b. Mar. 25. 1722. At Sudburv: Elizabeth, b. June 
22, 1725; Abigail, b. Apr. 20, 1728; Ebenezer, b. Jan. 26, 1729-30. 



AXD ITS PEOPLE 165 

Kingsbury. — Joseph Kingsbury, (ancestry not traced), d. Feb. lo, 
bSl."), aet. ()8. His wife Margaret d. here Mar. 14, 18U(i, aet. 'A. Ohver 
Kingsbury, their son a schoohnaster here several years, d. here Nov. 1, 
ISO!), aet.' 2 7 (g. s.). 

Kingsbury. Lt. Joseph'' (Ebenezer\ Josejjh', Joseph-, Henry'), b. 
.\]<v. ir, 1:53;' d. Apr. 13, 1808; m. Feb. 21, KSO, Lois, dau. of Jonathan 
and Lois Richardson: was soldier in the Revolution in N. Y. and N. J.; 
wife d. Ma.\ 20, 1814; m. (2) Alar. 18, 1816, Sarah Wood, who d. Dec. 
1:, 1843. 

Kingsbury, Oliver'' (Lt. Josejjh', Ebenezer*, Joseph-', Joseph'-, Hen- 
rv'). b. at Coventry, Ct., June 24, 1 T82 ; settled here; was school-master, 
much esteemed; d. here Nov. 11, 18011; m. (1) Apr. 28, 1803, Cynthia 
Quig of Windsor, Ct. ; and she m. (2) Shul)ael Brewster of Coven- 
trv, Ct. Children, b. here: Maria, b. ALiv 12, 180(5; Oliver Richmond, 
b.'Mar. l.'), 180:i. 

Knapp. — William' Knapp, b. in Eng., came in 1()30, settled at Wa- 
tertown : d. -Aug. 30, Ui58, aged 80 yrs. He was a housewright. 

Knap]), lohn- (William'), b. Eng. I(i24, carpenter, m. May 25, l(j<iO, 
Sarah Young. 

Knapp, John^ (John-, Wm.'), b. at Watertown May 4, 10(51. lived 
in Newton; m. Aug. 4, 1(586, Sarah Parks; he d. 173;!. Children: John, 
b. Dec. 11, 1(588; James, b. Feb. 4, l(5i)0-l. 

Knapp, James* (John', John-, Wm.'), b. at Newton, Feb. 4, 1690-1; 
m. (1) Apr. 2. 1713, Elizabeth Bond, who d. Jan. 12, 17ir)-6, dau. Dea. 
Wm. ; m. (2) Oct. 10, 1716, Mary Fiske. He was a potter by trade. 
He was an early settler here, and one of the first projjrietors. Lived 
on what is now the A. S. Lowell })lace. No. Worcester. He bought 
land here Aug. 16, 1717, of Henry Lee and had a grant Nov. 22, 1718, 
of 75 acres (2d division) on Mill Brook; bought land, March 7, 1726, of 
Thomas Gleason. He sold land. May I), 1720, to Thomas Earned; to 
Isaac Sawyer of Watertown, .\pril 3. 1721 ; to Richard Temple, June 
4, 1726. By 1st wife he had Jonathan, b. Oct. 23, 1714, at Watertown. 
Born here: Abijah, of Marlboro and .\thol, b. Oct. 2, 1717, m. Abigail 
Ward; Mary. b. Dec. 16, 1719; Benjamin, of Sturbridge. b. .A.ug. 31, 
1721; James, of Medway and Sturbridge, b. Oct. 27, 1723: Elisha, b. 
Dec. 6, 1725. Bond gives also: Elizabeth, b. May 15, 1729: John, b. 
Oct 31, 1731, of Petersham and Spencer. 

Knight. — Joseph' Knight, b. in Eng, settled in Woburn ; d. Aug. 13, 
1687. His wife Hannah d. Jan. 13, 1695. 

Knight, Edward-' (Joseph'), b. Aug. 31, 1677, at Woburn: m. July 
13, 1699, Joanna Winn, who d. Dec. 18, 1721; m. (2) July 17. 1722, 
Elizabeth Russell. He settled in middle life in Worcester and d. here 
in 1762. His will dated Feb. 5, 1758, was proved June 22, 1762, bequeath- 
ing to grandson .\sahel Knight, only son of his daughter Lucy, deceased, 
and others. Children by 1st wife at Woburn: Joanna, b. Dec. 20, 
1699, d. v.; Joanna, b. Mar. 31, 1701, d. v.: Joanna, b. 1703: Edward, b. 
April 7,'l706, d. y. ; Edward, b. lulv (;,'l708: Josiah, b. Mar. 25, 1710; 
Lucy, b. Nov. 3()", 1712; Daniel, "b. Dec. 20, 1715; Timothy, b. Dec. 2, 
1717; James, b. Mar. 25, 1720 (non-comp.). Bv 2d wife at Woburn: 
Elizabeth, b. July 7, 1723; Joanna, b. Apr. 1<;, 1725; Sarah. 1). Mar. 25, 
1727; Jonathan, b. Nov. 22, 1731. 

Knight, Edward'' (Edward-. Joseph'), b. July 6, 1708; m. Joanna 

; (2) Tabitha . He died here insolvent and his heirs all 

sign the will, which mentions wife Tabitha; Rhoda Oaks, Lucy, Re- 



i66 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

becca, Dorcas, Josiah, Artemas and Thomas. Children, b. here, by wife 

Joanna: Rhoda, b. April 14, 1735; m. Oaks; Abijah, b. Mar. 6, 

1736, d. Oct. 20, 1740; Lvdia, b. Jan. 17, 1738, d. unm. Oct. 21, 1740; 
Josiah, b. Apr. 10, 1741 ; thomas, b. Oct. 5, 1743 (soldier in the Rev.) ; 
Timothy, b. Mar. 10, 1745; Reuben, b. Jan. 15, 1747; Artemas. b. Feb. 
15, 1749 (served in the Rev.) ; Lucv, bapt. June 7, 1752; Rebecca, bapt. 
Feb. 23, 1766. 

Knight, DanieF (Edw.^ Jos.M, b. at Woburn Dec. 20. 1715; had by 
wife Jerusha in this town: Elizabeth, b. Oct. 28, 1744, d. unm. Jan. 11, 
1816 (g. s.); Daniel, b. Sept. 4 or 8, 1746; WilHam, b. Jan. 8. 1748-9; 
Edward, b. Oct. 29, 1751; Sarah, b. April 24, 1753; Mollv, b. Sept. 15, 
1756; Relief, b. Dec. 24, 1757; Reuben, b. Aug. 22, 1760. 

Knight, Josiah* (Edw.^, Edw.=, Jos.^, b. here Apr. 10, 1741, m. here 
Nov. 8. 1768 (or Apr. 6, 1769), Anna Wellington. Children, b. here: 
Sarah, b. Dec. 26, 1769 ; Josiah, b. Dec. 30, 1771. m. Sarah Bangs, at Har- 
wich, Apr. 9, 1798; Lvdia, b. Apr. 6, 1774; Betsev, bapt. Apr. 28, 1776; 
Anna, b. Jan. 7, 1779; Abijah, b. Jan. 8, 1782; Benjamin, b. Julv 6, 1784; 
Gardner, "b. Feb. 17, 1787. 

Knight, Edward "Jr."* (Daniel', Edw.^ Jos.^), b. here Oct. 29, 1751, 
d. here, Sept. 15, 1819, aged 69 vrs. He m., Nov. 2, 1773, Elizabeth 
Flagg, who d. Feb. 3, 1793; m. (2)' Feb. 13, 1796, Sarah Jenkins of Town- 
send. He was a leading Whig, and in 1774 was paid by the govern- 
ment for conveying secretly to Boston four cannon. He was a soldier in 
the Revolution in Capt. Chadwick's Co. on the Bennington alarm. Chil- 
dren, b. here: Josiah, 1). Apr. 6, 1775; Abel. b. Feb. 1, 1777: Eliiah, b. 
Tune 12. 1780; Mollv, 'b. Apr. 7, 1782; Jonathan, b. Jan. 26, 1786;' John 
Heath, b. Dec. 20, 1790, d. v. Bv 2d wife : John Heath, b. Aug. 8, 1797 ; 
Jerusha, Mar. 29, 1798. In liis will dated June 23, 1817, proved Nov. 2, 1819, 
he bequeathed to wife Sarah and to children Abel, Elijah, Jonathan, 
Josiah, Polly Flagg, and her children William Heath and Caleb Strong 
Flagg. 

Knight, Jonathan-' (Edw.-, Jos.V), b. at Woburn Nov. 22, 1731 ; m. 
in Shrewsburv Oct. 20, 1756, Jemima Keves. Children, b. here: Sam- 
uel, b. Aug. io, 1757: Bettv, b. Aug. 18.' 1759; Joel, b. Nov. 11, 1761; 
Jesse, b. Sept. 21. 1763; Abel. bapt. Mar. 9, 1766;"Seth, b. May 24, 1767; 
Jonathan, bapt. Nov. 17, 1771, d. v.; Jonathan, bapt. Mav 9,'l773. 

Knight, William* (Daniel\ Edw.-, Jos.^). b. here Jan. 8, 1748-9; 
soldier in the Rev. ; had here bv wife Susanna : Sukev. bapt. June 3, 
1787; William, bapt. May 25, 17*88. 

Knight, Thomas* (Edward', Edw.-, Jos.*), b. Oct. 5. 1743, here; 
m. Mar. 22, 1775, here. Sarah Hair. Children, b. here: Betsev, b. Nov. 
15, 1775; Mollv. b. Oct. 14, 1777, d. Sept. 19, 1783; Artemas, b. Oct. 12, 
1778; David Thayer, b. Jan. 1, 1783; Suea (?), b. July 17, 1785. 

Knight, John, of Worcester, b. about 1720, probably came from 
Sudbury^, descendant of Joseph of Woburn. He m. at Concord, 
Mar. 29, 1743, Experience Ball of Concord. Children, b. here: Isaac, 
b. March 26, 1745; John, b. July 21. 1746, d. Feb. 15, 1756. 

Knight, Isaac- (John*), b. here Mar. 26, 1745 ; soldier in the Rev. : d. 
here Feb. 7, 1812; m. Rebecca Cree of Shrewsbury, Jan. 24, 1776, and 
had here: Richard, b. Oct. 18. 1777; Joshua Cree, b. Oct. 23, 1782; 
Rebecca, b. Jan. 23, 1786; Lucy, b. Aug. 4, 1788; Ruth, b. Aug. 26, 1803. 

Knower. — George* Knower, b. in Eng. 1607, d. Feb. 13, 1674-5. His 
will, Dec. 3, 1674, states his age as 67 yrs. He m. (1) Sarah Winslow, 
dau. of John ; (2) Elizabeth . 



AND ITS PEOPLE 167 



Knower, Jonathan- (George'), b. 1645, d. Oct. KJ, 17<!-<!, aged TT 

yrs. He m. (1) Sarah Stevens; {-i) Mary . They hved at 

Maiden. 

Knower, John'' (Jonatlian-, George'), h. at Mahlen, Mar. 11, 1689, 
m. EHzabeth . 

Knower, John^ (John-. Jonathan'-, Geo.'), h. at Maiden Feb. 28, 
1733-4, d. Septl 14, 1T.58. He m. Phebe Sprague, June IT. 1T46. 

Knower, John^ (John\ John^ Jnth.-. Geo.'), b. at Maiden Jan. T, 

1746-7; soldier in the Rev. from Wor. ; d. at Sy. 1817: m. Jane 

who d. here, Nov. 57, Ls;.!]. aged 82 vrs. (g. <. 1. Thev had" here John, 
b. Feb. 12, 1774. 

John Knower^ bought, Jan. 5, 1782, of tlie iieirs of Mary Sigourney 
land" on the Great County Road adjoining land of Timothy Paine on 
Milestone Hill. His brother Thomas' bought land in Petersham, Dec. 
3, 1771, being then a resident of Rutland, a carpenter. John Knower 
died intestate and his widow Jane was appointed admx.. Mar. 8, 1814. 
His son John also died here, intestate, in 1831. 

Knox. — Eliza T. Reed married Henry Jackson Knox, son of Gen. 
Henry Kno.x of Revolutionarv fame, in 1803 and was divorced on account 
of intemperance. He was born in 1780, died 1832. She lived in Ux- 
bridge after her divorce : then became housekeeper for Isaiah Thomas. 
She was a woman of more than ordinary ability and culture. She died 
Dec. 23, 182o, aged 41 y. and her body was placed in the Thomas tomb. 

Lawrence. — John' Lawrence, d. here Jan. 4. 1S42; Alpheus Merri- 
field was appointed admr. William Eaton "deimses that Lawrence was a 
soldier and pensioner of the Revolution ; "never knew of wife or child." 

Samuel Lawrence (ancestr}' not traced) was here before 1752; he 
and wife Hannah received from Hannah's father and mother. John and 
Marv Tatman, a house and land, May 18. 1^52. Samuel and Hannah 
mortgaged their place. Dec. 31, 1754, to John I'.oyden of Wor. By wife 
Hannah he had here: Samuel, b. Sept. 30, i;52: Edward, b. Oct. 15, 
1754; Daniel, bapt. June 12. 1757: Lucy, bai)t. July ^. i;5'.t: child bapt. 
Nov. 8, 1761; Simeon, bapt. Apr. 10, 17G3; James, 1). May 5. 1765. 

Lawson. — John Lawson settled in Worcester early; may have been 
Scotch-Irish. David Lawson settled in Grafton and Petersham. John 
had here by wife Janet: Rebecca, b. Aug. 4, 1720: Isabel, b. Mar. 26, 
1722. He left town soon afterward. 

Lee. — John' Lee (or Leigh), b. in Eng., settled in Ipswich: m. Ann 
Hungerford, who d. Sept. 30, 1684. 

Lee, Joseph- (Tohn'), b. at Ipswich. Oct. or Nov., 1643. d. at Con- 
cord, Nov. 4, 1716." He m. (1) Mary Woodis ; (2) Mary (^Miles) Wig- 
ley ; (3) Mary Fox, who later m. Daniel Hoar. Lee settled on the 
Woodis farm in Concord in 1695. (See p. 97 Gen.). 

Lee, Henry^ (Jos.,-, John'), b. at Ipswich Ma}- 16, 16s6; m. Rebecca 
Heywood, b. May 13, 1686, d. May 20, 1725. dau" of John: m. (2) Dec. 
25, 1725, Catherine (Scarboro) Payson. Lee was one of the most prom- 
inent settlers of this town. He was a proprietor and bought and sold 
much land. He bought. Oct. 11, 1717, land here of Benjamin Flagg; 
Mar. 20, 1723-4, of John Hubbard ; Mar. 20, 1723-4, of James Rice ; Nov. 
17, 1734, of Josiah Rice; Sept. 27, 1735, of William Payne of Boston; 
March 26, 1726-7, of Robert Gray; Feb. 24, 1727-8, of Samuel Cole, 
mariner, of Boston, and wife Mary. He sold land here, Feb. 8. 1717-8, 
to Benjamin Flagg; Aug. 15, 1717, to James Knapp of Newton: Mar. 
14, 1723, to Estes Hatch of Boston; Jan. 3, 1723-4. to John Stearns; Jan. 



1 68 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

4. lT"^;i-4, the original grant of Thomas Brown of Cambridge to Robert 
Peel)les : Aug. 5y, V.'iA, to William Jones, merchant, Boston; Feb. 18, 
]73(). to Thomas Fitch, (signed by wife Katherine); Dec. 25, 3724, to 
Col. Thomas Fitch, Boston; Sept. 25, 1725, to Jonathan Waldo of Bos- 
ton. Afterward he had many more transactions. He came to this 
town in 1717. He died intestate in 1745-6. Children: John, b. 1712; 
Abner, b. 1714; Rebecca, b: 1716. At Worcester: Benjamin, b. Jan. 

3, 1717-8; Mary, b. Feb. 17. 1720, m. Brigham : Ann, b. Apr. 10, 

1722. m. Wheeler; Submit, b. May 10, 1724, m. Benj. Maynard ; 

Jemima, m. Joseph Miles; bv 2d wife : Henrv. b. Oct. 26, 1726 ; Samuel, 
b. May 2:3. 1728; Ezekiel, b.' Oct. 15, 1730. the Lee Gen. adds : Lucy, 

m. Densdell ; Charles, b. 1734; William, b. 1736; Joshua, b. Oct. 

11. 1740. 

Lee, Richard, a soldier of Burgoyne's army, sent here as a ])risoner, 
had by wife Martha: Mary. b. Nov. 4, 177:. ' 

Lee, Thomas (ancestry not traced) had here bv wife Sarah: Mary, 
bapt. Dec. 31. 1758. 

Leonard. — Solomon' Leonard (or Leonardson) was b. in Eng. The 
surname like many others was variously spelled — Lenner. Lenorson, 
Lennard, Lenard, etc. It may have been Leonardson properly, but the 
shorter form Leonard came into general use in a few generations in most 
branches of the family. He settled at Duxbury before 1638; his estate 
was settled on his sons Samuel, John and other children, Oct. 27, 1675. 

Leonard-, Samuel, and his brother Jacob- (Solomon'), were among 
the proprietors of Worcester in the second settlement. Samuel had a 
40-acre lot on which he was living Aug. 1, 16'J2, when he and others peti- 
tioned the governor and council for leave to maintain a garrison house 
here. He was then constable; he was here in 1695. He came from 
Bridgewater. of which he was also a founder. He was driven away by 
the Indians in 16!)7. He m. (1) Abigail Wood, dau. of John Wood of 
Plymouth. They had four children: Mary, Mercy, Elizabeth and Sam- 
uel Jr. Their home was on high ground overlooking Lake Quinsiga- 
niond. His brother Jacob's lot was west of his and later became the 
Benjamin Flagg place. Plantation St. In the fall of 1605 the son Sam- 
uel Jr. was captured by a band of Indians and became historically 
famous bv participating later in the exploit of Hannah Dustin. (See 
p. 280, \'ol. X.W, Proc. Wor. Soc. Ant.). 

Soon after the son was taken, the Leonard family located in Pres- 
ton. Ct.. now Griswold, where Samuel Jr. d. May 11, 1718, leaving three 
sons and two daughters. Samuel Sr. d. after 1720. 

Leonard, John- (Solomon'), b. at Duxbury 1645, d. 16!)!); m. Sarah 
(Chandler?); lived at Taunton and Bridgewater. Children: Samuel, 
John, Jacob, Isaac. Solomon and Mary. 

Leonard. Moses^ (John". Sol.'), b. about 1680, took a prominent part 
in the third settlement of the town. His grant of 30 acres was next the 
Taylor farm on Lake Q. (1714). He had a 2d div. in 1715 of 75 acres. 
His brother Isaac of Bridgewater deeded land here to Nathaniel Jones 
of Weston, March 27, 1717. Moses being then of Marlborough, bought 
of his Uncle Jacob of Bridgewater. land here. May 9. 1717; more land 
of Daniel Shattuck, Dec. 20, 1721; of Andrew Ferrand, Dec. 26, 1727, 
and of Elisha Rice. May 11. 1725. He sold land here. June 12, 1717, to 
Benj. Flagg. Dec. 30. 1725. to John Clark; Jan. IS, 1722-3, to Thomas 
Palmer, Cornelius Waldo and John Oulton, his wife Hannah also signing 
the deed; July 15, 1729, his homestead to Benjamin Townsend of Brook- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 169 

field; June Ti, Wii't. to Daniel Ward; May i:i, 1725, to Jonathan Fiske, 
also signed by wife Hannah. He moved to Hardwick about 1735. 

He m. (1) Mercy Newton, b. Feb. IG, 1(585, dau. of Moses and 
Joanna (Lakin) Newton: m. (2) Aug. 8, 171(), Hannah Witherbee, dau. 
of Dea. John and Lvdia (Woods) Witherbee of Marlborough. She was 
b. Aug. 4, KiTT, d. Sept. T, 1751. He m. (;5) Sarah Hall, wid. of Thos. 
He lived in Marlborough, and Southborough, coming to Wor. in 1717. 
Children, b. at Alarl. by 1st wife: Moses, b. Nov. 1, 170(), d. Oct. 24, 
1788; Ezra, b. Sept. I'J, 1711, m. Olive Smith of Hardwick, res. Barre ; 
Mercv, b. Dec. 1, 1714, m. Samuel Rol)inson. P>v 'id wife: Jonas, b. 
Oct. Ill, 1717. Born here: Andrew, b. Nov. 20, 1719. 

Leonard, Aloses* (Moses\ John^ Sol.M, b. at Marl. Nov. 1, 170(5; 
d. here Oct. 24, 1788 (g. s.). He m. ( 1) Harriet Beulah, who d. Dec. 4, 
1780; (2) Hannah (Gassett) Rice. He lived at Worcester, Brookfield, 
Rutland and Barre. He sold land in Wor. in 1738. He was a cord- 
wainer. Children, b. here: Beulah, b. Oct. 28, 1735; Moses, b. Jan. 
17, 173(5-7; Mercy, b. Dec. 27, 1738; Samuel, b. Nov. 12, 1740 (soldier 
in Rev.); Lucy, b. Mar. 31, 1743; Jonas, b. Sept. 9, 1745; Francis, b. 
July 23, 1747; Noah, b. Nov. 25, 1750; John, b. Mar. 28, 1753; Sarah, 
b. Dec. 13, 1755. 

Learned. — Thomas Learned of W'atertown was a proprietor of the 
town, but did not remain here. He was of W'atertown, May 13, 1717, 
when he bought land here ; he also bought land of James Knapji, July 29, 
1720 (mortgage); and of the same man. May 19, 1720; of Daniel Bige- 
low, May 19, 1725. He sold land here, Maj' 19, 1725, to Daniel Bigelow 
and in that deed is called of W'atertown. This land was on French 
River. 

Lincoln. — The account of the life and family of Gov, Levi Lincoln, 
as given here, has been co])ied almost verbatim from the "Genealogy 
of the Waldo Family" by Waldo Lincoln. In some respects the Lin- 
coln family was of first importance in the town of Worcester, though it 
is not one of the oldest families here. It was established here before the 
Revolution, and perhaps no .\merican family has a larger percentage of 
men distinguished in public life in town, state and nation. When Mar- 
tha (Waldo) Lincoln died, "she was followed to the grave by two sons, 
who were then governors of the States of Massachusetts and Maine and 
by another son and son-in-law, who were Senators of Massachusetts and 
a brother who had held the same station. Her husl)and was formerly 
Attorney General of the Cnited States, and afterward Lieutenant Gover- 
nor and Acting Chief Magistrate of Massachusetts. 

SamueP Lincoln, the immigrant ancestor, came from Hingham, 
Eng., in 1(537 and settled in Hingham in this colony, after living in 
Salem for a short time. His brothers Daniel and Thomas and several 
other relatives also settled in Hingham. He was a weaver, farmer and 
mariner. 

Lincoln, Samuel- (SanuieP). was .bajjt. in Hingham Aug. 25 1(550; 
m. Apr. 29, 1(587, Deborah Hersey, daughter of William and Rebecca 
(Chubbuck) Hersey. She was b. at Hingham Jan. 1, Ui55-(j ; d. Apr. 28, 
170(i. He was a soldier in K. P. War; a cornet in rank; carpenter by 
trade; selectman. He died March — . 1720-1, at Hingham. 

Lincoln, Jedediah-^ (Samuel-, Samuel'), b. at Hingham, Oct. 2, 1(592; 
m. (1) Jan. 9, 171(5-7, Bethia Whiton, dau. of Enoch and Mary (Lin- 
coln) Whiton. She was b. at Hing. Jan. 20, 1G94-5, d. Sept. 24, 1734. 
He m. (2) June 10, 173(5, Mrs. Mary '(Jacob) Barker, who d. Nov. 22, 



I70 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



1TT5. She was widow of Francis Barker of Pembroke. Jedediah was a 
glazier and farmer; town constable in 1730. He d. Sept. 23, 1783. 

Lincoln, Enoch* (Jedediah"', Samuel-, SamueP), b. at Hing. Jan. 22, 
1720-21; d. June 12, 1802. at Hingham ; m. (1) Dec. 30, 1745, Rachel 
Fearing, who d. May lU, 1782, dau. of Nathaniel and Sarah (Johnson) 
Fearing, and he m. (2) May 6, 1784, Mrs. Lydia (Hobart) Ripley. He 
was selectman 1754-5-6 and 81 ; representative to the General Court 1775- 
1778. Children, b, at Hing.; Bethia, b. Sept. 28, 1746, m. Jonathan Thax- 
ter; Enoch, b. Jan. 9, 1747-8; Levi, b. May 15, 1749; Rachel, b. May 27, 
1751, m. Jacob Thaxter; Amos, b. Mar. 18, 1753, took part in the Boston 
Tea Party, captain in the Revolution; Sarah, b. Oct. 29, 1754, m. Daniel 
Cushing; Ezra, b. Nov. 2G, 1756; Leah, b. Dec. 3, 1758, m. Hawkes 
Fearing: Jedediah, b. Nov. 1, 1760; Abraham, b. Sept. 5, 1762; Mercy, 
b. Feb. 5, 1764. m. (1) William Vinal, (2) Isaac Riddle. 




LIXCOLX MANSION, ELM STREET. 

Lincoln, Hon. Levi^ (Enoch*, Jedediah^, Samuel-, Samuel'), b. May 
15, 1749, at Hingham; d. Apr. 14, 1820, at Worcester. The following 
sketch of this distinguished man is from the "History of W^orcester" by 
his son William, an eminent antiquary and historian ; extracts are also 
taken from the "History of Hingham" by Solomon Lincoln, and from 
an address before the members of the Worcester Countv Bar bv Joseph 
Willard (1829). 

Levi Lincoln, third son ot Enoch Lincohi, was bound apprentice to an ironsmith, 
Jeremiah Lincohi of Hingham, his father being unable to afford liberal education to 
all his children, and unwilling to bestow peculiar advantages on one. 

"Indications of talent, and of strong inclination for literary pursuits, were early 
exhibited. While he yet wrought at the anvil, he indulged the taste for reading in the 
hours allotted for sleep, and devoted a portion of the night to the study of Latin and 
Greek languages. Sedate and thoughtful manner, and diligence and capacity in the ac- 
quisition of knowledge interested others in his w-elfare ; he was assisted to abandon 
the forge and after si.x months preparation entered Harvard University, where he was 
graduated in 1772. Originally intending to adopt the clerical profession, his purpose 



AND ITS PEOPLE 171 

was changed by an accidental visit to the courts, when the eloquence of the elder 
Adams threw its power over the pending cause. 

He commenced the study of law with Daniel Farnhani, Esri., in Xewburyport, 
where he staid a year, and then completed his novitiate in the ofiice of Joseph Hawley 
of Northampton, distinguished as jurist, statesman and patriot. 

In April. 1775, he marched as volunteer with the miimte-nien to Cambridge: as the 
emergency of danger which called for the service had passed, he returned; was admitted 
to the bar in Hampshire and immediately established himself in Worcester. A wide 
and clear field for the exertion of talent was presented. The principal men of the 
county had espoused the cause of the royal government, and been driven from their 
homes or deserted their country. Two lawyers only remained at the bar when the 
temples of justice were reopened in 1775, after having been closed by the tumult of 
arms for a year, (Judge John Sprague of Lancaster and Joshua Upham of Brookfield). 
Decision of character and energy of purpose, capacity to lead, and popular address soon 
gave him prominent station. Introduced into extensive business, he still devoted his 
talents to the cause of independence, and immediately became an active member of the 
committees of the Revolution. Animated appeals to patriotism in written addresses, 
and printed communications to the newspapers of the town, attest the ardor of his devo- 
tion and the powerful expression of his pen. When the courts commenced, after their 
suspension, in Dec. 1775, he was appointed clerk. ■ In Jan. 1777, on resigning, he was 
commissioned by the e.xecutive council Judge of probate and held the office till 1781, 
wdien it was relinquished in consequence of interference witli professional engagements. 

In 1779 he was specially designated to prosecute the claims of government to the 
large estates of the refugees confiscated under the Absentee Act; and was Commis- 
sioner to expedite the payment of the Continental tax. He was dele.gate of the town 
to the convention in Cambridge for framing a state constitution. In Feb. 1781 he was 
elected by the Legislature under the Confederation, representative in the Continental 
Congress, but the honor was declined. In 1783 he was called by the Supreme Court to 
the degree of Barrister-at-Law, a judicial distinction only conferred on himself and 
Judge Sprague in the county, after the Revolution. In 1796. he was representative in 
the General Court: in 1797, member of the Senate of the Commonwealth; and e.xerted 
strong influence in the legislative action, particularly in the modification of the judicial 
and school systems. In the autumn of 1800. although his democratic principles were 
known to be opposed to those of a majority of the electors, he was returned represent- 
ative to the Seventh Congress, and was chosen to supply the vacancy occasioned by 
the resignation of Hon. Dwight Foster at the then next session. He was selected, soon 
after taking his seat, by President Jefferson to form one of his cabinet. On the 5th 
March. 1801. he was appointed .Attorney General of the L'nited States and was provi- 
sional Secretary of State until the arrival of Mr. Madison at the Federal city, in May 
following. The duties of the former charge separating him from his family, it was 
resigned, after nearly four years service. "I received last night." writes Mr. Jefferson, 
Dec. 28. 1804. "your letter, proposing to resign your office ; and I received it with real 
affiiction. It would have been my greatest happiness to have kept together to the end 
of my term our executive family ; for our harmony and cordialty have made us but as 
one family. . . . You carry with you my entire approbation of your official con- 
duct, my thanks for your services, my regrets on losing them, and my affectionate 
friendship." 

In the spring of 1806. he was elected member of the Council of Massachusetts. In 
1807 and 1808 he was Lieutenant Governor of the Commonwealth. On the decease of 
Governor Sullivan in Dec. 1808. he discharged the duties of Chief Alagistrate for the 
remainder of the term of office. He was nominated for election as Governor in 1809. 
but in tlie revolution of party, his competitor Gov. Gore prevailed. He afterward 
declined being a candidate, when the ascendency of the political principles to which 
he adhered, would have rendered success more sure. In 1810 and 181 1 he was again 
Councillor. 

In 181 1 he was appointed by President Madison, Associate Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the United States, and Mr. Madison in a most flattering letter urged his ac- 
ceptance, but weakness of sight, terminating in almost total blindness, rendered it neces- 
sary to decline even such solicitation, and to retire from public life. Partial restora- 
tion of vision enabled him to resume the cultivation of the farm and the classical 
studies, both subjects of passionate attachment, and among the fields and with the 
pages of his favorite Latin authors, to alleviate the infirmities of decaying health and 
pressing age. 

The number of important offices which Mr. Lincoln filled give some indication of 
the estimation in which his talents were held by the people, and by some of the most 
distinguished statesmen of the country. He was learned in his profession and. in his 
addresses to a jury, eloquent and sometimes irresistible. As a statesman he was fear- 



172 HISTORY OF IV ORC ESTER 



less and independent, and obtained respect- by his energy and decision of character, 
and not by the practice of any arts to secure popular favor and public admiration. 

For a period of nearly forty years, says Mr. Willard. he was in active life, and 
bore a leading part amid vast and important changes in our community, such as none 
of the present generation can be called on to witness. He was without question at the 
head of the bar from the close of the Revolution till he left our courts at the com- 
mencement of the present century. His professional business far exceeded that of any 
other member of the bar. He was retained in every case of importance: and for 
many years constantly attended the courts in Hampshire and Middlese.x. His great 
command of language, his power in searching out the truth from unwilling witnesses, 
in analyzing, arranging and presenting to the mind the evidence of the case, rendered 
him a highly popular advocate, and gave him great success in jury trials. Wide read- 
ing and extensive practice constituted him a learned jurist. 

He was one of the original members of the American Academy of 
Arts and Sciences, trustee of Leicester Acadeiny, first president of the 
Worcester Agricultural Society and associate of many useful institu- 
tions. The following obituary appeared in The .S]>y. Apr. 2i\. 18".i(), a 
few days after his decease: 

With perhaps but one or two exceptions, we have now followed to the tomb the 
last of that illustrious band of Statesmen and Lawyers who laid the foundation of that 
admirable system of government and laws, which for forty years have afforded security 
and dispensed blessings to our Commonwealth. Their works form for them collec- 
tively, a monument durable to our liberties: but without the aid of some faithful biog- 
rapher, what will posterity know of many of them individually? Our Law Reports 
have indeed, "erected a frail memorial" for those who have been accidentally named 
in them — but those whose plastick hands formed and matured the majestick fabrick of 
our laws and liberties, who gave the first practical construction to our Constitution, 
will soon be remembered no more. 

While we are protected and comforted by its shade, it certainly would be an in- 
structive as well as a curious employment to trace from the acorn the gradual develop- 
ment and growth of the majestick Oak. under whose branches we sit. The few sur- 
viving contemporaries of Cushing, Dean. Parsons, the Strongs, Sewall, Sullivan, Lin- 
coln and their companions, owe it not only to posterity, but to the greater part of the 
present generation to place upon record the history of their lives, particularly those 
instructive and interesting anecdotes that connect them with the great history of the 
country. Few of our lawyers and divines are acquainted with the fact that the arbi- 
trary encroachments of the Royalist Clergymen in the year 1776. were first success- 
fully resisted here and that too by Mr. Lincoln, that it was probably his exertions that 
first defined and settled the often conflicting interests of minister, church and parish. 

How few of our rising politicians have been taught that the first practical com- 
ment on the introductory clause of the Bill of Rights was first given by a Worcester 
jury: that it was here first shown by the irresistible eloquence of Lincoln that all men 
were in truth born free and equal, and that a Court sitting under the authority of our 
constitution could not admit as a justification for an assault, the principle of master 
and slave: that it was the memorable verdict obtained upon this trial which first broke 
the fetters of negro slavery in Massachusetts and let the oppressed go free. This deed 
of Judge Lincoln, even if it stood alone, ought to consecrate his memory with every 
freeman. 

More than eighty years later the glorious achievement thus recorded 
as l)egun, in favor of the emancipation of the slave, by one descendant 
from .Samuel Lincoln, the Hingham settler, was completed by another 
descendant, .Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States. 

He married, Nov. 'i'>. )',S\, (int. at Lancaster, Oct. ."i, 1T<S1), (by 
Rev. Timothy Harrington) at Lancaster, Martha Waldo, dau. of Daniel 
and Rebecca (Salisbury) Waldo, b. Sept. 14, 17(n. in Boston, d. Mar. 
28, 1828. in Wor. (See Waldo). She is buried in Rural Ceineterv. 

Children, b. here: 1. Levi, b. Oct. 25, 1782. 2. Daniel Waldo, b. 
Mar. 2, 1784, d. .\])ril 17, 181,-), in Wor. unm. (H. C. 1803); read law 
with his father, practiced in Portland and Boston ; county attorney of 



AND ITS PEOPLE 173 

C'unibcrland County : "An (iration dt'livcred at Worcester July 4. 1805, 
and one liefore the Hunker Hill .Monument Assn., luly 4, ISIO, are the 
only printed memorials of the splendid genius he possessed." :l. Martha, 
b. (Jet. 1!). KS."). d. Apr. 1!», IS'^':;.'. at Charlestown : m. Leonard Moody 
Parker, a lawver, State Senator, etc. 4. lohn Waldo, li. [une "^3, 1787. 
5. Enoch, b. i)ec. '^S. Ks.s. (;. Waldo, b. July in. i;:h); d.Ang. ■.'."), 179.5. 
7. Rebecca, b. Jan. 11, \]'.i'2: m. Rejoice .Xewlon (ip \'.). S. Waldo, b. 
Jan. 8. 17i)!). d. same day. !i. W.aldo. 1\ .\pr. ".'(i. isod, d. .\ng. i:!, Iso:;. 10. 
William, b. Sejit. 2ii. 1801. 

Linccdn, Hon. Levi'' (Hon. Levi'', Enoch\ Jedediah'. Samuel-'. Sam- 
uel' ), I), here Oct. 55. i:8-.3 ; d. here May 'i'-K lS<i8. He graduated at Har- 
vard College, ISO-^: studied law and was admitted to the bar in Wor- 
cester in 1805. He was elected to the state senate in ISl'..;. In 1814 he 
was elected representative to the General Court from the town of Wor- 
cester and continued to l)e re-elected until 18'.;'^, e.xcept three \ears, when 
he declined being a candidate. In 18",;".i he was Speaker of the House. 
In 1820 he was a member of the convention to amend the state consti- 
tution. In 18"v'o he was elected lieutenant goxernijr and the same year 
was chosen one of the presidential electors ;m<l cast a vote for John 
Quincy Adams. In 18'^4 he was api)ointed an associate justice of the 
Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, but held this office for but a 
short time, being nominated and elected in 18'.'5 governor of Massachu- 
setts, receiving 35.000 out of M^.OOO votes cast. He entered up(Mi the 
duties of this office on the last Monda_\' in May, lSv!5. and was cimtinu- 
i_>usly re-elected governor for eight years, until ls:!4. wht-n he volun- 
tarily withdrew from being an}' longer a candidate. 

In 1834 he was chosen representati\e to Congress and was re-elected 
to the two succeeding Congresses. In 1841 In- was appointed Collector 
of the Port of Boston b_\' President Harrison, and held that office till 
Sept.. 1843. He was again state senator in 1^44-45; in 1848 he was 
appointed by the Legislature a |iresiflential elector and was chosen to 
preside over the Elector.il College. In I8(i4 he was for the third time 
chosen elector. In 1S48 lu- liecame the lirst mayor of the cit\- of Wor- 
cester. For '58 yt-ars. l8'.'4-55, he was jjresident (if the Worcester Agri- 
cultural Society and the numlier of local offices and ap])ointments which 
he held is legion. He received the degree of LL.D. from Williams 
College, in 18".i4. and from Harvard in 18-.'i;. For a detailed sketch of his 
life and character, see "Menujir of Hon. Levi Lincoln" ])id)lished bv the 
Mass. Hist. Society; and "A Memorial of Le\i Lincoln" prepared In' the 
family: also Lincoln's Worcester Historv {\>. 'i'-',]). 

He married. .Sept. 0. 180";, here. Penelope Winslow .Sever, li. July 
21, 1781), d. Apr. 2. ]S',->, descendant of Gov. Edward Winslow of Ply- 
mouth, who came in the MavHower. .She was a daughter of William^ 
(William', Nicholas'. Caleb'-. Robert'), and Mary (Chandler) Sever of 
Kingston and Worcester. (.See Chandler fam.). Children, b. here: 
Sarah Warren or .Sarah .Sever, bapt. Mav 'i. 1808. d. aet. 11 davs : Levi, 
b. Aug. 22. 1810. d. Sept. 1, 1845, unm. : William Sever, b. Nov' l^^;, 1811. 
d. Nov. 8. 1889: Daniel W''aldo, b. Jan. 1(1. 1813, d. July 1. 1880; Pene- 
lope Sever, b. July 1. 1815. m. Mahlon Dickerson Canfield : CJeorge. 
b. Oct. 19. 181(i. d". Feb. 2:',. 1847; Anne Warren, b. Aug. 28, 1818, d. 
Jidv 24, 184(), imm. ; fohn Waldo, name changed to Edward Winslow, 
b. Dec. 2. 1820. d. Dec. 15, 189(;. 

Lincoln. John Waldo'' (Hon. Levi'. Enoch'. Jedediah. SamueP, 
Samuel'), b. June 23, 1787, here, d. Oct. 2, 1852. here, unm. He was 



174 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

a mercliant in Worcester, retiring in 1822, and during his whole hfe was 
identified with the public interests of this town. He was captain of the 
Wor. Light Infantry at the time the company was stationed near Boston 
for the protection of the coast during the War of 1812. He was rep- 
resentative in 1825-0 and state senator 182T to 1833. From 1844 to 1851 
he was sheriff of the county and established the chapel in the jail. 

He was the first president of the Worcester Gaslight Company ; pres- 
ident of the Wor. Agricultural Society and founder of the Orphans' 
Home now Children's Friend Society, to which he gave liberally (a 
house and land. Shrewsbury St., 1851). 

"He was a man of strongly marked character, but of kind feel- 
ings and enduring friendships." He exerted a great influence in the 
legislature and accomplished his many objects with such judgment, tact 
and energy as to command the admiration of all. As sheriff he took an 
active interest in inspiring the moral as well as ameliorating the physical 
condition of subjects of legal restraint, and established the jail chapel 
with religious services. His portrait is in the possession of the Chil- 
dren's Friend Society. 

Lincoln, Enoch" (Hon. Levi% Enoch'', Jedediah^, Samuel-, SamueP), 
was b. here Dec. 28, 1788; d. Oct. 8, 1829, at Augusta, Me. He entered 
the sophomore class of Harvard in 1806, but left during his senior year, 
and studied law with his brother Levi, being admitted to the bar of this 
county in 1811. He began to practice at Salem, but removed a 3-ear later 
to Fryeburg, Ale. In 1815 he was appointed deputy U. S. Dist. Atty., 
and in 1818 was elected to Congress. In 1819 he removed to Paris, Me., 
and continued to practice law, representing the district of Oxford in the 
national legislature luitil 1S2G. when with great unanimity he was elected 
go\'ernor of ]\Iaine, and re-elected the two succeeding years. In the 
spring of 1829 he declined again to be a candidate, intending to retire 
to his farm, but before the expiration of his term he visited Augusta to 
deliver an address at the laying of the cornerstone of the capitol, and to 
address the students of the Female Academy. He fell ill, went to the 
home of a friend, and died there three days later. He was never mar- 
ried. His portrait is in the capitol at Augusta. 

Lincoln, W'illiam'' (Hon. Levi", Enoch^, Jedediah'',, Samuel-, Sam- 
uel' i. was b. here Sept. 26, 1801, (W'or. records say 1802); d. Oct. 5, 
184:3. in this town. He graduated at Harvard in 1822 ; studied law in the 
office of his brother Levi and was admitted to the bar of this coimty 
1825. He was interested in anticjuarian research and was at various 
times librarian, corresponding secretary, secretary for domestic cor- 
respondence and member of the committee of publications of the Aineri 
can Antiquarian Society. He was a voluminous and ready writer, at one 
time editor of the National ^Egis, and with Christopher Columbus Bald- 
win published the Worcester Magazine and Historical Journal, which 
reached only its second vokmie, but contains much historical matter 
relating to Wor. County. In 1836 he published a "History of Worces- 
ter," a very complete and accurate history of the town from its settle- 
ment to that year. From 1832 till his death he was secretary of the 
Wor. Co. Inst, for Savings. From 1835 to 1840 he was a representative. 
In 1838 he was appointed a trustee of the State Lunatic Hospital at 
Wor. ; he was a member of tlie Mass. Hist. Society. 

"He was of medium height, of well-built frame and sprightly gait 
with keen and twinkling eyes and dignified and affable manners." He 
was never married, though at one time engaged. The only portrait of 



AND ITS PEOPLE 175 

him was a miniature, which at one time was in possession of his 
betrothed, hut no trace of it has been found for many years. 

IJncohi, Abraham^ (Enoch*, Jedediah-', SamueP, SamueP), was born 
at Hingham Sept. 5, 1763; died July 2, 1S24, in Boston, whither he had 
gone to attend a meeting of the Governor's council, of which he was a 
member. He removed to Worcester soon after his brother Levi and 
became an apothecary, generally going imder the title of "Doctor." 
"Carl's Tour in Main Street" chapter v, says: "There was a wooden 
building standing at tlie southwest corner of Lincoln Square, about 
where the bank wall now terminates in front of the court house. It 
was then a grocery ; Ijut my father said that it had been noted for many 
years in his day as the headquarters of the democratic politicians of 
Worcester. Dr. Abraham Lincoln, he said, kept an apothecary shop 
there, and there the politics of the day were discussed. My father said 
that Dr. Lincoln loved politics and segars equally well ; and all day long 
he would sit with his heels up, smoking his much loved 'Indian weed.'" 

Under the federal administration of President Adams, Mr. Lincoln 
was supervisor of the revenue for Worcester count}-. About 1801 he 
became attached to the dominant anti-federal party and was placed at the 
head of the municipal concerns of the town as chairman of the selectmen, 
a station to which he was annually elected from ISOO to 1824. He also 
represented the town in the State legislature, serving as representative 
continuously from 180:i to 1823, and the last year was elected to the 
State senate. In J 820 in comjiany with his nephew Levi, and Edward 
D. Bangs he Avas elected a delegate to the State constitutional con- 
vention. 

He married at Worcester, Jan. ] . K8I, Xanc}'. daughter of Timothy 
(Daniel'', Joshua'-, John'), and Anna (Andrews) Bigelov.' of Worcester, 
born here Jan. 2. ITiiS; died in W'orcester April 29, 1838. Children, 
born here: Nancy, b. July li), i;88, d. Dec. 3, 1872, at Shrewsbury, 
unmarried; Sarah, b. Dec. 7, 1"89, never married; Harriet, b. Apr. 29, 
1791, m. (1) Francis Whitnev, (2) Tyler Bigelow ; Andrew, t). fan. 2, 
1794, d. .\ug. 27, 1790 : Charlotte, b. July 25. 1797, d. Sept. 9, 18(;(i, unmar- 
ried. (From mss. of Lincoln Genealogy). 

Lincoln, John* (Samuel', Samuel-', Samuel'), b. at llingiiam Aug. 
14, 173o, d. at Hingham June 3. 1811. He m. at Hingliam Aug. 5, I'W. 
Lydia, dau. of Joseph and Ruth (Wilson) Jacob of Hingham, b. 1739, 
d. Nov. 6, 1830, at Hingham. He was a private in 175(5 in the French and 
Indian W^ar, and served throughout the Revolution, attaining the rank 
of Captain. He probably lived but a short time in Worcester. Child 
born here: Lydia, b. June 30, 1762. 

Lincoln, William Sever' (Levi", Levi'. Enoch', Jedediah', Samuel-, 
Samuel'), born at Worcester Nov. 32, 1811, d. there Nov. 8, 1889, m. Oct. 
23, 1835, at W. Elizabeth, dau. of George Augustus (Joseph^, Joseph*, 
John''', Joseph", John') and Louisa (Clap) ■Trumi)ull of W., 1). at W. Aug. 
31, 181G, d. here Feb. 15, 1900. 

General William Sever Lincoln, widely known and among the best 
loved of Worcester citizens, died at his home in this cit}- on November 
8, 1889. Few men of his time equalled General Lincoln in service ren- 
dered to his municipality and nation, nor were there many who had the 
same undivided confidence of the population at large, regardless of poli- 
tics or creed. 

General Lincoln was the second son of Governor Levi Lincoln of 
Worcester. He was educated at Bowdoin College and later studied law, 



176 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

being admitted to the bar in 1833. After practicing in Millbur\- for a 
short time he went west and settled in Alton, 111., where he rose to be 
city attorney. 

He returned to Worcester in 1844 and devoted himself to agricul- 
ture. At the same time he entered into the municipal activities of the 
community and lent himself and his business judgment to assist in main- 
taining the heart of the commonwealth as the best city in the country. 
He served in the Board of Aldermen in 1856, was city marshal in 1859 
and was once candidate for mayor. He was also active in the affairs of 
the Worcester Agricultural Society, serving as its president for four 
years. 

However great his services in these lines. General Lincoln achieved 
his greatest fame and following in the military. He joined the Wor- 
cester Light Infantry when it was organized in 1830. He became cap- 
tain of the company in 1832 when he was still a youth of twenty and 
was further honored two years later with election as lieutenant-colonel 
of the Sixth Regiment, M. V. M. At the outbreak of the Civil War, 
General Lincoln was one of the first to offer his services and in his 
official capacity as a lieutenant-colonel he recruited the famous 34th 
Regiment of Massachusetts \ olunteers. Leading this regiment. General 
Lincoln saw active service in many of the most important battles of the 
Rebellion. He was wounded several times, made prisoner and started 
toward the confines of Andersonville when he in company with two 
other companions made one of the most daring and sensational escapes 
of the war. For his brilliant service in the two first years of the strug- 
gle. General Lincoln was made a colonel and was breveted a brigadier 
general in 18H5 for meritorious service in the Shenandoah \'alley cam- 
paigns. 

At the close of the war, General Lincoln returned to Worcester 
where, after recovering his health in part, he resumed business, serving 
for a time as internal revenue collector for the Worcester district. 
Children: William, b. Sept. 25, 1839, d. Aug. 13, 1869, unm. : Levi, b. 
Apr. 27, 1844, m. Mary Susan Mavnard ; George Trumbull, b. Feb. 
5. 1847, d. Feb. 7, 1869, unm.; Winslow Sever, b. Oct. 31, 1818, m. Helen 
Blake Webber. 

Lincoln, Daniel Waldo' (Hon. Levi", Levi'', Enoch*. Jedediah^, 
Saml.-, Saml.M. was born here January 16th, 1813, died July 1, 1880. He 
was graduated at Harvard College in 1831, John Lathrop Motley, Wen- 
dell Phillips and the late Dr. Shurtleff of Boston being members of the 
class. He was admitted to the bar in 1834, and after practicing for a few 
years, turned his attention to horticultural pursuits, for which he had a 
decided taste, and for a number of years managed an extensive nursery on 
Pleasant St., between Piedmont, Austin and Bellevue streets, until his 
connection with the Boston and W'orcester railroad as director, in which 
capacity he continued until the consolidation of the Boston and Worcester 
and Western railroad as the Boston and Albany in 1864. He was then 
elected vice president and continued in the office until 1878, when, upon 
the resignation of the president, Chester W. Chapin of Springfield, he 
was elected president, an office which he held at the time of his death. 
That his life was a busy one is best shown by its record. He was a 
member of the legislature in 1846, a member of the board of aldermen 
in 1858 and 1859, and mayor in 1863 and 1864. He was also president of 
the Worcester Coimty Horticultural Society, a director in the Worcester 
and Citizens banks, a trustee of the Worcester County Institution for 




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Savings and of Rural Cemetery, and a menilier of the American Anti- 
quarian Societ.v, chairman of the Sinking Fund commissioners of the 
city, and chairman of the supply committee of the Church of the Unity. 
His interest in the state militia was always active, and he was one of 
the most zealous supporters of the Worcester Light Infantrv. He was 
its seventeenth captain, having early become a member of the organi- 
zation, and a member of the Veteran organization to the time of his 
death. He was elected an ensign March l.j. is;i: : lieutenant lulv i, 
183T; captain April 28, 18;i8, serving with great credit and honor'tilf his 
resignation, February 11, 1841. As commander of the Infantrv at the 
time of the organization of the Worcester Guards, in 1840, organized 
as a Whig n;ilitary company in a time of great political excitement dur- 
ing the memorable presidential campaign of that year, he was the only 
Whig in politics who remained in the old organization. At the time of the 
departure of the Infantry at the opening of the War of the Rebellion in 
April, 1861, Mr. Lincoln took an active and prominent part for the pro- 
motion of the welfare of its members, and commanded the home com- 
pany which took its place during the absence of the active companv, in 
the old 6th Regiment. Xo citizen of Worcester was more vigilant than 
he, especially during the two years of his mayoralty, in the promotion 
of every object in his power to sustain the interests of the countrv during 
those trying hours when recruits were needed for the service, and sup- 
plies were needed for their maintenance. 

Mr. Lincoln married at Wor., Xov. 30. 1841, Frances Fiske, b. at 
W.Oct. 5, 18U), d. Apr. 8, 187:;, at Boston, daughter of the late Francis 
Taliaferro and Mary ( Buckminster ) Fiske. ChUdren, b. at W. : Fran- 
ces Merrick, b. July 1. 1843, living at W.. unm, : member of the Society 
of Colonial Dames and the Worcester .\rt Museum : :\Iarv Waldo, b. 
Sept. 15, 1845, m. Joseph Estabrook Davis; Anne Warren b Feb' 6 
1848, d. July 2]. 1849; Waldo, b. Dec. .31, 184;t. 

A New London dispatch to the Spy gives the following particu- 
lars of the accident that caused the death of Mr. Lincoln; 

The only sad occurrences of regatta day was the painful accident on tiu> Xortheru 
Railroad, which resulted in the death of President D. W. Lincoln of the Boston and 
Albany Railroad and Airs. Dr. Wm. .\ppleton of Boston. It appears that Mr. Lincoln 
and Mrs. Hammond were seated on the rear platfonn of tlie private car of Mr. Lin- 
coln, which was attached to the moving grand stand, watching the race. The car was 
ne.xt to the forward engine of the train. Soon after the tram started, when the first 
race was begun, the coupling pin connecting the private car with the platform car in 
the rear broke m twain. The forward engine, released of the heavy weight it was 
dragging, shot rapidly ahead, and the shock threw Mr, Lincoln and Mrs. Appleton upon 
the rails. The forward wheels of the platform car passed over the ladv and gentleman, 
crushing them terribly. The rear wheels came to a stand still. Mrs. Appleton died 
withm fiiteen or twenty minutes after the accident. Mr. Lincoln lived nearly an hour. 
The bodies were taken to Xew London .in a private car, and then conveyed to the resi- 
dence of Mr. Hammond. A boy. name not learned, was injured at the same time but 
not seriously. (See Lincoln. Early Settlers.) 

Descendants of Gov. Lincoln in the War. — Seven direct descen- 
dants of Gov. Le\-i Lincoln are now in active service as commis- 
sioned officers in the European war. Six of them are the governor's 
great-grandsons, and the seventh his great-great-grandson, and all 
enlisted during the first months of the war. The great-grandsons are 
sons of Waldo Lincoln— Dr. George C. Lincoln, 1st Lieut. M. O. R. C. at 
Base Hospital 101, France; Dr. Merrick Lincoln, first lieutenant in the 

W.— I-I2. 



178 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Medical Officers Reserve Corps, 340th Infantry, Camp Custer, Mich., and 
Daniel Waldo Lincoln, first lieutenant, oOlst Infantry, Co. B, Camp Dev- 
ens, Ayer, and their cousins, Winslow Sever Lincoln, son of Mrs. Wins- 
low S. Lincoln, first lieutenant, 101st regiment, field artillery; Pelham W. 
Bogert, son of Mrs. Marion Lincoln Perry of Providence, ensign in the 
navy, and Dr. Lincoln Davis, son of Mrs. Mary W. (Lincoln) Davis, 
major in the Medical Officers Reserve Corps, with the unit formerly 
known as the Massachusetts General hospital unit in France. The great, 
great grandson of Gov. Lincoln is Levi Lincoln, son of Mr. and Mrs. 
William S. Lincoln of Boylston, second lieutenant in the 30;5d machine 
gun battalion at Camp Devens, Ayer. 

(See biographies of Waldo Lincoln, Lt. Alerrick Lincoln, Lt. Daniel 
W. Lincoln and Lt. George C. Lincoln). 

Livermore. — Daniel Livermore of W'eston was one of the founders 
and early proprietors. He sold here. May 8, 1T17, to Daniel Bige- 
low of Watertown, land on French River. 40 acres. 

Lorthrog (Lotheridge). — Lincoln gives the name of Robert Lorthrog 
as one of the Scotch-Irish jiioneers here. The name is evidently not 
correctly spelled. In the only deed in which his name is found it is 
given Lothrig. He bought land here Nov. 3, I'.iG. of Thomas Stearns. 
The name does not appear in the Rev. rolls or census of 1790. Perhaps he 
left no male heirs. 

Lovell. — Alexander^ Lovell, b. in Eng., settled in Weymouth ; one 
of the founders of Medfield, 1652; m. (1) 1658, Lydia Albee ; (2) Lydia 
Leland, dau. of Hopestill ; she d. 1700-1; he d. 1709. 

Lovell, Alexander^ (Alex.'), b. at Medfield, Mar. 2, 1671; d. 1751; 
m. Elizabeth Dver, dau. of |os. and Hannah (Frary). 

Lovell, Jonathan-- (Alex.% Alex.'), b. Sept. i6, 1714, at Medfield; 
settled in Wor. 1739 on Mt. Carmel, in northern part of the town, after- 
ward Holden, and was one of the petitioners for the incorporation of 
Holden, 1741; was representative, constable, assessor, town treasurer. 
He m. (1) Mary Cheney, who d. in 1755; m. (2) Rachel How of this 

town; (3) Hopestill . Two children bv wife Mary were recorded 

here: Jonathan, b. Aug. 24, 1739, d. Sept. 28, 1739; Mary, b. Aug. 4, 
1740. His will dated 1784, proved Mar. 5, 1793, at Holden, bequeaths 
to wife Hopestill and children Amos, Jonathan, Asa, Amos, Samuel, 
Nathan, Mary (wife of William Hartwell), Keziah (wife of John 
W'inch), Eunice (wife of Paul Goodell), Olive (wife of Abel Aldridge), 
Lydia (wife of William Raymond). Children: Mary; Keziah; Jon- 
athan; Eunice and Olive, b. between 1739 and 1750; Dea. Asa, b. Sept. 
10, 1751, d. 1814, m. Betty Raymond, lived in W. Boylston on Maiden 
Hill; Amos, b. July 13, 1753, d. 1833, lived on farm adjoining Asa's; 
Lvdia, b. March" 30', 1757; Nathan, b. Apr. 22, 1761; Samuel, b. Oct. 
I,'l762. 

Lovell, Jonathan^ (Jonathan\ Alex.=, Alex.'), b. Oct. 1, 1743, in 
Holden; lived on the farm bought by his father in 1757 of James How. 
His will dated Aug. 24, 1811, proved Jan. 6, 1818, bequeathed to children 
Mary, Jonathan, David, Cyrus, Betsey Taylor, Mary Aldrich, Eunice 
Knight, Olive Aldrich and Joseph. Children, by wife Mercy, b. in Wor. : 
Jonathan, b. Oct. 1, 1769, m. Apr. 11, 1793, Abigail Kingsbury, who d. 
here and he rem. to Jamestown, N. Y. ; Betty, b. Sept. 28, 1772; Mary, 
b. Mar. 13, 1774, d. Sept. 8, 1787; Eunice, b. Alay 14, 1776, d. May 2, 
1778, (g. s.); Mercy, b. July 4. 1778; Elijah, bapt. Sept. 10. 1780; 
Eunice, b. Aug. 11, 17'80; Olive, b. July 5, 1782: Joseph, b. July 29, 1784. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 179 

capt., hotel-keeper at Lincoln Sq., d. 18(i0; David, b. Nov. 20, ITSG, m. 
Snsan I'.igelow; Cyrus, b. Nov. 2, 1790, lived on the homestead. De- 
scendants of Jonathan reside in this city. 

Lovell, Nathaniel- (Alex.'j, m. Abigail Davis; lived at Medfield 
and d. there 1T31. 

Lovell, MichaeP (Nathaniel-, Alex.'), b. Mar. 13, 1G9U-1:00, at Med- 
tield; lived in Medway and in 1734 settled here. He d. here in 1753 and 
his estate was divided Alar. 14, 1753; heirs — Michael, Ebenezer, Timothy, 
Mary, Oliver, Jemima. Elijah, Lois, Mary. His widow had married 
m. Jan. 10, 175:i, Darius Bugbee of Woodstock. Children, rec. at Med- 
way: Michael, b. July 5, 1728; Ebenezer, b. Mar. 25, 1730; Alary, b. 
Feb. 10. 1733-4. Born here, by wife Mary Lois, b. Sept. 38, 1735; 
Oliver, b. Alay 1, 1739; Timothy, b. Feb. 8, 1742; Jemima, b. Jan. 11, 
1745-6; John, b. Oct. 20, 1746; Elijah, b. April 20, 1749. 

Lovell, Col. Ebenezer* (MichaeP, Nathl.-, Alex.^), b. at Medway 
ALar. 25, 1730, d. Dec. 6, 1817, settled on a farm of 200 acres here at May 
and Lovell streets on both sides of Mill Brook. He was ensign in Capt. 
Benj. Flagg's Co. and marched, Apr. 19, 1775, on the Lexington Alarm. 
He was on the Committee of Inspection in 1774 to examine the stock 
of traders to see that no imported goods were kept; selectman, 1778^ 
79-84; representative, 1777; charter member of the American Political 
Society. His will was dated June 12, 1811, proved Jan. 6, 1818, beq. to wife 
Mehitable and children, Ebenezer, Bathsheba Barnard and Nancy 
Mower. His wife Abigail d. April 11, 1766, aged 24 yrs., 8 m., 5 d. 
Children, b. here: Ebenezer, bapt. July 13, 1766; Nancy, m. Capt. 
E]ihraim Mower (q. v.) ; Bathsheba. m. Lewis Barnard (q. v.). 

Lyman. — Caleb Lyman of Boston, shop-keeper, sold land here Apr. 
29, 1727, to James Rice; deed signed by wife Susanna Lyman. He 
bought this land of Stephen and Mindwe'll Belding of Northtield, June 
1, 1725. The Lymans probably never lived here. 

Lynde. — Thomas^ Lynde, b. in Eng., 1594. malster, settled in Charles- 
town before 1634; deputy; d. Dec. 30, 1671. He m. (2) Margaret 
(Martin) Jordan, widow of Henry, a cutler, London; she d. Aug. 
23. 1662: m. (3) Dec. 6. 1665. Rebecca Trerice, wid. of Nicholas. 

Lynde, Capt. Joseph- (Thomas^, member of the Worcester Com- 
mittee, b. at Charlestown, June 3, 1636, d. Jan. 29, 1726-7 ; a wealthy mer- 
chant; held high political honors; deputy, memlier Com. of .Safety, 
1689. member of Council under the new charter; m. (1) March 24, 1665, 
Sarah Davison, who d. Dec. 13, 1678; (2) Emma Brackenburv, who d. 
Sept., 1703; (3) Mar. 12, 1705-6, Mary Winthrop, who d. Oct.' 30, 1715. 

Lynde, Nicholas^ (Jos.-, Thos.^.'b. at Charlestown. July 1. 1672; 
m. May 7, 1696, Dorothy Stanton, who m. (2) John Trerice. 

Lynde, Joseph* (Nicholas', Jos.=, Thos.M,"b. Jan. 7. 1702-3, at Ston- 
ington. Ct. (H. C. 1723); d. here 1788; m. Feb. 24. 1736-7, Mary Lem- 
man, daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Phillips), who d. here, 
November 12, 1798. He came here after Charlestown was burned. 
His will dated here, Sept. 11, 1779, proved Jan. 6. 1789, beq. to 
wife Mary and children — Thomas, Joseph, Sarah Duncan, Dorothy Dix, 
Anna, Elizabeth and Hannah; lands in Charlestown, etc. The will of 
his widow Mary, dated Sept. 12, 1794, proved Jan. 1, 17!t9, beq. to 
Dorothy Dix a diamond ring to granddau. Alary Dix a gold chain; to 
grandsons W'illiam and Josejih Dix: Clarendon, Alexander and Henry 
Dix, each a gold ring; to Sarah and Anna Duncan, land in Charlestown; 
to Anna Lynde and Hannah Bangs, homestead in Wor. ; to Joseph; to 



i8o HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Thomas; Jonathan; Hannah Bangs (wife of Edward); to grandson 
William Lynde. Children, recorded at Charlestown : Marv, bapt. Jan. 
1, 1737-8; Joseph, bapt. June 8, 1740; Nicholas, bapt. Aug. 24, 1741; 
Elizabeth, bapt. Aug. 5, 1742; Sarah, bapt. Feb. 26, 1743-4; m. Andrew 
Duncan; Thomas, bapt. Mar. 31, 1745; Dorothy, b. May 23, 1746, m. Dr. 
Elijah Dix (q. v.); Anna, b. Jan. 10, 1747-8; Joseph, b. Feb. 9, 1748-9; 
Jonathan, bapt. Mar. 18, 1749-30 ; William, bapt. Oct. 6, 1751; Jonathan, 
bapt. Jan. 28, 1753 ; Margaret, bapt. Dec. 22, 1754 ; Elizabeth, bapt. Oct. 
3, 1756; Lemman, b. Dec. 25, 1757; Hannah, bapt. Jul)- 6, 1760, m. Ed- 
ward Bangs, Sr. 

Lynde, Dr. Joseph'' (Joseph', Nich.^, Jos.-, Thos.*), was b. in Charles- 
town, Feb. 9, 1748-9, and came to Worcester after the town was burned 
by the British; lived on Alain street on the site of the old Bangs Block. 
He practiced for a time with Dr. Elijah Dix, his brother-in-law, and 
finally went to Hartford, Ct., where he d. Jan. 15, 1829. 

Lynde, Thomas'' (Jos.'', Nich.'', Jos.-, Thos.'^), was bapt. in Charles- 
town Alar. 31, 1745; d. at Leicester Dec. 24, 1811 ; came here during the 
Rev., in which he served; had by wife Sarah: Sally, b. Mav 8, 1777; 
Thomas, b. Oct. 4, 17:8; Joseph, b. Julv 26, 1780; William, b. Nov. 25, 
1781 ; John, b. Mar. 15, 1784; Mary Greenleaf, b. Apr. 2, 1786. 

Lynde, Jonathan* (Nich.^, Jos.-, Thos.M, b. at Charlestown ,\pril, 
1714; came here before 1745; d. here Dec. 4, 1755, (g. s. also for 7 chil- 
dren). At the request of the widow Elizabeth, her brother Samuel 
Mowere was appointed administrator; heirs — Elijah Stone; Lemuel 
Rice ; Samuel Mower, guardian of Lydia, daughter of deceased : Eliza- 
beth, wife of Elijah Stone; Abigail, wife of Lemuel Rice. Children by 
Elizabeth, b. here: Lvdia, b. June 20, 1745; Abigail, b. Apr. 9. 1747- 
Esther, b. April 21, 1749, d. Feb. 3, 1756, (g. s.) : Joanna, bapt. Time 9, 
1751. 

McAllister. — John McAllister, m. here Margaret Tohnson, Oct. 6. 
1729, (Mdlx. Co. record). 

Maccarty. — Thaddeus^ Maccarty, settled in Boston where his wife 
Elizal)eth d. in 1723, aged 82 yrs. He was a member of the .^rtillerj' 
Company in 1681; d. at Boston June 18, 1705. Children, b. in Bos- 
ton: Charles, Francis, Thaddeus, b. Sept. 12, 1670; Margaret, b. Sept. 
25, 16:6; Samuel, bapt. at Roxbury, Nov. 3, 1678. 

Maccarty, Capt. Thaddeus^ (Thaddeus^), b. in Boston, Sept. 12, 
1670, was a master mariner in the merchant service. 

Maccarty, Rev. Thaddeus' (Thaddeus-, Thaddeus\), was b. in Bos- 
ton in 172], He accompanied his father on several voyages, but was 
not physically adapted to seafaring life. He left the sea, prepared for 
college in Boston, and graduated from Harvard in 1739. He was 
ordained minister of Kingston, Nov. 3, 1742. The coming of White- 
field, who disturbed so many parishes, caused a difificulty at Kingston in 
his parish, and he was dismissed Nov. 3, 1745. He preached his first 
sermon here, Nov. 27, 1746, and was chosen minister Jan., 1747, receiv- 
ing 44 votes to 42 for Rev. Jonathan Mayhew of Alartha's \"ineyard. He 
was installed as pastor, June 10, 1747. His salarv was fixed at £100; 
from K50 to 1759 it was £80, and afterward ilOO'. The house of Dr. 
Samuel Breck on the Common, southeast of the meeting house, was 
bought for a parsonage, Sept. 25, 1747, with two acres of land, adjoining, 
and this property was released to Mr. Maccarty, March 4, 1765. A suit 
was instituted bv Rev. Samuel Austin in 1814 to recover the land and 



AND ITS PEOPLE i8i 

the deed was declared invalid by the courts, liut the title was afterward 
contirnied by the church. 

His epitaph : "Beneath this stone are deposited the remains of the Rev. 
Thaddeus Maccarty, for '■]', years pastor of the Church of Worcester. 
Through the course of his ministry, he uniformly exhibited an example 
of the peaceable and amial)le virtues of Christianity. Under a slow and 
painful decline, he discovered an ardent love to his master, by a cheerful 
attention to his service, and at the approach of death, he patiently sub- 
mitted, in the full hojje of a glorious resurrection from the grave. In 
testimonv of his fidelitv, the people of his charge erect this monument. 
Obiit, July 20, 1784, Aetatis G3." 

Lincoln says: "Air. Maccart}- was tall in stature; in person slender 
and thin with a dark and penetrating eye ; a distinct and sonorous though 
somewhat harsh-toned voice. His address was impressive and solemn. 
In sentiment he was strictly Calvinistic ; in politics, decided and firm, 
ranking however with the moderate Whigs. His printed sermons are 
more characterized by judicious thought, good sense and piety, than 
elegance or eloquence, .\fter preaching a convention sermon, a con- 
temporary clergyman remarked that he had never heard him preach 
either a very low or a very brilliant discourse." (For a list of his pub- 
lications, see Lincoln's hist. p. 151). 

His will dated June 16, 1784, allowed Aug. 3, 1784, becj. to sister 
Mar}- Fox and his children — Thaddeus, Mary West, Elizabeth, Wil- 
liam Greenough, Lucy, Nathaniel and Lucretia. 

He m. .Sept. 8, 1743, at Boston, Mary Gatcoml), clau. of h'rancis, 
a merchant of that town, a native of Wales. She d. Dec. 38, 1783, aged 
58 vrs. Children, b. at Kingston: 1. Thaddeus, b. julv 29, 17'44, d. y. 
2. fohn. b. Aug. ItJ, 1745, d, v. At Wor. ; 3. Thaddeiis, b. Dec. li), 1747. 
4. "Thomas, b. Sept. 24, Gil), d. .March 14, 1750. 5. Marv, b, Oct. 30, 
1750. m. Hon. Benj. West of Charlestown, N. H., 1781; d. Aug., 1803. 
6. John, b. Jan. 10. '1753: d. June ID, 1752. 7. Elizabeth, b. Jan.^, 1753; 
d. j\Iar. 25, 1823. 8. William Greenough, b. Dec. 20, 175-J; quarter- 
master in Col. Timothy Bigelow's regt. in Kevolution; d. ;it Billerica, 
Aug. 13, 1791, m. Hannah Solev of Charlestown. 9. Saniuci, b. March 
33, 1755; d. July 21, 1755. 10. Thomas, b. and d. Det. 5, 1755. IL Fran- 
cis, b. Sept. 28, 1756, bapt. June 7, 1757, learned the trade of printer in the 
Spv office, merchant in Petersham, d. here Oct. 14, 1831. 12. Nathaniel, 
b. July 10, 1758. 13. Lucy, b. June 25, 1760, d. June 23, 1813. unm. 14. 
Lucretia, b. Julv 15, 1762:' d. |an., 1810. 15. Francis, b. Aug. 8. 17G3; d. 
Sept. 9, 1764. 

Maccarty, Dr. Thaddeus^ (Thaddeus', Thaddeus-, Thaddeus'), b. 
here, Dec. 19, 1747, studied under Rev. Aaron Hutchinson and John 
Adams ; studied medicine under Dr. Frink of Rutland for four vears ; 
began to practice in Dudley with Dr. Eben Lillie : went to Fitchlnirg in 
1773; was the first doctor practicing there. During the Revolution he 
was suspected of Toryism, but escaped persecution. He opened a small- 
pox hospital where he and Dr. Atherton of Lancaster inoculated over 
800 persons, using the process of Dr. Latham of Great Barrington. In 
1781 he returned to Worcester on account of his father's failing eyesight 
and lived here eight years with his father. In 1784 he was town phy- 
sician; in 1785 he was elected a member of the Mass. Med. Society. In 
1799, after his wife died, he went to Keene. N. H., and engaged in trade. 
In 1793-4 he managed successfully smallpox epidemics in Charlestown 
and Keene, N. H. He d. Nov. 21, 1802. He m. Jan. 1775, Experience 



i82 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Cowdin, dau. of Thos. (q. v.). She d. here Jan. 24, ITSli. aged 'i'l 
yrs. (g. s._). 

McClintock. — John McClintock, one of the Scotch-Irish, d. here in 
1746, insolvent. His administrator was appointed July 8. 174(3. The 
family settled in Palmer and Blandford. 

McClellan. — James McClellan, son of James, one of the Scotch-Irish, 
came here in the summer of IT'lS; bought land of Gershom Rice, Aug. 
9, 1718, and of Nathaniel Lee. April 23, 1719; of David fones, Dec. 30, 
1720, and of Ephraim Rice, Mar. 21, 1720-1. He died in 1735-6. His 
will was dated Jan. 21, 1735-6; inventory Mar. 10, 1735-6. John Chand- 
ler was exec. He beq. to his father James and mother Margaret "Mc- 
Clennen," and to wife Elizabeth and "children who were to be put in 
good families to be brought up." . . . James, Moses. David, Rebecca 
and Mercy. His son James was adopted by his uncle William McClel- 
lan ; Moses by James Boyd. Children recorded here by wife Elizabeth: 
John, b. Dec. 6, 1723-4; Rebecca, b. Apr. 23, 1725: James, b. June 22, 
1727; Mary, b. Jan. 7, 1730-1; Moses, b. July 9. 1733; David, b. Aug. 19, 
1735, who had here a son David, b. Feb. 22, 1761. 

McClellan, William, son of James and Margaret (Thorn) McClel- 
lan, settled here with his brother James, mentioned above. His sons 
Samuel and William, as heirs of his mother Margaret Thorn, had guar- 
dians appointed, Feb. 2, 1745-6. His will, Oct. 12, 1751, beq. to wife Jean 
and children Jean, William, Samuel. His son William by wife Ann had 
Ann, bapt. Apr. 12, 1752; Hannah, b. Nov. 18, 1753. 

All the McClellans left town before or during the Revolution. Gen. 
George B. McClellan was of this family. 

McClellan, Collan, a prisoner of war, had by wife Elizabeth of Co. 
Inverness, Scotland, a dau. Elizabeth, bapt. Dec. 23, 1776. 

McConkey (or McKonkey). — Alexander^ McKonkej' or McConkey, 
Scotch-Irish, stayed here but a short time; bought land Dec. 25, 1722, of 
Eleazer How. He also had land on Maiden Hill; lived on Winter Hill; 
was a tailor; was one of the founders of Pelham. Children: John, born 
here by wife Margaret; William, b. Sept. 17, 1717; Alexander, b. Apr. 
15, 1721. 

McConkey, John- (son or brother of Alexander^), had here bv wife 
Mary; Elizabeth, b. Aug. 9, 1736; Alexander, b. Apr. 11, 1737." Wil- 
liam McConkey was one of the founders of Pelham, was a soldier in 
the Rev. 

McCracken. — Joseph^ McCracken, Scotch-Irish, was one of several 
of this family locating in this county. He was here in 1759, when he 
bought land of Jonathan Stone. By wife Sarah he had here : Sarah, 
bapt. Feb. 15, 1761; David, bapt. Aug. 15, 1762; William, bapt. Tune 24, 
1764; John, bapt. April 6, 1766. 

McCracken, Samuel, brother of Joseph, m. here, Dec. 8, 1752, Let- 
tice Carlisle of Lunenburg. He bought land in Wor. Children, b. here : 
David, bapt. Nov. 4, 1764; Samuel, bapt. April 27, 1766, rem. to Holden; 
David, bapt. Feb. 28, 1768; Sarah, bapt. Aug. 12, 1770; Joseph, bapt. 
March 21, 1773; David, bapt. Dec. 4, 1774; Luke, bapt. Nov. 19, 1775. 

McAUagh. — James Mcz-Mlagh of this town was one of the founders of 
Pelham, 1738. 

McDowell. — Alexander^ McDowell, Scotch-Irish, was here but a 
short time. Plis son William was bapt. here Apr. 26, 1767. 

McFadden. — The onlv records of this Scotch-Irish familv here were : 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



183 



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McFx\RLAND HOUSE, SALISBURY STREET. 




GATES HOUSE. CATES LAXE. 



^n? 











OLD HOUSE ON CHAMBERLAIN FARM. 
On Salisbury Street, Probably First Chamberlain House. 



1 84 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Esther, m. Nov. IC. lUiO, Joshua Ball; Rosanna. ni. Jan. 31, KiiO. Adam 
Walker. 

McFarland, — DanieP McFarland, one of the Scotch-Irish settlers, 
came in IT IS from Ulster, his ancestors having come a century before 
from Argyleshire, Scotland, to Ireland. He lived in Marblehead for 
several years. His brother Duncan settled in Rutland. He and his son 
Andrew, then of Marblehead, bought of Gershom Keyes of Shrewsbury 

185 acres in the south part of Worcester, Oct. 26, 1T2T, and came here 
soon afterward. The farm included what is known now as Richmond 
Heights and Lenox. Daniel deeded 109 acres to Andrew, Jan. 13, 1729, 
and 91 acres to son John. Jan. 13, 1T32, stipulating that John should 
care for the father during life. Daniel's will was dated March 14, 1737- 
38, mentioning his son James of Brunswick, Me.; daughter Margaret 
Campbell of Co. Tyrone, Ireland ; Margaret McKelvy of South Carolina 
and four other children here), Eliner, b. Aug. 8, 1728, m. Samuel 
Gray: Patience, b. Mar. 18. 1731; Elizabeth, b. June 12, 1733; Samuel, 
b. June 15, 1737. 

McFarland, John- (Daniel'), settled on ]iart of the homestead and 
by wife Margaret had here: Sarah, 1). .\pr. '.), 1731 ; Eliner, b. Oct. 25, 
1732; Andrew, b. Dec. 22, 17.34 ; Mary, b. Jan. 25, 1737. John sold his 
place April 16, 17 36, to James Hood and left town. 

McFarland, Andrew- (Daniel'), located on the homestead; also owned 
land in Rutland and Pelham ; bought land of William Jennison of Salis- 
bury street, lately owned by CJeorge T. Foster. Andrew d. at his home, 
June 4, 1761, aged 71 yrs. His will, dated Feb. 33, 1759, proved June 
17, 1761, bequeathed to wife and children: James and others. He m. 
Rebecca Gray (or Scott). She d. Mar. 20, 1762, aged 62 yrs. Children: 
Andrew, d. v.; William, bapt. at Marblehead, July 29, 1722; John, bapt. 
at Marblehead. Jan. 30, 1725-6. Born here: j'ames, b. 1727; Mar- 
garet, b. Aug. 19, 1729, m. James Forbush (q. v.) ; Daniel, 1). Sept. 9, 
1731 ; Rebecca. Dec. 23, 1733, m. William Browning of Rutland; Eliner, 
b. Nov. 19, 1735. m. Alexander Calhoun of Leicester, Nov. 2(5., 1758. 

McFarland, Lieut. Willianr' (Andrew-, Daniel'), b. 1722; m. Nov. 
7, 1745, Elizabeth Browning, dau. of James and Elizabeth, and settled 
on the farm given by his father on Salisbury St. He d. Jan. 27, 1805, 
aged 83 yrs. He was lieut. of Capt. Bcnj. Flagg's Co., April 19, 1775; 
selectman ] 781-2. Children: James, h. 1746, d. Jan. 15, 17 19; Rebecca, 
b. 1748, d. Jan. 19, i:49. 

McFarland, Capt. James' (James', .Andrew-, Danl.'), b. here Sept. 
19, 1758, d. Dec. 22, 1835, here; was a soldier and pensioner of the Revo- 
lution. He was in Capt. Seth W'ashburn's Co., 1776; Capt. Ebenezer 
Lovell's Co., 1777, and Capt. Jesse Stone's Co.; marched to Bennington 
in 1777, corporal of Stone's Co. He seems to have become captain after 
the war. He m. (1) Betsey Moore, Jan. 5. 1778; and (2), Feb. 24, 
1807, Esther Cutting of Rutland. He d. l^ec. 22. 1835; his wife Esther 
May 1, 1829. Children, b. here: Sarah, b. July 27, 1778, m. Abner Har- 
low of Shrewsbury, and d. Dec. 9, 1845; Daniel, b. Sept. 1, 1780, m. 
Sophia Sargent; James, Jx Dec. 3, 1782; Ira, b. Oct. 31, 1785; Betsey, b. 
Apr. 11, 1789, m. Charles Blair, and d. Sept. 5, 1876; Horace, b. Sept. 
1, 1795 tn. Sophia, widow of his brother Daniel, and they had: Sophia, 
b. Feb. »3, 1824, d. 1866; was a merchant at Leicester, agent for the 
Saxon an.I Leicester factories at Rochdale, later of the mills at .Saxon- 
ville; d. in Boston Aug. 3, 1877, aged 84 yrs.: Asa. b. June 15, 1795; 



AND ITS PEOPLE 185 

Adeline. !>. Mar. .".. KiKs, d. Sep. 2-i. KsOO; .Adeline .Au^u.-^ta, ixOct. 2:. l<^(r.\ 
d. Jan. 1:, ISO.") : .Mary Rice, b. Aug. 20. ISOS. (by '^d wife), d. unni. 

-McFarland. Daniel"' (James', James'. Andrew-, Danl.'). ''■ Here Sept. 
1, n.SO; d. Aug. :!1. ISIS; m. Nuv. -i't. I.S13. at Leicester Sciphia Sargent. 
He was a general niereliant at Leicester. L'hildren: Daniel, h. Lsi.j, d. 
1S!»7; ALiry Sargent, h. ISKI, d. UK).-,. 

.McFarland. Dr. James" (James'. James, .\ndrew-'. Danl.'), 1>. here 
Dec. o. i:s-J: m. Mary Caldwell of I'.arre in ISOl); lived in Rutland. 
Their dau. .Xdeline Augusta m. Willanl Richmond (see l'>iog. of J. L. 
Ellsworth). 

.Mcl-'arland. Ira M.' (Jas.'. Jas.'. Andrew-. Danl.'), h. ( )ct. :il, K.s,^. 
d. Aug. .'(i. l.s: + : m. ( )ct. :i, ISsJO, Judith Lyon. They lived on part of 
the AIcFarland homestead. Children, h. here: Adeline Augusta, b. 
Aug. 3. l.s-^1, d. May -.^9. LSfST ; Edwin. 1.. July 2i;. 18-^3, d. 1847; ALaria 
Allen, b. Nov. .'4. \S2'). m. Ephraim Forbes Chamberlain of West Brook- 
field (their son is Judge H>ederick H. (.."hamberlain : see liiographv). 
^Lary E.. b. May 2:. Lsv;s, d. July 8, 1847 ; Caroline, b. Alav 8,' bs;j4,' d. 
j\Lay 6, 1S.")8: Sarah, b. Jan.'-J4, li^'A], d. |an. ■.';. l'840. Born 
here: Elizabeth. 1). .\ug.'-<i9, ]:.j(l: .Andrew." b. ALir. 10, i;.")!, d. 
at Barre. July -'V. lsv!4: Alargaret. b. Alar. 2], i;.")4, d. Aug. •.'!. i;.")G; 
Rebecca, b. AJay 11. K.Vi ; William, b. Jan. ."1. i:.")8; Alary, b. .Apr. ](^ 
lT(iO, m. Seth Pierce of ll.ardwick, d. Apr. Hi. l.s-.i(); Hannah, b. fune !.), 
175-^; ALartha. b. Mar. ■.".'. DCl; [ames, b. [ulv 18, llCC. d. Alar. 2-2, 
]801: Samuel, b. Nov. ■-.':!, 1770. 

Alcl'arland. William' (William-. .Kndrew-. Daniel'), 1j. 1;.")8. was 
a soldier in the Re\'olution in Capt. Da\id Chadwick's Co.. 177 7. He 
was pensioned for this and other service in 1831. He lu. .Anna Davis, b. 
June 18. 1777. d. Pel). 12. 18.")7. He d. r)ct. 0. ls:i!), ;iged SI yrs. Chil- 
dren: Sarah, m. (.yrus Gale; .Andrew Da\is. b. Nov. 7, ISll, ni. Susan 
Orne. 

AIcFarland, James' (.Andrew', Daniel'), b. 17'.'7. m. Elizabeth Bar- 
ber, dau. of Robert and Sarah (Clrav ). Apr. 18, 1 i l(i. He succeeded to 
the homestead on f^leasant .St.; was prominent in teiwn affairs. He d. 
.Apr. 9, 17s:!. Children, b. here: Sarah. 1). Alarch. 1717. bapt. .Apr. 1. 
1750; Rebecca, b. Jan. S. 17 19. d. y. ; Robert, b. March. 17.M. bapt. ALir. 
24, 1754; Rebecca.' bapt. Jan. ]2. 1752; Lydia. b. June -.'S. 175(!, m. Alat- 
thew Gray, settled in Peterborough. X. 11'.: James, h. Sept. 19, 175s. d. 
Dec. 22. 1835. a pensioner of the Revolution; Elizabeth, b. [an. 25, 17(il, 
m. 1797, Charles Stearns; Ephraim. b. .A])r. 13, 17(33, m. Esther (jrav, 
June 2G. 1782. and had here: Jonathan, 17S:i. James. 17SL and later set- 
tled in Herkimer Co.. X. V.; John. 1). Feli. 20, 17(1(1, settled in Herk. Co.; 
Asa, b. -April 19, 17(;9, (Dartmouth 1793) teacher, minister of 1st Cong, 
church. Concord, .\. H., trustee of Dartmouth College. (D. D., A'ale, 
1809); d. Feb. 18. 1827. m. Clarissa Dwight of Belchertown, Ian. 21, 
1799, and (2) Xancy Dwight, June 1(^, 1801, (3) Elizal>cth Kneeland of 
Boston, Sept. (1, 1803... (.See account of his children. \'ol. XXI. Proc. 
of the Wor. Soc. of .Ant. p. 199). 

AIcFarland, e'ol. Daniel-' (.Andrew-. Daniel'), b. Sept. 9, 1731. ni. 
Sarah Barlier of Wor.. dau. of Robert. He was active in town affairs, 
]7'5(i to 17(17. and held ^'arious offices; ren-ioved to Burlington, N. J., 
about 17G7; later to .Aniwell twp., AV'ashington Co.. Penn. He was 
colonel in comniand of the Monongahela Rangers, 1778-80. in the Revo- 
lution. He bought land at Elk Lick of John Barber: d. 1817, and his 
descendants have been useful and man^• of theni distinguished citizen.s. 



i86 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

McGregory. — There was a jMcGregory family, Scotch-Irish, here 
for a short time. Isaac ]\IcGregory then of Weston, bought land here, 
Nov. 23, 1726, of Rev. William Williams. Patrick McGregory of Rut- 
land made a non-cupative will July G, 1756, leaving estate to wife Mary. 
Lincoln gives "James" McGregorv as one of the Worcester settlers, 
(p. 49). 

McGuire. — McGuire is an Irish name. John McGuire of this town 
served in the Rev., d. Oct. 30, 1831, here aet. 85 ys. ; had three children 
by wife Sarah, bapt. in the Old South Church, June 25, 1780 — Betsey, 
Louisiana and Sally. 

Mcllwain. — James Mackehvain (or ]McIh\ain), a trader, bought land 
here of Robert Peebles July 8, 1727; but of him nothing further is 
known. 

McKnoU. — N\'illiam McKnoll. one of the Scotch-Irish, was here but 
a short time; by wife Elizabeth he had Elizabeth, b. Dec. 10, 1726. No 
further record. 

McNutt. — (Also spelled JNIcNight, McNitt and McXaught). 

McNutt, Alexander^ came from Co. Donegal, Ireland, 1730; he 
was b. 1659, d. Feb. 10, 1746; his wife Sarah d. May 18, 1744. The fam- 
ily located in Palmer. Relatives settled in Nova Scotia. Rev. Dr. H. 
B. Eaton has written a sketch of the celebrated Alexander McNutt who 
claimed to be founder of Nova Scotia. 

McNutt, Barnard- (.\lex.i), m. here Feb. 19, 1727-8, Jane Clark 
(Mdlx. records), settled in Pahner; had son Alexander here Dec. 10, 
172G, and 12 more children at Palmer, (p. 511 Hist, of Palmer). 

MacPherson. — This in a Scotch-Irish family. Settlers of the name 
came early to Londonderry, N. H., and were probably related to those 
of this town. 

James MacPherson of this town m. Feb. 15, 1756. Sarah Calhoun. 
N. f. k. 

Mahan. — (.Sometimes McHan and Machan). 

William^ Mahan, Scotch-Irish settler, jointly with Closes Harper, 
bought of James Dickson of Lyme, Ct., Jan. 16, 1726-7, land here; had 
settled here prior to that time. His will was dated June 29, 1763, proved 
Feb. 13, 1764. He d. June 30, 1763, in his 69th vr. His wife Margaret, b. 
Feb. 20, 1699, d. June 30, 1763 (g. s.). Children— John, William, Mar- 
garet Hamilton and Elizabeth Johnson. Margaret m. Jas. Hamilton, 
Aug. 20, 1761. 

Mahan, William- (William'), had here bv wife Mary: Marv, bapt. 
Jan. 25, 1756; Phebe, bapt. Aug. G, 1758; Samuel, bapt". Apr. 13, 1760; 
Elizabeth, bapt. Nov. 15, 1761. 

Mahan, John- (William^), died July 31, 1774, aged 51 y. (g. s.), leaving 
land in this town and Leicester to wife Mary and children — John, Mary, 
Rebecca, Samuel, William and David ; will dated March 19, 1774, proved 
Aug. 29, 1774. His widow Mary by will dated Aug. 16, 1776, proved 
May 7, 1777, bequeathed to minor children — John, Samuel, William, 
David, Mary and Rebecca ; and William Mahan and Samuel Gammell of 
Northborough were her executors. The son John had a guardian 
appointed, 1778. By wife Mary. John had here: John, b. July 16, 1759; 
Samuel, b. June 25, 1761, (soldier in the Rev.) ; Rebecca, b. July 29, 
1763; William, b. Apr. 10, 1766; David, b. Apr. 2, 1769, had for guar- 
dian, Samuel Gammell, Mar. 21, 1778. 

Mahan, John^ (John% William'), b. here July 16, 1759; soldier in 
the Rev.; d. Oct., 1789, (g. s.) ; m. here Apr. 27, 1780, Sally Heminway. 



AND ITS PEOPLE " ~ 
187 



Oct^V rsn: 7f 'r VT'- ^f: '■^- '>''=^- ^■'"'^•■-^■". '^- here: Lucv, b. 
uct. i.s, i,iS(): lohn, 1). Oct 2tl ITS'-" 

Eu„i^'?^'''^-7t''",'''r^^=i"''^^'^ ^^'"'''"' ^VatcTtou-,1 fan.ilv had l,v wife 

\Tltru ' T^ f ' • ^'"^/"'^'•tgragfd u hack t„ Samuel Alansfield of 

waltnani. 1 he tamilv never located here 

MarbIe.-]<obert .Marl>le^ (Joseph', Joseph^ NicliolasM a descen- 

aV;d 1 er ;ritaV?H;\l"""' "• ' f*^"';'" '/^ ■'^•^^'- ''' -Id" house and 

ianci lure to li-aaciM^h. the original right of George Dansoa '\nr 8 1737 

-Marble. Jonathan; .Joseph-'. Nicholas'), ^vas^b. at Andov^er Tan 7' 

How Feb"'ir'!'-,M ^^-^'he-- ^-//--'b-ough: sold land here to'£ze; 

in -ah -; ■ ""'"^ ^° J°'"^ Stearns. Nov. 07, K-2;i 

Memfield.-Timothy Alerrifield came here from Sherborn about 

....^'If^— R'fli'-ird Miles (ancestry not traced, was here from before 
J;n -Mar" 1 ;' ^^60 °SVu-''°"^" '"^'t^"^ V^"' ^^^ '^-'^^l^^ l-d in Ho! 

1753 William, b. Dec 0. 17.i. (s^^^l h^ t^ Rev. r ^SH' Dec^^ r3 ' 
t, , M'"f --J'-i'"^* -^^iller, called a Scotchman m the town record's ;et 
tied ,n Charlstown : d. there Aug. ]. 1.;,S8. aged 70 vrl He waTa baker" 
His son Abraham was appointed a-Iininirtrator.' Dec ]0 ?7oV His 
widow Mary d. here 1:01. " ' ^^^ 

Miller. IsaacMJamesM. b. at Charlestown. Aug 3 KITO- lived in 
Sudbury; m at Concord, Jan. G. l.;.„i-:. IViscilla Ball '" 

M.ller. James-^ (Isaac^ JamesV). b. at Su.lburv Dec 4 Hm ■ d at 

Nathaniel Hapgood. He lived in Worcester for a ime Beni 
Barron or love, etc., deeded to him land here, Oct S p- ?! ' 
dren by 1st wife: James, b. in Wor. Dec. 30, 1 7->5 d v Born ;t Wes " 
boro: James, b. Dec. :20. i:-^4 : Ebenezer b Mav'-> T^-? ak k' 

April 3, 1725,(?); Daniel, b. July 23 K^/- Seth "b Vr' ' ti i''.n- 
Solomon, b. Nov. 30. 1732:' Isalc and Sarah. 'b.'oct' I7 ^^i ''' ''''' 
20 1-u • ^r'^'' |James^ Isaac^ JamesM. b. at We;tborough Dec 
' M^{ "\t'^"^,.""^l«■ l'^'- Elizabeth Hardv: lived at WestboJo' 
Miller, Isaac^ (. saac-'. JamesM, b. Mav 7. i:6S: settled here ffi, 
father Isaac owned and here, and was called of Wor.. Feb 1719 ^i 
when he bought land ot Nathaniel Hapgood of Stow. saac had by wit^e 

Sara "'0^ '^f^Tlv' T^l/;"" 'i 'I'' ^ ^°^^"-' '^ ^^^^^^ 

l.o2. Marshall, bapt. Oct. 20. 1754: Catherine, b. Tune 13 1759 WiT' 
ham. b. Oct. 2. 1761. - ' ■'■'^^' \\ "- 

Richard Miller was an inhabitant of Charlestown. 1637- rem to 

Cambridge; living there in 1677 ; m. Eleanor wl n ,,, /o/u 

Harberd. Children: Joseph. James aild Hannah. ' " '° '"• ^'^ ^"""^^ 

M.ller, Joseph^ (Richard^, b. 1620. d. 1C97: lived in Camb. and 

1 



HISTORY OF IV ORC ESTER 



Charlestown : deputy: m. Mary Pope in 16(58, who d. Kll. Settled in 
Newton. Children: Thomas, b. Apr. 9, 1G1."): Samuel, b. Sept. 24, 
16T8; Joseph; Jane. 

Miller, Samuel' (Joseph-, Richard'), was born in Newton, Mass., 
Sept. 24, 1G:8: m. Nov. 11, 1708, Elizabeth Child, dau. of Richard: came 
here in K47 ; d. at W'or. Sept. iK 1759, aged 81 j-rs. (g s.). His will was 
dated Jan. 1, r7-)9, proved, Jan. ■>, 1760; beq. to wife Elizabeth and chil- 
dren — Joseph, Samuel, Mary (wife of Edward Hall) ; Elizabeth (wife of 
Jonas Hammond) of Xewton. 

Miller, Samuel' (Samuel-, Richard^), b. Dec. 20, 1718, d. about 
178."); came with his father from Newton to Worcester. He bought 
land here, Sejjt. 19, IM^, being then of Newton, of Dr. Zechariah Harvey 
of this town, land formerly owned b}' Robert Barber and Robert Blair. 
This land he mortgaged to his father, then also of W'or. Sept. 4, 1749. 
He m. Elizabeth Hammond. He died here 1785 or earlier and his widow 
Elizabeth had her dower set off Mar. 1, 1785; other heirs being children: 
Ephraim, Moses and Elizal>eth. By wife Elizabeth he had here: Sarah, 
bapt. Sept. 30, 1750; Elizabeth, b. Aug. 9, 1752; Anna, b. Nov. 5, 1755; 
Eunice, b. May 27, 1761; Josiah, b. May 2, 1748; d. here Dec. 26, 1748-9. 

Miller, Ephraim* (SamueP, Samuel-. Richard'), served from Wor. in 
Rev.: 1). in Xewton Jime 4, 1744; m. Marv Flagg. Children: Samuel, 
b. Eel), .-i. i;71: :\Iollv, b. Aug. 6, 1772'; Ephraim, b. June 8, 1774; 
James, b. Jan. 1, i::(i :' Silas, b. Mar. 19, 1778; Levi, b. June 15, 1780; 
William, bapt. June 16, 1782. 

Miller, Moses' (Samuel-', Samuel-, Richard'), 1). Dec. 5, 1745; m. 
Sarah Grav, dau. Robert; lived on the homestead; by wife Sarah had 
here: Josiah. b. Oct. 13, 1773; Sarah, b. Mar. 25, 1775; Rev. Moses, b. 
Nov. 23, 1776; pastor in Heath, Mass.; Thomas, l)apt. Nov. 29, 1778; 
John, b. Nov. 4, 1782 ; Samuel, b. Jan. 14, 1786. 

Minot. — .Stephen' Minot, a Boston merchant, was one of the pro- 
prietors of this town. He bought land here of Richard Ward, Jan. 15, 
1730. and sold land to William Gray. He did not become a- settler. 

James Minot Jr. of Concord bought land here of Jonas Rice, Nov. 
16. 1725. but did not remain here, if he came at all. 

Millett. — Alillett is an early Gloucester name. Thomas Millett, b. 
in iuig. about ]61(), came in 1625, settled in Dorchester, rem. to Glouces- 
ter and later to llrookfield: d. 1676; m. Mary Greenway. His sons 
Nathaniel and John lived in Dorchester. Descendants lived in Men- 
don. Elizabeth ]\[illett of Mendon m. July 13, 1756, Abraham Wheeler 
(Wor. record). 

Capt. Ebenezer Millett settled in Worcester and lived in what was 
later the town of Holden ; m. here April 6, 1761, Mary Wheeler; (2) 
April 30, 1789, Elizabeth Millett. He was a soldier in the Revolution 
wnth the rank of captain. 

Moore. — John' i\Ioore, b. in Eng., settled in that part of Sudbury, 
now Wayland, and bought a hotise there in 1642 ; ni. Elizabeth Whale, 
dau. of Philemon ; d. Jan. 6.1673-4, leaving a will. Many Worcester families 
trace their ancestry to him. Children: John, ])rominent and wealthy 
citizen of Lancaster: William of Sudbury; Mary, m. (1) Richard Ward 
and (2) Dea. Daniel Stone; Lydia, b. June 24, 1643, m. (1) Samuel 
Wright and (2) James Cutler; Jacob, b. Apr. 28, 1645; Joseph, b. Oct. 
21, 1647, of Sudbury; Benjamin, of Sudbury; Elizabeth, b. Jan. 10, 1649. 

Moore, Jacob= (John'), b. Apr. 28, 1645, at Sudbury; m. May 29, 
1667, Elizabeth Loker, dau. of Henry Loker. Her father deeded to her 



AND ITS PEOPLE 189 

and Jacob his whole estate in IGTS. and Jacol) deeded it in IG'JT to his 
son Jacob. In ITlti he divided his other property among his sons. Chil- 
dren, b. in -Sudlnirv; Jacob; Richard, b. Sept. 12. 1670; John, b. Dec. 
13, 16T3; Elizabeth, h. Feb. 4, 10:5; Nathaniel, b. Tune -.'l, 1GT8; Han- 
nah, b. July 18, 1680; Sarah, b. Jan. 2[\ 1681-2, d. v.; Sarah, b. Mar. 3, 
1684; Daniel, b. Apr. 13, 1686, or -T ; Samuel, b. July 15, 1689; James; 
Jonathan. 

Moore, Richard' (Jacob-, John'), b. at Sudbury Sept. 12, 16T0; m. 
Mary Collins, dau. of Samuel and Mary of Middletown, Ct. ; lived in 
Xeedham, sold land there, June (i, 1114, and in Aug. bought house and 
land in Oxford of Samuel Hagl)urn and became the largest landowner in 
the south part of Oxford ; was inn-holder, first justice of the peace and 
first deputv from Oxford; town clerk, selectman, treasurer. She d. July 
12, 1769; he d. Xov. 19, 1767. Children: Syliilla, b. Sept. 2, 1694, m. 
Ebenezer Chamberlain of Oxf . ; Abigail, b. |ul\- 23. 1696; Collins, b. 
Oct. 17, 1698; Isaac, b. June 11. 1700; Elijaii. b. Mar. 14, 1701-2; 
Susanna, b. Dec. 26, 1703; Abijah, b. Dec. 22, lU).'); Richard, b. Tan. 10, 
1708; Mary, b. .May ]. J, 1710. 

Moored Collins* (I^ichard^ Jacob-, John\), b. in Oxf., r)ct. 17, 1698; 
m. May 2, 1722, Bathsheba Woods, dau. of Nathaniel of Groton. Tie 
was a weaver in Oxford and Wor. Town officer here : Ii\ ed in Tatnuck 
near Paxton. (See Oxford hist.). He d. Feb. 22, 1743; widow m. (3) 
Samuel Towne of O.xf . ; (3) Samuel l^hillij)?. Children, b. here: Abi- 
g-ail, b. Feb. 17, 1723, m. Abial Lamb; Levi, b. Dec. 17, 1723, d. Aug. 
2, 1745; Nathan, b. Apr. 15, 1726, m. Sarah Towne, rem. to \'assal- 
borough, Me.; Elijah, b. .-Vug. 10, 1727: Susanna, b. Jan. 'io, 1729, m. 
Silas Ixobinson ; ]\Iarv, b. Sept. 25, 1730, m. Daniel Fairfiield ; at Oxford: 
Bathsheba, b. Feb. lo! 1732. m. Benjamin Wilson ; .Mice, b. Dec. 26, 1733, 
m. Jonathan Bullard ; Jerusha, b. Apr. 5, 1735. m. John Nichols: I^ich- 
ard. b. Oct. 14, 1736, m. Mary Eddy, rem. to Erving; Phcbe, b. Sept. 3, 
1738, m. Ebenezer I^ocke. 

Aloore, Isaac* (Richard'. Jacol)-', JohnM. b. June 11. 1700. in Oxford; 
m. 1723, Hannah Newhall and settled at Tatnuck in Wor. (Wor. Deeds 
IV-283) (Reg. \'ol. 52; p. 72). Children: Hannah, b. Mar. 31, 1725, 
m. Lt. John Alower; Thomas, b. May 1. 1727, m. Apr. 24, 1747, Ruth 
Nichols, res. Brookfield ; Capt. David.'b. CJct. 21, 1729, m. C)ct. 15, 1755, 
Eleanor Tvice, dau. of Tvrus ; Jonathan, b. |an. 10. 1732; Samuel and 
Phebe, May 5, 1736; John. b. Nov. 28. i;38": Phebe, b. Nov. 28, 1738; 
Phebe, m. May 8, 1754, Micah Tohnson ; Isaac, b. Mar. 11, 17 11, m. Eliz- 
abeth Bryant; Mary, b. May 19, 1743; Sarah, b. Nov. 9, i;45. m. Nov. 
28, 1764, John Morse of Leicester: Susanna, b. Afar. 22. IMit. 

Moore, Capt. David^ (Isaac*. Richard", Jacob-, John'), b. Oct. 21, 
1729, here; m. here Oct. 15, 1755, Eleanor Rice; lived on \'ernon St. site 
of Notre Dame School, later, on the north corner of Alain and Pleasant 
Sts., finally at Tatnuck near Leicester, Children, 1). here: Tvrus, b. 
Julv 7, 1756; Eleanor, b. Apr. 14, 1761; David, 1). Aug. 26, 1762"; Betty 
and Jesse, b. Dec. 21, 1763; Lucy. b. Dec. 1, 1169. 

Moore. Tonathan" (Isaac*. Richard". Jacob-. Tohn';. 1). Tan. 10, 
1732; d. Nov. 11. 1786; m. Feb. 21, 1753, Sarah Gates, b. June 12. 1720, 
•dau. Jonathan and Persis Gates. They lived at first on her father's 
homestead and later on part of Isaac* Moore's in Tatnuck : rem. to Brook- 
field in 1759. 

]Moore, .SamueP (Isaac*. Richard'. Jacob-, JohnM. b. here May 5, 
1736; d. Dec. 19, 1803; m. here Aug. 13, 1755, Grace Rice. dau. Tyrus ; 



190 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

lived in last years on Maiden St., near Holden line. He m. (2) Dec. 11, 
177'J, Sarah Gale of Princeton. Children, b. here: Dolly, b. Sept. 20, 
1755; Hannah, b. Aug. 14, 1757; Abigail, b. lune 29, 1759; Isaac, b. 
Feb. 15, 1761; Samuel, b. Dec. 5, 1762; Susannah, b. Oct. 2, 1764; Lucy, 
b. Mar. 27, 1767; Luther, b. Alar. 18, 1769; Arathusa, b. Mar. 13, 1771. 
By 2d wife ; Col. George, b. Dec. 17, 1782. 

Moore, John^ (Isaac*, Richard', Jacob-. John' ), b. here Nov. 28, 1738 ; 
served in the Rev.: d. May, 1793; m. Sept. 11, 1760. Esther Rigelow. 
Children, b. here: William, b. Apr. 19, 1761: Lvdia. b. Oct. 7, 17«i3; 
Anna, b. Feb. 19. 1765; Sibella. b. June 29. 1766'; Esther, b. Apr. 26, 
1769; Tvler, b. Mar. 10, 1771; Joshua, b. Oct. 20, 1772; Willard, b. Oct. 
12, 1775'; Matilda, b. Feb. 5, 1778. 

Moore, Dea. Nathaniel^ (Jacob-, John'), third settler here 1715 or 
1716, deacon of Old South Church 45 yrs. ; selectman 12 yrs., was b. in 
Sudb. June 21, 1678; m. there Feb. 10, 1701-2, Grace Rice, sister of Jonas, 
the first settler bought land here 1732 (W. D. IV. 369). Lived on Sabatab- 
scot Hill. His wife was dismissed to Wor. church. Time 14, 1747. He 
d. Nov. 25, 1761; she d. 1768, aet. 94. Children, b. a't Sudb.: Marv, b. 
Dec. 20, 1702; Sarah, b. July 2, 1704; Henry, b. Jan. 10, 1706, live'd at 
French River in this town, d. 1730; Judith, b. Feb. 12, 1708; Grace, b. 
July 7, 1709; Elizabeth, b. June 23, 1711; Eleanor, b. Feb. 16, 1713; 
Nathaniel, b. Jan. 31, 1715; m. July 31, 1740. Mehitahle Goddard of 
Sutton, d. July 19, 1811, aet. 96 (g. s.), selectman 17."i4, lived with wife 
69 yrs., resided here 95 yrs. 

" Moore, James' (Jacob-, John\), b. 1698: m. Mar. 4, 1718-9, Comfort 
Rice, dau. of John, of Worcester; rem. from So. Sudbury to Wor. before 
1725; was a blacksmith; settled in Tatnuck ; died Sept. 29, 1756; his 
widow died in 1765 (W. P. 41,320). Children: Asa, b. Oct. 33, 1719; 
Reuben, b. Nov. 8, 1721; settled in Shrewsbury; Increase, b. Feb. 24, 
1723, rem. to Bovlston ; Azubah, b. Mar. 22, 1726, m. John Fisk ; 
Silas, b. Mar. 22, 1727-8 : Paul, b. Nov. 22, 1729, one of the first three set- 
tlers of Shoreham, \'t., d. there 1810 (\'t. Gaz. Addison Go. p. 611). Si- 
las, b. Jan. 24, 1731-2, d. of smallpox, June 10, 1777; Elizabeth, b. May 
17, 1734, m. Apr. 15, 1756, Wm. Ward"; Sarah, b. 1736. d. June 3. 1765; 
James, b. June 20, 1741 ; Daniel, served in the Rev. 

Moore, Asa* ( James-', Jacob-, JohnM, b. Oct. 23, 1719. in Sudl)., d. 
June 30, 1800; selectman 1757-62 here; com. cor., 1775; m. here (1) 
Sarah Hevwood, dau. Dea. Daniel, was b. Feb. 1, 1722, d. Dec. 13 
1760; (2)' Apr. 12, 1764, Mary Cook. d. May. 1765; (3) Lucy 



d. Mar. 11, 1800. His will is dated Julv 20, 1798, proved 1800 (W. P. R 
41,280). Ch., b. 1st wife: Asa, b. Mar. 10, 1744, d. Apr., 1765; John, b 
May 3, 1746; Sarah, b. Aug. 28, 1748, m. Daniel Gates; Hannah, b. July 

28, 1750. m. John Shepard Gates; Martha, b. fulv 14, 1752; m. 

Whitnev ; Thaddeus, b. Sept. 15, 1754 ; Bettv, b.'Fe'b. 18, 1757, m. Jas. Mc- 
Farland'jr. ; Daniel, b. May 29, 1759, d. Sept. 16, 1776. By 2d wife: 
William, b. Feb. 19, 1765, m. Mary Gates, lived at the corner of Pleas- 
ant and Alooreland Sts. 

Aloore, John-' (3d) (Asa', James", Jacob-, JohnM. b. May .'J. 174(i. d. 
May 5, 1723; soldier in the Rev.; m. Persis Ga'tes ; m. (2) Apr. 24, 1776, 
Marv Gurney, who d. May 6, 1828 {\\\ S. A. \'ol. XXIV, p. 107). He 
d. O'ct. 30, 1831, aged 85 'y. Children, by 1st wife: Asa, b. Nov. 29, 
1768; Sally, b. Dec. 7, 1772, m. Joel Bixby ; Persis, b. Sept. 5, 1775; m. 

Goidthwaite. Bv 2d wife: Daniel, b. June 23, 1777; John, b. 

Jan. 27, 1778-9, m. Millea Gurney, Jan. 18, 1803; Molly, Sept. 8, 1780, 



AND ITS PEOPLE 191 

m. Nov. 21, 1197, Clark Whittcniore : Levi, h. Oct. 2, ITSO, m. Olive 
Gould. 

Moore, William^^ (Asa\ James', Jacolr, Jolin^), b. Feb. 19, 176.''), d. 
here June 5, 1833, aged 68 yrs. By 1st wife Patty, he had Polly, b. 
Sept. 8, 178-1. He m. (2) Feb. 11, 1789, at \\'atertown, Mary Gates, who 
died here. Dec. 24, 1809, aged 41 yrs. (g. s.). By her he had here : Sally, 
b. Aug. 31, 1791; Polly, b. Sept. 30,' 1793, d. Sept. 9, 1796; Harriet, d. 
here Sept. 1, 1796, aged 1 y. (g. s.) ; Josiah, d. Jan. 23, 1813, aged 22 yrs. 

Moore, Reuben'' (James', Jacob-, Johii^), b. here Nov. 8, 1731; m. 

Abigail ; m. (3) Mar. 24, 1746-7, Mary Bowker; d. intestate 1757 

(W. P. R. 41,561). Ch., b. here : Mary. b. July 16, 1744 ; Abigail, b. Apr. 
15, 1747; Benjamin, bapt. Oct. 16, 1748. 

Moore, Increase* (James^, Jacob-, JohnM, b. here Feb. 34, 1733. His 
brothers and sisters were his heirs, indicating that all his children d. 
young. By his 1st wife Comfort, he had Elizabeth, b. here. May 17, 
1734 ; by 3d wife Lvdia he had : Ezekiel, b. Mav 9, 1747, d. y. ; Lucretia, 
b. Mar. 17, 1749; Sibella, b. Sept. 6, 1751; Ezekiel, b. Jan. 33, 1757. 

Moore, Silas* (James', Jacob-, John'), b. Jan. 31, 1731, d. June 
10,- 1777, of smallpox; m. Feb. 4, 1761, Marv Jenuison, who d. here 
Dec. 10, 1815, (g. s.), aet. 76. Lived in Tatnu'ck. In 1766 bought land 
on Clark St. Bv wife Marv he liad here : Marv, b. June 14, 1763 ; Sarah, 
b. June 18, 1765'; Mary, bapt. June 21, 1767. 

Moore, James* (James', Jacob'-, JohnM, b. June 30, 1741, served in 
the Rev.; had here by wife Rebecca, who d. July 19, 1788, in 39th yr. 
(g. s.) ; Azubah, b. Dec. 33, 1769 ; Rebecca, b. Nov. 4, 1771 ; Lucretia, b. 
Oct. 29, 1774; James, b. Jan. 15, 1777; Rebecca, b. Apr. 10. 1780; Betsey, 
b. Nov. 27, 1782. 

Moore, Thaddeus^ (.\sa*, James-\ Jacob-. John*), b. Sept. 15, 1754, d. 
1793; had here by wife Tabitha (Green) (m. Dec. 11, 1777, in Leicester) : 
Nancy, bapt. Dec. 2, 1781 ; Willard, bapt. Aug. 18, 1782; Phinehas, bapt. 
Oct. 36, 1788. She m. (2) Aaron Temple, Jan. 38, 1798, in Boylston. 

Moore, Jonathan-^ (Jacob^, John'), m., May 30, 1721, Mary Fulham 
of Weston; d. here Apr. 17. 1732, intestate; wife Alary admx. (41,426). 
Children, b. heer: Eliphalet, b. Alar. :!. i:32; Asahel, b. Oct. 3, 
1723; Francis, b. July 25, 1726; Jonathan, m. Sarah (lates, Feb. 27, 
1754; Mary, b. Aug. 13, 1728; Judah, b. May 34, 1730. Jonathan was a 
cordwainer. He was of Sudbury, Jan. 2, 1717, when he bought land here 
of James Rice and he was here. May 30, 1731, when he sold land here to 
Moses Rice. Wid. m. 1733 Joseph Dana of Pomfret. 

Morse. — SamueP Alorse, b. Eng. 1585, came with wife Elizabeth in 
the ship Increase in 1635 ; settled in Dedham and was a town officer 
there; one of the founders of Medfield ; d. April 5, 1654. 

Morse, Joseph- (SannielM, b. in Eng. 1615; m. Plannah Phillips, 
who m. (3) Thomas Boyden ; she d. at Medfield, C)ct. 3, 1676. Joseph 
lived at Aledfield, W'atertown and Dedham. 

Morse, Capt. Joseph" (Joseph-, Saml.M, b. Sept. 36, 1648, at Dedham; 
settled in Sherborn ; m. (1) Oct. 17, 1671, Mehitable Wood; (2) Apr. 
11, 1683, Hannah Babcock. dau. of Robt. ; (3), Mav 17, 1713, Hannah 
(Baxter) Dver, wid, of Jos. He d. Feb. 19. 1717. 

Morse, 'Isaac* (Jos.^ Jos.=, Saml.^), b. Sept. 14, 1697; m. Elizabeth 
Drury, dau. of Thos. and Rachel, b. in Framingham, June 22, 1701. He 
d. 1749. He lived at Holliston. .Shrewsburv and Wor. Children: Isaac, 
b. Sept. 3, 1722; Elizabeth, b. 1725; Kezia'h ; Joseph, b. .'\ug. 2. 1739, d. 
here Nov. 25, 1745; Uriah, b. Jan. 31, 1730-1, soldier in the French War, 



192 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

1754, m. Mary Thomas; Caleb, b. Mar. 19, 1732, d. here Nov. IT, 1743; 
John, b. Feb. 25, 1736, m. Joanna Dewey of Westfield, soldier in F. & I. 
War; Hannah, b. 1738, m. Odoardo Thomas; Rachel, m. James Sadler; 
Sarah, m. Thomas Green. 

Morse, Isaac^ (Isaac**, Jos.-\ Jos.-, Saml.M, 1'. here Sept. 2, 1722; 
served in the Rev. ; lived here, Grafton and Leicester. By wife Ruth 
had here: Ruth, bapt. Aug. 4, 1750; William, bapt. May, 1756; Mary, 
bapt. April 20, 1760; Thomas, bapt. June 25, 1769, (served in Rev.); 
Obadiah, bapt. Sept. 3, 1771, at the funeral of his mother. 

Mower. — SamueF Mower, b. in Eng. about 161)0. d. May 8, 1760, in 
Wor. He came from the west of England (Wall. p. 351, and Mower 
Gen.), with his brother Thomas and sister Joanna, and settled in Maiden 
about 1714. He m. at Maiden Jan. 4, 1716, Elizabeth Sprague. He was 
an early settler of this town. Children, all b. here, except the eldest: 1. 
Elizabeth, b. Oct. 28, 1716; m. (1) Jonathan Lynde of Maiden; (2) 
Jedediah Tucker of Shrewsbury. 2. Abigail, b. Alay 8, 1718, m. Jabez 
Sargent of Maiden. 3. Captain Samuel, b. Oct. 18. 1720. 4. Capt. Eph- 
raim, b. in Maiden. Feb. 9, 1723. died in Leicester, Nov. 23. 1790; m. (1) 
Mary Belcher Wheeler, who d. Feb. 23, 1745; m. (2) Elizabeth Gar- 
field of Walthani, who d. Dec. 22. 1790; captain and deputv sheriff. 5. 
John, b. Dec. 18, 1724. 6. Lydia, b. Sept. 15, 1726. m. (1) Henry Ward 

of Wor.; (2) Trowbridge, and was grandmother of Col. Samuel 

Ward. 7. Jonathan, b. Apr. 23, 1730; d. 1813; m. Elizabeth Bemis of 
Spencer; settled in Charlton, and in 1798 in Greene, Me. 

Mower, Capt. Samuel- (SamueP), b. Oct. 18. 1720; d. Jan. 24, 
1784. He was a Loyalist and signed the Protest of 1774. but must have 
been reconciled to the Revolution, for he was a selectman a year after the 
war ended. He m. Comfort Learned of Oxford, dau. of Gen. Ebenezer 
and Deborah; m. (2) Sarah Leach, b. 1725, d. Oct. 10, 1774; m. (3) 
Esther Locke. Children: 1. Martha, bapt. July 'i'i. 1750, m. Samuel 
W'atson of Brookfield and settled in western X. Y. 2. Samuel, bapt. 
March 12, 1751-2; m. Nancy Ann Leach, and had 11 children; their 
daughter Sarah m. Maj. Charles Chandler (see Chandler) ; their son Na- 
hum was publisher of the Independent Gazetteer, two years ; their son 
Nathaniel was a hatter and father of Gen. Joseph A. Mower, comman- 
der of New Orleans in the Civil War. 5. Joanna, m. Apr. 28, 1754, 
Wm, Boyden. 6. Lucy, bapt. July 22, 1757, m. Israel Barret. 7. Eben- 
ezer, bapt. Oct. 10. 1760. .s." Aaron, bapt. Sept. 30, 1762. By wife 

Esther: 9. Henr\-. li. March 13, 1777, m. Hale of Putnev, Vt., and 

d. Mar. 14, 1808^ 

Mower, Capt. Ephraim- (Samuel'), b. in Maiden. Feb. 9, 1723; d. 
in Leicester, Nov. 23, 1790; m. (1) Mary Belcher Wheeler of W'or., 
who d. Feb. 23, 1745; (2) Elizabeth Garfield of Waltham, who d. Dec. 
22, 1790. He was captain of militia and deputy sheriff here. Children, 
b. here: 1. Timothv, b. Feb. 11, 1745-6, settled in Worthington. 2. 
Major Ephraim. b. jitne 15. 1748. 3. Thomas, b. May 23, 1750. 4. Wil- 
liam, b. Feb. 5, 175:5, d. Nov. 9, 1759. 5. Elizabeth, b. in Leicester, Julv 
28, 1762, d. Jan. 29, 1769. 

Mower, Major Ephraim^ (Ephraim-, SamuelM, b. here June 15, 1748, 
d. Dec. 22, 1810; m. Feb. 21, 1771, Huldah Hersey ; left no children. He 
was a hotel-keeper and stage proprietor in business at the corner of Main 
and Mechanic streets. He was one of the founders of the Second Parish 
church in 1785, elected collector at the first parish meeting in 1789. He 
was selectman 1790 to 1810, and chairman of the board: representative 








^.^,(1)^^^ '''''yo^rf^'''^ ■■''OcJll^^' 



'■.'OpV*'"" '^0U^.\' 



AND ITS PEOPLE 193 

to the GeiiL-ral Cuurt l.soii to Isld; court crier ISOO to I.S()1; charter 
niemlier of Alornillg Star Lo(l_t;e. l-'ree Masons. \\'X-\. 

Mower. Thomas" (Epliraim-, .Samuel'), h. here Ma\- 't'-\. ll'iO; il. 
Sept. 14, ISOd. Ill- moved to Leicester with his father when ten vi-ars 
old, and returned in \~i')'i, living afterward west of T.atnuck on the old 
JMower homestead near Leicester line. IK- m. .\nn.i I'.rown. dan. of 
James (See hJrown). She d. at ( )ak ( )rcliard. .\. \'.. Oct. '. . ISv'-.', aged 
G;> vrs. Children; \. James I'.rown. h. Xii\. ".Mi. i;;:!. d. |nne il, IS.V^'; 
clerk in Waldo's store, rem. to X. \". C'. '.'. Lphraim, h. June H. li^S. 
■3. Sarah, b. .\ug. ."). KSO; d. .Apr. i::, is.",.",. I. llnldah, h. (')ct. :i(). Ks-f; 
d. Oct. -JO, \X-H\. .-,. 'rh,,mas (lardner. 1>. h'eh. IS. W'M) : d. Dec. 7, IS.",:!; 
m. .Sarah .\nu Lntwistle. ilau. of ji,hn Hardm.an of .\. N'. ; graduate of 
Harvard ISIO; surgeon in L. S. army; serxed in tlie War of 1 s 1 ■.' and in 
Indian wars; at his death was senior surgeon l'. S. ai'nn' and chief med- 
ical pur\-e}or in X. V. city. (Sec p. !i .Mower (ii-n. 1>\ Ephraim Mower). 

Alower, Ephraim' (Thomas'. l£pliraim-'. Samuel'), 1). hert-. |une (>, 
l".s; d. Jan. I'.i, isc.",; m. .Vug. in, Isis, .\ancv Eliza Lovell, l',. Wri. 
and d. Feb. 18, LS'..'-^!, d.iu. of (.'ol. Ebenezer Li.vell of Wor. lie m. (v!) 
Dec. oL 182-2. Caroline Cutler, I,. l->h. 21. Km. d. I'el,. 24. Isi;;, dau. of 
Gen. John Cutler of Brooklield. 11} 1st wife; Helen Kip. B\- 2d wife: 
Ephraim, who moved to N. V. in is 12. m. .Xo\-. 2:1. ls.",4, Margaret ."so- 
phia Laidlaw of l-Jrooklvn, and had li\e children: (_'aroline Cutler, b. 
Nov. 2;. lS2(i, d. Apr. '.l,'lS!(:. num. 

Mower. Ebenezer" (Samuel-. Samuel'), I,. ( )ct. 10. KiK). d. l-'eb. 14, 
180L He remembered the raising of ( )ld .South Church, nu:!, and the 
marching of the minute-men to Lexington. When o\er loo \ears old, 
he votecl for Lincoln. He m. Sally Curtis. 1,. l-"eb. II, HCl, il. Mar. 
30, 184L Children; ILbenezer Earned, b. Dec. !•. GOO. d. Isl4; lohn. 
b. Sept. 22, 1702, d. A])r. i:), bS2S ; Eidiraim Curtis, b. ALar. 22, G'Jl, d. 
182S; Sewell, 1). Dec. 21. GO.",, d. Ahu". 22. ls:;i;; Charles, b. Dec. IC. 
1T9:, d. Sept. :. 1S45: Sally, b. .\ug. 2:1. Isuo, ni. 'bhos. Nichols and 
moved to -Spencer: Samuel Flagg, 1), Xov. 10, 1S02, d. Jan. Ki. is."i(i, m. 
Anna C. Litch of Boston. Nov. i:!, bs.'iO ; George W.. b. Alav 20. 1S()4. d. 
April L is:]."); Henrv, b. Dec. 0, ISO,"), d. fune 20, bS.",ii ; Eliza, b. Dec. 2.",, 
180S, d. ALay 22. iSiiO. m. Walter R. Bigelow of Wor., Dec. 2. 1S2S. 

Mower, Sewell, (grandson of Samuel), 1). about ll'iO; had here by 
wife Mehitable. son Willard. b. Nov. 1.",, Gss. at e hesterfield, X. 11. 

Mudd. — .Anthony Aludd bought of Wampos. the Indian, land here, 
Dec. 10, \V\'A\. Of him nothing further appears on record. 

Munroe. — George Munroe of Lexington bought land here, ]Mav .">, 
1727, of Thomas .Stearns, but the records indicate that he did not settle. 

Murphy. — William Alurphy settled in Worcester before 1747. and 
was probably Scotch-Irish. His family l)elonged to the r)ld South 
church, where tw-o children by wife Elizal)eth (--\lbee) were baptized — 
William, July 24, 1748, and John, Oct. 4, 17."iO. They left town soon 
afterward. Hannah Alby (.Vlbee) of this t(n\ n deeded to her son-in- 
law, William Murfey (sic) of Wor. ( »ct. 2S, G47. land liought of Na- 
thaniel .Spring. AIuri)h\' conve\e<l the land to b,seph Heath of Rox- 
bury, Nov. 13, 1747. 

Nazro. — Capt. Xathaniel Nazro settled in Worcester before the 
Revolution, but the only record of him is that found in the Rev. rolls. 
In 1790 there were three families of this surname in the state, of Axhich 
Mathew and Ste])hen of Boston and John of Worcester were the heads. 
They were jiresumaldv brothers. In 1700 John had a familv of 11. 
W.— I-i?. 



194 HISTUR)' OF IVORCESTER 

Nathaniel was captain-lieutenant in Wib; adjutant of Col. Thomas 
Crafts's Regt. of artillery in ITT'i; captain-lieut. of Col. Timothy Bige- 
low's regt.. reported discharged Nov. IT, 1 T TS. 

John Xazro. son or lirother of Nathaniel, had by wife Mary in this 
town: Pollv. h. .May i."). KM ; John. h. Nov. 28, 'lTT8: Nathaniel, b. 
Dec. 2, i::ii.'d. Oct. 2. IIMI : James, b. Feb. 5, ITSI ; .Stephen, b. Oct. 8, 
178:^, d. .\\>r.. \:M: .\nna, b. Mav 22. KSo; Henrv, b. July 3, 1787; 
Betsey, b. Nov. 18, 178i); Ursula Wells, b. Nov. l:i,' 1 :!i:i. The family 
left here soon afterward. Where did they go? 

Nazro, John (Nathaniel). In Gov. Levi Lincoln's sketches of num- 
bers of the Worcester Fire '.Society (]>. K> ) he says: 

John Nazro, the second on tlie list was born in Boston and at the time of the for- 
mation of the society (179*3) was the oldest of the associates and then in his fiftieth 
year. He also was a gentleman of good personal appearance, attentive to dress, wear- 
ing small-clothes and silver buckles, and of pleasant and urbane but somewhat formal 
manners. He was a merchant, and much esteemed for uprightness of conduct, and 
fair and honorable dealing in business. His store of English and West India goods 
was precisely on the site of Lovell's agricultural warehouse, opposite the city hall, and 
his dwelling house a little west from the corner of Main and Pleasant Streets, under 
the vastly spreading branches of a magnificent elm. the destruction of w'hich some of 
us remember but to lament, and for the loss of which, to the heart of sentiinent. not 
all the promised attractions of Allen's proposed hotel could be compensation. The 
family of Mr. Nazro constituted a part of the most charming society in the place, 
until an unhappy domestic occurrence destroyed its peace and induced him. over- 
whelmed with mortification and broken-hearted, to remove from the town. 

Negus. — William Negus, probablx' descended from Benjamin, who 
was in Boston in l(i4(), was an early settler here. P)y wife Persis he had 
here: Benjamin, b. Sept. :i. 17:50, and William, b. Oct. 23, 1732. He 
moved to Petersham and his will dated there, Nov. 3, l';74, proved Nov. 
14, 1778, beq. to widow Persis and children — Persis, William, Samuel, 
Joseph, Silas (exr. ), .\Lartha, Lucy: and grandsons, Jonas and Triphena 
Negus. 

Newton. — Kicliard' Newton, b. in luig. UIDI, settled in Sudbury 
about lii.'ill, and was a proprietor there. He was also one of the found- 
ers of Marlborough, and his farm was in what is now Southborough. 
His will was dated Sept. 8, liilKi, jiroved Now K, 1701, His first wife 
Anne was mother of most of his children: his second wife, Hannah, d. 
Dec. ."), 1(!!)7. He died, .\ug. 24, KOI, aged 100 years. 

Newton, John- (RichardM, b. at Sudbury. Oct. 20, 1(141, and d. at 
Marlborough, Oct. Ki, 1723. He m. ;it Marl.. Jan. or June ■"), KSIitt. Eliza- 
beth Lakin. dau. of Edward, of Charlestown, where she was b. .Se])t. o, 
1(J41 ; she d. at Marlb., Oct. 15, Klil. John was a proi)rietor (jf Alarlb. 
in liKiO; a housewright: deeded farms tti his children. He had ten 
children. 

Newton, Ensign Thoiuas'' (John-, Richard'), b. at \Larlborough, 
Dec 27 or 29, l(i:4, and d. at Westborough, Nov. 2, K46. He m. at 
Marl., .Aug. K, 1()!)8, Record Ward, dati. of Increase and Record. She 
was born at Marl., Ki", d. at Westb., Nov. 4. K4(i. He was active in 
the new town of Westb. set off in KK : selectman 1718-19-22-25-2!): one 
of the founders of the church. His will was proved in 1747. Children: 
Martha, b. June 1, 1(199, m. Isaac Toiulin : Thomas, b. .Sept. 7, 1700; Oba- 
diah, 1). Jan. C, KOl-2: Phelte, b. Sejjt. IS, 1704; Abner, 1). Mar. 21, 1708; 
Persis, b. -\]>r. 19, K13: lu. Lt. Eleazer Rice (See Rice); David, b. .Se])t. 
8(i, K14. 

Newton, ( )l)adiah^ (Thomas', John-, Richard'), b. at ^L'lr]'). Ian. (i. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 195 

llOs!, (1. in t'.raftmi May 11. i:."):!, (g. s.). lie ni. Abigail . Chil- 
dren 1). at Sv., W'fstl). and Graftun: Phineas, 1). Feb. '>. 172(1; .-Xbigail, 
b. June --'0, 'i;-.';: .Marshall, b. .\ug. 2;i. K^il, ni. (I) Eunice How and 
(2) Hannah ( Willard ) Roberts; Ruth. b. .Apr. 5, K:;:;. nr I'hineas Parks; 
Jonas, 1>. .\ug. ."), ]]■>:. ni. .Abigail Parker: John. b. July 11, WMK m. 
Sarah Wallis; Thaddeus. bapt." Aug. 2\. 1 ; 4:i ; Thaddeus. b. June -'A, 
i:4.j; Persis, b. Dec. ;i, 1 :.")(). 

.Xewton. Phineas'' (()badiah\ Thos.'. John-, Richard'), b. in .Sy. Feb. 
.'), KVii: d. in Croydon, X. H. He bought land here of Matthew Gray, 
June "-.'li. K41, when he was (jf (jrafton : of Benjamin Magg, .Vpr. 20, 
\~,'>Vi. when he was of the Country Gore. Children, .all bai)t. in (_)kl 
South church here: Phineas. bapt. .Aug. 4, K-JO. ni. .Mary Winchester; 
Obadiah, bapt. Oct. 21. 1 : .M . ni. Mehitable Whitney; Rachel, bajit. C)ct. 
]•"). K.")2 : r^.enjamin, bapt. .\])ril (i. \]'i'>. ni. .Mary Holbrook; Thankful, 
bapt. May ■.'!•,' Giit: Xabby. bapt. :\\>y. '.K K5^': John, bapt. Ajir. \% 
l',M: Jonas, bajjt. Aug. 2. GiiO; Sarah, Inqjt. .\\)r. 24, Kli:), ni. Daniel 
Gage: Jonas, bapt. Feb. :i, 17ii4, in. Tryjihena Pond; Rhoda. bajjt. Apr. 
21. Gii."). ni. Gershom Cumniings: Lucv. bajit. .Apr. 2:!. Ki>!t. m. Levi 
Pond. 

Xewton. Jonas' (()badiah'. Thos.', John-', Richard'), h- at .Sv. Aug. 
:>. 1::!:; ni. at Sy., May lH, I'.^J. Abigail Parker, b. at Sy .\i)r. 20. i:4(); 
dan. of Stephen Jr. and .Mjigail of Ro.xbury and .Sy. Children, bapt. in 
Old South Church: Jonas, bapt. Aug. 2, ITiiO; .Abigail, ba])t. Mar. 14, 
17(12. ni. William Olds of W'hitestone. X. V.: Jonas, bapt. F"eb. .S, ]:(i4; 
William Kennedv, ba])t. F"eb. 21. 17(1S; Xehemiah. Iiapt. Ian. 21. \'.',0; 
Molly. bai)t. Xov. IT. 17; 1. 

Xewton. John'' (C)badiali'. Thos.-. John-. Richard'), b. at Sy. July 
11, 17;i!), bapt. Grafton, July lo; m. Sarah Wallace, dau. of William 
and Eleanor, of Worcester, where she was 1). May Hi. 17 44. He settled 
in Worcester liefore Kpr. U. 17(i2. when he and his wife were "warned 
out." He left town during the Revolution. Children, I), here: Eliza- 
beth, i). .^.ug. 2. 17(12; Eleanor, b. .Apr. 10, 17(14; Thomas, 1). Xov. 17, 
17(;(;; William Wallace, b. Oct. 11. Kds. m. Lvdia Wells; Persis. b. 
Mar. 7, 1771 ; Sarah, b. Mar. 2(1. 177:1; Joshua. b.'Xov. 21. 1774, 

Xewton. Thaddeus'' (()badiah*. Thos.', John-, Richard'), b. at Graf- 
ton June 24, 174"); m. Jane . He rem. to Montgomery or Dum- 

merstoii, \'t. Children, b. here: Clark. 1). .\]ir. 1(1, 17(i.j; Marv. b. 
May 14, 17(17 ; .Amasa, b. .Apr. i;». 17(11); Charles, b. iMar. 27, 177 1. 

Xewton, Benjamin'' (Phineas", ()badialP, Thos.\ John-, Richaril'), 
b. here, Alay (>, 17-")5, and d. here ISll. His will was allowed, .Se])t. '■'>. 
1811. He m. Molly Holbrook. He was a soldier in the Revolution in 
Cai)t. Edw. Hodges's Co. 177 7, and was pensioned late in life. Children, 
b. here: .Abigail, b. Mar. 4. 1771), m. William Xewton; Alary, 1), Aug. 4, 
1780, m. Moses Cleveland; Esther, b. Feb. 11, I7S2; Benjamin, b. .Sept. 2, 
ITSS, m. Sabra Titus; Thankful, b. Mar. 2. 17S."), m. Solomon Munroe; 
Susannah, b. Apr. 22, 178(1; Anna and Roxanna, b. May 9. 1789; Sarah, 
b. Alar. 10, 1790, m. Rev. Elisha Fiske of Wrentham ; Harriet, b. Nov. 11, 
1791; Daniel, b. June 20, 1794. 

Xewton, Ezra" (Charles'', Elisha'. Moses'. Moses-, Richard'), b. at 
Sy. Xov. 22, 1774, d. here Apr. 10. 18(1;!. m. Lucy Howe; settled here, and 
had Ezekiel, Charles and Abraham FL 

Rejoice Xewton, lawyer, born Oct. 11. 1782, at Greenfield, son of 
Isaac, died Feb. 4. 18(18. in Worcester. He graduated at Dartmouth. 
18()7 ; was admitted t(j the l)ar in is 10, and began to jiractice here in part- 



196 HISTORY OF JVORC ESTER 

nership with Hon. Francis Blake, continuing until Apr., Isl4. He was 
county attorney until 1824: representative in 1829-.'50-;n : state senator 
in 1834. He owned much real estate, including Newton Hill, now part 
of Elm Park. 

In 182(i he formed a law partnership with W'illiaiu Lincoln, a 
brother-in-law. lasting to the end of his life. He was a leader of the bar 
and a man of the greatest influence in this city for many years. Por- 
traits of Mr. and Mrs. Xewton are in the possession of the estate of his 
daughter. Mrs. Hester Wetherell. Children, li. here: Daniel Lincoln, 
b. Nov. •■^4. IS 18. d. June 30. 18-20; Levi Lincoln, b. Aug. 20. 1820, d. Oct. 
21. I84r. unm.; Hester, b. June 1. 1823, died Sept. T, 1899. 

Nichols. — Richard' Nichols, b. in Eng., came to Ipswich in 1646, 
then to Reading: d. Nov. 22. l(j';4, leaving a will beq. to wife Ann, son 
John, et al. 

Nichols, John- (Richard'), m. Abigail Kendall, dau. of Dea. Thomas 
of Reading. Both John and wife d. in 1T21. 

Nichols, James-' (John-, Richard'), b. Oct. 28. 1688. 

Nichols, James'' (James", John-, Richard'), b. at Reading June 13, 
1719: m. Alar. 5, 1T39, Hannah Eaton. He rem. to this town about 1T48. 
He was of Reading. June 24, 1748, when he bought land here of Daniel 
Bigelow. He was here. May 14, 1750, when he bought land of Benjamin 
Flagg, Jonas Rice and John Chadwick. Children, b. at Reading: James, 
b. Jan. 31, 1741-2, m. here, Oct. 18, 1763, Jemima Morris: Jonas, b. Apr. 
27, 1745, m. here, Dec. 13, 1770, Hannah Boyden : Edmund, b. Mar. 11, 
1747-8. Born here: Hannah, b. Jan. 13, K.io-l, m. Aug. 31, 1769, Peter 
Boyden: Thomas, b. Oct. 4. 1750: Jonas, b. May 9. 1771. (soldier in 
the' Rev.). 

Nichols. Edmimd"' (James\ James". John-. Richard'), b. at Read- 
ing Mar. 11. 1747-8. He m. Elizabeth and had here: Elizabeth, 

b. Sept. 2i\, 1770: Edmund, b. Apr. 12, 1773. 

Nichols, Capt. Thomas'' (James'', James'', John-, Richard'), b. at 
Wor. Oct. 4. 175(), soldier in the Rev.: d. Mar. 17, 1820, (g. s.). He m. 
Elizabeth Green, dau. of Jabez of Leicester. She d. Aug, 10. 1846. Chil- 
dren, b. here: Thomas, b. Aug. 22, 179:!. d. v.; Thomas, b. Tuh- 16, 
1797. 

Nichols, Dr. Thomas, died here Dec. 9, 1794, (g. &.). His will was 
dated Dec. 22, 1792, proved Jan. 7. 1795. beq. to wife Keziah and chil- 
dren — Betty, (wife o'f Jonathan Bally (?): Rachel, (wife of Nathan 
Gleason), (m. Jan. 11, 1776); Thomas. He was b. in Danvers, 1711-2, 
rem. to Sutton and thence in 1768 to Worcester where he was one of the 
early physicians. He bought a farm on what is now Mooreland St. His 
son Thomas d. in Spencer. 

Noyes. — Nicholas' Noyes came with his brother James in 1633-4 in 
the ship Mary and John; settled in Newbury, and was town officer and 
deacon: returned to Eng.. and came again in 1639; m. Mary, dau. of 
Capt. John Cutting; d. Nov. 23. 1701. aged 83. (See Noyes Gen.). 

Noyes, John- (Nicholas'), d. 1691 ; m. Mary Poor of Andover. 

Noyes, Nicholas" (John'-, Nich.'), b. at Newbury. Aug. 18, 1671 ; m. 
1695, Sarah Lunt ; removed to Abington with brother Samuel in 1712 ; d. 
Nov. 8, 1718. 

Noyes, John' (Nich.'. John'-. Nich.'). b. at Newbury Dec. 6, 1699; 
d. Dec. 18, 1792; m. Elizabeth Poole; lived at Abington. 

Noyes, John'* (John'', Nich.-*, John'-^, Nich.'), m. Sarah Hersey; lived 
at P>ridgcwater, Sharon, and Worcester, returning to Bridgewater in 



AX I) ITS PROPLli 197 

l"l("i. I If was a sdldii-r (Jii the Lcxingtun Alarm in tlu- l\r\ ulutinn. 
Children: Jnhn, Sarah. I'.ela anil Le\i. 

Xovi's. I'.cla" ( |uhn\ John', Nich.', |iihn-, Nich.'), 1>. at Uridj^u- water, 
July ■.'().' 1;:,; ; m. Elizaheth .Mahan (Set- Alahan). lie d. Aug. '.' 1 . l«;i:5. 
Jle li\ed in liridgewater, Worcester. Oxford and Norway, Me. He 
served in the kexolutinn. Children li\- wife Elizabeth, baptized here: 
Sarah. .\'ov. '.M. KS-.'. and Asa. April 'is. i:s4. Other chihlren ; Wil- 
liam, b. .Ma} '.".'. HM ; .Sarah and .Asa: lames, Samuel. John, liela. Levi, 
P.etse\' .and M :w\ . 

Oakes. — William' ( )akes (ancestr\- not traced) had here by wife 
Aliigail : Sarah, b. Aug. <!•"). i;.");; William, b. |une IS. K.'ilt: .\bigail, 
li. .S'ept. 14. KCI; Eleanor, b. Dec. :iO, i;r,.4: e'jdvin. b. Mar, i:. i:G5; 
John. 1). May :. KWt: Katherine, bapt. May 'i. i::-.', William Oakes 
bought of (iardner Chandler land here. Mar. 1"). lirii). 

Oakes. Simon, [jroliablv brother of Willi.im. li\'ed here also, and d. 
here Aug. :!(). \\','-\. He had here bv wife Rhoda: lo;uma. bapt. May 
i;>, i:(i4': Lucretia, 1). July 14. li;'l; Katharine, bai.t. May ■"). nT'i; 
Edward, b. Dec, W. II'M. 

Osborne. — John- ( )slK.]rne Jr., son of John' of Hopkinton. a Scotch- 
Irish settler, m. (int. Nov. 'I'-K K4S), Jane Gray of Worcester. She was a 
memlier of Old -South church and her son Matthias or Mathew was bapt. 
there. Dec. 8, 1T<)4. The Wor. records ajjparently err in giving lT(i8 as 
the year of marriage. The birth of Mathew is recorded at Hoiikinton, 
Dec. ■'), \'i't'.'). (.See Hopkinton vital records for other cliildren. etc.). 

C)sborn, Israel, ancestry not traced, died here, insolvent, in ISOO. and 
the names of children, if any, are not known. 

Osland. — Simon' Oslancl, b. in Eng., son of Francis, was in Water- 
town in T(;42. 

Osland, Humphrey- (Simon'), m. Elizalieth Hyde. 

Osland, John- ( Hiimphrey-, Simon'), b. Oct. 1(»', \W,\). d. i; lo; lived 
at Newton. 

Osland, Jonathan' (John', Humjihrey-, .Simon'), b. Jan. :i(l. K0(;; 
lived at Newton: m. Temperance Stowell in K.'ld and had at Newton: 
Esther, b. Aug. 'i'>. IT.'iS; Hannah, m. William Kurrage, came to Wor- 
cester and had here: John. b. h'eb. 14, \',A'l: Jonathan, b. Feb. l.">. 174.")- 
tl. His will dated at Wor., Feb. -.M, 17*;;. tiled" Mar. it, I ML beep to wife 
Temperance and children: John, Esther (wife of Sanuud Dana), and 
Jonathan. 

Osland, John' (John'. Huniijhre}-. Simon'), came to Worcester. He 
appears to ha\e had im wife (ir children. His will, dated Now K, 1770, 
proved Feb. "J"), li7 1, beip to Esther Dana, brother Jonathan, and to 
his mother. 

Osland, Jonathan'' (Jonathan-*, John'. Hum])hrey-', Simon'), b. here, 
Feb. ]■"), 1 74.j-(i ; removed to Paxton after the Revolution, and d. there, 
bso!). His will, dated June 5, ISO!), jjroved July 4, ISO!), be(|. to chil- 
dren — Samuel, John Foster, Mary. Sarah, Betsey, Sojihia, Parnel. For 
further records, see the will of Mary Osland, daughter of John, in ISIO, 

Ott. — If the history t)f Thoinaston, ]\Ie., is correct, Thomas Ott was 
one of the few Germans, if not the onh' settler of German birth, in this 
town before the Revolution. Peter or his wife Lydia must have joined 
the Old South church, for they had two children, Elizabeth and Peter 
bapt. there Dec. 'io, 1758, He had lived in Boston for a time and went 
probably from Worcester to Rockport, Me., of which he was one of the 
first settlers. He lived to a great age and was blind during his last years. 



lyS HISTORY Of WORCESTER 

His daughter Elizabeth ni. William Harkness. For descendants of 
Peter Jr., see the Thoniaston hist. \). -l^l. 

Oulton. — John Oulton of Marl)lehead traded in real estate liere, was 
a proprietor, and bought and sold much land, but did not make his home 
here. 

Paine. — Ste])hen' Paine. 1). in Kng.. came here from Great ElHng- 
ham. Co. Norfolk, in Kio.S. and settled at Hingham. removing about 1643 
to Rehoboth of which he was one of the founders. His wife Neele, d. 
there. Jan. "^0, HHiO, and he m. ('i) Alice Parker, widow of William of 
Taunton. She d. J)ec. 5, 1082. 

Paine, Nathaniel- (Stephen'), lived in Reholjoth. a leading citizen; 
d. in Boston KiTH, leaving a wife Elizabeth and one son Nathaniel. 

Paine, Nathaniel' (Nathaniel-, Stephen'), b. at Rehoboth, Oct. 18, 
KiGI ; m. Dorothy l\ainford, dau. of Judge Jonathan of Boston. Her father 
was judge of the Court of Common Pleas and Councillor. Paine d. Feb. 
28, 1T23. In ITOd he was a])pointed on a committee to consider the 
ex]jediency of settling anew the town of Worcester in accordance with 
the request of some of the proprietors. His wife d. Jan.. Ko.j. His son 
Stephen was register of probate of Bristol County and judge of the Court 
of Common Pleas. 

Paine. Nathaniel* (Nathl.", Nathl.-. Stephen'), was b. in Bristol, now 
in P. I., Mar. 9, 1688; d. there 172!); m. June 25, 1713, Sarah Clark, dau. 
of Timothy of Boston. His widow m. Judge John Chandler of W'or. 
He was representative from Bristol •") yrs. ; in 1723, member of the court 
of admiralty for the trial of pirates; in 1724, judge of the Court of 
Common Pleas, continuing on the bench until he died. His dau. Dor- 
othv, m. Judge John Chandler of Wor. (See Chandler). 

' Paine, Timo'thy' (Nathl.\ Nathl.-'. Nathl.-, Ste])hen'), was b. at Bris- 
tol, July 8, 1730, after the death of his father, and he came to this town 
with his mother, when she married Judge Chandler. His social standing 
is indicated by his rank as lifth, according to the dignity of his family, 
wdien graduating from liarvard, 1748. In Kol he was appointed clerk 
of courts of the county, and continued until driven from office in 1774 by 
the Whigs; register of probate from 1757 to 1767: register of deeds, 
1761-1774; special justice of the Supreme Court in 1771, and Councillor 
176.3-68. He was town clerk, 17."J4-64: selectman 17.-)4-64, and again 
1766-1775; representative ]755-57-59-6()-(il-62-88-,S9. In 1789 he was can- 
didate for Congress but his opponent made use of the fact that Mr. Paine 
had been appointed mandamus councillor l)efore the war, causing his 
defeat. After his appointment as councillor he was visited by a crowd 
of nearly 3,000 deliberately collected from various towns in the county. 
Each delegation apjiointed a committee, and the committee thus formed, 
being too large for the purpose, a sub-committee was chosen to wait 
u]Jon Judge Paine and demand his resignation of the obnoxious office. 
Similar action was taken in the case of the other councillors. Of course 
the committee got the resignation, and the judge came to the Common, 
where his acknowledgment was read repcatedl\ . The gathering, hav- 
ing attained its purpose, then dispersed, except for a body of 500 men 
who went to Rutland to force Judge Murray to resign as councillor. 
Murray married Lucretia. a sister of Timothy Painc's wife. The daugh- 
ters of John Chandler were known as the "Seven Stars." 

It is related that Mr. Paine's wig fell or was knocked from his head 
during the proceedings, and that from that day he never wore a wig, 
giving that article of adornment to his slave Worcester. In the early 



AND ITS r nor LI: 



1 90 




OLD HEYWOOn TA\"ER\. 

Which >t.)nfl on si'ic • i bay Si:atC ': 




NATHAX PATKTK HOUSE. 
Corner Market a'ld Main Streets 



200 HISruRY OF JJ-(>RCESTER 

days of the war some soldiers quartered in his house expressed their 
feelings for Tories by cutting the throat of his full-length portrait. Lin- 
coln says : "Solid talents, practical sense, candor, sincerity, ability and 
mildness were the characteristics of his life." He died July IT, 1793. 

"Madame" Paine, as she was generally called, was perhaps the most 
outspoken Loyalist of either the Chandler or Paine families. When 
President John Adams was a young man, he was invited to dine with 
the court and bar at the house of Judge Paine. When the wine was 
circulating around the talile. Judge Paine gave as a toast, "The King." 
Some of the Whigs were about to refuse to drink it, but Mr. Adams 
whispered to them to comply, saying, "we shall have an opportunity to 
return the compliment." .\t length, when he was desired to give a 
toast, he gave "The Devil." .A.s the host was about to resent the indig- 
nity, his wife calmed him and turned the laugh upon Mr. Adams by 
immediately exclaiming, "My dear! As the gentleman has been so kind 
as to drink to our King, let us by no means refuse in our turn to drink to 
his." Madame Paine, in passing the guard-house, which was near 
where the Nashua Hotel stood later in Lincoln .Sq., heard the soldiers 
say, "let us shoot the old Tory." She turned, facing them, and said, 
"Shoot if you dare." And then she rejiorted to Gen. Knox the insult she 
had received, w hich was not repeated. She then lived in a house nearly 
opposite on Lincoln St. It was in the dcjor of this house, tradition says, 
she j)laced herself when the Whig soldiers came to carry off her loyal 
husband and told them they should not enter except over her ])rostrate 
body. The soldiers retired. 

Judge Paine's house was situated at the lower part of Lincoln street 
and with e.xception of Gov. John Hancock's house was the only one on 
the street. The building of the Oaks had not been completed. "In per- 
son she was short and fleshy. She was very blonde and had a pretty 
face. She used to boast of her horsemanship, while residing on Long 
Island, her mother's home. Judge Paine was allowed to remain here 
during the Rev. and his projjerty was not confiscated. 

Children: 1. Dr. William Paine. 1). June ■"), 17."J(). 2. Timothy, b. 
Jan. -"i, l*.")"^, d. Dec. '-i'-K K7."), at Mendon. unm. 3. Samuel, b. .A.ug. 23, 
1753. d. here June 21, isO:. 4. Hannah, b. July 22, IT.JO, d. here .April 
2, 1841 ; m. Ebenezer 1:! radish of Cambridge, Natchez, Miss., and this 
town; graduate of Harvard 1T69; clerk of courts, Aliddlesex county; 
lovalist. ■"'). Nathaniel, b. Apr. 11, IT,");; d. Dec. 25, IT.jr. (i. Nathaniel, 
b.'jan. ."), 1 :.")!). :. Anthonv, b. Nov. 13, ITfiO; d. ]u\\ 8, 1T88, druggist. 
8. John, b. July 26. i:62; d. Dec. 23, 1832, unm. " 9. Sarah, b. Mar. 28, 
1704; d. Dec. 24, 1841 ; m. Jan. 11, 1786, James Perkins Jr., son of James, 
of Boston. 1(1. Elizabeth, b. Jan. 12, l"7ii6; d. July 12, 1832; m. Dr. 
Joseph Trumbull of Petersham and Worcester: their son George .-Vugus- 
tus, b. Jan. 17, 1793; d. Aug. 17, 1868; bookseller, jiublisher of the Spy, 
cashier of the Central Bank, 1829-36. (See biog. ). 

Paine, Dr. William'' (Timothy"', Nathaniel*, NathanieP, Nathaniel", 
Stephen'), was b. here June 5, 17.J0: graduated at Harvard in 1768, his 
name standing second in the catalogue, according to "dignity of family." 
He studied medicine under Dr. Edward A. Holyoke of Salem, and began 
to practice in this town in 1771 in connection with the business of apothe- 
carv. In 17 72 in partnership with Dr. Levi Shepard and Ebenezer Hunt. 

He was, naturally enough, a Loyalist, and active in opposition to 
the \\ hig movement before the Revolution. He is credited with being 
joint autiinr of the famous ])rotest, generally credited to James Putnam. 



.4XD ITS PEOPLE 20I 

Dr. I'aine simhi attt-rward left tuwn, whert- lie remained until the spring 
of n^."). but, as the war had begun, he was unable to return Ikjuu-, and he 
returned to l.iverpool and continued his medical studies abroad, receiv- 
ing the degree of M. D. from Marischal College at Aberdeen, lie was 
ap])ointed apothecary of British forces in America. He ser\e(l with the 
British in N. Y. and R. I. In Oct., ITSl. he was admitted Licentiate of 
the Royal College of Physicians of London. He returned to America 
in 1182, landing in New York in .March, and in f )ctober was appointed 
Surgeon General of the British arm\- by .Sir (iuv Carleton. He was 
ordered to Halifax, and remained there on dutv until the troops were 
reduced in 17S;i, when hi' was discharged on half-paw 

In the summer of lis4 1 >r. I'aine tmik possessicm (jf La Tete, an 
island in l'as,sania(|uoddy Bay, granted him by the English government 
for his service in war. He wrote to his brother Nathaniel in June, KS-t: 
"I am going to move, bag and tiaggage, to Passamaquoddy. I have 
already erected a house on the island, which is the spot upon which I 
intend to reside." Hut nn .iccnunt of the lack (if societv and schools, he 
returned in KS.") to St. John, and liegan to practice there. 

He was appointed by Cow Thomas Carleton on the first board of 
aldermen of the city, and in H.'sii was unanimously elected alderman 
from Sidne\' ward. He was assemblyman, clerk of the house and speaker 
of the assembly for a short time. In (Jet., 178o, he was appointed 
de])uty Surveyor-General of Woods in the Province of Nova Scotia, "all 
other His Majesty's Territories in America" by Sir John Wentworth, 
with orders "carefully to stirvey and diligently make and register such 
white pine trees as may now or hereafter be fit for use of the Roval 
navy." He retained this jtosition until the summer of 17ST. when, the 
act of banishment ha\'ing been repealed, he came to Salem with the per- 
mission of the American war office and practiced there. In CH.'l, after 
his father died, he came to this town, and occupied the paternal estate 
on Lincoln street. "The Oaks," now owned by the Col. Timothy P)ige- 
low Chapter. Daughters of the American Revolution. Until 1S12, how- 
e\er, he was on half-pay ($ltO(l) as a British oflicer. When war brdke 
out again, he was called upon to serve. Init he declined, resigning his 
commission. In June, ISPi. he petitioned the legislature for the rest(jra- 
tion of his citizenship. In IK'.'M he ceased to l)e a British stibject under 
a s])ecial act but was never reconciled ti_) the indejiendence of the 
country. 

Dr. Paine was one of the founders of the .\merican Antitjuarian 
Society and its first vice-president. He died here, A\>v. 111. ls:i:i. 

He married, .Sept. 22, 177.'!. Lois ( )rne of Salem. Children: 1. 
Esther Orne, li. Aug. Ls, 1774. •.'. Hari-iet, b. Nov. Bi. 177S. d. Dec. •.'(), 
177S. ;?. Harriet, b. Nov. 2], 177!i. 4. William, b. Nov. 2, 17S;!, d. unm. 
July 21. lSo4. at Batavia. :>. Elizabeth Putnam, li. at St, John, N. B., 
June 26. ]7lSli, d. here. (i. Frederick ^^'illiam. b. at Salem. Alay 23, 17<S8. 

Paine, Frederick William' (Dr. William'', Timoth}-'', Nathaniel*. Na- 
thaniel'', Nathaniel-, StephenM, was b. at Salem Ma}' 23, J 788, and came 
here with his father in Kll-'i. He S])ent one year in Harvard and then 
engaged in business. In 180(i and llSOli he made voyages around the 
world: in 1818 he went abroad and stayed four years, representing the 
firm of James and Thomas H. Perkins of Boston. He returned to this 
town about 1816 and made his home here taking an active part in pul)lic 
affairs; being a representative in 1829: selectman, 1827-31, and most of 
the time from 1838 to 184IJ: assessor m(jst of the time from 1S2K to 1848. 



202 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

He was interested in iKH'ticulture and his garden at The Oaks was 
famous for its flowers and fruit. For many years he was an influential 
member of the Worcester Co. Horticultural Society, and its treasurer 
many years. He was a valualile memljer of the American Antiquarian 
Society and served on the council, giving generously to the library. His 
jirivate library at the time of his death was one of the largest and best 
in the state. He was always a scholar. At the age of fourteen he was 
employed to correct the ])roofsheets of the first Greek Testament \n\h- 
lished in North America. He died here. Sept. 10. ]8G!t. 

He married May "). 1,S".?"2. Ann Cutting Sturgis. dau. of Hon. Russell 
Sturgis. Children:" 1. William Russell. "b. Jan. ^(i. \i^-i:\. t. Elizabeth 
Orne. b. Mar. 2:. bs-.'i;. ;i. James Perkins, b. Dec. IC, 18-^7. 4. Mary 
Pickard-. b. March i:), 18:!0. .">. George Sturgis. b. June 4, 18;i:5. 6. An- 
nie Gushing, b. March 5. 18:!(;. d. Nov. lit. 18;;!. 

Paine. Nathaniel'' (Timothy''. Nathaniel*. Nathaniel'. Nathaniel-, Ste- 
phen'), was b. here Aug. .">. 1 *.")!•; graduated from Harvard in li^ll; read 
law in the oflice of Hon. John S])rague of Lancaster and was admitted 
t(i the bar in ITSl. After practicing five years in Groton. he located here. 
He was representative in 178!I-9SI-1 800 ; county attorney for the same 
])erio(l; appointed judge of probate Jan. 24. 1804, and served until 18IU5, 
when he resigned on account of ill health. He was one of the founders 
of the American Antiquarian Society and a councillor. Gov. Lincoln 
said of him : "He was of bland and courteous manners, an inquiring 
and observing habit, rare colloc|uial powers and a memory so singularly 
retentive as to become a perfect storehouse of historic fact and jiersonal 
anecdote; he was a most instructive and delightful companion." 

His home was on the north corner of Main and Pleasant streets, 
and his mansion was taken down in 1844 and removed to Salem street to 
make way for the brick building erected there by bis son Charles. He 
owned 100 acres bounded east and south by Main and Pleasant streets. 

Jle m. Dec. 18. K8.j. Elizabeth Chandler, daughter of Gardiner (See 
Chandler). He d. here Oct. T, 1840. Children: 1. Nanc\- Leonard, 
1). Nov. 2.), i;8(;, (1. Jan. 8, 180-2. 'i. Charlotte, b. Aug. !), 1788. S. Na- 
thaniel Anthonv, b." Nov. lit, 17!)1. d. Feb. !). 1819, unm. 4. Sarah 
Chandler. 1). Nov. 29. 1794. d. here Oct. l-n 1840. .5. Gardiner, b. May 
23. 1799, fatlier (jf the late Nathaniel Paine, banker. (See biographv). 
G. Henry, b. Aug. 12. 1801. 7. Charles, b. .\ug. 12, 1804. 

Palmer. — Palmer Cjoulding was named for Thomas Palmer, one 
of the founders who made the name well kno\\n here, though the Palmer 
family did not settle. Palmer lived in Boston, dealt in real estate and 
mortgages. John Bowker. of this town mortgaged house and land to 
Palmer, John Oulton and Cornelius Waldo. Feb. 27. 1719; Moses Leon- 
ard to the same men. Jan. !•"). 1722-3. Palmer Goulding sold land to 
Thos. Palmer here, Nov. 2. 1728; John Grav sold him land. Sept. 28, 
1727; Richard Wheeler. Mar. IfS, 1727-8; Nathaniel Jones, Oct. 15. 1729. 
So the list continues, year after year. 

Parker. — Thomas' Parker, ancestry not traced, was b. aliout 1700. 
He was here March (i. 1725. when he bought land on French River of 
James Rice. He deeded land Feb. 2, 172ii-7, to Elijah Cook. He was a 
joiner by trade. By wife Amity he had here: William, b. July 8. 1723; 
Aaron, b. Mar. 5, 1724-5; Ezra, b. Mar. 19, 1728; Zachariah, b. Feb. 1(), 
1730-1, d. Ian. 14, 17;!(;-7: .\niitv, b. about 1730, d. June 12. 1743; Eliza- 
beth, b. Dec. 7. 17 32: Mary, b.'jan. 3. 1735; Asa, b. Jan. 2, 1730-7: Ja- 



AND ITS PI-OPLF. J03 

col), Ii. Oct. -.'.S, i::;s; I'hiiu-has. li. Ai>ril Id. K4-;;: Maniiah. h. juiu- Id, 
1: la. (1. Dec. .s. 1: IS. 

i'arker, William- ( Tlioiiias' ). 1'. in WOr. July S, 1 ;•.':;, d. here .Sept. 
!', ISOI, aged l.s years. It is believed that Elizabeth, who died here, Sept. 
y."), ISO!, was his wife, and that William and John were his sons. 

I'arker, Ezra- (Thomas'), was b. here Mar. 1'.), IV.'S. l',y wife M.iry 
he had Ezra. b. here .Aug, 4, Wi'i'.K lli- lixed in Wur. 

I'arker, William" ( Willianr, Thomas' ), !>. KC-.'. d. here .May \-i. lS4-i, 
aged 82 yrs. ]'>v wife Azubah he ha<l here: llenr^•, b. \i)\'. ".'I, Ks."); 
Sally, b. Sept. :!,' Ks; ; Sarah, bapt. julv C, KSS; ['ully, b. ( )ct. '.'. \::>\ : 
Thomas, b. Oct. .'i, I ;!»•"■): FJiza, d. Sqit. v!."). ]SO-i. 

I'arker, John" (William-, Thomas'), b. }'4S, d. l'"eb. l'.', IS:;,S, aged 
!<0 vrs. ; wife Welthian, d. here .aged fl!i \rs. (g. s. ). Children, b. here 
by wife Welthian: Mar\ , b. Mar! lH, K f:, ; ICli/.abeth, b. Jan. i:i, \::: : 
John, b. July -i-K i::!i: 'I'hinehas, b. Oct. ■.';, Ksl: Wifli.am, b. Mar. 
b"). i:s4;' Jo'nas, b. .\])ril •.';, Kss: Welthene, b. .Aug. :il. KIM); (.har- 
lotte, d. .Aug. KDfi: Luce L.-me. b. .Apr. -.'■.'. isoo. 

Parmenter, — (ieorge I'armenter was one of the proprietors in 1117, 
li\'ed here for a time, but remo\'ed tiiially to Sudbur_\- : was administrator 
of Digory .Sargent, who was killed by the Indians. The first of the fam- 
ily was John, b. in Eng.. settled in Roxbury : descendants are numerous 
in .Sudbury and \'icinity. His grandson (jeorge, son of |ohn Jr., m. Han- 
nah Johnson, daughter of SolouK^n (f|. \-.). 

Patch. — James' Patch, b. in Eng.. settled in .Salem as earl_\- as 1(14(1, 
and Ii\'ed on the Pieverh" side; had b\- wife Hannah: lames, lune 

Patch, James- (James'), b. Jime 2\. \i>->'). at Salem: d. \','->.\; rem. 
to Iijswich ; m. (2) Mary Thomiison, widow of David. 

Patch, Uea. John'' (James-, James'), d. at Ipswich .\ng. ', . 17S'.), aged 

90 yrs. He m. Oct. 1S,"];21, Alercv Potter; ( •.' ) Rachel who d. 

Mar. 4, 1808. aged 80 yrs. He lived at Ipswich Hamlet (Hamilton). 
(John Sr. and Jr. were both b. lH'.t'.t). 

Patch, Nathan* (John .Sr.', James'-', James'), bapt. at Ipswich Oct. 5, 
1735; m. (I) Hannah Whijiple' ( int. Dec. 14, 17.")(1): (2) Dec. 2(i. 17(10. 
Eunice Adams of Worcester. He \\as of Ijiswich. He came here 
about 17 72 and bought land here of David Aloore on the North River 
between W. and Holden Feb. 8, 1773, and of Edward Crafts of W. land 
here. Dec. -,'1. i;;;. 

He signed the Tory I'rotest of 1774, but after being proscrilied 
recanted and became an active Whig; served as a soldier and active in 
raising su])plies for the arm_\-. Afterward he was constable and tax col- 
lector. He was somewhat eccentric and litigious. For years he retained 
Levi Lincoln Sr. as his counsel at $r>00 a }ear. He bought land here 
and in the West: s])eculated in lotteries, etc.; had his tips and downs 
but was eventually the richest man in town in his day. He built the U. 
S. Arms (now Exchange) Hotel in 1784. 

Besides the children mentioned in his will, he had a son Nathaniel, 
with whom he was in business here, Init who became estranged, went to 
Boston, accumulated a fortune as a merchant and ship Iiroker and died 
before his father, intestate, and without wife or issue, and his father 
inherited his entire estate of $132.dOO. 

His will dated May 22, 1808, ])roved July 5, 1808. beep to wife Eunice 
and children, Hannah March; Lucy: Sarah Porter; Henry; Joseph; Josh- 
ua, and to chilflren of son Nathan. The will of his wife Eimice. dated Jan. 



204 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

31, proved Aug. ;i, l.sKi. beq. to Joshua: Hannah March: Sarah Porter 
and Lucy Patch. 

Patch, Henry'' (Nathan'), m. here. Feb. 8, 1781, Hannah Moore. 
His will Oct. 11. isi;), proved May 3, ISl-t, beci- to wife Hannah and 
children. Etinice How. Jemima (wife of Thomas Stevens), Eleanor War- 
ren, Bethsheba Lazell and grandson Henry Patch How (son of Eunice). 
Children, b. here: Dorothy, b. Pel). Hi, KSti : Eunice, b. Sept. 14, 178."); 
Mina, b. Sept. 4, 1787; Eleanor, b. Feb. Vi, 17!)0; Bathsheba, b. |ulv 
19, 179^: Antlaf, b. Aug. 30, 17!»(i: Alden, b. Oct. ."), 18()(). 

Patch, Lucy" (Nathan^, d. unm. 18:i;). Her will. .\i)ril li. 183!), 
proved Aug. 6, 1839, beq. to Nathaniel Paine; Hannah, (wife of William 
Eaton Jr.); ^lary W., (wife of .Sewall Holbrook); Clarissa, (wife of 
Rufus Porter); Caroline, (wife of Augustus Waters); Andrew Patch: 
John A. Patch: Abigail, (wife of Eli Fairbanks); sister Sarah Porter; 
Clarissa and Emily (daughters of Thomas Stevens). 

Patch, Lieut. Joseph^ (Nathan'', John'', James-, James'), b. 1760, d. 
A])ril 8, 183f), aged 76 y. (g. s.). He served in the Rev. His wife Han- 
nah (Flagg), m. Nov. 7, 178-.\ d. July 19, 18-.il, aged 60 yrs. (g. s.). He 
m. (2) Mar. 8, 1825, mentioning a prenuptial contract in his will, dated 
May 3, 1836, in which he beq. to her and to children Benjamin, Nathan, 
Anna Braman, Lydia Longley, Hannah Chapin, Eunice Hartshorn, Cyn- 
thia Lyon, John, Leonard, .Sophia Parker (deceased) ; to grandson Jo- 
seph Patch, son of my son Nathan ; William Whipple and Joseph Patch. 
(For further records of the family, see vital records of Wor.). 

Patch, Joshua-' (NathanM, 1). 1767, d. here June 23, 1818. He m. 
April 21. 1794, Rebecca Bemis. 

Patrick. — lohn Patrick of W'estern. m. here (let. 14, 17 72. Elizabeth 
McFarland. 

Johnson Patrick (.if Marlborough, m. here ]\Iar. 6, 1787, Martha Mc- 
Farland. 

The family is Scotch-Irish, but none remained in this town. 

Payne. — William Payne, a merchant of Boston, was an early pro- 
prietor. From him Gershom Rice, then of Groton, Ct.. liought land 
here. May 26, 1712. His wife Elizabeth Payne signed the deed. James 
Knapp, jjotter, mortgaged land here to Payne, Oct. 16, 1721. Knapp's 
wife Mary also signed the mortgage. Payne was of Boston, when he 
deeded land here, Sept. 27, 1725, to Henry Lee, yeoman, of Boston, and 
also Dec. 30, 1725, when he deeded land here to William Williams of 
Weston. The Payne family did not settle here. 

Peebles (Pebbles). — Robert' Pebbles, the immigrant, was l)orn in 
Ulster Province, north of Ireland, about 1880. He came with his wife 
and several children among the first Scotch-Presbyterians who accepted 
the invitation of Governor .Shute to come to New England. Of the first 
hundred families which came in the fall of 1718, many settled in Wor- 
cester. Pebbles was one of the leading men here in 1722 and there is 
every reason to think that he was among the pioneers in this remarkable 
emigration. In 1724 he was assigned the fifth seat in the Old South 
meeting house. He was hog-reeve in 1722; fence-viewer in 1723-4; 
tythingman in 1728. In 1725 he served on a committee to prevent cat- 
tle and horses not belonging to landowners from being brought to town. 
He was highway surveyor in 172() and held driver 1726-7; declined the 
office of constable in 1728-9, but accepted it in 1732, 1736 and 1737. 
When the meeting house was seated May 30, 1733, Robert Pebbles was 
placed up amtjng the leaders and pillars of the church in the second 



AND ITS PEOPLE -'05 



Scat in tlu- l)u<l\' (if the- cluircli. while liis two t^rnwn sons, I'atrick and 
Julm. were givt-n scats in the sccdnil |k-w in tlu- long gallcr\ . 

A niaii was laid nnt liy his farm and frmn the Rutland road t<.i the 
country road F-'ehruary 14. lliKl-l. lie liought his honiestiad. March T. 
17".'v!-;i, hut the deed was nijt acknowledged until .May 1'.'. K".'<). from 
Elisha Bruce of Marlhoi-ough, Mass., in the eastern jiart of Worcester, 
thirty-seven acres adjoining land of Ejihraim Curtis on the county road 
and on the road to James Taylor's farm, lie prohahly moved in 1128 to 
a farm containing sixty-eight acres that he hought .\pril li. K"iS. (.)'.i 
North Pond Ilrook, land laid <iut to Isaac Miller, hut purchased of Jame^ 
Gleason of .Marlluirough. In ]','■'<] he liecame a ]iroprietor of the town, 
buying the right ("tens." they were called — ten-acre rights 1 of Palmer 
Goulding. lUit he ga\e a farm of tifty-h\e acres of this land near Dan- 
son's Pond to his "w ell-lieli i\n'd son. John Pililes." "for lo\'e and affec- 
tion." dated h'ehru.iry '.'s. n.')l-v!. .A plan of this farm is recorded in 
the Worcester deeds. John's farm was north of Roliert's and was 
bounded by common land and land of J (dm Waldo. The farm was sold 
to Cornelius Waldo in KoH, when Pehliles was pre|.iaring to lea\e town. 
He was a blacksmith b\' trade and evidently pros[)erous. He luiught 
thirty acres of the south part of the original right of Ephraim Curtis, 
Septeml)er 11. ^'',^i' : forty-seven acres of John Hubljard of Worcester, 
undivided land, and a four-acre house-lot granted to Isaac Wheeler, 
deed dated Alarch l.'i, Kt^I-S. He also bought the twenty-acre liouse- 
lot granted to William Pain of Boston from James Dunlap of Canter- 
bury, Ct.. N'ovember, 1 VM>, the land being on the road to Lake (}uin- 
sigamond. His son John deedefl his iarm back to his father in lw')!'-40 
for some reason, but on -\pril l.s. i; H. Robert I'cbbles. then of Lisbon 
(now Pelham, Mass.), propriet}-, deeded this ]ilace. hfty-h\e acres, on 
both sides of North Pond Brook, back to his son John. 

Robert Peebles and James Thornton of Worcester were the founders 
of Pelham. Mass. 'I'hese two Sctjtchmen bought a tract of land three 
and a half miles wide by seven and three-f|uarters in length, the jiresent 
site of Pelham, containing 18,808 IS acres of land of Colonel .Stoddard of 
Northampton, Mass. Stoddard bought it of the state of Connecticut. 
It was of the Ec|ui^•alent Land, the title of w hich was gi\'en to Connecti- 
cttt by Massachusetts, though jurisdiction was retained. The lands were 
called Equivalent Lands because the}' were gi\'en to compensate C(.in- 
necticut for the t(jw ns of Woodstock. Somers. Enfield and Suffield. then 
held by Massachusetts. des])ite the fact that by some mistake the grants 
had been made south of what was afterward fixed as the Massachusetts 
line. The two purchasers agreed to settle forty families within two 
years. They were all ready, however, for the deed to the proprietors 
was made February. i;:i8-!). naming the settlers. It was called the Lis- 
bon, Lisborn or L}sl)urn propriety, and the first fi\'e meetings were held 
in Worcester, the fifth, April li). K4U. The sixth meeting was the first 
in the new settlement, held August (<. I'AO. He was on the committee. 
Ma}- 111, 1^41. to raise the- new meeting house and, Novemljer o. IMl, 
when they began to have services, he was a])])ointed to keep the njinister 
at twelve shillings a week. He led the movement to incorporate Pel- 
ham as a town and the I)ill was signed by the governor January ]•"). 17T,!, 
Pebbles was directed to call the first town meeting for April 1. 174:!, 
and a fac-simile of this call drawn and signed by Pebbles is rejn-oduced in 
the Pelham town history. Lislnirn. ov New Lisborn, the name of the 
proprietv, was changed to Pelham. Lisburn is the name of a town on 



2o6 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

the River Lagan in Antrim County, Ireland. At the first town meeting 
he \vas elected selectman and re-elected in 1744, perhaps served later. 
He was moderator in 1T44. 

The town took steps May 'i^\, 1743, to call a minister and Pebbles 
was on the committee for that ]>urpose. Rev. Robert Abercrombie was 
settled, but in 1747 trouble had developed over the minister. Pebbles 
continued to Ijoard ministers and entertain the presbvterv as late as 
]7.-))j. 

He had three shares in each division of Pelham. and became a large 
land-owner. He lived on lot sixteen of the first division. He died 
about 17(i(). 

He married Sarah . Children: 1. John, mentioned below. 

2. Patrick. ;i. James. 4. Sarah, born in Worcester, Alay 29, 1719, mar- 
ried February 10, 175.!), at Pelham, Alexander McCuUoch. 5. Mary, l>orn 
October 12, 1722, at Worcester, married, April 2H, 1757, David Huston, 
(i. Anna, born at Worcester May 25, 1726, married November 17, 1757, 
m. Rev. John Huston. 7. Robert. 8. Archibald. 

Peebles, John- (Robert^), was born about 1715 in Ireland: died in 
1758: married November 7, 1740, Dorothea Harvey, daughter of Rev. 
John Harvey Jr. He had a farm at Worcester near North Pond Brook, 
but left about the same time his father did. He w^as a school teacher 
and seems to have lived at Palmer, lirimfield, Greenville, Pelham, Mass., 
and ]\Iiddlefield, Ct., where he died. Administration was granted to 
John Harvey of Petersboro, New Hampshire, his father-in-law, Sep- 
tember 15, 175(5. He had one right at Pequoige, Rutland District, (now 
F)arre), sold later to Samuel Reed. He was a proprietor of Worcester 
in 17. '52, having three tens or shares, and was chairman for surveying 
lots in the third division of the common land. Two of his children 
were baptized by his wife's father at Palmer, Mass.: 1. John Harvey, 
born Noveml^er 9, 1745, baptized December 5, 1745. 2. Jean, born Sep- 
tember 15, 1748. He seems to have married second at Pelham in 1752 
(intention May 2), Sarah Conkey and had two children: 3. Daughter, 
born June 11, 1754. He was tythingman in 1752 and seems to have been 
living on his father's homestead through which a road was cut in 1755. 

Peebles, Patrick- (Robert'), was born in Ireland about 1710-1. He 
had a seat in the Old South meeting house, Worcester, and was a field 
driver here in 1732. He was one of the ])roprietors of Lisbon when the 
first division was made, having a one-sixtieth share. He was the only 
son of Robert, who was a proprietor. He drew lot No. 7 it: 1739. He 
signed the application for the first town meeting; went to Hadley to 
post notice of the first meeting. June 9, 17(52, he owned three shares, 
probably inheriting two from his father. He was town surveyor in 1743 
of Pelham; school committee in 1751; selectman 1752-53; collector 
17(57. In 17(5() he and John Peebles occupied Pew No. 2. He was a 
blacksmith by trade, doubtless succeeding his father at Pelham. He 
married first Frances : second, March 8, 1757, at Pelham, Mar- 
garet Taylor. 

Peebles. James- (Roljert'), was born about K18, i)robal.)ly in Wor- 
cester; died at Pelham October 3, 1752. 

Peebles, Robert- (Robert'), was born about 1725; married (inten- 
tions January 30, 17(51), Elizabeth Cone; was in a com])any of horse 
under Captain Robert Lotheridge, Colonel Israel Hilling's regiment, in 
1757. and in the same war was in Colonel \\"illiam Williams's regiment, 
Ca])tain Salah Barnard's company. 



.■iXn ITS PEOPLE 207 

Peirce. — julin' I\-irct', ur I'icrce. ur Pers, 1>. in Hiii(., weavfr. cairn; 
in Kl.'i^.and settled in Watertuwn ; d. Aug. l!i. HKil : his wife l-'.lizalieth, 
1). l."»!tl. d. .Mar. I'^. \W<\\-',. 

Peirce, Anthun}-- (John') h. in 1-lng. lHOii, settled in W'atertown 

between that town and C'aniliridge : d. .Mav li, liuS; ni. ( 1^ .'>arah 

and C^ I Anne . who d. Jan. •^(1. Ki.s-i-:!. 

Peirce, D.aniel' (Anthony-, John' 1. ni. J;in. 1. li;:i!)-40: lived in 
W'atertown and (iroton: was a weaver. 

Peirce, Joseph' (Danier-, .\nthon_v-, John'), died in Waltham in 
\'V, : ni. Dec. o(). Kills, Alary Warren, dan. of Cajit. [ohn : was selectman 
of W'ohurn, 1 oi8-;i!)-42 ; a weaver l)y trade. 

Peirce, Isaac'' (Jos.*, Danl.', Anthony-, John'), li. .Sept. \'-K KOti; ni, 
.•■ieiit. ~. ]'i'2'i. .Susanna Beniis of Lexington, who d. ITT.'J; he was select- 
man of Waltham. 1 :44-4.")-.'i:!. Childre^i : josiah, h. Fell. i:!. i:-.':3; Jo- 
sejih, 1). .Mar. '.M. i;-.'4: .Ahijah, h. Mav r.','. i:-.'! : Ei)hraim, h. .Aug. "l".', 
i:v!!); .Susanna, I.. .Mav -i'^. IM-.'; Mar\' 1.. June ■.'•.'. 1 M.-. : Isaac, h. March 
•.'4. i::5s. 

Peirce, Josiah" (Isaac'', J<is.', Danl.', .-\nthony-, John'), h. Feb. i:>, 
\:-iA: m. Alar. 14, K44, Sarah Gale, b. Xov. .'in. i;:.'(;. He moved from 
W'altham to W'or. He was on the town c<.)mmittee '"tfj take in consider- 
ation the acts of the I'ritish Parliament for raising revenue from the 
colonies" in \]]4. Before and during the Revolution he was one of the 
most important and influential citizens of this town. He was selectman 
1T()5-T4-';."). Lincoln sa_\s that at death he left 14 children, ]~i grand- 
children and :i."') great-grandchildren, (j). •2(:il). His will, dated Xov. 
25, M'.):'>. proved Jan. li, ISO^, lieq. to wife Sarah and children — John, 
(Jliver, Josiah. Joseph, Levi, liyheld, Joel. Jarvis. .Abigail, Sarah Ste- 
vens and Lvdia Glazier. P>\' wife Sarah he had here: \. John, b. Oct. 
12, 1744. 2. (Jliver. b. Mar. \->. K4(i. :i. Susanna, b. ()ct. '.'. IMT. m. 

Dr. Isaac Cheney. 4. .Sarali, b. June '.'<!, K.")0. m. Ste\ens. 5. 

Josiah, 1). Mav IL 1752, served in the Rev.; m. Lncretia Rigelow. (]. 
Mary, b. April 20, i:.-,4. T. Molly, b. .April I.'., K-V".. ni. Da'niel Hey- 
wood. S. Asa, bajjt. July K, K'lT. '.I. Joseph, b. M;ir. <1, i;"i^ 10. 
Lydia, b. Xov. 2S, 1 ;.")!». m. Calvin Glazier, MavlS, i:sO. 11. Levi. b. 
Sept, ].-), i:(;i. 12. .Azuliah, b. Feb. 21, Kd:;. i:!.' P.ytield, b. Jan. 20, i:(i4; 
m. (1) Mary Hamilton and (2) Betsey Smith, l:!. .Abijah, b. Sept. 22, 
17(i5, m. Sarah Bond: (2) Xancy Gay (:!) Chloe Merriheld. 14. Eli- 
jah, ba])t. .Sept. 2!i. 17().">. 1."]. Joel. b. Aug. 2L KCL m Lucv Davis. 
1<). Hannah. Ij. June L GM. ni. John Ball Jr. K. Jar\is, b. Xov. S, 
1771, rem. to Springfield, 111. 

Peirce, Capt. John' (Josiah'', Isaac'', |os.\ Danl.', .Anthonv-, John'), 
b. Oct. 12, 1744, (i. here "March 2, lSO.S:"m. here, .Aug. I(i, i::o,' Lydia 
Jones, who d. Dec. 30, 1S()4. He was a surveyor and assisted Charles 
Baker to survey this count}": was captain of a military corjis in Capt. 
Timothy Bigelow's Co.. 177."i. He removed finally to Burlington. \'t. 
Children, b. here: Lawrence, b. F"eb. 15. 1771. d. March 15, 1771: Li- 
llian. 1). March 23, i;72. m. Laurinda Clark: Benjamin l-'ranklin, b. Dec. 
3, G74, ( Dartmcjuth ) ; drowned in Lake Chamidain. while skating. Dec. 
30, 1797 ; Clarissa Jones, b. Jan. S, 17<)5. 

Peirce, Oliver' (Josiah"', Isaac'', Jos.', Danl.', .\nthtjn\-, lohn'), was 
b. Mar. 12, 174(;: m. (1) .Abigail "Howe : (2) Lydia '(Gates) Earle. 
He served in the Rev. He died at W. Boylston, June 4, ISi:!. Chil- 
dren, b. here: 1. Hollis, b. Jan. S, 1775, m. (1 ) Lucinda . and (2) 

Mercy Merriheld. 2. Dolly, b. Jan. 12. 1777. m. Joel Howe. 3. lames. 



2o8 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

b. Feb. 24, i:;!t. m. Sally Fiske. 4. Abigail, b. Feb. Vi. 1781. m. Tim- 
othy Parker, .j. Lydia. b. April 25. 1T84. m. Samuel Dudley. By 2d 
wife: (5. Levi. h. Jan. 17, 1787. m. Hannah Osgood. S. Oliver, b. Feb. 
18. 1789, served in the Rev.: m. Pollv Crossman. tl. Tosiah. b. June 21, 
1791, m. Susannah Gale. 10. Sallv.'b. Dec. 12, 171)2." 11. Hannah, b, 
Oct. 29, 1794, m. Hezekiah Gibbs'. 12. .\zubah, b. Jan. 11, 18(10. m. 
Francis Flagg. 

Perry. — John' Perry, b. in Eng. liil.'j, settled in Watertown, where 
he was living in 1674. 

Perry, John- (John'), b. in London, Eng., in 1644. came here in 
]6(i6: ni. Sarah Clary, dau. of John of Cambridge, where she was b. Oct. 
16, 164!l. He lived in Watertown and d. in 1724. He was in Brookfield 
a short time and gave his name to Perr}'s Pond there. 

Perry, Josiah'- (John-, John'), b. at Wat. Nov. 28. 1()S4: m. Jan. 12, 
1708, Bethia Cutler, dau. of" John. b. Nov. 26. 1684. d. Sept. 16. 1767. He 
m. (2) Elizalieth Harrington. He settled here in 17;il. Cliildren. b. 
in \\'at. : Jonathan, b. Jan. 7. 1710: Lydia. b. Dec. 8. 1711. m. John 
ISall : [osiah. b, Feb. 7, 17 14: Ephraim, b. Nov. 1, 171,J: Nathan, b. 
Mav 2." 1718: Bethia. b. Jan. 31, 1719: .Marv, b. Feb. 1.3, 1721: Israel, 
b. Feb. 6, 172:3: Dorcas, b. Dec. 2, 1727: Sar'ah, b. 1728. 

Perry, Dea. Nathan' (Josiah', John-, John'), b. at Wat. Mar. 2. 1718; 
a weaver, came here with his father in 1751 ; was 23 years deacon of the 
church. 178:), until he d. Feb., 1806. He was county treasurer, town 
treasurer, and selectman (1780-90). His homestead was on what is 
now Vernon street, the Elijah Hedge place, bought when he came here. 

He m. at \\'at. ^la}- 1, 1745, Hannah Fiske, dau. of Dea. Nathan. 
She was h. 1719, d. 181:3, aged 94 vrs. Children, born at Wat.: Han- 
nah, b. 1747, d. 1749: Hannah, b. "l749: Nathan, b. ALar. :50, 1751. At 
Won: Sarah, b. Nov, 29, 1752: losiah, b. .Mar. 9, 1755; Marv. b. Mar. 
1. 1759; Dea. Moses, b. Feb. 16, i762. 

Perry, Josiah'' (Dea. Nathan*, Josiah', John-, John'), b. here Mar. 9, 
1755, served in the Rev.; d. Mar. 12, 1842; m. (1) Lvdia Flagg, Apr. 3, 
1777; (2) Julv 6, 1780, Prudence Harrington; (3) Nov. 22, 1790, Sarah 
Metcalf. Bv'lst wife he had: Lvdia, b. Feb. 20, 1778. Bv the 2d: 
Nathan, b. Mar. 24, 1781; Mindwell b. Feb. 7. 1783; Josiah, b. Oct. 16, 
1784; Sophia, b. Oct. 3, 1786; William, b. Apr. 22, l"789. Bv 3d wife: 
Sarah, b. Oct. 20. 1797 ; Prudence, b. Jan. 31. 1803. 

Perry. Nathan" (Josiah". Nathan''. Josiah", John-, John'), 1). here 
Mar. 24, 1781, conducted the homestead and gristmill; m. Anna Galen, 
dau. of Elisha. She d. Feb. 1, 1845; he d. Oct. 3. 1837. Children, b. 
here: Sereno Haven, b, Dec. 26, 1802; Loring Fisk, b. June 17, 1804, 
d. Aug. 8. 1848; Louisa, b. May 15, 1806; Miranda, b. May 18, 1808; 
Josiah Galen, b. June 15. 1810; Julia, b. June 12. 1812; Dexter Harring- 
ton, b. June 4, 1814, m. Dec. "l7, 1839, Elizabeth A. Baker, sister of 
Charles, the luml^er merchant: he died Mar. 16, 1872, and she d. Apr. 19, 
1877 (Frank D. Perrv. the contractor, is their son) ; Sophronia, b. Feb. 
27, 1816; Nancv, b. "Oct. 5. 1819; Harriet, b. Feb. 22, 1822. d. Aug. 2, 
1848, unm. 

Perry, Josiah Galen' (Nathan", Josiah'', Nathan\ Josiah'', John-, 
John^), b. here June 15, 1810, lived on the homestead and carried on a 
grist mill with his brother Dexter until 1862; m. Martha Homer, b. in 
Hopkinton. Children: Charles H.. Louisa E.. Mary A., and two died 
young. 

Perry. Dr. Charles Homer' (Josiah Galen', Nathan". Josiah'''. Na- 




1 /n L*' 











^< 



V* *~ - ^ -*> * 



^•^ 






'■'VlN&V-° t vv.jOVI 



AND ITS PI-OPLIi 209 

than\ Josialr'' joliii-, JnhnM, 1). here Mar. li. Is:;.-), died May 1, \\)W : 
fitted for collefje in i)uhlic schools and WOr. Academy; graduated from 
Brown in IS.Vi; studied medicine at tlie L'niw of I'enn. and Bellevue 
Hosp., Xew \'(irk. He entered the Ci\il War as asst. surgeon in the 
na\y : serwd ".'('. nmntlis in I'arragut's fleet ami also under Porter; was 
surgeon of the Kennehec. the Uhio and the Sus(|uehanna. He began to 
practice in Med way. hut soon came here and practiced the rest of his 
life, taking high rank as a physician. He was a nuMuber of the Wor. 
Med. Society, the Mass. Med. .Society and the .American Academy of 
Medicine; charter nieniber of (J. .\. R. Post of Medway. later mem- 
ber of George H. Ward l\)St. .\'o. lii. d. .A. R. ; memln'r of Montacute 
Lodge, A. F. & A. M. Pfe m. in ISCS Clara 'I". Thayer, dan. of Eli (See 
biograi)hy). They had no children. 

Perr\-. Dea. Closes'' ( Dea. N'athan'. [osiahA |ohn-. |ohn'). was b. 
Feb. Hi. 'i;(;-^. He m. (1) Dec. -^(i. 17.S4. "Mercy Clark, vvho d. <")ct. 15. 
ITfS'i; m. (-.') Apr. -.'(I. i::il. Hannah Hall. He was deacon of the ( )ld 
South for ;!() years and six years deacon of Union church. He d. Mar. 
12, 1842. His will was dated Mar. 15. 1838, beq. to wife Hannah and 
children — Samuel (exr. ) John. Baxter (deceased). Daniel, Clark, Mercy, 
Melendy, and Alatilda Parker. ( )f the sons of Dea. Moses, three were 
clergymen. Revs. Baxter. David and Clark. Dea. Samuel is mentioned 
below. 

Perry, Dea. Samuel'' (Dea. Moses'', Nathan*, Josiah', John-. John'). 
b. 1796, died Feb. 12. 18T8; m. Hannah, sister of Francis Harrington 
(q. v.). Children: Hannah H.. m. Elisha Stone of Auburn; Mary S. ; 
Joseph S., m. Lucy Ann Day; Julia i\L. m. William J. liaker; Nathan 
F., m. Mary Jane, dau. of Jasper Tucker; Lydia, m. John W. Jor- 
dan, coal dealer; Harriet N.. m. George L. Robbins ; Da\id I'.rainerd. 
principal of academy in Neb., etc.; .Samuel Payson, m. dau. (jf Sylvanus 
Harrington, res. Pakachoag Hill; Moses, m. Kobbiiis. 

Phillips. — Jonathan Phillips and wife Sarah lived here several years 
and had here: Elizabeth, bajjt. fan. 2fj. KT2; Jonathan, bapt. Oct. 8, 
1775; Sarah, bapt. Mar. 2, 1777; Rhoda. bapt. Oct. K, \:V.>. 

Phillips. Jonathan, m. here Mar. (i. 17(i(). Sarah Parker; then of < )x- 
ford. where he owned land deeded him by William Parker of tliat town, 
April 10, 1758, and by John Nichols of that town, Alay 22, KiiO. He 
served from Wor. in the Rev. He was of Sturbridge, May li), 175t;, 
when Joseph Phillips of C)xford deeded to him land in Sturbridge. (See 
Oxford Hist.). 

Rufus Phillips, blacksmith, died here lf>02, and Theophilus Wheeler 
was appointed admr., Nov. 8. 1802. with the assent of Dilley F'hillips, his 
widow. 

John Phillips of Lancaster m. here. Feb. 5, 171 1. Anna P'arker of this 
town. 

Josiah Phillips of Wor. served in the Rev. 

Potter. — Jose])h Potter (ancestry not traced), lived here for a few 
years. His wife Zebudah (or Zelnilah ) was buried on the Common; she 
d. Jan. 24. 17(v7, aged '■]'■] yrs.. li mos.. 2;! dys. He had here: Aaron, b. 
July 11. 17(i2; Israel, b. Nov. 2.s, 17(i;i; Mary, bajit. Mar. 2:i. KCt:. 

Potter. Henry, doubtless a brother of Josejdi. m. here. A])ril 25. 1751, 
Jane Rowlin (Rollin) and had here: John. 1). ^hirch 12, 1752. 

The Potter family was early in Leicester: John Potter deeded land 
there to son Joseph, Feb. 18. 17;)]-2: and Ji_>seph Ixiught other lots there. 
(See Leicester records). 
W.— 1-14. 



2IO HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Powning. — Daniel Powning was an early proprietor, but the family 
probably never settled here. Col. Giles Dyer, merchant, deeded to 
Daniel Powning, .Eneas Salter Jr., and William Salter land and shop 
here, July IT, 1721. Daniel Powning and William Salter, both of Bos- 
ton, deeded land here to Xathaniel Jones, Jan. :i, 172(5-7. 

Pratt. — Edward Pratt bought land of \Vamj)os the Indian. July 17, 
l()7!t, l)ut uf Edward there is no further record. 

Pratt, Richard came before 17(i2. perhaps from Mendon, where he 
bought land Jan. 13, 17<i2, of Jacob .Smith of this town. He was of Wor. 
when he bought more land here of Pjenj. Fiske, Nov. 1, 1762, and of Ab- 
salom Rice and Jonathan Rice, Nov. 4, 17f;2: of Gardner Chandler, Apr. 
21, 17S1, and of Daniel Baits in 1782. His will is dated here, Jan. 26, 
17S4, and filed Mar. 17, 1784, beq. to wife Elizalseth and children — Isaac, 
Elizabeth and Lvdia. By wife Elizabeth he had here: Isaac, b. Mar. 
7. 176:>; Elizabeth, b. Dec. •">, KiiC ; Hannah, b. Mav 21, 1770, d. here 
Feb. 17, 1770, (g. s.) : Lydia, b. Aug. !), 1772. 

Pratt, Laban, of Weymouth, d. here July 2, 1836, aged 75 y. (g. s.). 

Pratt, Isaac- (Richard^, h. Mar. K. 17 •">.">, was of Ward when he m. 
here Pel). 21. 1786, Bett}- Bixby of this town. He served in the Rev. 

Prentice. — Capt. Thomas^ Prentice, member of the Quinsigamond 
committee in Kili), 1). in Eng. 1621, m. there Grace ; came to Cam- 
bridge where he joined the church about 1(>")2 and was made a freeman, 
May 23, 1652. He lived in that part of the town set off later as Newton. 
In 1(;56 he was lieut. of a troo]) of horse, and cajitain in 1662. He bought 
300 acres in the Pequod country in 1661, and in 1667 was sent to lay out 
and settle Quinsigamond (Worcester), building one of the first houses 
here. He also had grants in W'oliurn, 1684, in Billerica and elsewhere. 
He was deputy in 1672-4, chairman of selectmen often. In 1675 during 
K. P. War, his troop is mentioned 19 times on the books of the colony 
treasury. "He and his troop of horse were a terror to the Indians by 
his sudden attacks and impetuous charges." He was in the Swamp 
Fight; was at Sudbury and Grafton with his command in 1676. In 
168!t he was sent with his trooj) to R. 1. to arrest Gov. Edmund Andros. 
He was one of the Commissioners to put Indian children to service in 
1675; was a Commissioner to rebuild Lancaster after it was burned by 
Indians. .A. friend and counselor of Indian converts, he acted as their 
guardian and magistrate. He settled his estate by deeds of gift, 1705. 
He (1. lulv 6, 1710, in consecpience of a fall from his horse and had a 
military funeral (gravestone at Newton). His wife Grace d. at New- 
ton, Oct. !>, 16il2." 

He deeded his rights here to his grandson Thomas Prentice of New- 
ton. -April :>, 1708. None of the family settled here. Thomas, the grand- 
son I son of Thomas Jr.) deeded these lands to Daniel Henchman, .April 
30, 1725, and to Simon Gates of Marlborough, .April 17, 1725. 

Prentice. Henry', b. in Eng. came before 1610 and settled in Cam- 
bridge; owned land in Sudbury liefore iri50 ; d. June 9, 1654; his 
widow Joan m. (2) John Gibson Sr. 

Prentice, Solomon- (HenryM. b. at Camb. Sept. 23. Hi 16, d. July 24, 

1719; m. (1) Elizabeth ; (2) Hepsibah Dunn or Dunton and she 

d. Jan. 15, 1741. 

Prentice. .Solomon'' (Sol.-, IlenryM. b. 1<i74 at Camb. d. Jime 25, 
1758; his wife Lydia, d. Ajir. 25, 1758. 

P'rentice, Rev. Solomon'' (Sol.'', Sol.-, HenryM, (H. C. 1727), m. at 
Groton, .Sarali .Sartell. dan. nf Nathaniel; was first minister of Grafton, 



.L\D ITS PEOPLE 211 

dismissed July ID, \',V, ; went to EastiMi KK : ret. to Grafton in IT")-"); 
preached at ileliingham and Hull, KfiS-';".*: d. May 'i'l, \',','.\\ widcjw 
d. Aug-. <!S, 1:11-..'. aged ^i yrs. at Ward. They had ten children 1>. at 
Grafton and Easton. 

I'reiitice. I'apt. juhn' ( Rew Sol.\ .Sol.', SdI.-', llenr\'), settled in 
W'or. in what is now Auliuni. lie ni. ( 1 ) Dec. S, \\{V.\, .Sarah liroiiks of 
Grafton. She d. March, i;::i. lie m. r') in this town, Nov. '.», KT!), 
Rehecca Richardson, who d. May 15, ]S;i.s, aged it7 yrs. at Auhurn. He 
was to\\n clerk of Grafton; deputy from .Xuhurn; justice of the peace, 
180S. Children recorded at Ward (Atdmrni : Sarah, h. lune :!, ITli."), ni. 
Zachariah Richardson; Lucv, h. Nov. ■.';, KH.s, ni. Nathaniel Havward; 
Otis, b. Oct. :;i, i;:(»; Rhoda, h. Jan. U, i;;."i; Elijah, h. Dec. -.'(i. i::!!; 
Josiah Sartell, ha])t. here Mav;.'. \\'.\K h. at Ward, Dec. •.':, i;"..s; luhn, b. 
Eel), -ir, i;st; John, I). .Apr.'-.'.'), i:>S(;. 

J'rentiss, Dr. .Samuel, son of Col. .Samuel, an officer in the Revolu- 
tion, descendant of Henry' mentioned above, was li. at .Stonington, Ct., 
in 175;); was military waiter for his father; stuclied medicine under Dr. 
Philip Turner of Norwich ; was a])])ointed assistant surgeon and served 
to the end of the war. He practiced in this town from IISIJ to 1786, then 
went to Northfield, where he practiced ".^0 years and at times was the 
only surgeon in that section. Lincoln states that he was secretary of a 
medical society here in 17S.">, If this statement is correct, that society 
was the first medical organization in the county. 

Putnam. — John' Putnam, the I!)th generatii;in in England, son of 
Nicholas and Margaret ((ioodspeed ), Putnam, was li. about I5S0, and 
died in Salem \'illage, now Danvers. Dec. :iO, \i\(\2. He was living in 
Aston Abbotts, Eng., 1627, and came about Ki.'U to Salem; was granted 
land there in 1641. He m. Priscilla (Gould?). 

Putnam, Cajit. John- (John'), l.iapt. at Astun Abbotts, Eng.. .May 
■^7, 16<;7, d. at Salen'i X'illage Apr. 7, 1710; m. at Salem, Sept. M, Hi.V^, 
Rebecca Prince. He was prominent in town and church; in company 
with Simon Bradstreet and Daniel Dennison he established iron works 
at pjoxford in 1674. In 1618 he was lieutenant; 16S7, captain; deputy 
man_\' \ts. ; (See Putnam Lineage, p. 2!*). 

Putnam, Lieut. James' (John-, John'), I), in .Salem X'illage, Sept. 4, 

1661; d. there April" 7, 17-27"; m. ( "l ) Sarah , who died Dec. 25, 

1717, aged 5:5 yrs.; (2) 3.Lir. 6, i: l!i-20, ALary Rea, dau. of Daniel. 

Putnam, James' (James-, John-, Jcihn'), Ii. at Salem Village, 16S;), 
d. 1763; .wilTdated July 6, i;5I, jjroved Jan. 14, 1764; lived at ( )ak 
Knoll, and his house was standing at last accounts; selectman. 

Putnam, Hon. James"' (James*, James', John-, John'), was b.apt. at 
Salem \'illage, July 31, 1726, d. at St. John", New "Brunswick, Oct. 23, 
178!t; m. (1) .-Viig. 14, 1750, Eleanor Sprague ; (2) Sept. 20, 1754, Eliza- 
beth Chandler, dau. of Col. John and Hannah (Gardiner), b. Jan. 15, 
1733, d. Alay 2, 171IS. He graduated from Harvard in 17 46, and studied 
law in the office of Judge Edmund Trowbridge. In 174'..) he began to 
])ractice law in this town. He was active in the militia and was major 
in 1757, serving in the F. & I. War. When John .\dams was teaching 
here he boarded with Judge Putnam's famil_\-, and studied law in Put- 
nam's office. 

He was one of the 20 signers of the address by lawyers to Gov. 
Hutchinson, Alay 30, 1774. His loyalist sentiments forced him to leave 
home in Feb., 1775, and take refuge in Boston, and he signed the 
memorial to Gov. Gage on his departure Oct. 14, 17 75. His estate was 



212 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

among those ordered confiscated by the General Court in 1TT8. Joseph 
Allen was agent. (For details see \\"or. probate records). Putnam was 
appointed Attorney General in 1774 and was the last to hold that office 
under the Crown. He became captain of a Tory company in Boston. 
When that town was evacuated, Putnam, and his sons James and 
Ebenezer went with the British army to Halifax. He sailed for Eng., 
Dec, 1779, with his wife and daughter Elizabeth. (For letters from 
London to brother Ebenezer, see Putnam Lineage, p. 231). He remained 
in London to the end of the war. then located in St. John, X. B. He 
became a member of the Council and a justice of the Supreme Court in 
the organization of the government of the province, 178-1, and served to 
the end of his life. 

In character he was upright and generous. Chief Justice Parsons 
said of him: "He was, I am inclined to think, the best lawyer in North 
America." In the cemetery at St. John, the Putnam tomb contains his 
body and that of his wife Elizabeth, who d. Alay 2, 1798; his daughter 
Elizabeth Knox, who d. Aug. 14. 1787; granddaughter Elizabeth Knox 
Putnam, who d. Nov. 19, 1789; his son Ebenezer, merchant of St. John, 
who d. Apr. 3, 1798, and grandson James Putnam, who d. Jan. 13, 1825. 
Child by 1st wife: Eleanor, b. here Julv 15, 1751, m. Nov. 18, 1770, Ru- 
fus Chandler, son of Col. John, b. May 'l8, 1747, d. Oct. 11, 1823. (See 
Chandler). Children bv 2d wife. b. here: James, b. Nov. 16, 1756, d. 
Mar. 2, 1838. in Eng. (H. C. 1774). 2. John. b. Sept. 27, 1758, d. y. 3. 
Ebenezer, b. Jan. 26, 1763, d. Apr. 3. 1798, m. Elizabeth Chandler, dau. 
of Judge John and ^lary (Church) : his widow returned here after his 
death and lived with his sister Mrs. Stanton ; d. here Jan. 18, 1820, aged 
50 yrs. ; their son James, a graduate of Harvard, d. here Aug. 18, 1810, 
aged 26 yrs., a medical student; (they had also John Chandler, b. 1792, 
merchant, Boston, d. 1840 Hartford; Charles S., d. 1837, m. Eleanor 
Millidge of Annapolis, N. S. : Francis Ebenezer, m. Anne Carrie of St. 
Andrew, N. B., d. in Boston 1839. a graduate of Harvard, lawver). (See 
Wall, p. 93 for children). 4. Elizabeth, b. May 7, 1769, d. Aug. 14, 1787; 
m. Knox. 

Putnam, Thomas- (John'), m. Prudence Holyoke. dau. of Edward. 

Putnam, Thomas-^ (Thos.-, JohnM, m. Sept. 25, 1678. Ann Carr. 

Putnam, Edward* (Thos.". Thos.-, John'), m. 1681, Mary Hale. 

Putnam, Isaac^ (Edw.*, Thos.-', Thos;-, John'), b. 1698, settled in 
Sutton, about 1722; died in his 59th year. 

Putnam. Isaac" (Tsaac\ Edw.*, Thos.^, Thos.-, John.'), b. Nov. 4, 
1734. 

Putnam. Ensign Isaac" (Isaac'', Isaac^, Edw.*, Thos.^ Thos.-, John'), 
b. 1762; settled here and d. here Apr. 23, 1808, aged 45 yrs. His wife 
Martha was appointed admx.. 1809. Her will was dated Aug. 21, 1815, 
proved Sept. 2, 1816, beq. to children — Ebenezer, Sally Baird, Joel, 
Charles, Samuel, William. Martha. Marv, the heirs signing their assent, 
Sept. 21. 1816. Children, b. here: Sallv. b. lune 15. 1784. d. 1850; 
Ebenezer, b. Mav 28, 1787, d. 1848; Joel. b. Feb. 25. 1789, d. 1858; Wil- 
liam, b. Dec. 28^ 1790, d. Sept. 30, 1796; Charles, b. Nov. 29, 1792. d. 
Aug. 23, 1840; and wife Sarah d. June 18. 1832, aged 38 y. ; Samuel, b. 
Nov. 23, 1794, of Putnam & Converse, quarrvmen : Aaron, b. Nov. 21, 
1797, d. Sept. 20, 1800; William, b. Sept. 11, 1799. d. Sept. 16, 1823; 
Martha, b. Mar. 26, 1801 ; Mary. b. 1805. d. 1860. 

Most of the Putnams of later generations in this city are descended 
from the pioneers at Sutton, and also from John', the immigrant. 



AXP ITS PEOPLE 213 

Quigley. — James' yuigle\-. one of the Scotch-Irish settlers, bought 
h-iii(i in llolden, Sept. "-M. IT.jl. of Daniel, Amos and Jonas Heywood; 
land in Holden, Dec. "^0. 1T.j9. of Palmer Goulding, and land here, May 
(!, 1"6, of Daniel Ward. He served in the Rev. Bv wife Isabel he had 
here: John, b. Feb. I, i;.".4; William, b. April 25, IT-Jfi, ni. Jan. l(i, 1778, 
Thankful ^loore; James, bapt. Oct. b. 17o8: John, bapt. Dec. 21, 1760; 
(served in the Rev., rem. to Marietta, O., 1788) : Katherine, bapt. April 
1, 1764, m. Jan. 27, ]77!t. John Hamilton: Hugh. bapt. Apr. '>. 176.5; 
Susey, bapt. Jan. ;i, 17l>'.t; Adam, bapt. Feb. 4, 17 70; Ann, bapt. April 19, 
1772- David, bapt. Feb. 6, 177.3; Becky, bapt. Aug. 10, 17 77. 

Quigley, \\'illiam, brother of James', had here by wife Thankful : 
Isabel, bapt. Julv 12, 1778; Joseph, bapt. lulv 21, 1781. d. v. ; Anna, bapt. 
Nov. 2.J, 1782; Becky, bapt. Dec. 5, 1784": child, b. Apr.' 16, 1786. 

Hugh Quigley of this town settled early at Chester. 

Randall. — Samuel Randall, here for a year or two, ni. Ruth Bond of 
Bolton. .\ug. 8, 1750. and had twins, Benjamin and Josiah, b. here, April 
28, 1751. He left soon afterw-ard. 

Rankin. — James Rankin. Scotch-Irish settler, came from Wenhani. 
and had a tanyard here in Lincoln Sq. He built the old Bigelow man- 
sion opposite the court house. His daughter Ann. m. at Wenham, Nov. 
1, 1739, Samuel Andrews; their daughter m. Col. Timothy Bigelow; 
Elizabeth Rankin, m. here. Jan. 8, 1740-1, John Caldwell ; Jane Rankin, 
m. here. Mar. 29, 1726, Joseph Hooker (or Hacker 1. 

Ranks. — Christopher" Ranks (ancestry not traced) was born as early 
as 1740: was here in 1790. when he had a family of four children. No 
other family of the name is known at that time. He m. Persis Tufts 
of Charlestown. May 27, 1759. He d. Dec, 1814; his will dated May, 
1797, was allowed July 4, 1815, betp to wife Persis and children, Mary, 
John and Elizabeth (wife of Lemuel Kingsburx' ). His wife died here 
Oct. 19, 1792. His dau. Persis d. Jan. 2. 1847, aged 87 y. Her will was 
allowed Feb. 2, 1847, beq. to Grace, wid. of her bro. John, to John Ranks 
Willard, Jonathan Ranks Gleason and Dolly Gleason. Alary, d. Aug. 
13, 1840, aet. 7 7 y. His dau. Elizabeth m. Samuel Kingston. 

Ranks, John" (Christopher'), d. July 7, 1835. aged 63 y. ; m. Mar. 8, 
1797, Grace Whitney, dau. Joshua. He left a large estate, divided in 
1836. His dau. Dolly m. Philander Gleason. Lucy, m. .Archibald Wil- 
lard. Grace, widow of John, d. here Sept., 185;!. Persis and Mary lived 
at the corner of Main and Pleasant .Sts. until lf:i41. The house w^as 
built in 1763. Doll}-, dau. of John, m. Philander Gleason. Mooreland 
St. was formerly Ranks Lane. 

Reed. — John Reed. b. Eng.. settled in Weymouth before 1639 ; rem. 
to Braintree; m. .Sarah Lessie. dau. of William of Blyborough. Co. Suf- 
folk, Eng. 

Reed, Samuel- (JohnM. lived in Braintree: rem. to Alendon. 

Reed, Ebenezer" (Samuel-, John'), lived in Mendon. 

Reed, Dea. Ebenezer^ (Ebenezer'. Samuel". John'), b. in Mendon 
1742; d. here May 14, 1833. (g. s. ) ; came from ]\Iilford ; deacon of the 
church there 1786, dismissed to Wor. church Feb. 17, 1796. He m. at Mil- 
ford Feb. 23, 1764, Mary Chapin, who d. here Nov. 2, 1806, aet. 63 (g. s.). 
His son Dr. Alexander, b. July 10, 1786, became a prominent physician of 
New Bedford. Deacon Reed' had 13 children (See p. 988 Milford hist.). 

Reed, Ebenezer^ (Dea. Elienezer*, Ebenezer", Samuel-, John'), m. 
Apr: 2, 1817, .Sarah Curtis, and had here: Abigail Curtis, 1). .-\pr. 28, 1818: 



-214 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Ebenezer Chapin, May 1. 1820; John Alexander, Feb. 1, 1S22: Sarah 
Elizabeth, b. May 20, 1820; Frances Mary, b. Sept. T. ]82!t. 

Rice. — Edmund^ Rice, immigrant ancestor of perhaps more Wor- 
cester men and women than any other of the founders of the Com- 
monwealth, was b. in Eng. 1.594, and settled in Sudbury before 1(339; 
was proprietor and selectman; deput\- ; deacon in 1(J48. He and sons 
Thomas. Samuel and Josejjh were among the founders and settlers of 
Marlborough. He d. May, IGB.'J. His iirst wife Tamazin d. in Sudlniry, 
June i:J, 1().J4; he m. (2) Mercy (Heard) Brigham. widow of Thomas 
Brigham, Mar. 1, 16'o5. (See Rice Gen. Proceedings of Wor. Soc. of 
Ant. 190;i, p. 2S{i; \'ol. i:J, p. 3.52. Worcester Magazine; Wall's Rem., 
p. 20. Lincoln p. 47). 

Rice, Thomas- (Edmund'), rem. to IMarlb'. with wife Mary about 
li;ii.5, and d. there, Nov. KJ, KJSl. His will was dated Nov. 11, 1681, 
proved .Viiril 4. n>82. Will of his widow :\Iary, dated :\Iay 10, ITIO, 
proved Apr. 11, ITlo. Children: Grace, d. at Sud. Jan. 3, 16-53-4; 
Thomas, b. June 30. 1654; ]\Iary b. Sept. 4, 1656; Peter, b. Oct 24, 
1658; Nathaniel, b. Jan. 3, 1660;" Sarah, b. Jan. 15, 1662; Ephraim. b. 
Apr. 15, 1665; m. at Wor. Feb. 21, 1688, Hannah Livermore ; (:ildlx 
Rec.) Gershom, b. ]\Iay 9, 166T: James, b. Mar. 6, 1669; Frances, b. Mar. 
6, 16T0-1; Jonas, b. Alar. 6, 1672-3; Grace, b. Jan. 15, 1675; m. Nathaniel 
Moore; Elisha. b. Dec. 11. 1679. The sons were noted for their long- 
evity, and as founders of Worcester, James. Gershom. and Jonas being 
settlers and Ephraim, a proprietor, but not a settler. 

Rice, James-' (Thos.-, Edmund^, b. Mar. 6, 1669. m. Sarah Stone, 
dau. of Daniel and Mary (Ward) ; lived at Marlborough and Sudbury, 
rem. to Worcester in 1716, and d. here, Oct. 14, 1730. He had 100 acres 
granted to him in 1718 and was a proprietor. He bought land here. June 
13, 1 ;22. of Joanna Ward, widow of. Obadiah ; of Samuel Graves of Sud- 
bury, Jul}- i. 1725, and of Caleb Lyman of Boston, April 29. 1727. He 
sold land here to Jonathan Moore, Jan. 2, 1717 ; to Henry Lee, Alar. 20, 
1723-4; to son Tyrus. July 1, 1726; to son Jotham, June 21. 1727; to 
Simon Stone, of Sy., Jan. 4. 1728-9; and to brother Gershom Rice, Apr. 

16, 1729. James administered the estates of sons Daniel and James; 
aptd. adnir. June 19, 1730. His own estate was administered by son 
Jotham. 

Children of Tames, the voungest onlv 1). here: Jotham, li. Feb. 

17, 1696; Zebadiah. b. Nov. 23. 1698; Tvriis, 1). Oct. 20. 1700: Frances, 
b. Mar. 6, 1702-3; Daniel, b. Mar. 13, i704-5, d. here Mar. 8. 1729-30, 
unn-i.; James, b. A\n-. 30, 1707, d. here Mav 26, 1730; Jasoniah, b. Ian. 
19. 1712; Barzillai, b. .\pr. 18, 1714; Beulah. b. Nov. 23. 1716, at \Vor. 

Rice, Gershom^ (Thos.-, Edmund'), b. May 9, 1667; m. Elizabeth 
Balcom, dau. of Henry and Elizabeth (Haynes), b. Aug. 16, 1672. He 
rem. to Groton, Ct., before 1698, returning to Alarlborough. He bought 
land here. May 26, 1712, of William Paine. He was living at Alarlboro, 
Oct. 13, 1713, when he signed the petition for leave to make a settlement 
at Worcester, from which they had been driven by the war. He came 
here in 1715, and had a grant of 80 acres in 1718, being the second settler. 
He sold the AUerton land Apr. 16, 1736, to .Samuel Brown. At his 
house the first meetings were held. His second division was laid out 
June 20, 1718. His house was near Oak Hill. His gravestone here 
states that he d. Dec. 19. 1768, aged 103 years; his age was 101 yrs., 7 
mo., 10 d. His son Gershom gave bond to support his father and motlier, 
May 30, 1737, (p. 27 Rice Gen.). Children: Gcrslmm. 1>. al)out 1696. m. 



AND ITS PliOPLll -'1 5 

EstluT Ilavnes: Hlizabcth. 1). ( )ct. •,'(). lii'.'.^, d. unin. ; Ahishai. li. r.)ct. lU. 
i:01; Sarah. I). Pel). 'J, i:(i:i; Matthias, h. Jan. •-'•;. Kti;; Ruth. h. .\i>ril 

11, i:io. 

GtTshoni l)ought hmd here Mav •.'•!. 1^1".'. of William ]^a\nc of Bos- 
ton, and. Jan. l"). \\-i'i. of Malachi Halluway of Middlehorough (land 
granted him in KIT. between W'or. and Sutton, adjoining Capt. Ephraitn 
Curtis'.s). (Jershoni Rice and wife Elizabeth ( Balcom ) Rice sold to 
her brothers John and Joseph Halcoiu of Sudbury. Xov. \-l. IM'.'. their 
share in the estate of her father Henr\- Halcom. including a tract of land 
at Quinsigamond (Worcester), (jershom sold land here. .\ug. '.». 1718, 
to James McClellan ; Apr. .'JO. i:i;i. to Jacoli Holmes; .\\)r. T,'. IT^-il. to 
Eleazer How and Calel) Rice of Marlliorough : June K. \','l^. to Joseph 
Estabrook of Lexington: .Aug. 'i'l. \\'i^\. to Phinehas Jones. 

Rice, Alajor Jonas' (Thos.-. Edmund'), b. Mar. li. 1im";!-:i: ni. Eeb. 
10. nOl-2. Alary Stone of Sudbury, b. -Aug. in. liiT7. dau. of Daniel and 
Mary (Ward). He liought <1(> acres of land here Dec. 4. i;il. of John 
Allerton, son of Thomas who had been in the second settlement on 
Sagatabscot Hill, and settled here in the fall of 171:1 with his family. The 
second settler, his brother Gershoiu. came in 171"). Jonas petitioned for 
the incorporation of the town, and was its tirst selectman, town clerk and 
assessor, 1722. He was chosen its first schoolmaster. 172i). He was on the 
committee to assign ])ews in the church: to distribute ministerial land; 
deacon from 174s until he died. He was a lieutenant before coming 
here: captain in \'.'-Vi. and Major in 17.'i4. In 1752. when he was 80 
years old. he was apiiointed Judge of the Court of General Sessions and 
Inferior Court of Common Pleas. He d. in Sept. (2(.) or 22). ]75;J. and was 
buried on the Common. .A boulder. suitabl\- inscribed, marking the site 
of his home, was dedicated ( )ct. 7. VM)'-). by the Society of .Anti(|uity with 
suitable exercises. (See Proceedings of that society. 11)03). Jonas sold 
land here, Dec. .'i. 1718. to Thomas Gleason of Marlborough: April 20, 
1721. to Ephraim Roper: and Xov. ]<i. 17 2."). to James Minot Jr. of Con- 
cord. His will was dated July 'io. 17.j:i. pro\-ed Nov. 7. 17oo. beep to wife 
Silence: dau. Silence Bond, and sons. Jonas. .Absaloni and .Adonijah. 
Children: Silence, b. .April oO. ]7(K-!. m. John Bond: Adonijah. b. 1705, 
d. y. : Jonas, b. Apr.. 1707 : 'Absalom, b. .Aug. 2!». 170!) : .Adoiiijali. b. Xov. 
7, 1714. (first white child b. here). 

Rice. Elisha- (Thos.-. Edmund"), b. Dec. 11, 167!': m. Elizalieth 
Wheeler of Concord. Feb. 10. 1707-s: was a [)roprietor of Worcester, 
and living here in 1719, when his son .Silas was born. He had 30 acres 
granted in 1718. He sold land here. Alay 11. 172o. to Moses Leonard. 
He returned to Sudhurv about 1722 antl d. there 17(il intestate. Chil- 
dren: Eliakim. b. Feb.' 27, 170!): Elisha. 1). Mar. 2. 1711. d. v.: Elisha, 
b. Xov. 3. 1713: Julia, b. Mm. 30. ]7i<;; Silas, b. here Xov. 7. 17i;t; 
Elijah, b. Alar. ."). 1722: Zebulon. h. Jan. "i. 172."). m. Susanna Allen. 

Rice, Edward- (Edmund"), lived at Sudb. and Marlb. where he was 
deacon of the chtirch : d. Aug. '['>. 1712. His widow .Anna d. at Alarlb. 
June 4, 1713, aged 83 y. 

Rice, John' (Edward-, Edmund"), b. li)47. m. Tabitha Stone. Xov. 
27, 1()74, dau. of Dea. Gregorv. He lived in what is now Wavland : d. 
Sept. 6, 1719. 

Rice, Capt. Moses* (John". Edw.-. Edmund"), b. C)ct. 27. ]i;!i4: m. 
at Sud. Xov. 16, 1719. Sarah King. He came here about 1722 and opened 
a jniblic house on the site afterward occupied by the L'nited States Ho- 
tel. He was on garrison duty at Rutland in 1724 in Capt. .Samuel 



2i6 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Wright's Co. While here he commanded a company of cavalry. He 
rem. to Rutland about Iti'i; bought 'i.200 acres at Charlemont, 1743, 
and rem. thither. He was shot by Indians, June ^\, 1755, scalped and 
tomahawked. Children, except the eldest, b. here : Samuel, b. August 
10, 1720, at Sudbury; Abigail, b. Feb. 20, 1722-3, m. James Heaton, rem. 
to Keene, N. H.; Aaron, b. Jan. 31, 1724-5; Dinah, b. Jan. 21, 1726-7; 
Tamar, b. June 15, 1732, m. John Wells; Artemas, b. (Jet. 22, 1734, m. 
I\rary Stevens. 

.Moses Rice bought land here. May 30, 1721, of Jonathan Moore; 
Jan. 18, 1726-';. of James Holden; and, .March 4, 172S, of Humphrey 
Taylor. 

Rice, Ephraim" (Thus.-, EdmundM, m. P'eb. 21, 1088, Hannah Liv- 
ermore and lived at Sudbury, where she d. Mav 21, K24; m. (2) Mary 
Xoyes, Mar. 24, 1725. He d. Oct. 25, 1732, age'd 67 yrs. 6 m. 10 d. He 
was a proprietor of Worcester and several of his sons settled there. 

Rice, Ephraim"' (Ephraim^, Thos.-, Edmund^), b. Sept. 26, 1693, m. 
Sarah Whitney of Weston, (int. Aug. 3, 1726), and he was then of this 
town. He sold land here to James Dickson. Dec. 1, 1720; to James 
McClellan Mar. 21. i:20-1 ; anil to Nathaniel Jones, Jan. 2, 1724-5. He 
left town abinit K42. Children, 1). here: .Amos, b. Sept. 10, 1727, m. 
Martha Hagar; Mercy, b. Apr. 11, 1730, m. Nathaniel 'J'atman Jr., Dec. 
i:, 1747: Abigail, b. Mar. 28, 1732; Bathsheba. b. June 5, 1742. 

Rice, Josiah' (Ephraim^, Thos.-', Edmund'), b. Sejjt. 6. 1G96. He 
settled here and sold land here, Jan. 14, 1720-1, to Nathaniel Jones; and, 
Nov. 17, 1724, to Henry Lee. He d. here, March 28, 1730; his widow 
was Sarah, appointed admx., June 18, 1730. Children, b. here: Cyrus, 
b. Dec. 10, 1726, m. Elizabeth Eaton; Levinah. b. Ma\ 5. 1728, d. Apr. 
29, 1741; Sarah, b. Mar. 27, 17:30, d. May 6. 1741. 

Rice, Thomas^ (Ephraim-', Thos.-, EdmundM, b. Mar. 21, 1701-2; 
m. (1) Mary Hall at Sutton 1726; m. (2) Judith, who d. Nov., 1811, aged 
81 y. His will was dated Mar. 21, 1783, beq. to wife Judith; grandch. 
Sarah and Josiah Rice, children of Josiah (deceased) ; to Thomas Rice; 
heirs of daughter Mary (wife of Peter Richardson) ; heirs of Sarah, (wife 
of William Trowbridge). He deeded land here. May 19, 1725, to Na- 
thaniel Jones. Children, b. here by 1st wife: Mary, b. April 26, 1727, 
died young; Hannah, b. :\Iar. f). 1729-30. By 2d wife; Mary, b. 
July 26, 1750, m. Peter Richardson; Judith, b, July 27, 1*51; Thomas b. 
Mar. 17, 1753, m. Lydia Tatman ; Sarah, b. Aug. 22, 1756, m. William 
Trowbridge; Josiah, b. Nov. 10, 175';, m. Elizalieth Trowbridge. 

Rice, Lieut. GershonT* (Gershom-\ Thos.-, Edmund^, b. 1696, m. 
Esther Haynes of Sudb. and settled here; she d. here, Aug. 16, 1770, 
aged 73 v. He d. here Sept. 24, 1781. Children, b. here: Elizabeth, b. 
Mar. 31, 1721, d. Aug. 29, 1723; Darius, b. June 23, 1723, d. Sept. 29, 1723; 
Keziah, b. Sept. 15, 1724, d. Aug. 23, 1728; Elizabeth, b. Feb. 1, 1726-7, 
m. John Boyden of Sudb. and d. 1814, aged 87 v. ; C omfort, b. Aug. 10, 
1729, m. Martha Morris; Darius, b. March 21.' 1731, d. Sej)!. 19, 1741; 
Keziah, b. June 14, 1734, m. Absalom Cutting: Gershom, b. 1736, d. unm. 
at Auburn^ 1829; Peter, b. Mar. 31, 1739, d. Oct. 16, 1741. 

Rice, Abishai* (Gershom', Thos.-, EdmundV), b. Oct. 16, 1701; m. 
Frances Rice, dau. of James (3). He lived here. Children, b. here: 
Lucy, b. Oct. 2, 1724; Nathan, b. Sept. 26, 1726; Phineas, b. Nov. 7, 
1728; Tames, b. .Xug. 7, 1730; Asa, b. Feb. 8, 1731-2; Grace, b. Nov. 23, 
1733; Micah, b. ]ulv 21. i:35; Sarah, b. .Apr. 1, 1739; Abishai, b. Oct. 
14, 1740. 



AXD ITS PEOPLE 217 

Rice, Jotham^ (Janit-s'. 'riinnias-. lulmund' ). 1>. F<.'1>. 1", U)'J6 ; m. 
Mary Earle; came from Ne\v]i(iil. R. I., to this town alioiit I'^'M (Martha 
was born here lT3o) ; settled alxjut K4!j in Barrc, wlicre he d. Nov. IT, 
1783: his widow Mary d. there in ]80;5, aged \>~ y. 

Rice, Matthias* (Gershom', Thos.-, EdmundM, b. Jan. v!tj, KdT. He 

m. Mary and settled here. His father deeded to him half his 

house and land, Jan. 13, \''-i\>. He rem. to Sudbury between Hlti and 
1749, and was in the -Sudb. C'o. on the alarm list, 17-")(;. Children, 1). here: 
John, b. Dec. 17, 17:!:i, settled at .\nna])olis, X. .S. : Bathsheba, b. Oct. 
14, 1741. d. .Mar. i:i, 174v;; Ithamar. b. Nov. ■^■,. 174;i, m. Susanna Ral- 
com : Bathsheba, 1). .Aug. v!l, 1744, m. lohn Underwood: Josiah, b. Aug. 
20, 1746. At Sudb.: Solomon, b. May 13, 174!): Matthias, b. Oct. 31, 

1752, d. Sept. K. 17:t.s. soldier in Rev., m. (1) Mary P'oster and (2) Han- 
nah Lambert: Luke, b. Apr. 20. 1754: Artemas, b. May 13, 1758. 

Rice, Zebadiah'' (James', Thomas-', Edmund'), b. Nov. 23, lfi98: m. 

Elizabeth : lixcd here and died 1778. aged 80 yrs. His will was 

dated Aug. 3, 17 7 1, proved Jan. 4, 1771), beq. to children — Elizabeth 
Goulding, Samuel, Lvdia, Tonathan. James. Phineas and Hannah Smith. 
Children, b. here: Mary.'b. Dec. 17'. 1737: Elizabeth, b. Tan. 21. 1739- 
40: Samuel, b. May 9. 1M2. m. llepsibah Flint: James. Ij.'july 4, 1744: 
Lydia, b. June 9. 174(i. m. Adam Heminwav and .Solo. Newton: I'hineas, 
b.'May 7. 1748. d. unm. : Jonathan, b. May" 13. 1750: Hannah, b. ^Lay 19. 

1753. m. Smith. 

Rice. Tyrus'' (James', Thomas-', Edmund'). !>. 'let. 20. 1700. m. 

Eleanor . lived here: soldier in F. i\: L War: d. here 17s3. \\"ill. 

Feb. 22, 1775. proved .Se])t. 18. 17 83. be<|. to wife and children. Children, 
b. here: Eleanor, 1). June 29, 1728, m. Capt. David Moore and d. C)ct. 
1, 1791: Grace, 1). -Aug. 7, 1730, m. Aug. 1-3. 1755. .Samuel ]\Ioore : Han- 
nah, b. June 17, 1733, 

Rice, Jezeniah* (or Jasoniah) (James', Thomas-, Edmund'), b. Jan. 

19, 1712: m. Lydia and lived here : his widow Lydia was appointed 

admx., Feb. IIJ, 17(i1. Chiklren, b. here: Reuben, b. Apr. 6. 1734, served 
in the Rev., d. at Woodstock, \'t.. Dec. 2(i. 182(i: Anna. b. Oct. 24. 1735; 
Lvdia. b. Nov. 20. 1737. d. here. Oct.. 1777. unm.: Beulah. b. ^Lar. 24. 
17'40: Rarzillai. b. Feb. 9, 1742: Abigail, b. Mar. 5. 1743-4; Svbila. b. 
Jan. 20. 1747-8: Martha, b. May 30. 1749. 

Rice. Rarzillai'' (James''. Thomas-. Edmund'), b. -\pr. 18. 1714, m. 

Abigail , (perhaps Flagg), lived here and d. 17 41. Their only 

child was Elijah, b. Sept. 14, 1741. 

Rice. Jonas* (Jonas'. Thomas'-'. EdmundM. b. April. 1707; m. (1) 
Jane Hall and rem. from Wor. to Barre in 1753; deacon there. He m. 
(2) Lydia Conant. Jan. 0, 1772: he d. at Barre, March or Apr., 1793. 
Children, b. here: Moses, b. Nov. 16, 1729, m. Elizabeth Gleason ; Jo- 
nas, b. Aug. 5. 1732. m. Bathsheba Parmenter: Jane, b. Aug. 7, 1834. m. 
\\'illiam Gates: Mary. b. May 18. 1737, m. Jasper Partridge, settled in 
Guilford, \'t. ; Silence, b. May 25, 1739, m. Micah Rice; Thomas, b Oct. 
5, 1741, m. Hannah Wright. 

Rice, .\bsalom* (Jonas', Thomas-. Edmund'), b. Aug. 29, 1709; m. 
Elizabeth Flagg: lived here and'd. July 7, 1781 : his widow Elizabeth, b. 
at Waltham May 24, 1717. d. here Aug. 3, 1793, dau. of Benjamin. His 
will June 8, 1771. proved Jan.. 1782. beq. to wife Elizabeth, and children 
— Azubah (deceased): Lydia. Elizabeth. Mar}-. .Wngail. Lois and Marv 
.Stearns. Children, b. here: .\zubah. b. Mar. 12. 1735. m. Elijah Har- 
rington; Jonathan, li. .Apr. 8, ]',:',(]. m. Eunice Whijiple: Lvdia. b. Nov. 



2i8 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

18, 1740, 111. James Ball; Elizabeth, b. Apr. 12, K42. m. Josiah Gale 
Jr.; Mary, b. Feb. 5. i;4;j-4. m. Nathaniel Stearns: Abigail, b. Oct. T. 
K4(), 111. Alirahani Gale; Lois. b. Dec. ol. 1748. iii. Nathan Hastings; 
Absalom, b. Jan. 1. 1753. 

Rice. Adonijah* (Jonas', Thos.-'. Edmund^), b. Nov. 7, 1714; m. 
Persis Gates: resided here: served in F. & I. War; was in Capt. An- 
drew Dalr\-mple"s Co. 175.5, and a sergeant in 1756 in that Co. His 
wife Persis d. here June *!, 1700. His last years were spent in Brid- 
port, \'t.. where he d. Jan. 20, 180V!. Children, b. here: Persis, b. 
April 3, 1740, m. Hezeki'ah Stowell. Nov. •^4, 1758; Adonijah. b. Sept. 

12, 1742, lived at Shorehani. \"t., and Ballston Spa, N. Y. ; Abel. b. :^Iar. 
29, 1746, 111. Anna Nichols: Mary, b. Feb. 10, 1750, m. Joseph Goodwin; 
Seth, bapt. April 24, 1748, rem. to Guilford. Vt. ; Susan, m. Thomas 

Eaton and d. here, April 25. 1786; Abigail, bapt. May 27, 175:3, m. 

Goodnow ; fonas, bajjt. June 2'J, 1755. m. Elizabeth Carver. 

Rice, Eiiakim* ( Elisiia\ Thos.-, Edmund'), b. Feb. 27, 1709, m. INIe- 
hitable Livermore. daU. of Daniel of Weston. May 14, 1 730 ; lived here. 
Children, b. here: Mehitable. b. Sept. 10, 1731, m. Aloses Peirce of Wes- 
ton, son of Thomas: Daniel, b. Dec. 29. 1733, d. unm. : Eliakim. b. Apr. 
4, 1736, d. y. ; Betty, h. about 1739. ni. Ebenezer Johnson; Ezekiel, b. 
Dec. 21, 1742, m. Eunice Cutting: Elizalieth. bapt. July 31. 174S. 

Rice, Samuel- (Edmund'), b. 1634: m. (1) Elizabeth King. Nov. 
8, 1655; she d. Oct., 1667; m. (2) Mary Brown. Sept., 1668; ni. (3) Dec. 

13, 1676, Sarah Hosmer. widow of lames Jr. He d. at Marlborough 
Feb. 25, 1684-5. 

Rice, Joshua-' (Samuel-, Edmund'), b. April 19, 1661; d. at Marl., 
June 23, 1734. He was a proprietor of this town and had 30 acres granted 
him in 1718. when he was living here. He returned to Alarl.. but two 
sons settled here. His widow Mary d. at ^larl.. Dec. ]76i). aged 95 y. 
Bridget Usher, widow, Boston, sold to Joshua Rice of Marl, land here, 
Jan. 24, 1716. Joshua bought land of his nephew Jonathan Hubbard Jr., 
Mar. 9, 1717 ; of Daniel Haywood, Aug. 4, 1720, (when he was of Marl.) ; 
of John Hubbard, May 21, 1729, (when he was here). He deeded land 
here to son Zephaniah, Apr. 22. 1730, and was then of Marl. 

Rice, Zephaniah' (Joshua-\ Samuel-, Edmund'), b. Sept. 22, 1700, 
111. Mary Haywood of this town and settled here; town clerk 1727-28- 
29, and d. Mav 10, 1730; his widow Marv, adnix. Children, b. here; 
Persis, b. Oct.' 8. 1725, d. Mar. 15. 1740-1;' Mary, b. June 22. 1727. m. 
Jacob Heminway: Anna. 1). Aug. 17, 1729. iii. Reuben ^liles. 

Rice. Thomas'' (Thomas*. Ephraim^, Thos.-. Edmund'), b. Alarch 
17, 175;i: (1. here Dec. 10. 1837. aged 85 y. He m. (1) Nov. 26, 1778, 
Lydia Tatnian. who d. May. 1805. aged 5l'y. He m. (2) Nov. 16, 1808, 
Elipha Learned, who d. Sept. 21. 1845, aged 83 y. He left a will dated 
Jan. 2, 1833. Children, b. here: Thomas, b. Oct. 14, 1779, merchant, 
d. Eastport, Ale., June 13, 18K3: Sarah Tatinan, b. Feb. 23, 1781, d. 
unm. Mar., 1807; "Judith, b. Nov. 5, 1782, m. Hafifield Gould, June 9, 
1807, who d. here Mar.. 1808. he d. at Hardwick, Sept., 1856: Lvdia, b. 
July 18, 1785; Polly, b. Dec. 1, 1789; Daniel, b. June 24, 1794. 

Rice, Josiah^ (Thomas*, Ephraim". Thos.-. Edmund'), b. Nov. 10, 
1757; served in the Rev., m. Elizabeth Trowbridge, Sept. 1, 1778. She 
m. (2) Jonathan Colby. Children, b. here: Josiah, b. Aug. 3. 1780, m. 
Cynthia Chapin ; Sarah, bapt. March 5, 1780, d. unm. 

Rice, Jonathan-'' (.\bsaloiii*, Jonas^, Thomas-, Edmund'), b. Apr. 8, 
1736; 111. Jan. 14, 1761, Eunice Whipple and lived here; d. June 16, 1791. 



AND ITS PEOPLE -^lO 



He was "tor many years a deinity sheriff — an honest man and a good 
citizen." He sujiported the government during Shays' Rel)elHon and 
was shot through the hand in a skirmish in New Braintree in the winter 
of 1T8()-T. His widow Eunice d. Mar. r>, lMi>. aged 70 y., leaving a will. 
Children, b. here: Eunice, b. [an. !•, \:r>--i. d. May G, ITi;."): Jonathan, 
b. Nov. -.'.J. i:(J4. d. Dec. "if'. ITtj-"); Eunice, b. Feb. 15, 
17GG, d. Mav 12, i:7(): Azubah. b. April 24. HGS. d. unm.; P.etty. b. 
Mav 11. 177i. (I. Se])t. 11. ]77;i: Sarah, b. June .".. 17 7;i. m. Samuel Sturte- 
van't; Jonas, h. Nov. 4. \',]'t. m. Esther lii.xby: Jonathan, b. May 2, 
1778. d. April Ki, 1801 : Mary. b. May !i. 1781. m. Isaac Gleason 2(1. 

Rice, Comfort^ (Gershom^ (iershonr-. Thomas'-, Edmund'), was b. 
Aug. 10, 1721*: m. IMartha Morris of Woodstock. Ct. ; lived here in what 
is now Auburn, where she d. June. 1812. aged SI yrs. He d. at Auburn 
Aug.. 181 (i. aged 87 yrs. His will was dated Feb. 22. iso:!. and proved 
Dec. 3. 181G." Children, b. here: Esther, b. Dec. .21». 17."i".. m. Daniel. 
Gale of Petersham; Jonathan, b. July 24. 17:.;. d. Apr. 22, 17:)'J; Mary, 
b. Feb. 27, 17G1. m. Timothy Bancroft of Auburn, d. 1844: Nancy, b. 
Oct. 27, 1762. m. John Stone, removed to Worthington, and d. Feb. 
1849, in 87th yr. ; Jonathan, b. Mar. 7, 17G4, ni. Mary Stevens; Darius, 
b. Nov. 2, 17g'g, m. Anna Stevens: Betsev. b. Mav 27. 1768. m. Thomas 
Hart; Peter, b. July 22. 1771, m. Mary Hart: Edward, b. Mar. 27, 1773, 
m. Miriam Gleason; Martha m. James Hart, and d. here, aged 68 yrs. 

Rice, Lemuel" (Hezekiah", Luke', Daniel'. Edward". EdmundM. b- 
Mav 11, 1740. rem. to Wor. and m. here. Sept. l-J. 1763, Abigail Lynde. 
He served in the Rev. He was deputy jailor several years; d. ]\Iay 17, 
1806. His widow m. in 1816 Daniel Noyes of Sy., who d. Feb. 3. 1824. 
She d. at Sy.. Apr. 6. 1837. Children, b. here: Esther, b. Jan. 24, 1766, 
m. Benjamin Russell; Jonathan L\-nde, b. Sept. 7, 1768, d. (_)ct. 2(). 17(58; 
Levi. b. ALay 28. 1772. "m. Elizabeth Johnson; Alolly, 1). Oct. 1!>. 1774; 
Nahum. 1). Mar. 10. 1780. ni. Mira Monroe. 

Richards. — William^ Richards, b. in Eng.. came to Plymouth liefore 
1632: lived in Wevmouth. Braintree and Scituate. (See Richards Gen. 

P- -S^- ' .... 

Richards. Itjhn- (WilliamM. \v as one of the i>roprietors of Wor- 
cester during the second settlement. 

Richards. Joseph- (William'), was one i.>f the jiroprietors of the 
town in 1674; finally settled in Weymouth. 

David Richards, ]ierhaps of the same family, d. here Jan. 29. 1829, 
aet. 7iS: he m. here May ."i. 1778. Rebecca Gates, who d. (Jet. 13. 1834. 
aet. 82 (g. s. ). 

Richardson. — Samuel' Richardson, b. in Eng.. settled in Carlestown 
earlv ; with two brothers and others, founded Wolnirn : town officer 
there; d. there. Alarch 2:!. l(i")7-8. 

Richardson. Samuel- (Saml.'). b. at Woburn, May 22. 1G4G. His 
wife Martha d. Dec. 20. 1G73: m. (2) Sept. 20, 1G74. Hannah Kingsley, 
who was k. by Lidians, .\pril 10. 167(i: m. (3) Nov. 7. 1676, Phebe Bald- 
win; m. (4) Sarah Hayward. dau. of Nathaniel of ALalden. He lived in 
Richardson Row. Woburn. now in Winchester; served in K. P. War; 
d. Apr. 29, 1712; had 15 children. 

Richardson. Thomas^ (Saml.-. Saml.'). b. at Woburn Sept. 2'j. 1G84 ; 
m. at Watertown. Sept. 29. 1713, Rebecca W'yman. dau. of Samuel and 
Rebecca ( Johnson) of Woburn. He lived in Watertown and d. there 
Jan. 12. 1774. aged 93 y. In his will. Nov. 8. 1771. he beq. to children of 



220 HISTORY OF IV ORC ESTER 

son Thomas of W'or. (deceased), to son Peter of Shrewsbury; Palmer 
and Lucretia Goulding of \\'or. and others. 

Richardson, Thomas* (Thos.-', Saml.-, Saml.^), b. at Woburn Feb. 
15, 17i:J-4; settled in the County Gore between Grafton and this town, 
later annexed to Wor. His will, dated here Mar. 23, 1759, proved May 
2, 1759, beq. to wife Mehitable and children — David, Lucy, Jonas, Peter, 
Rebecca, Sarah, Thomas and Lucretia. Children recorded here : Reu- 
ben, b. Dec. i:i, 1737, d. here Dec. 20, 1737; David, b. Dec. 22, 1738; 
Lucy, b. Nov. (J, 1740, m. April 17, 1759, Paul Chase of Sutton; Jonas, 
b, Jan. 18. 1742; Peter, b. Feb. 18, 1745, was of Sy., when he m. Sept. 
11, 17 71. Mary Rice; Sarah, b. May 17, 1747; Rebecca, twin of Sarah, 
m. Oct. 31, 1777, Palmer Goulding: Thomas, b. Feb. 16, 1750; Lucretia, 
b. June 2, 1753, m. May 6, 1778, Samuel Howlett Jr. Bv 2d wife: Azu- 
bah, bapt. Sept. 18, 1759. 

Richardson, David* (Thos.'\ Saml.-, Saml.^j, b. here. Dec. 22. 1738, 
m. here. Mar. 27, 1760, Rebecca Nichols. (See p. 226, Richardson Gen.). 
He had a guardian appointed. Jan. 31, 1758-9. His widow m. (2) Nov. 
9, 1779, John Prentice of Ward. His will, dated May 6, proved July 7, 
1777. beq. to sons Zechariah and Peter, minors. Children, b. here; Zach- 
ariah, b. Dec. 21, 1761. m. FeVj. 11, 1783, Sarah Prentice of Ward; Asa, 
b. Nov. 2, 1763; Peter, b. Aug. 23, 1766; Lvdia, b. Feb. 23, 1770; Na- 
than, b. Oct. 24, 1772. 

Rickey. — John Rickey. Scotch-Irish it is supposed, was living here in 
1741. and had here by wife Jeane : Elizabeth, b. May 8. 1741 ; Israel, bapt. 
Jan, 22, 1748-9; removing from town soon afterward. 

Ripley. — George Rijjley of Boston, proprietor under a grant dated 
May 211. J<;t<8. adjoining grants of William Paine, Thomas Atherton, 
John AX ing and James Butler, sold land here to Benjamin Dyer of Bos- 
ton, March 15. in2-3. There is no indication that he settled here later. 
Robbing. — Nathaniel Robbins. probably of the Grafton family, was 
here several vears and then left. Children, b. here: Nancy, bapt. Feb. 
20, 1780; El'isha, and Elijah, bapt. Dec. 1, 1781; Luther, bapt. Mav 
4, 178;!. 

Roper. — Juhn* Roper. 1). Eng. 1588. came from Buckingham, Co. Nor- 
folk, in 16:)7. and settled in Dedham. where he d. after 1664. 

Roper. John- (John' ), b. in Eng. 1611 ; his wife Alice was b. in Eng. 
in 1614; they came to N. E. in 1637. He was a carpenter. He settled 
in Dedham and lived later in Charlestown and Lancaster; was killed 
by Indians in Lancaster March 26, 1676. His widow Alice m. (2) April . 
14, 1681. John Dickinson; (3) in 1684 at Salisbury, William .A.llen. 

Roper, Ephraim* (John-, John^), b. in Dedham, Dec. 23, 1644; m. 

Priscilla ; settled in Lancaster, where a dau. Priscilla was slain 

by Indians. He m. (2) at Concord. Nov. 20, 1677, Hannah Goble. He 
and wife and another daughter were slain at the second massacre in 
Lancaster, Nov. 11, 1697. 

Roper, Ephraim* (Ephraim", John", John^), b. in Sudbury, 1687, m. 
there about 1714 SA'billah Moore, dau. of Richard and Mary (Collins). 
He was captured by Indians and kept two years. About 1721, he moved 
from Sudbury to this town. He was accidentally killed by a gunshot 
wound, Feb. 16, 1730, and is buried on the Common. He was of Sud- 
bury, April 20, 1721. when he bought land here of Jonas Rice. He sold 
land here, July 2, 1728, to James Campbell and Robert Hannah of Scit- 
uate. His son Ephraim had Richard Moore of Oxford ap])ointed guar- 
dian, Aug. 11, 1732 ; Simon Dakin of Sutton, surety. Ephraim Jr. settled 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



in Sterling and is the ancestor of Marcellus Roper of this city. Children 
by wife Svbillah, b. at Sudburv and here: Mary, b. May 20, i:i5 : Eph- 
raini, b. C3ct. 21, ITKi; Priscil'la, b. Mav 20. 1T'18: Sybillah, b. Mar. •). 
1720; Abigail, b. Mar. 11, 1T22: Ruth. b. Jan. 14. 1T34: John. b. Oct. 2:, 
1735; Nathaniel, b. Mar. 2. K^:. d. Nov. 11. 1744, here: Hannah, b. 
Mar. 3, 1729: Daniel, h. Oct. 2. ];;iO. ancestor of the Ropers of Rutland. 

Rosebrooks. — George Rosebrooks (also spelled Roseborough), mar- 
ried here Aug. i!. 168(J, (Mdlx. Co. records, p. (500). Mary Lovell ( bv Rev. 
William Rrinsmead). This name was afterward common in L'nion, 
Ct. The family did not return after K. P. War. 

Rugg. — Joseph Rugg-. son of John, the ])ioneer, lived at Marlborough 
and Lancaster. Thomas How of Marlborough deeded to Joseph Rugg 
"for love for a loving friend" land here, .\pril :!0. 1722. Evidently Rugg 
did not settle here. 

Salisbury. — John' Salisbury, b. in Eng.. settled in Boston: m. (1) 
Annabel : (2) Bridget \\'illiams. 

Salisbury, Nicholas- (JohnM. 1). in Boston Aug. 20, 1(194, was a mer- 
chant there ; m. Martha Saunders. Oct. 1. 1724. His will was dated Apr. 
4, 1748. He had sons Samuel whc:> lived here from 17 7(; to 178(1. and 
Stephen. 

Salislnirv. Stephen' (Nicholas-. John'), was b. in Boston. Sept. 2'>. 
174(5. He was in partnership with his brother Samuel, importing hard- 
ware and other merchandise from England and the West Indies. Ste- 
phen came here in 17(57 to establish a branch store. The business pros- 
pered from the beginning. The store was at Lincoln Sq. and he bought 
a farm to the northward. Cntil well advanced in life his mother had 
charge of his house. After her death he m.. Jan. 31. 1797. Elizabeth 
Tuckerman. dau. of Edward and Elizabeth of Boston. He was a Whig 
in politics and served on important town committees during the Revo- 
lution. He was a charter member of the old Fire Society, from 119:5 to 
1801. Dr. Bancroft called him a "just man." "His figure was slight 
and handsome and he retained a complexion of youthful freshness until 
the end of his life." He was of hue i)resence and courtly manner. 

The mansion that he built in 177 still stands in Lincoln Sq.. one of 
the finest colonial mansions sur\iving. It is now in the possession of 
the Art Museum. He d. May 11. 1S29. Children, b. here: Stephen, b. 
Mar. 8. 1798: Elizabeth Tuckerman, b. March 8, 1800. d. ]8()3: Edward 
Tuckerman, b. May 7, 1803. d. 1809. 

Salisbury. Stephen'' (Stephen", Nicholas-'. John'). 1). here. March 8. 
1798. He attended the old center district school and Leicester Academy 
and graduated from Harvard with honors in isl ;. He studied law in the 
office of Samuel M. Burnside and was admitted to the bar. but his time 
was engrossed by private business. He inherited a large estate and 
during his life added constantly to his possessions, becoming one of the 
most important financial figures of the state in his day. He succeeded 
Daniel Waldo as president of the Worcester Bank in 1845. and held that 
office 39 years, and was a director for 52 years. He resigned as presi- 
dent of tlie Worcester County Institution for Savings, after holding that 
office a quarter of a century. He was one of the original directors of 
the Worcester & Nashua Railroad in 1845. and its president. 1850-1. /Kt 
Lincoln Sq. he built the factory long known as Court Mills for the man- 
ufacture of farming implements, and when the site was needed for 
other purposes he built for the Ames Plow Co.. which had succeeded to 
the earlier partnership, a large factory on Prescott St. He built the 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



first wire mill un Grove street and from time to time enlarged the build- 
ings to adapt them to the needs of the Washburn & Moen Alfg. Co. He 
erected other large factory buildings on Union street. During his later 
years he accomplished much for the northerly section of the city, erecting 
among others the Salisbury buildings in Lincoln scjuare for stores and 
dwellings. In 1837 he built the house on Highland street, now used by 
the Art School. 

He was not only the leading merchant and cajMtalist of the town, 
but was in many senses its first citizen, taking a large share in the 
administration of municipal afi^airs. In ]83!( he was selectman; in 1838- 
i), representative; in 17-16-7, state senator; and member of the first 
board of aldermen in 1848. In 18(j0 and 187'^ he was presidential elector 
on the Republican ticket. 

.\s early as 1840 he was a member ut the American .\nti(|uarian 
Society, councillor from 1853 until he died, and president from 18.J4 
until the end of his life. He was the third president of the trustees of 
the Free Public Library, serving in ISCl-.J, and again in 1868-1872, and 
generously contributed to the liljrary funds. 

He was for many years a member of the ^lass. Hist. Society. He 
received the degree of LL.D. from Harvard in 1875 and from 1872 to 
1883 was overseer of the college. He was one of the prime movers in 
establishing the Worcester Polytechnic Institute, and its first president, 
serving until he died. He gave the land and from year to year gave 
generouslv to its support and u]>lniilding. He was a faithful and loyal 
menil:)er of the First Unitarian Church. 

His character was well rounded : genial, obliging, courteous ; upright 
and honorable: of exceptional ability: possessing all the virtues of an 
American gentleman of his generation. And he was a scholar as well 
as a man of affairs, loving his alma mater, and holding to the ideals 
of a liberal education. 

He. died here Aug. 24, 1884, in his 87th year. At his funeral the 
Rev. Dr. Andrew P. Peabody preached the sermon, using for his text: 
"We all do fade as a leaf." 

He m. (1) Nov. 7, 1833, Rebekah Scutt Dean of Charlestown, N. H. 
She d. July 24. 1843, leaving an only child, Stephen. He m. (2) 
Nancy (Hoard) Lincoln, widow of Capt. George Lincoln. She d. Sept. 
4, 1852, and he m. (3) in 1855, Mary (Grosvenor) Bangs, widow of Hon. 
Edward Bangs, once secretary of state of Mass. She d. Sept. 35, 1864. 

Salisbury, Hon. Stephen'' (Stephen'', Stephen-"-, Nicholas-, John'), b. 
here March .31, 1835, in one of the Salisbury buildings opposite the court 
house: died here Nov. 16, l'J05. He was a pupil in the private school of 
Airs. Levi Heywood. He spent the winter of 1841-2 with his parents in 
Savannah, Ga., and on his return attended the school of Mrs. Jonathan 
Wood at the corner of Main and School streets. For a term or so in 
1844 he was in Miss Bradfcjrd's School, Boston. From 1845 to 1848 he 
was a student in the grammar school, kept by Warren Lazell, and then 
entered the high school, of which Nelson Wheeler was principal. Enter- 
ing Harvard in 1852, he graduated in 1856, and^then went abroad, study- 
ing in the Frederick William University, Berlin. During the spring of 
1857 he attended lectures at L'Ecole de Droit in Paris, spending the 
summer and autumn with classmates in England, Scotland and Ireland, 
visiting afterward Turkey, Asia ]\Iinor and Greece, making a month's 
tour on horseback. Resuming his studies in Berlin and Paris, he con- 



JXD ITS FEOPLIL -'-'3 



tinned until his lather's family came aln-uad, then juinetl them in a tour 
of Italv and the United Kingdom. 

In December. 1S5S, he returned home and fur a time studied book- 
keeping as a preparation for business, afterward studying law in the 
offices of Dewey & Williams, and in ]s:>!i entered Havard Law .School. 

After receiving his degree in law in isfU he was admitted to the bar 
in Worcester County. Oct. IStil. and during the following winter visited 
David Casares, a classmate, at his home in Yucatan, where he made a 
study of the ruins and monuments of the Maya Indians and acqun-ed a 
knowledge of .Spanish and an interest in Central .\merica that never 
waned. In bss.") he made another visit to his old friend, also touring 
in Mexico ;in<l Culia. lie went abroad again in bSSS, visiting France, 
Belgium, Holland and Spain, Portugal and other countries. In this 
countrv he was throughout his life a constant traveler and a keen 
ol;>server. 

His business career began early. In ISC,:; he liecame a trustee of 
the State Mutual Life Assurance Co.; in l^i<:> a director of the Worces- 
ter National Hank, and in 1S84 succeeded his father as president. In 
18;; he Iiecanie a trustee and memlier of the investment board of the 
Worcester County Institution for Savings, of which his father had been 
president, and in ISS'i he succeeded (iov. Alexander H. Bullock as its 
president. He was also a director of the Worcester & Nashua Railroad 
Co. and of the Boston, Barre & Gardner Railroad Co. In many other 
transportation, manufacturing and financial coriiorations he was a 
director. 

In jiublic ati'airs he was often called into service. In i)olitics he 
was a Republican, but he had a wide personal following outside of his 
jiarty. In lS()4-65-66 he was member of the common council, and presi- 
dent' during his last term. In 1S8!I he became one of the commissioners 
of sinking funds of the city, serving until his death. He was state sen- 
ator lSii:"'>-il4-!)"). and chairman of the committees on education, banks 
and banking, and the committee on the treasury. He was for many 
years delegate to important nominating conventions of his party. 

Mr. Salisbury was conspicuously active and useful in many educa- 
tional, charitable' and historical institutions, giving freely and regularly 
of his fortune to a great numlier, and setting other rich men an example 
in beneficence. He was a memljer of the old Worcester Lyceum and 
Natural History Association: vice-president of the Worcester Agricul- 
tural Society; trustee of Clark University from its foundation in 1887 
to the end of his life, and at one time its treasurer: trustee of Leicester 
Academy: for ten rears treasurer of the Music Hall Assocation and one 
of its directors. 

He became a trustee of the City Hospital when it was incorporatdl 
in ls;'<!. and was secretary 18 years: trustee of the Alemorial Hospital 
and secretarv ten years: vice-president of St. X'incent Hosjjital. He 
was also a trustee of Hope Cemetery corporation. 

In 1884 he was elected trustee of the Worcester Polytechnic Insti- 
tute, was its president in 18!:i.3, and one of its most liberal supporters, giv- 
ing at one time $300,000 and leaving another large bequest when he died. 

Perhaps no institution took more of his time and gave to him more 
])Ieasure than the American Antiquarian Society. He became a memln-r 
in 1863: councillor in 1874: vice-president in iss4, and from 1887 until 
he died, was president. In his will he left it a fund of $-.^"J0,000. from 
which the present magnificent library building was built, besides his own 



224 HISTORY O'F WORCESTER 

valuable library. His generosity was the principal means of making the 
library one of the finest historical institutions in the country, and in 
many respects the best. 

He was a member of the faculty of the Peabody Museum of .\rche- 
ology of Harvard University; member of the Mass. Hist. Society, to 
which he bequeathed $5,000 ; member of the New England Historic 
Genealogical Society, the Sociedad Mexicana de Geografia y Estadistica 
and the Conservatorio Yucateco ; the American Geographical Society 
and theWorcester County Horticultural Society. He was one of the 
greatest friends of the Worcester Musical Festival for man}- years. 

His writings include important contributions relating to Yucatan, in 
the Proceedings of the Antiquarian Society. He translated and pub- 
lished many papers relating to Central America and other subjects. In 
1888 he contributed an exhaustive article on "Early Books and Libraries." 
He spoke fluently in Spanish and other languages. 

His public benefactions were greater than those of any citizen before 
his time. He gave a building for the City Hospital : a laboratory and 
electrical station for the \V. P. 1.; a public jiark to the city in 1887, now 
known as Institute Park ; land and funds for the building of the Wor- 
cester Society of Antiquity in which he was always keenly interested, 
a member and officer for many years. In 1896 he gave the land for the 
Art Museum and was the chief donor for the building and endowment, 
making the Art Museum his residuary legatee of a sum amounting to 
several million dollars. In 1899 he gave lands for the Woman's Club 
building. In 1900 he built the Bancroft tower and. since his death, 
Bancroft Hill has been given to the city by the trustees of the .Art Mu- 
seum, in accordance with his intention. He never married and prac- 
tically his entire estate, amounting tu from three to five millions, was 
given in public bequests. 

His character is defined by Hon. E. B. Crane: "Rich, honest, 
charitable, generous except to himself, public-spirited, temperate, gentle- 
manly, scholarly, genial, plain of speech and of dress: open, frank, cor- 
dial, social, never revengeful, always delighted with rendering service 
for others ; although born rich, he accumulated wealth : he was void 
of every form of ostentation. His great wealth with the confidence in 
which he was held in the community ga\-e him vast power and influence, 
yet he never used that power and influence except for public good and 
never for personal gain or advancement. .Almost every worthv cause 
within the confines of his native cit}- and many outside that circle 
received help from his hand, and I venture to state that there was not 
an institution in this community organized for the purpose of aiding the 
poor and unfortunate in any way but was helped by him." 

Salisbury. SamueP (Nicholas-, John^), b. in Boston, also lived in 
W'orcester. Bv wife Elizabeth he had here : Rebecca Waldo, b. Aug. 
15, nrfi: Stephen, b. Feb. 27, 1778; Joseph Sewell, b. Nov. 1, 1779; Jo- 
siah, b. Feb. 15, 1781 ; Sally, b. Nov. 19. 1782. His descendants did not 
remain here. 

Salter. — The .Salters owned land here, but did not settle permanentlv. 
if at all. .-Eneas Salter, a shop-keeper of Boston, mortgaged land to 
Giles Dyer, Apr. 3, 1718, and after his death Samuel Salter, a "Pavior" 
of Boston, eldest son of .Eneas, sold his interests in land here to the 
widow Mary Salter. 

William Salter and Daniel Powning of Boston deeded land here, 
Jan. 3, 172(5-7, to Nathaniel Jones. 



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AND ITS rnoPLi: 



Sanderson. — Edward' Sanderson, h. in Eng.. settled early in Water- 
town : ni. ( let. l."i, l()t."), Mary Eggleston : lived also in Cambridge. 

Saiulerson. Dea. Jonathan-' (Edward'), m. in Cambridge. Oct. "<!4, 
IfHili. .Abia Bartlett. b. May -^S. Hi.'. 1. dan. of Ensign Thomas and Han- 
nah. .She d. .Sept. l.i. \'.'^'->. lie was a selectman 10 \ ears. He d. 
in \:->fi. 

Sanderson. Sanuiel ' (Jonathan-. Edward'), b. May "is. ICSl ; d. May 
,S. KTti: m. Apr. l-'!, HOS. Merc\- (iale. who was killed bv lightning, 
Jnly 8. J :■.'•.'. 

Sanderson. Abraham^ (Samuel . Jonathan-, Edward'), b. Mar. "^8, 
nil: m. at Watertcjwn. Dec. (.i, M-'>'.\. Patience Smith; li\ed .at Lunen- 
burg. His will was dated Oct. I. W'.t'i. 

.Sanderson. Abrani' (.Abraham'. Samuel'. J(.inathan-. Edward'), b. 
at W'atertown or Lunenburg; settled here where he m. Dec. 18, 1T(J(), 
Elizabeth Childs and had: Tabitha. ba]it. June (i. 17(il: Elizabeth, 
liapt. June :!. K(;4. m. .Aug. ;!1. 1 ;.">(. .Samuid Johnscm; Jonathan Childs, 
bapt. "May 4. KilG. 

Sargent. — William' .Sargent, li. in Eng..' settled in Ch.arlestciw n in 
1(J38 ; a founder of Maiden lii4ti; remosed in llarnstable lil'iii. and d. 
there. His will is dated Mar. '.». Kil'.i-Sd. 

Sargent. John- (William'), h. Dec. !•;:!!•. d. at Maiden. Sept. 4. KK!; 
m. Deborah Hillier of Harnstal>le. b. at Yarmouth. ( )ct. :!(l. \f>42. d. .Apr. 
2(J. K.Kii). dan. of Hugh. He m. ( ■.' ) Sept. •'!. l(i(i!». Alary Bense, who d. 
Feb., 1<)T()-1. and m. (;!) Lvdia Chipman vi liarnstable. b. Dec. 'i't. 1('>">4, 
d. ALar. •.'. i;:i(). 

Sargent. Joseph ■ (John-, William'), b. .Apr. is, Kiii:!. at P>arnstable ; 
m. liiS.j, Alary Green, 1). Dec, liiCi.s. d. .A])r. '■>. 1 Vi'-K dan. of John ; lived at 
Maiden and Charlestown. He d. Nov. 'i',. ]]\',. 

Sargent, labez-* (|(.is.'. b.jhn-, Wni.M. b. Kl!'-.', d. Oct. <!S. K.s]; ni. 

(1) Aug. -.'1. "i;i(i. Marv Lvnde. Ii. .\ug. •-':.. Hi'.i-.'. d. Mav -Jii. i;44: m. 

(2) Oct. I», i:4(i, Rachel Waite. b. Oct. 24. \U\i. d. Dec' •-':;. \:U\. d.au. 
of Thos. Children: Jabez. .Silas. .Amos. Ezra and Lydia. 

Sargent, Jabez''' (Jabez\ los.'. lohn"-'. Wni.'). li. Jan. IS. I "".'0. ni. 
Nov. --^4. i;4;5," Abigail Mower." 1>. May I'.i. Kls. d. Dec" 2'.i. bSOl. dan. of 
Samuel. He came here soon after his tirst marriage; removed before 
the Revolution to Chester. \"t. Children, b. here; Abigail, b. .Apr. 15, 
lv4(5; Lydia. b. Feb. "i'.). n48: Jabez. 1). Sept. 4. K.V). m. Persis Lord; 
Amos, b. Apr. ',. \',o'A. m. .Sarah Bowker, rem. to Chester, \'t. ; Samuel, b. 
Nov. G, lT5o, m. Abigail Blanev. rem. to Chester;. Nahum. h. Alar. 3, 
1758, m. Sarah Willis. 

Sargent, Thomas of Northheld deeded land here. 73 acres west of 
North Pond, to Robert Peebles. July 1. i:v!(i. 

Sargent. John, deeded to Steidien Belding of Northtield. land here, 
Nov. -28. 1724." 

Sargent. Digory. a soldier in King Philip's War in Capt. Daniel 
Henchman's Co.. Nov. 1(17.5. and in Lt. Nathaniel Reynolds's Co. of 
Chelmsford in June l(i7(i. took oath of allegiance in Boston in KITS. 
His ancestry has not been traced. In KiS.j or soon afterward he settled 
in Worcester. He m. Oct. 13. ](i!>3. being then of Worcester. Con- 
stance James of Boston. She must have died first, for in his will, dated 
Mar. 17, 1696, he bequeaths only to his daughter Alartha. He married 

again in 1696 Alary , said to have been a sister of George Par- 

menter of Sudbury. 

After the other settlers had abandoned the settlement he staved 
W.— 1-15. 



226 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

ht-re and was killed by Indians in the winter of li0;i-4: and his wife and 
five children were captured before a party of soldiers, sent to take him 
and his family to a place of safety, could reach them. In a roll of Eng- 
lisli prisoners in the hands of French and Indians at Canada in HIO 
the names of the mother Mary and five children ap])ear, though the peti- 
tion of the son John for a grant of land, dated Ncjv. ^i), 1738, (Alass. 
Archives. Ixxii, p. 4T0), states that the mother and a son were killed at 
the same time with the father, in 171)4. 

.Administration of JJigory's estate was granted, .Sept. 25, 1707. to 
George Parmcnter of .Sudbury (Middlesex Probate. Vol. 12, pp. 242-3). 
The division ordered liy the court. Alar. (i. 1720-1, states that he left 
five children now surviving: John. David, Thomas, Martha and Mary; 
that Alarv and Daniel were still in Canada and living among the French. 
(See X. E. Reg. 1!)()4. p. ;?7 7 ). Children (by wife Constance) : 1. Mar- 
tha, b. about lli!i4. m.- .\\)r. (:!. 1719. Capt.' Daniel Shattuck. By wife 
Mary: 2. Lieut. John, b. aliout 169(i, cajjtured 1704, released about 1716; 
became a scout and interjireter in the service Of Mass. Province: was in 
garrison at Northfield in 1721 and rose to the rank of lieutenant in 1738 
(See Hist. Northfield): He was granted 200 acres near Ft. Dunimer, 
now Brattleborough. \'t.. on account of the massacre of his "father, 
mother and brcjther" and captivit}- of his brothers and sisters; he mar- 
ried July 4, 1727, Abigail Jones of Springfield; he was killed and scalped 
by Indians, Mar. 29, 1748, and his scalp was somehow returned to his 
family ; his descendants are numerous in Vermont. 3. Daniel, b. about 
1(!98, d. unm. in Canada before .\ug., 1728. 4. Mary, was living in 
Canada in hng.. 1728. ■'). Thnmas. 1). about 1694; taken captive in 1704; 
was released and in Boston .\\>v., 1 7 1."> ; had Jonas Rice of Wor. appointed 
guardian Mar. fi. 1720-1 : was sentinel in the Northfield garrison 1723-4 
(.See Northfield hist.) and in the service until 172(5; sold his interests in 
lands of his father's estate in Wor. Aug. 3, 1728, to William Williams of 
Weston, clerk; nothing further known, (i. Son killed in 1704. 

Sawin. — |cihn' Sawin, b. in Eng., son of Robert, late of Boxford, 
Co. Sufifolk, Eng., settled in Watertown ; m. .Abigail .Munning, dau. of 
Geo. He was a cordwainer. He d. 1()9(). intestate. 

Sawin. Munning- (JohnM, 1:>. at Watertown. .Apr. 4, Kj.")."); lived in 
that town. 

Sawin. John- (Munning-, JohnM, b. 1(189 at Watertown: m. Dec. 
."), 1711, Elizabeth Coolidge ; was constable and selectman: rem. to 
Maiden. 

Sawin, Stephen"* ('John', Munning-', John'), b. 1712 at Watertown: 
d. 1795. He removed to Wor. in 1745 from Watertown Farms, where he 
located in 17 33. In 17(11 he rem. to Westminster. He m. .Vbigail Fisk. 
Children: fonrithan : Samuel: Benjamin: John; David. Born here: 
Elizabeth, b. Jan. IC. 1748, m. (1) .Andrew Derby, and (2) Abel Wood- 
man: Reuben, b. .Sept., 1753, soldier in the Revolution, m. Annis Rob- 
])ins; Abijah. l)apt. July 14, 1754. d. v.: Sarah, bapt. Jan. 23. 1757, m. 
Nehemiah Bovvers, lived at Rindge, N. H. (See Sawin Gen., p. 10). 

Sawin, Jonathan" (Stephen*. John', Munning% John'), b. at Water- 
town Farms 17;i5: soldier in F. & I. War and Revolution. He came 
here with his i)arents about 1745. and m. here. Feb. 15. 1759, Mary Whit- 
ney, who d. in 182(). He was a weaver. He went with his father to 
Westminster. 17()1. Children, b. here: Daniel, b. Dec. 19, 175i), and 
lames, b. Jan. 2^ . 1 7(11 . 

Sawin, Capt. Samuel' (Stejihen', John'. Munning-'. John'), b. at 



AXP ITS PEOPLE 22y 



Watertuwn Farms, i:;)S: stone cutter: also went to Westminster. \'A\\. 
He m. here lune l!i. KtiO. Marv \Vilsi)n of Siulhury and they had here 
Mollv. 1)ai.l."Xov. -.'I, \:iVi. He m. d) Martha .Miller. Ily 1st wife he 
had four children: hy ".^d wife, ei^ht. He was a captain in the Rev- 
olution. 

Sawyer. — Isaac .'lawyer of Watertown hou^dit land here of James 
Knapp of this town and wife Mary, .\pr. :i. \'ri\. but did not settle. 

Scott. — Thomas .Scott had a son David, hapt. here May 'i. K^O. 
The stay of this family ajjpears to be brief. \. f. k. 

Shallows. — Conrad Shallows, a Hessian prisoner of War, had here 
by wife K.itherine, daughter Hannah, bapt. Dec. "^1, 17T8. 

Sloane. — lames Sloane, Scotch-Irish, came here before J 740, and 
left after i;.")(l". He bought land of r'.enjamin Flagg and others. May 3, 
1748, and of fonathan Moore of ( ).\ford, land in Oxford, July H:, 1751. 
Bv wife .-\bigail he had: John. h. in Ireland, .Ai>ril 'V.), VrM. I'.orn here; 
Ja'mes, b. Aug. 23, 1741; Samuel, b. Apr. 23, 1741;; Mary, b. Sept. 
2, 1748. 

Shattuck. — Capt. Daniel Shattuck'' (\Villiam\ John', William-', Wil- 
liam'), b. 1(;m2, d. :Mar. 17, 1700, (Shattuck Gen., p. UU). He was 
among the earlv settlers of this town. He deeded land here to Moses 
Leonard, Dec. 20, 1721. He m. at Marlborough. Apr. 6, 171it, Martha 
Sargent, dan. of Digory (q. v.). She was captured in 1704 and carried 
to Canada bv Indians, released after seven years. She d. here in n22 
and he m. (2) May 7, 1724, Rebecca Roltwood, b. .\ug. 1. ItiiM. d. Mar. 
IC, 17.'i7, dan. of Sergt. Samuel and Sarah (Lewis) jjoltwood of Had- 
lev, bv whom he had four children born in Xorthheld, where he died. 
By his first wife, he had Sarah, who m. Elijah Rice of Westhorough ; 
re's, at L'pton and Henniker, N. H., and had five children. 

Shaw. — David Shaw of Brimfield owned here land that he deeded to 
Eleazer How of ^Marlborough, May 2!», 1722. 

Skidinore. — Richard Skidmore was here in \''M'<, but soon left. He 
mav have belonged to the New York family of this name, but perhaps 
was a Scotch-Irish immigrant. Xo further trace of him has been found. 
He had 1)\- wife Jemima a dau. Keziah, b. July 26, 1736._ 

Slater. — Capt. Peter Slater came to Worcester from Boston with his 
widowed mother at the age of \h years, soon after the Battle of Bunker 
Hill. Slie died here, Oct. 30, 1814. aged 83 yrs. He took part in the 
Boston Tea Partv. He attended the meeting held on the afternoon of 
Dec. K;, 17 74, and his master, fearing some outbreak, took him home and 
locked him in a chaml)er. He escajjcd. went to a blacksmith's shop, 
and disguised himself. With five others he went aboard a brig and his 
part in the work was to push the tea overl)oard with a pole. He was 
b. in England May 2, 17G0, son of Peter and Abigail Slater. His father 
was English, his mother Scotch. His father was captain of a merchant 
vessel sailing between this country and England. He was a small boy 
wdien his father located in Pjoston and b(jught the "Wilde Tavern" estate. 
The father died in 17f)ii. 

Peter was apprenticed to John Gray, rope-maker. He enlisted Apr. 
6, 1777, in Capt. William Treadwell's co. and took part in the battles of 
Brandywine, Stonv Point, Monmouth and others. He wintered at \'al- 
ley Forge. Taken prisoner at Stony Point, he was sent to New^ York 
where he remained five months. .After three years of service he returned 
to Worcester and entered the emjjloy of Gov. Levi Lincoln. He bought 
of Eleazer Bradshaw a farm on Pakachoag Hill, now in .Auburn; built 



228 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

a rope-walk and kept a grocery store. In 1807 he removed his l:)usiness 
to what was formerly Slater Court at the rear of the site of the Rich- 
mond Building on Main St. Here he also kept a grocery store. In 
1(S]4 he bought the old Nashua Hotel at Lincoln Sq., and kept hotel; 
also had a line of stages between this town and Boston for a few years; 
resuming his business of rope-making afterward. After his death, his 
sons conducted the rope-walk. He d. here Oct. 13, 18;!1. 

In 1T8T he was elected a lieutenant of the artillery company and in 
181"-^ was commissioned captain. He was a selectman from 1818 to 
\>i'i'i. A monument was dedicated July 4, 18T0, in Hope Cemetery to his 
nieniorv. Hon. Isaac Davis and Hon. Henry Chapin made the addresses. 
The facts in this sketch were taken largely from a ])am])hlet issued at 
that time, entitled "The Historic Boston Tea Party," by Caleb .\. Wall. 
Hon. Isaac Davis, who was executor of Slater's will and knew him well 
said in this address : 

He was a brave, bold, patriotic citizen, fearless of danger. Whatever he believed 
to be right he dared to do ; he had an uncompromising love of liberty and a supreme 
contempt for those who were lukewarm in the cause of freedom. The part he took in 
the bold acts which brought on the Revolution, and his devotion, selt-sacrirtce and 
heroic bravery, till independence crowned tlie eft'orts of the Sons of Liberty, are in- 
contestable evidences of his bravery, patriotism and love of freedom. The Fourth of 
July is a fitting occasion to dedicate a monument to his luemory, which will indicate 
to coming generations where sleeps the dust ot one of the brave men who established 
our liberties. Thanks be given for the exertions of his surviving daughter ( Mrs. Sarah 
R. Parmenter), who caused this monument to be erected over the grave of her patri- 
otic tathcr. Alethinks the immortal spirits of the heroes of the Revolution are now 
bending over the battlements of Heaven and looking down upon us with benignant 
smiles of approval, while we are dedicating this monument to the inemory of one of 
their associates in the triumphant struggle for freedom and independence. 

Capt. .Slater's first wife Zilpah died July '\^. 1818, aged 53 yrs. He 
m. (2) June l"), 18',i0, Mary (Brigham) Bigelow of Charlton. Children 
by 1st wife, b. here: 1. James, b. Apr. -i-i^. 178.5; d. Sept. 30, 1796. 2. 
Peter Jr., b. Oct. 5, 1786; d. Mar. -ti. 1843; m. Nancy Holmes of New 
Braintrce ; had four children born here. 3. Samuel, b. May 20, 1788: d. 
Aug. 26, 1860; res. at W. Philadelphia: m. Margaret Houpt, widow. 
4. Andrew, b. Mar. 4, 1790; capt. of the Worcester Artillerv Co.; d. May 
6, 1825 ; m. Persis Bixbv. 5. John, b, Mav 24. 1792 ; d. Sep't. 10. 1796. 6. 
Luther, b. Sept. 22, 1793; d. Aug. 21. 1796. 7. Sarah Rainsford. b. Feb. 
11, 1795; d. Apr. 30. 1872; m. Oct. 9, IMC, Roswell Parmenter of Peter- 
sham and had seven children (See j). 31. Wall's "Boston Tea Party"); 
(her daughter Harriet Emeline, b. Nov. 19, 1832, m. May 2. J852, Hiram 
E. Fav. (See biograjihv of their son Frank S. Fav). 8. W'illiam. b. Aug. 
29, 1797 ; d. Jan. 9. 1827". 9. Elizabeth, b. Apr. 24, 1799 ; d. Inly 8. 1881 ; 
m. W. 11. lioward (See biography). 10. Eunice, b. July 20.' 1800 ; d. 
Apr. 30. 181;!. 11. Rev. Leonard, b. Nov. 10, 1802; missionary among 
the Indians in the west, 1826 to 1866; d. Apr. 27, 1866, at Kalamazoo, 
Mich. 12. Maria Louisa, b. Jan. 16, 1805; d. Mar. 9, is:is: m. Capt. John 
Whittemore, son of Clark and Polly (Moore) Whittemore of this town, 
and had five children. 13. Israel, b. July 21, 1806. d. July 26, 1806. 14. 
Benjamin, b. July 1, 1810, d. Mar. 29, 1864; lived in St. Louis, Mo., mar- 
ried three times; left a son Benjamin, the only survviing child. B\- 2d 
wife Peter Slater had: 15. Seth Sullivan, b. Oct. 4. 1821; reni. to 
Oregon and d. there, leaving a family. 

Smith. — John' Smith Sr., b. in Eng., settled in Watertown liefore 
l(i3(); admitted freeman Dec. 7. 1(!36 ; wife Isabel was buried there Oct. 



AND ITS PEOPLli 229 

1".'. lii.'il). lie (ir Ill's Soil |(jhn st-ttlcil in Sudliiirv and m. Sarah Hunt. 

Smith. TlKimas- ijohn Sr.' ), canu- in l(i:i."> from Kntr. and M-ttlcil in 
W'att'rttiwn ; d. Mar. ID. IC,:)-,'-.!, aycil '.ri yrs. I U- ni. A]ar_\ Kna|i|). dan. 
of Williani Sr. Mis wdl was dated .Mar. Hi, ics^-.s. 

Smith, Jonathan' (Thos.-, John'), h. l<i")!l, at Wat.; in. Mar. Ui, 
]68-^-3, Jane Peabody, and d. \~-ii. Children : Jonathan, h. .May 4, 1684 ; 
Zechariah : lihzatjeth : Klisha, h. Jan. 11. liiiil-'.'; Jonas; l)in,ih; Ahi- 
_t;ail. m. Daniel .Simonds; Nathaniel, h. .Xov. l."i. KOI. 

Smith. Klisha-" (Jona.', Thos.-'. J(.hn'i, h. at Wat. Jan. 11. Ki'.il--.', 
lived in Weston and \\ drcester and was an e.xtensive hand (jwner; ni. 
(1) Mar. ".'.■), ni;!, I'atii'iiee lirown. d.an. C'apt. .Abraham, and ( '.' ) .\bi- 

gail ; ( M ) m. at C'cjiicord (record at Wor.) .\\\g. \'i. 1141. Sarah 

Alelvin. Her will. Jnly -(I, '(id. \\r. Ian. '.'i;. 'ilK, bei|. to bihn. .-Xliraham, 
Josiah and Nathan MeKin and Sarah i'.arnes. I lis will. |nl\ ".".i, nti."i, 
bet], to wife .Sarah and l» children and 4 grand-children. ( hildren. b. 
at Weston: Jonathan, b. Jan. i^.^, 1714; Patience, b. l-'eb. -iW, 17 Kj-';, m. 
Abraham .Sanderson of Lnnenburg; Elisha. 1). liiiie 4. 17 1!t; Abraham, 
of Lnnenburg, ba]it. Ma_\- V'd, \~,.yi\ Prudence, ba|it,. ( )ct. vJS, lT:i:i; Abra- 
ham, bapt. Alay ;», W'M; Robert, of Worcester, bapt. July '.1. 17:iT ; I'hin- 
eas, liapt. Dec. IT, 17;i8 : Eunice, m. Isaac (^jleason ; Isaac; bisliua; Reii- 
Iien ; Simon of Holden. 

Smith, Elisha" (Elisha*, Jona', 4'lios.-, John'), b. at Weston, June 
4, 171!); settled here near North Pt^nd. He h(dd \'arious offices here. 
Wall says he m. Susanna Gleason, dau. of Thomas. Children, b. here: 
Mary, b' C)ct. 11, 1741; Eidiraini, b. .Mar. ■.'.""., 174v'-:i; Elisha, b. Jan. or 
July (i, 1744-."), (Soldier in the Rev.) ; Elizabeth, b. |an. (>, 1744-,"); Jona- 
than, li. Oct. 11, 174(;: Sarah, b. Nov. 7, 1748; Susannah, b. Mar. "^l, 
17oO-l; Lucy, b. Dec. ■>:>. 17-"".l; Lucy, b. Nov. l.'>, K.".-.'; Prudence, b. 
Mar. oO, '.Vi ; Phineas, 1). Jan. 7, 17."i"), rem. to Heath; Lois, b. Nov. 'i\, 
17:)(i: Hannah, b. ALay '.'I." 17")8: .\ar(in, b. Apr. li, I7ii(i: Moses, b. -\ug. 
II), 17(1-2; Persis, b. Sejit. ."1, 17(l(i. 

Smith, Capt. Elisha'' (Elisha'', Elisha', lona.', ddios.-, John'), b. here 
July (i, 1744. He was a sea captain. Widow Persis, admx., Dec. 2, 
180.J. He held various offices; he 111. Jan. IM. 17 74, Persis (diilds. who d. 
here Dec. 28, 184<>, aged '.)1 v., dau. of [ohn. (children, b. here: Daniel, 
b. Sept. 21, 17 74, d. 18:)(i; Elisha, b. Nov. 2!», 17;i;; Kuhamah. b Mar. 
1, 177!t; Laommi, bapt. ALar. 14, 177!); Persis, b. ,\ug. C. Dsl: I<,hn, 
bapt. -Aug. IC, 1784; John Childs, b. May 20, 1784, d.'l811, num.; I'.e- 
noni, b. Dec. 28, 178<J. 

Smith, Aliraham"' ( Elisha^ Jona.', 1"hos.-, John' ), bapt. at Wat. Alay 
!t, 17:^(i; had here by wife Lucy: Mollv, h. Nov. 20, 17(iG; .Abraham, 
b. Oct. 27, 17(18; Allen, b. Apr. (f, 1770; Isaac and Jacob, b. Feb. 12. 1772; 
Rufus Chandler, li. Ma}' 15, 1774. 

Smith, Ephraim'' (Elisha*, Jona.', Thos.-, John'), b. Mar. 2."), 174:i, 
had here a son Ephraim, b. .Sept. 22, 17 71. 

Smith, John-' (Elisha*, Jona.^ Thos.-, John'), b. here May 24, 172!l; 
m. (2) June 24, 17(i7, Sarah Doolittle. Had here bv 1st wife: Marv, 
bapt. Oct. 2:J, 176;j; James, bapt. Feb. i>, r7(i(i. liv wife Sarah, b. here: 
John, b. June 18, i:(i!l; John, b. Dec. 21, 1770; F'olly, b. Aug. 4, 177:!; 
Sally, b. July 28, 1775: James and William, b. June 15, 1777; Retsev, b. 
June 15, 1779; Hannah, "b. Dec. (i, 178(1; Samuel, b. Sept. 28, 1782. 

Smith. Roliert', brother of ])receding John'', li. |an. 8, 17.'iO-l, died 



230 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

here July -t, 1807, (g. s.)- He lived on Ararat St.: was selectman 1778-9. 
His first wife Sarah, d. here Feb. 21. 1766, aged 33 yrs. He m. {'i) Eliza- 
beth Goodale. Children, b. here by 1st wife: Abigail, b. July 27, 17.52; 
John, bapt. Mar. .'51, 1754 (served in the Rev.) ; Lydia, b. May 14, 1754; 
Elizabeth, bapt. Feb. 1, r75(! ; Martha, bapt. Apr'il 11, 1756;' David, b. 
April 27, 1758; Hannah, m. Josiah Flagg (saj-s Wall); William, bapt. 
July 30, 1758; Amos, b. Feb. 10, 1760; Betty: Lydia, b. Jan. 30, 1764, m. 
Daniel Ball; Sarah, bapt. Feb. 8, 1766, m. Samuel Bixby. By 2d wife: 
Jesse, bapt. June 26, 1768; Ruth, b. Oct. 8, 1768, m. .^aron' Parker of 
Holden ; Robert, bapt. Dec. 11, 1763, (but mother's name given as Eliz- 
abeth); Abigail, m. Benj. Rice of Barre (Wall): Esther, b. Mar. 2, 
1771, m. Jonathan Gleason Jr. 

.Smith, Jacob' (ancestry not traced), b. about 1715, had by wife Ke- 
ziah in Won: Ruth, b. Sept. 16, 1739; Jacob, b. Mar. 17, 1741, (soldier 
in the Rev.) ; Joel. b. Aug. 19, 1743; Keziah, b. Nov. 10, 1745; Jonathan 
Warren, b. Feb. 26, 1748; Solomon, b. Mar. 18, 1749; Joseph, b. June 
2, 1752; Ithainar, b. Sept. 6, 1754; Levi, and Simeon, b. i\Iar. 28, 1757, 
(soldier in the Rev.) ; Jacob, b. Nov. 9, 1760. 

Smith, Joel- (Jacob'), b. here Aug. 19, 1743; d. here Jan. 5, 1777. He 
served in the Rev. Children by wife Deborah, b. here: Delight, b. Mav 
29. 1773; Roalany, b. Feb. 23", 1775. 

-Smith, Solomon- (Jacob'), b. here ALar. IS, 1749 (served in the 
Rev.) ; rem. to New Salem in 1784. Children, b. here; Betsey, b. Apr. 

26, 1771; Marv, bapt. Aug. 11, 1771; MoUv, b. Feb. 8, 1773; Ruth, b. 
Mar. 15. 1775; Joel, b. Nov. 30, 1778; Solomon, b. Sept. 3, 1780; John, 
b. Feb. 17, 1782; Levi and Simeon, b. July 25, 1784. Solomon died intes- 
tate and widow Lydia was appointed admx., July 15, 1796. 

Smith, Ithamar- (Jacob'), b. here Sept. 6, 1754, (served in the Rev.) ; 
had here by wife Sarah who d. Oct. 5. 1836, aged 76 v., children: Pris- 
cilla-, b. Sept. 25, 1781 ; Sabra, b. Oct. 1, 1787; Sardiu's, h. Nov. 7, 1789. 
y^ Smith, John, (ancestry not traced), was a merchant in Boston. He 
sold 180 acres here to Col. Samuel Browne of Salem (mortgage) ; sold 
land to George Shore, Dec. 22, 1729; to Col. Nathaniel Bvfield, Dec. 29, 
1729, and to Jonathan Fisk of Sudbury. Oct. 27, 1730. In this deed he 
was called of Boston. 

.Smith, John (ancestry not traced), was here in 1729, according to 
the birth records, and probably was not John the merchant. He was 
prol^ably a Scotch-Irish settler. He m. here, Apr. 23, 1728, Rebecca 
Bettys (Mdlx. rec). Children, b. here by wife Rebecca: John, b. May 
24, 1729; Robert, b. Jan. 8, 1730-1; Joseph, b. Nov. 22, 1732; Martha, b. 
Oct. 27, 1734 ; Samuel, b. Jan. 31, 1736-7 ; Mary, b. Feb. 15, 1738-9. 

Smith, Joseph^, son of John' and Rebecca, b. Nov. 22, 1732, in 
Wor. Children, b. here: Sarah and Hannah, bapt. May 22, 1763; Jo- 
seph, bapt. March 10, 1765; Mary, b. July 26, 1767. 

Smith, Samuel-, bro." of ]jreceding Joseph'-, b. Jan. 31, 1736-7. By 
wife Margaret had here: Marv, b. Apr. 10, 1763: John, b. June 7. 
1765; William, bapt. Nov. 1, !'<>': Margaret, I). Oct. 15. 1768; Rebecca, 
b. Mar. 9, 1770. 

Smith, Francis, (ancestry not traced), tl. here .April 17, 1756, aged 
36 yrs. (g. s.), intestate, and his widow Elizabeth was appointed admx.. 
May 12, 1756. Children, b. here bv wife Elizabeth: Jane. b. Sept. 2. 
1746; John. b. Sept. 20. 1747; Francis, b. Oct. 12. 1749; Sarah, b. Nov. 

27. 1751. The son Francis Jr. had guardian appointed — James McFar- 
land. Sept. 23. 1765. 



A\'I) ITS PEOPLli 231 

Smith, John Jr.. (not son of John mentioned above) : m. Dec. 1"^. 
K."i4^. Eiizalu'th Dickey of Rutland. Children, li. here, by wife Eliza- 
beth (not Dickev): I':iizabeth. b. |;in. f,. i:4<i-l; lean, bapt. .\ug. Ki, 

.Smith. .Moses. (;mc(.-stry not traced). lly wife Elizabeth he had 
Mary. b. .M;iy .">. i;:i(;. .\ Moses .Smith d. here. l"eb. '..'«. 1840. ai^ed S.") yrs. 

(See Wall's North Worcester fur further land records). 

Spence. — John .Spcnce d. here aged 10") years. He was probably the 
Soldier in the Revolulioii, the only one of the n.ame. jirisoner in 1 ; ^ " . sea- 
man in i;;s. .\(ine of the n;ime w eic here in K'.H). Margaret .Spence 
m. here J;in. ■.', i;;i. .\salud Warren: .Mary. m. .\ug. 14, ITlJO. .Samuel 
Johnson. .\ family nf this name settled in Maryland. 

Sprague. — William' .Sprague. son of Edward', first of the family 
in X. E., came from Eng. in l(i"4!( with brothers Ralph and Rich.ird ; lived 
at Charlestown and Hingham; m. Millicent luimes, who d. Vnh. S, 
1(575-6. He d. Oct. "^(i, Ki?."); was selectman and constalile of Hing- 
ham. The .S])ragues of Leicester are descenfled from one of the broth- 
ers : Cien. .\. 1). R. S])rague of this cit\' was descended from William 

.Sprague. .\nthony- (William'), bapt. June ■.'■!, KKKJ; m. Dec. 2(), 
Kitll. Elizabeth Bartlett. daughter of R(jbert and .Mary (Warren) Bart- 
lett and descendant of Richard W.arren. wlin came in the Mayflower. 
She died at Hingham Feb. IT. r;i-.J-:i; he d. there Sept. :;, KK. He 
was selectman of Hingham. 

Sprague, Josiah'' (.\nth(jny-, William'), b. ;it Hingham, Apr. 't?-i. 
1680; m. Mav 17. ITO"). Elizabeth Wilder, dan. of [ohn and I-tebecca 
(Daggett) W'i'lder. b. .\pr. 1'^. KiT!), d. Oct. -^l, n.'i."".. He d. Mar. •^;!. ITtiO. 

Sprague, lienjamin^ (Josiah-', Anthony-, William'), b. at Hingham 
Nov. 22, 1:07 : m. Dec. bs, ir;ir), Deborah' Corthell, dan. of Robert and 
Deborah (Tower) Corthell. b. in Hing. .Aug. 24. 17 11. d. .\]ir. 12. 17(i,S. 
He d. Sept. :fo. 17s;i. 

Sprague, Joseph^ (Josiah', .\nthony-', William'), b. at Hing. Oct. 21, 
173!); m. Mary Loring, b. Jidy I, I74."). dau. of Caleb and Rebecca (Lob- 
dell) Loring. He was a cordwainer. In 1772 he sold his land at Hing. 
to John Lincoln, and settled in Wor. ; died at F^etersham in bS2S. He 
bought land here of W'illiam Young at Tatnuck, Jan. 29, 177.'!. He left 
this town after 17S(). Children, b. at Hing.; Deborah, b. Dec. IM, 
17<il: Caleb, b. May 29, 17(54 ; Joshua, b. Sept. 2. 17(17: Loring, ba])t. 
June 2, 177L Korn here: Timothv. bapt. No\-. 2'.l, 1778: Celia. l)a])t. 
May 7, 17<S(). 

Spring. — John Spring, b. in Eng., came with wife Elinor to Water- 
town liefore l().'5(>-7, and all the colonial families of the naiue are descended 
from them. 

Spring. Lieut. John- (John'), b. in Eng.. l(!-'!(). d. Ma}- IS. 17K. aged 
87 y. : m. Dec. lit. rn.'iii. Hannah Harsham. who d. .May 18, 17 10. He lived 
at Waterto\sn and Newton: was an actixe and useful citizen: select- 
man 20 yrs., between his:! and 1710; deputy i;ol-0(;-07. 

Sjjring. John'- (John-, John'), b. |t;;s. d. May ."1. i;."i4. at Newton; 
his wife Joanna d. Oct. 5, 174;i. 

-Sjiring, Nathaniel* (John\ John-, John'), b. at Watertown. .\ug. 2(i, 
171.3; m. ^^artha Williams, dau. of Isaac and Martha, b. Mar. 18, 1714, 
(See Williams Gen. p. \'u). He settled in Worcester and h,-id here by 
wife Martha: Ephraim, I). Sept. 24, 1742; Martha, bapt. .Aug. .'lo. 1747'"; 
Samuel, d. Aug. 20, 1747. The family moved away soon afterward. 

iohn Spring served in the Rev. from Wor. 



-'3-' HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Sproul. — This Sproul, Sprull or Sprul family was doubtless Scotch- 
Irish. The onh- record found is that of Miriam m. Raljjh A\'ilson, Sept. 
27, 1T31. He was of this town; she of Sudbury. In Wor. his name 
is given as Wilton. 

Stanton. — Captain John' Stanton, b. i:;i(>, d. June 15, 180'^. aged 72 
years. He lived in Charlestown. He m. there (1 ), May 23, 1751, Joanna 
Ball, who d. there Sept. 22, 1791. He m. (2) Nov. 19, 1793, Mary 
Edes. who d. Jan. 'ii. 1818. His will was dated Sept. 9, 1796. and he beq. 
to .Sarah and John Stanton of Worcester. (See p. 896 Wyman's Charles- 
town. Not in Stanton Gen.). Children, 1). at Charlestown: Lydia, 
b. .\\n'\\ 12, 1754, m. Xathaniel Fellows; John, b. Tune 7, 1755; Robert, 
b. May 1. 1763. d. 17G4. 

-Stanton, Capt. John- (Capt. John'-), was b. at Charlestown, June 
7, 1755, settled in this town and lived where the Wor. Co. Inst, for 
.Savings building stands; kept a store and had a pottery on Front street. 
He had a reputation for "much shrewdness and capacity for business." 
He commanded the Wor. Artillery Co. in 1789. "In personal appearance 
he was short, thick-set. muscular, with a full open countenance and easy 
and familiar address." He was afflicted with gout, and Dr. Chandler 
writes that he died from an overdose of laudanum taken for relief from 
his ])ains. 

He m. Sarah Chandler (See family sketch). She was "one of the 
best-hearted women that ever lived — a very Mother Bountiful." She 
d. at Boston in 1819. The Spy said of her: "The law of kindness dwelt 
in her heart, the exercise of offices of benevolence and charity was 
through life her delight, etc." His will was dated Apr. 2, 1794, proved 
Dec. 6. 1796. beq. to wife Sarah and children — Francis. John. Sally and 
Mary. Children, b. here : John, b. Dec. 7, 1781, d. y. ; Benjamin Church, 
d. aged 6 yrs. ; Francis, b. Jan. 13, 1785. a ])rominent Boston merchant; 
Sally, b. Oct. 19, 178(i, m. Lieut. Joshua H. Blake of Boston; John, b. 
July is. n,s8; Mary, bapt. May 7, 1797. 

Stearns. — Isaac' Stearns, b. in Nayland, Co. .Suffolk; came in the 
ship .Arabella in 16;i(l; settled in Watertown ; was selectman; on the 
committee to build the first bridge over the Charles River; d. June 28, 
1671. He m. Mary Barker, who d. Apr. 2. 1677, dau. of John and Mar- 
garet of Stoke-Nayland. (See Stearns Gen.). 

Stearns, Corp. Samuel- (Isaac'), b. at Watertown. Ayir. 24, 1638; d. 
Aug. 3, 1683; m. Feb. 1. 1662-3, Hannah Manning, dau. of William and 
Dorothy of Cambridge. 

Stearns. Nathaniel' (Saml.-. Isaac'), b. at Wat. Dec. 13. 1668; d. 
Aug. 24. 1716. He received the homestead of his grandfather, Isaac 
Stearns. He m. (1) Elizabeth Dix; (2) Oct. 29, 1713, Sarah Nevinson, 
b. July '22, 1672. He was selectman of Wat. 

Stearns, Elienr."* (Nathaniel'', Samuel", Isaac'), b. Apr. 2, 1706; set- 
tled here; m. Apr. 12. 1737. Mary Spring, b. Nov. 20, 1709, dau. of John 
and Joanna of Newton. He was killed here Sept., 1777, by a fall from 
his horse. In 1735 he was a grantee of Paris. Me. Children, b. here: 
Mary. b. July 24. 1738, m. June 13, 1757, Joseph Hastings; Ephraim, b. 
Jan. 10, 1740, colonel in the Revolution, lived at Petersham, m. Prudence 
Wilder; Ebenezer. b. Oct. 3, 1741 ; Nathaniel, b. Oct. 26, 1743; Simeon, 
b. June 10. 1745. settled in \\'arwick, m. Elizabeth Clark; Joanna, b. 
Apr. 7, 1747, m. Nov. 7, 17 64. William. Gates ; Betsey, b. May 7, 1750, d. 
Apr. 13. 1777. m. Oct. 13. u:2. Samuel Duncan; Lucretia. b. July 7, 
1752. m. Oct. 12, 17.S(), Josejih Ball; William, b, .\ug. 5. 1754. 



AMP ITS PEOPLE _>33 

Stearns. El)enezer'' ( El)enezcr'. Nathanifl'. Samuel-, Isaac'), b. at 
Worcester Oct. :!, 1741: in. .Apr. <1, KCit, Martha llolhrook. 1). M.ay ."io, 
\'A'.\, in .Slierlicirn; renidvcil u> Warwick alxiut \\\^'<. and he d. there 
-Aug. 4, is-i.s. thildren, 1>. here: lnhn, lia])t. Mav (i. Kid: lames, b. 
Jan. S, i:;(i: (.lark, h. < )ct. W. \\:'\. d. July -,'4, i:';:i: .Martha", h. Sept. 
S, i;";i, d, .May 1'), ISCv', ni. X.athan i.ennard uf W'.arwick : l-^leanor, b. 
|ul\- r.l, K^"), b.apt. here .Aug. 'i^ . Ilcirn ,it Warwick: Ebene/.er, 1). .Aug. 
i;, i:::; Clark, b. Dec. -.'1, K:'.): Sar;di. b. Jan. l'.', Ks--.', m. Feb. Vi, 
lS(i;;, Josiah Proctor. 

Stearns. .Xathaniel"' ( Ebenezer^ Nathaniel', Samuel". Isaac'), b. Oct. 
■ii\. 1:4:!. d. Feb. K, ISII): mason; ni. (1) Oct. V->,. KfJlS. Mary Rice of 
this town: she d. Sept. 1'. K ^v' : he m. ( v! ) Mary Richards of Roxbury ; 
and (:i) Feb. -'"). K7S, Elizabeth Stratton of Xorthheld. who d. Alar. 23, 
]S4(). Children: Alolly. b. here Feb. l"^. KCD. m. John Hall of War- 
wick. .At Warwick: Eunice, li. Dec. >>:. k;(), d. ( )ct. :!f). 1S.")4. at War.; 
Nathaniel. r;ui awav and never returned: Calvin, b. Nov. .'). K^S; John, 
b. Aug. 20, KSO; 'Taniar, b. Feb. K, i:s;). d. .Ajir. 12. ISdi: Sa'muel 
.S])ring. b. Jan. 2(i. lT8(i. 

Stearns. Ca]»t. William'' ( Ei)enezer\ Nathaniel'. Samuel-, Isaac'), b. 
Aug. •"). K.''i4: captain in the Revolution. He served on the Lexington 
alarm ; took part in the Battle of White Plains. He was sheritT of the 
county. He m. Sept. 1(!. 17 7-'), Joanna Duncan, b. Feb. S. 17.")7, d. .Aug. 
Ki. I.s;i4. in Jamestown. N. \'. He d. I-'eb. 14, 1S:14, in Jamestown. Chil- 
dren, b. here: Franklin, b. .Apr. !l. 17 7(1. d. lS4i», s. p.": I^etty. b. Dec S, 
1777: 1). elsewhere: Joanna, b. Feb. <i. 17sl. m. Joel Gates; William, b. 
.Ai)r. 12, 178;i; Lydia, b. Dec. 14. 17S4, m. yosejih Garfield; Jonah D., 
b. Sept. 20, 178(); Simeon, b. June 28. 17SS; child 1). and d. Mar." l!l. 1790; 
Ebenezer. b. Mar. II!. 171)1; Dolly, I1. July 17, GIC!, m. Dudley Beebe, 
res. Kankakee, 111.; Eleanor, b. .Apr. '<, Gl)-"i. ni. Lyman looms and 
res. at Bennington. \*t. : Amory, ]>. .Apr. H. 17!»7 ; .Mary. b. Dec. 12. 171)8, 
m. Ebenezer N. Harris: Jose].ih H.. b. July 2S, 1.N02: Mary .Ann. m. 
George Chase. 

Stearns, Charles', immigrant, b. in FIng., settled in Watertown : was 
a kinsman of Isaac, not a brother. His first wife Hannah d. June 30, 
16.51 ; he m. (2) June 22, lt!.")4, Reliecca (."libson. dau. of John ;md Rebecca 
of Cambridge. 

Stearns, John- (CharlesM. b. Jan. 24, Hi.".: ; m. ( 1 ) 1(181. Judith Law- 
rence, dau. of George and Elizabeth (Crisp) Lawrence; m. (2) Apr. 3, 
1713, Mary Norcross, b. July 10. Idi;:!. dau. of Richard and Mary 
(Brooks). He was in Lexington in 1700. 

Stearns. Benjamin'' (John-. Charles'), b. Kiss at Wat.; m. Sept. G, 
1721, Hepzibah (Hastings) Shattuck, widow of Nathaniel Shattuck. He 
was of Lexington when he mortgaged land here. .Apr. 1. I72;i. to Wil- 
liam Blair of Boston, mariner, and the document was witnessed by John 
Hancock and |ohn Hancock Jr. Children: He])zibah, bapt. Sept. 1, 
1723. d. 1723; "Benjamin, b. 17 23. d. 17 24: Hei.zibah. b. Alar. 7. 1725. m. 
Josiah Smith of Weston; Lucy, b. Jan. 24, 1727. m. James Smith of 
W'eston ; Benjamin, b. Dec. 27. 172S. 

Stearns. Cajit. John'* (John-. Charles'). 1). It;:t2, bapt. Alay 11, 1701; 
m. -Aug. 10, 1715, Deliverance Bigelow, b. Sept. 22, l(i95, dau. of Samuel 
and Mary (Flagg) Bigelow of Watertown. He moved to Worcester 
and was one of the founders. He was of Watertown May 20, 1717, when 
he bought land here of Ephraim Curtis. He was here, Jan. 12, 1718-!), 
wdien he sold land here to .Andrew Ferrand. He bought land here, Nov. 



2-34 HISTORY OF If ORC ESTER 

27, 1723, of Jonathan Marble: of Henrv Lee, Tan. 3, 1723-4; of Nathaniel 
Jones, Jan. 7, 1723-4, and Jan. 23, 1723-4; sold land here, Dec. 11, 1724, 
to Robert Peebles: to Daniel Heywood. Mar. 5, 1725; bought of Joseph 
Crosby, Jan. 6, 1725-6. land in the southern part of the town. His wife 
Deliverance also signed deed of land to Thomas Stearns. Apr. 3. 1725. 
He sold land to Andrew Ferrand. Jan. 12. 1727-8. and to John Stinson. 
Jan. !*. 1729. He was a blacksmith. He was captain of a comjiany of 
rangers raised to defend the town from Indians in the French War. Chil- 
dren : John, bapt. in Wat. Mar. 31. 1717. and^by wife Mehitable had 
Patience bapt. here July 3, 1748; Jothani. bapt. June 22, 1718; Samuel, 
b. 1720; Isaac, b. 1728,' m. Nov. 7." i:51, at Wor. Catherine Crosby, and 
had a dau. Catherine b. here Aug. !». 175'^. 

Stearns, Thomas" (John-, Charles'), b. I<i94, bapt. May 11. 1701, m. 

Sarah ; I 2) Dec. 29, 1729. Mary Jennison, b. Aug. 21. 1708, dau. 

of William and Elizabeth, of Worcester. He was executor of his fath- 
er-in-law's will. His widow d. July 19. 1784. He ran the Kings Arms 
Hotel, and his widow afterward, until K^4. when the estate was bought 
by William Sever. 

He was a housewright. living here. March 28. 1728. when he sold 
land to Richard Temple. He was here as early as 1725, however. He 
was here. Nov. 3, 172<). when he sold land to Robert Lothrig. He sold 
land here. May 5. 1727, to George Monroe of Lexington and March 27, 
1728, to Richard Temple of Shrewsbury. Children, b. here: Sarah, b. 
Nov. 3, 1725, m. Owen Warland and had 20 children: Lucy. b. Oct. ti, 
1727, m. Elisha Hubbard of Hatfield; Elizabeth, b. Dec. 7. 1 7'3(). m. Dun- 
can Campbell of Oxford; Mary. b. Oct. 22, 1732, m. Raymond: 

Lydia, b. Jan. 7. 1735, m. Alexander Campbell of Oxford ; Abigail, b. May 
11. 1737. d. April 11, 1746; Samuel, b. Ian. 26. 1740; William Jennison. 
b. 1741; Martha, b. Sept. 8. 1742. she'd, here Aug. 10. 1817. m. Capt. 
Simon Stevens: Dr. Thomas, b. Mar. 17. 1745; Abigail, b. Oct. 21. 1747. 
m. Nathaniel Fullerton : Eunice, bapt. May 20. 1750. m. Thomas Fol- 
lansbee. 

Stearns. Jotham* (J^h"''- John-, CharlesM. bapt. June 22, 1718, at 
Wat.; m. 1741 Mary Flagg. dau. of Bartholomew. He d. 1749. Chil- 
dren, b. here: Hartholomew. b. Aug. 4. 1742; lotham. b. June 22. 1747; 
Charles, b. Jan. 4. 1749. 

Stearns, Charles'' (Jotham^ John', John-. Charles'), b. Jan. 4. 1749; 
m. (1) Oct. 4. 17 74. Sarah Towne. m. (2) Dec. 8, 1791, Ruth Woodbury 
of Wor. Children, b. here: Ste])hen, b. Apr. 15, 1775; Charles, b. 
Nov. 24, 1777. 

Stearns. William* ( fohn \ John-, Charles'), b. 1732: d. Oct. 30. 

1783. He m. Mary '—. in 1753; (2) 17G6. Mary Willard of Grafton. 

Children: William, b. Aug. 5, 1754; Sarah, bapt.'Oct. 9, 1768: Josiah, 
•bapt. Dec. 7, 1770; Bezaleel, bapt. June 26, 1772; William, bapt. Oct. 
9, 1774; Reuben, bapt. Dec. 8, 17:6; Anna. b. Mav 9. 1779; Lucretia, 
b. Nov. 7, 1782 ; Lucy. b. Apr. 4. 1784. 

Stearns, Increase* (John\ John-, Charles'), b. 17;i8: was a soldier 
from this town in Capt. Flagg's Co.. 1756; served in the Revolution two 
years and three months and was wounded. His son Increase Jr., served 
out his term of enlistment. He m. Jan. S. 1760, Deborah Hale of Wor.; 
lived in Holden ; was here 1762-6. Children: David, b. 1761 ; Increase, 
b. July 1, 1762. bapt. here July 4. 1762: Alexander; Deborah, bapt. here, 
Jan. 13. K(i5: Lucy. m. James Potter: Samuel; James; Amos, settled 
in Canada. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



Stearns. Daniel^ (John-. John-. Chaiit-s"). was a farmer here; taken 
prisoner at Ft. Edward \',M. It is said that he had a large family and 
moved west. He m. (int. .Mar. 1.">. Itsi ). Mary Wheelock of Sutton. He 
had here: Jasper, hapt. Dec. 14. K.s:!, and Daniel, hapt. \\)T. 16, 178(5. 

Stearns. \\"illiani Jennison^ ( Thomas ■. John-'. Charles'), h. K-H : 
m. July 11, K()T, Sarah .Adams and settled here: d. here in ISi:). Chil- 
dren 1). here: Eunice, b. .\])ril 1".'. ITlo, ni. .Apr. l-'i. IT'.'."), Daniel l-Vnuo 
and (1. lS(i:i; Thomas, b. (Jct. 'i'lK ITTT. 

Stevens. — Thomas' Stevens, b. in Eng., son of Thomas, came from 
London in KJ;!."), aged VI yrs. ; lived in Charlestown, Stow and Sudbury. 

Stevens, Capt. Jacob- (Thomas'), b. at Sudburv. Mar. 1. 1674: d. 
Mar. 10. i:.')4, in 82d yr. Me was of Stow, Jan. 17, \','-Vl. when he deeded 
land to son Cyprian at Rutland. 

Stevens. Lt. Cyprian' (Jacob-. Thus.'), settled early in Rutland: 
rem. to Holden about 17:5'.t, and d. there in 17."i4. His widow Damaris d. 
here Sept. -^S. 1787, in 7!tth year. 

Stevens, Cyprian^ (Cyprian', Jacob-, Thos.'), b. Aug. 18, 1747; 
served in the Rev. : had bv wife Sarah at W'or. : Tvler, b. .Aug. 30, 
i:6:i: Phineas, bapt. r)ct. I.-J'. 1771 : Asa, bapt. Mav S, 17:4 : David, bapt. 
Jan. \-i. 178;i. 

-Stevens, Jacob, related to the family given above, had l)y wife 
Martha a son Jacob, bapt. here, Oct. 17, lT7:i. Jacob and Israel Ste- 
vens of this town bought land here Mar. K. K7;5, of Gershom Rice. 

.Stevens. Capt. .Simon, related to the above, had a S(.)n Thomas 
Starne Stephens (sic) d. here June 1. 1770. aged 7 y.. 10 m. ( g. s.). His 
wife d. .Aug. 10. 1817. aged 79 yrs. ( g. s.). 

Stinson. — John' Stinson, Scotch-Irish, a mariner of Boston, bought 
of .Andrew P^errand land here, Nov. 11, 17".i8, and more land of J(jhn 
Stearns, Jan. !». 17<;i». He settled in Ward: sold his farm there to Jona- 
than Osland of this town, :!4'2 acres that he bought of McFarland; deed 
dated June 4, 1741. He moved westward soon afterward ; was a founder 
of I'elham. No further record here : the surname Stinson is identical 
■with .Stevenson and Stimson. 

Stone. — Simon' Stone, b, at tireat Bromley, Co. Essex, Eng., bapt. 
there Feb. !), l.")8(i-7, son ui David and Ursula and grandson of Simon and 
Agnes: m. .Aug. '}. liilii, Joan Clark, dau. of William: rem. to Bo.xted 
and thence, in l(i;5."j came to Watertown : deacon there: selectman, 
1637-5() : m. (5) Sarah Lumpkin, widcnv of Richard of Ipswich. He d. 
Sept. -i-l. l(!(i.). 

.Stone, Simon- (Simon'), b. l(i;3l : m. Mary Whipple, dau. of Elder 
John of Ipswich. Simon was deacon of Watertown church : town clerk: 
selectman: deputy; proprietor of Groton : d. Feb. '.^7, 1708. 

Stone, Jonathan-' (.Simon-, Simon'), b. Dec. 2<i, 1()77, at Watertown 
and lived there on the homestead : selectman: ensigii : m. No\-. 1."). KjHH, 

Ruth Eddy, who d. Oct. 7, i:o2; m. Ci) Mary who d. June ■?4, 

17-20. He'm. (3) Nov. l."), 1750, Hepsibah Co'olidge, dau. of Nathaniel 
and Mary (Bright). She d. 1763; he d. Jan. 7. 17.")4. 

.Stone. Jonathan^ (Jonathan-'. Simon-. Simon'), b. Kl)'.'; m. Feb. 25, 
1724-">, Hannah Jennison. dau. of Samuel and Mary (.Stearns) (.See len- 
nison). He d. Oct. -27, IT-^.i, and she in. Ci) Sept. 4. 17-2!», John Goddard 
of Brookline. 

.Stone, Jonathan'^ (Jonathan^ Jona.-, Simon-, Simon'), b. Nov. 17, 
172.") : m. Alay 31, 1747, Rutii Livermore. He bought land here of Gama- 
liel Wallis of Boston near the Leicester line and about 120 acres in 



J36 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Leicester, Jul\' 10, K5<;. In ]]'>4 he was of Leicester. In 175T he and 
two others petitioned to have their lands set off to Worcester, and in 
1T5S the change was ordered. He was an active citizen of this town. 
He was selectman in l?60-(57-(3b-7'.i-75-76-TT ; committee of corresjjon- 
dence 1774-.J; member of the American Political Party; member of the 
school committee many years and on other important town committees. 
His wife died in 17(j4 and he m. ('i) Oct. 29, 1765, Mary Harrington 
(name given as Gates in the Stone family record, p. 13o \'ol. XX'HI \\'or. 
Soc. Ant. proceedings). She d. Aug. T, 1TT3, aged 47 yrs. He m. (.'J) 
Martha Baird, who d. March 2, 1811, aged 71 y. 

He was a soldier in the Revolution in Capt. Timothy Bigelow's 
Co., April 19, 1775: corporal in Capt. Hubbard's Co. later in 1775. He 
d. Dec. 21, 1806. Children: Ruth, b. .Aug. ;J, 1748, m. Nathaniel Har- 
rington (q. v.). 2. Jonathan, b. Dec. 8, 1750, m. Mary Harrington. :5. 
Daniel, b. Oct. 25, 1752. 4. Rhoda. b. Aug. .'i, 1754. 5. Joseph, b. Mar. 
20, 1758, a poet and writer: lived and died in .Auburn; known as 
"Squire" Stone; d. Feb. 2, 18:57, bequeathing his library to the Theolog- 
ical Seminary at Bangor, Me.; 6. Nathaniel, b. June 2, 1761; m. Sally 
Jacobs, Sept." 17, 1788. 7. iMarv. b. P"eb. 18, 1763. 8. Sarah, b. March 24, 
1768. 9. Moses, b. Mar. 28, 1771; m. Pamelia Gilbert, Feb. 'Hy. 17!)5. 
(See Wor. Soc. of Ant. XV'UI for data of the family at Auburn). 

•Stone, Ebenezer' (.Simon-, SimonM, m. 1(>86 Margaret Trowbridge, 
1>. Apr. :i. 1766, dau. of James and ^Margaret (Atherton) Trowbridge; (2) 
Abigail Wilson; (3) Apr. 8, 1722, Sarah Livermore. He d. aged 85 yrs. 

.Stone, SamueP (Ebenezer\ Simon-, Simon"), b. at Watertown, July 
1, 1690; m. Hannah Searle of Roxburv, who d. Nov. 4, 1724; m. (2) Nov. 
25, 1725, Mary Haven. He d. .Aug. 30, 1726, and his wid. m. (2) Sept. 

24, 1734, Dea.'Ephraim Ward. 

Stone, Matthias'"' (SamueP, Ebenezer-', Simon-, Simon'), b. at Wat. 
Oct. 21, 172;i: m. at Wor. Nov. 16, 1749, Susannah Chadwick. They 
were dismissed from the Wat. church to Wor., Fell. 4, 1749-50. chil- 
dren, b. here; Hannah, b. June 16, 1751; Priscilla, b. June 15, 1"5:;: 
Susanna, b. Sept. 2, 1755, m. David Curtis, Dec. 5, 1791. 

Benjamin Gates of Worcester sold land here to Matthias Stone, May 
2t<, 1747. 

Stow. — John' Stow, b. in Eng., came with wife Elizabeth and six 
children in 16:i4. and settled in Roxbury ; deputy in 1639: member of 
the .Artillery Co.; m. Elizabeth Biggs, from Cranbrook, Eng. His wife 
was buried .Aug. 24, Kilili. 

Stow, Thomas'- (John'), b. in Eng., was in Concord liefore 1()40 ; rem. 
to Conn, about 1650. and lived at Middletown. 

Stow, Samuel'' (Thos.-, John'), b. in Concord; soldier in K. P. 
War: bought of Indians land in Marlborough. 

Stow, John^ (Samuel', Thos.'-, John'), b. Mar. 30, 169(;: d. July 2, 
1761 ; ni. A])r. 11. 17 15, Elizabeth Brigham, dau. of Nathan. She "d. Oct. 

25, 1722. 

Stow. Manasseh" (John^ Samuel', Thos.-, John'), b. Nov. 8, 1724, 
d. Jan. 12, 1776; m. Nov. 17, 1747, Dinah :\[orse, who d. May 19, 1801, 
at .Southborough. 

Stow, John" (Manasseh', John', Sand.', Thos.-, John'), b. at South- 
borough fuly 25, 1763; came from that town here during the Revolu- 
tion, and afterward lived at Shrewsbury. His wife Patty died at Shrews- 
bury. Feb. 7. 1790, and he m. (2) here.' .Apr. 2, 1794, Sally Healy. Chil- 
dren. b\- 1st wife: Lovisa, b. Dec. 11. 17s:i, at Wor. (also given Dec. 11, 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



KS4, at Southhorougli ). d. at Sy. Feh. II, ISdl); Manasseh, 1). at Sv. 
Sept. -2. i:s: ; Aaron (iilil)>. h. at Sy. Jan. 1.'.. K'.K). d. there, vouns : Fattv 
.Gil)hs, li. at Sy. Sept. -.'s. i;!i4: Sarah, h. .\]ir. C. i;;)ii. (hildri-n l>y ".'d 
wife h. here: llannali. h. Dec. •.'0, i;!i;; |(ihn, h. ( )ct. ■.', i;'.i'.i: '.\'a- 
th.micd Mealy, 1). June !», ISOI; l',a\inaii, h. \\\\\ ), Koil: l.ci.s Maria. 
1). June li, ISo; : Abraham, h. Sept. 11, l.sos; "iCliner, h. Dec. 1, l.sli). 

Stowell. — Samuel' St(i\v(dl, h. in Vav^. \^\->j). .settled in lliuf^diam as 
early as 1(14;»; m. there .Mary I'arrnw . dau. (jf lohn and Frances lie d. 
Xdv. !l. U;s:!, and she m. (V) ( )ct. 10, ICSIi. Jd'shua I'.eal. Stowell's will 
dated ( )ct. 'i', . His;;, was prcived |une ::(!. KIS.M, ||is iKinie was cm l'"t. 
Hill street. 

Stowell. l)a\id- (Samuel'). 1>. in llin.L;ham .\pr.. KWIO ; ni. there Dec, 
4, l(iS4: rem. to e'amhrid.LjH-. anil m. ( '.' ) .\lar\- Ste.adman. who d. Sept. "iT, 
I'riA. Then he settled in .Xewton. where he was known a? "Old" 
Stowell. 

Stowell, Johtv (David-. Samuel'), h. about bilM). |irobabl\ .at Water- 
town: m. Xov. 1, 17-^v!, Sarah Ford of Weymouth; settled in W'atertown 
and was con^tal)le there, after lixiuL;- ;it .Xewton for some vears. 
lie owned land at Sturbridge and sold it December •.'. i;4-.'. to 
Amos Shunnvay and to John Ryan of Stnrliridgr. ( )ct. ■.'(;, WVt. In K44 
he was of Worcester and in that year sold land to David t/urtis of Stur- 
bridge, his son-in-law, Xov. -,'(;. i:44. He mortgaged to Elizabeth Dud- 
ley, widow of William, Jan. -^'S, 1T4(;, part of hisAVorcester jiropertv and 
to John Chandler, A])ril |:i, i:54. AncHher deed to Chandler is dated 
July VM, 1 ;.">;. His homestead here was deeded to his son Benjamin, who 
agreed to support his parents to the end of life, Julv IS, 17.")!». 

John Stowell and Thomas Rice joined in a deed of KO acres that they 
l)ought of John Barber, Xov. "^S, \i:,->. The hind, located in Wor. was 
sold later to Francis Cutting of Sy. Stowell <1. here in Kli-.'. his son 
John Jr. of Petersham being adnir. His inventory is signed bv Xa- 
thaniel Aloore, Cornelius Stowell and Xathan Perrv. Dec. :i. KC'.'. 

Children, b. at W'atertown. e.xcept the first: 'Sarah. b. at .Xewton. 
-Aug, U, n2;i, m. at Sturbridge, David Curtis, rem. to Petersham: lohn, 
h. Vi-iiy. leading jiatriot of Petersham in the Revolution; James, b". and 
d. at NVat.. July, ]:•>^S: Benjamin, b. May 4, I ::!(). m. at Wor. (Jet. 'i-i. 
K")-">. Elizal)eth Parker, and had the homestead here; Hezekiah. b. Dec. 
:.'"), W.Vl. m. I'ersis Rice land had at Wor. Levi, b. Jan. S. K.'i'.i; Elijah 
at Petersham Feb. i. i;<;4. and Persis at Ptni.. .\pr. i, K(iii) ; lerusha. b. 
F'eb. 1, i;;54-5; Jemima, bajit. March (i. \':'A\-~, ; David, bafit. .\pr. (I,. 
i;4() (served in the Rew). 

Stowell, Lieut. Benjamin' (John . Daxid-'. SamueP). b. Mav 4, i;:!ii, 
at Wat.; m. at Framingham (record at Worcester) Oct. 'i'-K 1 ;.")."), Eliza- 
beth Parker, who d. Mar. V'(i, IS'.'!, dan. of Moses, (g. s.). He settled 
here on Granite St.; d. here, Aug. (i, lS();i, and his homestead was after- 
ward owmed l)y his son Dea. Nathaniel, and grandson Benjamin F. 
Stowell. His three eldest sons settled in Paris, Me,, on farms given 
them by their father. He was granted land there for military service. 
He was lieut. in Capt. Johnson's Co. under Gen. Amherst in \\M\ select- 
man in 1 T7T. 

Children, 1). here: William. ])apt. .Aug. IT), ir,"i() (served in the 
Rev.), d. Jan. 8, 185!). at Paris. Me.: Daniel, "bapt. Dec. 2:), \',:u (served 
in Rev.), d. Sejit. 20, 1S-2S. at Paris, Afe. : Sarah, b. Mav 'iQ. K(i(): Elias, 
b. Apr. .■). Kli-i>. (1. bS:?!); ni. in Charlton. X(jv. T. KiiO, Pollv Barnard, sister 
of Capt, Lewis Barnard; Betty, bapt. July ■.'■.'. i;(;4. m. .Apr. :'.(), KSt?, 



238 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Reuben Hubbard; Elizabeth, b. Julv 6. 1TI34; Paul, bapt. July 3, 1766, 
d. v.; Paul, Iiapt. Feb. 5, i:6i); Nathaniel, b. Apr. 19, IT-O, (of the two 
following, the mother is given as Abigail, but see date of death of Eliza- 
beth): David, bajjt. May !l. I'.Vo, went West, (says Wall), but d. here 
Oct. 3, 1802, (g. s.); Benjamin, b. :Mar. 6. 1776. 

Stowell, Dea. Nathaniel"' (Benj.\ John'. David-. Saml.M, b. here Apr. 
l!i, 17 70, d. Apr. 27, I860, aged 90 y. ; m. (1) here Apr. 17, 1792. Katy 
Bixby, who d. Alay 12, 181.3; (2) he ni. Jan. 26, 1816, Lucretia Willard. 
He was deacon of the Baptist church ;38 yrs., elected first in 1S22. He 
was selectman six yrs., 1816-21; representative 1830. Children, b. here: 
Sophia, b. Mar. 21, 1793, m. Sept. 9, 1812, Capt. Lewis Bigelow ; Leonard 
Worcester, b. May 28, 1796, m. a sister of Dea. Daniel Goddard : Maria, 
b. Apr. 20, 1800; Elmira, b. Sept. 27, 1801, m. Capt. Zenas Studley, Apr. 
13, 1824; Eliza, b. Sept. l.">, 1808; Amelia, b. Aug. 17, 1810, m. James 
S. Woodworth, Oct. 2, 1832. By 2d wife: David Dudley, b. July 8, 
1817, lived on part of the homestead: Benjamin F., b. April 30, 1820, 
lived on part of the homestead. 

Stowell, Benjamin'' (Benj.'', John', David-, Saml.'), b. Mar. 6, 17 76, 
(Williams College), lawyer at Natchez, Miss.; d. unm., leaving estate to 
bro. Nathaniel. 

Stowell Samuel* (David-, Samul.^), lived at Watertown. and d. there 
1748; m. Sarah . He was a clothier. 

Stowell, Cornelius^ (Samvieb', David-, Sanil.M. b. at Watertown, Sept. 
i:i. 1724; d. here Jan. 3, 1804; came here soon after the town was organ- 
ized. He was a Loyalist, signer of the Protest, 1774, and disarmed. He 

m. (1) Persis ; (2) Zurvilla Goulding, dau. of Palmer, Mar. 22, 

1749-50. She d. here June 7, 1812, aged 82 yrs. He was a clothier at the 
corner of Park and Orange Sts., where his descendants have lived since. 
In later years his sons Peter and Ebenezer were in partnership with him. 
About 1790 they began to make woolen goods, printing calico, weaving 
carpets, dveing and dressing woolens, having two fulling mills. They 
became famous for their scarlet and deep blue colors. At one time they 
had six looms of their own invention and construction in operation. 
They made the first carpets vised in the state house, Boston. They also 
built shearing machines. (See Wall. p. 53). 

Children, b. here: Asa, b. C)ct. 21, 1750; Samuel, b. Sept. 24, 
1750, (?) ; d. Apr. 14, 1774, (g. s.). By 2d wife: Abel, b. June 12, 1752; 
Abigail, b. Sept. 10, 1754; Thomas, b. Jtme 4, 1756; Hannah, b. Aug. 2, 
1757; Peter, b. Apr. 25, 1767, d. July 10, 1810, intestate and insolvent, 
widow Betsey, admx.. appointed July 24, 1810, Abel Stowell. surety; 
Elizabeth, b. June 6. 1764 ; Cornelius, b. Dec. 26, 1766 ; Ebenezer, b. Nov. 
1, 1768, rem. to Sheldon, \"t., and d. there Jan. 14, 1849, unm.; Abigail, 
b. Jan. 19, 1771; Mary, b. Oct. 8, 1773, m. John Adams of Boston. 

Stowell, Abel*^ (Cornelius*, Saml.''. David-, Saml.^), b. June 12, 1762, 
was the famous clock-maker : maker of the old clock on the Old South 
church (1800); the old Worcester Bank clock and others. He was in 
business with his father. He d. intestate Aug. 3, 1818. Cornelius being 
admr., Sept. 2, 1818, Abel of Medford, his son, being one of the sureties 
and Nathaniel Stowell another. He m. here Nov. 22, 1781, Relief Jenni- 
son, dau. of Israel. Children, b. here: Faith. 1). Nov. 9, 1782. m. Tan, 
12, 1802, James Ridgway ; Cornelius, b. Oct. 15. 1T84, d. Sept. 15, 1836; 
m. [une 14. 1814. Betsev W' ood ; Betsev, h. |ulv 4, 1786, also m. Tames 
Kidgway (Dec. 13. 1807'); .\bel. b. Mar. 14." \:xU. 

-Stowell. Thumas'' (Cornelius'', .Sand.''. David'-. Saml.M. b. here. Tune 



.-i.\'I> ITS PEOPLE 239 

4, K.'iO, d. Kill). He lived on the hcmiestead ; m. Anna Stune of New- 
ton, dau. of Jonas. She d. here Sept. Ki, lS4(_i. aged it! yrs. Children, b. 
here: Sally, ha]it. June IS, KSd, d. v.; Sarah, h. Mar. \\K KSO; Samuel, 
1). :\\<v. ■>. i;s:5: Thomas, h, Ajir. •">, i^S(>: William, h. June ■<. \'/M). man- 
ufacturer of carding machinery, Lincoln .St., later at So. W'or. and New 
W'or. and on the site of the C'oes Wrench sho])s; sold out to William 
Hickford and t)thers who mci\ed the business to ."^cIkkjI St., and he Ijecame 
a building mover: d. here .Aug. T, ls").'i. 

.Stowell, .Samuel'' (Thomas', Cornelius'', Saml.'', David". SamlM. b. 
here .Apr. ."), n.s;i: had the homestead in Northville; d. Feb. 20, 1849. 
His son Frederick T. had the homestead: his son Francis P. lived on 
Salisbury St. 

Stowell, Peter' ( Cijrnefius', .Saml. \ 1 )a\ id", Saml.M, b. .Apr. 'i.'), 
ITiiT: d. July Id, ISIO, (g. s.). He was in iiartnership with his father. 
Their sho]i was burned, Jan. 4, K!!:!. In ISUJ he and his brother Eb- 
enezer began the weaving of carpets, plaids, etc. Children, b. here: Eliz- 
abeth, b. \Iay Vi. K!t(): Israel Jennison. b. May !», Kiiv!, d. .Aug. 12. KitG; 
Zerviler (ioulding, h. .Apr. .-), ]';94; .Aliigail .Adeline, b. Mar. 1."), K!)l); 
Caroline, 1). July 10, 1801: Frances, b. Jan. 8, 180,"). 

Stowers. — John Stowers, son of Richard, had a guardian appointed 
here .Se]it. 2, KG6, when he was over 14 } rs. Jose|ili .Spr.-igue <if Lei- 
cester was his guardian. His father was a Ijlacksmith. John ni. here, 
Aug. 12. K81, Abigail Inillerton. His sister Sarah m. Nov. 28, i;82, 
Jedediah Healy. Children, b. here: Sophia and Harriet, 1). -April 11, 
1:82: John, b.'jan. 2S, i:sl, d. June, i:s4; John and Sophia, h. Feb. 28, 
178(i: Samuel, b. Feb. 2T, 1781); Mary .Sterne, b. Feb. 7, 17!);!. The fam- 
ily left town soon afterward. Richard served in the Rev. 

Stratton. — Josejjh .Stratton bought land here, .May 18, 172."), of Iten- 
jamin Flagg, but did not settle permanently. 

Swan. — William Swan, b. 171-">, in Boston, d. in Wor. 1774, came 
from Boston (See C. L'. Ilaldwin's diarw p. ll(i). He moxed to Marl- 
borough to escape small pnx, then prcx'alent in I'.oston, and thence to 
Wor. By wife Lavina he had here: Edward, b. Feb. 8, 17")4 (served 
in the Rev.) ; Katherine, b. .Apr. 2, 17."i(i, m. Oct. 2.'"), 1774, Caleb Lyman; 
Timothy, b. July 23, 1758; Henry, b. C)ct. 10, KCO; Benjamin, b' Nov. 
12. 17<i2, was clerk in the .Salisljury store here, settled Woodstock. Vt., 
in 171)1, and was in partnership with .Samtiel Chandler, was treasurer of 
X'ermont, 31 yrs. or more; clerk of Windsor Co., \'t., 20 yrs. or more. 

William Swan's will, dated April IB, proved Apr. 2y, 1774, beq. to 
wife Lavina and children: William, Levinah, Thomas, Edward, Cather- 
ine, Timothy, Henry, Benjamin, Lucretia and Elizabeth. 

Tainter. — Charles' Tainter, b. in Wales, came to N. E. on account of 
religieius ])ersecution ; settled at Fairfield, Ct.. in 1()4;S: was lost at sea 
in a ship of which he was jjart owner, l().")(i. 

Tainter, Joseph- (Charles'), came to Watertown from Wales 1()44, 

Tainter, Joseph' (Joseph-, Charles'), h. 1);4.'); m. Martha , 

and lived at Wat. 

Tainter, Josejih'' (Jos.'\ Jos.-, C'harles'), b. I('i7.'). Children, b. at 
Wat.: Sarah, m. Ebenezer Rice of Holden; Miriam, m. .Stephen Pot- 
ter of Alarlhorough ; .Annis, m. Cyrus Kingsbury of Worcester; Lucy, 
m. .Abel Hubbard of Holden; Lucretia and Electa d. y. ; Patt\', m. John 
Perry of Holdeii ; Benjamin ; Jose])h. m. .Abigail Fuller. 

Tainter, I'.enjamiir'' ( ]use])h'. b.is. ', jos.-, (^'harles'), m. I )inah 



240 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Houghton and lived for a time in this town, where were l)apt. his chil- 
dren — Benjamin. Sept. "^4. ITOU. and Patty. Oct. 4. 1T72. 

Tanner. — William' Tanner came to Rhode Island as early as 1(182, d. 
after 113.3 ; one of the founders of the Seventh Day liapt. church of 
Westerly. R. I. : freeman, of So. Kingston. 

Tanner, James- (William'), b. Kl-1:. a merchant: came from Xew- 
jKjrt. R. I., to this town: d. here Apr. 8. KS"^. (g. s.). His wife Sarah d 
Sept. 19, 1785, aet. 73 y. 

Tanner. James'' (James-, William'), h. Koi;, d. here Sept. li. 1778 
(g- s.). 

1 anner. Capt. John" (James-. William'), was of Xew])ort: d. here 
Jan. Hi. 1784. aged 44 y. (g. s.). 

Tatman. — John' Tatman. b. in Eng., came to Boston in 16lj"<2: set- 
tled in Ro.xbury: his wife Johanna d. there 1(i()8; he d. Oct. 28, 1670. 

Tatman. Jabez'-. only son of John', was b. at Ro.xbury Nov. 19, 1(341 ; 
m. Deborah Turner, dau. of John and Deborah (Williams). She d. May 
;J1, l(i89, and he d. Apr. 20, 1(379. 

Tatman, John'' (Jabez-. John'), b. at Roxl:)ury KiS.j. In 17:57 he 
came here and bought of Nathaniel Jones a 200-acre tract in what is 
now Quinsigamond village. He was a farmer. Many of the family 
have been buried in the graveyard on the old homestead. He m. July 
5, 1709, Mary Richards of Dedham. Children, b. at Roxbury: Mar}-; 
Elizabeth; Jabez: Sarah: John: Nathaniel: Hannah. His will dated 
Feb. 5. 17G0. filed March 5, and ijroved. March 10. 17()(). l)eq. to wife 
Mary and children — Jabez, Nathaniel and Hannah Lawrence, wife of 
Samuel. 

John Tatman's permission to son Nathaniel to reside in the house in 
which he was living here. May 18, 1752, is on record. (\'ol. 29. ]). 538). 

Tatman, Jabez* (John'', Jabez'-', John^), was b. in Roxbury. May 16, 
1715, and came to this town in 1737: d. March 13. 1807. in his 92d yr. : 
m. (1) .Sally (lookin, son of Daniel (.See Gookin). She d. 1761 and he m. 
(2) Mary Dudley of Oxford. Sept. 23. 17()1. Tatman was one of the peti- 
tioners for the gore between Wor. and Sutton, granted in 1743. He was 
elected constable in 17()5, but declined: was highway, surveyor and col- 
lector of highway taxes in 1773: on jury list 1779. His will was dated 
1780, proved July 7, 1807, beq. to wife Mary and children — Daniel, 
Lydia Rice, wife of Thomas: John: granddaughter .Sarah Curtis (dau. 
of his dau. .Sarah) and to wife's dau. Marv Dudley. Children, b. here bv 
1st wife: Daniel, b. Ajiril 21, 1744; John. b. May 5, 1746; Jabez, b. Dec. 
17. 1748; Sarah, b. May 1. 1751. m. .\ug. 25^ 1771, William Curtis; 
Lydia, b. Oct. 22, 1753, m. Nov. 26. 17 78. Thomas Rice Jr. 

Tatman, John"' (Jabez*, Tohn'-, labez-. John'), b. here Mar. 5, 1746, 
d. Oct. 2, 1833. aged 88 yrs."; m. Nov. 22," 1784, Lucy Dudley of Sut- 
ton, eldest of triplets born to David and wife. His will was dated May 
15, 1829, and i)roved Nov. 26. 18:):!, beq. to wife Lucy and children — 
Reuben, Lewis, John and Daniel. 

He was a soldier in the Revolution in Capt. Timothy Bigelow's Co., 
April 19, 1775. He gave the old Tatman burying ground and dedicated 
it, and one of his grandchildren was the first ])erson buried there. Chil- 
dren : 1. John, 1). Nov. 8, 1785; m. Prudence Davis of Oxford and d. 
Apr. 8, 1870; soldier of War of 1812, in Worcester Artillery; children 
— Lucy, Sarah, Emilv, Charles, Nancy, John Augustus and .Samuel 
Davis.' 2. Daniel, b. May 14, 1793; d. Nov. 17, 1865; m. Olive Davis; 
children — 01i\-e. David T)udley. Benjamin Davis, Stephen Luther Da- 



AXD ITS PEOPLE 241 

vis and Rufus Daniel. ;{. Reuben, b. < )ct.. \','.^'<. m. Mar\- Ann Wiser; 
father of Reuben James (see biography). 

Tatnian, Nathaniel* (John'. Jabez-. John'), b. in Roxbury. Jan. 10, 
1T2.5; m. Dec. IT. 174T. Mary Rice. He settled on the spot where the 
old brick tavern was afterward Iniilt in Ouinsigamond village. He m. 
{'i) Dec. 'i. VM'i. Rachel Adams. In K70 he rem. to Barre. He lived 
to be 100 yrs. old. Children, b. liere by 1st wife: Ephraim. b. July 
28. 1T51: Reuben, ba]). June 24. IT-Jo: Ebenezer. bapt. Feb. 'i^K 175(i. 
By -^d wife: Mercy, bapt. Feb. iiy. V.M. 

Taylor. — William^ Taylor, b. in Eng.. died in Concord ITO'j. 

Taylor. James- (\Vm.'). b. in Eng.. settled in Concord and .Marl- 
boro, where he d. Feb. 11. 171.'). He m. (1) 1<>41 Isabel Tompkins: vi) 
Sarah . 

Taylor. James' (James-. William'), b. .\])r. 'i'i. 1()74: d. here Feb. 
24, 174:5: came from Maiden to this town, of which he was one of the 
founders. He was a proprietor, receiving 111 acres. He was a house- 
wright. He was one of the founders of Pelham 1738. He sold land 
here to Jonas Clarke Jan. 21. 1724--"). He d. here Feb. 24. 1742. aged 
70 y. His wife Elizabeth d. here July 14, 17-j"), aged 82 yrs. They had 
7 children b. in Marlboro. Their son James d. June oO. 1730. aged 
22 yrs. James. 3d, d. Feb. 2(5. 1756, aged 2ii. of wounds received in the 
fight at Lake George. Sej)t. 8, 17.5."J. 

Taylor, Othniel' (James'. James-. WilliamM, b. at Marlb. Oct. 19, 
1698. d! July 29. 1779 "(g. s. ). He m. (1) Mary Xewton. dau. Daniel 
and Susannah (Morse). His 2d wife Dinah d. March 29. 174ii. at Wor., 
aged 38. Hannah. 3d wife of Othniel d. here Jan. 3. 17 72, aged 52, 
Children: Othniel: Bridget, m. Dea. Thomas \\'heeler : William : Abra- 
ham: Mary. m. Xov. 25. 177(). William Johnson: James, b. 1731. was 
at St. George battle. Sept. 8. 1755. d. Feb. 2(>. 175ti: Isaac, b. Xov. 17. 
1745. d. Mar. 26. 174(5. 

In March. 1773, a petition, headed by Othniel Taylor, was presented 
to the town calling attention to the grievances under which the Province 
labored. After debate, the celebrated Boston ])amphlet was read and a 
committee appointed to consider the petition and report. 

Taylor, Othniel' (Othniel*. James'. James-. Wm.M. lived on the 
homestead (Samuel G. Curtis place): had here bv wife Marv: Daniel, 
b. :Mar. 24. 1778: Samuel, b. Mar. 3, 1780: Luther, b. Dec. lo! 1781 : Eli. 
b. Apr. 17, 1784: William, h. July 30. 1787; Simeon, b. Mar. .30. 178".). 

Taylor. William'' (Othniel*. James'. James-'. Wm.M. b. about 1735; 
had the "Coal Mine" Farm: m. Aug. 24. 1754. Lois Whitney, both then 
of Leicester. She d. Xov. 10. 1805. at Wor. in 7(ith yr. (g. s. ). Children: 
James, b. at Leicester Aug. 10. 1755. (served in Rev.), d. July 18, '14, lived 
on homestead. Born here: Hannah, b. May Hi, 1759, June 13. 1759; 
Mollv. b. Tune 28. 1761, m. Timothv Bragg; William, b. Tulv 27. 1767, 
d. Mir. 7. 1779 : Lois, b. Feb. 1-2. 1780. d. July 6. 1802. 

Xote. — James Taylor, son of William and Elizabeth, was ba])t Xov. 
2, 1785, in Old South Ch. This \\'illiam probably was brother of Ste- 
phen and John mentioned below. 

Tavlor. William, d. 1808. Bv wife Elizal>eth had here lames, bapt. 
Nov. 2,' 1783. 

Taylor. .Abraham'' (Othniel*, James ■, James-. Wm.'). had here by 
wife Rachel: Sarah, b. Mar. 29. l"762 ; Hannah, b. Mar. 3. 1764. d. y. ; 
Timothv. b. Mav 19. 1765; Elizalieth. ba])t. .Apr. 2<>, 17(>7: Ezra. bapt. 
\V.— 'I-16. 



242 HISTORY UP WORCESTER 



Mar. 4, i::0; Azubah, hajn. .Mar. 1, 1 :;■.': John, bapt. Feb. -.'O, i;:4. 
(See Wall's "Eastern Worcester"). 

Taylor, John (probably of above family), served in the Rev.; had 
here by wife Elizabeth : John, 1). Nov. ;5. 17T5, d. Aug. 21, 177G; Wil- 
liam, bai)t. June s. i: : 7 : William, baj)!. Sept. ^(l, 17:8; Betsey. ba])t. 
Oct. :i, 1784. 

Ta\lor. Stephen (ancestry not traced), d. here I\Iay 10, 18.3(i, aet. 87 
(g. s.) ; m. here Sept. 4, 1781, Susanna Gates, and had here: William, 
b. Jan. 7, 1782; Betsev, b. Oct. Hi. 178:i; Lucy, b. Mar. 17, 1787, d. Oct. 

2, ■i;ii2. 

Temple. — Abraham' Temple, b. in Eng., settled in Salem in 1G36. 

Temple, Richard- (Abraham'), b. in Eng. 1(;2;3; d. Concord, Mar. 
15, IGSl); wife Joanna d. Feb. 24, l(i88 : had a sawmill in Concord; 
owned land at Salem and Charleston n. 

Temide. Abraham'' (Richard-, .Abraham'), b. June 4, 11J52, at 
Charlestown; m. Dec. 4. li;7;i, Deborah Hallock, dau. of John; she d. 
Jan. 28, 1743. He was a soldier in the K. P. War and was wounded in 
the Swamp Fight; d. Jan. 4, 17:58, buried at Concord. 

Temple. Dr. Richard* (Abraham-. Richard'-, Abraham'), b. Oct. 6, 
l(i74. at Concord; d. here Nov. 21, K.'itl. He lived at Concord, Stow 
and Shrewsbury, and was one of the founders of Wor. He bought land 
here, June 4, 17'2(i. of James Knapp and, June 'i-i. 172(i, of Benj. Flagg Jr. ; 
Mar. 27, K28, of Thomas Stearns and he was then of Shrewsbury, and 
again. Mar. 28, 1728, of Stearns. He sold land here, Apr. 4, 1728, to 
Robert Cummings of Concord. He was of Sy., Sept. 1, 1730, when he 
deeded for "love and goodwill" land here to Thomas Temple of Hadley, 
evidently his son. He m. (1) June 7, l(i!)i», Mary Barker; (2) Sept. 26, 
17.34, Rebecca Leighton ; (3) Apr. 24, 174(i, Sarah Hamilton. Children: 
Mary Miller, b. June 13. KOO; Thomas, 1). Nov. 21, 1702; William, b. 
Aug'. 15, 1704, m. in Wor. May in. i:2!i, Sarah Miller, (Mdlx. Co. rec.) ; 
Deborah; Benjamin; lose])!) ; Sarah, b. Aug. 31. in3; Abigail, b. Sept. 
1(1, 1714; Abraham, b. Nov. Ki. \:\:>: Huldah, b. Feb. 14, 171(i; Isaac; 
John ; Mercy. 

Temple, Thomas" (Rich..', .\brahani', Richard-, .Abraham'), b. at 
Concord, Nov. 21, 1702; m. Aug. 12, 1730, Sarah Barnard at Wor.; m. 
(2) Dinah. He was of Sy. 1728, dismissed to Shuteslniry, 1742, and was 
in 1767 of Westmoreland, N. H. Of his eight children, but one is 
recorded in this town, .\rchelaus, b, Dec. 10. 173.">. 

Temple. William'' (Richard*, Abraham'', Richard'-, Abraham'), b. 
Aug. 15, 1:04, at Concord; lived also in Wor. where he held various 
town offices. Warwick, Winchester, N. H., and X'ernon, \'t. In 1735 he 
received land from his father here. He was a housewright. Children, 
b. here : Levi, b. Dec. 24, 1729 ; Stephen, b. May 15, 1731 ; John, b. Feb. 

3, 1732-3; .Abraham, b. Aug. 15, 1734, d. Oct. 2, 1741 ; Isaac, b. Mar. 14, 
1738; Beidah and Hepsibah. b. Feb. 29, 1740; William, b. Nov. 8. 1742; 

Lucy, b. Dec. 13, 1744. 

Temple, Joseph^ (Richard', .Abraham', Rich.-, Abraham'), m. in 
Concord, Marv Lawton, Dec. 3, 1739. He held various town offices here. 
Children, b. here: Marv, b. Aug. 19, 1740; Sarah, b. Nov. 8, 1742; Jo- 
seph, b. Dec. 12, 1743; Joanna, b. April 2'.t. i;48; Samuel, b. Apr. 4. 1750; 
Parmenas, b. July 4, 1754; Amos, b. June 6, 1757; Daniel, b. June 1, 
1759; Richard, bapt. Aug. 26, 1759. (See Tem]de Gen.). 

Tem])le, Jcjnathan* (Thomas', Richards Robert' of Saco, Ale.), b. 
Feb. 17, 1751, soldier in Capt. Gleason's Co. in Revolution; settled in 



AXD ITS PEOPLE 



-43 



(lau. of Ezi-kifl. I St-e I-'raniingham 
while in Worcester one son, Jonathan, 



1 'i ■")"), aged ■}■) yrs., 

Ko.s, ImU evidently 

1 '.'<^\, aged "lii _\ rs. 

to children JJavid, 



Westminster; ni. ReiKCca Mow 
Hist, by Tenijile, p. "riii). lie ha( 
b; here' March ;)(l. 1 o^v!. 

Thomas. — Isaiah Thomas (see biography). 

rhonias, Samuel, born liiSS, died here May "iO, 
(g. s.). }le was one of the founders of Pclham, 
returned here. His widow Jennet d. here. .Aug. IS 
She left a non-cupati\e will, dated .Aug. li. ! ;.">(;, beci 
Jean McMaster (?); .Sarah: Susanna and th.e following heirs assent to 
it — Josei>li Sparrow, guardian for Mary; Joseph Wiley for Martha 
Wilev ; David Thomas of Pelham and [oseph Sparrow or .SJarri.w of 
Rutland. A list from proliate pa[)ers of the heirs, Dec. l.'), K.")!): David, 
Sarah, Mary. Martha, John's daughter Margaret; Jean; Susannah; Sa- 
rah da}- and Mary .Si)arr(.jw. 

Thomas. Robert- (Samuel' ), left a will, dated June '■'>. W'u. ("ha\-- 
ing enlisted") and proved Apr. •"), \\'<^. e\idently he died in the service: 
beq. to sister .Susanna, sister Sarah, father Samuel, brother Jose]ih Wil- 
lev, exec, h^videntlv he was unm. 




I.sAl.AH THOM.-\S HUL'SE. KK.\K OF COURT HOUSE. 
From a Ijuilding mover's circular in the .American Anticiuarian .Society Collection. 



I, was a soldier in t!u 
d. in PriJX'idence, R. 



Kevo 



lution in C;r,)t. 



1S:J4, aet. 



Thomas, David- (Samuel 
Edmund Hodge's Co., WW: 
had here by wife Elizabeth: Elizalieth, bapt. .\]iril 'i-i. K.")!); David, 
bapt. Oct. 4', i:()l ; Mar\, liapt. Se])t. 11, Wiv:,; Sarah, bapt. July :, 1765; 
Samuel, l)a])t. Aug. !*, K(i"i ; Rebecca, bapt. June 11, KtiU: John, ba])t. 
Ajiril ".;■,', K"l ; Susanna, bapt. June R!, K oi ; Lucy, bajn. .Sept. vJl. KIT, 

Thomas. — Isaiah Thomas was liorn in Hempstead, L. 1., Jan. II*, 
1T49, and died April 4, 1m;;i, in Worcester, son of Moses and Fidelity 
(Grant) Thomas. According to the family tradition. Evan Thomas, mas- 
ter of the shi]) William and Francis, which arrived in Boston. June ."ith, 
1(!33. was the great-great-grandfather of Moses. He settled in the col- 
ony of the Massachusetts Ray, in \i\:V.) or liUO, the first notice of him on 
the colony records being under the date of Sept. 1st, 1<)40, when, hav- 
ing a wife and four children, he "is allowed twenty bushels of corne 



244 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

at harvest." He was a successful vintner, and seems to have dabbled 
also in speculation. 

Moses Thomas, in turn soldier, mariner, trader, farmer and school- 
master succeeded in nothing he attempted, and his father, after many 
futile attempts to reform him and set him up in business, disinherited 
him. Though the son died first, the will was not changed, and at Moses' 
death, in Wyi, his widow was left in the most destitute circumstances. 
Obliged to part with some of her children, the youngest. Isaiah, when 
six years old. was placed with Zechariah Fowle, a printer of ballads and 
small books in Boston, and a year later was apjjrenticed to him. The 
apprentice always claimed that Fowle, having gotten him into his power, 
put him to all kinds of servile work entirely disregarding the terms of 
the indenture "to teach or cause to be taught the said apprentice by the 
best way and means he can, the art and mistery of a printer, also to read, 
write and cypher;" and in later life used to say that six weeks' "school- 
ing" was all he ever had, and poor at that. When he was seven years 
old, and so small that in order to reach the type-boxes he was mounted 
on a bench 18 inches high, he set the type for a licentious book, "The 
Lawyer's Pedigree." He did this in two days, "though he knew then 
only the letters, and had not been taught to put them together and spell." 
Several years later he cut plates on wood or type-metal to illustrate 
Fowle's ballads. During the ten or eleven years of his apprenticeship, 
he had acquired the elementary branches of learning, and at the age of 
seventeen was considered an excellent workman. He loved the art of 
printing, and his greatest desire was to go to England to perfect himself 
in it. 

In ITGj, on account of trouble with his master, Thomas left Bos.- 
ton secretl}' and went to Halifax, hoping to find his way from there to 
London. But the means were wanting. He found employment with 
Anthony Henry, the government printer, and publisher of the Halifax 
Gazette. The latter, an indolent man who knew nothing of printing, 
let Thomas take things into his own hands, and he became virtually 
the editor of the paper. It was at the time of the Stamp Act. and his 
notions of liberty soon got him into trouble. Seditious articles began to 
appear in the Gazette. One day the year's stock of stamped paper for 
the Gazette was received from England. It was soon found that the 
stamps had been removed, and the next issue contained a notice that 
"all the stam])ed had been used, and as no more could be had. the paper 
would in the future be published without stamps.'" A few days later 
the Pennsylvania Journal arrived, in full mourning for the ]5assage of 
the Stamp .-Xct. Thomas wished to copy it for the Gazette, but he did 
not dare to do it directly. As near an imitation as was possible was 
made of The Journal containing this notice : "We are desired by a num- 
ber of our readers to gi-ve a description of the extraordinary appearance 
of the Pennsylvania Journal of the .'^Oth of October last. We can in no 
better way comply with their re([uest than by the exemplification we 
have given of that Journal in this day's Gazette." In one issue, death's 
heads were inserted in jilace of the stamps, in another the devil was 
represented in the act of thrusting his f(jrk into the stamp. Both Henry 
and Thomas were several times summoned before the governor and coun- 
cil ; but warnings and threats had no effect. Henry soon saw that he 
must part with his journeyman or give up the government business, 
and Thomas, after between six and seven months' residence in Halifax 
went to Portsmouth, N. H. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 245 

The appearance of the paper on which he worked disclosed his pres- 
ence in Portsmouth to his Boston friends, and at the invitation of Fowde 
he returned. Init remained only a short time. Xotwithstaiuling- he was 
so young, he wished to set up for himself in business, and hearing that 
there was an opening for a printer in Wilmington, So. C, he went there. 
This amounted to nothing, and he went next to Charleston, S. C, where 
he remained until the spring of ITTO. He returned to Boston, and in 
partnership with Fowle, in July of that year, issued the first number of 
the Massachusetts Spy w hich was to l)e published three times a week. 
After three months Thomas published it alone as a semi-weekly ; and 
March Uh, llTl. it appeared as a weekly, in larger form than any news- 
paper l)efore published in Boston. It started with less than two hundred 
suljscribers, but the number rapidly increased after the first week. The 
Spy soon liecanie a power in Massachusetts, and some of the ablest 
writers of the colony contributed to its columns. Its bold and defiant 
tone drew widespread attention to the printer, and applications came 
from the Whigs in all parts of the country to set up presses. 

The hostility of the loyalists toward him was extreme ; he was 
fre<[uently threatened with violence, his name was placed on the list of 
the suspected, and his oftice was known as the "sedition factory." He 
was one of the most jjatriotic of the Sons of Liljerty : meetings were 
often held in his office and he worked far into the night printing hand- 
bills to be jjosted throughout the town before morning. So frequent 
did the threats against him become, that a few davs before the battle of 
Lexington, his friends insisted on his keeping in retirement ; and he 
went to Concord to consult with Hancock and the leading members of 
the Provincial Congress. 

In 1TT4, the Whigs of Worcester had urged Air. Thomas to start 
a paper there. He consented to do so early in 1775, and in February 
had issued a proposal for publishing The \\'orcester Gazette, or Ameri- 
can Oracle of Liberty. Though he had not intended to give up his Bos- 
ton press, the early outbreak of hostilities rendered this necessarv. He 
went back to Boston, packed up his presses and types, and on the 'l6th of 
A])ril. with the aid of Gen. Joseph Warren and Col. Timothy Bigelow, 
"stole them out of town in the dead of night," and sent them ahead to 
Worcester. He remained behind, assisted in giving the alarm on the 
night of the 18th, and was actively engaged in the fight on the following 
day. He arrived in Worcester on the "■iOth, and set up his press in the 
cellar of Col. Bigelow's house, where he did the first printing done in any 
inland town in New England. After a suspension of three weeks, the 
Spy reappeared in Worcester. May .'Srd, 17 75. Here he also did all the 
printing for the Provincial Congress, until presses were set up in Cam- 
bridge and Watertown. Upon the pamphlet, "A Narrative of the Ex- 
cursions and Ravages of the King's Troops under the Command of 
General Gage, on the nineteenth of April, 17 75," etc., printed by order 
of the Provincial Congress, is a note in his own handwriting: "This 
was the first printing done in Worcester, Mass." We have no con- 
nected record of Mr. Thomas's life during the Revolution. In the lat- 
ter part of 1774, with William Goddard of Baltimore, John Holt of New 
York and Thaddeus Burr of Fairfield, Ct., he had established a line 
of post-riders from Boston to Baltimore. In May. 1775, on the estab- 
lishment of a temporary system of post-riders and post offices bv the 
Provincial Congress, he was appointed postmaster at Worcester ; in 
the fall of the year, when a regular post office department for all the 



246 HISTORY OF WORCF.STER 



colonies was created. Franklin again selected him. and his successors 
renewed the commission until he was removed by Jefferson in ISOl. 

In K;(i and \'\'. he leased the Spy and went to Salem, intending to 
start in business there: but financial difficulties prevented this. Dur- 
ing these two years his famil_\- was living in Londonderry. X. H.. but 
his own movements are unknown, with the exception that, while on a 
visit to Worcester, in July. K^i. he read the Declaration of Indepen- 
dence from the to]) of tlie porch of the Old South Church. In the spring 
of 17].S, Mr. Thomas resumed the ])ublication of the Spy. which came out 
in a new form. Though the disordered state of th.e country when he 
returned made it a hard time to l^egin business anew, he gained ground 
slowly but surely. The circulation of the Spy was extended, and he did 
a little job printing, .\fter the peace of KS;5. his business rapidly 
increased. The Spy appeared in new type and on better paper, and was 
enlarged to five columns: besides the news, it jr.iblished the whole of 
l<ol)inson"s History of America. Gordon's History of the Revolution, and 
other British publications which made it more valuable than any other 
paper in Massachusetts. From March. ITSli, to March. 1T8S. on account 
of a stamp duty on newspapers, it was changed to magazine form and 
called the Worcester ^Magazine. 

lie built a large paper-mill at Ouinsigamond in K9->. (the second in 
the country) and establislied an extensive bindery. W'ith his jjartners 
he controlled sixteen presses, constantly employed, seven of them in 
Worcester, lie b.ad five book-stores in Massachusetts, one in Concord, 
N. H.. one in.Albany and one in Baltimore. In K88 he established a 
printing and bookselling business with Ebenezer T. .\ndrews. at the sign 
of Faust's head, in Xewbury street, lloston. which continued until 1S1;5; 
but his ])rincii)al establishment remained in Worcester. At the "Wor- 
cester iU^ok-store" he always had a large stock of the jniblications of the 
dav. and the lists as published in his catalogues and in the Spy would 
make no inconsiderable showing at the present time. For instance, in 
the Spy of March ;3rd. 1T8.J. he publishes a list containing fifty-five works 
on divinity; fifteen on medicine; eleven of history, biography, geog- 
raphy and' travels; thirty-one of novels, miscellany and poetry; twenty- 
six classical and school-books; and six dictionaries. He became one 
of the largest publishers of his time on either side of the Atlantic. His 
work, remarkable for its elegance and accuracy, caused Brissot (de 
W'arville). the famous Girondist leader to write of him in his travels in 
the United States in 1:88: •"Thc-ias est le Di'ot des Etat.^-LTnis ;" and 
Franklin spoke of him as the Baskerville of .\merica. Some idea of the 
extent of his publications may l>e gained from Dr. Charles Lemuel 
Nichols' recent "Bibliography of Worcester." which gives nearly three 
hundred titles of books and pamphlets bearing his Worcester imprint 
alone, .\niong these the most important, perhaps, are the folio edition 
of the Bible (1"'.)1), which contains fifty copper plates and which, with 
the quarto edition, was carried through in a little more than twelve 
months; the "Laus Deo! The Worcester Collection of Sacred Har- 
mony" ( K8()), upon a copy of which Christopher Columbus Baldwin has 
written. "I believe this is the first specimen of music printed from types 
in this country. Before this it had been engraved:" and "Perry's Royal 
Standard English Dictionary." of which Mr. Thomas states in his dedi- 
cation, "the first work of the kind printed in .\merica." In llS-t he 
be"-an the reproduction of Carnan and Xewbery's London children or 
chap-books, of which he puldished over fifty; and some of the titles of 



AND ITS PEOPLE ^47 



these are familiar tu the children of the present (hiy — such as "\[uther 
Goose's Melodies;" "The llonse that Jack Hnilt:" "Travels of Robinson 
Crusoe:" "The Death and Burial of Cdck Rohii;;" and "The History of 
Little Goody Two-Sht)es." 

In ISO-,' he relini|uished hi> husines- in Worcester to his snn. Isaiah 
Thomas jr. He retired to private life, and devoted his time to the reali- 
zation of t\\d designs, u Inch he had jilanned for m;niy years: "A llis- 
torv of Printing in America" and the foundation df the American Anti- 
quarian SocietN'. L'p t(i this time there had been no such histnry in this 
countr\-. Knowing personall_\- the leading printers of his time, and hav- 
ing heard from them the traditions handed down hy their predecessors, 
no one living had so extended a knowledge of the suliject. He spared 
no time or expense in obtaining materials for this work, which was juib- 
lished in bs|(i. in twn cjctaxo xdknnes. 

He had al\\a\s taken a deep interest in American history, and the 
nature of his business, as well as his researches in i>reparing the History 
of Printing had shown him not only the inipurtance of the ])reservation 
of material relating to the subject, luit also Ikjw fast the means of ac(|uir- 
ing it were passing awav. For \ ciirs he had been collecting books and 
pamphlets of Americana, with the \ ieu of f(jnning such a library for the 
use of future students, and with this end in view he determined t(j fnund 
a society "to assist the researches of the future histi^rians of our cnun- 
trv," giving to it as a nucleus his uw n private library of about three thou- 
sand volumes. In J.anuary. \S]->. he lirst disclosed his jilan to the Rev. 
Dr. Pancnift. and \')r. < iliver Fiske. During the spring and summer the 
details were ])erfected. and i )n ( )ct. I'Jlh. a petition was presented tu the 
Legislature, si,gned b\- Isaiah Th(ima>. \\'illi.-im Paine, Le\-i Lincoln, 
Nathaniel Paine, Aaron i'.ancroft, and Edward Rangs, In ( )ctober the 
bill was passed, and im Nov. IKth, the society was organized at the Ex- 
change CotTee House, in P.(jst(.in. Mr. Thomas was elected its hrst ju'cs- 
ident and held the office until his death. 

Mr. Thomas lived on Court Hill, on the spot now occupied b\- the 
southerlv wing of the Court House. The house stood only a short dis- 
tance back from the street, and had a higli and rather elabo.rate fence 
before it. To the north of the house was his early jirinting office, a 
small, scpiare one-story building which later was occupied by his coach- 
man. P.etween his of^ce and the Court House a narrow lane or foot- 
path led up the hill to some little cotta.ges. which seemed to lielong to the 
estate. There were stables and (ither ontlniildings and a large garden 
and orchard. 

A most public-spirited citizen. Mr. Thomas gave lil)erally. not only 
to pri\-ate charities, but to e\"ery local public work. He gave the land 
upon which the Court House was built in isoi. and personally sujiervised 
its erection and the laying out of the grounds about it. He laid out and 
gave to the town the street that liears his name, and a lot upon it for a 
school-house. He contrilnited largely, both in money and in time, to the 
enlarg<-ment of Lincoln Square and the Iniilding of the stone bridge 
there: he was one of the founders and one of the most substantial sup- 
porters of the Second Parish. He was a member of many of the learned 
societies of the country, including the historical societies of iMassachu- 
setts and New York. In 1S14 he received the degree of Master of Arts 
from Dartmouth College, and in b^ps that of Doctor of Laws from 
Alle"-han\- College. He was a prominent Ma-on. and was at one time 



248 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

grand master of the Massachusetts (jrand Lodge. From February, 
181"^. to June, 1814, he was cjne of the justices of the Court of Sessions. 

Ciovernor Lincohi said of him: "With a strong and vigorous mind 
and a cultivate intellect, enterprise, energy and industry in early life 
gave him wealth, and possessed of this he lived in courtly style, and with 
beneficent liberality. He was the first of the town to keep a carriage, 
and had his colored coachman in livery. In his person he was tall and 
slender, stooping somewhat in his gait. His address was courteous, his 
con\ersation frank, but something conventional and his attention to 
a])pearance and dress was singularly precise and studied." 

Mr. Thoiuas was buried in the plain but massive granite tomb he had 
l)uilt in the old Mechanics street burying ground. When this was 
destroyed in 187". the tomb was rebuilt in the Rural cemetery, and 
the remains of Mr. riionias were placed there with Masonic ceremonies, 
in the presence of the niemliers of the family, of the city government and 
of the American Anticpiarian Societv. (Abstract from B. T. Hill's 
article, Wor. Mag., 1901). 

Thornton. — |ames Thdrntun, Sccjtch-lrish, bought land here of Wil- 
liam Jennison, June "J"), \','.W. and of James Glasford. Jan. 1733-4. He 
was a weaver by trade (ii. v.). He did not remain long. He was asso- 
ciated with Robert Pebbles in the purchase of Pelham (Lisburn origin- 
ally) and went there early. 

The Thornton Genealogy is authority fur the statement that 
the family went originally from luigland to Ireland. Robert Thorn- 
ton was mayor of Londonderrx'. Ireland, as early as 1641. William 
Thornton, founder of a l)ranch of the Tiiorntons in L'lster. came from 
^'orkshire. 

James Thornton came with the first Scotch-lri>h in 1718; may have 
gone first to Wiscasset, Me., but soon settletl here at Tatnuck. He 
deeded land here Feb. 14, 1739, the deed being signed by wife Ketira. 
He lived in Pelham until 1748. afterwards in Londonderry, N. H., until 
he d. Ncn-. 7. i;."il. Children: James and Andrew were grantees of 
Thornton, N. 11.; Mathevv, mentioned below; Agnes m. Thomas Was- 
son. rem. to Amsterdam, N. Y. ; William, res. at Pelham, Palmer and 
Dublin, N. H.; Samuel, res. Compton, N. H., and Canada; Hannah m. 
William Wallace of Londonderry ; Esther m. James Ferguson of Pelham. 

James Thornton, it is said, was b. in 1685 and remembered the siege 
of Londonderry. The home of the family was at Carn Hill, a mile from 
the city of Londonderry. 

Thornton, Mathew. (James) signer of the Declaration of Inde- 
j)endence, was b. in Ireland in 1714; came here in 1718; was educated 
in the Worcester schools and became a physician. He was in Pep- 
perell's ex])edition in 174.3 as a surgeon; presided over the N. H. Pro- 
vincial convention of 1775; was delegate to Congress in 1776, 
but soon resigned; signed the Declaration for N. H.; chief justice of 
the county court of Hillsboro and later chief justice of the Supreme 
Court of the state of N. H.; served in both branches of the legislature 
and in the council in 1785; died at Newburyport, June 2-i, 1803, buried 
at Thornton's Ferrv, N. H.. where a monument was erected in 189"-i. 
He m. Hannah Jack, who died Dec. 5, 1786. Children : James, Andrew, 
Marw Hannah and Mathew. 

Thorp. — loseph Thorp of Roxlniry bought land here of Joshua Bar- 
nard. Ian. 6. 1773; settled here and bv wife Mary, had Reuben, ba])t. 
Sept. iii, 1773; Lydia, ba])t. Jan. 'i'i, 1775. 



.-iXD ITS PEOPLE 249 



Thurston. — Joseph Thurston of .Mcdticld, weaver, bought hind here 
of Abraham Wheeler. Sept. 13, ITtiT, but apparently did not settle here. 

Tomlin. — The Tondin family lived in Shrewsbury and Westborough 
(See \\ anr> Shrewsbury hist, p. 4.'i:;). Sarah Tomlin, wid. and exx. 
of John Street, mariner, sued the estate of Julin Wing of Boston in the 
hands of Robert Wing et al. Sept. "1, lllti. Land conveyed in Wor- 
cester. 

Townsend. — Townsend, Flenjamin (ancestry not traced), was of 
Boston, Xo\-. 1;, li:v.', when he bought land of Gershom Keyes in Brook- 
field. Benjamin Townsend by wife .Susanna had a son Jijshua, b. here 
.Aug. Ki, ^';•i(\. Benjamin Townsend of Brooktield bought land at Wor. 
July 1">, ]"'<;!», of Aloses Leonard. 

Benjamin Townsend, trader, of Wor. snld to William Jennison of 
.Sudbury, land here, Nov. ■.':!, K"<;."i. 

Benjamin Townsend of Wor., perhaps son of Joshua 1 (jwnsend, 
was b. in Boston, ITOO, died in Lancaster, Jan. ■.'(), 1 liK), in HOth yr. ; wife 
Eliza d. at Lancaster Fel). S, 17)(», in TCth yr. 

Tracy. — Of George Tracy who ni. here, April !», K-Vl, Klizaheth 
Hull, nothing further is known. 

Tracy, William- (William'), d. Sept. '.'O, bs:;:i. By wife .\zubah he 
had recorded here: Lucinda, 1). June IS, nsvJ; .Anna, b. at Lxbridge, 
Aug. S, 17.s:i; Tames, 1). Sept. -.^1). l":.s4 : Sallv, 1). Sejit. 24, nsC; William, 
1). ^Lar. •>•.'. nsS; Jesse, b. .\ug. :, i:!il : Lucy, b. Mar. .'), Gli'.t. ur n!i:>. 
r-"amil\- left town soon afterward. 

Tracw Thomas- (William'), d. here, June T2. lisiio. He was a sol- 
dier from this town in G^S and I Gil in R. L camiiaigns. Children by 
wife ALarv, b. here: Jack, b. |ulv ]i. G80: Polly, b. May G G84; 
Nancv, b.' Mav G, G8(G lohn, b. ALar. 4, G\SS; Betsey, b. .\pril 5, 
ITIH);' Lefe, b. Sept. 11, ITSf/: Nabby, b. Feb. 2.S, G9; ; Thomas, b. Mar. 
3, lT!t!»: William, b. Dec. -.'(i, 1803: 'Lewis, b. .Aug. 31. 18()(i. 

Treadwell. — Major William Treadwell came here when a young 
man, doulitless from Ipswich, the old hcmie of the Treadwells. He was 
])rf)bablv the William, son of Jal)ez, b.apt. there Jan. 14, G4!)-."i(). He was 
I)orn in G."iO and died here .\pril Id, GiKi, aged 4(i yrs. (g. s.). His 
eiiitai)h reads: "He entered the arm}- in G--|.") and devoted his whole 
time to the service of his country until the lnde])endence of .America 
was secured, he ever courted the field of battle &• his military ardour and 
hraverv was indisputable." He was a member of Capt. Timothy Bige- 
low's Co., Aj)ril lit, IG-"), and later in the year was 2d lieut. in Col. 
Thomas Crafts's regt. of artillery. He was chosen first captain of the 
Worcester Artillery, formed in G83. He was a charter niemlier of the 
Society of the Cincinnati. 

Lincoln savs: "Alaj. \\"illiam Treadwell one of the most gallant of 
the officers of the army of the Revolution, entered the service at an 
early age and was distinguished for lion-hearted courage. He had an 
enthusiastic love of danger. Twice, when his own division was at rest, 
he obtained leave of alisence and joined another corps on the eve of bat- 
tle. While the shot of the enemy struck around him, the testimony 
of a contemporary states he would consider with the most deliberate cool- 
ness the direction of his own guns, look over the sights to give the best 
aim, and after the discharge, spring ujton the cannon to see the effect. 
He retired with honorable scars and rank, to a condition of poverty that 
drove him to desi)air, and died broken-hearted." 

His widow Mary was apjjointed adm.x., July l"i, G'.)."). Heirs men- 



250 HISTORY or WORCESTER 

tioncd in probate records: Abigail, Elizabeth, Lucy, Mary. Xancy, 
Samuel, Thomas and Mary. After his death the family left town. Chil- 
dren, b. here, by wife Mary: Lucy, b. Dec. !>. 1777; Mary. b. Oct. 11. 
1780; Samuel, baiJt. Nov! l(i. 178;J; Elizabeth, bapt. Oct. 30. 1785; 
Elizabeth, bapt. Nov. ■.'•<;. i;8(i; 'J'homas. bapt. March 'i. 178ii; Samuel, 
b. .Vpril -l-i. 17'.n ; .\l)igail and Xancy. b. Jan. !). 17!):i. 

Trowbridge. — Thomas' Trowbridge, b. in Eng.. a merchant; set- 
tled in Dorchester before 1(;;57 ; rem. to Pxiston and finally before 1647, 
to New Haven, Ct. 

Trowbridge. James'- (Thomas'), bajjt. 1(>.')7-S; m. ( 1 ) Margaret .\th- 
erttni, dau. of Lien. Humphrey. Dec. oO. Ki.^S ; m. CD Margaret Jack- 
son. He rem. from Dorchester to Newton in l(i(i4; was clerk of the 
writs ; lieut. ; deptity. 

Trcnvbridge, Dea. William" (James-. Thomas'), b. Xov. 10, KiSi, in 
Newton, d. Nov. 10. 1744: m. (1) Sarah Ward. dau. of John. Dec. 14, 
1708; she died. June 1, K'^O, and he m. CI) ALay ;5(). 17^1. Sarah Ful- 
liani. dau. (if Francis. .She d. Sejit. 10. 1787. aged 8:5 y. He was select- 
man, lieut. and deputy. 

Trowbridge. James"" (William-'. James-. Thomas'). 1). 1717. d. here 
July -^1, 180(), in OOth yr. He m. ( 1 ) 1740. Jerusha Park, who d. .\pril 2(i, 
175(;, in Wor. ; m. Ci) here. Jan. 11. i;")7, Mary Kelley: m. (;3) here. 
June 2'i. 17 70. Lydia Ward. His son William was appointed admr., 
Nov. 22, 1800. Children born here: William b. Julv 10, 1741, d. July 
7, 1748; Sarah, b. Jan. 7, 1743, ni. Nov. 7. 17().-). Wil'liam Ward; :\rary. 

b. Feb. 25, 17-15, m. Snow; .\bigail. b. Oct. 12. 1747. m. — 

Parks: William, b. Mar. 20. 1751; Lvdia. b. .\\n-\\ 7. 1751. m. Dec. 0. 
17r;3, William ivirr Jr. of Chesterfield'. N. H.; James, b. i;5(i: Dully, 
bapt. Oct. 13, 17(i5. m. Mossman of Stratton. \'t. . 

Trowl^ridge. Dea. William'' (James'', Willianr', James-. Thomas'), 
b. here Mar. 20. 1751; d. here Sept. 30, 17'!:!. Whe'n 1 (i years old he 
was in Capt. Timothy Bigelow's Co. .'Vj^ril 1!', 1775 on the Lex. alarm; 
later in Capt. Jonas Hubbard's Co. and a private in Col. Crafts's regt. 
of artillery. He was, late in life, a pensioner. He was deacon of the 
.Second church, 1807 to .1827. His uncle Edmund Trowbridge was 
chief justice of Mass. IK- m. (1) Dec. 12, !77(), Sarah Rice, who d. 
here. July 5, 1787 (g. s.); ni. (2) (Jet. N. 1780. .^chsah Hersey, who d. 
here Nov. 13, 1817, aged 88 y. His will dated .Apr. 14. 1832, filed Dec. 
3, 1833. l)e<|. to wife .Achsah and children — Judith Bigelow, (wife of 
Walter); (wife of Alpheus Merrifield); William Jr.; James; Achsah 
(wife of Lewis Chapin); fluldah, (wife of Halsey Ripley); Beu- 
lah Clement (deceased). Children, b. here: Judith. Xo\-. 18. 1777, 
m. Nov. 19, 17!)!). Walter Bigelow: Sarah, b. Oct. 15. 1780. m. Oct. 6, 
1808. Hugh Wilson; Mary (Polly), b. May 31, 1783, m. Nov. 13, 1804, 
Alpheus Merrilield (q. v.)'; Benl'ah. b. July 12. 1787, m. Sept. 24, 1807, 
Moses Clement Jr.; William, b. Oct. l(j,"l7!IO, m. Nov. 20, 1812, Dorothy 
Chapin; James, b. Feb. 10, 1792; Elijah H.. b. Apr. 20. 1794; Achsah, 
b. June 3, 1791!. m. Dec. 14. 1814. Lewis Chaiiin ; Huldah. b. f^ct. 10, 
1798, m. Fel).. 1828, Halsey Ripley; lived at Lyndon. \'t. 

Turell. — Daniel Turell of Boston deeded hind here to John \\ ing 
of Boston. Oct. 25. 1()8(); of him there is no further record. 

Tucker. — lienjamin Tucker-, son of Benjamin', was b. at Leicester 
Jan. 23, 1734, and died here Sept. 13, 1806. Wall says he took part in 
the Boston Tea Party. His father was one of the founders of Leicester, 
descendant of the immigrant Robert of Milton. Martha Tnckson wife 



AND ITS PEOPLE 251 

of J^)cniainin-. was li. at Ivoxlniry Dec. -^'S, 1 ;:!(). <1. lu-n- Xi.v. :!. IS-.'O. 
(ij. s. ) 'I'lu-ir scui Icliahod. 111. Esther Arne. 

'I ucker, ICnos' ( ISeiijaniiii-, Benjaniiii' ). 1). li<>(l; il, here, |une 14, 
\s-l->.. Ill- \s;is ;i liarness maker. He ami his wile were ch.ai'ter mem- 
liers lit the h'irst I'.aptist Church ami he w.as ;i iiieinl)er nf the hrst 
huildin;^- ctiinniittee. His wife Alary <1. July 10, 1 S.'i I , in her S.'Jd vr. 
His (laughter .Mary d. J.an. I-'), ISll, ai^ed :!' yrs. (g. s.). Children, b. 
hvw: Isaac, li. .\(iv. C, KiCi; lietsev. h. .\u.g. ■.'(!,' i:!)i: lienj.aniin, h. 
Mar. S, IS(li); .M;iry, 1). Dec. T-\. l,s();,d. |an. l-i ISll. 

Turner, — .Mex.mder Turner was son-in-law of .Alexander AlcCon- 
key, wIkj iK'eded to him Laud here, where AIcL'()nke\- then li\-ed, Feb. 
■-1. i;-!4-">. He bdug-ht hind here (jf James How of ."^v ., .Vov, iil). 
H-'L He w.as evidentlv ."-ci itch-lrish, remo\ iiig- with others of his 
t.amil)- to relham, of which he was one the founders. l'>\- wife Marv 
(.Mc( Unkey) he had here: William, b. M ;ir. 10. i;:;i: lames, b. Dec. •.', 
]b'!."i, m. after .g-oing- to I'ldh.im. .Susannah Thomas of this town, .\pril 
1, HOD; .\ndrew, b. July '.'."i, i;.;;, m. I'"eb. C, lid.;, iu Amherst, (She 
was then of I'tdh.im; the marriage record is in W'or.). 

Tyng. — Jonathan Tyng, one of the founders, li\'ed in Woburn, 
and did not settle here permanently. He sold land in this town. Inly 1'.', 
1 ; 1 i. to Jospeh L'rosby of Piillerica. 

Usher. — Bridget Csher, widow, of l',o>ton, deeded land here, fan, 
■^4. IT'i(i, to Joshua Rice of Alarlborongh, 

Upham. — John I'phani, b. Eng., came with family in l(;:!."i and 
settled in W'eymtjuth, m.agistrate and selectm.an, deputv: rem. to Mai- 
den: c(nnmissi(.nier, moderator, deacon, d. I'eb. -.'.'i, HiSb aet, S4. 

I'pham, Et, Phineas- (J(^hn'), b. li;:;.'.: was one of the grantees of 
Qninsigamond, Wu'i, and lived here for a sh.ort time: lieul. in K. P. 
War. mortally wounded jn the Swamp Fight: m. Ruth Wood, wid. of 
Edward: she d. Jan. I.s, ii;!i(;-; : Ik- d. ( let . Kiitl. Roger V. Cp'ham and 
otho^rs of the name in this citv were descend.ants. 

Vining. — I'olh' X'ining, n;iti\e of W euham, Mass., d. lu-re ( )ct lo 
184(1, aet. S; y. 

Wagner. — Johan Jacob Wagner, one of the Hessian prisoners of 
war here during the K'e\ ( dution. several, of wdiom had their wives 
with the!n, was in Col. \4,n Hesesen Gagerhors|)er's Regt. Children, 
b. here: John I<"rederick Rudolph, b. May IU, I ; bs. and Xa'th.anitd Paine! 
b. Alar, i",', 1 bsi;. The record shows that Air. Paine had one ardent 
friend and admirer and tb.at the Wagners stayed here after jieace was 
declared. 

Wagner. Herman, perhaps brother (.f Johan | , was also a Hessian 
soldier and had here b\ wife Alaria: C atharina Elizal-etha b \(i\- 1.". 

i;;s 

Walker. — William' Walker "of Eonisburg on the Island of Cape 
P.ret<in. a sergeant in (lov. Shirley's regiment there," bought land in 
Worcester of Cornelius Waldo. Alay .""1, lldb He settled in Worcester 
upon his return, .and may have lieen here earlier. He gave land to 
his son John W.alker, Xov. I). i:."r.'. None of his children are recorded 
here, however. His will was datecl .\rav v^(;, and proved fune Ki. 
1700. be<|. to wife Alary and chililren — John. Joseph, Adam. Isabel 
Quigley, Nancy, Mary. He owned hand" at Tatntick. Afentions in 
ivill also "brother Eaucelot Oliver." 

Walker, Josei)lr (William') was a soldier in the Revolution, and 
was a pensioner. He died. Jan. .s. Es.V<! ; children— Eovell : P.'etsev 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



McFarland: S_\niond (?) ; Phinehas : Dexter: Mehitable Eames ; Emily 
Keith: Joseph. He was from Hopkinton. 

Walker, Joseph* (Joseph-, WilliamM, m. Asenath, who died here, 
Mar. 23, 1842; administration granted to Thomas B. Eaton, Aug. 9, 
1826, on the estate of Joseph. Children. 1). here: Mary and William, 
b. Sept. 18, 1782; George, b. Apr. 23, 1185 ; John, bapt. July 2, 1T86; 
Tohn. b. Nov. 18, 1T87 ; Hannah, b. Sept. 15, 1790; Samue"l, b. May 29, 
1T93, d. Nov. 30, 1793; Joseph, b. Mar. .'), 1797; Samuel, b. Sept. 13, 
i:99: Daniel, Dec. 2, 1801: Levi Johnson, d. Jan. 1804. 

Walker, Capt. John- (William'), was a Loyalist and at the time 
of the Lexington Alarm left town and was declared an absentee. The 
probate records give an account of the commissioners who took charge 
of his estate, which was large. His wife Christina remained here and 
died here in 1791. Her will dated July 30, proved Oct. 4, 1791, beq. 
to granddaughter Rosina Walker, niece Anna Brooks, commonly call- 
ed .-Xnna Walker. Children: b. here: George and William, bapt. 
July 7, 17J4 (soldiers in the Rev.) : Katharine, bapt. May ti, 1759. 

Walker, John' (John-, WilliamM. m. here Aug. 7, 177fi, Mary 
Willard and had here: W'illiam, bapt. July 12, 1778; John, bapt. May 2, 
17 79: Katherine, bapt. March 25, 1781; Robert, bapt. Nov. 9, 1788." 

Walker, Adam- (WilliamM was of "the gentlemen who were driven 
from their habitations in the country to the town of Boston." He 
signed the loval address to Gen. Gates on his departure for England in 
the fall of 1775. His first wife Mary d. Dec. 13, 1758, aged 22 y. He 
m. (2) Rosanna McFadden, Jan. 31, 17(50. Her thirds were set off 
in 1781, William Dawes, agent. The rest of his estate was confiscated. 
The accounts are to be seen in the Worcester probate records. Child 
by 1st wife: John, b. Sept. 27, 1756. Children bv 2d wife: Eleanor, b. 
.Sept. 6, 1762; Mary b. Sept. 2, 1770. 

Walker, Cato (colored), took his name from the Walker family 
who owned him. In 1784 the selectmen were instructed to buy him 
an anvil and lend it to him. He m. (1) Nov. 24, 17^1, Dido Chandler; 
(2) Feb. 26, 1778, Prudence Williams; (3) Jan. 22, 1783, Dinah Knee- 
land, alias Nealon, of Sudburv. Child, b. here: Cato, bapt. Nov. 14, 
177!i. 

Walkup. — George' Walkup, early in Reading, came to Framingham 
in 168l». 

Walkup, George'- (GeorgeM. m. Hannah: was a ranger, enemy of 
Indians, lived a secluded life in a cave on Nobscot Hill. 

Walkup, George'' (Geo.-, Geo.M d. Nov. 3, 1748: m. .-Xjjril 29, 1725, 
-Sarah Graves. 

Walkup, George'' (Geo.^, Geo.-, Geo.'), b. Apr. 30, 1727, drum 
major in F. & I. W'ar; rem. to Colrain ; m. Nov. 27, 1759, Jemima 
Verry of this town. The Wor. records give the birth of Mary, daughter 
of widow Jemima, Dec. 5, 1762. 

Waldo. — Cornelius' W'aldo, b. in Eng. about 1624, d. in Chelmsford, 
Jan. 3, 1700-1 (g. s. at Chelmsford), was of Ipswich 1655 and probably 
earlier and in 1664 owned part of Plum Island. He m. before Jan. 
2, 1661, Hannah Cogswell, dau. of John and Elizabeth (Thompson). 
He rem. to C helmsford about 1665 and was one of the founders of that 
town; selectman in 1678 and 1698; kept a tavern at Chelmsford. She 
was born in England in 1624 and d. Dec. 25, 1704 at Charlestown. 

W^aldo, Cornelius' (Cornelius') b. about 1655. He served in the 
Indian War 1676: settled at Dunstable: deacon: rejiresentative 16,S!)-90. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



■^5i 



He rem. to Boston about Jii'.tO: <1. in \*i'.>: (jr i-arlier. He ni. about 11383 
Mrs. Faith (Peck) Jackson dan. of Thomas and Ehzalieth Peck of 
Boston and widow of Jeremiah Jackson. After his death his widow 
kept a shop in Boston and a tavern on Congress St., then Leverett. 
Her will was dated Mar. l".'. I Mo. proved Nov. U, 1:32. Children: 
Cornelius and Jonathan, b. Nov. i;, ViSi: Elizabeth, b. Jan. 7. KWG. 
ni. John Waldo'; Rachel, b. .\pr. ■,'<>. Kl'.ii). n,. jdhn 1 )urant ; Judith, b. 
Tan. 'I't. ItiDl, ni. Edward Uurant. 

Waldo, Cornelius' (Cornelius-. Cornelius'), b. Xov. K. KJS4. at Dun- 
stable, bapt. l(i!'-2. in Boston: d. at P)Oston. June 4. i:.Vv\ was a mer- 
chant in Boston, a partner of John (julton. and both were early proprie- 
tors of Worcester. The firm was dissolved and in ]':34 he was in partner- 
shij) with his cousin Samuel Waldo for a short time, but in l';3T he was in 
business alone and so continued till shortly before his death. In comiiany 
with his uncle Jonathan Waldr,. Thomas Palmer and John Oulton he 
luiULfht larue tracts of land in Worcester and elsewhere in the province. 




<a 






Old Central Exchange and Waldo Mansion. The latter where Mechanics Hall now 
stands, moved hack and tor many year.s the "Waldo House" (Hotel) on Waldo St. 

He and wife Faith sold the farm of Capt. John Wing here, June 11). 
1T-2,S, to Jonathan XN'aldo for l.DOi) pounds. It does not appear that he 
ever lived here, though he owned a house at the corner of Alain and 
Mechanic streets, afterwards occupied by his son Cornelius. 173S-4S. 
He m. Faith Savage, dan. of Thos. and Elizabeth (Scottow) Savage. 
Thev had nine children. 

"Waldo, DanieP (Cornelius, Cornelius-, Cornelius'), b. Dct. •.'!», IVil. 
in Boston: d. Dec. 8, 180S here: burieil in Rural Cemetry. He became 
a hardware merchant in Boston and was for a time associated 
with his brother John near the Court House and also with his brother 
Joseph, in King St. In IT^U he rem. to Providence, R. I., but in 1"T 
"he bought land in Lancaster of John Sprague and removed thither. In 
1TS2 he came here and opened a store in Lincoln Sq.. dealing in hard- 
ware, W. I. goods, etc. Soon afterward he took his son Daniel in 
partnership. He built for his store the first brick building in the town, 
where the Elwood Adams hardware store is now located. The firm 



_>54 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



was dissolved, Dec. 31, Kill, the sun continuing the business. In 1786 
he had a narrow escape from death at the hands of a party of Shays' 
insurgents at the Hancock .\rnis. He lived at what is now the corner 
of Lincoln Sq. and Belmont St. and the house, afterward used for a 
hotel, is still standing. His sympathy was said to be with the 'J'ories, 
though nothing tangible is found to support the statement, but he was 
not active in public affairs until after the war. People of his day listed 
him as an aristocrat and it is believed that he was the first in town to 
own a one-horse chaise. In Boston he was elected warden in 1763; was 
overseer of the poor 1771-76 and held minor offices from time to time. 
He was the first president of the Worcester liank, incorporated March 
7, 1S()4, and was succeeded next year in that office by his son Daniel. 

He was a member of the First Church, Boston, and his children 
were all baptized there. 

The Spy said of him at the time of his death: "His life was devoted 
to useful pursuits, to the culture of his reason, the discipline of his 
jjassions, and to the confirmatic^n of habits of piety and Christian vir- 
tue. -Ml who were conversant with Mr. Waldo in busy life will bear 
testimony that integrity ever marked his conduct. .A.s a merchant he 
was intelligent, correct and liljeral, as a man, in his social relations he 
fulfilled all which justice could demand or benevolence dictate ; as a 
citizen, he was distinguished for patriotism, for. an ardent and glowing 
zeal for his country's welfare ; as a husband, father and the head of a 
family, his affection, solicitude and care secured the happiness of those 
connected with him; as a Christian, the spirit of his religion dwelt in 
his heart, its services were the delight of his life, and its immortal 
rewards the object of his highest hope and unremitted pursuit." 

His will, dated Dec. ■?7, 1800, proved Jan. 4, 1809, beq. to wife 
Rebecca and children — Martha (wife of Levi Lincoln) ; Elizabeth, Sarah 
and Rebecca; Daniel; and an old servant, Susanna Rlackman. 

He m. May 3, 1757, at Boston, Rebecca Salisbury, daughter of Nich- 
olas and Martha (Saunders) Salisbury of Boston (See Salisbury). She 
was b. in Boston Apr. 7, 1731, d. here, Sept. 5, 1811, and was buried in 
Rural Cemetery. Portraits of Daniel and his wife are preserved with 
those of his father and mother and his lirother John in the Art Museum. 
Children, born in Boston; 1. Joseph, b. .\])ril ••i6, 1758, d. Aug. 25, 1760, 
Boston. •<;. John, born Mav 1, 175!i, d. lulv •.'<!, 175ii. 3. Thomas, liorn 
May 1, 1759, d. May 14, 1759. 4. Daniel, b. June 11, 1760, d. June 13, 
1760. 5. Martha, b. Sept. 14, 1761, m. Levi Lincoln. 6. Daniel, b. Jan. 
W. 1763. 6. Rebecca Elbridge, b. May 1, 1764, d. Nov. 9, 1765. 7. 
Elizabeth, b. Nov. 'i\. 1765, d. Aug. 28, 1845, unm. 8. Sarah, b. Feb. 
22, 1767,. d. ]Mar. 19, 1851, unm., the last surviving descendant, bearing 
the Waldo name in this country of Cornelius (2), (See p. 163, Waldo 
Gen. for an abstract of sermon preached at the time of her death) ; Re- 
becca, b. Sept. 22, 1771, d. June 19, 1840, unm. 

Waldo. Daniel'' (DanieP, Cornelius-', Cornelius'-, Cornelius^), was 
b. at Boston Jan. 20, 1763, d. July 9, 1845, here. He moved to Worcester 
with his father about 1782, and was taken into partnership by his father 
soon after. This partnershi]) was dissolved Dec. 31, 1791, and thereafter 
for nearly thirty years he conducted by himself an extensive hardware 
business, in which he accumulated a large fortune. He was not active 
in politics, but served as state senator 1816-17-18. In 1814 he was a 
member of the famous Hartford convention. He succeeded his father 
as president of the Worcester Bank in (3ct., 1804, and held that office 



JX1> ITS PIlOPLIl 255 

tu the eiul i)f life, a jjeriuil of 41 _\ear?. In is'^s lie was elected tirst 
jiresident of the Worcester County institution for Savings and that office 
he also filled to the time of his death. He was ]iresident of the Worces- 
ter Agricultural Society from IS-^Jd to 1S"^4, and was connected with many 
other local societies and institutions. In l.sdii he luiilt a brick dwelling 
house on Main St. on the site of the present Central Exchange Building 
with quarters in the south room of the first floor of the \\ orcester 
Bank. In l.^'^S he built a stately mansion just south of this building — 
now moved back a short distance and known as the Waldo House. 

"Mr. Waldcj was a true Christian gentleman, catholic in spirit and 
most exemplar}- in manners and morals. He was a munificent pulslic 
!)enefact(jr. charitable to the needy, assisting and encouraging the meri- 
torious and freely and liberally contributing to measures for the instruc- 
tion and improvement of all. The beautiful Rural Cemetery and the 
Central Church (the original building now abandoned, but long known 
as the Waldo church) are proofs of his considerate regard to the wants 
of the community, and were gifts of his liounty, while the distribution by 
will of the l)ulk of his great wealth to beneficent institutions will bear 
witness to his e.xpansive philanthropy."' 

He left in public bequests SK-'!,"it'o. A long and enthusiastic triliute 
to his character was published in the ^lass. Spy, July 'i'.'>, lb4."). He was 
never married. The only rejiresentatives of the line of Cornelius (2) 
now surviving and l)earing the WaUlu patronymic are descendants of 
his uncle, |ose])h, residents of England. His ])ortrait by Harding is 
owned bv the Mass. General Hos])ital. Curiously enough, no \\ aldo 
births api)ear in the Worcester records. 

Wallace. — James' Wallace iWallis) settled here before i;:il, and 
was doubtless of Scotch-Irish ancestry. \*arious branches of the Wal- 
lace family settled in this county, among the first of the Ulster im- 
migrants. Oliver Wallace, jirobably a Ijrotiier, came with him and 
was living here, Xov. 10, K;il, when they bought of William Fenton 
of Rutland oO acres of land in that tnwn. selling it to Samuel l)ix. |an. 
10, K. •!•<!. 

Samuel IJi.x sold t(_) < )li\er and James, land here, Jan. 1 1. \'i'.Vi-'-'>. 

Wallace, James- ( James' ?i, by wife Mar_\- hafl here: James, liapt. 
July ;;, i;."i; ; "Henry, h. Sept. vJ:!, i:."i!i. 

Wallace, William- (James'?), had here by wife Eleanor: Eliza- 
])eth, I). Sejn. S, i;40, m. -Aug. 10, 1 ;.")", David Cunningham: Eleanor, b. 
Dec. ■;, 1:41--.^: Sarah, b. ".Mav Hi, i:44: Henoni William, b. June 
■i^\. 1:4."). 

Wallace, Elizabeth, m. here Dec. 1, i;4S, William Little of Lunen- 
burg. Xathan Hevwood tif Lunenburg deeded land here to W illiam 
Wallis of Stow, Xov. 1"), K'^JS. 

Ward. — William' Ward, b. in Eng., li;o;i, settled 
earl\- as \u:V.) ; was deputy, town officer and magistrate; 
borough; d. Aug. 10, IH.s;. Will, bec[. to wife Elizabeth. 

\\'ard, Richard- (William'), m. ^lary Moore, dau. of 
abeth, Se})t. S, KUiL He was drowned in the Sudbury 1 
1766, and his widow m. {t) Daniel How. 

Ward, Obadiah'' (Richard-, Wm.'), b. Dec. lo, l(iH:i, 
founders of this town. He came with his brother-in-law John Maynard 
and sister Lydia in 1710; cleared a farm and erected a sawmill here on 
the site occupied later by the old Red ^lills (j). 'i'A Ward Gen.). He d. 
here Dec. 17, 1717, leaving a will dated the same day. He m., Dec. 20, 



in Sudburv as 


rem. 


to 


Marl- 


|i>hn 


anc 


i Eliz- 


Ri\er, 


.M 


ar. :)1, 


was c 


me 


of the 



256 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

1693. Joanna Harrington. After his death, she was living in Sudbury 
and Fraininghani. In June and July. V^'H. she deeded various lots of 
land here to her sons Obadiah, Daniel, Uriah and Isaac, and to James 
Rice. Children: Richard, b. 1694, m. Lydia Wheelock: Obadiah. b. 
1695, was of Sudbury 1T21-2 when David Haynes deeded to him land 
here "for love of Tabitha," his wife; Hannah, b. 1696, m. Daniel Hey- 
wood; Daniel; Diminoda, b. Nov. -26, 1702; Uriah, b. Dec. 3, 1T04, slain 
by Indians at Rutland Aug. 3, 1724; Sarah; Isaac, b. Mar., 1707, m. Sybil 
Moore; Thankful, b. Feb. 15, 171'i, m. Jonas Fansworth. 

Ward, Richard* (Obadiah', Richard". \Villiam\), d. in Holden in 
1756, intestate. He sold land here, June 15. 1730. to William Hutchin- 
son, his wife Lydia joining him in the deed; to Matthew Gray, F'eb. 14, 
1723-4, and to Stephen Minot of Boston, Jan. 15, 1730. He bought land 
here of Matthew Grav, Feb. 17, 1723-4. He m. Lydia Wheelock. Jan. 
1, 1718-9, in Sudbury! She m. (2) May 4. 1763, Aaron Hardy. Chil- 
dren, b. here: Jonas, b. Jan. 21. 1720, m. Abigail Child; Lvdia. b. Feb. 
25, 1721-2, ni. Thomas Dryden : Sibbil, b. Dec. 26. 1722; 'Miriam and 
Aaron, b. Apr. 6, 1725; David and Jonathan, b. Dec. 12. 1727. 

Ward, Jonas^ (Richard^, Obadiah', Richard-, W'm.M, was b. here, 
Jan. 21, 1720. He m. (1) Abigail Child of Newton; m. (2) Sarah Draper 
Dec. 1, 1765. He lived in Worcester in 1744, Shrewsbury, 1759, and in 
Sutton. His will was dated Nov. 9, 1791, proved Oct. 2', 1792. He d. 
Sept., 1792. Children, b. here: Jonas, m. Levina Glazier: John. b. 
June 13, 1744; d. y. ; John. b. June 10. 1746, m. Mindwell Harrington; 
Abigail, b. June 10. 1748, m. Simeon Keyes ; Elizabeth (d. y. I and 
Catherine, b. July 9, 1751, m. Thos. Clark; Betty, b. June 6, 1753, m. 
William Harvey; Dolly, b. Aug. 1, 1755, m. John Hall; Rutus, b. Jan. 
6, 1759, rem. to N. Y. ; Thaddeus. b. Sept. 22. 1761. d. here; Lucretia. b. 
Aug. 16, 1764. m. Daniel Hubbard; Daniel, b. Sept. 14. 17()9. m. Polly 
Rawson ; Sarah, b. June 19. 1771. d. y. ; Sarah, b. March 21. 1774, rem. 
to \'t. ; Polly, m. Isaac Rawson of Uxbridge. rem. to Sutton. N. H. 

Ward, (3badiah* (Obadiah-'. Richard-, Wm.M. b. 1695; m. Eunice 

and had here: Uriah, b. Oct. 25. 1724: Peter, b. Sept. 13. 1726; 

Levina, b. Apr. 18, 1727; Eunice, b. Aug. 7. 1734. Did he also m. 
Tabitha Haynes before 1722? 

Ward, Capt. Daniel* (Oi:)adiah\ Richard". Wm.*). b. 1(>99. d. here. 
May 21, 1777, in his 77th yr. His wife Sarah d. here. Nov. 1, 1730, and 
he m. (2) Feb. 20, 1732-3, Mary (Stone) Coggin, wid. of Henry Coggin, 
and dau. of Nathaniel Stone. He was ancestor of Gen. George H. Ward 
of this citv and of Gen. Artemas Ward of .Shrewsburv. Children, b. 
here: Henry, b. Jan. 2, 1:26-7: William, b. Sept. 27. 1728. d. y. ; 
Phineas. b. Oct. 12, 1729; Mary. b. Nov. 8. 1735, m. Samuel Curtis, 
grandfather of Albert (see biographv). Bv 2d wife: William, b. Nov. 
20, 1733; Azubah, b. Oct. 30. 1737 ;' Samuel, h. Sept. 25, 1739; Daniel, 
b. July 26, 1741. m. Damaris Stevens; Sarah, b. 1743. m. Thomas Baker; 
Uriah, b. Dec. 8, 1745; Asa, b. Feb. 17. 1747-8; Esther, b. Mar. 7. 1750-1, 
m. Josiah Ball. 

Ward, Henrv^ (Danl.*, Obadiah^, Richard-. Wm.M, b. here. Tan. 2, 
1726-7, d. 1769 ; m. Jan. 2. 1752. Lydia Mower, who m. (2) June 22. 1779, 
James Trowbridge. Children, b. here: Lydia, b. Mar. 4, 1754, m. John 
Ball; Elizabeth, bapt. Tan. 18. 1756; Mary. b. Apr. 1, 1757; Abigail, b. 
Apr. 25. 1759; Elizabeth, b. Jan. 29, 176l'; Lucretia, b. Sept. 11, 1762; 
Henry, b. Aug. 16, 1764, m. Priscilla Bixby ; Samuel, h. Sept. 'Hi, 1766; 
Azubah, b. Aug. 11, 1768. m. William Parker. 



AXD ITS PEOPLE _,-^ 



"Ward, Phineas"' (Daril.*, Obadiair', Rich.-, Wm.'j, b. here, Oct. Vi. 
i:2!»; d. Nov. -H). 1808, aged ?9 yrs. (g. s.). He was in Capt. Timothy 
Higelow's Lu. April 19, l".j; later in Capt. Jonas Hubbard's Co. in 
i::.-). He ni. 11) Apr. 22. IToS, Eunice Cutting; (2) Mary Harden; 

(:i) Deborah ?. Children, b. here: Phineas. 1). Jan. H, \:':^:i, d. 

Aug. 22, ]::(); .Sarah, b. Feb. T, lT.-)4; Hannah, b. Aug. 17, i:,j.-); Eu- 
nice, b. Dec. :.. !;.-.(;. d. Oct. <;, 1782; Betty, bapt. Dec. 17. 1758; Patty, 
b, Xoy. .5, i:,-)8; Dayid. b. June 11, 1 7(;0 ; Nathaniel, b. Ian. 2!), 17G2; 
•Mary. b. July 22, 17(;4; Xahuni. b. Dec. 11. HO."); Dolly b Sept 17 
ncs; J(,hn, b. .May 21. 17 70. " ^ ■ ' 

Ward, Lieut. Willianr' (DanieP. Ohadiah'. Richards William'), 
b. Xoy. 20, i::!:?. in Wor. ; married 175(j, Elizabeth Moore; (2) Sarah 
Trowbridge, dan. of James, Nov. 7, 17G5. He was a lieut, in the F. & I. 
War. He seryed also in the Rev. Children, b. here, by first wife: Eliz- 
abeth, bapt. Sept. 19, 17.5H, m. William Mitchell. Rv'2d wife: Alolly, 
bapt. .Aug. ;il, ];(;(;, m. Moses Warner; Sarah, b. Apr. 23, 1768, m Eb- 
enezer Huntington; Levi, b. Apr. 27, 1772. rem. to 111.; Daniel.' b. Feb. 
20. i:;4; Trowbridge, b. June 16, 177:. m. Alary Lazell ; William, b. 
May 18, nsi. m. Elizabeth Gove; Artemas, b. lulv 14, 178;i. m. Sally 
Dawes. 

Ward, Capt. Samuel' (DanieP, Obadiah\ Rich.-, Wm.'). b here 
Sept. 2.5, 1739; m. Dolly Chandler, Dec. 26, 1767. She d. at Lancaster 
Dec. 31, 1818. He served in the V. & L War; was a trader at Groton 
a.nd Lancaster; magistrate and deputy; had the Chandler farm on Main 
St. bet. Austin and May Sts. 

Ward. Uriah' (Danl.*. Obadiah-', Rich.-, Wm.'). b. here, Dec. 8, 1745- 
d. at Charlton intestate, 1791; m. Dec. 5, 1767, jemima Harrington.' 
Chddren, b. here: Rebecca, bapt. June 3, 1768; John, bapt. Dec. 3. 1769; 
Daniel, bapt. April 5, 1772; David, bapt. March 17, 1776; Lucy.' bapt.' 
May 10. 1778; William, bapt. June 18, 1780; Lemuel, bapt. ALay'o 1782 

Ward, Asa^ (DanieP, Obadiah\ Rich.-, Wm.'), b. here 'Feb. 17, 
1747-8; d. July 7. 1818. His will dated June 20. proved July 7, 1818. beq' 
to wife Mary, only son Artemas and to Relief Paine, wife of William 
and dau. of deceased son Asa. He was a member of the American 
Political Society and in his house it was organized, Dec. 27, 17 73. He 
was in Capt. Timothy Higelow's Co., .April 19, 1775. He m. Nov. 6. 
1771. Hannah Heywood, who d. here Aug. 24, 1814. aged 78 y. Children' 
b. here: Asa, b. April 19. 1772. d. Oct. 29. 1817, m. Sally' White who 
d. Oct. 31, 1841; Relief, b. Apr. 22, 1774. m. William Paine; Artemas. 
b. May 18, 1776, was registrar of deeds of W. Co., 1821-46, m. Betsy 
Phillips. 

Warden. — Samuel Warden was of Boston; m. there Mar. 30. 17()9, 
Miriam Bell. dau. of Daniel. He d. Dec. 28. 1815. Children: Miriam,' 
.Abigail and Samuel. Wife Miriam d. here Aug. 6, 1797, aet. 51 y. (g. s )' 

Warden, Samuel- (Samuel'), b. Boston Mar. 3, 1775; joiner; ''came 
here and built house at corner of High and Pleasant streets; m. Thomasin 
Harrington; (2) Sally Waters, dau. John and Keziah ; she d. Oct. 3, 
1861. aet. 93 y. Ancestor of William A. Warden, real estate dealer,' 
author of the Warden tS: Davis Gen. (q. v.). 

Warren. — .\sahel Warren m. here Jan. 21. 1771, Maro-aret Snence 
(See). " >= -1 

Waters. — Jcihii Waters and wife Keziah. had here: Molly, h. 
March 21. 175ii: Elizabeth, bapt. July 2. 1758; Martha, bapt. Aiig. 3^ 
1760; .Abigail, bapt. Sept. 5, 1762; John, bapt. Aug. 9, 1767; Sa^rah," 
\V. — 1-17. 



258 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

bapt. Feb. 4, 1770: Ebenezer. bapt. Mar. -^1. 1TT:5: Hannah, hapt. Nov. 

5, 1TT5. 

Weeks. — William Weeks, housewright. and wife Joan, deeded lo 
Isaac Bull, housewright. Jan. 4, l(j8(i. "four house lots" adjoining land of 
Uigory Sargent and Isaac George. 

John Weeks of Marlborough sold land here. May 4, 1T28, to Thomas 
Haggett and, Jan. 20, 1730, to Jonathan Gates of Cambridge. 

The Weeks family did not locate here permanently 

Wellington. — Roger' Wellington, b. in Eng. ; settled in Watertown; 
d. Mar. 11. i(i97-8: m. Mary Palgrave. dau. of Richard. 

Wellington, Benjamin- (Roger'), m. Dec. 7, l(i71. Elizabeth Sweet, 
dau. of Thos. and Isabel. He d. Jan. 8. 17()!i-l(): lived at Wat. 

Wellington. John'- (Benj.% Roger'), b. |ulv 'Hi, ]r)78: d. Nov. :'A). 
17 17; m. May 19. KiOi). Hannah Morse, who m. {2) Daniel Whi.e of 
Lexington. 

Wellington, Ebenezer' (Ji)hn-. Benj.-. Roger'), bai>t. at Wat. .Sept. 
14, 1718; m. May 24. 17:il». -\nnabelle Benjamin. He settled at Wor- 
cester and had here: John. b. Apr. 1. 1741 ; Sarah, b. May 2(i. 1743; An- 
nabelle, b. Nov. 12, 1745; Ebenezer, bapt. May 8. 1748'; Mindwell. b. 
July 22, 1750; Daniel, b. Apr. 24, 1753 (served' in the Rev.); Hanmh. 
bapt. Nov. 2, 1755; David, bapt. July 16, 1758; Mary, bapt. Nov. 8, 1761. 

Wellington, John'' ( Ebenezer^ John'\ Benj.-, Roger'), b. here, 
Apr. 1, 1741 ; m. June 2, 1763, Priscilla Heard of Holden. 

Wellington, David' (Ebenezer'. John'. Benj.-. Roger'). 1). here 
bapt. July l(i. 1758; d. intestate 1793; m. here. Dec. 23. 1782. Patty Cra- 
ford. Children, b. here: William, b. lul\' 1. i;st; llenjamin, 1). -Aug. 
22. 1786; Sarah, b. Mar. (i. 1792. 

Wellington. DanieP (El)enezer^. John'. Fienj.-. Roger'), b. .\pr. 21. 
175;i; m. here, Feb. 7, 1775, Rebecca Putnam. Children, b. here: .Sally, 
bapt. .Sept. 17. 1775; John Putnam, b. Nov. 7. 1777, m. Lavina .Smith, 
1794; Tyler, b. Dec. 4, 1779; Clark, b. July 10. 17 86; Rebecca, b. Ai)ril 
27, 1794; Edmund, b. Jan. 2, 1797; Ebenezer, 1). June 10, 1801. 

Wellington, Tyler" (Daniel'', Ebenezer*, John', Benj.-, Roger'), b. 
here, Dec. 4, 1779; m. here Nov. 12, 1801, Lucretia Gleason, who was 
appointed admx. of his estate, Aug. 8. 1821. They had: Lucretia, b. 
Jan. 4, 1801; Tyler Putnam, b. Nov. 7. 1819. 

Wellington, Ebenezer'^ (Ebenezer*, John', Benj.-, Roger'), b. here, 
bapt. May 8, 1748, m. Nov. 20. 1771. Esther Boyden. His will was dated 
|une 18, 1813, proved Aug. 1, 1815, beq. to wife Esther and children — 
Nahum, Ebenezer, Levi, Esther, Polly. .Sally ; and to children of dau. 
Pollv Kirby. Children, b. here: Ebenezer. b. Mar. 30, 1773, m. Feb. 

6, 1799, Marv Gleason; Esther, b. July 2, 1776; Dollv, b. Feb. 13, 1780; 
Levi, b. Nov! 11, 1782; Molly, bapt. July 24, 1785, and Pollv. bapt. Jan. 8, 
1785; Sarah, b. Nov. 4, 1793; Nahiim, b. Dec. 8, 179(; 

Wesson. — John' Wesson, b. in Eng. 1(530 or 1631. and died about 
1723. He came in 1644, a boy, and settled in Salem; in 1653 removed 
to Reading. One of the founders of the church there He m. Sarah 
Fitch, dau. of Zachariah. 

Wesson, Samuel- (John'), b. at Reading l(i(;5; m. Aug. 29, 1(;.S8, 
Al>igail Fames of Woburn ( Mdlx. rec). 

Wesson, Samuel' (Saml.-. John'.). 1). at Reading in 1690; rem. to 
Framingham in 1707. and m.. May 7, 1711, Martha Haven, dau. of 
Nathaniel. He d. in 1713, and his wid. m. Isaac Cousins of Sherborn. 

Wesson, Jo'in'' (Saml.-', .Saml.-, John'), b. at Framingham, Dec. 1. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 259 

KU: (1. at Grafton. Sept. ;i(), i:.s(;. He settled in the dore between 
W(ir.. draftun and Suttun. lie ni. Kuth Death, b. April ■-'d. nil. dau. 
of John. He bonght of John (jould nine acres in Suttcjn in HI!*, and 
several other tracts in this section, owning land in (irafton, Worcester 
and .Sutton, and what is now Millbury. He was a scddier in the Rev- 
olution in Capt. Jos. Winch's company. ITTT. and at the sin-render of 
BurgoN'ne. He ni. i'i) Aug. '24. \'i'<]. Rebecca Daniel. Children; 1. 
Samutd. 1). July 14. 1741. ".'.Levi. :1. Joel. 4. John. ni. Mehitable l^liot. 
0. Aiiel. li. Silas, soldier in Capt. Tiniothx' lligelow's Co. m'l. killed 
in the attack at Quebec. 

Wesson, Joel'' (John^ Sainl.^. Sanil.-. John'), b. abcmt KbI; ni. May 
23, IT 70. Hannah Bigelow. b. here July 3. 174S. dau. of Joshua and 
Lydia. They lived for a few years in Urookfield. but for the greater 
part of their li\es in this town, where he owned much land. He was a 
juror in \',s:>: on the school committee IT.ST. He was a plow-maker. 
His widow Hannah d. Dec. 2'.). 1829. aged 82 yrs. Children: Huldah, 

ni. ISartlctt. 2. Hannah, m. Lewis Weatherby of Sy. :!. .Mary, 

m. Nov. Ul, I8(IS. Charles Warren. 4. Sewall. 5. Joel Jr.. b. .\pr. T, 
17T5. at Brookheld ; m. Thankful Newton in Sv.. Sej)!. ]'>. IT'.m;. C. Rufus, 

b. i:8(;. 

Joel'' and his brother Levi'^' deeded to their brothers John Jr. and 
Samuel. r)ct. 24. 17T7. certain lands in the Core, the deed giving the 
names of the children of |ohn and Rufus. Joel sold his farm in No. 
Brookfield to his brother John. June 25. 17SI». Joel deeded land to Wil- 
liam of Sutton. 1807. 

Wesson. Rufus" (Joel''. John\ Saml.'\ Saml.-'. John'), h. here about 
17 8*; t)n the homestead in the Gore. He bought the Wesson place near 
Lake Q., ALarch 7. 1814. of Lewis Baird. He was also a plow-maker. 
He was highway surveyor and collector of taxes. 182J; fence viewer. 
1811;: ser\'ed in the Grafton militia company. He m. here. .Sept. 18. 
1808. Betsey Baird. Children: 1. Cornelia, b. Jan. 28, 181'.i, m. H. 
H. Harrington of Sy. (See biography of son, Gilbert H. Harrington). 2. 
AL-irtin. ni. Abigail H. Green of Alarlborough. Jan. (i. 1840: res. Spring- 
field. M. Edwin, b. Dec. 13. 1811; m. NancyH. Harrington. June 10, 
1838; was a mfr. of firearms at Northborough and Hartford. Ct. 4. 
Betsev. b. Jan. 2(1. 1814. m. W. H. H. Conner of Grafton, Oct. 17, 1844. 
5. Rufus jr., b. May 17. 181.5. 6. Charlotte, b. Sept. 3, 1819. 7. Jane. b. 
May 8, 1823. 8. Daniel Baird, b. May 18. 182."). famous mfr. of revolvers, 
of the firm of Smith & Wesson, Springfield (See p. 229 Wor. Co. Me- 
moirs, Vol. I). 9. Franklin, b. Nov. 8, 1828. went to Cal. 18.32; rifle mfr. 
10. Frances, b. Aug. 8. 1830. 

Wesson, Rufus' (Rufus", Joel'. John*. Saml.'-. Saml.-. JohnM. b. here. 
Mav 17. 181.j; was a plow-maker, assisting his father; in 1844 began to 
manufacture shoes in Sy. ; in 1848 established a shoe factory on Front 
St.; rem. to Peoria, 111., in 18.51; began again here in 18.54 on Waldo 
St.; retired in 1870. He m. .Miriam Harrington, July 23, 1810, dau. nf 
Col. Daniel and Zillah of Sy. She d. in Chicago in 1851 He ni. (2) Jen- 
nie (Burtnett) Kendrick of Kenosha, Wis., who d. 185U. He m. (3) 
in 1858. Sojihia Goddard. dau. of Dea. Nathaniel ((|. v.). Children by 1st 
wife: Charlotte Miriam, b. at Sy. April 18. 1845, m. Charles T. Sherer. 
founder of the C. T. Sherer Co. (q. v.). (parents of Joseph 1'. Sherer, 
head of the C. T. Sherer Co. and Mrs. Herbert W. Estabrook). By 3d 
wife: Alfred, b. |ulv 18. 18i;:i. of the Howard-Wesson Co.. engravers 



26o HISTORY Of WORCESTER 



of this city. Walter Gale, b. Oct. 14, l.S(i.'). jjartner of hi.s l)rother, James 
E. Wesson (See biogr.aphy). 

Wesson, Abel'' (John\ SamueT', Saiiil.-. John'), bapt. June 9, 1743; 
d. Nov. 11, 1826. He lived in the Gore. He m. Sarah . Chil- 
dren, b. here: Sarah, b. May 7, 1768; Abel, b. Nov. 10, 1771, m. Jan. 21, 
i::t;!, jemima Mills; Marjory, b. July 9, 1773, 

XVesson, Samuel'' (John^, Samuel'\ Saml.-, fohn'), b. at Sherborn, 
Jul\- 14. 1741 : soldier in the Revolution; d. 177(1; liy wife Rebecca had 
here: .\aron. bapt. Dec. 6, 1772. 

Wetherbee (Witherby, Wetherby). — John' Wetherbee, h. in Eng. 
alniut 1 ().")(), lived in Marlborough and Stow, where he d. in 17 11; m. in 
Marlborough. Sept. 18, 1672, Mary How, b. June IS, 1658, d. June 5, 1684, 
dau. of John and Mary. He m. (2) Lydia Moore. 

Wetherbee, Thomas- (John'), b. Jan. 8, 1687; m. Hannah Wood, 
ancestor of the Shrewsbury branch of the family. 

Wetherbee, Isaac' (Thomas-?, John'), \vas son of Thomas of Eph- 
raim : settled here; d. intestate 1754; his widow declined to administer 
and Capt. Daniel Ward was appointed admr. For four years' service he 
received from Thos. How land here in 17.il. Ry wife Mary he had 
here: Marv. b. Apr. or Sept., 1734; Charles, b. Oct. 31, 1736; Isaac, 
b. Aug. 28,'l738; Graves, b. Feb. 14, 1741-2; Lucy, b. Feb. 12, 1744; 
Philemon, h. :Mar. 18, 1747; Mercy, li. June 11, 1750. 

Wheaton. — The Wheaton famih- wa.s jjrominent earl\- in R. I. Aaron 
Wheaton was here a short time and had by wife Abigail a dau. Abigail, 
bapt. Dec. 20, 1772. Aaron was in the Revolution, credited to Barre. 

Wheeler. — George' Wheeler, b Eng., settled with various other 
Wheeler immigrants at Concord, where he d. 1687. 

Wheeler, Thomas'- (George'), b. at Concord, Jan. 1, 1659, d. there 
Oct. 2, 1734; m. Nov. 13.' 1695. Sarah Davis, b. Mar. 11, 1665-6, d. Aug. 
5, 1728, dau. of Lt. Simon. 

W'heeler, Thomas' (Thos.-, Geo.'), b. at Concord, Aug. 4, 1696, 
came here in 1739 from Acton; deacon Old South, 1748-1769, d. at Hard- 
wick, Jan. 31, 1769; m. (1) Mary Brooks, b. Mar., 1699-1700, in Con- 
cord, d. at Wor. May 18, 1740, dau. of Daniel and Ann (Merriam). He 
m. (2) Susannah , b. Jan. 23, 1702, d. here Sept. 23, 1760. Chil- 
dren, b. at Concord: Thomas, b. Feb. 6, 1729-30; Mary, b. July 7, 
1726; Daniel, b. Apr. 30, 1728; Dr. Charles, b. Feb. 13, 1730-1, d. here 
June 3, 1761, (g. s.). Born at Acton: Amos, b. July 3, 1733; Nathan, 
b. Sei)t. 15, 1735; Sarah, b. Jan. 8, 1736-7 ; Thomas, b. Mar. 22. 1738-9. 

Wheeler, DanieP (Thomas\ Thos.-, Geo.'), b. April 30, 1728; d. 
Tan. 10. 18i:i; m. ( 1 ) Betty Holloway, who d. Mar. 7, 1774, dau. of 
Lt. William. He m. (2) 1775, Mary Cleveland, who d. Dec. 7, 1810. 
He settled here and followed farming until 1761, when he rem. to Hard- 
wick. He vi'as captain of militia, 1771. His will was dated Nov. 21, 
1812. Children, b. here: John, b, Dec. 22, 1756; Marv, b. .\pr. 11, 
1759, m. May 28, 1777. Moses Mandell. 

Wheeler, Amos"* (Thos.", Thos.-, Geo.'), b. at Acton, July, 1733; 
d. at Leicester, Mar. 16, 1820. He m. May 20, 1762, at Leicester, Mary 
Belcher Henshaw, b. in Boston June 20. 1739, d. Oct. 19, 1823, dau. of 
Daniel and Elizabeth (Barr) Henshaw. They lived in Wor. and Lei- 
cester. Children: Amos, b. Aug. 5, 1764, rem. to Hampstead, N. H., m. 
Martha Read of Northbridge, June 2, 1785; Marv Belcher, b. June 1, 
1767; Sarah, b. Feb. 8, 1769; Mary Belcher, b. Dec. 19, 1774; m. Elijah 
Warren; Charlotte, b. Oct. 4, 1778. d. Topsham, Me., Aug. 1, 1870. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 261 



Wheeler, Richard', b in Eng., settled in Dedham : ni. (1) ;it Ded- 
hani. May 4. I(i4i. Elizabeth Turner: ni. d) Sarah Prescotl ; lie was 
slain by Indians Feb. 10, Kirc He ^)\vne(l land and ,i;ni)ds ,it L.incaster 
and Dedham. 

Wheeler, Is.aac' (Rieh;ird'), ni. E.x]ierience Metcalf, whu d. Feb. IS, 
I ;:i()-l, dau. of John and Mar\' ( Chickerinjif ). He was a carpenter: lived 
in Medheld. He was an early pro])riet(jr of this town. He sold land 
here to son Ricliard, Jan. 10, i:-?5-;^. and to lonas Clark of Boston, Dec. 
•-.'S, \:->:). His will was dated Dec. 1, i:l'."i, at Medheld. Children: 
Mary, m. Joseph Boyden ; Ex])erience, m. (1) Joseph Clark, .and ( >' ) 
Daniel Wedge: Richard, Isaac and .Abraham. 

Wheeler, Richard' (Isaac-, Richard'), settled here before KIS, and 
deeded, Oct. 5, i:v!.">, to Jonas Clark of Boston: to Thomas Palmer. 
March Ki, K'.'^-.s: to Cershom Keyes. Jan. 10, IT'^T-.S: to James Fergu- 
son, June '.I, i:;iO. He bought of Keyes land on the south side of the 
Rutland Road, June Vi. KMO. He was a carpenter. By wife .Sarah, he 
hail here: Jonathan, b. June U, \',\X: E.xperience, b'. Mar. 11. IT'^O: 
Richard, b. Feb. -12. 17v!l, enlisted on the W. Indies expedition, lulv. 
i;io: Moses, b. May T, . \:->:\: Isaac, b. Feb. 2(i, i:-24-5. 

Wheeler, .\i)raham- (Isaac-, Rich.'), b. Nov. '.^(i, IToo. d. lu-re Oct. 
•-'0. KSO, came with his brother from Medfield about KIS: succeeded 
to his father's property here: res. I'utnam Lane: sold to [oseph Thurs- 
ton of Medfield, weaver, land here, Sept. ]:i, Kv'T, He m. Hannah 
\\'etherbee, of Marlboro, dau. of Thomas. By wife Hannah he had 
here; Thomas, 1). Sejn. -i-l. 17v;S, (dea. Old South KS:! till he d. Ian. 
K', nil."")): m. (1) Bridget Tavlor, Ci) Marv Craves, (wid.): [abez. b. 
July -.'4, i:;)l : .Miraham, b. July 'i. i;;S.-), m. July 1:5, K.^li, Elizabeth Mil- 
lett of Mendon : Mary, b. Apr. 15, 174:5: m. Thos. Millett, and had three 
children adojited by their uncle Dea. Tht)S. Wheeler 

Wheeler, John (ancestry not traced) of Concord sold land here with 
Benjamin Fletcher, Jacob Taylor and Samuel Woole\- of that town tij 
Henry Lee, June 14, 17 17. 

Wheeler, Rev. Joseph' (Joseph'. ( )ljadiah-, ()badiah'). ( )badiah' 
settled in Concord. Obadiah- Jr. married Elizabeth, daughter of Re- 
solved W'hite. who came in the Mayflower, brother of Peregrine. Rev. 
Joseph, b. 17:5."). graduated from Har\ard at 'it.': ordained minister at 
Harvard, Mass., Dec. K'. 17.V.i; ni;irried 17iil. .Mary Greenleaf. dau. Dr. 
Daniel of Bolton: m. (2) Dolly, widow of Josiah Richardson, who d. 
17S:5: in, (:3) Margaret, widow of Capt. Israel Jennison, daughter of 
Anthoine Sigourney. He left the ministry, July 'i'A, 17(iS. l)y reason of 
illness. He was a delegate to the Worcester convention, Aug. !>, 1774: 
member of the first Provincial Congress, at Salem 1774, and of the third 
at Watertown, May :M, 177."): deputy to the General Court, 17 7"i, There 
is a tradition that he was chaplain to Washington at Cambridge ,ind that 
he was in the battle of Bunker Hill. 

He was Register of Probate for Worcester Count\- from 17 75 to 
17r):5: removed to this town in 1781, and lived opposite the court house. 
Children, b. at Harvard, except the youngest, by first wife : 1. Elizabeth, 
b. Dec. :51, 17(n, d. July is. 17S-2. •/. .Mary, b. Apr. 7, 17lj;.S, d. ni Jamaica, 
m. Ezra Waldo Weld l\). Vi. Wheeler X: Thaxter Gen.). A son L")aniel G. 
had Elizabeth Lewis who ni. in 1S.5S, Henry Hatton Gird of Clinton, 
La.: their son Joseph W. of this city was killed in the Civil War, leav- 
ing a daughter Josephine W. (Mrs. Everett H. Warren of this city). :j. 
Thcoi)hilus (See biog.). 4, Joseph, b. Aug. 'i',. 17(i(i, d. Dixrield, Me., 



262 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

111. Lucv Sumner, dau. Rev. Joseph of Sv. ■"■>. Daniel Greenleaf, b. March 
14, Kfifi, d. Dec. 10, 184?. 6. John, b. ^lay IT, ITIO, d. Apr. 3, 1840, m. 
Rebecca Harris, sister of the famous Rev. Thaddeus Mason Harris. 7. 
Moses, b. Apr. 4, 1772, d. in Boston, Mar. 27, 1838. 8. Clarissa, b. Feb. 
1, 17:4, d. Medford. May 26, 1844, unm. 9. Abigail, b. Feb. 29, 1776, d. 
Andover, Feb. 21, 1846, m. Rev. Leonard \\'oods; her children were dis- 
tinguished teachers, authors, etc. 10. Levi, b. Oct. 22, 1779, d. here, 
Mar. 3, i:m1. 11. Sophia, b. here, Jan. 20. KS2, d. Danvers, Oct. 8. 
1S31 : m. May 17, 1807, Rev. Samuel Walker. 

Wheeler, Theophilus^ (Joseph*, Joseph-', Obadiah-, Obadiah'). b. at 
Harvard, Dec. 22, 1764; d. here, Aug. 14. 1840; m. Apr. 4, 1790, Eliza- 
beth Lvnde, dau. Joseph (cj. v. I. He was clerk to his father in the Pro- 
bate office; succeeded him as register and held the office until 1836, a 
period of 43 years ; he was one of the 22 charter members of the Wor- 
cester Fire Society. He was a perfect gentleman of the old school; 
strictly honorable and implicitly trusted. He was town clerk from 
March, 1787 to 1792; town treasurer. 1799-1800; overseer of the schools 
in 1823 and of the House of Correction in 1826. He was one of the first 
directors of the Worcester Bank, 1804, and served 18 years. He volun- 
teered at the time of Shays' Rebellion and served as a soldier in suppress- 
ing the outbreak. He was the first treasurer of the Agricultural So- 
cietv. Children, b. here: 1. William Duncan, b. May 24, 1791, d. June 
23, 1834. 2. Charles, b. Aug. 10, l';93, merchant. Main St.; member of 
the Fire Society, d. Mar. 7, 1827. unm. 3. Henry (See biog.). 4. Hen- 
rietta, b. Sept. 30, 1795. d. Aug. 14, 11 9(1. 5. Harriet, b. Jan. 30, 1797, d. 
Apr. 12. 1818, unm. 6. Mary Lynde. 1j. Apr. 1."), 1199. d. July 18, 1834, 
m. William Jennison, s. of Samuel of Brookfield. 

Wheeler, Henrv" (Theophilus"', Jos.^ Jos.'', Obadiah', ObadiahM. b. 
Sept. 30, 1795. in W.. d. Oct. 11, 1840; m. July 12, 1826, Mary Howe 
Thaxter, dau. of Benjamin and Sara (Howe) of this town. He studied 
at Phillips Academy, Andover Seminary; succeeded his brother Charles 
in the Wheeler store. Main St. He was active in forming the Cal- 
vinist Church, its clerk for five years, supt. of the Sunday School two 
years; in 1814 he was in partnership with a cousin. John H. Wheeler 
in Dover, N. H.. keeping a general store. Children : 1. Sarah Elizabeth, 
b. Feb. 17, 1828. d. y. 2. Henry Martyn (See biog.). 3. Sarah Eliza- 
beth, b. Oct. 6, 1832' d. Nov. 19', 1917. unm. 4. Mary Frances, b. July 
6, is:!4. d. Mav 26, 1912. unm. 5. Benjamin Thaxter. b. Feb. 28. 1836. d. 
y. 6. Henrietta Lynde. b. Feb. 28, 1839. m. Rev. John Francis Aiken. 

Wheeler. Henry Martvn' (Henry''. Theophilus-. Joseph*. Jos.-', Oba- 
diah-', ObadiahM, b.' in W.'Aug. 7, 1S30; d. 1917, at Wellesley ; m. June 
13, 1,S54, Sarah Huntington Wilcox, dau. of Isaac of Providence, R. L 
He was a student in the i>ublic schools and at Leicester and Framing- 
ham Academies; also in Amherst College and Brown University, but 
did not graduate. For six years he was in the office of the Clerk of 
the Courts, and for 28 years afterward in the office of the State Mutual 
Life Assurance Company, being assistant secretary most of that time. 
He was a member of Central Church and had been a teacher in its Sun- 
dav School, and for a time its superintendent; from 1867 to 1869 he 
was president of the Y. M. C. A. After retiring in 1884 he lived much 
of the time with his daughter and sister Sarah, at whose home he died, 
but he visited Worcester often. He was active in the Society of An- 
tiquitv. interested in genealogy and author of the Wheeler & Thaxter 
Genealogy. 



AXD ITS PEOPLE 



-'63 



(.'hildrcn : 1. Henry Huntington. 1). lulv lit, is:,:,; graduate of Ani- 
lierst. l.s::: ni. at Los Angeles. Cal.. Oct'. 2'.), 1,S!)1. Adeline Lincoln 
C'r.shing: resides at Pomona. Cal.. and Los Angeles, where he d. Oct. 
;i. llMii. 2. Fannie Thaxter. h. .\ug. Id. IS.'):, m. George T. Eaton, 
teacher in Phillips Academy. Andover. m:inv vears. ;i. Ellen Louisa, h. 
Jan. 1 1. l.s.Vl. d. Apr. 1. lSi;i. 4, Frank Lincoln. 1>. l-'eh. -^1. l.sci;. d. .Sept. 
l-l. \X'->:!. unm.; an architect in Wor. and Boston, 

White. — Thomas' White, b. in Eng.. L'dCl ; came in \i\-l\ or soon 
alter and settled in Weymouth: was deputy in l(;:ii;-7. ](;:<:. and later; 
was a carpenter; died lii;'.i. 

White. t'a])t. Joseph- (Thos.'). 1). about Kid) .at Wevmouth; m. 
.Sept. 11. KKid. Lydia Rogers, dau. of John of Weymouth. He d. Mar. 23, 
Kdii; his wife <i. May 8. ]:-r,. He settled in 'Mendon in \iU;:\, one of 
the hrst tiftern settlers. 

White. Joseph' (Joseph-. Thos.'). h. Mendon Oct. lH. liis:!; m. 
Prudence. 

White. Peter^ (Jos.\ Jos.-. Thos.'), h. in Mendon Dec. C. i;i4; set- 
tled in Mendon in what is now L'xbridge, m. ^Lay "iO. KilC. lemima Taft. 

White. Nathan'' 1 Peter'. Jos.', Jos.-. Thos.''). was h.in Uxbridge 
June U), 1:.")."); d. here Jan.'".':, IS-.'!); m. at Uxbridge. Lm. 14. l";). 
Eunice Chapin. dau. of FJenjamin. She was b. lud.. K, K.".:!. d. here 
Xov. 10. ]f<->'A. (g. s. ). He settled here on the farm adjoining that of 
Thaddeus Chapin. He was selectman ISOli-li); rei>resentative 1S()8, 
1S12-.-,. Children: 1. Sally. I). Dec. ■.'. K;!). m. Asa Ward, brother of 
-Artemas. -2. Eunice, b. Feb, 1."). KSv!. n). Samuel Gates. :!. Peter, b. 
M.ar. !». i;si. d. Mar. !), is:;-.'; m. Sally Harrington. 4. Xancy. b. ^Lly 
22. i;,s(i. m. Samuel Harrington, town sexton. ."1. P.enjamin. b. Mav !). 
1TS8, m. Lydia Rice, dau. of Edward. (!. Lois. b. June 2. GDI), d. Aug. 
<i, bsi4; never m. L Chloc. b. May ?(;. ]:'.)2. ni. "Bailev Clements. 8. 
Luther, b. .\ug. 11. G".)!. d. July '.). ls;-.\ partner of W'hite & Bovden, 
machinists. D. Xathan. b. Jan. 11. Gd;. m. Betsey Reed. 10. Bez'aleel. 
b. July •"). G!)!). m. Xancy Whitney. :ind went West. IL Leonard, b. 
.Mar. -.'i). ISO."), m. Emily Gates, lived in Clinton. 

White. Ebenezer* (Jos.''. Jos.-. Thos.'). b. Xov. 2i). i:-.')!. at I'x- 
bridge : had here by wife Hannah: .\nn. 1). I^eb. 1. GliD; .Marv. b. Apr. 
4. G:0; Joseph, b. Mar. ",'1. G 74 ; Ebenezer. bapt. Xov. ."1. G':."); John 
Lowry. b. Mar. !). GG. 

White, Major John. b. U46. died here Feb. 2, G!)T, (g. s.). His wife 
Sarah d. here l'"el). 2-]. 1820, aged T9 vears. 

Whitney. — John' Whitney, b. in Eng. 1 ")!)!); settled in Watertown in 
p;:;.'). coining in that year with wife Fllinor. He was selectman, l();i8- 
'>'>: town clerk and leading citizen. His \\ ife Elinor d. Ma\- 11, Ki.")!); ni. 
(2) Sept. 2!), liUil), Judith Clement. He d. June 1 . Ui;:5. 

Whitney. John- (John'), li. in luig. 1(;2(): m. Puth Reynolds. d;ui. 
of Robert; served in K. P. War. He was selectman: d. o'ct. 12. 1<;:)2. 

Whitney. John-' (John-. John' ). b. ;it Watertown Sept. G. IC.l:i: m. 
\iW.). Elizabeth Harris, b. Xov. C. KM I. dau. of Robert. He was a sol- 
dier in K. P. War. 

Whitney. Timothy^ (John'. John-. John'), b. at Watertown .\pr. 
!<;. P;;s: rem. from Roxbury to Xewton. and bought land. G2S; later 
rem. to Warwick. He m. Margaret Bacon. 

Whitney. C;ii)t. Josei)h'' (Timothy'. John'. John'-, lohn' ), b. at Wat. 
I-\-b. 21. GJii: m. (1) .Mary Hastings;' (2) .\nna Palmer. She d. at 



b. 


S( 


;pt. 


h. 


178:, 


0, 


17 


oO; 



264 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Luneiihurg. He was corporal of Gilsitm. N. H., compan\ in the Revo- 
lution. He lived also at Orange, Mass.; d. at Luna. X. Y. 

Whitney, Samuel" (Jos.^ Timothy*, John', John-. JohnM. h. Aug. 
5. 1758, d. June 11, 1831, at Gilsum. N. H.: m. at Wor. [une -.'4, 1778, 
Mary Whitney, dau. of Capt. Joshua, b. June l!t, 17(11, d. April 'i: . 1835. 
He removed here before the Rev. and was a soldier in Capt. Flagg's Co., 
1775; also in Capt. Joshua W'hitney's in 1779; removed to Gilsum, N. 
H.: was a magistrate. His first two children were bapt. here. Chil- 
dren: William Bartholomew, b. Oct. 4, 1777, bapt. here .\pr. 1!), 1779; 
Samuel, b. Julv 14. 1781. bapt. Jan. 21, 1782; Joshua. !>. (une Ki. 1784; 
Pollv. b. Apr.' 10. 178(i: Lois. b. Aug. 23. 1788; LuthJr. 1). .\pr. 15, 
1 7 in': Lydia. b. Sept. (i. 1793; Daniel, b. Sept. 3. 17 95; \\"illiam Clarke, 
b. .Aug. 29, 1797; Lucy. b. April 27. 1800. 

Whitney. Benjamin'' ( Benjamin\ Joseph'. John-, John'). 
14. 1712. Settled here and had by wife Rel:)ecca : Benjamin, 
d. July 30, 1823, here; Samuel, b. 1741 ; Elizabeth, ba[>t. June 
(See p. 73 Whitney Gen.). 

Whitney, Samuel" (Benj.', Benj.^. Jos.', John-, John'), b. 1741 here; 
m. Nov. 24, 17G2, Mary White of Newton. He served in the Rev. Chil- 
dren, b. here: Moses, bapt. Aug. 22, 17<)3; Moses, b. July 2, 1764; 
Martha, b. Nov. 18. 17(55; Pattv. bapt. Dec. 29. 17(i5; A'bijah. b. Julv 
1. 17 (19; Molly, b. Apr. 14. 17 72.' 

Whitney. Joseph'' (John-. John'). 1). at Wat. Jan. 15. I(i51 : m. Jan. 
24, 1(>74, Martha Beach, dau. of Richard. He had land in Weston in 
1699; died at Wat. Nov. 4, 1702. 

Whitney. I'.enjamin' (Jos.'', John-, John'), b. at Wat.. June 30, 1684, 
m. Elizabeth Fiske, b. Jan. "20, 1685, d. Mar. 1, 1709. His will was dated 
June 14, proved Nov. 8, 1736. Settled in Wor. Children: Joseph, 
b. Dec. 3, 1710, m. Mary Child. Recorded at Wor.: Benjamin, b. at 
Wat. Sept. n. 1712; Samuel, b. Nov. 22, 1715, m. Mary Clark; Eliza- 
beth, 1). Mar. 9, 1718, m. Nov. 26, 1747, William McCunc. 

Whitney, Joshua'' (Daniel*, Benjamin-', John-, John'), was b. in 
Wat. .\pr. 3, 1737, d. Mav 7, 1809, (g. s. ) ; m'. (1) [an. 2(i. 1759, Mary 
Clark of Newton, b. Apr.'l4, 1741, d. July 4, 1796. "He m. (2) Mar. 13. 
1797, Abigail Wood of Rutland, who d. Oct. 5, 1838. He was a soldier 
in the Revolution at the Lexington alarm and his brother William went, 
though but 11 years old, to take back the conveyance in which the sol- 
diers rode. He was a member of the American Political Society: was 
on the town committee to instruct the representative, Joshua Bigelow. 
He deeded land here to sons Daniel and William Clark Whitney. 

Children, b. here: Lucy, born 1759, married Thaddeus Chapin ; 
Mary, b. June 19, 1761, m. Samuel Whitney; Daniel, b. July 31, 1763, 
m. Sophia Fuller; William Clarke, b. Oct. 19, 1765, m. Dorothy Patch; 
Lydia, b. June 26, 1768; Dorothy, b. June 19, 1770, m. Joseph Adams; 
Joshua, b.'Nov. 16, 1773, rem. to'N. Y. ; Grace, b. Mar. 3. 17 76. m. John 
"Ranks. Mar. 8, 1797; Israel. .April ()", 1781. 

Whitney, Benjamin' (John-, John'), b. at Wat, June 28, 1660; m. 
Mar. 30, 1687, Abigail Hagar, dau. of William and Mary (Bemis); m. 

(2) Elizabeth . He d. 1736. His grandson Nathan, (son of 

David), settled in Westminster, soldier in Rev. Ancestor of Edward 
Whitney and George C. Whitne}' of this city (Siee biographies). 

Whitney, Edward** (John", John", Nathan'', David*, Benjamin-', 
John-. John'), b. on the homestead in Westminster, Aug. 12, 1834, and 
attended school there. For four vears, 1852-(!. he was clerk in the Metro- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 26s 



politan Bank. New York. He came to this city then to form a jiartner- 
shi]) with Sumner A. Wliitney. a brother, in the stationery business 
with a store in the old Butnian Rhjck. After the death of his brother 
he continued alone, removing his store to the Howen Block, corner of 
Main and Mechanic streets. Early in the eighties he located at Wi 
Front street. After his death the business was continued b\- his s<jns 
Edward Cutting and Harry Sumner Whitney. The firm was for many 
years one of the foremost in its line in this section. During his later 
years he enjoyed a period of leisure, travelling aliroad and in this coun- 
try. When a young man he joined Union Cong. Church and was super- 
intendent of its Sunday School ten years; later he was a member of 
Plymouth Cong. Church. For two years he was ]3resident of the \'. M. 
L. A., and for several }ears chairman of the executive committee: presi- 
dent of the Congregational Club two years. He d. Feb. (i. 1S9;. 

He m. Xov. '.^(i. 1S.")7. Susan Louise Cutting, b. .\ug. 20. ISo.s. cl. [an. 
1. 1880: m. ( '- ) Oct. '^7, 1S8(;, Emma Louise Rice, daughter of William. 
Children by first wife: Lillie ALirie. b. June 1!). I,s(i7. d. Aug. -.^4. 18(iS; 
Edward Cutting, b. July Id. ISGi); Harry Sumner, b. June 1. 18T;>. m. 
Alice Wright (iibson of (lermantown. Pa. 

Whitney. Richard- iJohnM. b. in Eng. ]t;2(i: m. at Watertiiwn 
M.-ir. 1!). Ifi.Mi. Martha L'oldham. He was a pro]irietor of Stow. June •'{. 
Iti.sO. lived at Wat. 

Whitney, Ebenezer' (Richard-. John'), b. at Concord iune .id. lili".': 

m. Ann , who m. ( v! ) John Cummins, and d. Max l."i. i;.").s. He 

lived at Stow and Pomfret, Ct. He <1. .\ug. '). i;v7. 

\\'hitney. EzekieP (Ebenezer'', Richard-, ]ohn'). m. (1) at IVomfret, 
July IS. 1738. Isabel Taylor, who d. .April l'."). K:!!: m. 1 •.' i lulv 'l-i. 
17 Ml. .Sarah I'^arrad. 

Whitne}', Ebenezer' (EzekieP, Ebenezer'', Richard", Ribn'). b. at 
Pomfret. Oct. 22. 17"^!t: settled here. When a young man he was 
impressed on a British vessel and kept for seven years, his familv 
receiving no word from him, and in his absence his wife, supposing 
him dead. m. again. 

Whitney, Sergt. Ebenezer'' ( El)enezer'', EzekieP. Ebenezer'. Rich- 
ard". John'), b. K.jil, d. June 17, l,s:5(;, ( g. s. ) : soldier in the Rev.: m. 
Martha Gates, b. Apr., kV.O. d. Sept. IS, 1S47. Children, b. here: Polly, 
b. Apr. ID. 17s<l: Betsey, b. June t;. i;s4: Ebenezer. b. M,av 2-). 17SS: 
Martha, b. Mar. •"), 17!);i; Prudence, b. Jan. ]."), K!*.'). 

Wiley. — Joseph' Wiley, Scotch-Irish, settled in Oxford in 1 ; l!i : 
sold land there in 17J(), and located in Western (Warren) ; d. 17"i-';: his 
uid. Jane rem. to this town. Children: John, of Oxford; losejjh; 
Sarah, m. Robert Gray. Born at Oxford: Reliecca, b. Iune Vl7, 171!'," 
m. John Patrick of \Vor. ; ^fargaret. b. ^lar. 14, 17-.^1, m. .\lexander 
Nichols: Moses, b. Oct. ".^O. 173:5, d. 174(; at Oxford, his father admin- 
istering his estate; Eliza!)eth. b May, K'^ii; ni. John Thomas of Wor. 
and Oxf., m. ( "i ) James Freeland, 17")o. 

Wiley, Joseph'-' (Josei)h'), b. 171(1; d. May '.1. 177(1. (Wor, g. s. i ; 

m. Martha and had here: Elizabeth, b. July 2. 1744. m. lonathan 

Gray; ]Vlary, bapt. Mar. 8, 174(i; Martha, b. ^L'ly ;>, 174(j, d. num.. May 
6, 17!)4, (g. s.) ; Jean, b. Apr. 4. 1748, m. Rev. Thaddeus McCartv ; Moses, 
b. Apr. 4, K.^O, m. June 14, 1774, Phebe Fitts ; Joseph, b. Ai)r. 1. 17."i4: 
lived on the Ranks farm. rem. to Templeton ; Samuel, h. .\ug. ".'."). W'u. 
soldier in Rev., d. .Stockbridge. \'t.. before 17!K'): |(jhn; Thinnas. h. Mav 



266 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

23, IToll, (1. Dec. <;(!. i::;i, aet. lo v.; Robert, bapt. Sept. 11. Kt;:!; rem. 
to Tem])let(.]n ; David, bapt. Mar. 2'.i, lT(i(i. 

Willard. — Major .Simon' Willard, 1). Kill!, liaj)!. at Horsmondoii. 
Apr. T. !()()."); d. KiTfi; a Kentish soldier; came in 1634 and settled at 
Camliridge : one of the foimders of Concord in 1()3.') and of Lancaster in 
165!:). He was a magistrate; assistant; sergeant major in 1653; co!' - 
mander-in-chief of the Narragansett expedition 1654-5; served in K. 
P. War. He d. Apr. 24. 16T6. He had three wives. He m. ( 1 ) in Eng . 
Mary Sharpe. His widow Mary. m. Dea. Joseph Noyes. She d. Dec. 
28, 111 5. aged 85 yrs. 

Willard. Ik-njamin- (Simon'), l^. at Lancaster 1664; m. Sarah Lakin, 
dan. of Ensign John and Mary of Groton. He was a carpenter; l.ved 
at Sudbnrx'. I'Vamingham and (iraftcjn; was justice of the peace; d. June 
16. 1732. 

Willard. Major Josejih'' (Benj.-, Simon'), b. at Sudbury May 2T, 
161)3; m. at Framingham. Jan. 5. 1715. Martha Clarke, dau. of Capt. 
Isaac; she d. in 1794. aged 101) yrs., having at that time 353 descen- 
dants. He was a weaver; settled early at Grafton; town officer there; 
major of the Worcester regt. He d. Oct. IS. 17 74. 

Willard, Joseph' (Jos.\ Benj.-, Simon'), b. at Grafton .Vpril 27, 
1720; m. 1747 Hannah Rice. b. Mar. 5, 1730, d. .Vug. 8, 1825. He lived 
at Wor. and Grafton; d. March 30, 1799. Children; Thomas Rice, b. 
here, Nov. 12. 1748. (H. C. 1774) commissary in Rev.; d. at Fitch- 
burg. A]>r. 21. 177i. 2. Molly, b. here Jan. 4. 1751. m. Aaron Lyon; res. 
Grafton. :!. Sarah, 1). Aug. 19. 1753, m. Josiah Lyon. 4. Hannah, b. 
A]jr. 9, I75(i; m. Simon Willard. 5. Phebe. b. .-\pr. 11. 1758; m. Samuel 
Richards, (i. Martha, b. .\ug. 12. 1760; m. Joseph Wood. 7. Eliza- 
beth, b. .Apr. 8. 1763 ; ni. ( 1 ) James Putnam ; ( 2 ) Solomon Willard Har- 
rington of Conway. 8. \'irtue. b. Oct. 13. 1766; m. David Wadsworth. 
9. Lakin. b. Dec. "l9. 1769. m. Caleb Leland. 10. losephus, b. Feb. 20. 
17 72. 

Willard. Isaac"* (Jos.', I^)enj.-. Simon'), b. at Grafton Apr. 15, 1721; 
m. il) Sarah Whipple; (2) Sept. 3, 1768, Mercy Dudley. He was a 
blacksmith, living here; lieut. in Col. Chandler's regt. 1771. He d. 
Jan., 1806, leaving will dated Apr. 4, 1805, mentioning children —Isaac. 
Clark and Mollv Havward, and wife Mercy. Children, b. here: James, 
b. June 9, 1747', d. Alar. 12, 1748-9; James, b. Fel). 12, 1749-50; Solo- 
mon, 1). Oct. 1, 1755; Isaac, bapt. Sept. 4. 17 57. d. y. ; Sarah, b. Seot. 
15. 1759. m. Xov. 13, 1776, Micah Johnson Jr.; Isaac, b. Sept. 5. 1762; 
Mollv. b. Mar. 5. 1765. m. James Hayward ; Betty, b. Oct. 6. 17; I. ni 
JohnBixbee; Clark, b. Feb. 7. 1774; Lucretia. b. Feb. 6. 177 7 ; Eunice, 
b. Mar. 7. i;;9, m. John Bellows, 1806. 

Willard, Solomon'' (Isaac\ (os."', Benj.-. Simon'), was b. here Oct. 

I. 1755; m. Dec. 25, 1777, Lydia Johnson, b. Oct. 5. 1755. d. Oct. 9. 1830, 
dau. of Capt. Micah and Phebe (Moore). He lived here until 1781 ; then 
at Sterling and Princeton, returning here in 17 92. He was thrown from 
his horse 'and killed. Apr. 4. 1808. Intestate. Children, b. here : Aliel. 
born 1778; Lvdia. born June 11, 1780. d. Feb. 15. 1784; .Aaron, b. 
March li;, 17 82. .\t Sterling: Solomon, b. .May 27, 1784; Johnson, b. 
Feb. 14. 1786; Phebe. b. Nov. 12. 1787, m. Gardner Johnson: Ira. b Oct. 

II. 1790; .Micah, b. Aju-i! 28. 1792; at Pn. .At Wor.: Sallv, b Mar. 2. 
1794. m. William Whi|iple Patch: Isaac, b. Sept. 7. 1796; .Archibald, b. 
Mav 26, 1798. 

'Willard. lames"' (Isaac*. Jos.'. Benj.-. Simon'), b. here Vch. 12, 1749- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 267 



•"iti; in. at Sutton, Jan. ."1. i:;;i. .\l)i<,^ail llavward. h. .\]ir. 20, ]~,:>\. d. fan. 
1::. \s:',:. He d. .\l,ay ■.':!. i;!).-,. e'liildri-n.' li. hen-: Prudence Havward. 
l)a].t. Apr. .;(). 1 :;.■>. d. I^eli. 1. IS.VI. ni. I I ) Ajn'. -.'1. i:!i:!, .Mieali 'llaven 
and (-.') -\ug. :;. 1 ;'.»(;. [•:|)hraini (incdale; .Sarali Whipple, liapt. A|.r. :1(). 
1175; Abigail, I). N'ov. 2:\ \~',C,, d. Dec. 'iU. 1S.")!I; |anies. h. .\ii.g. IS, ]',]X: 
Rebecca, b. Oct. ■.'(). i:.S(l, d. Jan. 2;i, ns(i: Mar\-, 1). (an. l".', \:k',; iVIercy! 
b. Mar. 2. i:s,-,, d. ,\ug. -.'I. i;S8; Stephen, b'. Mar, 22. Ks^: John, 1). 
May -.'I. i;s;), d. at Hrownsx ille. Me.. Nov. 2r,. Is;;; Isaac, b. .\ng. l!l, 
i;!M. (L Feb. 1 I. isi;. 

Willard Henry- (Sinion'). b. in Cducnrd. June I, l(l-")."i; ni. (1) )uly 
bs. l(i;4, Mary Lakin nf (Iroton; ni. (2) about MIS!), |)„rcas Cutler. " He 
res. at Grot(jn, Lancaster .and llai-\ard; d. HOI. (See p. Ill new Wil- 
lar<l ( ien. ). 

Willard, Col. S.anuud ' (Henry-. Simon'), b. at Lancaster May ;il, 
KiilO; ni. Aug. 1!). KK. bdizabeth Phelps, dau, of Edward and Ruth, 
b. Jan. 2:. l(;S!)-!i(), d. Sept. 2S, KTO. He was a trader at Lane; repre- 
sentative; judge of the Court of Common Pleas; colonel nf ;i regiment 
at the reduction of Louisburg. He d. at Lancaster Nov.. 1 ;.')■.'. 

Willard. Dr. Nahuni* (Samuel'. Henry-. Simon'), b. Mav ".'S, 1722; 
ni, Elizabeth Townsend of Bolton. He was a plnsician at \\'or. ; was 
surgeon of Col. Nathan Taylor's regt. July (1. to Dec. :!1. i;;!i. He \\as 
a Loyalist and signer of the famous protest of i;;4. He retracted, how- 
e\er. and in ITIS became an adherent of the Whig cause. He rem. to 
Cxliridge and died there .\pril 2(;. i;i»2. Children, b. here: bdizabeth, 
d. y. ; Samuel, b. .A.])r. Li, i;4S; Levi, b. Nov. '..'I, i;4'.); Xahuni. bajjt. 
July \2. i;-")V!. d. y.; Joshua Tiiwnsenil ; Elizabeth, b. |une ;. i;.'i4. d. 
June ;. i;")4. 

Willard. Dr. Levi' ( Nahuni\ Sand.', Henry-. Simon'), b. here Nov. 
24. i:4'). m. (1) .April 2S. i;;4. Mar\- Rawson 'of Mendon, dau. of Dea. 
Edw. He m. (2) Amy Tillinghast, dau. of Col. Daniel of Providence, 
R. 1. He grad. at Har\ard ITT"), and practiced at Mendon: surgeon in 
the Rexolution ; d. ISO!). His son Nahum was born here, Dec. 'M), lTT(i, 
bapt. July 1 1, 1;;'.). 

\Villard, J(.jnathan-' (l^imon'), b. at Lancaster I )ec. 14, Idilli; m. [an. 
S. 1(;'.)()-L Mary FSrown. d.au. of .Major Thomas and Patience ( l-'oster). 
He was a blacksmith; li\ed at Ro.xbury and Sudbur\- ; d. i;(l."i: wife 
d. in P)(.>ston June 21. i;2(). 

Willard. Jonathan' (Jona.-. .Simon'), was b. ;it Roxbur\'. |une 2T, 
lii!>;!; ni. (1) Elizabeth \\'hitney, dau. of John and .M;ir\' (lla])good) 
A\liitney: ni. (2) Jan. 2:i. ITlS-i). Mary Cooke, dau. of Samuel of Cam- 
bridge. He li\ed at Cambridge. Ro.xlniry. Charlestown, Worcester. .Sut- 
ton and Sherborn. His twin sons Samuel and William were recorded 
in this town. b. Nov. T, i;2!». He had \'A children 

Willard, D.anieP (Jona.', Jona.-. Simon'), b. al)OUt DIS; ni. (1) 
Alarch 2. i;4;;. Rachel W'heelock of this town; (2) Nov. l:i. ITdl. Eliza- 
beth (ALmning) P>ailey of ALirlb<M-ough. b. at ( iloucester. He lived at 
Sy.. later in llolden; d. .\pril 11. I;T4. His widow d. at (ireeiiwich. 
He was of this town f<ir a short time and his daughter Hannah was b. 
here March S, i;44--"i. He had 11 children. 

Willard, JohiP (Jona.\ Jona.-. Simon'), b. .at Roxl)ur\' about i;2(). 
ni. I'dizabeth bolder, rem. to Sudbury. 

Willard. John' (John'. Jona.'. Jona.-. Simcju'i. b. at Sudl). Sept. 10. 
i;4i;; m. here Jan. VJ. ]',','■'>. Lucy Davis. He d. ( )ct., i;sl; intes- 
t.ate : his wife admx., guardians appointed for his children. He li\ed in 



_'68 HISrURY OF WORCESTER 

the Gore, later called V\'ard (Auburn). Children, b. here: Betty, bapt. 
Nov. .3. i:;.j; John, bapt. Sept. 2i^. 17::: Ezra. bapt. July 11. KT'J: 
Daniel, bai)t. at his father's funeral Oct. 1!), i:f<l. 

Willard. Jonathan" (John\ Jonathan', Jona.'-. Simon'), b. at Sud- 
bur_\- Sept. 10. \~iii: m. at Sutton, Nov. 'i'l. i:::i, Hannah Putnam. Their 
tinly child Lucy was bapt. here, Sept. 1!), MI'-K- (See Willard Gen. 1915). 

Williams. — Rev. Williams of Weston was an early proprietor. He 
bought land here of Nathaniel Jones, .May 28. I'i'io, and of William 
Payne of I'oston. Dec. .'SO. 1T25. Rev. William Williams sold land here. 
\'o\-. '^'-'i. \~,2i}, to Isaac McGregory of Weston. The family did not 
locate here. 

Ruliert' Williams, b. in Eng., settled in Roxhury before 1(;3<S: wife 
Elizabeth d. July, l(i:4, aet. .SO. 

Williams, Capt. Isaac- (Robert'), b. Sept. 1, Kio.S, a very dis- 
tinguished man ; res. Roxbury. 

Williams. Rev. William' (Isaac-, Robert') (H. G. li;s:'i) minister of 
Hatheld, m. dau. of Rev. Dr. Gotton. 

Wing. — Ga])t. John W ing, who succeeded Beers on the (Juinsiga- 
mond Gommittee in 1684. bought extensivel}' of Worcester lands and 
received large grants here at the time of the second settlement. For 
many }'ears he was the dominating figure of the plantation, owning the 
sawmill and gristmill at North I\)nd, as related in the accotmt of the 
settlement. 

He was born in Boston, July 22, Hi:}:, son of Robert and Judith 
Wing, who came from England in the ship Francis of Ipswich in KvU 
and settled in Boston; Robert was (iO years old at the time and the 
court records Nov. 11, UilT, state that he was then "a poor man with 
four small children and nuthing tn li\'e upcm and SO _\-ears of age," and it 
may In- said he had another child born afterward: he died Se]it. 24, 1()51, 
leaving a nuncupative will : his family lived at b^edham, Eng. 

Gapt. John was a mariner; became wealthy; was ct)nstable of Bos- 
ton in Hi: 1-2, and in ]('>~ii was chosen to "look after too much drinking in 
priwite houses." He was ;i landlord of the Gattle Tavern at Elm St. and 
Dock S(|., liostoii, in l(i'.i4 he joined the Artillery Company. 

I'^rom HiSl t(j 1(11(0 he was practically in charge of affairs in Wor- 
cester. He was the first town clerk elected by the planters. He died in 
Boston, Feb. 22, 170.'3, after this town was abandoned. 

He bought land here, Oct. 25, 168{i. of Daniel Turell and, Oct. 12. 
Id'.)], of Peter Goulding of Hadley. The family did not locate here. 

Winthrop. — Col. Adam Winthrop, grandson of Gov. John and great- 
grandson of Adam of Groton, Go. Suffolk. Eng. (See Gen. in N. E. Reg. 
18-182. and Pope's Pioneers of Mass. p. 508) ; was born in lti47. His 
grandfather was elected governor of the Mass. Bay Company in London, 
Oct. 29. 1029, succeeding Endicott; and was governor most of the time 
until he died Mar. 2(>. 1(149; married in England Apr. l(i. 1(505. Mary 
Forth; (2) Thomasine Clopton ; (3) A])r. 29. 1(519, Margaret Tindall. 
daughter of Sir John; (4) in Boston, Dec. 4, 1(547, Martha ( Rainslior- 
ough ) Coitmore; his son John became governor of Ct. 

Col. Adam graduated at Harvard in l()(i8; made freeman in 1(5815 ; 
Avas one of the commissioners of Boston, l()S4-5-90; selectman. 1688-9; 
deputv, 1(iS9, 1691 and 1692; member of the (jovernor's council, 1693. 
He left one son. He died in 1700. 

G(jl. Winthrop bought and sold \arious lots here. He bought of 
Benjamin Flagg land here. .\ug. 6, GPi. The family did not locate here. 



AND ITS PEOPLE jfvj 



Wiser. — iU'iijaniin Wiser, an Indian, was perhaps the only man of 
his race to appear in tlie vital records of the town. His will was dated 
iMay -iU, i::i, proved July S, i:;i, l)r(|. to wife .Sarah and children — 
James. Benjamin. Hannah. Sarah and Ahis^'ail. Children, h. here: Han- 
nah, h. June :>(), I ;•")(•, ni. ( )ct. Hi, i;;."i, J(jhn h'.phraim, a Natick Indian; 
James, h. No\-. l."i, i;.V.', had Samuel Curtis appointed guardian, |uh- 1, 
\'t'\; will .\]ir. 1.1, ISll. lie<|. sister Sarah and wid. Mary Teal; "I'.enja- 
miii, 1). Vvh. ',. \', :>:',. had Samuel Curtis api)ointed guardian. Jul\- 1. K^l. 
m. in Leicester, June s, ]'.'.:. Dorothy Hright ; Sarah, h. l-'eh. :, K."i(l ; 
Aliigail. 1>. Jan, f.l. I ;."iS. 

Wiswell. — Thomas' Wiswell, h. in Kng., brother of holder John, set- 
tled in Dorchester, lived later in Camliridge and Newton; m. (1) Eliz- 
abeth ; (vM Isabel Farmer, widow. He d. Dec. (1. Kl.S.'i. 

Wiswell. lunich- (Thos.'), h. l(;;i;J-4; d. Nov. 28, 1T06, aged 73 y.; 
m. Elizabeth ( )liver. dan. of John; she d. May :n. ]',\2. aged To v. (See 
N. E. Reg. \'. 4(1, ji. ."iS ). 

Wiswell, Ehenezer'- (Enoch-, Thos,'), m. Anna Capen of Dor. Nov. 
'M), I'rU. (children, b. at Dorchester; Ehenezer, b. June 10, 1722; 
Mary, b. Apr. :. i:24; ( )liver, b. Nov. 21, 1 :2.") ; Noah, b" Nov. 2:., 1:27; 
Daniel, b. Nov. 2(1. i;2:t; |ob. b. Sept. Id. IT.'il. d. v.; Esther, h. Dec. 
2S, i;:i2; Samuel, b. Oct. :;, i;:!4; ICliiah. 1>. Dec. 22, K.'iS, d. v.; -\nn. 
1). Ian. 11, ]::ili-4(), d. v.; Hannah, b.' |ulv ;i. i:i2. d'. v.; Ichabod, b. 
Dec. IS, i;4;i. 

Wiswell, libenezer* (Ehenezer'. Enoch-. Thos.'), 1). at Dor. |une M). 
K22, (1. here .March 1!», ISOI). aet. s: (g. s.). He was a patriot, member 
of the American I'cditical .Society. His wife Iranah d. Dec. -'il. 1T92, 
aet. ■;() (g. s. ). Children. I), here; Sarah, b. Dec. l."i, i;4;»; Samuel, 
b. .April i;J, 17.')2; Ehenezer, b. Oct. D. 17.')4; Iranah, b. Mar. 18, 17o7; 
David, b. May S, 17."^'.i; Hannah, b. .\ug. 12, 17()!; Daniel, b. Oct. l:i. 
]7(i:i (served in the Rev.) ; John, b. Apr. 2(), 1770. 

Wiswell. Cajit. Ehenezer"' (Ehenezer*, Ehenezer', Enoch-. Thos.'). 
was b. here Oct. 17, 17.")4; d. Jan. 10, 1.S22, aged (j7 (g. s.). He was in 
the Revolution in Capt. Timothy IJigelow's Co., 17 75, and in Capt. Jonas 
Hubbard's Co., later in the year; corporal in .Cajit. William Gates's 
Co. in the Continental army. He m. Dec, 25. 17!)2. Sally Mahan of 
P.oylston. He d. here intestate and his widow Sally was ap])ointed 
admx., Feb. ."). 1S22. 

Wiswell, Samuel' t Ehenezer', Enoch-, Thos.'), 1>. at Dor. Oct. .'i, 
17;i4, settled here; m. July IS, 17:i!i. Sarah Dyer of Wor.; (2) Feb. 12, 
177S, Sally Ward, (^'hilclren, h. here, by 1st wife; Sarah, born in 
175!»; Samuel, bapt. Dec, 1.!, 17f,l; .M;iry, bapt. .\])r. S, 17(i4; Hannah, 
bapt. Jan. 4, 1767. Bv 2d wife: Samuel, born in 17)S: I'hineas. b. 
Nov. 27. 17S0; Thomas, b. Oct. '.). 17,S2. 

Woodward. — Richard' Woodward, b. in Eng. loStO, came in l(i35 in 
the ship Elizabeth with wife Rose and children. He was a miller and 
had a mill in Boston in lots; settled at Watertown, where his wife Rose 
d. Oct. (i. Ui()() ; m. (2) in l(i(>2. .\nna Gates, dau. of Stephen. He d. 
Feb. l(i. l(Jti4-5. 

Woodward, George'- (Richard'), b. in Eng. 1()22. came with his 
parents and settled in Watertown; rem. to Muddy River (Brookline). 
He was selectman of Wat. in 1(;74. 

Woodward. John" { George'-'. Richard' ), was a weaver, lixing in New- 
ten, b. Mar. 28, 'l(J49. 

Woodward, DanieM (John', Geo.'^, Rich.'), b. at Newton, .Sept. 24. 



270 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

1681: m. Jan. T,, 1704, Elizabeth Greely. who d. U49, aet. 68. He was 
selectman of Newton three years. 

Woodward, Jonas'' (DanieP, John', Geo.-. Rich.M, b. at Newton; m. 

Alarv , settled here before 1736. Children, b. here: Jonas, b. 

Apri'l s. i::!6: Solomon, b. Apr. 2. 17:58: John. b. May 9, 1731; Mary. h. 
Aug. 11, 1741, m. Asa Hazeltine ; Elizabeth, b. Nov. 29, 1743, m. Levi 
Newton; Samuel, b. Dec. 3, 1745, m. Eunice Bigelow; Abigail, h. Sept. 
24, 1747; Esther, b. Jan. 15, 1750; Eleanor, b. Sept. 3, 1754; Jedidiah 
(dau.), b. Nov. 5, 175"7 ; Daniel, bapt. Nov. 23, 1760. 

Woodward, Jonas'' (Jonas"', Danl.^ John-', Geo.-, Rich.^), b. April 
8, 1736, in Wor. ; soldier in the Revolution (ancestor of Edward M. 
Woodward, mfr., (see biography). He m. here Jan. 16, 1759, Rachel 
Holmes; removed from Wor. to Sutton in 1761. His will, dated at 
Sutton Jan. 14, 1804, beq. to wife Susanna and children — Daniel, Jacol), 
Jonas (child of Rachel), dau. Hannah and heirs of dau. Esther. This 
will is written (;n the tinest paper ever seen i^y the writer, made at as 
early a date. Was it made in Sutton? Children: Daniel, b. Nov. 2, 
1760; Jacol), b. May -iii. 1762: Jonas, b. May 31, 1764; Rachel, b. Mar. 
19. i;6(i; Josiah, b.'june 19. KCS; Hannah, b. Ian. 18, 1771: Esther, b. 
July 1. 1773. 

Woodward, Solomon'' (Jonas^ Danl.*, John', Geo.-, Rich.'), b. at 
Wor. .\pr. 2, 1738, m. here Feb. 3, 1762, Priscilla Holmes: m. (2) 
Nov. 4. 1798. Lydia Treadwell of Sutton. By first wife he had here: 
Ruth and Jonathan, bapt. Oct. 5, 17<;6. 

The Woodwards moved to New Hampshire from Sutton. 

Wooley. — Joseph Wooley of Concord bought land here of Benja- 
min l'"lagg in tile north part of the town, Jan. 13, 1739, and settled here, 
but soon removed. He had, by wife Mary, a dau. Lucy, b. July 31, 1739. 

Young. — John' Young, probably the oldest of the Scotch-Irish who 
settled here, was born according to his gravestone here, in the Isle of 
Bert near Londonderry, Ireland, in 1623, as he died here June 30, 1730, 
aged 107 years, (g. s., but town record says June 27, 1730, aged 93 y.). 
His wife Isabel also lived to a great age, dying here, Feb. 15, 1732-3. 
Possibly the town record is correct; it is more likely that the gravestone. 

Young, David- (John'), b. 1682 in the parish of Tahboynm, Co. Don- 
egal, Ireland, d. here Dec. 26, 177(i, aged 94 yrs., according to the 
gravestone which was erected after his death for him and his father. 
His wife Martha (Boyd) b. in Ireland l(i82, d. here Oct. 26, 1747, aged 65 
vrs. Children: William. Born here: Frank, b. June 19, 1722; Mar- 
tha, b. Aug. 16. 1724; and probal^ly others. 

Young, William' (David-, John'), b. about KIO; his wife Jean, b 

1717, d. Mar 30, 1743, aged 27 yrs. (g. s.). He m. (2) Mary • 

Children, b. here, by 1st wife: John, b. May 22, 1739; Susannah, b. 
Oct. 9, 17 11. Bv 2d' wife: Elizabeth, b. Mar.' 15, 1749, m. John Taylor. 
Martha, b. July 3, 1750, m. Nov. 24, 1778, James Blair of Rutland: Rob- 
ert, b. Oct. 4, 1752, d. 1756; Janet, b. Sept. 11, 1756, aged 1 v., 7 m., 5 d. ; 
Mary, b. Mav 14. 1757; William, b. Jan. 27, 1760, (served in the Rev.); 
Robert, b. S'ept. 17. i;(;2, d. .\pr. 2o", 1769; James, b. May 4, 17(;4, m. 

Mary . who d. Nov. 4, 182 — , aged 5:5 yrs.; David, b. Sept. 17, 

1766'; Robert, bapt. May 2, 1779, lived at War'd. 

The will of William Young was dated here. June 2(i. and proved 
Aug. 4, 1795, beq. to wife Mary and children — William. James, David, 
Elizabeth (wife of John Taylor), John, Patty (wife of James Blair) : to 
lister Martha Young: mentions Ezekiel How Ir 



CIIAPTKR \-lI 
The Irish Immigration 

The iJtHJplf of W'lirci'stt r in tin- niiildk- nl' the niiictL-cnth cciiturv 
were hirisjely of two iiatioiiaHties, Eiiitclish and Irish. Besides the descen- 
dants of tlie original settlers, mentitjned previously, the English sec- 
tion had been recruited from time to time from the other states of New 
England, especially Khode Island. C'c^nnecticut, and Main, and frcjm all 
parts ot Massachusetts. The industries of Worcester, rapidlv growing, 
called skillful mechanics from all parts of the country and attracted boys 
from the farms. Man}- natix'es of New ^'ork were at work in the shops 
here in ISdO, and tlie records show some from ( )hio, Illinois, Pennsyl- 
vania, \ irginia, Elorida, California and a few from other States. 

Erom Nova Scotia and New Krunswick came a substantial contri- 
bution to the population before ISdi). These were descendants of Loy- 
alists who went away during the Re\-olution and immediatelv afterward, 
and also descendants of Scotch and English who located tirst in Canada, 
then drifted to New England, l^^rom Stanstead count\- and \icinit\- came 
families of the old English stock. 

Scotland, England, Germany, and Lower Canada contributed prac- 
tically all of the other foreign-born people of the cit\- in ISild. There were 
not more than a dozen from France and practicalh' none from the other 
countries of Europe. The records show none Ixirn in the Scandanavian 
countries or the nations along the Mediterranean. In the list of (German 
families a few Swiss and Austrians are included, as tlie\- were e\ idently 
of ("lerman stock. 

The Irish. — The greatest accession that Worcester received from anv 
foreign nation came in the middle of the nineteenth centur\' from Ire- 
land. The building (jf the ISlackstone canal and the railroads attracted 
the first Irish settlers. 'I'he stream of emigration from Ireland began 
about that time and during the famine years when the Irish were fairly 
driven by necessity to leave their homes, manv thousands came hither. 
The first-comers were laborers largely, but in a few vears. we find the 
Irish engaged in ever_\' trade, working in every mill and factors'. The 
records show that during the forties several thousand Irish came here, 
ir.ade tlieir homes here and their descendants are living here. 

The _\ear bS()0 was selected as best adapted for a study of the com-' 
position of the population. .\t that time, the original Irish pioneers were 
still lixing and man\- were still in the prime of life. The\- hacl become 
established in trades and occupations, though many who were laborers 
then were afterward in business. In the list of Irish families given 
below, are the names of man\ still li\ing, men who ha\'e achiesed sub- 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



stantial success in life. The list includes all the families, omitting only 
some single men and women, servants and laborers, who doubtless had 
relatives here in most cases, but about whom it is impossible to get infor- 
mation, even if there were space to present their history in this work. 
.Many of the children in these families were born in this country, some 
in Canada, where many of the immigrants lived for a time before com- 
ing here, some in other parts of Massachusetts. The classification has 
been made according to the place of birth of the father of the family. 
.A study of the names will show how futile would be an attempt to make 
a list of the Irish families, excepting from the original records that 
state the birthjjlaces, for the names themselves give little indication of 
the nationality of the people. 

A large majority of the Irish fathers and mothers in IISGO were imder 
thirty years of age. Many of these men soon afterward entered the 
Union army and gave important serxice in saving the Union. 

In religion, practically all of the Irish coming at this period were of 
the Catholic faith. Their churches grew rapidly, though at first a large 
majority of the people struggled in poverty and their contributions were 
small. There were times of industrial depression, especially acute, just 
before 1860, when there was much sutTering. for there was no work for 
many laborers and mechanics. 

.Among the children mentioned in the list of Irish families of ISBO 
will be found the names of many of the leading citizens of the city half 
a century later, of lawyers, doctors, clergymen, merchants, manufac- 
turers, aldermen, legislators, and several mayors; men honored in every 
walk of life. The progress of the Irish pioneers, their sons and grand- 
sons, after the opportunities in life were fairly open and under the 
fostering sunshine of ])rosperity has been marvelous. In ISHI) the Irish 
were living in congested cpiarters in their own sections of the city ; today 
they occupy homes of comfort and lu.xury in every section. 

Some of the single men not mentioned doubtless brought their fam- 
ilies here later, or married and remained here, but these facts are not to 
be found in the records. 

In 1!)15 there were in Worcester 4.54,") males 'i\ years of age or 
over, born in Ireland, of whom a.OTT were naturalized. 

The arrangement of the families in the lists from the l<S(ii) census is 
l)v wards and localities and in the order taken by the census enumerators 
in ISfiO. To those familiar with the localities, this arrangement has a 
certain historical value that would be destroyed by an alphabetical 
arrangement. 

Ward One: 

Patrick Campbell, tailor, 30 y. ; Rosa. 28 v.; Edward 11 ; James 9. 
John Horan. 20. carpenter. 
Edward H. Murphy. 25. moulder. 
Daniel Collins, blacksmith. 26. 



AND ITS PEOPLE _V3 



Lawrence Logan, J4, inonliler. 

B. Harrington. j(i, last ntaUor. 

Thomas Hurley, .^S, machinist. 

Jeremiah Toner. 20. tailor. 

Michael Bail, jy. painter. 

Mary Henderhan. ,Vi: Susan Htnilerlian. },2; Rriil,t;et Henderhan. 40. 

John McCarty. -'O. shoemaker; Adelia. J'l ; Ellen M,. 7: William 1",, 5; Julia 
A., 3; Celia. i ; Michael. 

Mary Lynch. JO. tailor. 

John Griffin, 34. shoemaker; Catherine, ,52; John, 7; James. 4 

William Fitzgerald, .)8, painter; Mary. ,?_■ ; Elisabeth, b; William. ,^ ; John <) m. 

Thomas Fitzgerald, .V ; Mary, 34; John. ,? ; Thomas. 2. 

James McCurley. ,!<). laborer; Rosa. 3(1; Jame>. 3; Mary A.. 4 m. 

James Burns, 35, laliorer ; Mary, },\: Micliael. iS; Owen, 14; Mary A., 11; 
James, 5. 

Cornelius Sidlivan. 34. moulder; Ellen, 30; Daniel, y. 

James McDonald, 30, moulder; Mary, 30; Thomas, 5; Hannah, 2 m. 

Michael Varden, 35, laborer; Mar.garet, 35; Patrick, 12; Bridget. 8; Mar- 
garet. 0. 

Michael Kader. .?o, moulder; Mary, 30; Thomas. 5; Hannah. 2 m.. 

Michael Kane, 35. laborer; Margaret. 35; Patrick. i_>. 

Bridget Owen. 28; Margaret, 26. 

Michael Miller, 22; laborer; Bridget. 21; Mary A., i m. 

Owen McCune. 24, machinist; Bridget, 26; Thomas, 8 in. 

Michael Hogan, 44, blacksmith; Mary, 46; Bridget, 18; Henry, 15; Ellen, j, 

John Earle, 30, boot maker; Elizabeth, 30; Owen, (1; Peter. 4; Elizabeth. 2; 
John, 2 m. 

Owen Hogan, 53; laborer; Bridget, 37; Patrick, 17; John, 15; Peter, 9; Aim, 
5; Bridget, 2. 

Owen Trainor, 21, laborer. 

Susan Moran. 50; Ellen. 20; Barbery. ly; James. 18. 

John McDermot. 43. boot-sider : Bridget. 40; James. 19; Hu.gh. 17; John. 12; 
Bernet, 6. 

Michael Burke. 42. laborer ; Mary. 35 ; Mary, ir; Eliza, 11; Ellen, 7. 

Michael Padon, 55, laborer ; Ellen, 55. 

Patrick Hughes, },2. laborer; Ann, 3(j ; .Alice, 9; John, 7; Ann C 3. 

Edward Leahy, 41, laborer. Western depot; Allen, 40; Thomas, 17; Mary. 15; 
John, 13 ; James, 11. 

Sylvester Burke. 45, boot sider ; Bridget, 42; James, 18; Michael, 17; Patrick, 
15; Catharine, 12; Joanna, 10; Richard, 9; William, 7; Mary, 3; John, i. 

Richard Gorden, 40, laborer; Mary, 38; James, 17; William, 14; .\deline \'elia, 
34; Ellen, 15; Richard, 7; Mary, 5; Edward, 3; Thomas, i. 

Daniel Buckley, 37, laliorer ; Joanna L., 40: Jeremiah, 15; Joanna, 10; Wil- 
liam, 5. 

Patrick Douire (Dwyer?), 26, boot bottomcr ; Mary. 28; Margaret. 3; Ellen, i. 

Maria O'Brien, 30; Joanna, 30; Richard, 2; Maria, 2 m. 

Richard Geary. 04. wood sawyer; Joanna. 02. 

John Fitman. 40. laborer; .Ann. 30; Thomas. 4; Mary Ann. 5 m. ; Louis \>r- 
not, 5 m. 

John Fogarty, 46, laborer; Mary, 40; Michael, 10; John, 8; Mary .Ann. 

John Kelly, 35, laborer ; Ellen, 2ii- 

Ellen Murphy. 35; Hannah. 10; Ellen. 8; John. 0; Mary. 2. 

Edward Toole (O'Toole). 3(). boot sider; Ellen. 29; John. 7; Mary. 5; James, 
3 ; Patrick. 7 m.. 

W.-I-18. 



274 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Patrick, 4. 

Patrick, 13. 

12; Margaret, 10; 

4; Dennis, 2 m. ; 



Margaret Condon, 60: John. 30; Margaret, 2b: Charles P.. 2, 

John Beety (Beatty), 22. laborer. 

Michael Early, 19, laborer. 

John Conlin, 25, painter ; Ann, 20 ; Mary A., 2. 

James Deary, cook, Bay State House, 25; Mary, 27; Mary, 2; Pater, i. 

Richard Wall, 21, machinist; Ellen, 45: Catherine S., 20. 

Richard Daley, 30, machinist : Mary, 25 : Lucy .Ann. 2 m. 

Martin Ward, 30, tailor; Hannah, 30; Mary, 10; Thomas, 2. 

Mary Moran, 50. 

Margaret Clancy, 36 ; Ellen, 9 ; John, 6. 

Michael Herney (Harney). 30. laborer; Mary. ^2: John. 3; Mary. i. 

Andrew Cooney, 30, machinist: Elicia. 24, 

Hugh Hanlon, 30 ; Margaret, 32 ; Catherine, 9 : Thomas, 7 ; 

Owen Sullivan, 30, laborer ; Mary, 25. 

Catharine Donahy, 40; Joanna, 21. 

Michael Dey or Day (0'Day),34; Bridget, 33: Ann, i. 

Mary McDermot, 45; Thomas. 18: James, 15, marble worker 

Timothy Kelehar (Kallcher), 25, moulder. 

James Carl (Carrol), 31, carpenter; Mary A., 32; Eliza J. 

James, 5. 
Patrick Leary, 36, waiter; Ann, 37; Daniel, 12: Mary A„ 7, 
Patrick Foley, 28, laborer; Elizabeth, 25; Patrick, 6; Mary E., 

Ann Leary, i. 
James Conner, 56, laborer: Ellen, 38: Jerry, 19; Ellen, 7, 
Joanna Harney, 32 ; William, 8 ; Mary Leary, 65. 
Ann Hanlon, 35; Mary A.. 11 ; Ellen. 9; John, 7; Rosannah. 4 
Mary O'Donald (O'Donnell), 70. 
James Doherty, 32, laborer; Jane, 26; Anna M., 9: James T. 

5; Eliza J., 3: Einma L., 2 m. 
Frank Cullen, 48, laborer; Anna, 35 

William, 15; James. 8; Anna. 7. 
Catherine Conners, 35: Daniel. 10; Bridget, 8. 
Dennis Lynch, 28, tailor ; Mar.garet, 25 : John, 7 ; Mary 
Thomas Hines, 46; Bridget, 44; John, machinist, 20; 

Patrick, 12; Joseph. 5. 
Michael Carr, 35: Catherine. 35. 
Ellen Clifford. 50: Daniel, 20, glazier. 
William Delaney. teamster. 43; Judith. 50; 
John Cane (Kane?), 43: Ann S., 40; Bridget, 19 

John, 10; Michael, 6. 
Thomas Branan (Brennan). 32: Margaret, 30. 
Mary McCluer, 28 ; Lawrence, 4. 
Martin Hill, machinist, 35. 
Michael McHugo, 25, boot sider. 
James McFarland, 25, clicker. 
John Casey, 24, boot sider. 
James Crowley, 24, machinist. 

Thomas Connor, 20, boot bottomer ; Catharine. 26 
Catharine Dolan, 70; Michael, store keeper, 30. 
Patrick Boyle, 23, boot bottomer. 
John Carle (Carrol), 20, boot bottomer: Ellen. 40. 
Patrick Carl (Carrol), 40, moulder; Elizabeth, 35 

Mary, 6 ; John I. 
Lawrence Henry, 30, marble worker ; Margaret, 30 ; Maria, C ; Caroline, 4. 



Martin. 21. sailor; John, 



; Sarah C. C, 
17. boot sider; 



6 ; Elenore, 
Marv. 18; 



4 ; James, 2. 
Thomas, 14; 



James. 19, blacksmith. 

Catharine. 17: Margaret, 15; 



Margaret .A.. 2. 



Thomas. 11 ; Owen, 8; 



JXD ITS PEOPLE 275 

Bridget Boyle, nurse, 50. 

Dennis Harper. 37. nuiukler; Louisa. 35; Marv. kj; josepliine. 8; Elizabeth. 7; 

Joseph. 3; Louise, 2. 
John Conners. 30. moulder: Mary, 28: Catharine. 2; Bridget D., 3 m. 
Timothy Donahoe, 18. 
Thomas Hamlin, 45: engineer; Catharine. 42: Margaret, i.;; Edward, 13; Mary, 

11; James. 9: Thomas, 7; John, 4: Kosanna, I. 
Robert Salone (Sloaner). 30, moulder: Catharine, 30; Robert, 6;. John, 4; 

William, 3: Mary J.. 4 m. 
\\'illiam Gibbons. 32: moulder: Mary. 20: James. 4: Margaret A.. 2. 
Ellen Brophy. 30. boarding-house: Eliza. 20: Mary. 18: Joseph, 28, carpenter. 
John Blake, carpenter, 27. 

Kennan, 20, carpenter, 

James Kelly, 25, moulder. 
Thomas Mc^Mahon. 25. sailor. 
Lackey Judge, 45, machinist, 
Timothy Lubey (Looby), 2g, machinist. 
Thomas Bartlett. 28, blacksmith. 
James Clarke, 30, peddler. 

Patrick Cantwell. 28. blacksmith : Hannah. 29. 
Frank Vermenhan, 28. 
Thomas MacAvoy (McAvoy), 25. 
Adolphus Morey. 

William Day (O'Day), 35; Ann, 34. 
Thomas Bowles. 72, hatter ; Elizabeth, 56. 
John McDonald. 35, moulder. 

Patrick Kirby, 38, grocer; Mary, 37; Joanna, 8: John. 6. 
John Sullivan, 30; Margaret, 27. 
Michael Flynn. 23, carpenter. 
John Torpey, 29, hostler ; Mary, 25 : Mary, 6 m. 
Owen McKern. 30 ; Mary. 30 ; Charles, 5 m. 
Edward McKern. 35. 

Eunice Bonner. 37; Charles Bonner. 12: Cornelius. 10: Margaret. 8: Edward, 5. 
Michael Delhinty (Delehanty), 28: Mary. 26. 
James Rafferty. 28 ; Margaret, 27 ; Mary A.. 2. 

John Murphy. 40: Ann. 30; John, 7; Honora, 5: William. 3: Ellen. 10 m. 
Charles J. Pratt. 50, marble cutter; Catharine M.. 52: John A., 20. marble cut- 
ter. 
Thomas Kelly, 30, teamster ; Jane, 2y; Sarah J.. 2 ; John J. 2 m. ; Mary. 32. 
Thomas McCave (McCabe?), 30; Elizabeth. 29. 

Edward Quinlan. 28. blacksmith: Mary. 29: Michael. 9; Eddie. 2: Ellen, 60. 
Charles Dowd (O'Dowd), 30, machinist; Mary. 24; James, 3; Charles, i. 
Patrick Reynolds, 20, farm laborer. 

Frank Mahon. 35. moulder ; Elizabeth, 23 : Mary. 5 ; Frank. 2 : Anna J., 5 m. 
Michael McGady. 35, machinist; Rose, 30; Catharine. 11; Sarah A., 6; Mary 

E., I ra. 
Thomas Day (O'Day), 34; Anna, 31 : John. 3: Thomas. 9 m. : Michael, 28. 
Edw-ard McMahon. 61, machinist; Bridget. 35; Mary, 20: Ann, 16; Barney, 12; 

Michael, 10; Arthur, 8; Ellen. 18; Catharine, ig: Patrick, 26, wire drawer; 

Edward, 22, machinist; Bridget. 18. 
Michael Hough. 40; Mary, 40: Mary H.. 11. 
Edward Hackett, 28; Catharine, 26; John, i : James. 9 m. 

John McKinley. 40; Elizabeth. 47; Margaret, 19; Mary. 13; Elizabeth, 9; Willie. 6. 
John Jennison, 25; Ellen, 29; Mary H.. 2. 



276 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Thomas Morrisey, 22. 

Thomas Nolan, 30. 

James Hews, 18. 

Hugh Jenniso, 21. 

Michael Quirk, 38 ; Margaret, 33 : John, 10 ; Philip, 8 ; James, 5 ; Michael, 2: 

Arthur Crowley, 28 ; Mary, 26. 

Thomas Sheedy, 26, clicker; Hannah, 26; Mary A., 2; Catharine, 5 m. 

James McDermott, 35 ; Elizabeth, 32 ; Mary, 6 m. 

William Curtis, 32, flagman; Julia, 30; John, 9; Johanna, 5; Mary A., 4; James, 2; 
Thomas, 5 m. 

John Flynn, 25 ; Joanna, 29. 

John Burke, 36, clicker; Catharine, 32; Edward, 5; Mary .\., 3; Catharine, I, 

M. F., Maloy (Malloy), printer. 23. 

Joseph Matsop, 22, baker. 

Myron Berry, 35; Margaret, 15; Peter, 12; Ellen, 8; Mary, 4. 

James Quirk, 34. 

James Harke, 20, waiter. 

Patrick O'Leary, 37, waiter. 

John Fay, 47, head cook. 

James Peary, 28, cook. 

F. N. Lovering, 28, fireman. 

Philip Moore, 23, Edmond, 9 ; Alice. 60. 

Dennis DriscoU, 40 ; Mary, 40 ; John, 20 ; Mary, 16 ; Kate, 10 ; Margaret, 8 ; Den- 
nis, 7. 

Ward Two : 

John Timon, 28, moulder; Margaret. 27; Ann T., 3. 

Frank Doherty, 21, moulder. 

Patrick Timon, 17, moulder. 

Thomas McCuen (McKeon), 22, clicker; Ellen, 20. 

Michael Dorney, 27. 

Michael McCune (McKeon), 56; Rosa, 54. 

Farrel McMurray, 23; Catherine, 25; John F., 3; Thomas, 7 m. 

John McCune (McKeon), II. 

James Lyman, 40, blacksmith ; Julia, 38 ; John, 17, Katy, 9. 

Patrick Carr, 35 ; Fanny, 38 ; Ellen, 16 ; Mary, 13 ; William, 8 ; James. 6 ; Eddie, 2. 

James Maloy (Malloy), 30, boot treer; Ann, 26; Mary, 4; Katy, 2. 

Jeremiah Hogan, 29, wire finisher; Mary, 29. 

Patrick DeLacy, 49, brick layer; Margaret, 49; Michael H,, 14; William .\., 9. 

Mary Bright, 44, dressmaker; Kate, 35, dressmaker. 

George F. Clarke, 35, carpenter; Cynthia, 23; Carrie S., 3. 

James McFadden, 26, moulder; Mary, 23; Mary E., 6; James, 4. 

James St. Claire, 34; Catherine, 30; Honora, 7; John, s; Michael, 3; Edward i. 

John Faly, 30; Mary, 30; Sarah J., 6; Katy M., 5; Mary E., 3; John M., i. 

Joseph McManus, 35, shoemaker; Mary, 24; Peter J., 6; Mary A., 4; Eliza J., l. 

Patrick Barnes, 28; Catherine, 30. 

Thomas Rivers, 24 ; Margaret, 26. 

John J. Smith, 22; Bridget, 25; Albert H., i. 

Patrick Quinley, 24, blacksmith; Alice, 24; Mary A., 6; Alice. 4; John, 6 m. 

John Britton, 38; Ann, 32; Domnie, 16; John, 12; James, 8; Dennis, 7; Charles, 5; 

Mary A., 2 ; Francis, 6 m. 
John Murphy, 30; Mary, 25; Kate, 7; Mary, S; Jane, i. 
Charles Brady, 30, wire-drawer;^ Bridget, 30; John, 10; Thomas, 7; Charles, 4; 

Henry, 2 ; Rosaiuia, 10 m. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



277 



Elizabeth. 35; Elizabeth, 7; Mary, 4; 



Patrick AIcKan (MtCann), 30; Jara. j8 ; .Mary E., i. 

Hugh Coiilin, 21. 

Charles Roberts, 24. 

Robert Kelly, 24. 

James Doherty, 60; Mary, 48; Bridget. 21; Agnes, 13: Elizabeth, 17; Celia, 8. 

Mary Midgley, 54. 

Patrick Flanagan, 28 ; Elizabeth, 28. 

Mathew Collins, t,2; Margaret, 29; Margaret, 10; Thomas, 3; William, i. 

John Flynn. 59; Sarah, 49; Lawrence, 17; Pater, 14; Mary A., 10; Thomas, 7. 

Mary Kelly, 41. 

John McCormick, 31 : Mary, a; Patrick, 11 ; James, 7; Henry, 5; Mary, 2. 

Francis Smith, 34, macliinist ; Mary, 30; Helen M., 18; Mary F., 2. 

James Murphy, 67. 

Lawrence Dolan. 35; Ellen, 34; Peter, 14: Garett, 12; Charles, 9; Mary A., 6; 
Lawrence, 4 ; Ellen, 2. 

Michael Roarke, 26; Ellen. 24; Mary A.. 4 m. 

Neal Doran, 25; Mary, 2},. 

Owen McGourty, 28; Ann, 23; Charles, 1. 

Patrick Whalen, 33, moulder; Margaret, 40; Patrick, 30; John, 60; John, 20; Mar- 
garet, II ; John, 5; Ella, 2; Ann. 25; John, 4; Peter, 3; Ann, I. 

Patrick Hagerty, 26, gardener. , 

Frank Hannon, 23. 

William Rine (Ryan?), 35. farm laborer; 
Katy, 3 ; Owen, 60. 

Joseph Delaney, 30. | 

Terence Dinneen, 25; Mary, 22; John, I. 

Patrick Lony (Looney), 35; Catherine, 33; James, 7; Mary, 6; Thomas, 4; Timo- 
thy, 3; Willie, I. 

Owen Flynn, 40 ; Catherine, 38 ; James, 2 ; Mary. 4 m. 

Patrick Burke, 36; James, 26; Mary, 29. 

Michael Fitzgerald, 31, blacksmith; Ann. 24; George E., 2; Mary E,, i. 

John Manix (Mannix), 34, blacksmith; Hannah, 35; Mary A.. 3; Catherine. l; 
Margaret. 50. 

Thomas McCann. 35. fireman; Ann, 32; James, 10; Thomas, 7; William J., 4; 
Jane E.. 2. 

Samuel Mawhinney. 31, last maker; Martha. 30; Edwin C. 4. 

John Mawhinney, 2y, last maker ; Ellen, 25. 

James G. Henderson. 55, machinist ; Betsey, 

James A. Hearn, 27. 

Michael. Donovan. 25. 

Luke John, 80. 

Mattliew Moffitt, 23. 

Michael Mahan, 22. 

Dennis Hara, 20. 

John Curley, 30; Catherine, 40. 

John Mackay, 45, farmer ; Mary 
Annie, 11 ; Amelia, 9. 

Mary King. 70; John L., 5. 

John Murra, 20, farm laborer. 

John Cavanagh, 20, farm laborer. 

William O'Brine (O'Brien), 63, farmer (real est, $6,000); Michael H., 26; Han- 
nah M., 24, 

Thomas Halloran, 35, farm laborer; Mary, 27, 

Daniel Conaty, 40, farm laborer. 



^6. 



45; Roger. 21: Mary, 17; Thomas, 15; Ellen, 13; 



278 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Patrick Markey, 73. farmer. 

Thomas Mulcahy. 30. farmer ; Bridget. 30; Matliew, 16; John. 4: James. 7 m. 

Ward Three : 

John Manning, ^5. boot crimper; Ann, 22. 

John McDermott, 38. tailor; Elane, 31. 

Andrew Breeii, 26, wire-drawer; Mary, 28. 

Patrick Murphy, 29, tailor; Catharine, 22; Mary, 2; Ellen, 9 m. 

Michael Tracy, 25. blacksmith; Margaret, 28; Thomas, 5 m; Thomas, 34. 

Michael Mara. 39. tailor; Hannah, 35; Ellen, 9; Mary A., 8; Hannah, 6; Joseph, I. 

Hannah Ryan. 20, tailoress. 

Johannah Doyle, 60 ; James, 35. 

Michael O'Connell. 31, tailor; Mary, 30; Catharine, 2; Morris F.. 2 m. 

Thomas McGillicuddy, i2, brewer; Julia, 30; Ellen J., 3. 

Timothy Mara. 40. gardener. 

John Gallagher, 28. fireman. 

Timotliy Langston. hostler. 

Charles Robinson, ^i- 

James Hickey, 50, Mary, 54. 

Peter Lynch. 16. bootmaker; Ellen, 14. 

John Deneen, 40; Catharine, 40; Patrick, 10. 

John Herlihy, 56; Bridget, 42; Michael, 14;. Morris, 18. 

Patrick Casey, 30. hostler; Hannah. 35; Ellen, 6; Mary J., 4; John, 7 m. 

Hannah Falvey. 80. 

Patrick, McDermott. 30; Ellen, 30; John. 7. 

Thomas Jefiferson, 40, bootmaker; Bridget, 35; Mary A., 9; Patrick. 4; Thomas. I. 

John Matthewson, 28, mason. 

Mary McGrath, 28. cook. 

Daniel Coughlin, 28. shoemaker. 

Martin Coonan, 38, gardener; Ellen, 38; Margaret M., 9; James S., 7; Ellen A., 

3 m- 
Mary Sheehan, 36. 

Owen Reynolds. 22, bootmaker ; Mary, 22. 
Michael Sullivan, 50, moulder; Ellen, 39; James, 21; Margaret, 16; Maria. 14; 

Mary A., 7 ; John, 3. 
Martin Kaine (Kane), 45; Ellen, 31 ; William, 5; John, 4; Mary. 2; James, 15. 
Patrick Moran, 40 ; Margaret, 44. 
Hannah Conlin, ig; Mary A., 17; John, 15; James, 11; Hugh, 9; Ellen, 3; 

Eliza, I m. 
Joseph Hanlon, 44. harness maker. 
Patrick Regan, 24, bootsider. 
Michael Martin. 22, boot bottomer. 
James Conlan, 24, boot bottomer. 
Dominie Tivnar, 25. 
Patrick Sheridan. 23. boot bottomer. 
John Toomey, 45, shoemaker ; Honora, 40. 
Samuel Wright, 35, shoemaker ; Bridget, 40. 

Dennis Driscoll, 40, teamster; Honorah, 39; John, 18, moulder; Margaret, 14. 
James McCormack, 40, gardener; Mary, 34; Mary E., i. 
Michael McNamara, 28. blacksmith. 
Michael Courley, 21. moulder. 
Michael Gahire, 39. teamster. 
Jeremiah Deegan. 2^,. blacksmith. 
Lawrence Brougham. 18. moulder. 



AND ITS PIIOPI.F. 279 

James Flood, 30, brakcinan ; Catlierine. 35 : Elizabeth. 3. 

Thomas B. 0'Xt.'ilI. 45; Mary. 35: Andrew. 18: John O., 15; Catherine. 13; 
Thomas, 9; James. 7; Mary. 4. 

Michael Lyons. 35, tailor: Bridget. 30; Mary. 9; Timothy, 7; John, 5: Charles, i. 

James Roach, 38 ; Catharine, 35 ; Agnes. 5 ; Theresa. 2. 

Patrick Marony. 40, Melia, 22; Margaret. 16: Mary. 14: Patrick, 13. 

Maria Kennedy, 31, seamstress; Edward, 4. 

Margaret Marshall. ;',i. laundress; Elizabeth. 3. 

Thomas Moore. 411. biidt-trecr : Kliza. 50 (Sj.oiio r. e. ; S3.ou(j iiers.) ; C. Maria. li; 
Margaret E.. o; l''.ll<-n. 3; Tlmmas J.. ; m. 

Eleanor O'Connor. 51. 

William Gibson, i2. hrakenian ; Mary. 34. 

Christopher Mastison, jO. nia-on ; Sarah. 27; Thomas. 5; .Sarah, i. 

James Dayne (Duaneri. jo. machinist: Mary. 27: E. M. Jane, 3. 

Anthony Devereaux. 50; Margaret. 34; Maurice, 9; Jane. 9; Mary, 7; John. 3; 
Margaret, i. 

Johanna Hogan, 60. 

Patrick McAvoy. 40; Ann. 39: Marx. 11 : Margaret, u. 

Martin Maloy, 30, tailor; Margaret, 29; John. 2. 

P. O'Connell, 27, shoemaker; Alice, 28; Charles, O; Daniel. 4, 

Felix McCann, 33, mason; Jnhannah. 40; Sarah A.. 10; Mary A., 5; John, 3. 

Patrick Hartigan, 30; Mary, 2t<: Willie, i. 

Peter Trainor, 22, boot bottomer ; Margaret, 21 ; Jane. 9 m. 

Mary McCann, Oo. 

David Tery (Terry I, 44, shoemaker; Ami, 40; Margaret. 17; Mary. 16; John. 3. 

George Rafferty, 39, stone mason; Ann, 42; Michael. 10; Sar;ih .\.. ii. 

Francis McNulty, 38; hostler; Jane, 34; Ami J.. 13; Michael, 11; James 10; Wil- 
liam, 8; Mary E., 4; Francis, 10 m. 

Thomas Fleming, 45, moulder; Bridget. 35; James. 16; Mary A., 15; Thomas 14. 

James Boyle, 40, boot treer ; Peter, 17, bootmaker; Mary P., 14; .\nna, 7; Ber- 
nard, 5. 

John Fahy (Fahey), 28; Mary, 63. 

Francis McDermott, 35; Ellen. 30; Mary. 7; Francis. 2; James, 2 m. 

Samuel McFadden, 30, moulder; Catherine. 30; Samuel, 9; Mary A., 7; Charles, 
6; Hannah, 4; Thomas, 2; John, i m. 

Samuel McFadden. 65. 

Michael Aloore. 22. lieater ; Kllen. 19. 

Patrick Phelan. 50; Johanna. 40. laundress. 

Daniel Foley, 37, grocer; Ellen. 32; John. 4: Hoiiora. 8 m. 

John Lennehan. 28. hostler ; Catherine. 24. 

Michael Hacknett (Hackett?), 30; Johanna, 25; Terry. 4; Micliael, 3; John, 3 m. 

Jerry Sullivan, 35, tailor; Margaret, 30; Dennis. 4; Daniel. 3; John. i. 

Elizabeth Collins. 60. 

Felix Devlin, 28, bo.xmaker ; Honora. 2y ; Arthur. 5; Daniel 4; Sarah J., 2; John 
F.. 2 m. 

John Donahue, 45; Mary, 31; Catherine. 14; Michael. 9; John, 7; Daniel, 3; 
Ellen, 4 m. 

Peter Gallagher. 25. shoemaker; Catharine, 26; Mary E., 2; John, i ; George. 3 m. 

Michael Murphy, 30; Mary, 28; Cornelius, 8; James, 6; Michael, 4; Jeremiah, i. 

James Doyle, 26; Ann, 28; Mary A., 4; James, i. 

Patrick Sullivan, 30, heater; Julia. 2^\ Mary, 4; Abby, I. 

Owen Carrol, 62; Mary, 61. 

William Brown. 25 ; Ellen, 24. 
Patrick Day (0'Day),34; Mary. 34; Xtargaret, 5; Mary, i. 



28o HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Edwin Moore, 55: Margaret. 35; Patrick. 13; John, 10; Margaret. 8; Bridget, 5; 

Alice, 3 ; Edmond. 8 in. 
Cornelius Finnegan, 28: .lohanna. 30; Ellen. 7; Honora, 6; >4ichael, 4; John, 2. 
Jeremiah Buckley, 32; Margaret, 33. 
Hugh McCann, 50; Alice, 30; Arthur, 9; Ann, 7; John, 6; William, 4; Hugh, 2; 

Mary A., g m. 
Xancy Riley, 80. 

Eliza McCann, 35, laundress; Mary A., 12; Sarah, 6; Charles, 4; Eliza, i. 
Edward Doonan, 22 ; Mary, 23 ; Thomas, 1 m. 
Ross McCann, 28, machinist; Mary. 27; James D., 8; Roger T., 6; Hugh T., 5; 

Eliza J., I. 
Ann Riley, ,?o, hoarding house; James. 9; Catharine, 6. 
Thomas Moran, 30, wire drawer: Mary, 26; Thomas, 9; Catharine, 6; Ann, 2; 

James, 2. 
Maurice Nelligan, 44, bootmaker; Bridget, 34; John, 12; Michael, 11 ; Margaret. 8; 

Maurice, 6 ; Mary, 4 ; Catharine, 3 ; Bridget, 9 m. 
Thomas Sheehan, ij ; Hannah, 35; James, 11; John, 9; Hannah, i. 
Patrick Mahan, 35, heater ; Eliza, 26 ; Peter F., 8 ; Eliza J., 7 ; William H., 5. 
James Sheehan, 40; Xancy. 30; Eliza. 14; Mary, 11 ; William, 9; Anna, 5; Ellen, 4; 

Margaret. 10 m. 
James Gillick. 2(1; Mary. 23: John L.. 11 m. 
James Boyle, 26. 
Richard Boynes, 39. painter. 
Michael McCoy, 26; Rosanna, 20: Edward, i. 

John Sullivan, 40, carpenter; Johanna, 35: Thomas. 14; Ellen, 9; Honora. 7; Jo- 
hanna, 4; Edward, i m. 
Catherine Gill. 40, seamstress; Anna, 13, 

Rev. John J. Power, 31 ($2,700 r. e. : $1,500 pers) ; Agnes. 16. 
John McCarty. 13. 
Hannah Tanzy, 40. 
Helena Kelleher, 10. 
Mary Welch, 34; laundress; Bridget, 8; Edmond, 6; Bridget, 26, seamstress; 

Mary McDonald, 4, 
Martin Callaghan (Calahan), 30, grocer; Ellen, 26; Ann J., i. 
Thomas Donahue. 35; Johanna, 30; John, 10; Honora. 5; Ellen, 4; Thomas, 10 m. 
William Lee, 30, bootmaker: Mary. 32: Elizabeth. 11; W'illie, 8; Catherine, 2; 

Edward, 3 m. 
John Campbell, 26: Mary, 27; Michael, 6; Ann, 4; Mary, 2; John, 4 m; Mary, 19, 
Dennis Casey, 31 ; Ellen, 30; Margaret, 10; John, 8; Mary, 6; Ellen, 3; Patrick, 10. 
Michael Carrolan or Canolan. 40; Julia, 29: Mary J., 10; Margaret, 5; Julia, 2; 

Timothy, 7 m. 
John Travers, 30, bootmaker; Mary, 30; Patrick, 5; Mary, 2; William, 7 m; 

Ellen, 56. 
John Connor, 41 ; Johanna, ^^ ; Eliza J., 5 ; John F., 8 m. 
Peter McDonald, ^o, truckman; Ann, 26, ($1,300 r. e., $200 pers), 
Arthur C. O'Xeill, 41 ; Mary A., 6 m. 
John M. Craig, 30; Bridget. 2~.\ Daniel. 8; John. 6; Bridget, 5; Mary, 3; James. 

10 m. 
Thomas Leonard, 35; -Ann, 28; Thomas. 13: Bridget, 7; John, 6; Mary .A., 4; 

Lydia, 2. 
Jatnes Leonard. 40; Catherine, 33. 
Thomas Kelly, 60; Bridget, 60. 

Cornelius O'Connor, 40, grocer; Mary, 19; Julia, 8; Ellen, 5; Margaret, 3; Mary I. 
John Shorten, 55; Bridget, 40; Patrick, 20, bootmaker; David, 19, bootmaker; 



AND ITS PEOPLE 281 

Mary A.. 18. lailoress; Catharine, 16; Michael, 13. 

Patrick Flynn, 45 ; Catharine, 40 ; Ann, 9 ; Margaret, 7. 

Jeremiah SnlHvan, 40; Catharine. 30; John, 4: William, i. 

Mary Kcenan. 45 ; Patrick. 20 : Thomas. 12. 

Mary Howard, 40, seamstress; Martin. 12: Julia. 10; Thomas, 5 

Neil McGowan. 33: Bridget, 26: Michael. 7: William. 6; Mary, 4. 

Peter Laughlin. 50: Catherine, 17; John. 14; Bridget, 11; Peter, 8. 

John Grady. 50. 

Michael Keegan. 50: Catharine. 49. 

Patrick McGowan, 48; Bridget. 48. 

Martin Joyce. 20; carpenter; Mary. 19; Michael F.. 7 m. 

Thomas Madden. 30. wire'drawer : Julia. 30; Michael J.. 12; John F., 9; Mary E., 

5 ; Catherine F., 4. 
James Finneran, 50 ( r. e. $500; $50 pers ) ; Bridget. 40; John, 16. 
John Benigan (Bannigan). 40: Catherine, 4(/ ; William, 11; John, 8; Edward, 5; 

Catherine, 2 ($1,500 r. e. : $75 pers.) 
James Lally. 30; Bridget, 30; Mary J.. 2. 
Thomas Brown. 50; Hannah. 49 ($700 r. e. ) 
Patrick Keegan. 48; .Ann. 35; Julia. 8; Anna. 2. 

William McDevitt, 35; Catherine. 36; Elizaheth. 6; James. 5; Ella, 3. 
David Brown. 35. 
Francis Leary. 50 ($500 r. e.. $30 pers. I. Mary, 38; Catherine, 11 ; Francis, 6; 

Julia. i(). 
Julia McCarthy. 30. laundress ; Timothy. 23. tailor ; Catherine. 22. 
Munough Kearns. 38; Bridget. 38; Thomas. 12; Edward, 10; Maria, 8; Joseph, i. 
Dennis Kerwin. 38; Mary. 37. 

Daniel O'Brien. 35. chandler; Mary A.. 26; Anna, 3. 

Michael McCauley. 40. grocer; Mary. 30; Margaret. 12; John, 3; Michael F., 8 m. 
Edward Coffee. 40; Ellen, 34; Mary. 9; Terrence. 5; Margaret, 2. 
Timothy Quirk. 39; Honora. 39; Catherine. 8; Mary A., 2. 

Thoinas Sheehan. 38. fireman; Bridget. 32: John. 11; James, g; Thomas, 6; Dan- 
iel. 2. 
Maurice Higgins, 32: Margaret. 25: William, 2; Maurice, i. 
Timothy Sullivan. 30 : Ellen. 32 ; Ellen. 6 : Margaret. 3 : Daniel, 3 ; Johanna. 4 m. 
John Meenan. 39: Ellen. 30; John. i. 

Timothy O'Sullivan. 29, moulder; Johanna. 28; Mary A.. 2. 
Thomas D. Donahue. 50. wheelwright; Catherine. 50; Daniel, 21; John, 10; Mary 

A.. 6. 
Patrick McGillicuddy. 28. wheelwright ; flllen. 19. 
Cornelius Connor. 33. mason ; Bridget. 32. 
Thomas Fitzgerald. 32: Johanna. 28; Margaret, 8; Johanna. 5; Julia, 2; Mary, 

9 m. 
Nicholas Ferriter. 34; Elizabeth. 31 ; Michael, 6; James, 5; John, 2. 
Francis Flanigan, 47. bootmaker; Ann. 41 ; Charles. 19: Peter, g. 
Timothy Horrigan, currier; Julia. 

John O'Neil. 35. blacksmith ; Ellen. 29 ; Mary E.. 6 ; Edward J., 5 ; Timothy P.. 6 m. 
Daniel Fitzgerald. 27; Bridget. 27: Eliza. 3. 
Martha McDermott. 26 ; Catherine. 28. 
Marcus Cronin. 35. carpenter; Ellen. 34; Jeremiah. 6: Cornelius. 4; Joseph, 2; 

Mary A., i m. 
Peter Henry, 35, flagman ; Catharine. 30; Mary. 13; John, 10; Margaret, 8; Ellen, 6. 
Francis Fitzgerald. 31; Ellen. 30; Francis. 8. 
Peter Hefferan. 23: Elizabeth. 2S- Mao E.. 5 ni. 
Anna Kennedy. 49. shoe binder. 



282 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Catherine Kennedy, 45, shoe binder. 

Patrick Cunniff, 45 ; Catherine, 40. 

Ellen Craven, 35, seamstress ; Catherine. 10 ; William. 8 ; Mary A., 4. 

Edward Fallon, 35; Margaret, 30; John, 9; William, 2; Bridget, 30, seamstress; 
Ellen, 6; William. 3. 

Patrick Welch, 32; Margaret, 32; Mary J., 6; John, 3; William, I. 

Margaret Sullivan, 30; Michael, 11; Patrick, 8: John, 6; Daniel. 3; Mary A.. 3. 

James Scanlon, 40; Johanna. 40; Johanna. 9; Margaret, 6. 

John Collins, 33; Mary, a; Charles. 12; Timothy. 9; Mary A.. 5: Frank, 4; 
John, 5 m. 

William Fennelon, 30. currier; Bridget. 25. 

Catherine McCarthy. 60. 

Thomas Fennelon, 33: Catherine, 32; John. 7: Elizabeth. 3; William. I. 

Mary McCarthy, 55 ; Dennis, 22 ; John, 20. 

Patrick Finneran. 34 ; Ellen. 29. 

Patrick Connors, 17; Timothy, 15; Honora, 13. 

John Madden, 66 ; Mary, 40. 

Peter Cosgrove, 16, bootmaker; Michael. 14. 

Daniel Madden, 7 ; Ella. 4 ; John, 2. 

Dennis Murphy, 50; Mary. 40; Timothy. 13: Jeremiah. 11 ; Margaret. 8: Mary E., 
6; Ellen, i m. 

John Gallagher, 30; Bridget, 30; Michael, 4; Margaret, 3; Delia, 9 m. 

Mary Finneran, 36; Thomas, 13; Bridget, 10; Mary, 6; Catherine, 4. 

Daniel O'Leary, 30; Ellen, 24; Mary, 3; John, i. 

Michael Ryan, 37, grocer; Mary, 24; Honora. 3. 

Mary Henright, 36 ; Mary, 6 ; Ann, 5 ; John, 3. 

William Doody, 40; Mary, 30; Mary, 9; Ellen. 7. 

Patrick Buckley, 41 ; Catherine, 50. 

Dennis Connors, 40; Johanna, 30; John. 7; Mary. 5; Ellen. 3; Daniel. I. 

Daniel Carter, 42; Julia, 43. 

Ellen Healy, 33; John, 14; George T., 12. 

Edward Cunningham, 35; Ellen, 30; John, 10; Honora, 5; Peter, 4; Michael, 2. 

Timothy Minnehan, 45, blacksmith; Johanna, 35; Mary, 7; Johanna, 4. 

Dennis Scanlon, 48; Johanna, 34; Ellen, 10; John, 7; James, 3; Michael, 6 m. 

Cornelius Collins, 40: Margaret, 40; Timothy, 13; Margaret, 9; James, 7; Wil- 
liam, 4. 

Thomas Slattery, 30 ; Mary, 26 ; Dominick. 6 ; Margaret, 4 ; Joseph, 2 ; Mary. 8 m. 

Hannah Donahue, 2i< tailor; Michael, 8; Florence, 6. 

Patrick Cooney, 25, moulder; Margaret, 25; Hannah, 4; Daniel, 2; Margaret. II m. 

Bernard Fallon, 35; Bridget, 25; Mary A., 6; Catherine, 4; Margaret, 6 m. 

Nicholas Dunn, 32; Catherine, 35; Mary A., 8; John, 4. 

Martin Purcell, 36; Bridget, 34; Catherine, 10; Edward, 9; Mary, 5; John and 
Ann, 5 m. 

William Finneran, 65 ; Patrick, 24, machinist ; John, 20, shoemaker. 

Patrick Glynn, 35 ; Bridget, 50. 

John Wallace, 30; Catherine, 25; Mary, 6; John. 4: Edward, 3; Bridget, 2; Cath- 
erine, 3 m. 

John Finneran, 53; Catherine, 40; John, 11 ; William, 8; James, 6. 

Patrick Finneran, 28; Bridget, 21. 

Mary A. Scuddy, 60; Mary, 9; Bridget, 7. 

Patrick Toner, 60; Margaret, 45. 

Daniel Cooney, 59; Anna, 50; Winifred, 30; Patrick, 28; James, 20; Bernard, 17; 
John, 13. 

Winifred Kelly, 36; Edward, 13; John, 12: Bridget, 10; Walter, 8; Mary A., 6. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



-'S3 



Edward Kelly, 50; Jane, ,;_' ; Thomas, to; William, 14; Michael, ir: John, g; 

Agnes, }. 
Ellen Finneran, 44; Patrick. .'4: William. 22. 

Mary Kneeland, 09 : Bridget. _'0. tailoress ; Ellen, servant; Andrew, teamster. 
Bernard Glennon, 40: Ellen. 28: Catherine. 4: Mary. 2; Bridget, 4 m. 
Edward Murjihy, 28 ; Ellen, 26 ; Mary .A.. : Edward. 6 m. 
Patrick Kennedy, 28; Mary. 29,: Ellen. 8: John. 7: Thomas. 4: James, 2. 
Catherine Kelly, 74. 

Philip Shaunassy ( .Shaughnessy 1. 20: Mary A.. 27: William, 5: Thomas J ' 
Michael Kallaliar. ,?,,. hIackMimh ; Hannah. .?o : Marv E.. :; ; Patrick, v Michael 

n m. 
John Donoghue. 27. tailor: Kllen. 19: Ellen. 4: Maria. 2. 
James McDonald. 28; Mary. 33; John. 5: Patrick, i. 
John Burke, 19, blacksmith ; Ellen, 22. 
Patrick O'Hagan, 28, blacksmith: Catherine. 22: Peter, i. 
Felix McKean, 44. 
James Henry, 24; Ellen. ,30, 

Walter Henry, 39, real estate broker ($15,000 r. e. ; SvJO pers. I 
Patrick Kelly, 37, boot-fitter: Susan. 33: Henry T.. m ; Charles E.. 12- Susan o- 

Mary A., 6; Patrick. 4: John, i. ' ' 

Edward Carroll. 40, blacksmith ; Mary A.. 3.=^ : Edward, 4 ; Cornelius, i • Wil- 
liam, 10. ' 

Eliza Corey. 47: Patrick. 17: J..hn. 15; Michael. 20. b,,iler .laker : Margaret ^0 

Peter Fields, 46, tarm laborer: Philina, 47: P. Vidia ( ?), 18: Israel G 16 • Han- 
nah M., 14: John E. H., 13: Emily R., 11. 

Elizabeth Toole, 50, ($2,000 r. e.. Sioo pers.) ; John, 21 ; Timothv "o 

Michael Broderick, 30, wire-drawer: Ellen, 30: John. 9: Edward. 5: il.chael. 4; 
Fergus, 3: Timothy, i ni. : Stephen, i m. (twin). 

Bridget Crow, 60. 

John Kneeland, 55. 

Michael McDermott. 29, heater: Ann, 26: Margaret, 5: Thomas - 

Owen O'Toole, 45 ( S2.000 r. e.. Sioo pers.); Ann. 44; Patrick, i;; Pater, 12- 
Catherine. 10. ~ ' 

Thomas Sullivan, 50: Mary. 45: Adeline. 8. 

Hugh Xorton, 35, tailor: Ann, 36: Sarah. 10: Mary. 8. 

Patrick Alarony. 32: Bridget. 35: Michael F.. 2: Marv. 75. 

Thomas, Talbot. 4.=; ($100 r. e.. Sioo pers. ) : Hannah. 30; Marv, 8- Catherine 4- 
Henry, 4 m. ' 

Catherine Denahy. 40: Johanna. 15: Marv, n: Daniel 5 

John McXamara, 40: Bridget, 35; .l-hn, 9 ! William, 8 : Francis. 5 : Lawrence ri 

Patrick Murphy, 30; Abby, 30: John, 3; Mary, i. 

Thomas Cunningham, 29; Hannah, 24; Ami M., 7 m. ($1,100). 

Thomas Daley, 40: Margaret, 30: John, 3: Margaret. 2: '.Marv E.. 3 m 

Patrick Connors, 26: Bridget. 25: Ellen, i m. 

Michael Hines, 27; Margaret. 24: John. 2: Mary. 3 m. 

Thomas Murphy, 29; Ann, 27; lames. 2. 

John Duffy, 25; Margaret, 24: Patrick, 3; Mary A., i : Ellen, i m. : Mary 60 

Martin Joyce, 35 ($1,900) ; Ann, 30: Thomas. 11 : William. 7; Roxana. 3;'Marv -^ 

Matthias Finneran, 30; Bridget, 23: \fargaret, 3. '" " 

Michael Hefferan, 23 : Bridget, 23, : William, 2. ' 

Bernard Connor, 45 ; Mary, 3; : Mary, 60. 

Bridget Houlihan. 50, laundress. 
John Toner. 50 : Catherine, 40. 



m. 



284 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

James Burns, 40; Bridget, 39; Bridget, 13; Elizabeth, 6; Honora, 3; James, i. 

Patrick Sweeney, 35 (1,600) ; Mary, 30; William, 8; Mary A., 6; Thomas, 6 m. 

Patrick Ash, 29, painter; Mary. 39; Thomas, 7: William, 4; Elizabeth, 2. 

Edward Fitzpatrick, 30; Elizabeth. 68. 

Christopher Fitzpatrick, 26; Ann, 30; Margaret. 2; Edward, 4 m. 

Jeremiah Toomey, 35; Johanna, 30: Jeremiah. 10; Johanna, 8; John, 2. 

\\'illiam Kehoe, 35, bootmaker: Mary, 30; Mary A., g; Christina, 7; Eliza. 5; 
Ellen J., I. 

Peter McGull, 48; Catherine. 48. 

Thomas McGrath, 19; Bernard. 19. moulder. 

Patrick Toner, 47; Mary A.. 32: Michael. 15. barber; Thomas. 13; Ellen, 5; An- 
thony, 2 ; Mary A., i m. 

Catherine Connor, 50. 

John Hogan, 42, wire-drawer: Catherine. 30: John T.. 4: Timothy J., 1. 

Daniel Hurley, 23; Bridget, 26,: John. 3: Mary. J4. 

Timothy Hogan, 41: Nancy, },2: Elizabeth. 7: Mary. 4: Ellen, 2. 

Patrick Welch, 13. 

Hannah O'Brien, 30: shoe binder: Philip T., 12: Timothy, 10; Bernard, 5. 

Michael Loftus, 40, saloon keeper; Ann. 40. 

Patrick Kelly, 60, peddler; Margaret. 60; Thomas, 8. 

John Connolly, 38, boot-finisher: Ellen. 34; Mary, n ; Ann, 8; Michael, 3; Thomas 
F., 3 m. 

Patrick Lyons, 25. bootmaker: Margaret. 23; Mary. 2. 

David Gardner, 25; Mary, 30; Bridget. 3; Thomas, i. 

Charles Nugent, 44, watchman: Jane. 30: Thomas. 10; John, 8; Charles, 6; Wil- 
liam, 4; Mary J., 2. 

John Redican, 50, umbrella peddler: Bridget. 43; Peter, 19, wire-drawer; Mary, 
17; Margaret, 15: Edward. 11 ; Ann. 9: James. 7; John, 5; Catherine, 8 m. 

Brian McSweeny, 41; Ellen. 30: Margaret. 4: Brian. 2; Catherine, 13. 

Thomas Sullivan, 30; Mary, 31 : Michael J., 2: Mary A., i. 

James Trainor, 27; Ellen, 30; Ro.xana, 3; Ellen M., 10 m. 

Maurice Moriarty, 50; Nancy, 50; Thomas, 14. 

James Sullivan, 55 ; Catherine. 45 ; Mary A.. 12. 

Bridget Monahan, 38 ; Bartholomew. 8 : Thomas. 6. 

Michael Sheehan. 30; Mary. 24. tailoress. 

Daniel Anglum. 55. ( L, 550): Ellen. 50; John, 17; Ellen A., 13; Johanna, 9; 
Daniel, 6. 

Daniel Cronan, 45 ($3,100): Bridget. 38; Cornelius, 12; Hannah, 9; Joseph, 6; 
Mary A., 2. 

P. E. Rattigan, 30, moulder; Bridget. 2~,: Harriet M., 5; Ella F., 2; John Bernard, 
5 m. 

John Madden. 34. chandler: Bridget. 34: James. 5; John. 2; Martin, 7. 

James Brady, 40 ; Bridget, 57 ; Patrick. 30. bootmaker ; Ann, 36. 

Thomas Howard, 30. bootmaker ; Mary. 24 ; A\'illiam. 4 ; Mary A., 8 m. 

Francis Mahon, 40 ; Bridget, 39 ; Mary. 5. 

Patrick Ryan. 30. wire-drawer. ($1,600) ; Bridget. 30; Mary, 11 ; Sarah A., 9; Mar- 
garet, 5 ; John. 3 ; James W., 6 m. 

Pater Agneu (Agnew), 25, tailor; Catherine. 22; Thomas F., 2; John, I. 

John Mullins, 33, teamster ; Elizabeth, 29. 

Martin Gildea, 43 ($4,100) : Mary. 33: Ellen. 10: Margaret. 6; James, 4; John, 1. 

Michael Welch, 23. 

Patrick Kelly, 35. 

James Leonard. 23. 

Dennis Murphy. 22. hostler. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 285 



John Murphy, 23. machinist 

Charles McCanri, 35, bootmaker: Susan. 35: Mary C. 6; Elizabeth. 4; Thomas. 9 m. 

Connor O'Brien, 2i, machinist: Margaret. 2^: James. 9 m. 

John McGee, 30, bootmaker: Catherine. 20; Jane. 7. 

Terence O'Connor, 30. 

Daniel Garvey. 25, currier : Catherine. 30 ; Johanna, i : Ellen, 18. 

Martin McGee, 24 : Bridget. 22 ; Thomas. 2. 

Michael Donohue, 26. moulder: Mary. 25. 

Patrick Hayes, 40; Edmond. 10. 

Thomas Kelly. 42. blacksmith: Alice. 48: John. 13: John. 63. 

Thomas Monaghan. 35. hostler: Mary. 37: Mary A.. 10; Elizabeth, 6; Catherine 

L.. 3 ; John F.. 2 m. 
Miles Ford, 35, tailor ; Bridget. 20. 

Cornelius Harty, 40, blacksmith: Sarah. 35: Margaret. 10: Sarah J. 
Cornelius Shea, 30, tailor: Catherine. 27; Michael. 5; Catherine, 4; Mary, 3: 

Dennis, 5 m. 
Peter Miles, 19. tailor. 
Dennis Shea. 21, tailor. 
Maurice Power, 22. bookkeeper : Mary, 20 
John J. O'Gorman. 21. tailor: Ann. 2,^. 
John Morton, 30, moulder: Isabella. 26: .-Xnn. r. 

Thomas Hessing. 30: Rose. 22: Mary A., 4: James. 2: Thomas F., 7 m 
Patrick Morgan. 35: Alice. ^3: Margaret. 15; Ellen. 13: Michael. 10: Edward. 3; 

Thomas. 4 m. 
Owen McCort, 30; Bridget. 2^: Mary. i. 

Margaret Brady. 34: Margaret. 7; Sarah A., 5: John. 3; Mary J., I. 
John Kelly, 33: Mary. 30: James. 9: Charles, 7: Mary, 2: Ann, i m. 
Thomas Cook. 23 : Catherine. 21 : Mary. 3 : John. 10 m. 
James Moore. 23. 

James Burke. 61) : Xancy, 60: Thomas. 10: Maurice. 13. 
Peter Cunningham. 5. tailor: Ann. 35: Ann. 16; Mary, 12: James, 10; John, 8; 

Ellen. 3 : Sarah C . i. 
Sarah Boylan. 60 : Catherine. 30. 
Lawrence McGuiggan. 35. machinist: Mar\ A.. 8: Thomas. 6: Lawrence, 4, 

James. 2. 
John Dolan. 30: Mary. 34; Thomas. 9: John H., 7: Peter, r. 
Mary Flanagan. 30; Johamia, 13: Catherine, j. 
Thomas Barry. 33 ; Ann. 23. 
David Herlihy. 42; Aim. 32: Mary. 26. 
Thomas Finn, hostler. 25; Mary. 25: Mary. i. 
James M, Drennan, 27. carpenter; Sarah 23; Mary, i 

Patrick Doherty, 37; Mary, 32: Ann. 9: Bridget, 7: John. 5: Thomas. 3: Michael. 2. 
Thomas Quinn, 28, farm laborer ; Bridget. 26 ; John. 9 ; Mary, 6 ; Francis. 2. 
Edward Joyce. 30, farm laborer: Mary. 31: John. 4: Mary A.. 3: Edward. 9 m. : 

Annie. 8 : John, 6. 
Patrick Rogers, 26, farm laborer: Ann, 30: Catherine. 9 m. 

Ward Four: 

Hugh Horan, 70. farmer : Bridget, 'io. 
Patrick Curley, 30, teamster; Catharine, 34. 
Augustus Hubberton, 30. currier; Delia ^L, 6; Augustus X.. 3. 
Maurice Cashell (Cahill?), 29, boot-maker; Margaret, 24; Mary E., 7 m. 
Andrew Crow. 40: Sarah. 42: Margaret Murphy, 22; James Crow, 6: Catharine 
William, 4 m. 



286 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



John Rice. 25. mason; Ann. 25; Harriet. 6: James. 4; Bernard, 2. 

Michael Coffee, 35 ; Catherine. 32 : Honora. 9 ; William, 7. 

.■\nn Smith, 30; Isabella, 6. 

Matthew Darcy, 30; Hannah. 31 ; Helena. 5. 

Ellen Finton, 70. 

John Donohue, wire-drawer, 20. 

Robert Rohan, 19, molder. 

John Barry, 30. 

Frank McDermott, 35, wool sorter. 

Joseph Smith, umbrella maker. 30. 

Owen Toner. 35. 

John Clarke, boot finisher. 

Michael Welsh, 30; Bridget, 35: Martin. 3. 

Patrick Gray, 25 ; Thomas, 22. 

Michael Riley, 36; Catharine, 34; May. 5: Johanna, 3: Catharine, 3 ni. 

Bridget Connell, 60; Daniel, 2^. bootmaker: John, do. 

Timothy Murphy. 30; Mary. 30: Julia. 4: Ellen. 3: John, i. 

James Cronan. 36, carpenter: Mary. 34: John. 7: James, 3; Ellen. 7 m. 

Timothy Courtney, 39: Bridget. 38: Patrick. 16: John. 12; Timothy, fc; Daniel, 6; 

Dennis, 4: Michael, 2. 
Daniel O'Neill, 32; Abby, 27; Mary, i. 
Jeremiah Donaghue. 35, tailor: Julia, 30; Timothy, 13: Margaret, 5; Jerry, 4; 

Honora, 3; Mary, 10 m. 
Patrick Courtney, 34, moulder: Mary. 28: Catharine, 6; Lawrence, 4; William, i. 
Catharine McTierney, 30: Winifred. 8: John. 6; Sarah, 5; Mary A., 3. 
Patrick Burke, 44, carpenter: Ann. 44: Michael. 16; Charles, 14; George, 12; 

John. 10; Hannah, 62. 
Thomas Logan, 33; Mary. 33: Roxanna. 5; Miles. 3: Catharine, 2; Ellen, 5 m. 
James McCormick, 33 ; Hannah. 32 : Mary J.. 9 m. 
Michael Goffe, 40: Winifred. 40: John F.. 14. 
John Phelan. 50: Margaret. 50: Mary. 18: Martin. 16; Patrick. 13; Catharine, 12; 

Bridget, 10: John. 8: Walter. 7: Thomas F.. 5. 
Jeremiah Connors, 40; Ellen. 39; Mary A.. 11; Ellen, 7. 

James Canavan. 40; Catharine. 49: James. 10: Eliza. 9; Catharine, 6; Edward, I. 
Thomas McKeon. 22, dry goods clerk. 
Roxanna Canavan. 96. 

William H. Foley, 44, grocer: Ann. 3S; John, n : Catharine, 7; Mary, 3. 
Daniel Sullivan, 43 ; Julia, 42. 
Michael Conner, 20. file maker. 
Jane Garrity, 55; James, 18; Michael. 16. tailors. 
Daniel Kilfoy, 30: Margaret, 28; Daniel. 4: Anna. 3 m. 
Thomas Finn. 30; Mary A., 27: Mary A.. 2. 
James Gunnigle, 28 ; Ann, 28 ; John. 2. 

Connor Kanais (?), 40; Ann. 30: Thomas. 6: Elizabeth, 4; John, 2. 
James Coleman, 35 ; Bridget. 30 ; Margaret. 7 : Anna M.. 4 ; Ella F., 10 m. 
Stephen Connors, 28, carriage trimmer; Harriet, 27; Ella, I. 
Dennis Kilfoy, 25, wire-drawer: Mary, 26: Hannah M., i. 
Ellen Hanafan. 47; Patrick. 20. machinist; Daniel, 14. 
Thomas Kearns. 40; Johanna. 30: Mary. 9: Michael. 6; Pierce, 2. 
Michael McLaughlin, 28; ^lary. 25. 
Thomas McCann, 45. boot-maker : Rosa. 50. 
John Kearns, 30; Mary, 23: Dennis. 5 m. 
Michael McGrath, 40 ; Margaret, 40 ; Eliza, i : Hannah. 45. 
James Daly. 37. tailor; Bridget. 31 ; Timothy. 7; Thomas, 6; James, 6 m. 



AXD ITS PEOPLE 287 

James Cotton, 35. machine painter: Margaret. j8 : Catherine, i; Mary, i m. 

Thomas Healy, 47; Margaret, 48; John, 20. 

Michael Mallighaii. 40; Johanna. 40; Ellen. 7: William, n ; Mary. 4: Thomas, 2. 

James Powers. 30; Johanna. 25; John. 7 m. 

Ann Kelleher. 70; John, 40: Margaret. 38: Ellen. 31. 

Michael Kearnan, 28: Angnsta. 28; Roxanna. 5: Martha. 2: Mary A., i. 

Patrick Healy. 25. black-imith : Jane. 28: Catherine O'Xeill, 6; James Healy, 3; 
Mary A.. 2. 

Edward Barry. 26 ; Johanna. 26 : Elizabeth. 4 : James. 2. 

Andrew Athy. 28. bootmaker: Jane. 29; Mary J.. 8: Frances M., 5: James W., 
2 : Margaret. 2 ni. 

Margaret Malloy. 46; Henry. 20; Mary. 18. 

James Carney, 40: Margaret. 38: Catherine. 13: .^nn. 7; John Darny. 10. 

John Morrisey, 28 : Mary, 28 : Mary. 4 : James, 7 : Margaret. 2 : Thomas, 2 m. 

James Duffy, carpenter, 63 : Julia. 62. 

James Xolan. 35, tailor; Catharine. 30: James. 2: Margaret J., 2 m. 

Maria Quilty, 50; Maria. 20. tailoress ; James. 18. bootmaker. 

Catharine Donovon, 70 ($1,500). 

Eliza McGrath, 38: Thomas. 18: Mary. 16: John, 7: William. 2. 

Thomas \\"elch. 38, marble cutter ($2,000) ; Ann. 38 : Thomas, 7 : Mary A., 5 ; Eliza- 
beth, 3 : William, i. 

Michael Galvin, 32: Ellen. 30. 

Stephen Waters. 21. tailor: Mary. 24: Thomas M., 7 m. 

John Bresnihan, 45, grocer: Anna, 40: Elizabeth J., g. 

John Gibbons. 45; Elizabeth, 40; Jeremiah Lynch, 47: Catherine. 35. 

James Austin. 29. currier: Bridget. 20; Michael, 5; Ellen. 2. 

Ellen Delany. 40: John 17. printer: Mary, 15; William. 8. 

John Madigan, 35; Mary, 40. boarding house: Mary. 13: Jatnes, 8; Thomas, 3. 

Catharine McMurray, 36, boarding house: Edward, 19, currier; James, 13; Barney, 
10: Mary A., 7; Catharine, 2. 

Bernard Gunnigle, 50: Felix, 21 : Patrick, 23. 

Patrick Leary, 37; Ellen, 32; John, 9: Daniel, 7: Mary, 5: Patrick. 4: Dennis, 11 m. 

Michael Dowd, 35, tailor; .\bby. 2^: Mary A., 4: Catharine, i, 

James Maloney, 27 : Margaret, 28 : Mary, 9 m. 

Patrick Burke, 30: Ellen, 30; Ellen, 4: Mary, 3; Michael, I, 

James Quirk, 35, hotel waiter ; Catharine, 38. 

John Sheehy. 36. boot crimper: Margaret, 36: Catharine, 9: Hannah. 6; John. 4; 
Mary. 2, 

Timothy Crowley, 38 ; Mary. 37 ; Dennis, 9 ; Johannah, 8 ; Mary, 7 ; Catharine, 3, 

Dennis Finnigan, 30; Ann, 30: Mary, 4: Edward, 2: Dennis, 5 m. 

David Haggerty, 36 ; Julia, 28 ; Dennis, 10 ; Margaret. 8 ; Hannah, 3 ; Daniel, 2 m. 

Michael Toomey, 40: Mary, 30: Daniel, 11: Jeremiah. 10; John, 8; Fanny. 4; 
Catherine, I. 

Julia Higgins, 30; Ellen, 4: Julia A.. 3, 

Michael Manning, 35 : Catherine, 27, 

John Quinn, 50, teamster; Bridget, 28; John, 7: James, 4; Thomas, 2; Edward, i, 

Patrick Xavin, 35 ; Ellen, 28 : John, 7. 

Peter Goss, 30; Bridget, 30: James, 4; Thomas, 3: John, i, 

M. O'Driscol, 39. grocer; Mary, 36: Margaret, 6: John, 32, clerk, 

John Carmody, 35: Mary, 30; Michael 3: Patrick, i. 

Philip GofTe, 35, hostler; Mary, 32. 

Patrick Curtin, 45, grocer ; Mary A.. 5. 

Owen Flood. 26, brakeman : Hannah. 26; Margaret. 4: Mary, i. 

John B. Day, 23 ; Catherine, 24 ; Ellen. 2. 



288 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

John Moylan, 30; Julia. 25; John. 5; Anna M.. 3: JuUa. 3 m. 

William MoUoy, 40, tailor ; Bridget, 35 ; John. 3. 

John Harrigan, 25, blacksmith ; Ellen, 23. 

John Hickey, 29; Margaret, 28; Thomas. 4; John. 2; William, 21. molder. 

William Brophy, 26, machinist; Mary, 24; Mary, 4 m. 

John O'SuUivan, 27, tailor; Catharine. 24: Ellen, 3; Anna. I. 

John McCann, 40, stable keeper; Elizabeth. 37; Mary A., 15; John, 12; Charles 
10: Henry, 7; Elizabeth, 5; Jane, 3. 

John Geere (Geary), a. bootmaker; Mary, 29. 

William Ryan, 30, baggage master ; Catherine. 23. 

Christopher Curtin, 35, baggage master; Mary. 35; John, 10; Lawrence. 5; Mar- 
garet Coleman, 50; and Timothy Coleman. 20. 

Stephen Haggerty, 24, brakeman ; Catharnie. 24 ; Mary, 3 ; Catherine. 4 m. 

James Lee, 50, private watchman; Margaret. 50. 

Peter Huton, 30, physician. 

Michael Rourke, 32. moulder; Johanna, boarding house; Mary A.. 3; John, I. 

James Wilmarth (Wilmot?), 29, blacksmith; Hannah. 27; James. 5; John. 3. 

Richard Wolf, 21 ; Mary 25; Mary, i. 

Jeremiah Toole, i:^. tailor: Mary. 29; Mary. 5: John. 3: Elia, i. 

Margaret Costigan, 60; Ellen, 19. 

Jeremiah Quirk. 34 ; Mary. 29 ; Mary. 9 ; Margaret, 7 ; Patrick. 5 ; Catharine, 3 ; 
William, ir m. 

Michael Galvin, 50; Mary. 38; John. 16; Margaret. 12; Daniel. 10: Julia. 4; Ellen. 
8 m. 

Catherine Duggan, 25, boot sider ; Ellen, bo. 

Patrick Ryan, 40, hostler ; Margaret, 26 ; Joseph. 6 ; Marcus. 3 ; Ellen, 6 m. ' 

John Coffee, 45, carpenter; Margaret, 35; Honora, 7; William. 5. 

John Keating, 44, tailor; Mary, 35; Catherine, 17. spooler; Johanna, 13; James. 4. 

Patrick Kennedy, 42, boot maker ; Catharine. 38 ; Johanna, 8 ; Ann, 2 ; Edmond, I 

Daniel Kennedy, 25, boot trimmer ; Mary, 26 ; Thomas, 4 ; Patrick, 3 m. 

John Murphy, 57, nailer ; Frances. 52 ; Fanny, 18, tailoress ; Mary, 14. envelope 
maker. 

Humphrey Wren. 40; Margaret. 36; Cornelius. 17. switchman : Jeremiah. 8: Pat- 
rick, 5. 

Arthur Murphy, 35, nailer; Ellen, 35; John. 14; Mary. 11; Ellen. 8: Hannah. 6; 
Margaret. 2. 

Timothy Jones, 35; Ellen, 25; William. 3: Mary, 2; James. 5 m. 

John McCarthy, 70 ; Johanna, 60. 

Patrick Hurley, 28, tailor; Ellen, 28; Julia, 5; Mary. i. 

John Sullivan, 41 ; Deborah, 38 ; Catharine, 2 ; Daniel. 30 ; James. 28. 

William Fitzgerald, 35; Ellen. 30; Catharine. 6; Margaret, 4; Johanna, 3; John, 8 m. 

James Toby, armorer. 

Arthur Bassett(?), 24, baggage master; Bridget. 30; Susan, 7; William H.. 5, 
Ann M., 3. 

Michael Troy, 34, bootmaker: Mary, 27: Margaret, 6; Helen. 2; Lizzie. 8 m. 

Catherine Healy, 67 ; Johanna. 2i ; John, 29, painter. 

Thomas Scully, 21; Catherine. 30; John, 30, carpenter; Margaret, ;o ; James. 
molder. 

Patrick Ward, 33, blacksmith ; Mary. 24 ; Daniel G., 4 ; Mary, 2. 

James Tenney, 40, saloon; Martha. 30; Mary, 10; Charles H., 8; John, 6; Esther, 
3 ; Martha A., 3 m. 

Hannah McKenna. 60; Honora. 19; Anna, 15. 

Jeremiah Donovan. 34; Ellen, 35; Jeremiah, 10; Joseph, 8; Mary, 7; Nellie, 3. 

Martin Leonard, 25, bootmaker; Mary A., 21; James F., 3; Mary A., i. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



289 



Jeremiah Sullivan. 35; Mary, jj : John. 19: Ellen. 17: Jerry. 14; Mary A., 11; 

Johanna, 6; James, 3; Margaret. 9 m. 
Xicholas Powers. 34. painter; Mary. 35: Catharine. i>: F.llen. 8; Johanna, ;; Mary. 

5 ; Margaret. 4. 
Mrs. Mary Klakesly, 35, saloon ; Sarah. 7. 

Thoma.s Egan. 45; Honora, 40; Betsey, 14; '1 honia-,. 12; Margaret, 5. 
John Murphy. 30; Julia, 25; Ellen, 5; John, i m. 
Martin FJurke, 30; Catharine, 19. 
Martin Powers, 20; Fanny, 22. 
Maurice Murphy, hlacksmitli. j8 : Catherine. 27; John. 8: ^fichael, 7; Charlotte, 4; 

Catharine, 2; Arthur, 9 in. 
John M. Lee, 35; Margaret, ,^2 ; Martin, 7; John, 3. 
Dennis Toner, 40, tailor; Mary, 42; Dennis, 7. 
Jeremiah Foley, ^J. grocer; Hridget. 32: Catharine. 10: Mary. 7; Bridget, 5; John, 

3 ; Margaret, i. 
Daniel Sullivan. 47; Mary. 50: John. 21. 
Maurice Foley. 38. tailor; Mary, 23; Edward, 11 m. 
Martin Drennan. 50: Johanna, 52; Johanna. 22: Catharine, 16; Francis 10 • John 

B., I. 
Dennis Fitzjialrick, 30, carriage trinnner ; Honora, 30 ; Martin, 3 ; John B., 2. 
Thomas Monahan, 24, butcher ; Ellen, 19. 
John Cavanah (Cavanaugh), 30, tailor; Mary A., 35; Mary E., 6; John W.. 4; 

Anna T., 2; George, i. 
Edmond Danahy, 30, tailor; Catharine, 29; Mary A., 4: Daniel, i, 
John Foley, 23, heater; Ellen, 21. 

David Vail, 30. teamster; Ellen. 35; John. 6; Robert, 4; William, 10 m. 
Owen Hagan, 30, blacksmith; Mary, 40; James, 13; Bridget, 10; Henry, 6; Peter, 

4; John, 2. 
John Kenney, 27, painter; Margaret, 20; William S., 3. 

Patrick Carberry, 38, blacksmith; Johanna, 1,2 : Ellen, 5; Margaret, 3; John, i. 
Betsey Burns, 50; Edward, 24, molder. 
Jeremiah Finnigan, 40. grocer; Mary, 35; Catharine. 11 ; Hannah, 9; Patrick, 2; 

Michael, 4 m. 
William Fleinming, 38; Catliarine, 40; John, i. 
Timothy Donahue, 30; Johanna, 25; Hannah, i. 
James Russell, 80; Sophia, 28; Catherine, 2;; Sarah. 21; Charles 6- George 

Bliss. 18. - 6 - 

James Leonard. 45; Mary. 48; Bridget, 15; John, 14; Henry, 12. 

John Murphy. 25. mason ; Ellen. 18. 

Honora Brosnihan. 40; Jeremiah. 20; Timnthy. U^■. Honora. 14. 

Catherine Finnigan, 70. 

Michael Brosnihan, 28: tailor; Ann, 29; Ann, 5: John, 3; Patrick, i. 

Ellen Donahue, 35; Margaret, 12; John, 8; Daniel, 15; molder. 

Dennis Griffin. 29. machinist; Margaret, 28; Ellen, 5; Anna, 3; Dennis, i. 

Michael Driscoll, 50; Helen, 52; Daniel, 16; Patrick, 13; Mary A., 11.' 

Michael Connors, 39; Catherine, 35; John, 15: Richard, 13; Timothy, 3. 

Dennis Donovon, 37; Mary, 40; Patrick, 7; Mary, 5; Dennis, i. 

Cornelius Donahue, 28; Ellen, 40; Julia, 22; Margaret, 20. 

Ellen Murphy, 50; Cornelius, 25 ; Helen. 3 ; Charles, i. 

Daniel Donahue, 45, stone mason; Catherine, 50; Johanna, 17; Ellen, 14; Tim- 

Othy, 12, 
John McSweeney, 40; Eliza, 40; Johanna, 7; Daniel, — ; John, 3, 
Owen Sullivan, 24; Ellen. 2%. 
W.-I-19. 



290 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



James Healy, 32: Margaret. 29; Daniel. 10: Ann. 8; Ellen, 6; Catherine, 4; John, 

2 ; Johanna. 5 m. 
Thomas Brosnihan. 48: Mary. 48; Charles, 8. 
James McGovern. 38: Ann. 3;; Michael. 13; Mary A., 9. 
Dennis Cahill, 38; Catherine. 35: Jeremiah, 10; Michael, 8; \\'illiam, 6; Julia, 2; 

Mary, 4 m. 
James Ford, 40; Roxanna. 35: William H.. 9; Maggie, 3. 
James Delaney, 27. bookkeeper; Catherine, 24; Catherine A., 3; John B., i. 
Patrick McCarthy, 26. heater; Cecilia, 24; Mary A., 5; Emma E., 3; Winifred, 9 m. 
Mary Dunn, 50; William, 25. molder ; Andrew, 15, molder. 
Patrick Flemming. 30: Margaret, 30. 

Julia Sullivan, 36; John. 15: James. 11 ; Mary A., 8; Patrick, 5; Ellen, i. 
John Murphy, 50; Mary, 14. 

Michael McXaan, 31 ; Mary, 25; James. 2: Brian, i. 
Hannah Sullivan, 60; Cornelius, 19, armorer. 

Bat Leary, 40. hostler; Ellen, 40; Margaret, 7; Ellen. 6: Bat, 4; John, 9 m. 
James Collins. 30 ; Elizabeth, 27 ; Mary A., 2 ; Margaret, 7 m. 
Michael Daly, 36; Margaret. 23: Timothy F.. 3; John F., i. 
John Kneeland, 26, roller; Julia. 26; Ellen. 9 m. 
Michael Sullivan. 32; Margaret. 30; Susan. 3; Mary, 2; Jane, 5 m. 
Edvk-ard Mahon, 37, currier; Margaret. 33: Mary 11 ; Eliza, 10; Ellen, 7; John, 6. 
Patrick Smith, teamster. 28 : Margaret, 26. 
Dennis Malone, 45, puddler ; Ann, 42; James, 19, puddler ; Francis, 17, roller; 

Mary. 15; Michael. 13; Thomas, 10; Ann, 6. 
Michael Day (O'Dayr), 47. blacksmith; Hannah. 45; Margaret 18; Catherine, 13; 

James, 11 ; Ellen, 9; Michael, 4. 
John Leary, 30. blacksmith ; Ellen. 32 ; Arthur, 7 m. 

James M. Welch. 27. fruit-peddler; Margaret, 27; Ellen. 7; John. 5; Abby, 3. 
Michael Kelly, 36. engineer; Ellen. 33: John E.. 8: Michael. 6; Ellen M., 3. 
Jeremiah O'Leary, 25, blacksmith ; Ellen, 58. 

Cornelius Buckley. 35, ($2,800) ; Mary, 36; Julia. 8; Anna, 5; Daniel. 11 m. 
Cornelius Mack. 36 ; Margaret, 36 ; Daniel, 3 m. 
Patrick Sweeney, 25. grocer ; Mary, 29. 
John Collins. 36; Ann. 26; Elizabeth, 3; Mary, 5 m. 

Edward Holland, 32, bootmaker; Mary, 32; Michael, 7; John. 4; Thomas, 3; El- 
len. 8 m. ($2,000). 
Thomas Carney (Carmen). 37. currier; Ellen, 30; Margaret, 12; John, 10; Ellen, 

2 ; Ann, 2 m. 
Thomas Shea, 32, machinist; Margaret. 33; William, 3; Patrick, i. 
Michael Kennedy, 40, bootmaker; Mary, 30; Daniel, 6. 
Cornelius H. Mannix. 37, grocer; ($3,000) ; Margaret, 26; Ann, 6; Mary, 4; John, 

2: Cornelius L., 6 m. 
Peter McCarthy, 45 ; Ellen, 40. 

Daniel Whilly, 30; Margaret. 25; Michael. 3; Ellen, i. 
Bryan Smith, 35 ; Rosa. 33. 
Ellen O'Connell. 65; Daniel. 26. law student: John, 22, carriage maker; Margaret, 

17; Anna, 13; (Julia Murphy, 5). 
John O'Regan, 42. painter; Eliza. 30; Catherine. 12; John. 10; Eliza, 5; Francis 

S., I. 
William Curnan (Kernanr), 32; Johanna. 32; Mary, 6; Ellen, 2; Thomas, 2 m. 
Edmund Dwyer. 30; Ann. 23; Ellen, 3; James, i. 
James Harkins. 38, heater: Mary, 28; Mary A., 3; John. 10 m. 
Patrick Sheehan. 32. heater. Bridget. 31 ; Mary A., i. 
James IMcCarthy. ,^6. heater: Mary. 27: Michael, 2; James, 10 m. 



.-iXD ITS PEOPLE 291 



John Kerr. 31. mason; Catherine. 30; Ellen F.. 3: Josephine, i. 

Bridget McCarthy, 70; Patrick, 7;, 

Frank Farrell, 35. teamster; Ann, 30; Maria. 4: Francis H., 3; Eliza, 2; Ellen, 4 m. 

John O'Xeill. 34. heater: Bridget. 33: Mary .A.. 13; Mart;arel. 10; Eliza J., 8; Ellen, 
6: Theresa. 3; John \\'.. 7 m. 

Thomas Logan. 22 : Mary. 30. 

Matthew Hinds (Hynes?). 3$. blacksmith; Eliza. 34; Patrick H.. 14; Mary E., 
12; John. II ; Matthew. 5. 

David Cuddy. 20. painter; Catherine. 25; William J.. 5; Michael T., 4; Alice J., 2; 
Frank H., I. 

Cc>rnelius Cronan, 60; Ellen. 46: Jerry. 16; Daniel. 13; Ellen, 10. 

Matthew Hickey, 40; Mary, 24; Julia. 2; Catherine, 4 m. 

Patrick McDonald. 45; Catherine. 30; Mary. 10; Ellen 6 m. 

Larence Higgins. 55; Bridget, 50; Edward. 16; Elizabeth. 14. 

Michael Garvey. 35; Mary, 39. 

Patrick Cronan. 30; Mary, 29; Mary J.. 3; Michael. 2; Margaret, i m. 

James Finnigan. 40; Rose. 40; Pater. 7; John. 5; Patrick. 2. 

Anthony Cosgrove, 28, machinist; Mary. 25; Richard, 4; James, 7 m. ; Mary, 60. 

John Laughlin, 29 ; Margaret, 27 ; Catherine. 2 ; Margaret, 8 m. 

Patrick Carr. 50; Catherine. 25; John, 4. 

Daniel Mclntyre, 52, peddler; Mary, 44; Michael. 20. bootmaker; John, 18; boot- 
maker; Ann, 15; Ellen, 5; Patrick, 3. 

Joseph Clorne ( r). 40; Ann, 36; Elizabeth. 8; Agnes. 5. 

Julia Hood, 40; Mary. 5; Thomas, i. 

Mary Butler. 45; James. 7; John, 4. 

Bernard Higgins. 46; Ellen. 33; Roxanna. 14; Anna, 12; James. 9; Ellen, 5; 
Francis, 3 ; Sarah, i. 

Michael Xeelon. 30; Bridget. 35; Mary .■\.. 3; Peter, ii m. 

Thomas Joyce, 26; Mary, 23; Mary A.. 2: Margaret. 2 m. 

John Craven. 52 ; Bridget, 40. 

Michael McGowan. 35; Mary. 27; Bridget. 5; Xeal, 2; Jane A., 6 m. 

Anthony Parsons. 40. tin pedlar; Mary. 35; Mary, 7; Henry, 5; Joseph and Cath- 
erine, 1 1 m. 

Michael Finneran. 39; Bridget. 39; Patrick. 3; Hannah, I m. 

Bernard McDonald. 30; Bridget, 30; Mary. 3. 

Daniel Houlahan, 42, grocer; Catherine. 2^. 

Timothy Conners, 34, bootmaker; Jane. 36; Mary. 9; John. 5; Jerry, 3. 

Edmond Sweeney, 50; Julia, 45; John. 11; Ellen, 8. 

James Sullivan, grocer, 40 ($2,000) ; Johanna, 30. 

John Mara, 35; Julia, 25; Cornelius. 12; Catherine. 9. 

James Rourke. 30; Bridget. 30; John. 4; Thomas, 2: Margaret, 6 m. 

Daniel Sullivan. 40; Ellen, 30; Ellen, 7; Daniel. 4; Hannah, 7 m. 

Jeremiah Hagerty, 23; Mary, 22; John, i. 

Jeremiah Hagerty, 45; Catherine, 40; Dennis, 20. bootmaker; Ellen, 18; Margaret, 
16; Jeremiah J., 8; John, 4; William, i. 

Michael Quirk, 55, tailor; Elizabeth. 28: Patrick. 10; Michael, 9; Jeremiah, 2; 
Patrick. 102 (sic), tailor; Mary, 80. 

Michael Cullity, 28; Hannah, 28. 

Dennis O'Connor, 23 ; Mary, 20 ; Ellen, 8 m. 

John Connor, 36 ; Bridget, 35 ; Eliza, 13 ; Jane. 5 ; John, I ; Cornelius, i in. 

James Finn, bootmaker, 35; Avis. 30: James. 7: Mary. 5; Cornelius, 3; Jo- 
hanna, I. 

Thomas Kanan. 32, pedlar; Catherine, 32; James. 8; Francis, I. 



292 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Cornelius McGillicuddy. 00. grocer; Ellen, s^: Dennis, 30; Ellen, 17; Eugene, 15, 
wheelwright. 

John Teenan. 57; Bridget. 44. 

John Daly, 31 ; Mary, 27; Honorah, i ; Catherine, i m. 

Patrick Coffee, 50: Mary, 40. 

Jerry Monahan, 45; Julia. 45; Mary A., 14: Tiinothy, 10; Catherine, 3. 

Michael Connors, 50; Thaddeus, 11. 

David Flemming. 35; Ellen, 24; Michael, 2; Mary, ii m. 

Edtnund Fitzgerald, 60; Mary. 40; Joseph, 15; Mary A., 14; Edward, 9; Thomas, 8. 

Cornelius Malay (Molloy?). 37; Honora, 37; Mary, 10; Thomas, 3; Julia and Cor- 
nelius, 3 m. 

John Price, 28; Mary, 30; Henry, 4; James, 2; John, 2 m. 

William Doody. 25; Margaret, 35. 

Michael Donahue, 60; Mary, 43; Ellen. 11 : Johanna, 7. 

Ellen Healy, 35 ; Cornelius, 6. 

Jeremiah Grady. 50: Alary, 32; Dennis, 10; Patrick, 7; Johanna, 5. 

Margaret Connor, 35; John, 17. 

Hannah Moriarty, 35, seainstress ; Ann, 8 ; Catherine, 6. 

Julia Fleming, 34: Timothy, 11: Catherine, 9; Mary, 7; Patrick, 5; Julia, 3. 

Mary Monaghan, 27. tailoress ; Charles, 7 ; Mary J., 5 ; Felix, 3. 

John Minahan, 27; Mary, 36: Catherine, John, Johanna, Margaret and Edmond 
Fleming. 

James T. Kearns. 25 ; Ellen, 26 : Mary, 3 ; Johanna, 8 m. 

Michael Toohey, 56; Bridget, 40; Cornelius, 15; Michael, 12; Patrick, 10; Eliza, I. 

Daniel O'Rourke, 32, boottnaker ; Catherine, 30 ; Margaret, I ; Margaret, 65. 

James Wood, 25; Honora, 30; Margaret, 10; William, 6; Ellen, i. 

James Lagrum, 35 ; Catherine, 35. 

John Riley, 39, puddler; Fanny. 38: Peter. 15: Roxanna, li; John, 10; Lawrence, 
6; Bernard, 3; Margaret, i. 

Richard Luby, 40; Bridget, 35; John, 12; Catlierine, 11; Peter, 6; Mary, 4; Ed- 
mond, 3 ; Michael, i. 

Michael (Shughrue), 22; Margaret, 20. 

James Murphy, 35, carpenter; Ellen, 34; Eliza, 7; Mary A., 3; John, 11 m. 

WilliaiTi Hopkins, 30, grocer ; Ann, 30 ; Elizabeth A., 7. 

Patrick Dorr, 22, clerk. 

Patrick Quinn, 26, molder ; Mary, 22; Ro.xanna. i. 

Edward McNearny (McEnnery?), 27, molder; John, 19, molder. 

John C. Grady, 32, stone mason ; Mary. 27 ; Mary L., 7 ; William. 5 ; John 3 ; 
Eliza, 2 m. 

Michael Tracy, 26; Bridget, 30: Margaret, 5; Hannah A., 2; Thomas, 6 m. 

Michael Duffy, 25; Ellen, 29; Elizabeth, 3; Thomas, I ni. 

Martin Hagan, 42, shoe maker; Bridget, 42; Daniel, 17; Thomas, 14. 

Thomas Whanan, 60; Catherine, 48; Bridget, 17; Ann, 15. 

Patrick Grady, 32: Margaret, 24; Mary E., 3; Agnes, I. 

Timothy Sullivan, 40: Julia, 40, boarding house; Jerry, 12; John, 5: Mary, 3; 
Timothy, I. 

John McDermott. 51; Margaret, 45; Mary, 13; Eliza, 7; Charles, 5; Patrick, 21, 
stone cutter. 
Margaret Campbell, 55. 

Andrew Malay, 22, tailor ; Mary, 20. 

Michael McKeon, 52, bootmaker; Roxanna, 45; John O., 19, molder; William, 7; 
Arthur, 40, stone mason ; ilary. 10. 

Anthony Cannon, 46; Mary. 46; Hannah, 13; John, 12; Mary, 7; Anthony, 4. 

Patrick Rotchford, 25: Mary, 19; Winifred, i. 



AXD ITS rilOPLE -'93 



Richard Whalfii. 26; Catherine. 20. 

Hugh Hanlou. 2-,: Mary. 20: William. 2; Mary. 4 nr 

John Gerrity. 2(), tailor; Mary. 25; Jane. }: Thomas. 2: Ellen. 3 m. 

Jane McGrath. 35; Edmontl. 10: James. 7. 

James Carroll. 60; Catherine, 50. 

David \Mialen. 40: Mary. 40; Edward. 13: Patrick. 11; Jolianna. 10: James, i; 

Ellen. 4 : Catherine, 3 : William. 6 m. 
Erancis O'Brien, 30. molder; Mary. 26; Patrick H.. 4; J<'lm, 2; .Xugustine. i m. 
Edward McGrath. 36; Bridget. 39: .Anna. 14; James H.. 13; Thomas, lO. 
James Herr, 40; Ellen, 35. 
Michael McDonald, 50; Mary, 39; Michael, 4. 
Robert Cloony. 45 ; Catherine, 45 : James. 1 1 ; Catherine. 3. 
.Andrew Cormic ( McCorinack ). 28. bootmaker: Anna. 23; Margaret. 4: Mary. 2; 

James. 5 m. 
Catherine Duffy, 35; John, 14. 

Micliael McGrath, 19. currier; Catherine. 17; George, .j m. 
Timothy Dowd. 27, carriage sinith ; Johanna. 29: Mary. .\.. 4; Ellen, i. 
Patrick Hassel. 40, wheelwright ; Margaret, 30 ; Thomas, 4 : Mary C, 7 m. 
Roger Burns, 29. bootmaker ; Mary. 26. 
Michael Malony. 38, blacksmith (?4.ooo); Bridget. 25; .Mary E,. 2; Michael E., 

9 m. 
Michael Shea. 35. shoemaker; Johanna, 30; Catherine, 5; William, 2. 
John Crotty. a: Hannah. 30; .Mary. 8 ni, 

John Crowley. 35; Mary, 30; Jeremiah. 10; Bartholomew, g; Michael, 7; Mary. 2. 
Patrick Conners. 37: Ann, 35; Elizabeth. 3; William T.. 2 m. 
Dennis O'Connell. 38; Margaret. 37; John. 7; Maurice. 2. 
Philip Kelly, 40; Bridget, 40; Catherine. 13; John, n ; Mary, 6; Bridget, 4; .Alice, 

1 ; Catherine, 70. 
.Arthur O'Neil, 25, painter; Margaret, z^: ^Mary. 6: Sarah. 4; .Augusta. 10 m. 
Mary Xolan, 55 ; Mary .A.. 16, envelope maker. 

Patrick Cassidy, 2y, wire drawer; Mary. 26; Ellen. 6; Frank. 4; Edmond, i. 
James Markey, 32, heater; Sarah. 30; Patrick, i ; Mary, 50. 
Patrick Powers, 22, brass molder; Bridget. 2;,\ Catherine .A.. 3 m. 

Ward Five: 

James Davis. 40, saloon. 

John Healy, 24, mason; Julia, 24: Catherine, 3; Ellen, 2, 

Michael Hackett, 35, roller; Margaret, a: Edward, 10; Ellen. 9; Thomas, 7; Cath- 
erine, 5: Mary, 3; John, 2; George. 2 m. 

John Maginnis, 38, blacksmith. 

Michael Lacy, 35, soap pedlar; Julia, 2^: Patrick, 7; Mary .A,. 3; William. 3 m. 

John Donahue, 24, molder; Ellen, 24; Mary. 3 m. 

Hugh McCoiiville, 60, tailor; Joannah, 52; M. S.. druggist, 24; Mari, 22, organist; 
Henry. 21; Peter J., 20; Thomas -A.. 18; Frank. 17; Josephine, 12, 

Margaret T. Mellen, 36, boarding h.aise ; James H. F., 14: Williarn M, E.. 12; 
Catherine At., 8, 

Joseph Mclntyre. 22. machinist; Alargaret. 22: Joseph H.. i. 

William Sweeney. 35, tailor; Johannah. 32; ^^"illiam J., i, 

James .A, Egan. 22,, painter ; Mary. 22. 

Daniel Barry. 32. armorer; Sarah. 36; John. 5: William, 4; Mary. 2. 

Margaret McLoughlin, 58; James. 25. shoemaker: John. 19. shoemaker; Thomas, 
17 ; Mary .A.. 16. 

David Darney, 49; Ellen. 41 ; Daniel. 14; James. 7: William. 18; James. 17. 

James O'Connor, 65, shoemaker; Catherine, 68. 



294 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



William Hancock, 26, painter ; Mary, 25 ; Joseph, 15. 

Rev. John Boyce, 45, R. C. clergyman. 

Rev. P. T. O'Reilly, 26, R. C. clergyman (afterwards Bishop of Sp'gf'd). 

Bridget Foster, 40, home keeper; John, 21, marble cutter. 

Robert Vail, 45, stone mason; Margaret. 40; Jeffry, 21; Mary, i;; Catherine, 16; 
Robert, 12. 

James Leahy, 32, carpenter; Mary. i2: Mary. 3; Julia, i. 

Michael Powers, 32. porter ; Mary. 36; John. 10; Thomas. 9: James. 2. 

John Grace, 31, roller; Johanna, 31 ; Ellen, 3; John, I. 

Edward Causley, 30, blacksmith; Hannah. 29; James, 6; Edward, 3. 

Dennis Donovan, 24; Bridget, 21; Timothy, 3 m. 

James Delaney, 50, private watchman ; Johanna, 40 ; James, 4 ; Mary, 2. 

James Dunn, 50, private watchman ; Catherine, 45 ; William C, clerk, 21 ; James 
B., 19, armorer; John A., flag boy, 18; George W., 8; Edward P., 3. 

Thomas Crowley. 40. blacksmith; Julia. 40; Margaret, 15, envelope maker; Jo- 
hanah, 11. 

Thomas Collins, 54, gardener ; Mary. 55. 

Hannah Hines, 60; Dennis, 25; John, 23. wire-drawer. 

John Barry, 29, bootmaker ; Margaret. 27 ; Richard, 4 ; Ellen, 2 ; James. 5 m. 

David Welsh. 36, bootmaker; Catherine, 35; Ellen, 6; Bridget. 4; Mary. 2 m. 

Edward Hall, brakeman, 30; Elizabeth. 23; Mary A., 8; Elizabeth, 2. 

William Cooney, 35, harness maker ; Johannah, 35 ; Mary E., Johannah, 7 ; 
Alice, 4. 

John Harding, 38; Mary, 35; Elizabeth, 9; Ellen, 7; Mary A., 6; Joseph, 4. 

Patrick McKenna, 66, mason ($3,500); Julia, 20; Catherine, 18, tailoress ; Mary 
J., is; Elizabeth, 14; James W., 22, mason; James, 16, mason; George, 30. ma- 
son; Mary, 34: George T.. 2; Arthur, I. 

Patrick O'Keefe, 55, railroad contractor; Bridget, 21; Winfred M. T.. 18; Susan- 
nah, 12; Ellen, 10; John, 65. 

Walter Boyce. 50 ; Nancy. 50 ; Mary M., 19 ; Johannah, 16, envelope maker ; Cath- 
erine, 13. 

Betsey Sullivan, 39; Daniel. 17; Ellen, 10. 

Michael Corcoran, 60; Catherine, 60. 

Michael Mulcahy, 38. machinist ; Mary, 36 ; James, 1 1 ; Richard, 9 ; John. 7 ; Michael, 
6; Mary. 4 ; Daniel. 2. 

John O'Leary. 38; Catherine. 30; Mary J.. 7; William. 3. 

Patrick O'Day, 45; Ann. 35; Eliza, 15; Patrick, 13; John, 11; Jane, 9; Michael. 4- 

Patrick Murphy. 20: Catherine. 30. 

William Delahanty, 8 ; Thomas. 7 ; Margaret. 4. 

John Malone, 40; Catherine, 36; Mary A., 4; Margaret, 2. 

Richard Burke, 45; Mary, 43; Michael, 19; James, 17, bootmaker; John. 15, boot- 
maker. 

William Spencer, 44; Mary, 36; James. 18; Margaret, 16, weaver; Jane. 14; Wil- 
liam, II ; Mary A., 9; Thomas, 7; Catherine, 4. 

John Sullivan, 34; Catherine. 34. 

Patrick Carney, 40; Mary, 35; Ann. 3; Mary, 6 m. 

John Halpin. 28; Mary .\., 26; Thomas, 6; John, 4; Mary E., 6 m. 

Thomas Coonan, 48; Johanna. 38; Margaret. 19; Ann, 17; Catherine, 6; 
William. 2. 

Timothy Ryan, 30; Ann, 30; Mary A., 5; John, 2. 

Dennis, Maher, 45; Catherine. 37: William, 17; Ann, 15; Johanna. 8; Eliza, 5. 

Peter Hall, 30; Ann, 34; John. 16; Eliza. 10; Ellen, 8. 

Patrick Conlan, 32 ; Bridget. 37 ; Peter, 2. 

Catherine O'Boyle, 15. weaver; Patrick, 9. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



295 



John B.. 7; Catherine, 3; Frances, 2; 



28: Peter. 3 ; James, I. 
Charles, 'j ; Ellen. 4: John, 



Margaret. J. 

, I ; Richard J.. ! m. 
Ellen. 8: Margaret. 6 



Daniel, t. 



Th.jmas W. 



Julia. 5 ; Thorn- 
Elizabeth. 28; Michael, 



2;^ : Jatnes. 2 : Walter, i 
Eygene, 2 : Charles. 9 m. 



Owen Kane, 30; Ann, 28; Michael, 2. 

John Burns, 40; Mary, 37; John, 6. 

Pierce Whalen. 30; Ann, 40; Mary, 12; Robert. 8: John, 5. 

Patrick Darcy, 27 ; Ann, 25 ; James, 2 ; Owen. 2 ni. 

Matthew Jacob. 36; Ellen, 28; Bridget, 3: Mary A.. I. 

Henry McCabe. 30; Ann, 20; Mary J., 2 m, 

Hugh Hanlon. 39: Ann, 38; John, 13. 

Matthew Hart, bi : Mary, 60; Ellen. 15. 

Thomas Coggins. i;};. flagman: Frances, 28; 

Mary, 5 m. 
Patrick Graney. 37 ; Bridget, i,^. 
Jerry Lavin. 80; Margaret. 80. 
James Callaghan, 37, tailor, ($1,200) ; Ann. 
Charles B. Dougherty, 25, machinist; Ellen. 
Bernard O'Hara. 35, molder; Margaret. 27 
Michael Bartlett, 25 ; Ann, 25. 
Bridget Judge. 30. seamstress; Michael, 5; 
James Cohalan, 30; Bridget, 37. 
Mary Duffy. 10; Catherine, 9: Ann C. 4; 
John Hart. 27. truckman ; Mary. 24. 
Richard Britt. 40; Margaret, 20; Mary A.. 
John Welch, 30, boot-treer ; Margaret. 35; 

as, I. 
Thomas Roach. 35, boot-treer; Jane. 30; 

27, boot-treer. 
Patrick Grace. 24. bootmaker ; Anastasia, 
James Harris, 35. brakeman ; Johanna. 25 ; 
Catherine Welch, 28; Mary A., 7; Catherine. 4; Elizabeth ].. I. 
John Devine, 23, roller; Catherine, 21. 

Thomas Murphy. 56; Catherine, 58; Maurice. 18; Annie, lb; John, 15; Catherine, 10. 
William Keevin, 26; Margaret, 26; John. 2: Thomas, 9 m. : Edward. 19: Patrick. 17. 
Patrick McDermott, 25; Mary, 24; Ellen. 3; Margaret, i. 
William Burns. 28. clerk; Ann, 30; John, 11 ; Sarah, 8; Daniel. 3. 
William Shea, 24. currier ; Mary, 21 ; Catherine, 4 m. 
Maurice Moran, 24, carpenter; Catherine, 22: Thomas, i ni. 
Jaines Fallon, 30, bootmaker; Mary, 30; Thomas, 7; James, 4; John. 2. 
John Cregan. 24, boot crimper; Anna, 24; Sarah, i ; William, i m. 
WilHam White. 30, boiler maker; Mary, 35; William. 8; Thomas, i. 
John Logan. 30. tailor; Mary, 30; Michael, 25, wool sorter; Catherine, 

Anna, 17. 
Thomas Foley, 30, heater; Bridget, 35; Margaret. 2: J'lhn. i. 
John Fitts, 23, tnachinist ; Margaret, 25; Thomas. 2. 
Charles Kelly, 30. mason; Ellen. 27; Mary A.. 4; Daniel. 2; Charles. 2 1 
Stephen Kelly, 45; Bridget, 45. 
Jeremiah Kane. 38, city constable ($2,000) ; Mary. 2S: Ellen M.. 11 

Mary E., 4; Henry J., i. 
Thomas Carroll. 29. clerk; Eliza J.. 26; Mary .\.. 6 m. 
Hugh Doherty. 77, master tailor; Ann, 34; Edward T., 13; Samuel W., 1^ 

9 ; Jaines, 7 ; John, 4. 
Michael Collins. 38, bootmaker; Catherine, 35. 
\\'illaim Burt, spinner, 63; Jane C. 29; Cieorge. 28; N'ichulas. 25. machinist; Mary, 

2;^. tailoress ; Ellen, 18; William. 16. machinist; Anna. 15, tailoress. 
Richard Garvin, 40, engineer; Ellen. 40; James. 17. machinist: Johanna. 14. 
James McLane. 51, boarding house; Mary, jo ; Mary A.. 25: James J.. >i. carpen- 
ter; John B., 21, painter; Elizabeth T., 19, milliner: Margaret, 12. 



23. weaver ; 



George B., 8 ; 



George, 



296 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Thomas Long. 36. bootmaker; Margaret. 28; James, 2. 

John Fahey, 47, cook; Bridget, 48; Bridget. 22. weaver; Mary, 18. env. maker; Wil- 
liam, 16. machinist; Edmond, 12; Ellen. 10; James, 7. 

Catherine Power, 52: Nicholas, 25, blacksmith; Lawrence, 22. machinist; James, 
machinist; Mary, 19, weaver; Delia, 14; Catherine. 

Hugh Ward. 49. engineer; Mary. .^3; .^nna. T2; Daniel. 11 ; George. 9; Christiana, 
5 ; Hugh, 2. 

Patrick Leavy, 33, currier; Ann, 31 ; John, 4; Mary A., I. 

William Malloy, 35 ; Ann, 32 ; John H., 2 : Margaret, 3 m. 

John Jackson, 40, stone mason; Johanna, 38; William, 16, machinist; Thomas, 12; 
James. 10; John. 9; Michael, 7; Anna M., i. 

Thomas Enright, 25. blacksmith ; Honora. 25. 

Patrick McManus. 30, molder ; Ann. 29; Elizabeth A., 2; Mary J.. 9 m. 

Bartlett Conlon, 20, Ijootmaker ; Andrew. 14; Patrick, 24, bootmaker; Patrick, 60. 

Michael Enright, 30, teamster; Honora. 30; Mary A., 2. 

Thomas Welch, 40, tailor; Mary, 40; Margaret T., 17; Michael, 15, carder. 

Thomas Britt, 39, blacksmith; Margaret, 35; Alice, 5. 

James McKenna, 60; Catherine, 60; James, 18. 

John McQuigle, 24, heater; Mary, 24; Mary A., i m. ; Thomas, 16; Celia, II. 

Peter Power, 70; Catherine. 60. 

Dennis Graham, 45; Bridget, 36; John. 6; William, 4; Mary, 2. 

Thomas Hackett, 36, teamster; Catherine. 30; Catherine, 4; Mary, 3; Thomas, I. 

James Corcoran. 38, carpenter; Johanna. 26; Margaret A., 8; Ellen M., 6; Wil- 
liam, 3. 

James Croake, 40. grocer; .Ann. 40. 

Matthew Littleton, 25, molder: Mary. 24. 

John Grady, 23, molder ; Honora, 24. 

Daniel Keef e, 30 ; Hannah. 27 ; Jaiues, 3 ; Johannah, 2 ; Anastasia, 60. 

John McDonald. 25, bootmaker ; Julia, 30. 

William Coyle, 35 ; Mary. 30 ; Ellen. 9 ; Mary, 4. 

Dennis McCaffrey, 45; Catherine. 29; William. 6; James H., 4. 

John Ryan, 45; Mary, 43; Josephine, 6; John, 3. 

Patrick Crossin (?). 23. molder; Mary, 19; Dominic, I. 

Dennis Doyle, 28 ; molder ; Eliza, 28. 

Patrick Murphy, 45: Ann, 40; Mary. 10; Elizabeth, 8; James. 3; William, 5 m. 

James E. Doyle, 38 ; wire drawer ; Mary. 38 ; Margaret, 8 ; Michael. 2. 

Thomas Burle, 26, carpenter ; Hannah, 28. 

Michael McCarthy, 30; Margaret. 30; Mary. 2; Elizabeth. 3 m. 

Jeremiah Herlihy, 24; Hannah, 20; Catherine, 3 m. 

Thomas Grady, 40 ; Margaret. 40 ; Julia, 19. 

Maurice Austin, 32; Ellen. 34; Mary, 8; Michael, 5; John, 2; Ella. i. 

Maurice Quirk, 34 ; Johanna, 32. 

Frank Mulligan, 25, molder; Bridget. 27. 

John Connolly. 35; Mary, 33; John, 5. 

Michael Brazil. 30; Catherine. 30; Michael. 6 m. 

Walter Butler, 45. boot-treer ; Xancy, 35 ; James, 4 ; Catherine, 2, 

Catherine Hanlon, 45, boarding house; Honora, 18. bonnets; Xancy. 16; Mary, 9; 
Bridget. 7; Michael, 5; Catherine. 3. 

John Kane, 36 ; Catherine. 35 ; Thomas. 3. 

Alice Hayes, 27. seamstress ; James. 3. 

Patrick Powers. 79; Ann. 50; Xicholas. 19; Bridget, 18. tailoress ; James, 12. 
Xicholas Drohan. 35; Honora. 30; Walter. 11; John. 9; Ellen. 8; Patrick. 4; 
Xicholas, i. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 297 



Michael Toby, 40; Mary, 28. 

Dennis Croake, _23 ; Alice, 25. 

Anthony Thiinpleton ( Lktleton ? ). 40; Marv. ,^5 ; 'rhonias. g ; Micliael, 7; Brid- 
get, 5. 

Henry Griffin, 29; Kllen, 20. 

James McKeniia, 50, stone mason: Margaret. 35; Jnlia, 17; John, 12; Ann. 8; 
Catherine, 6; Mary, 3. 

George Townley, 32, upholsterer; Maria, 36; Joseph B., 1. 

Martin Burns, 55; Bridget, 53: Martin. 18: Bridget, 15. 

Mary Cavanaugh, 53; James, 20; Michael, 18. machinist; Mary, 9. 

John Murphy, 29, bookkeeper; Johanna, 26; Ellen C., 5; Mary E., 2; Winifred, 8 m. 

Charles Colleary (?), 40, boot-treer ; Ellen, 40; Ann, 18, tailoress ; Celia, 17. tail- 
oress ; Patrick, 15; Catherine. 14; Mary, 13. 

Thomas Coggins, 60; Bridget, 50; Bartlett, 20. 

Michael Conroy, 35, book agent; Bridget, 23; Mary E., 9 ,m. 

Ann Cashell. 56; Ann, 25, weaver; Mary. 23, weaver; Catherine, 21, dressmaker; 
Ellen. 16, weaver. 

John Shea. 45, blacksmith; Ellen, 42; Joseph, 19; brakeman ; Mary, 17, tailoress; 
Margaret, 10; Ellen, 7: William, 3 m. 

Margaret Conway, 47; Nicholas. 19; fireman; Alargaret, 12; James, 8. 

Susan McNary, 48; Sarah, 14; James, 25. 

Patrick Devine, 28; Mary, 25; John i. 

Andrew Kneeland. 60; Margaret. 59; Margaret. 28. seamstress. 

Maurice Kane, 55; Alice, 35. 

Patrick Meagher, 36; Ellen, 35; Luke, 15; Thomas. 12. 

Andrew Carberry, 39; Margaret, 37: Mary, 13; George, 5; Martha, 3; .-Andrew, i. 

James McMahon. 41, roller; Mary. 32: Matthew. 6; Mary A., 4; Frank, 3; Ann, 
2 m. 

Tliomas Fallon, 40; .'\nn, 35: Mich.iel. 17; Mar\. 13; M.argaret. 8; Ellen. 4; 
Catherine. 3. 

Owen Trainor. 50; boot-maker; Bridget. 60; James, 17; Patrick. 13; Owen. 11; 
Bridget, 7. 

Michael Dt)nahue. 28. wire-drawer; Mary, 25 ; James, 3 m. 

Philip McGown, 35, junk dealer; Mary, 30; Catherine, 10; Mary, 8; Sarah, 5; Mar- 
garet, 2 : Henry. 3 in. ; Patrick, 60 ; Rose, 50 ; Thomas, 18. 

Patrick Harper. 58. pedlar; Bridget, 56; Catherine, 21, weaver; Louisa, 18. weav- 
er; Mary A., ]8. 

Francis Cosgrove, 50, blacksmith; Ann. 43; John, 18, blacksmith; Rosa, 16. envel- 
ope maker; Mary, 16; Frank. 12; Catherine, 8; Matthew, 5. 

Francis Heron, 27; Catherine, 25; James, 5; William, 4; Mary, i. 
ames Sweeney, 36; Mary, 30; Tames, 5; Thomas, 2. 
eremiah Hanlon. 26, bootmaker ; Mary, 24. 

ohn Ekins, 35, boot-finisher; Hannah. 29; James A., 8; George F., 6; Elizabeth, 4; 
John W.. 3; Thomas, i, 

Bridget Dwyer, nurse, 48; Mary, 18; James, 12. 

John O'Brien, 23, currier; Bridget, 23: Ann. 4; Mary, 2 m. 

Thomas Harradan, 40; Bridget, 40; John Colon, 12; James Harradan. 7; Catherine, 
4 ; Mary, i. 

Johanna Flynn, 50; William. 23; Ann. 19. John. 14. 

Martin Tansy, 35; Bridget, 30; Catherine, 10; John, 8; Mary, 6; James, 2; Bridget 
Graham, 40; Catherine, 10; Mary, 8; Anna, 6; Thomas, 4. 

Timothy Conlon, 50; Bridget, 40; Catherine. 12; Margaret, 2; Mary, 15. 

Patrick McCarthy, 31 m., bootmaker; Hannah. 26; Catherine, 5; Mary E., 2; 
John. 4 m. 



298 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Andrew Conlon, 60; Mary, 58; Margaret, 18. weaver; Andrew, 16, carder. 

Mary Welch, 43; Michael, 15; John, 11; William, 9. 

Hugh Sweeney. 38, shoemaker; Ellen, 40; Hugh. 10; Catherine, 6. 

James Cunningham, 27. heater; Margaret. 28; John, 5; Mary A., 4; William, 2; 

Catherine, 2 m. 
Bernard Harrigan. 44; Catherine. 43; Catherine. 17; Susan, 14; Edward. 12; 

Felix, 9. 
Dominic McManus, 28, wire-drawer ; Mary, 22 ; Mary A., 2 ; Catherine E., 3 m. 
Robert F. Laverty, 41. shoemaker; Nancy. 40; Mary J., 18; Ellen, 16; Edward. 3. 
John Scanlan, 37, weaver; Catherine, 33; Mary. 11 ; Ellen M., 5; Catherine, i. 
John Commery, 48. rigger ; Mary. 50. 

William Thompson. 29, harness maker ; Catherine. 28 ; Samuel E.. i m. 
Owen McCarrell, 30; Mary, 25. 
Michael McAvoy, 60, jigger. 
Peter Martin, 49, spinner; Mary Jane. 19. weaver: Elizabeth. 17; John. 14; Lucy, 

12 ; Maria. 10; Peter, 8. 
Patrick Carney, 30, painter; Eliza, 21 ; Patrick. 3. 
James Waugh, carpenter. 40; Mary, 12. 

Richard Owen, 28 ; Martha, 40 ; Philip, 4 ; Ellen. 3 ; Mary A.. 8 m. 
Stephen Collins, 49, dyer; Aim. 48; John S.. 19. clerk; Mary J., 5. 
Peter McCarthy. 42, fish pedlar; Mary, 40. 

Thomas McKeon, 41 ; Hannah. 30; Thomas, 5; John. 3; Patrick. I. 
Richard Deedy, 35; Ann, 40; Catherine. 12; John, 10. 

James Lambert. 50, weaver; Mary, 39; John, 9; Mary, 7; Stephen, 5; Sarah A.. 3. 
Peter Rooney, 30, weaver; Catherine, 28; James, 7. 
Anthony Gavin, 22, machinist; Catherine, 23: Elizabeth, 3. 
James Hagan. 40; Rose, 28; John, 3; Elizabeth. 9 ni. ; Lawrence. 16. 
Richard Barry, 27, armorer; Honora, 30. 

Patrick Fitzgerald, 38; Mary, 38; Charles. 10; James H.. 7; Joseph. 4. 
David Nagle, 45; Mary. 40; Thomas. 17; Catherine, 15, weaver; Honora, 8; Jo- 
hanna, 5. 
William Leitrim, 35; Bridget. 30. 

Terence Flynn, 45; Ellen. 45; Michael. 19: Bridget. 14; Hannah, 13. 
Johanna McDonald, 65 ; Ellen. 28, weaver. 
John Graham. 55, spinner; Esther, 43; William, 18, machinist; Mary, 14; Ellen. 11; 

George, 9; Nathaniel Chandley, 53, overseer fuller; John, 22, machinist; 

George, loom fixer; Ann, 19; James, 12. 
Patrick McCloskey, 40. carpenter; Ann. 37; William. 12; James. 11; Mary, 8; 

Agnes, 6. 
John Foley, 35, armorer; Ann. 34; Michael. 14; Mary. 12; John. 10; Thomas. 7; 

James, 4. 
Michael Kenney. 38. tailor; Mary. 36; Celia. 5; Catherine E.. 2. 
John Monaghan, 42, butcher; Elizabeth, 50; Patrick, 18; Susan, 16. 
John McDonald. 38, teamster; Margaret, 30; John H., 4; Mary A., 2. 
Michael Connor, 39; Brid.get, 35; Mary A., 4; James, 2; .'Knn J., i m. 
Stephen Morrisey, 32, coachman ; Alice, 30 ; Ellen, 5 ; Margaret, 3 ; Alice, 9 m. 
Patrick Cassidy, 50, cloth finisher ; Catherine, 45 ; Elizabeth, 19, weaver. 
James Meagher, 35, dyer; Mary. 35; Mary. 8; Johanna, 3; Eliza, i. 
Catherine Skerrett, 46 ; James, spinner, 20 ; Nicholas, 16, spinner ; Edward. 13 ; 

Sarah, 11. 
Daniel Bradley. 55. tailor; Alice, 50. 
Thomas Mooney, 14. 
Patrick O'Reilly, 70 ; Mary. 30. 
James Boyle. 45; Isabella. 40; James. 16. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 299 



John Grady, 23, shoemaker; Catherine, 21. 

John Lamy, 23, heater ; Catherine, 23. 

Patrick Kelly, 35; Catherine, 30; John T., 6; Mary E., 2; Joseph H., 6 m. 

Bridget O'Neill, 55; Thomas. 26. marine diver; Charles, machinist; James. 20. 

teacher of gymnastics; Mary, 19; Ann, 16, weaver; Catherine, 13. 

John Cassidy, 26, wire drawer; Mary, 28: Elizaheth. 6; Mary A., 3; Charles 

H., 9 m. 
William O'Neill. 27, machinist; Mary. 30; Charles. 6: Catherine. 3: William, 2; 

James 3 m. 
John Sullivan, 60; Catherine, 20, weaver. 
Margaret, McGurk, 56; Michael. 20. 

Patrick O'Rourke, 54, carpenter; .-Xnn. 56: Charles, j;},: Mary, 12. 
Michael Hart. 35 ; Bridget, ^2. 
James Madden. 30; Mary, 29. 
John Hart. 39: Catherine, 39; James, 14; Henry, it : Eliza, 9; Mary. 6; Charles. 4; 

William, 2. 
Ellen McDonald, 65; Margaret, 22. dressmaker. 
Hugh King, 16, carder; Ellen. 14. 

Henry Colvin, 28, wire-drawer; Catherine, 3i; John T., 3; Elizabeth, i. 
James McCormick, 60; Catherine, 63; Ellen, 2s: John J.. 22, armorer. 
Elizabeth Melanafy, 21, weaver. 
Catherine Chissle (Chisholm?), 55; Maria, 26, weaver; Stephen, 25, spinner; Ann, 

24. weaver; Walter. 21, machinist; Joseph, 19, loom fixer; Thomas. 15. 
Charles J. Delehanty. 3i; Betsey A., 34; Florence E„ 9; George K., 4; Hattie N. 

(father b. in N. Y.). 
Michael Swan, teamster. 40; Winifred. 42: Hannah. 17, weaver; Catherine, 14; 

Thomas, 10; Mary, 9; Bernard, 8. 
John Hera (Ahern), 40, teamster; Bridget, 40; Maurice, 15: Ellen. 14; Martin, 

12. 
John McConiff. 28. roller; Mary. 24; Charles. 2; Ellen. 9 m. 
Philip McMahon, 58, molder ; Catherine, 56; Philip, 24, molder ; James, 15. molder ; 

Owen, 13; Mary, 30; Rosa, 17; Ellen. 12; Catherine. 11 ; Alice, 7. 
Mary Russell. 34: John. 15; James, 11 ; Fred, 10; Mary E., 8; Horace, 5: William, 

2; Michael, 6 m. 
Patrick Sweeney, 28; Johanna, 30; Johanna, 5; William, i. 
William Vail. 55; Ellen, 50; Robert, 11; James, 9. 
John Moore. 29 ; Mary, 33 ; Patrick. 6 ; Catherine. 3 ; Margaret, 9 m. 
Mary Carroll, 61 ; Laughlin, ig, machinist; Thomas. 6. 

Patrick Shannon, 40; Mary, 38; James. 15; Mary A.. 13; Thomas, 9; Ellen. 7. 
Michael Fagan. 62, boarding house; Maria, 56; Lawrence, 24, shoemaker; Bridget, 

weaver; Michael, 16, shoemaker. 
Simon Dodd, 50, weaver; Sarah, 55; Hannah. 25. weaver; Simon. 20. spinner; 

James, 18. 
Martin Conlon. 35; Catherine; 34; Mary A.. 10. 
Bernard McManus, 30, roller; Ann, 28. 

Patrick Conlan, 33; Mary, 33; Julia. 8; Maria. 4; Margaret, i. 
John Conlan. 32, wire-drawer ; Bridget, 35 ; James, 7 ; Owen, 3. 
Thomas Dowd, 30. wire-drawer; Catherine, 25; Michael, 23, wire-drawer. 
Thomas Kelly, 34; Mary. 34; Bridget, i. 
Ellen Devine, 46; Thomas, 19. 

Daniel Foley, 22, roller ; Eliza, 22 ; Bridget, 5 ; Margaret. 2. 
Andrew Smith, 20; Mary, 21 ; Margaret, 3; Edward, i ; Roxanna, 65. 
Edward Coonan, 45; Ellen, 36; Marv A.. 18; Daniel. 13; Anna, 8; Edward. 3; 

Ellen, I. 



300 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

James Coiilan. 29: Catherim-. 26; Mary A., i : James. 3 m. 

Michael Mulcahy. 35; Catherine. 28; Thomas. 6; Ellen. 5: Edward. 3; William, 9 m. 

John Quenan. 24; Hannah. 27; Michael. 6 m. 

Michael Donnelly. 29. wire-drawer: Catherine. 28: Juliet, 9 m. 

Jeremiah Gladden. 31 : Catherine. 30: Patrick. 2; Mary. i. 

James Conlan, 75; Timothy. 17. wire drawer; Owen, 16. wire drawer; Winifred, 

22; Martin. 13; Thomas. 8; Bernard. 5; Susan. 14. 
Andrew Martin. 40. spinner; Margaret. 33; John F.. i. 
John Mack. 23. gardener ; Catherine. 20. 

Patrick Gavin, 36. wire-drawer; Mary. 36; John. 3; James. 9 m. 
John Cronan. 30. heater; Johanna. 28; Patrick. 5; William. 4; James, i. 
Patrick Long. 39; Elizabeth. 35; Mary. 13; William, 11; Elizabeth, 8; James, 5; 

Margaret, i. 
Patrick Callahan. 41. teamster; Hannah. 36; William. 15; Julia, 13; Michael. 11; 

Mary. 8; Thomas, 6; Margaret. 2. 
Timothy Horan. 28. wire-drawer ; .\m\. 29 ; Mary A.. 8 ; William H.. 6 ; Timothy F., 

4: Ellen. I. 
Michael Williams. 25. wire-drawer; Mary. 27; James A., i. 
Dennis Harty. 40; Mary. 39; Patrick. 19. wire-drawer. 
James Elwood, 40. blacksmith: Mary. 39; Mary A.. 10: James, 6; Bridget, 5; 

John, 3 ; William, 8 m. 
Edward Matthews. 39; Julia. 38: William. 16; Margaret. 12; .•Xnn. 10; Mary, 9; 

Edward, 2. 
Patrick Coonan. 39; Margaret. 36; James J.. 5: Mary. 3; Catherine, i. 
Francis Smith, 29 ; Margaret. 25. 

James Mac.Avoy, 30; Jane. 30: Ann. 4: Mary. 2: Catherine. 2 m. 
John McLaughlin, 37; Catherine. 40; Ann J., 5. 
Dennis Quinn. 40; Hugh. 22; Francis. 18. 
Andrew Dowd, 24: Bridget. 22; Michael. 9 m. 
John McNellon. 30; Bridget. 30; Edward. I. 

Michael Neelon, 31. roller; .^nn. 27; Maria. 5; Sarah, 3: Anna. 2; James, 17. 
Patrick Lavin, 27 ; Mary. 25. 
James Riley. 40. wire drawer: Mary. 30: James. 9; Mary, 8; Alice, 5; Michael, 3; 

John, I. 
John Doherty. ^2. teamster ; Catherine, 28. 
Dennis Sullivan, 30; Margaret. 25; Daniel. 2; Margaret, i. 
Francis Murphy. 37: Mary. 38; Margaret. 9; Francis. 7; Isabel, 6; James, 4; 

Patrick. 2. 
John Mclntyre. 43; wire drawer; Elizabeth. 42; Tames. 25, heater; William J., 

wire drawer; Margaret E.. 13; Sarah. 10. 
Marcus Sullivan. 32; Margaret. 29: Ellen. 4; Eugene. 2: Michael. 35; Mary, 30; 

Timothy M., 2; Margaret. I. 
William Cunninghain, 35: Mary. 36: Howard. 4; Michael. 2; Richard, 9 m. 
Patrick Power. 24; Margaret. 28; Ruth. 9 m. 
John Doyle. — ; Ellen. 2^: James. 4; Michael, 3; Lawrence, 9 m. 
Edmond Baldwin, 47 ($3,000) ; Johanna, 40; Mary, 20; James. 19; John, 12; Brid- 
get, 16; Walter. 10. 
Patrick Danforth. 35; Mary, ^i: Thomas, 7; Ann, 5; Daniel, 2. 
William Devereux, 39; Bridget. 36; Julia. 13; Mary, 10; Margaret, 2. 
Patrick Keating, 60; Margaret. 51 ; Michael. 19; Patrick, 17; John, 15; Thomas, 13. 
John Keefe, 40; Hannah. 35; AJichael. 19; Mary, 17; Thomas, 13; Joseph, 5. 
Mary Linehan, 30; seamstress; Johanna. 7; Patrick, 5; James, 3. 
Martin Power. 60; Margaret. 42; John. 20. molder ; Margaret, 12. 
Richard Brown. 37; Ellen, 30: Ann. 5; Mary, 3. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 301 



Charles McKinlcy, 31, wire-drawer; Susan, J9 : Mary E.. 2. 

William McClosky, go. 

Patrick Morrisey. j8 ; Mary, 30; Catherine. 14: Patrick, 11. 

Patrick Brady, 75, flagman; Margaret. 58: Peter. 18; John. 30; Catiiarnu-, J)i: Pat- 
rick, 4 ; Mary. 3 ; John. 9 m. 

Thomas White. 50, carpenter; Ellen. 49; Tlionias. jr. grocer: Martin, 18. armorer. 

Thomas Morri.'iey, 49; Margaret. 45; Patrick, 72, 

Patrick Hogan, 31, machinist; Margaret, 3$: lames, u; Lawrence. 8; lohn. 6; 
Ellen. 4, 

John E. Moore. 38, carpenter (Si.ioo) ; Johanna. 34: John. 4; Catherine. 3; David, 
2 ; Ellen, i. 

Mary Shanihan (Shanahan?), 01: Catherine. 10. 

John Fallon. 31 ; Mary, .>8 ; Ann. 8; Mary. 7; Edward .\.. 5; Rebecca J., 3; Mar- 
garet. 4 m. 

John P. Kelly. 47, tailor; Margaret, 48; Mary A., 18; Margaret, 14; Agnes. 13; 
John, II ; William. 10. 

Ann Connors, 35, boarding house; Mary A., y; James. 8; Margaret. 5. 

John Conway, 42. stone cutter; Catherine. 30 ; Eliza .\.. 13; James H.. 11 ; Michael 
X.. 9; Catherine, 7; Margaret, _'. 

Patrick Brady, 34, switchman (Si.ooo); Jane. 35; Mary A,, 10; Margaret, 8; 
Thomas, 6; William H., i. 

James (Hoey), 42; Elizabeth, 41, 

Henry Murray, 59, master carpenter: Margaret, 48; Henry J., carpenter; T. Ed- 
ward, 17, law student; John p.. 27. plater; Julia M., 27: Francis E., _'. 

Ward Six: 

Catherine ilonaghan (Monahan). 48, boarding house: .-Xlcvander, 22: Maurice, 10; 

Daniel. 17; Timothy. 16: James. 14; Jeremiah, 9. 
Owen Daly, 30, painter: Catherine, 24; Frank, 3: Agnes L., i, 
John H. Mitchcl. 25: shncm.aker : Elizalieth. 27: Ellen, 5: Charles, i. 
. John Healy. 59. railroad contractor: Mary. 53: Jane. 21; Catherine, 19; John, 10; 

William, 14. 
James Buchanan, 34; Hannah. 35: James. 8; Margaret. 5: Mary, 3; Catherine, 2. 
Patrick Goggins, 40: Bridget. 38; Edward. 13: Hnnnra. 11: Patrick. 8: John, 

7 ; Thomas, 5. 
John Kane, 30: Bridget, 32: Patrick, 2; Mary, 9 m. 
William Sullivan, 34; Mary, 30; Martin, 5 ; John, i : John, 26. 
David Hennigan, 45; Catherine, 50. 
John O'Donnell, 46: Bridget, 47; Thomas, 19, molder ; Maurice, 18, boot-sider; 

William, 14; John, 13. 
David Lee, 30. armorer; Bridget, 25: Bridget. 4; Catherine. 2; Daniel. 4 m 
James Grafton, 31; Mary, 27: Robert, 4: Margaret, 2: John, 9 m. 
Eliza Keefe. $2: Michael. 23, boot bottomer : Patrick. 20. do. 
Jerry Tooiney. 40; Mary. 42; John, 18; Michael, 13; Mary, 7; Hannah, ;. 
Patrick Nolan, 60; Bridget, 52: Maria, 18; Catherine. 14. 
Thomas Hayes, 38; Ann, 35: Ann and Isabella. 7: Francis T.. 4: Joseph, i. 
Jeremiah Murphy. 25, carpenter; Bridget. 24. 
Richard Larkin. 32. shoemaker; Mary. 35; Patrick. 9. 
Anthony O'Reilly, 59, private watchman: Ann. 60; Mary A., weaver: Ellen, 28; 

James A„ 26, painter; Austin, 26, machinist; Henry B„ 17; Matilda, 15, 
Joseph Conners (b. in Vt.), 25: Bridget, 27, ( b. Ireland) ; Johanna, ^: Edward. 2. 
Patrick Curran. 64 : Hannah. 50 ; Thomas. 22. pedlar ; Bridget. 13. 
Robert Flynn, 40, boot-treer: Ellen. 14: Daniel. 12: Robert. 3: Honora, 70. 
Bernard Conlan. 35, boot bottomer: Mary, 28; John B., 3; Thomas, i. 



302 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



James Donnelly, 30; Mary, 26; Mary, 4; Sarah A., 2. 

Timothy Leary, 32, boot-treer ; Mary, 33; Ann, 6; Mary J., 2; Charles H., 5 m. 

Richard Malony, 36, shoemaker; Margaret, 32; James, 13; John, 8. 

John Morrisey, 35; Alice, 30; Thomas, 12. 

Patrick Whalen, 40; Alice, 39. 

Patrick Coulahan, 23, painter ; Mary A., 22 ; George, I ni. 

Maurice Torpey, 25, boot crimper; Catherine, 25; Catherine, 2; Mary, 7 m. 

Patrick Power, 30, boot-treer ; Mary A., 30 ; Ellen, 8 m. 

John Foley, 24, book agent; Ellen, 25. 

Sarah McDermott, 55; Mary, 20; James, 19, hackman ; Lawrence, 16. 

Thomas Healy, 29, armorer ; Johanna, 27 ; Daniel, 2 ; Margaret, ID m. 

James Carroll, 41, carpenter; Mary, 35; William, 15; Theresa, 8; Mary, 4; John, 3. 

John Donovan, 30. machinist; Lucy R., 29; Adelia V., 6; Malissa C, 2. 

James Fitzgerald, 45. teamster; Ellen, 40; Margaret, 11; Catherine, 7; Ellen, 6; 
Martin, i. 

Martin Flaherty, 40; Catherine. 36; Ellen, 9; Mary, 7; Catherine, 5; Martin, 2; 
Margaret, lo m. 

Andrew Mooney, 40 ; Margaret, 40. 

Edward Flaherty, 40; Mary, 27 ; Thomas, 5; Ellen, 3; Bridget, 5 m. 

M. J. McCafFerty, 30, lawyer, (afterwards judge). 

Patrick Smith, 40; Bridget. 39; Susanna, 13; Maria, 11; Edward, 9; Elizabeth, 7; 
Susan, 5 ; Thomas. 4. 

Timothy Ryan, 50; Catherine. 50; Timothy, 16, carder; Daniel, 13; Mary, 10; Jo- 
hanna, 7 ; Catherine, 4. 

James Henratty, 50, picker; Elizabeth. 30; Terence, 19, picker; Patrick, 13; Mary, 
10; James, 8; Ann, 5; Michael, 2. 

James McDonald, 35; Johanna. 35; James, 12; Johanna, 7; Thomas, 6; John, 3. 

John Wilkins, 63; Julia, 61. 

Barnett Moore, 36, weaver; Ann. 38: Patrick. 18. weaver; William, 15; Bernard, 
12; Edward, 11. 

Theresa Milan (Moylan). 43; Mary A., weaver; Jane, 22, spooler; Rebecca, 18, 
weaver; William. 13; Theresa, 9; Joseph, 6. 

James Moore, 61, R. C clergyman. Holy Cross Coll. 

Cornelius Reardon, 45. bookkeeper, Holy Cross. 

William Taylor, 61, carpenter. 

James O'Neil, 45, baker. 

James Train, 28, gardener. 

John Dowling, 43, tailor. 

Michael Hogan, 44, cook. 

Thomas Connolly, 76, farmer. 

Michael Doyle, George Walsh. John Caiman. Christopher Leavitt, farmer (laborers 
at H. C. Coll.). 

Patrick Tierney, 35; Rosa. 34; James, 9; Catherine, 8; John, 4. 

Jeremiah Cromby, 59; Margaret. 40; Jeremiah, 14; Patrick, 20, boot-maker; Jo- 
hanna. 17; Daniel, 8; Michael, 6; Andrew, 4; John, 2. 

William Rourke. 35. molder ; Margaret. 25 ; James A., 3 ; Maurice E., 3 ; William 
J.. I. 

Michael Carney. ^2, dry goods merchant; Julia, 29; Mary A., 7; Jane, 4; William, 
3; Helen, i m. 

John Welch. 25, grocer ; Mary L. 26 ; Thomas, 2. 

Stephen Littleton, 31, blacksmith; Catherine. 35; John. 4; James, 3; Stephen, 2; 
Catherine E., i. 

Maurice Mahoney, 30. armorer; Mary. 28; Mary, 2; Margaret, I. 

Kane Mahoney, 36; Ellen. 29; Mary A., 3; John, i. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



303 



29; 
Ed- 



John Hogan, 27; Alice, 22. 

Jerry Connors, 34; Abby, 30; Charles. 11 : Julia. 7; Ellen. 2. 

Andrew Judge, 28, machinist: Mary, 30; Mary. 7. 

Patrick Donahue, 27; Mary. 25; Mary. 6; Anna, 4: Richard, 2. 

Pierre McGrath, 30; Johanna. 26; Philip, 5; Margaret. 3: Honora, 2. 

John Healy, 45: Ellen, 40; Ellen. 11 ; Catherine, 6. 

John Carberry, 29, boot-treer ; Bridget, 29; Margaret, 2; Mary, i. 

John McLaughlin, 20; Margaret. 26. 

Francis O'Beirne, 42, boot-treer; Mary. 30; John, 8; Agnes, 6; Francis, 4; Peter, 2; 

James. 4 m. 
John Hurley, 30; Alice, 25; Johanna, 9 m. 
Maurice Powers, 70; Honora. 70. 
John Flaherty, 60; Catherine, 50. 

John Ronane (Roane?), 37: Ellen, 35: Mary. 15: Honorah, 10; John, 8; Michael, I. 
Thomas Broderick, 24, baker; Bridget, 22: Ellen. 2; Richard, i ; Ellen, 56. 
Patrick Ryan, 45. boot-treer; Mary, 45; Daniel, 17, boot-treer; Mary, 15; John, 13; 

Thomas. 11 ; Edward. 9; Margaret, 5; Johanna. 3: Patrick. 4 m. 
James Hackett. 30, armorer; Johanna. 29; Catherine. 2; Maurice, 22; Ann 

Thomas, i. 
Pierce Quinlan. armorer, 57; .Alice. 311; Catherine. 13; Mary A,, 8; Ellen, 7; 

ward, I. 
John Daly, 50; Ann, 37; Maria. 14: Edward. 9; Sarah A.. 4. 
Thomas Minton, 40; Alice. 27; Margaret. 8; Julia. 6. 
William Doyle. 50. bootinaker ; Eliza. 45; James. 12; John. 10; Margaret. 6; Mary 

A.. I. 
William O'Brien, 30; Mary. 32. 
Patrick Cummings. 55 ; Ann. 54. 

Michael McGrath. 37; Bridget. 30; Philip. 11 : James, 10; Bridget, 6. 
Patrick Fitzgerald, 60; Catherine. 59. 
John Cahill. 5O ; Mary, 55. 

James Shea, 45; Anna. 33: Julia. 10: Mary. 3. 
Michael Harney. 28; Ellen. 25. 

John Cunningham. 32; Mary. 31; Michael. 12: Bridget. 10; John. 2; Thomas, i. 
Thomas Powers, 50; Mary, 40; Bridget, 18: Catherine, 12; Margaret, 4; Ellen, 2. 
William Butler, 38, armorer; Mary, 38; Mary, 13; Anna, 9; Thomas, 5. 
James Mahoney. 30; Ann, 29; Bridget, 3; Mary. i. 
Edniond Hersey. 40: Mary. 39; William, 18; Bridget, 17; James. 11 ; Margaret, 9; 

Mary. 2 m. 
Michael Connell. 3O, armorer; Mary, 24; John 4 ni. ; Mary, 60. 
Pierce Phelan. 35 ; Margaret, 25 ; Mary, 2. 
John Dunn, 40, tailor; Johanna, 41 ; Mary, 9. 
James O'Brien, 41; Mary, 31; Ellen. 4: James. 3 m. 
Thoinas Whelan, 35; Mary, 28; Michael, 4; James, 2. 
Dennis Comfort (Comatord), 45: Mary. ^2; Thomas, 8; Michael, 7; Timothy, 4; 

Ellen, 3; Margaret, i. 
Roxanna Teslen, 48; James, 23, molder ; Francis, 18, molder. 
Joseph Neale. 30, wire-drawer; Catherine, 28; Edward, I. 
James Burke, 32, wire cleaner; Eliza, 33; Mary, 3; Julia, 2. 
John Sullivan, 45; Catherine, 42; Patrick, 5; Catherine. 4; Julia, 2; Elizabeth, i. 
Owen Gilcrist, 32. wire-drawer ; Catherine, 28. 
James Meagher. 31. wire-drawer; Bridget, 37. 
Owen Martin. 40. wire-drawer; Margaret, i^: Philip, i 

Ann. 5 ; Edward. 3. 
Peter Lee. 45. teamster; Mary. 32; Ann. 10: Miles, 7; Ellen. 5; Mary. 



Ellen, 10; Bernard, 7; 



304 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Hugh Rourke, 30, wire-drawer; Mary, 25; Ann, 2; John, i. 

Michael Winn, wire-drawer, 32; Margaret, 30; Alice, 3; Mary, i. 

William McNeirney (McAnerney), 42, wire-drawer; Mary, 25; James. 6; Margaret 

E., 3. 

Michael McTague, 25, wire-drawer; Ann, 25; John, i. 

Michael King, 60, farmer; Mary, 60; Mary E., 15. 

Alexander Thompson, 18, wire-drawer; Ann, 20; William, 13; Charles, 10. 

Robert Wharton, 26, wire-drawer; Joseph, 29, do. 

James Neale, 34, wire-drawer; Isabella, 34; Charlotte E., 2; Isabella, 10 m. 

Christopher Norton, 23, spinner; Mary, 24; Mary E., 4; John W., 3; Christo- 
pher F., I. 

Peter Rice, 34. spinner ; Roxanna, 21 ; Ann. i : Sarah. 03. 

Thomas Courtney, 50; Elizabeth, 50; Bernard, 19; Michael. 17; John. 15; Brid- 
get, 13; Mary, 11; Elizabeth, 4. 

Michael Quinn. 34, blacksmith: Mary, 34; Edward. 8; Mary E., 5; Catherine, 3; 
Johanna, i. 

Michael Toole, 26, blacksmith ; William. 24, do. 

Margaret Fitzpatrick, 16. 

Peter Johnson, 28, blacksmith ; Margaret, 28 ; Thomas. 4 ; Margaret, 2. 

John Ayer. 30; Margaret, 22; John, i. 

Michael Houlahan, 30, hostler; Mary A., 29; Mary A., 4; Ellen M.. 6 m. 

Patrick Whelan, 36. hostler ; Mary, 27 ; Edward. 8 ; Elizabeth, 6 ; John, 4 ; Mary .\., 
2; Sarah, 2 m. 

Michael Manning, 50, fuller; Ellen. 45; Michael. 22. 

Catherine Joyce, 33; Peter, 14; Walter. 12: Ellen. 8; Catherine, 5; Mary A., 2. 

William Dines, 23. weaver; Jane. 25: Hugh. i. 

Caroline Veitch, 27, weaver ; Hugh, carder. 

Robert Armstrong, 24, cloth-finisher; Ann, 24; Mary A., 5; Catherine. 2. 

Thomas Donovan, 60, spinner ; Bridget, 50 ; George, 13. 

William McDonald, 24, overseer weave room; Eliza, 22. 

John Maginn, 40; Bridget, 39; Sarah, S; Thomas, 3; Ellen, i. 

William Kelly, 29 ; Elizabeth, 25 ; Hugh, 5 ; Ann, 4 ; Jane, 2 ; James, 6 m. 

Dennis Mahoney, 40; Catherine. 30; Mary A., 5; Hannah. 3: James. 2: Julia. 6 m. 

Francis Stafford, 23, boot-maker ; Ann E.. 23 ; Ann E., 6 m. 

Michael Raymond. 30; Julia, 24; John, 3; Patrick, 9 m. 

Michael Alaginnis. 40: Bridget, ,30; Margaret. 9; Mary A., 7; Thomas. 6; Martin, 
4 ; Hannah, 2 ; 

Patrick Cofifee, 44; Ellen, 50. 

John Connelly, 60 ; Bridget, 50 ; Elizabeth. 3 ; John. 9 m. 

Walter Duggan, 32, machinist; Julia, 35; John. 5; William H., 3; Mary, i m. 

Edward Luby, 32, machinist; Grace, 25; Ellen, i. 

John Leonard, 34, teamster; Margaret, 34. 

Humphrey Leary, 35, teamster; Catherine, 28; Dennis, 8; Owen, 6; Mary, 4. 

Edward Connell. 41, harness maker; Johanna. 39; Patrick J., 19, harness maker; 
Michael, 13; Dennis E., 10. 

John Gorman. 25. tailor; Ann. 25; Elizabeth. 2 m. 

Mary Welch. 53: Johanna. 21; Michael. 19; Alary. 14. 

Ward Seven : 

William Fitzgerald. 30, merchant ; Theresa, 29 ; Catherine, 62 ; James H., 25, clerk. 

Timothy McGillicuddy, 26, gardener ; Hannah, 22.. 

John Casey, 40; Ellen, 40; Thomas, 17; Ellen, 14; Honora, 12; Anna, 3. 

Patrick Sullivan, 30; Honora, 28; Joanna. 7; Margaret, 6; Mary, 2. 

Michael Andrews, 30; Ellen. 30: Mary A.. 6; Ellen. 3; Francis. I. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 305 



James Casey, 3J : Bridget, 31; Thomas. 17; Margaret, 10; Patrick, 8; James, 6; 
Mary, 2. 

Michael Kean. 38. carpenter; Maria, 28: VViUiam J . 7; Charles M., 5; Mary A., 4. 

John Coonan. 40. gardener; Bridget. 2g : Michael. 9: Mary. 8; John, 3; Joanna, 6; 
Ellen. I. 

Michael McGrau (Mc(irath). 40; Johann;i, 40; Richard. 8; William. ') ; Mary. 4; 
Johanna. 3: Patrick, i. 

John Powers. 55; Alice. 40; Thomas. 19: John. 3; Ellen. 15. 

James McGraw (McCirath), 3!) : Hannah. 30; Mary. 8; Ellen. 4; Hannah. 2; Pat- 
rick, I. 

William Powers. 31 ; Mary, 25. 

William McGraw (Mctirath). 35; Anna. 34, Mary. 7: Michael, 5: Joamia. 3; 
Patrick, i. 

Michael McLoughlin. 27. clicker; Catherine. 25: Thomas. 2; Mary J., 7 m. 

Demiis Keefe, ^2. molder ; Alice. ^2; Mary. 8; Henry. 5; Alice, 4. 

Maurice Heron, 38, mason ; Catherine, 26 ; Mary. 4 ; David. 2. 

Lawrence Hurley. 33 ; Ellen. 26. 

Martin Foley, 45 ; Mary. 36. 

John Killips. 34. engineer; Ann, 23: William. 4; Mary A.. 2: John. i. 

Patrick Kelly, 34. teamster; Ellen, 33: John. 5; William. 2 

Michael McCarthy. 23 ; Margaret. 23 ; Hannah M.. 7 tn. 

Patrick Whalan, 27 ; Margaret, 27. 

Michael Powers, 30; Bridget, 34. 

John Geary, 45, boot-bottomer ; Mary, 45; William. 16. do.; John, 10; Margaret, 
13; William, 70. 

John Qnilty, 35. boot-sider ; Mary, 25; James. 14; Joanna. 9. 

James .'\person (':), 36. mason; Jane. 38; Mary J., 6; Margaret. 5: 

James F. McCausland, 34. carder; Elizabeth. 30; Margaret. 27; Isabel E., 24. 

William Glascoe. 35, sider ; Hannah. 35; Kay. 6: W'illiam. 3. 

Patrick Butler, 40 ; Margaret. 38. 

Thomas Dwyer. 40. shoemaker; Maria. 31; John. 9; Dorance. 6; Thomas, 3; Ste- 
phen. I. 

Lawrence Rice, 38, farmer; Bridget. 37; John, 3. 

James McGavis, 38, farmer; Sarah, 24; Mary. 7: Henry. 6: Alexander, 4. 

Michael Burke, 32, mason; Mary. 35; Ellen. 11 ; Margaret. 10: Michael, 7; Patrick, 
— ; John. 2 ; Margaret, 6 m. 

Mary Welch. 30; Bridget, 10; Ellen, 9; Michael. 7; Mary. 4. 

Cornelius Collins. 38; Margaret. 3.^ : Timothy, 13; Margaret, 10; James. 8; Wil- 
liam. 3. 

Michael Scully. 3! ; Mary, 30; Mary, 4; Calahen. I. 

Michael Welch. 45. repairer; Margaret. 32: Bridget. 9: John, 7; Michael, 3; 
Thomas. 10 m. 

John Lannigan. 30, switchman; Kate. 28: Joanna, 3; Ellen, i. 

Michael Casey, 25 ; Mary, 27. 

James Powers. 36; Catherine. 34; John. 6; William. 3; Ellen. 10 m. ; Ellen, 67. 

James Casey. 23. 

Michael Brainerd. 40; Anora, 40; John. id. printer. 

Jefifries Cuhen. 40; Mary. 40. 

Robert Malony, 28; Joanna. 20; Bridget. 2; James and Hanora, I. 

James Cummins, 48; Mary. 34; Thomas, 2; James, 4 m. 

Patrick Horn. 38; Mary, 33; Nellie, 3; Bridget, 2. 

William Dunster. 34; .'\nn. 32: Michael. 9; Mary .\.. 6: Bridget. 5; John, 2; Mar- 
garet. 2 m. ; Kety. 25. 

Edmond Whaleii. 38; Mary. 39: Margaret. 3. 

W.— 1-20. 



3o6 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Daniel Healy. 40; Catherine, 40; Julia. 19: Ellen, 16; Mary, 18; John, 20. 

Michael Kirk (Quirk), 30. tailor; Eliza J., 33; Patrick, i. 

Patrick Phalen. 35; Catherine, 35; John. 6: Helen, 3. 

David Rowe, 40; Mary, 31. 

Fare! Leonard, 23, shoemaker ; Ann, 23. 

John Crotty, 35, gardener; Mary. 28; Mary. 3; Ellen, i. 

John Flynn, 35; Margaret. 30; John. i. 

Maurice Murphy, 50; Margaret, 50; David, 22, painter. 

John Terry, 27, bootsider ; Margaret, 30 ; Catherine, 5 ; Alice, 8 m. 

Margaret Mooney, 40; Julia. 13; Nicholas, u; .^nn, 8; Richard. 6: John F., 3; 
Margaret, i. 

John Welch, 29; Margaret, 30; Martin. 7; Alice, 3. 

Thomas O'Brien, 33; Bridget. 30; James. 5; Catherine, i. 

Thomas Londergan, 30; Bridget, 29; Mary, i. 

Patrick Daly, 30, farmer; Ellen, 28; John, i. 

Richard Welch. 34: Bridget. 27; Catherine. 9; Ellen. 6; Walter, 4; Margaret, I. 

Daniel Sullivan, 21, bottomer ; Hannah, 2$. 

Michael McGraw (McGrath). 25; Mary, 26; Margaret, i. 

John Mitchell, 31, gardener; Mary, 29: Peter. 7; Ann. 6; ^^■ilIianl. 5; Mary, 3; 
John, I ; Jane, 2 m. 

John Mooney, 40; Margaret, 41 ; Nicholas, 16; John, 15; Richard, 14; Margaret, 7. 

Patrick Sheehan, 40; Ellen. 32: Margaret. 3; Richard, 12; Patrick, 9. 

Bart Leary, 42 ; Ellen, 36 ; Margaret, 8 ; Ellen, 6 : Patrick, 3 ; John, 2 m. 

Patrick Quirk, 37, boot bottomer ; Hannah, 37 ; Mary A., 5 ; Thomas, 4 ; James, 2 ; 
Michael S., 6 m. 

John Flaherty. 32. boot finisher ; Mary, 34 ; Martin. 7 ; Anna. 5 ; James, 2 m. 

John Barry. 30, gardener ; Jane. 30 ; Thomas. 9 ; Mary, 7 ; John, 5 ; Katy, 2. 

James Flaherty, 32, carpenter; Mary, 22; Edward, 5; Julia, 3; Mary, 9 m. ; Ed- 
ward. 76 ; .'\nn. 78. 

Edward Kennedy, 32 ; Mary. 28. 

Rose McLoughlin. 40; Patrick, 20; Eliza. 16; Mary. 14; Catherine, 7. 

George Boyd. 23. boot-bottomer ; Rebecca, 28 ; daughter, 5 ; Robert J.. 2. 

Michael Brierly, 27; Catherine, 25; Ann, 5; James, 3; Thomas, i. 

Thomas McAvoy, 2", spinner; Ann, 25; Dudley J., 11. 

John Matthews, 40; Margaret, 20; Albert, 5; James, 2; Kate, 5. 

Michael J. Bulger. 35. carpenter; Catherine. 30; James F., lo; John J., 2; William 
A., 2; m.. 

James McLaughlin. 62; John. 23. spinner; James. 21. carder. 

Ward Eight : 

Michael Faland iFallonr). 42, boot-sider ; Anto. 50; Joanna. 13; Francis, 15. 

John Goulding, gardener. 50 ; Mary. 38 ; Peter, 12 ; Michael. 9 ; Mary .A., 3 ; Eliza- 
beth, I. 

Patrick McCaron, 28, gas-fitter ; Bridget, 27 ; Thomas H., 3 ; Ann J., 8 m. 

David Maloney, 30, blacksmith; Julia, 30; Thomas, 7; Jane, 5; James, 2. 

Barney McGarr. 32. wire-worker; Catherine, 30; James, 7; Benjamin, 2; Charles, 4. 

Jony McNamara, 38; Mary, 36; Joanna, 6; Ellen. 4. 

Daniel Murphy. 38; Margaret. 36; John. 17; William, 15; James. 7. 

John McGarr, 31, machinist; Bridget, 25; Thomas, 2; John. 9 m. ; Patrick. 40; 
Catherine. 38 ; Katy. 5 ; Mary A., 4 ; Thomas, 2. 

Edward Byrnes. 30. painter ; Eliza, 29 ; John E., 4 ; Mary F., 10 m. 

William Kearl (Carrol), 29. crimper; Mary A.. 29; Robert, i. 

George Laying, 50, machinist; Margaret, 38; Lizzie, 17; George, 16; James H., 12; 
Kate. 10; Mary J.. 8; Sarah ^L. 4. 



AND ITS PEOPLE ^o- 



Jeremiah McGady. J2, molder ; Margaret. 32: Marv A.. 7: Kate 3 

John Regan, 46, painter; Sarah. 34: Ann^e. 14; Jane. 10; Lizzie, 6; Elizabeth, 4- 

Jessie, 3; Sarah, 2 m. 
Simon Carrigan, 30; Mary, 2-; Ann, 2. 

James Rine (Ryan), 40; Catherine, 30; Mary, 5: William, ;; Lizzie, 2- James - m 
Burnet Harvey, 29: Catherine, 28: John. 7 m. 
Daniel Mack. 35. 

Michael O'Xeil. 30, wire-drawer; Mary. 22: James, 2; Thomas, 6 m. 
1 homas Conlm. 3.2: Ellen. 31 ; Jennie. 4 ; Margaret, 2; Ellen, 9 m 
Andrew Rine (Rynn), 32; Bridget, 25, " 

Patrick Holden, 48; Hannah, 4(1 : Joamia. 19; James. 18: lohn. 14; Mary 12 
Charles Fmnigan, 30; Sarah, 35; Agnes. 6. 
Lawrence McGraw, 26, teamster; Marv. 22: Mary, i. 
Richard Butler, teamster, 20; Mary, 25; Xicholas", '2 ; Bridget 3 m 
Martm Riley, 27: Mary, 28; Ann, 5; William, 2. 
John Hurley, wire roller; Ann. 34; Margaret. 1 : Margaret 's 

Owen Brierly, 44; Julia. 37: Thomas. ,7, molder; W.lliam, , T; lohn, 8; fames 6" 
Francis, 4; Edward, 2. ■ . . , 

John Doyle. 28. teamster; Joanna. 28: Edward, 6; Marv. 3; Katy i 
Richard Powers, 23; Margaret, 23; loanna, :; m 
John Leary, 33; Catherine, 40; Dennis. 7: Margaret. 5: John. 2; Patrick 30- 

Ellen, 30: Mary E., 3; Elizabeth. I. 
.John Love. 45 : Bessie. 37: Margaret. 8: James. 5: Mary L. 3: lohn R.. , ni 
Patrick Dulhgan. 29; Bridget. 27; Mary. 7 m. : Michael, 4; Bridget. 50; Thomas, 

lo; James. 14. 
Mary O'Brien. 53; Charles. 12; James. 20; machinist. 
James Maloy. 26; Bridget. 25; Katy. 3; Marv A.. 4 m. 
Thomas Rickey. 27; Ellen, 28; Margaret. 5. 

-Michael Connelly. 26; Bridget. 69: Bridge't.\>5 ; Margaret. 18; Ann 16 
Mary Moran. 65; Margaret. 15. 
Xicholas Powers. 60; Joanna. 60 ; Patrick. 18. currier; Alice, 17; Ellen. ,s; Xicho, 

las. 13; Dennis. 11 ; Julia. 9, 
John Guilloy, 60, farmer; Margaret. 33: Dennis. 3; Marv \ i 
Michael Lawlor, 30; Bridget, 25; Margaret. 5: William. 2. 
Michael Cronin. 40, gardener; Mary. 40: Honora. 8. 

Ancient Order of Hibernians.- The Ancient Order of Hibernians 
ha.s been an nn,:,ortant and influential organization in this city for more 
than htty years. It has served to keej. alive the Irislnnan's love for 
the Little Green Isle." It has forwarded every movement for the 
welfare of Ireland. It has served as a fraternal 'bond ;nno„^. men of 
Insh bn-tli and ancestry. The Order has a spacious building erected 
about thn-ty years ago at 50 Trumbull street. The Divisions are as 
follows, with year of organization, and n:imes of present officers: 

Division 1, 1867. Pres., Daniel Clifford: Rec. Sec leremiah 
Dorsey. 

Division 3, ISn. Pres.. Timothv [. Hurlev: \ice-Pres Michael 
F. Crotty; Rec. Sec. Thomas J. McDonough : Fin. Sec, fames Rourke; 
Lreas.. \\ alter N. Drohan. 

Division, "A, LsrG. Pres.. Daniel T. Mar>hall: Rec Sec lames P 
Coffev, 



3o8 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Division 34, 1896. Pres., Michael J. Sullivan; \'ice-Pres., Patrick 
J. O'Shea; Fin. Sec, John W. Donnelly: Treas., Patrick F. Clark; Rec. 
Sec, James F. Lyons. 

Division 35, 1897. Pres., Michael D. Flannery ; Vice-Pres., Fred B. 
Foley ; Rec. Sec, Lawrence O'Sullivan ; Fin. Sec, Michael J. McDer- 
inott; Treas., J. Frank McGarrell. 

Division 36, 189r. Pres., Patrick D. Flynn ; Rec. Sec, Daniel J. 
Leary. 

Division 38, 1899. Pres., Philip H. Johnston; Rec Sec, Joseph 
A. Gilfillan. 

Hibernian Guards, Co. C, 18T6. Capt. Michael A. Flynn. 

Hibernian Knights, Co. A, Capt. John J. Rogers; Co. B, Capt. Ulick 
Clifford; Co. G, Capt. Patrick D. Flynn: Co. H, Capt. WilHam H. Mc- 
Manus. 

United Divisions of Hibernians of Worcester. Pres., Daniel J. 
Marshall; Sec, Daniel J. Clifford; Treas., Edward A. Boyle. 

Building Corporation, A. O. H. Pres., John J. Rogers; Sec, Pat- 
rick J. Shea; Treas., Ulick Clifford. 

Ladies' Auxiliary, Division No. 1. Pres., Nellie Hayes; \ice-Pres., 
Mrs. Evelyn Bjorkman ; Rec. Sec, Mrs. Annie Barnicle ; Fin. Sec, 
Rita Kelley ; Treas., Mrs. Hannah McCarthy. Division 11. Pres., 
Minnie Thompson ; Rec. Sec, Mrs. Ellen Hanaver. 

Other Irish Societies. — Emmett Associates, a patriotic society, 
organized in 1915. The present officers are: Pres., Peter O. Shea; Fin. 
Sec, Martin V. Haskins ; Cor. Sec, Michael J. O'Sullivan : Treas., Fran- 
cis A. Underwood. 

The Knights of Robert Emmett, organized in 1892. Officers in 
1910: Pres., James J. O'Donnell ; Fin. Sec, Michael J. Feely ; Rec. 
Sec, Patrick J. Shea: Treas., John Duke. 

Irish National Foresters. — Nine branches of the Order of Irish Na- 
tional Foresters, a secret, fraternal and national benefit organization, 
well known throughout the country, have been organized in this city. 
All meet at A. O. H. Hall excepting Branch Innisfail. 

Branch Henry Grattan, No. 417. Officers: Chief Ranger. Patrick 
J. Creden ; Sub-chief Ranger. John J. HoUoran ; Fin. Sec, John A. Sul- 
livan; Treas., Richard F. Power. 

Branch Lady Grattan, No. 415. Chief Ranger, Mrs. John J. Bowe ; 
Fin. Sec, Margaret Tobin. 

Branch Charles Stewart Parnell. Chief Ranger, Ulick Clifford; 
Fin. Sec, John J. McCarthy: Treas., Daniel Clifford. 

Branch Fanny Parnell. Chief Ranger, Elizabeth .\. Murphy: Fin. 
Sec, Mary E. Mullaney ; Treas., Mrs. Mary Laroche. 

Branch Commodore Jack Barry. Chief Ranger, Edward A. O'Toole ; 
Sub-chief Ranger, Martin T. Carroll : Fin. Sec. John F. Farley ; Rec. Sec, 
Richard T. Whalen : Treas.. Joseph F. Leahy. 



AKW ITS PEOPLE 309 



Branch Inniscara. Chief Ranger, Mrs. Catherine Barrett; Fin. 
Sec. Irene Burke ; Treas., Ehzabeth Flanagan. 

Branch Eileen. Chief Ranger, Mrs. Beatrice J. O'Connor; Fin. 
Sec. Florence Leonard; Treas.. Mrs. Mary Wilson. 

Branch Avoca. Chief Ranger. Mrs. Minnie E. Vail; Vice-Chief 
Ranger. Mrs. Mary Henry; Fin. Sec. Minnie Mara; Rec Sec, Mrs. 
Minnie Darling; Treas., Mary T. Kelly. 

Branch Innisfail. Chief Ranger, Mrs. Leonora Aubuchont ; Fin. 
Sec. Mrs. Mary Frazier; Treas.. Mrs. J. E. Murphy. 

The Loyal Orange Institution is a branch of that well known Pro- 
testant Irish organization. The local lodge is the Justin D. Fulton 
Lodge. No. 161. The officers are: Master, Stewart Gow ; Rec. Sec, 
Samuel J. Lawson ; Treas., WiLson J. Metcalf. The meetings are held 
twice monthly at 306 Main street. 



CHAPTER \"III 

French and French Canadians 

W'hik- the greater part of the i)e(jple uf Frencli ancestry in the city 
were Ixjrn in the Province of Ouel)ec. Canada, or other I-'rench provinces, 
and ha\e ci>nie within a conijiarativel}' few years, there was as early aS 
1860 a considerable number of these famihes here. It is known that 
at least one French-Canadian. Charles Benoit. was living here as earh" 
as 1820. Old records show that from 1820 to Ls2li the folhnving French- 
Canadians located here : Augustin and Francois Fusignan ; Francis, 
Joseph and Charles Proulx ; Joseph St. George: and Bajitiste Roy, all of 
St. Ours, Canada: Antoine I-leaudreau. Charles and Pierre lienoit, Lanis 
Gosselin, of Sorel, Canada: Joseph r)uellet, of Quebec, .-uul Prudent 
Maille. of .St. Hilaire. Jose])h Prue. ;i Frenchman, was here in 1829; 
also A. Ci. Withier. confectioner. 

1 hese ])eople were descendants of the F"rench pioneers who founded 
Quebec and .Montreal, even before Massachusetts was .settled. Most 
of the men had trades and were skilful artisans, especially in the build- 
ing trades. They were good carpenters and masons, machinists and 
mechanics. The}- went into the mills and factories, and ha\e done their 
part in the past half century in manufacturing as well as building. They 
have figured in commercial and professional life, as the biographies of 
lawvers. editors, merchants, doctors and dentists will show, .-\mong: 
the ]jioneers there were few common laborers and few illiterates. Until 
a dozen years ago it was unusual to find a French Canadian emploved 
in any of the mimicijial work or departments. .Since manufacturers 
ha\"e begun to discriminate against men of ad\'anced \-ears, a few have 
sought work in the city deiiartments. 

These people are thrifty and saving. If all classes of people com- 
posing the jjopulation of the city in the past fifty years had Iieen as 
frugal and forehanded as those of French-Canadian birth and descent, a 
Home Farm would not exist. The records of that institution in the 
past fift}' }ears show that on the average there has been liut one per- 
manent inmate of French-Canadian stock. 

In llM-'i there were in W'circester 2,:3f)'.i French, tiorn in Canada. 21 
years or over, of whom 1.08T were naturalized. 

The French people of this city have for half a centurv taken a 
place of leadership in the estimation of other French groups throughout 
New England and even in Canada, due partly to the central location of 
the city. l)Ut more to the sujjerior intellectual abilitv of Rev. J. B. Pri- 
meau. who had very few equals in New England, and to Ferdinand Gag- 
non. joiu'nalist. who as a writer and elixpient orator focussed all French 



312 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Canadian eyes on the French group in this city, and attracted hither a 
large number of skilled artisans. 

Among the most prominent and widely known French Canadians of 
Worcester were the late Ferdinand Gagnon, Adelard J. Harpin, the well 
known singer, and Hector L. Belisle, now superintendent of schools in 
Fall River, Mass. 

In the Civil War. large contingents of French enlisted, and their 
names will be found recorded on the roll of honor in the G. A. R. Build- 
ing, Pearl street. In the Spanish War not less than sixty-one Franco- 
Americans from this city served in the City Guards, Wellington Rifles, 
Twelfth Regiment, in the regular army, and other organizations. 

The old Foster Street Railroad Station, where the French came 
from Canada, bound for all parts of New England, was known through- 
out the Province of Quebec as "Le Depot du Pere Cote" (Old Cote's 
Depot). Godfroi Cote was for more than twenty-five years employed by 
the Worcester & Nashua Railroad Company as an interpreter. 

After the Civil War there was a constant stream of immigration 
from Canada. In 1890 there were about 1 0,000 of French stock here, and 
in 1917 at least 20,000. 

The higher educational advantages are sought, and college gradu- 
ates increase in number year by year. In December, 1917, five young 
men of French families of this city were ordained at Montreal, as fol- 
lows: Rev. Alvin Gagnon, son of Felix J.; Rev. Adelard Ducharme, 
son of Napoleon: Rev. William Leclair, son of Eugene: Rev. 'Leo Lavi- 
olette, son of George H.: Rev. George Dumas, son of Joseph. 

It is to the credit of the French people here that they have always 
been interested in amateur theatricals. They are a source of entertain- 
ment, and tend to maintain the ctistom of sjieaking French in the family 
circle, without impairing the facility or practice of speaking English. 
The Cercle Sans-Gene Dramatic Club is the best known dramatic organi- 
zation. Its plays are presented generally in the Worcester Theatre : the 
actors compare favorably with professionals. J. Arthur Relisle is presi- 
dent : Henry C. de \'itry, the dramatic director of the club. 

There are two other clubs — the Artisans, of which Joseph P. Demers 
is president. Dolor H. Baisclair, treasurer; and St. Joseph's Dramatic 
and Musical Club, of which Joseph P. E. Lajoie is president, Arthur O. 
L. Robert, treasurer, and Rev. J. N. Dupuis, dramatic director. 

The French physicians who have practiced in this city are: P. B. 
Migneault, A. Goulet. F. Fredette, Napoleon Jaques, Felix D. Fontaine, 
Omer Larue, E. D. St. Cyr, Joseph E. Gendron, F. X. Barolet, Jules H. 
Pirlot. J. H. Maynard Bellerose. J. Em. Fournier, Oliver Charbonneau, 
Joseph Charbonneau, L. A. H. Heroux, Joseph ChatTers, A. L'Africain, 
j. A. Daigneault. L. P. de Grandpre, J. C. E. Tasse, (D. D. L.). D. O. 
Jacques, L. L. Auger, \\'illiam E. Langlois, Charles A. Lussier, S. A. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



313 



Daudelin. Ed. C. Rochi-tte, I'hilipjie E. Xicol, Alpliduse N. Ducharnu-, J. 
Ed. Pelletier, Arthur A. Lanu-. A. Eugene Messier and J. E. Leniire. 

The French dentists: Alphonse Larocque, Adelard J. Har])in. J. B. 
Bonbeau, Joseph E. Rochette, Henry Martin, I-"rank C Martin, William 
F. Anioit and J, C. E. Tasse. 

The First Families. — In coni])iling the fullowing list of French Ca- 
nadian families who \vere here in 18G0. an attempt has lieen made to 
eliminate the English, American and Irish families who came from 
Lower Canada. The spelling of many of the names is evidently wrong ; 
the census enumeraters were unfamiliar with French names, hut descen- 
dants of these first-comers will doubtless be able from the jiersonal names 
and locations to identify their families. Some of the single men men- 
tioned dnubtless brought their families liere later, or married here. In 
revising the manuscript of this chapter. ^Ir. .Alexandre Belisle has given 
in parenthesis the i)roj)er spelling of many of these names. 



Residents of Worcester in I860.- 

ada, unless otherwise noted: 



-The following were l)orn in Can- 



Ward One : 

Joseph Pcnseau (Pariseau). _'5. currier; 

Sarah, 23. 
Clement Grenon, 25. mnlder: .'^cipliia. 25; 

Victoria. 2\ Mary, 7 m. 
Peter Beaudrcau, ,?7, hlackMnith ; \'ic- 

toria, 36; Victoria, 17; Margaret, 14: 

Peter, 12; Emma, 6. 
Felix Dagg (Daigle), 35, grinder; Mary, 

27: Feli.x, 9; Joseph X., ;; Israel. 

3: Sarah, I. 

Ward Two : 

P'aul Lanf^lois, 2y, blacksmith ; Flora, 25 ; 
Joseph, 3; Rozanna, 2; AK'in. 6 m. 

Joseph Lowry, 25, niolder ; Mary. 18: 
.■\lfred. 5 m. 

Joseph Benaway (Benoit), 24; Matilda, 
2i: George, 2; Frederic, 1. Charles 
Benoit (his father) came to Worces- 
ter in 1820. As far as we know was 



Joseph Duset (Doucette?), 40, iruckman : 

Susan, 28; George, 9: William, 7; 

Mary, 3; Henry, 3 m. 
William Santum (St. Oiikc), ^,2. molder ; 

Edouard, 28; Louisa, 3; William, i. 
Josc|)h Massissio (Marchesseauet ), 29; 

blacksmith. 
Andrew St. Andrew (St. Andre), 29; 

blacksmith. 
Franklin Belville, 26. machinist. 
Edward Bazin, 2}. carriage painter. 



the lirst to locate here ; he came irom 

St. Orvis. district of Richelieu. 
Jury Depo iDepeau), 26, blacksmith: 

Matilda, 2t,: Rosanna, 4; Victoria, 

ti in. 
Peter Duprey. 22,: Sarah, 20; Joseph, 4; 

Sarah, i. 
Arthur Larock (Larocque), 30; Mary; 

Ida, 2. 



Ward Three : 

Peter Heraan (Heroux). 27: Frances. 

28 : Theodore, 6. 
Maxim Gagnon. 45, cook: Esther, 2^: 

Louisa. 3 ; .\gnes. i : Maurice. 47. 



Joseph Christmas (Noel), 41, mason; 

Frances. 37; -Amelia. 11; Flora, 7; 

Margaret, 6 m. 
Joseph Banon (Baron), 2^, shoemaker; 

Mary. 27: \'ittoria, I. 



314 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Ward Four: 

Felix P. Morway (Marois). 32. clerk; 
Chloe, 30: still living at Xo. 2 Dart- 
mouth St. 

Isidore LeDoux. 40, engineer ; Louisa. 28 : 
Mary, 18; Esra, 15; Joseph. 11 : Wil- 
liam. 3 : .N'apoleon. 7 m. ; Stephen. 

Ward Five : 

Sophia Plant (Plante). 46: Sopliia. 23; 

Eliza, 5. 
John Gimmar, 45 : Mary, 44. 
Peter Visna (V'izina), 39. blacksmith; 

Abner, 10 ; Josephine, 7. 
Charles Champeau, a, polisher ; Harriet. 

Ward Six: 

Joseph Benseau. 43 ; Frances, ;ii ; Rose. 
14; .•\melia. 12; Margaret. 10; De- 
lia. 9; Valore, 7; John, 6; Joseph, 
27- 

Michael Dea. 39 ; Mary. 34 ; Joseph, 17 ; 
Michel, 16; Mary, 14; Cornelia. 
5; Joseph G., 3; Isabel, i. 

Charles Martin. 30. wire drawer: ."Xnn, 
26. 

Louis Tebeaux (Thibeau), 43. warper; 
Mary, 38; Caroline, 15; Julia, 14; 
Frank, 12; Maria, 10; Joseph. 9; 
Mary, 7; Louisa, 6; Peter, 21; So- 
phia, 21; Henry, i; George. 11: 'A.. 
45; Moses, 10; David, 8; Mary. 7. 

Ward Seven : 

Angeline Maple ( Desplaines ), 36: Theo- 
docia A.. 6; Frederick T., 15; Jose- 
phine £., 12; Liberty B., 9; Magloin 
Lalihertee Wend, 2; Cleophus Lali- 
bertce Wend. 2, 

Ward Eight: 

Paul Prevo (Prevost), 35, farmer. 
Oliver Millette, 21, overseer. 



91. (His office was on Truinbull St., 
at McConville's Pharmacy; he went 
to Canada to live in May, 1870). 
P. B. Mignault, 40, physician; Catherine, 
37; Mary E., 10; Mary .A., 8; P. B. 
C. Jr., 5 ; Louis D.. 4. 



34; Elizabeth, 10; Mary T., 3: Ju- 
lia, 3 m. 

Joseph Russet, 38, shoemaker ; Rosa, 37 ; 
Rozanna, 3 ; Jos,. 6 m. 

Theodore LeFleur, t,2. stone cutter ; Lu- 



Joseph Brousseau, 34; Julia. 36: Isa- 
bella, 7; Aurelia. 3; .Alfred, 2 m. 

Alex Tebeaux (Thibeau), 22, spinner; 
Sophia. 17. 

Charles Brousseau, 52, machinist ; Mary, 
43; Charles, 2^,. shearer: Joseph, 17; 
Matilda, 14; David, 12: Elizabeth, 
10; Isaac. 9; Roxanna. 8; John. 4. 

Edward Brousseau, 45. watchman ; Au- 
relia. 40; Charles. 19; Peter. 16: Jo- 
seph. 14 ; Serena. 9 ; John. 6. 

Frank Lauson (?). 31. weaver; Margar- 
et, i2 ; Levi, 6 ; Henry, 3 ; Matilda, 
i: Levi, 34, weaver; Roxanna, 38: 
Levi. 12; Francis. 10; Henry, 5; 
Marcli, I. 

Xelson Hero (Heroux), 30, shoemaker: 
Catherine, 30; Mary, 9; Lena, 6: 
Agnes, I m. 

Nelson Rubado (Robidoux), 28; Eliza- 
beth, 25; Elizabeth, 4; Joseph, i. 



Leuis Santum (St. Onge), 16. 
Charles L. Defarge (Desfarges), 19, 
shoemaker. 



The following' were iKjrn in France, and lived in Ward Six: Peter 
Stirchler, .31). armorer ; Marian, 36 ; Peter, 16 : Albert, 8 ; Mary A.. 10 ; 
Charles, 7 ; Raymond, 3 ; John, 2 ; Catherine Weislau, 60 ; Henry Oliver, 
harness maker, 22. 



French Newspapers. — The following French newspapers have been 
published in this cit_\-: 



AND ITS PEOPLIi 315 



L']in])artial and L'Idee Xoiu'ellc. tiiuiidfii in ISiIil l)y Mederic Lane- 
tot; but two issues of t-ach were published. 

L'Etendard National, a weekly founrlefl by Ferdinand (jaji^non. Xo- 
vember .'i. ISf!;!. This pulilication was continued until IST'i in Mon- 
treal. 

Le Foj'er Canadien. a weekly founded !)y Ferdinand Gagnoii and 
Frederic Houde, March is. is;;); pui)lished at ^'O Central Exchange 
nearly two years. 

Le Travailler. founded by Ferdinand (iagnon, October lii. 1S74. 
owned later by Charles Lalime and B. Lenthier of Lowell : the most 
important French newspaper in New England from its foundation until 
its suspensicMi. December Ml. l.S!)'.'. First ofhces. Main street. Later. 1'.'"^ 
Front street. 

La Lanterne Magiipie. a cumic illustrated iiajier. f(.)unded by Dr. J. 
N. C). Provencher. .August !•">. IsT."). The inunder was also comi)ositor. 
editor and engraver oi the wood cuts used in the paiier ; it was published 
for about eight months. C)fitices, oil Main .St. 

Le Bien Publique. a tri-weekl_\-. f(junded by Charles (jigault. Janu- 
ary 10. 1.S79: li\-ed for two years. 

Le Courrier de Worcester, founded by \'ictor B)elnager. F'eb. ti. 
18T9, owned later by B. Lenthier. published until the fall of ISif;!. Otiices 
at 154 FTont St., later 32 Exchange Building. 

Le Republican, founded by P. L". X'aillant and F. J. Laurie in lMt2; 
lived a few months, until after the presidential campaign. 

Le Reveil, a weekly founded in IS'.t-") b\- Rene de Chalut: puldished 
by L. J. Latour, '-Vl Exchange street ; li\'ed ■tw(j years. 

Le Worcester Canadian. an annual directory founded by J. .Arthur Roy, 
November 4. 188(i; published frcjni llMis until W^Vi by Joseph E. Rochette. 
340 ^[ain street. 

Le Coq, a comic weekly, founded Jul_\- 4. llMll. b_\- J. .Arthur Roy; 
lived a few months. 

Le Canadien-Americain, a morning daliy. founded .\pril 14. l!tnT. by 
Joseph T. Lord; fifteen issues were published. 

Le journal, founded in I'.HIT. by Charles R. Daoust ; onl}- a few- 
issues printed. 

L'(Jpinion Publique, founded b\- Belisle Brothers, the present ])ro- 
prietors, lanuary 27, 1893, ;ill Main St.. was published as a tri-weekly 
until bSi)8 ; in Alav of that year being made an afternoon daily. The offices 
were moved in 189() t(j 11") Front street and continued there until the 
present spacious quarters in the Walker Building, Federal St.. were 
occupied in 191(i. The office has an extensi\'e and well-equi])])ed print- 
ing plant and commands a large business both among English and 
French customers. (See biograi-ihies of C. Edmund Belisle, .\le.xander 
Belisle and brothers). 

Guide Francais, an annual, published first in I'.IHI l)y the Belisle 
Printing Company. 

Cafes. — It may be of interest to note that the first F'rench cafe here 
was o])ened by Leon Robert in Washington Square ; the second by 
Antoine Bachand at 311 Main street, and later at the corner of Burnside 
Court and .South Bridge street; the third by Joseph Beausoliel. at the 
corner of Central and L'nion streets. These cafes were the meeting 



3i6 



HISTORY OP WORCESTER 



places of the men, and social centers of importance for the French 
people. 

Churches. — In 1846 Rev. Zephirin Levesque opened a Catholic Mis- 
sion in a hall on Main street, but after six months the pastor's health 
failed and he went to New Orleans, turning over the sum of $200 that he 
had raised, to Bishop J. B. Fitzpatrick. of Boston. Afterward the 
money was given to the parish in Millburw then in charge of Father 
Levesque, whose health was restored. 




ST. JOSEPH'S CHURCH, W ALL STREET. 

In 1852 another elTort was made to establish a i'Vench church by 
Rev. N. Mignault. There were only forty French families at that time 
in the city, and in order to concentrate their efforts a Society, St. Jean 
Baptiste, was organized July 8, 18.53. The number was too limited, how- 
ever, and in 18.-)4 the land that had been purchased at what is now 105 
Shrewsbury street, with foundations j^artly constructed for a church, 
was deeded to Rev. \V. Gibson, of St. John's Church. (See St. Anne's 
history in this work). 

Notre Dame des Canadiens, Roman Catholic, was founded in 1869, 
The first mass was celebrated in Horticultural Hall, Sept. 12, 1869, by 
Rev. J. B. Primeau, the first pastor. The first mass in the old brick 



AND ITS PEOPLE 317 

church which stoud on the present site of the Bancroft Hotel was on 
June 1, 18T0. Tlie parocliial school was tounfled in September, 1880. 
The Notre Dame dcs Canndiens cemetery was dedicated in May, 1885. 
The present church in .Salem ,S(niare was i)urcliased of the First Baptist 
Society in July. lUO'i. and the old cluircli. which had been partly 
destroyed by hre, was sold, together with the rectory, t(j the Bancroft 
Realty Company for ,$;).".. 000. on Nov. -U. I'.M I. 

There have been live pastors — Rew J. 1!. I'rimeau. 18G9 to 1883; 
Rev, Fr. \'ignon. S. J.. bss-J : Rev. Fr. I'.eaudry. S. ].. 1SS2-3 ; Rev. 
Joseph Brouillet. ISS:i to l'.t04; Rev. Louis D. (irenier, 1!M)4 to the pres- 
ent time. Present assistants. Re\". Henry T. Lusignan and Rev. Albert 
I. Rivest. 

St. Xom dc Jesus (Holy Xame) ftnuided h'el). T. 1893, the church 
is on Illinois St. Rev. J. Edmond Perreault. founder, is still the pastor. 
Assistants, Rev. J. E. Larochelle and Albert Fleury. 

St. Joseiih's Church. Catiiolic, was founded in 1S!i-3. The building is 
on Wall street, corner of Thorne. Rev. Joseph C. .\llard has been rector 
since RIOT. Rev. J. Noe Dupuis has been his assistant since 1914; Omer 
Chevrette since 11)1."). 

St. .\nthony's Church, Roman Catholic, was founded in 1904. Rev. 
Joseph I. Lord has Ijeen rector since 191o. The church is in Vernon 
square. The assistant rector is Jose]ih Laurent. 

Church of Our Lady of the Rosary. — This parish was established 
in 1911. Rev. Cedeon Fontaine pastor. It is a rapidly growing church. 
The place of worshi]) is on Fales street. Greendale. Rev. Joseph M. 
Brochu succeeded Father Fontaine as rector in 19K. Both French and 
English-speaking people are members of this parish. 

French Bajitist Missionary Church. 170 Beacon street, founded in 
1873, reorganized in 1890. Rev. .Samuel C. Delagneau has been pastor 
since 1904; .-\zarie Brissette was sujjerintendent of the Sunday school 
in 1917. 

Religious Institutions. — The Home for the -A-ged, founded in 1889, 
located ()n I'horne street, had in 1917, 130 inmates. It is conducted by 
the Little b^rruiciscan Sisters of Mary, generall}- known as the Brown 
Nuns. 

St. .\nne's C)rphanage, fuunrled in is'.il, hjcated on Granite street, in 
1917, sheltered 240 children. It is conducted by the Sisters of Charit}' of 
Montreal. (See Gray Nuns). .V large percentage of the orphans are of 
French Canadian parentage. 

The New England French-.\merican Home for Children is a Wor- 
cester institution, though the home is located in Fitchburg. The society 
was incorporated in lS9!i. Officers in 1917: Mrs. Cora E. Gosselin, 
pres. ; Mrs. Josephine L. Petit, vice-pres. and manager; Mrs. Rosanna 
King, treas. ; Mrs. L. C. Blais. sec, 210 June street. Worcester. 

Assumption College, founded in 190(3 by the Augustinian Fathers of 



3i8 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

the Assiim])tiuii. is descril.ied with the other colleges in the chapter on 
Education. 

-Notre Dame School. — The parish school of Notre Dame was founded 
in l<ss(i by Father J. B. Primeau, and has been conducted by the Sis- 
ters of St. Anne. The new building on Orange street, erected in 1916 
and opened in January. It'll, has twelve class rooms, and an enrollment 
of 45(1 pupils and twehe teachers. The architect was O. E. Nault : the 
contracttir, Eli Ilelisle. 

Social, Fraternal and Benefit Societies. — Societe St. Jean Baptiste, a 
benefit organization, foimded January 1, ISliS, by Joseph Marchessault 
and Pierre Ludger Pacjuette, is the oldest of the French societies in the 
city. At one time the membership was ','i''.. Officers in IStlT: Najio- 
leon J. Barrierre, president: Louis F. Dunnmchel. \'ice-president : Na- 
poleon C. Dubois, financial secretary. 

The Franco-American Foresters, Court Louis Joseph Papineau, No. 
S.J, is the second oldest French organization. Ofificers in 1917: C. F., 
Frederick C. Nault; S. C. F., Jean B. Brodeur: Fin. Sec. Napoleon 
Dubois: Rec. Sec, Romeo D. Raymond: Treas., Peter V. Latour. 

L'L'nion Canadienne, organized in 1892, with the Supreme Council 
in Woonsocket, Rhode Island; incorporated in 190."). OiTicers in 1917: 
Adelard D. Dubois, pres. ; Arthur O. L. Roberts, vice-pres. ; Roderigue 
Boulay, rec. sec; Louis Provencal, treas. 

Societe des Artisans Canadiens Francais, a mutual lienel'it and insur- 
ance organization with headquarters in ?^Iontreal. Canada; has at present 
four branches in this city, viz: 

Worcester Branch. No. 11. Artisans; officers in 1917: Andre G. 
Lajoie, pres.; Pierre P. Messier and Ernest Riopel, vice-pres.; and 
Pierre J. Turcotte. sec. and treas. In 191iS Andre G. Lajoie was pres., 
Ernest Riopel and Auguste Jette. vice-pres. 

.St. Joseph Branch. No. 150. Artisans, the officers of which were : Raoul 
H. M. Dufault. pres. ; Albert Rondeau, vice-pres. ; Anthoine Bourque, sec, 
and Eugene Therrien, treas. 

Notre Dame Branch, No. 171, .Artisans, the officers of which were: 
Jean L. Gravel, pres. ; Leo L'Esperance and Josejih P. Dulnique, vice- 
pres. : Pierre Gagnon, sec. and treas. 

St. Anthony Branch, No. 'i'M\ .Artisans, the officers of which were: 
Octave Morin, pres.: Arthur Duhamel and Henry Desplaines, vice-pres.; 
Napoleon C. Dubois, sec. and treas. C)ctave Morin was president in 
1918: Arthur Duhamel and David Bergeron, vice-pres. 

Dramatic Club of the Artisans, a social organization, the officers 
of which were : Phillias LaPlante, pres. : Ray Fournier, and Conrad 
Bernier. \ice-pres; Dolor H. Boisclair, treas.; Joseph Cyrs, rec sec; 
Henry Provencal, fin. sec. 

Union St. Jean Bajitiste d'Amerique is a national org;uiization hav- 
ing two branches in this city. 

Conseil Franchere. No. 56, established in 1907. Officers in 1917: 
Henri A. Rousseau, pres. : George G. Lavigne, vice-jires. ; Adelard J. 
Angers, sec. ; Charles D. Thiebeault. treas. 

Conseil Jeanne Hachette, No. 164, constituted in 1906; officers in 



.■iXP ITS PEOPLE 319 



l!»i: : ;\Irs. Ef,'lantine A. C'adoret. pros.; Lea llrddfur. sec, 'ri I'orthind 
?trc'c-t : Beatrice I'leau, treas. 

L'Union Ste. Anne, organized in ISiK.i; present officers: Mrs. Louis 
Gagnon, pres. : Mrs. I'aul Sansoucy and Mrs. Odias Emond. vice-jires. ; 
Mrs. Carnielie Casavant, sec. : Mrs. Eglantine Cadoret, treas. 

Court Notre Dame, Catholic Foresters, has a membership of two 
hundred. Officers, lUK: C. F.. Calo.xte Kohitaille : S. C. F.. (ieorge 
Picard : secretary, J. A. Xolet. 

Bon .Ami Club is a social organization: officers in I'.ii; : Ilt-nry L. 
Gendron. ])res!dent ; Louis .Asselin. secretar}- ; Elie Raymond Jr., treas. 

Branch Sainte Cecile of the L. C. B. A. Officers in liJlT: Emma 
Rochon, pres.; Rose Anna Plamondon. and Mrs. Eugene Lacourse, 
vice-pres. ; Rose Alba llissonnette. sec; Ida Mineau. treas. 

Circle .\dele, C^itholic C)rder of Foresters; officers in 11)1 T; Mrs. 
Joseph .\rsenault, C. F. ; Alma I). Charon, secretary; Mrs. Marie L. 
Lorion. treas. 

Branch Rochelle, I. C". of .\merica. ()fficers in liM';: Louise B. 
Parrott. pres.; Hermine Moge. vice-pres.; Mrs. L. V. Dumouncel. sec; 
Lilian N. Dumont. treas. 

Societe de L'.\ssom])tion. Notre Dame Branch, No. 4S. founded 
November 18, IDOli, is both social and insurance in its objects. The 
membership is restricted to Acadian French. Officers in liMT; h'idele 
Poirier, North Oxford, pres.; Charles' E. Gcisselin, sec; Lucas .\liain, 
treas., Fisherville. Present membership. thirty-fi\e. 

Societe Les Enfants de la France, organized in I'.tOS. is .-i patriotic 
and social society; officers in ]!)1T; Cyprien Cazal.i, pres.; Joseph 
Devrysse, treas. ; Eugene C. Escolas. sec. 

\\'ard Three Registration and Improvement Society is one of the 
leading political clubs of the French-Canadians. It has lieen active and 
useful in securing naturalization, registration of voters, and in educating 
French-speaking citizens to their duties. Officers in RtlT: Ovila Blais, 
pres.; Louis Provencal, rec sec; Alfred Lemay. fin. sec. 

Societe I'liilharmonique is a musical organization. ( >fficers in 
191T: C)dilon Talbot, jjres. ; Ernest La Branche, sec; Mrs. Theodore 
A. Buron. treas. ; Joseph D. Brodeur, musical director. 

Cercle Jeanne Mance. a literary and social club, founded in 101.3. 
Officers in 1917: Anna C. Parrott, pres. ; Corinne E. Rocheleau, treas.; 
Alida E. Grange, cor. sec. 02 Grand street. 

Carpenters" L^nion, No. 408, has a membership of nearly 500; officers; 
Simon Duchesne, i)res, ; r)dias Emond, rec. sec; .Mliert A. Gagnon, 
fin. sec. 

La Caisse Poinilaire de Notre Dame (Credit Union) was organized 
in 1011, and has a membership of nearly GOO. The two principal officers, 
T. B. N. Soulliere, president, and Joseph T. Kolierge, treasurer, having 
died within two weeks in February, 1018; the lioard of officers now con- 
sists of Rev. J. M. lirochu, pres.; E.xlore P. Metivier, treas.; Noy J. Mar- 
tel, sec; and \V. Levi Bousquet, Eli Galijjeau, J. B. Brodeur, directors; 
Eli Belisle. Eugene Soly and A. H. Girardin. security committee; (jeorge 
C. Girardin. George E. Belisle and Frederic Boisseau, auditing com- 
mittee. 

The Worcester Branch of L'AUiance Francaise was founded bv Col. 
Edward B. Glasgow and the late Felix A. Belisle. April 1. 1902. L'Alli- 
ance Francaise is an educational society, established in 1880 in Paris. 
The first American group or branch was established in Boston in 1896. 



320 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

The American federation was organized l)v lames H. Hvde, of New 
York, in 1903. 

Previous to the organization of the Worcester grouji. thanks to 
the generosit}' of citizens interested in the propagation of the French 
language, some of the most noted French authors and Htterateurs visited 
this city, namely : Edouard Rod, who spoke at the residence of Mrs. 
Edwin Smith, 1897; Rene Dounic, who spoke at the residence of Mrs. 
E. D. Buffington in 1898; Henri de Regnier. who lectured at the resi- 
dence of Airs. Lincoln P. Kinnicutt in 1900. Since then about fifty 
French teachers, authors and others of prominence had lectured before 
L'Alliance. Among these speakers were: Germain Martin of the Mu- 
see Francais; Andre Michel, professor of I'ecoie du Louvre; M. D. Des- 
pradelles, M. L T. Boston; Rene Millet, ex-ambassador to Sweden and 
Serbia ; Sergie de \'esselitsky, of Russia : C. P. Lebon, of Salon Fran- 
cais, Boston; Mine Edmond Jandrier; Anatole LeBraz, Laureat de 
I'Academic Francaise ; Prof. Alorin of McCiill University; Prof. F. C. 
Sumichrast of Harvard; Andre Tridon ; Rev. Louis Lalande, S. J., of 
Montreal; Dr. J. Arniand Bedard. of Lynn; Miss Eugenie Gerlac, of 
Paris; Marie-Louise Camus of Wellesley ; Marcel Poete, of Paris; 
Gusti Schmidt, of Wellesley; O. H. Dupalet, of Boston; Urbain J- Le- 
doux. ex-consul to Prague ; Mrs. A. G. Earned. Boston ; Gilbert Chin- 
ard. Brown L'niversity ; Helene A. Forest, Wellesley; Gustave Michaut, 
University of Paris; Louis Delmarre; Gov. Aram J. Pothier, of Rhode 
Island; Gonzalve Desaulniers, poet; \'icompte de la Jarrie, Brown Uni- 
versity; Dr. Henri Beland, Canada; Firmin Boz, Paris; Prof. Jean 
Beck, University of Illinois ; Magdalaine Garret, Wellesley ; Paul Vitry, 
of Paris ; Andre Bellesort, of Paris ; Mrs. Alexandre Marius, of Boston ; 
Prof. Jean C. Brack, Vassar; Prof, Henri Roux, of Newark, N. J.; 
Eugene Brieux, of Paris; Prof. Henri Lichtenberger, Harvard; Mrs. 
Slatof Portier, of Boston; A. D'Avesne, of Boston; Andre Le Breton; 
Henri Coville, author and soldier; Leon Dupriez, of Louvain ; Paul 
Lessac, of Paris ; Prof. Joachim Merlant, L'Universite de Montpelier, 
France; A. de Lapradelle, professor, France; Mr. and Mrs. Emile Vil- 
lemin, of the Theatre Francais; Mrsf. Emilie Dambrine, N. Y. ; Prof. 
Maurice Boucher, of Lyons, France. 

The presidents of the Worcester group have been: Col. Edward 
B. Glasgow, 1902-3; Felix A. Belisle. 190-t-o; Dr. Arthur G. Webster, 
1906; Dr. Louis P. de Grandpre, 190T ; Rev. Frank Crane, 1908; Judge 
William T. Forbes, 1909; George F. Cole, 1910; James Green. 1911; 
Dr. Louis L. Auger, 1913-0 ; Marv P. Jefts. 1914-5; Alexandre Belisle, 
1916-7. The secretaries: Dr. John M. Steele. ]902-:5-4 ; Mary P. Jefts, 
1905; Lenora Vinal, 1906; Mrs. A. L. Denechaud, 1907; Beatrice Char- 
bonneau, 1908-9; N. Oliver Simard, 1910-11-13: Edouard A. Brodeur, 
1913; Mrs. Edith St. John, 1914; Sarah H. Girardin. 1915-6; Elizabeth 
Moen. 1917-18. 

It may be interesting to note that as early as 1877 a French play, 
"La Poudre Aux Yeux" was presented by amateurs in State Mutual 
Hall. 240 Main street. In the caste were: Charles A. Chase, Charles 
H. Doe, Col. and Mrs. A. G. Bullock. Stephen Salisbur} . Miss Eliza- 
beth Burnside and Mrs. Richard Ward Greene. 

Le Club Republican Franco-Americain du Massachusetts. — The 
Franco-American Club of iMassachusetts was organized at the Ainerican 
House in Boston, June 6, 1906. Its organization has been attributed 
severally to Ex-Governor Curtis Guild Jr.. to the officers of the Repub- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 321 

lican State Committee, and also to individual Franco-Americans, who 
felt the need of such an organization for the development of Republi- 
can principles among them and for the political advancement of the 
population of French descent. 

Prominent among the organizers was Dr. Louis L. Auger, of Wor- 
cester, who was provisional president through the preliminary organiza- 
tion and became honorary president ; and at whose home here the first 
plans for the Club were made. At the first meeting in Boston there 
were present from Worcester : Dr. L. L. Auger, C. Edmond Belisle, 
proprietor, and W. Levi Bousquet, manager, of L'Oinion Publique ; 
Felix Charbonneau, merchant; Dr. S. A. Daudelin, afterwards U. S. Com- 
missioner to the Bordeaux World's ^Maritime Exposition; C. Herbert 
DeFosse, Charles E. Dubreuil. John F. Jandron, Esq., and John B. 
Simard, all prominent in the life of the Franco-American people of 
Worcester. 

The Club was encouraged by Governor Guild, who made several 
public appointments from its members and was very active in its early 
days. Under later State administrations which did not favor hyphen- 
ated organizations, the Club was less active, but has always kept together 
and has annually held one or more banquets and field days in various 
portions of the State, which have called together the leaders of the 
French race from the numerous centers in Massachusetts, and which 
men of prominence in the State and Nation have addressed. Among 
the notable gatherings in and about Worcester was one at the White 
Cit3' in September, 1910, organized directh^ by the then vice-president, 
John B. Simard. at which Senator Lodge was the principal orator. At 
this gathering sixty came from New Bedford. The Club also held an 
outing at Point Breeze, Webster, in 1913. In 191.3. the Club, encouraged 
by Chairman Edward A. Thurston, of the Republican State Committee, 
held three large outings in Fall River, Canobie Lake, New Hampshire, 
and atWhalom Park, Fitchburg, — the outing at Whalom being the largest 
political outing held in Worcester county that year, and one of the most 
successful that the Club ever held. Henry L. Proulx, then chairman of 
the Republican City Committee of Worcester, was of great assistance 
in the 1915 outings, especially the one at Whalom Park. In that year 
the Club also organized fifty political rallies for the fall campaign and 
circularized the French population ; and its work was valuable to both 
the nomination and the election in close contests of Governor McCall. 
During the fall campaign, the Club has usually had quarters with the 
Republican State Committee, to which the Secretary devotes his time. 
At one time, the secretary of the Club was at the headquarters for the 
entire year. 

Worcester men who have been officers and prominent in the work 
of the Club have been the men above mentioned, and Edward A. Bro- 
deur, Esq., of Worcester, who has been secretary for the last four j'ears, 
was the organizer of the Whalom Park outing of 1915 and the leader in 
the Club's activity that year. Alderman at Large, Nelson J. Langue 
also has served on the E.xecuti\e Committee, the last two years. 

The Franco-American Dispensary. — The establishment of a free dis- 
pensary by French-speaking people in Worcester was first conceived by 
the Franco-American Medical Society. At a meeting of prominent 
business and professional men, held on May 9, 1915, Dr. S. Alphonse 
Daudelin, president of the Franco-American Medical Society, and other 
W.— 1-21. 



322 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

members, explained the purpose of the meeting and the views of the 
medical society. 

A temporary organization was effected, and several preliminary 
meetings held. On June 30, 1915, the permanent organization was 
effected with the following ofificers : John B. N. Soulliere, president; F. 
X. Hebert, vice-president ; George E. Belisle, secretary ; Camille Me- 
tras, assistant secretary ; George P. Fontaine, treasurer ; Alexander 
Belisle, financial secretary, and a financial committee consisting of John 
F. Jandron. \V. Levi Bousquet, and Henry A. Rousseau. 

A number of French-speaking young ladies were organized into a 
society of volunteer nurses under the presidency of Aliss Anna M. Bel- 
isle, to perform the duties of nurses at the dispensary, and the services 
rendered by them were of very great value to the institution. 

A ladies' auxiliary was also organized, under the presidency of Mrs. 
Maria Lagasse, for the purpose of increasing the membership of the 
society, collecting annual dues, and investigating cases of poor families 
in need of medical or other assistance. 

The Franco-American Dispensary was opened in Septeinber, 191.5, 
in three spacious rooms of the house at No. 19 Portland street, with a very 
full equipment of all things necessary and useful for such an institu- 
tion, a large part of which was given by members of the society, by the 
ladies of the two auxiliaries, and by other persons in sympathy with the 
purpose of the institution. 

To the Franco-American Medical Society was left the choice of the 
superintendent of the dispensary, and it chose as president, Dr. S. Al- 
phone Daudelin. On October IS, 191.5, a special meeting of the Society 
was held, at which it was voted to have the society incorporated and a 
charter was granted by the State of Massachusetts on November 2'S, 
1915. 

The first annual meeting of the Society of the Franco-American Dis- 
pensary was held on May 9, 1916, and the reports of the various officers 
and the affiliated ladies' societies showed a most prosperous condition 
of the societv. The following officers were elected: John B. N. .Soul- 
liere, president ; Henry A. Rousseau, vice-president : George E. Belisle, 
clerk; Camille Metras, assistant clerk: John F. Jandron. treasurer: Alex- 
ander Belisle, financial secretary; and a financial committee consisting 
of W. Levi Bousquet, Joseph A. Rousseau, and Honore Girardin. The 
Franco-American Medical Society having elected its president. Dr. 
Charles A. Lussier, superintendent of the dispensary, he assumed that 
office, and is the present incumbent. 

All persons who contribute $1 or more a year to the dispensary 
become members of the society. 

The members of the Franco-American Medical Society give their 
services gratuitoush-, two of them being in daily attendance together for 
the period of one month. The dispensary is open every day except Sun- 
days and legal holidays from 9 A. M. to 12 noon. A fee of 10 cents is 
required of each patient upon registration, and prescriptions are com- 
pounded at the dispensary at the cost prices of the medicines. The 
superintendent is authorized to permit registration and to comjiound 
prescriptions without charge in cases where the patient is unable to 
pay for them. 

Mrs. Frederick LaBonte was the first house secretary, and when she 
resigned on account of ill health, Aliss Sarah H. Girardin was elected. 

The dispensary has proved of great usefulness to people unable to 



AND ITS PEOPLE 323 



secure competent medical advise and purcliase the necessary medicines, 
not only among French-speaking people but among people of all nation- 
alities in Worcester. 

Armenians. — Worcester has attracted a large Armenian population. 
Many of the early immigrants from Armenia have become substantial 
citizens and leading merchants. At tirst they worked in the mills and 
factories, but later many engaged in various kinds of business. In the 
second generation, almost every line of business and profession is rep- 
resented. 

Religious services were held for the Armenians, beginning in 
188S, by Rev. H. A. Andressian of Harpoot, where he preached 31 
years. They worshipped in the Summer street chapel. AI. .S. T. Na- 
higan had charge of the music. 

Their first church was established in 1890, the Church of Our Sa- 
viour. Its place of worship is at 63 Laurel street. Rev. Arsene E. 
Vehouni has been its rector since 1913. In 1916 Dirair Marcarian became 
acting rector. 

The Church of the Martyrs, Ormond street, was founded in 1892. 
Rev. Garabed AI. Manavian has been pastor since 1904. The superinten- 
dent of the .Sunday school at present is George M. Tomajian. 

Political Clubs. — They had in the past, the Armenian Citizens" Club, 
which in turn gave place to the Armenian Republican Club, and which 
in its turn gave place in 1912 to the Armenian Progressive Club. At 
present there is no Armenian Political Club. 

The Armenian Progressive Club was organized in 1912 with Kevork 
B. Thomajanian. president; Dr. Alathew X. Xahigan. vice-president, 
and George M. Thomjan, treasurer. It continued in existence for about 
two years. 

The Armenians are keenly interested in public aftairs and close 
students of government, forming man}- efficient campaign clubs for this 
purpose. 

Charitable Organizations. — Among their charitable organizations is 
the Armenian Ladies' Orphan Association, organized in 1908. Mrs. 
Zabel S. Rustigian is the president. 

Armenian National Defense Union. — The atrocities in Armenia after 
the Turks entered the European War, caused the Armenian people of the 
city to put forth even greater efforts than before for the relief of their 
persecuted fellow-countrymen. For this purpose the Armenian National 
Defense Union was organized throughout the countn,-. The Worcester 
branch was formed in 1915, president, Maghak G. Berberian ; secretary 
Kourken Kederian ; Treasurer, Donabed Rustigian. The societv meets 
twice monthly at 65 Laurel street. 

The Armenian Massacres during the World War carried on bv the 
Turkish government with a ferocity not before recorded in the histo'rv of 
mankind, created an immense demand for immediate help to thousands 
upon thousands of orphaned children and widowed mothers. 

The Armenian Benevolent Union was one of the various philan- 
thropic and national organizations that did its utmost to alleviate the 



324 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

misery of the helpless victims of the Turco-German culture. The great 
task of the future restoration of Armenia will probably be undertaken to a 
great extent by the Armenian Benevolent Union, the most popular, 
wide-spread organization among Armenians, having liranches in the 
United States, South American Republics, India, Russia. Turkey, Egypt 
and Europe. 

The Armenian Benevolent Union. — The \\'orcester Branch of the 
Armenian Benevolent Union was organized on April 4th, 1909, by initia- 
tive of Maghak G. Berberian, with the assistance of \'ahan Kurkjian, the 
field secretary of the Union in the United States during that time. 

The Armenian Benevolent Union was founded in J90(i. at Cairo, 
Egypt, under the direct leadership of the great Armenian Rt. Hon. 
Boghos Nubar Pasha, the life president of the Union, and the son of 
Nubar Pasha, a statesman of international fame. 

With its aims and ideals the Armenian Benevolent Union (among the 
Armenians) is characteristically like the Alliance Israelite (among the 
Hebrews). 

The aim of the Union consists in: (a) Assisting the moral and 
intellectual development of Armenians in Armenia, (b) Creating and 
cultivating the means necessary for the improvement of the financial and 
economical standing of Armenians in the Motherland. There are aliout 
70 branches uf the Union in the United States, among which the Wor- 
cester Branch takes the lead, with its membership totaling 500. 

The members of the executive committee of the Worcester Branch 
are : ]Maghak G. Berberian, president (holding this office for the past 
three years); K. B. Thomajanian, vice-pres. ; Setrag Der. Baghdas- 
sarian, secretary ; Mardiros Deranian, assistant secretary : Hagop Yeret- 
zian, treasurer; and Barabed B. Thomainian, Dr. M. N. Nahigan, mem- 
bers. 

Armenian Musical Association of Worcester. — The presence of the 
noted Armenian composer, K. Proff-Kalfaian, in Worcester in the year 
1914, affected a musical revival among the Armenian population, a gen- 
eral inclination towards the Armenian music, that resulted in the for- 
mation of a new choir under the auspices of the Armenian Church of 
our Saviour, Laurel street. The choir was to sing the Armenian High 
Mass of K. Profif-Kalfaian under the composer's direction and was to 
take charge of the monthly musical services given jointly by the church 
and its musical director. 

The choir was named after the church, Choir of the Church of Our 
Saviour. It continued the work assigned, and remained with the church 
imtil Proff-Kalfaian's departure from Worcester in January, 1916. On 
the departure of K. Profif-Kalfaian from Worcester, the choir con- 
sidered it impraticable to continue its work in the Church of Our Sa- 
viour, and with a view of broadening its activity under a wider scope, it 
was decided by the majority of members to reorganize the choir as a 
separate independent body. For this purpose an organizing committee 
was soon elected and given full power to draw the by-laws and the aim 
of the future association. The organizing committee consisted of Mr. 
Maghak Berberian, honorary president; Mrs. P. G. Thomajanian, chair- 
man; Harry K. Shaljian, secretary; Zaven N. Tenekejian, Harry Hov- 
enessian, Paul Paretchanian. 

On the 1st of March, 1916, the choir of the Church of Our Saviour 
was reorganized under the name of Armenian Musical Association of 
Worcester, adopting for its aim the popularization of the purely Ar- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 325 



menian music aniunj^ Armenians in WoiTc'stcr particularly, and among 
the Armenian Culony of New England generally ; the providing of funds 
necessary for the jmhlication of purely Armenian musical works, pos- 
sessing the comparatively highest degree of musical technicality. 

The Association's activity in the past has consisted mainlv in 
having monthly musical services, taking charge of the musical parts of 
various Armenian social enterprises, and giving concerts in Worcester, 
Boston, and Providence, respectively, with the participation of some 
Armenian well-known artists. 

The Choir of the Association lias had the honor of singing the Ar- 
menian High Mass in the Episcopalian Church of the Advent in Boston, 
before the American congregation of the church. 

The Association consists of a choir and an orchestra with a total 
membership of 30.^ The healthful, highly moral and friendly atmosphere 
of the Association's social life, the high spirit of willingness to serve for 
a noble aim, prevailing among its members, have had a great part in the 
slow but sure achievement of the Association's aim. 

Danes. — In 1!M)-I: Dr. Alix estimated the number of Danes in the 
city as lietween -J-'iO and 300. The number has increased since then. As 
early as lS9'.t their numlier was sufficient to support a church. At 
present there are 40 members. Their present place of worship is at 207 
Main street. Naturally the church is also a center of their social affairs 
of the Danish Lutherans. Rev. Niels C. Asburg has been pastor since 
1911.;. The church property is valued at $.')00. 

The Danes are highly educated as a rule, skilled in many trades 
and among those of this city are many of high standing in all walks of 
life. No people from abroad finds a warmer welcome here. There has 
been no larger emigration from Denmark to this section, nor is there 
likely to be. As a people they have been satisfied with the conditions of 
government and l.msiness in their own countrv. 

Among the social organizations is Niels Finsen Lodge, No. 193, 
Danish Brotherhood, of which Christian B. Anderson is i^resident; 
Matts Nielsen, secretary: Jens AL Frostholm. treasurer. The lodge 
meets in Dexter Hall. 

In 191.J there were in Worcester 10s males -M years of age or over, 
born in Denmark, of whom ."i'.' were naturalized. 



CHAPTER IX 
English — Greeks — Finns — Swede-Finns 

English. — The list of men born in England, living here in 18G0, 
shows that the immigration from that country from 1(550 to 18.j0 was 
scattering. After the English Revolution, emigration to this country 
practically ceased. From time to time and for various reasons for two 
hundred years, English families came, of course, but not in large num- 
bers. After the American Revolution, Englishmen were not welcome 
for several generations, though many English prisoners of war, and 
some who came to fight, remained to live, notwithstanding the feeling 
engendered by the war. But Worcester got few accessions, and the 
census reports show fewer than would have been expected. Since 1860, 
however, there has been a steady contribution to the population from 
England, but the English become Americans almost as soon as they 
have made their homes here, and lose their identity and national char- 
acteristics. 

In 18So there were 2,120 British-born residents here. In 1915 there 
were 1,409 males here, 21 years or over, born in England, of whom 824 
were naturalized. The following named Englishmen were in Worcester 
in 1860: 



Ward One. 

Harry Houghton, 22. 

James Meadcroft, 33, boot-treer; Mar- 
garet, 28. 

Caroline Waters. 48 ; George, 19 ; Xa- 
thaniel. 18; Julia A., 7. 

Nancy Lincoln, -5. 

Edward Webb, 46, Cong, clergy. ; Nancy 
A., 34; Mary E., 11; S. Ellen, g; 
Edward A., 8; Sarah J., 4. 

Benjamin Woodward, 37, carpenter 
($9,000) ; Mary A., 40. 

John Meadowcrott. 42, boot-treer; Bet- 
sey, 47 ; Mary A., 14. 



Thomas Russell. 35. machinist ; Mar- 
garet (Ireland). 

Levi Hilton, 32, boot-treer; Nancy, 32; 
Elizabeth J., 2. 

Jane Tucker. 45, nurse ($1,500) ; Anne 
H., 27; Helen, 21. 

William Wallden, 36, boot-treer ; Betsey, 
34; Fanny, 5. 

George Hillier, 40, carpenter; Elizabeth, 
38. 

John Firth. 34, merchant. 



Ward Two. 

Joseph Midgeley, 35, boot-treer; Agnes, 

32; Amelia J., i. 
John Curtis, painter. 30. 
Samuel Taylor, 38, machinst ; Adelirie J., 

35; Don Alfredo, 14; Geogianna, 8; 

Clara C. and Henry C, 4. 
Andrew Moffitt, 34. farmer ; Elmor, 25 ; 



Sarah. J.. 8; Lizzie .•\., 6 ; Wni. A., 3 ; 

Chas. A., 8 m. 
Henry Holland, 51, machinist; Hannah, 

37; Charles J., 17; Henry W., 15; 

Albert R., 8 ; Frank H., 6 ; Lewis W., 

5; Ella L., 3; William, i. 
William Bailey, 28, machinist; .\nn, 30; 



328 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Sarah A., 8; William, 3; James H., 

3 Ill- 
John Swift, 36, carpenter; Elizabeth, 28; 

Albert L., 9; George H., 4. 
Frederick Day, 26, wheelwright ; Maria 

C. ; Charles H., 3; Walter E., 9 m. 

Ward Three. 

Charles Cawood, 35. boot-treer ; Sarah, 

33- 

Fred Hancock, 42. potter ; Ann, 35 ; Fan- 
ny, 16 ; Lizette, 6. 

George W. Reeves, 31, roller; Harriet A., 
30; Caroline P., 9; Emma J., 7; 
George H., 5; Harriet E., i. 

James Foster, 46, puddler ; Ann, 52 ; An- 
na, 24; James A., i. 

Ward Four. 

Lamson, Austin, 59, farmer ; Sarah, 55. 

Joseph Edge, 30, engineer ; Eliza, 28 ; Jo- 
seph H., 4. 

Ann CoUinson, 65. 

Thomas Collinson, 36, file cutter; Eliza- 
beth, 36; Mary A., 11; Thos. H., 8; 
Ella J., 2; Eliza E.. 6 m. 

Anthony Marsden, 45, file forger. 

Thomas Welch, 25, file cutter. 

Benjamin Satchwell, 38, blacksmith; Mar- 
garet, 28; George H., 5; Lizzie J., 4; 
Benjamin D., i.. 

Samuel Turley, 28, puddler ; Mary, 27 ; 
William, 2 ; Sarah J., 2 m. 

Alfred Fitton, 25; Lizzie, 18. 

Henry Mitchell, 28, blacksmith ; Ellen, 
21. 

Ward Five. 

Thomas Brenna, a. supt. weaving ; Mary, 

37; Michael, 6; John, 3; William, i. 
Henry Beck, 35, loom fixer ; Elizabeth, 

33 ; Ann E., lo ; William H., 9 ; 

Mary J., 8 ; Hannah, 6 ; John, 3 ; 

Benjamin, I. 
Henrv Tailor, 30. weaver ; Sarah, 29 ; Ann 

E.. 3. 
John James, 40, roller (Wales) ; Lavinia, 

32, (Eng.); William, 12; James H., 

8; Christopher, 4; Ann M., 5 m. 
Henry Grimshaw, 40, loom fixer; Mary 

A., 35; Julia A., 13. 
John G. Coes, 45, truckman ; Mary, 36 ; 

Mary A., 11; Sarah E., 9; John G., 

7 ; Charles W., 6. 



Peter Taylor, 42, machinist ; Elizabeth, 
36; Sarah, 15; Joseph J., 5; Samuel, 
2 ; George H., 3 m. 

William Carson, 44 ; Lucinda, 26 ; George 
W.. 4 ; Susan, 2. 



David Scott, 21; Catherine, 19; Jos., 
8 m. 

Charles Thompson, 40, Wales ; Ann, 30 
(Ireland) ; William, 13. 

Joseph Stott, 35, junk dealer. 

Thomas Kelly, 42, blacksmith; Alice, 48; 
John, 13 ; John, 63. 

William Wilson, 25, boot-crimper ; Lou- 
isa, 19; William H.. 3 m. 



John Wild, 36, machinist; Anna, 39. 

Joseph Price, 28. puddler ; Mary, 27 ; Wil- 
liam J., 8; Joseph, 6; Walter, 5; Her- 
bert, 3 ; Henry O., 2. 

Joseph Morris, 30, puddler ; Grace, 33 ; 
Mary J., 6; Samuel, 3 m. 

lliotnas Keay, 42. roller ; Mary, 27 ; 
Mary A., 4 ; Jane, 2. 

Elizabeth Midgeley, 40; Robert, 15. r. r. 
flagman ; Anna, 10 ; Mary A., 7. 

William Wilcox, 40, machinist; Mary, 38; 
Sophia, 4; Lucy A., 2. 

John Greene, 40. machinist ; Jane, 40 ; A. 
Jane, 3. 

Henry P. Jones. 30, mason; Mary, 26; 
Mary E., 6 ; Emma, 10 m. 



Thotnas Bulloch. 30, boot-treer; Eliza- 
beth, 26; Benjamin, 12; Familiar, 
4 ; Stella, 2, 

John W. Scofield. 52, weaver; Sarah, 49; 
Hannah ^L, 25, weaver ; Sarah E. 
and William H., 18, weavers. 

John Shepherd, 45 ; molder ; Sarah, 28; 
Alzada, 8; Clara, 2. 

William Hilton, 34. weaver; Sarah, 33; 
Mary A.. 3 ; Matthew H., 10 m. 

John Wright, 60, machinist; Harriet, 54. 

James W. Palmer, 42, machinist ; Lydia 
W., 40 ; Emma J., 13. 

William Back. 39, machinist; Sarah, 41; 
Arthur J., 16; William J., 14; John 
R., 9. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



329 



John Dawson, 38, machinist; Jane, 42; 

Sarah A., 16; WilHr.m H., 14: Louisa 

A., 12. 
William Booth, 31, puddler ; Mary, 32. 
Mark Derby, 60, wool sorter. 
Robert Dyson, 47, cloth finisher ; Hannah, 

43; Joseph, 19. 
James Midgely, 50, boot-treer ; Ann, 47; 

Betsey, 20, weaver; Eli, 18, machin- 

Ward Six. 

William C. Cogon or Coyon, 50, ma- 
chinist; Faustina E.. 42; Angline. 
23; Harriet, 18; William H.. 6; 
George W., 4. 

Aberinego Stevens. 44, grainer ; Evelonia 
H., 18; Henry C, 14; Mary M., 11; 
Herbert M., 7. 

Frederick French, 36, harness maker; 
Jane. 30: Frederic. 5; Minnie, 6 m. 

Henry F. Hampson, 49, enameled cloth 
mfr. ; Mary A., 49; Hattie C, 24; 
Jennv E.. 20; Mary E., 14; Annie 
L., 9. 

John Buck, 34, edge tool grinder ; Mary 
A., 30 ; Charles, 36, do. 

Mary, 38; Elizabeth, 9; Isabella, 7; Jo- 
seph, 2; Mary, i; Martha, i ni. ; 
Joseph Buck. 66. 

John L, Day, 37. machinist ; Elizabeth, 
35; Theodore H., 8; John W., 3- 

Mathew Overend, 30, wire-drawer ; El- 
len, 30; Hannah M., 4; Ella J., i. 

Mark Gill, 44, machinist: Amelia. 41 ; Jo- 
seph K.. 18; Benjamin F., 17; Mary 
A., 14; James H.. 11; John. 9: Sam- 
uel F., 7; Seth C, 5: Ellen C, 3; 
Henry W. B., 5 m. 

John Dean, 37, daguerretype mat mfr. 
($3,000); Hannah. 35; Alice C. 12; 
Isabel T., 5 ; John M., 4 ; .\nna L., 2. 

John Maud, 43, cloth bailer ; Hannah. 
42; Elizabeth, 19; Mary A., 17; 

Ward Seven. 

Thomas Bradshow, 30. tailor; Eliza. 28; 
Charles, 4; Frank. 2. 

Thomas W. Houchin, 35, mfr.; Hannah 
E., 35; Margaret C, 11; Walter, 9; 
Hattie M., 6; Waldo P., 4; Lizzie 
S., 2. 

Francis Fox. 48; George H.. 24. clerk. 

Charles Herman, 42, gardener; Eliza- 
beth. 40; Mary, 10. 



ist; George F., 16; Alice A., 14; Ed- 
ward, II. 
Jesse Whittaker, 28, spinner; Catherine, 

27- 
William Preston, 43, wine dealer ; .Abiah, 

43; Ann, 14; James, 6; Patience, 4. 
Henry W. Hatton ; Lucy A., 38. 
Fred Porter, 28; spinner; Dolly, 26. 
George Lawson, 26, machinist ; Ellen, 22 ; 

Albert, 5 ; George, 2. 

Sarah J.. 15, all 3 weavers; Eliza, 12; 
Henrietta, 5; John H.. 2. 

John B. Shaw, 60, woolen mfr. ; Mary 
A.. -:,2. 

Richard Buck, 28, edge tool maker ; Eliz- 
abeth. 28; Mary A., 4; Ann M., 3. 

Elizabeth Edge, 29. 

George Pickering, 32, edge tool grinder; 
Ann, 30; Richard, 11; Arthur, 4; 
John W., I. 

Robert Overend, 70, wire-drawer; Mar- 
garet. 40; Joseph, 12; Richard, 8; 
Charles, 7; Eliza, 6; Thomas, 4; 
John. i7 ; Jane, 34 ; Sarah, 5 ; Hen- 
ry A., 2; Simon. 26, do., Elizabeth, 
26. 

Thomas Lee, 31, gunsmith; Eliza, 30; 
Thomas, 10; James. 19; Charles, 6; 
John. I. 

Henry Overend. 29, wire-drawer; Me- 
hitable. 40. 

John M. DoUen. 74, farmer; Mary, 55; 
Archibald. ^2. armorer; Ellen, 20; 
Moses, 21 ; Mary J., 28. 

William .-V. Williams. 45, farmer (Wales) ; 
Susan E., 35. 

William Parsons, 50, dyer ; Mary, 52. 

Samuel Shaw, 45 ; farmer ; Elizabeth, 
48; Thomas, 15; Elizabeth, 13; Wil- 
liam, II ; Sarah, 9. 

William Booth. 29, spinner; Mary, 28; 
Salina, 6 ; Charles, 2. 



William Little. 38, boot-maker ; Cather- 
ine, a: Elizabeth. 8; Catherine, 6; 
Ellen T.. 2. 

Alfred Butler, 30, wool sorter; Hannah, 

34- 
Martha Beaumont. 57; Abraham W'.. 36, 
boot-treer; John J., 20; Frederick, 
13; Richard H., 3 . 



330 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Joseph Taylor. 41. machinist: Martha, 

40; Samuel, 15. 
Charles Kirby, 35, armorer; Harriet, 31; 

Charles R., 7 ; Elizabeth F., 5 m. 
James Whitehuse, 32, armorer ; Louisa 

C., 27 ; Mary A., 3. 
John Hilton, 52, tanner ; Elizabeth, 42 ; 

Selina, 20 ; Elvira. 19 ; Isabel, 16 ; 

Hattie, 13. 
Edward Tucker, 27. machinist: Mary, 24. 
Elisha Freeman. 38, mfr. lightning rods; 

Harriet N., 27; George P., i. 
Edward C. Moore. 46. cutter ; Anna, 45 ; 

Julia C, IS- 

Ward Eight. 

Thomas Button, 29, machinist; Jane, 30; 

Sarah J. 
Margaret Mack, 53 ; Mary J., 25. 
Charles H. Atherton, 54, machinist ; 

Mary, 53 ; Sarah H., 24 ; Mary E., 17. 
Alex. Fisher, 35. carpenter; Jane. 16; 

Charles. 8; George, 6; Andrew, 3; 

Ida, I. 
William Maudsley, 30. boot-treer : Anna. 

26; Mary J.. 9; Estelle E., 9 m. 
James Broadbent, 40, boot-treer; Anna, 

43: Mary. 16; Benjamin, 14: Anna. 

11; Sarah J., 9; Josephine, 6. 
John Shaw, 40, crimper ; Elizabeth, 40 ; 

Mary, 1 1 ; Joseph. 9 ; William. 5 : 

Anna, 2. 
Eli Henchley, 2y. machinist: Ruth. 28; 

Sarah, 9; Mary A.. 6. 
John Firness. 51, fuller ($4,000) ; Ann. 

61. 
Joseph Crowfoot (Crawford), 37, nia- 

chinst; Amelia, 35; James W., 14; 

George E., 12; Mary A., 10; Sarah 

E., 9; Joseph C, 6; Alfred D., 3; 

Victor E., I. 
Henry Dennis, 43, machinist ; Maria, 40 ; 

Joseph, 17; William H., 14; Charles, 

II ; Mary A., 8. 
Richard Bullock, 36, shoemaker ; Alice, 

36; Sarah J.. 12; James W., 10; 

Elizabeth. 10 m. 



John Hazelbury. 28, cigar maker ; Ellen, 

22 ; Elizabeth, 2. 
William W. Bishop, 39, foundryman ; Ju- 
lia A., 34 ; Frank W., 14 ; Fanny 

M., 7- 
James S. Shepard, 82 ; Mary, 80. 
Richard Ruby, 36, cabinet maker; Jane, 

35: Richard J.. 12; William P., 9; 

James C, 5. 
Sarah Gardner, 35 ; John, 14. 
Sarah Hall, 43; Samson C, 45, knitter; 

William, 12 ; Edwin C, 10 ; Thomas, 

8; Samuel J., 4. 
William Heaton, 42, farmer ; Alice, 42 ; 

Joseph, 16. 

John Cooper. 40, boot crimper; Anna, 41 ; 

John S., 5 ; Anna M., 2. 
Thomas Stott, 36, boot-treer; Leah, 36; 

Sarah J., 15. 
David Hinckley, 26, machinist ; Janet, 23 ; 

Louisa A.. 2 ; Ella F., 6 m. 
Edward Fitton, 44, machinist; Mary, 41; 

William H.. 14. 
James Piper, 41, wire-drawer; Charlotte 

E., 26. 
Thomas Gill, 50, boot-treer ; Mary A., 

36; Anna. 13; Robert, 10; George, 

John Silcox. 27. machinist; Harriet. 28; 

Joseph J.. 5 : .\nn M.. i. 
Edwin Bradbury. 40. machinist ; Hannah, 

40; Eliza H., 5, 
Edward Whewhell, 45, machinist; Mary, 

43- 

John Taylor. 40. machinist ; Betty, 46. 

Edwin Bynner. 43, Boat Co. ; Edwin L., 
18; Walter R.. 15; George H., 13; 
Thomas E., 6 ; Amelia, 40. 

Daniel Pennington, 40, gardener ; Mar- 
garet, 30 ; Margaret, 13 ; Elizabeth, 
12 ; William, 5. 

Henry Mathews, a, plumber ; Sarah E., 

45- 
William Holmes. 32. tanner ; Mary A., 
26; Mary J., 6; Martha E., 11 m. 



The English Social Ckib (English Naturalization Club), was 
organized October 1, 1895, in Fenner's Hall, Southgate street, a build- 
ing constructed from lumber taken from the Old South Church on the 
Common. The first officers, elected October 29, were : Albert Tuson, 
president: William Jordan, vice-president; Samuel T. Jenkins, treas- 
urer: John Law. fin. secretary: Joseph Dobbins, clerk. In December, 



AND ITS PEOPLE 331 

1895, Fenner's Hall was burned and temporary quarters were occupied 
at 47 Southgate street until Feliruary 11, 1890, when Tuson's Hall, 642 
Southbridge street, was occuined. 

The name was changed, February 25, 1896, to English Social Club. 
The club was incorporated July 23, 1896, the charter members being: 
William Sutcliffe, Walter Carsen, John Law. Noah Perks, Thomas 
Coley, J. Leach, David Smith, Samuel T. Jenkins, Fred Ainsworth, Wil- 
liam Jordan, E. G. Parry and Thomas Cooper. The Tuson building 
was sold in June, 1904, and temporary quarters taken for six months at 
420 Cambridge street. From June L 1905, to October 31, 1912, the 
rooms were at 340 Cambridge street ; ivom then until December 1913 
at 339 Cambridge. The present quarters at 29 Camp street were opened 
with a bazaar December 1, 1!I13. The present officers (191T) are: Al- 
bert J. Jones, president; Joseph Yarrington Jr.. vice-president; John 
Gay, treasurer; C. H. Austin, fin, secretary; Alfred Hyde, treasurer. 

Worcester Lodge, No. 165, Sons of St. George, was organized here 
in 1890, and existed for about ten years. 

Princess Alice Lodge, No. 1, Daughters of .St. George, is an organi- 
zation similar in purposes to the .Sons of St. George, and composed of 
women of British origin. It was founded in 1882. The meetings were 
held also in St. George's Hall. .\t present the society meets at 554 
Main street. The offices in 1917 were: President, Mrs. Mary Cooper; 
Vice-President, Mrs. Harriet Mills; Fin. Sec, Mrs. Hester Harper; 
Rec. Sec, Lydia Moss; Treas., Mrs. Elizabeth Critchley. 

British-American Societies. — During a time of political excitement, 
the British-American Society was formed, having branches in almost 
every town in the State. The Worcester branch, the first to be formed, 
was organized October 5, 1883. Joseph Turner, its first president, was 
the originator of these political organizations, which were' active and 
powerful for a number of years. The society dissolved about 1890. The 
officers in that year were: Pres., Charles Booth; \'ice-Prests., James 
W. Weir, Robert Stewart, Thomas .Stansfield, Joseph Turner, William 
Priests; Sec, George Y. Lancaster; Treas., Charles C. Cook. The meet- 
ings were in St. George's Hall. 

York Commandery, No. 4, L'niform Sir Knights C)rder, Sons of St. 
George, was organized 1888, and instituted in 1892. The objects are: 
To promote the interests and welfare of the Order of Sons of .St. George 
through the attractive medium of public parades and military displays; 
to revive and adopt the ancient spirit of chivalry to the conditions of 
modern civilization ; to develop physical grace and soldierly bearing by 
means of martial exercises; to educate its members socially, morally and 
intellectually; to establish a fund for the relief of sick and distressed 
members ; and to give moral and material aid to its members and those 
dependent upon them. 

Officers 1917-1918; Major General Commanding, Caleb T. Inett; 
Adjutant, George A. Pritchard ; Paymaster, George N. Baker; Past 
Major. Jesse B. Woolfenden ; Colonel, Thomas Holt; Lieut. -Colonel, 
John Baty ; Major, Albert Harrop ; Chief of Staflf, John T. Giles ; Inspec- 
tor General, Thomas Crabtree ; Quartermaster General, Frederick Hig- 
ginbotham ; Surgeon-General, E. E. Linegar; Judge Advocate General, 
Charles J. Thomas; Chaplaiq-in-Chief, William J. Annear ; Engineer-in- 
Chief, W'illiam H. D. Felton ; Musician, Charles Mapp ; Captain, Ralph 
Poutney ; First Lieutenant, Albert E. Sheard ; Clerk, Job Barker; Ac- 
countant, Walter W. Curtis. A membership of 40. 



332 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Prince Consort Lodge, No. 29, Order Sons of St. George. — This 
order is composed of Englishmen, their sons and grandsons, either on 
the maternal or paternal side. It was founded in the state of Penn- 
sylvania in 18T0. The first charter was granted to St. George's Lodge, 
No. 1, by the Court of Common Pleas of Luzerne County, Pennsyl- 
vania. The objects of the society are to associate together for benevo- 
lent and fraternal purposes. It has since spread into most States of 
the Union, with a membership of 40,000 in 550 well organized lodges. 
From the original $3,000 its income has grown to $546.14T.14. 

Prince Consort Lodge, No. 29, of Worcester, was instituted Novem- 
ber 14, 1877, with 15 charter members: John Wolfenden, William Stans- 
field, Thomas Baker, Richard Holt, John Healy, William Mitchell. John 
W. Davis, Smithson Entwistle, G. J. Kenworthy, Mark Froome. Joseph 
Exley, Joseph Brooks, Young Wilde, Thomas HoUoway, Richard Baker. 

The leading spirit and first president was John Woolfenden. The 
Lodge was organized by John Hingam, of Holyoke, in a hall on Me- 
chanic street, where the regular semi-monthly meetings were held for 
about two years, when a hall at 460 Main street was leased for a num- 
ber of years and called St. George's Hall. The Lodge was finally com- 
pelled to vacate the building, when J. C. Maclnnes took the hall to 
increase his dry goods business. It then moved to the old Day build- 
ing, where it was burnt out in a disastrous fire, and lost its early rec- 
ords. It then moved to Malta Hall, 017 Main street, remaining there 
until the year 1900, when it moved to its present quarters. Dexter Hall, 
554 Alain street. 

Previous to this date the order of Englishmen in this city was 
known as the St. George's Society, and was an independent organization, 
not being affiliated with any other lodge whatsoever. The receipts for 
4JX years were $17,176.07, expenses $15,729.42. 

Prince Consort Lodge is the banner lodge of the district, with a 
membership of 321. The present officers are: Wor. President, Walter 
J. Ingham; Wor. \'ice-President, Thos. Shed; Wor. Sec, William 
Beams; Wor. Treas., Harold H. Baynton. 

The Finns. — The Finnish people are among the more recent acquisi- 
tions from Europe. As early as 1894, however, there was a number suf- 
ficient to warrant the forming of a Finnish Evangelical Lutheran church, 
and ten years later there were ajiproximately two thousand Finns resid- 
ing in this city. 

Their reasons for coming were two-fold ; first to take advantage of 
the better conditions offered to labor, both domestic and mechanical ; 
and second, to escape the oppressive rule of Russia. Year by year they 
have come in increasing numbers. The young women, who formed a 
large part of this immigration, went into domestic service, where their 
education and home training, aptitude as cooks and housekeepers, made 
them highly prized by their employers. Occasionally one of these girls 
returns to Finland to resume her place in the old home, but most of 
them who come here, expecting to remain temporarily, have become 
permanent residents, marrying here, and making their homes here with 
no further thought of returning, except for an occasional visit, to the 
homeland. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 333 

As a rule, the Finnish men liave entered the metal-working trades, 
but many skilled craftsmen of this race are employed in other indus- 
tries of the city. Dr. ^lix wrote in 1904: "They are as a rule quiet, 
orderly, industrious, highly valued for their intelligence and skill by 
employers." 

I'erhaps no other foreign race has sent such a well educated body of 
men and women to this city. Public education in Finland is universal 
and thorough. Even in isolated country districts, where the public 
schools are not easily accessible, the children are taught by a corjjs of 
traveling teachers who go from house to house. All can read and 
write and many of the poorest who come liither are as well educated as 
graduates of American high schools. 

In political ideas, Finland has marclied with the front of the proces- 
sion in recent years, limited, it is true, by Russian supervision, and in 
this country those who become naturalized have been coimted as pro- 
gressive politically, regardless of the party with which they have voted. 
There was a time wdien the Finns took little interest in politics in their 
native country, but that cannot be said of the present generation. 

The Swedish Finns of the city, people of Swedish ancestry, speaking 
the Swedish language and sometimes also Finnish, are of a different race, 
but the same characteristics that have made the Finnish peojjle so wel- 
come are true also of the Swedish Finns. The American employer 
or neighbor makes no distinction between them, unless he chooses to 
class the Swedish Finns among the Swedes, whom he likes and trusts 
equally well. 

The ancestors of some of these Swedish Finns have lived in Fin- 
land for centuries, but through all the generations have persisted in retain- 
ing the Swedish language and, as far as possible, the customs and char 
acteristics of the Swedish people. In this city it is estimated that they 
are as numerous as the simon-pure Finns. 

The Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Church at -JT Laurel street, of 
which Rev. Appo Salminen is pastor, was founded in 1894 ; has 216 
members, and 160 in the SundaA" school ; the property is valued at 
$20,000. 

The Finnish Congregational Church, 10 Linwood street, was organ- 
ized in 1915 ; the pastor is Rev. Alexander Kukko. 

The Swedish-Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Cliurch, Belmont street, 
corner of Carbon, was founded in 1900, has 338 members, 110 in S. S. 
The acting pastors in 191T were Rev. C. William Carlson, and Axel A. 
Hohn, theological students, and the former is also superintendent of the 
Sunday School. The church property is valued at $17,000. 

Rev. Johannes Nystrom was installed, Jan. 6, 1918. Rev. S. G. 
Hagglund of Providence preached. The last pastor w'as Rev. John Gul- 
lans. This church has a very active Ladies' Aid Society. 

The Sw^edish-Finnish Congregational Church. — With the assistance 
of the City Missionary Society, the Swedish-Finnish Congregational 
Church was organized in 1916. For twenty-five years they had been 



334 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

holding services here in homes and halls, and for the past five years 
in Union Church chapel. A Congregational council, Dec. IT, 1916, 
authorized the formation of the new church. A church on Stanton 
street, corner of Catherine, was purchased for $3,000. There are 43 
charter members of the new church. Rev. Nils O. Lind is pastor. 
Charles \V. Wick and Charles Johnson are superintendents of the Sun- 
day school. 

The First Swedish-Finnish Baptist Church, founded in 1900, wor- 
ships at Belmont street, corner of Edwards ; was formerly the First 
Finnish Church. Rev. Matts Esselbrom was pastor until 1910; Rev. 
John A. Kallman, 1911-13; Rev. Andrew Rausk since 191.3. 

Sovittaja Lodge, No. .'50, Finnish National Temperance Society, of 
America, meets every Sunday at (STJ/ Laurel street. Jacob Katajamki 
is treasurer. 

Finnish Newspapers. — Nya Osterns Weckoblad, has been published 
since 1896 by the New Eastern Weekly Pub. Co. The offices have been 
at 274 Main street, except for a time after the Day Building fire, 1902-3, 
when they were at 34 Front street, and in 190T when they were for a 
short time at 227 Alain street. The paper has been printed by the Svea 
Pub. Co., though the New Eastern Co. has its own type and linotype 
machines. A. Olofson was editor from the beginning to 1899 or later. 

Finska Amerikaren, a weekly, was published in 1897-8 at 2 Allen 
Court. 

The Finnish American Worker, a weekly, was published by the 
Worcester Printing Company, at 26 Southbridge street, 1903-4. 

Germans. — Though the list of GeruKin families in Worcester in 1860 
is not long, it is longer than one would have supposed. It tells the story 
from the beginning, as there was practically no German population here 
before these families. In 187.5 there were 403 Germans in the city. The 
present German population is of course much larger, but Worcester has 
never attracted Germans in large numbers ; the families have come 
from time to time, singly or in small groups. As in most places, they 
have clung to their language and religion, their customs and occupations 
more than some other races, but have not formed a distinct unit as to 
place of residence, speech, education or politics. Most of the men were 
skilful artisans, and many were brought here on account of special needs 
in the manufacturing. Practically none of the old German stock were 
laborers or servants and all of these families of the old German settlers, 
as far as we learn, have prospered. They were uniformly thrifty, indus- 
trious and capable. In 191.") there were in Worcester 289 males, 21 years 
or over, born in Germany, of whom 183 were naturalized. 

First German Evangelical Lutheran Church. — From time to time 
eflforts were made to establish a German church. Finally a movement, 
led bv Charles H. Stephan in 188G, resulted in a meeting November 30, 
in the Swedish Lutheran Church, Mulberry street. Mission services con- 
tinued until April 10, 1888, when a church was organized. The original 
members were ten in number. Charles H. Stephan and Walter Lester 
were elected deacons. The first preacher Was Rev. F. C. Wurl, of 
Boston, missionary in the service of the German Home Mission of Brook- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



335 



lyn, New Vurk. At lirst. services were held in the Summer street chapel, 
the average congregation being forty-five: tlie Sunday school attendance 
thirty. The place of worship in later years has been been at 100 Chand- 
ler street. 'Hie [iroperty is valued at '$6,000. The church has 85 mem- 
bers, and a; enrolled in the Sunday school. The pastors have been: 
Rev. F. c;. G. Shumni, 1889-1894: (a'cting) Rev. t'arl F. Ohlinger, 1896- 
7; Rev. A. Christian Grossberger, 1896-:: Rev. H. Steger, 1897-98; 
Rev. George Kaestner. 1898-01: Rev. Ludwig W. Graepp, 1901-08; Rev. 
Gerhard Rademacher, 1908-11; Rev. M. Arthur Baum. 1914-16; Rev. 
Lewis II. Martin, 1916. 

Einigkeit Lodge, No. 44, D. T). 11.. organized in IS.'j:). meets in 
Frohsinn Hall. CJfficers : O. B., Reinhold (iilbert ; U. B., Karl Deit- 
mer: Sec. I'red .\. 4"ietse ; Treas., Richard E. Taubert. 

Gesang X'erein Frohsinn, was organized in 1858; meets at Froh- 
sinn Hall, 69 Mechanic street: is a well known social organization. 
Officers: Pres.. Henry \'otteler ; Sec, .Adolph Goldschmidt: Treas, 
William H. McCormick. 

Socialer Turn \'erein, organized in 1859. ranks among the oldest 
social clubs of the city. It has a clul) house at Lake Ouinsigamond, The 
present officers are: I'res.. C)scar Hayda: vice-pres., Charles R. Kes- 
selli; Sec, Jacob Drodt. 

The fnlliiwing GtTinans were registered in Worcester in 1860: 



Ward One. 

l;, Lewis, _'(i, instruiiKnt maker; F. 2j. 

Baden. 
Peter Bemis, 35, tailor, Baden : Anna. 23. 
Moria Shenius, 32, blacksmith, Baden ; 

Ernestine. 30; Minna, 9. 
Daniel Henty, 25, machinist, Baden ; 

Christen, 20. 
Henreitte I'.acher, 35, 
Eugene Legare, 33; Matilda, 2(1; Robert. 

5; Edw., 3 (Berlin). 



John Bias. 17. cabinet maker. 
Frederic Weigand, 38, machinist. Ham- 
burg ; Tryphina, 25. 
C. A. Patti, 38, musician, Baden. 
M. J. Gross, 22, clerk. 
A. Heelerstrop, 22, printer. 
H. P. Muller, 22, printer. 
H. D. Houceller. 28, printer. 
William Carle, 29. 



Ward Tw^o. 

Henry Rady, 38, wire drawer, Baden ; 
Catherine, 33; Ellen R., 8. 



Berthole Remershuck, 30. wire drawer, 
Baden. 



Ward Three. 

Frederick Kahl, 40, hatter; Josephine. 20, 

Wurtemburg. 
David Schwartz, 37, shoemaker; Cris- 

tina. 26: Louis, 3; Charles i. 
Conrad Meller, 34, saloon; Caroline, 22; 

lohn .X., 10 m. 
Johti Heider, 24, cooper; Catherine, 22, 

Bavaria. 



John Needle. 34. saloon. Wurtemburg; 

Louisa. 29, Baden. 
Elizabeth Miller, 26; Mary, 6; Charles, 

4 ; Henry, i ; Thomas, i m. 
L. Strauss, 22, merchant, Baden. 
D. Beuckheimer, 30, jeweler. 



Ward Four. 

Julius Aaron, 27. traveling agent, Prussia ; 
Jette, 22 ; Caroline, 9 m. 

John Pfeiffer, 26. wire-drawer, Hesse 
Cassel ; Catherine, 22, Wurt. 

Ferd. Baker, 26, saloon, Baden ; Cath. 
28 ; Catherine, 4 ; Elizabeth, 64. 

Martin Zinerich, 54, machinist, Hamburg. 

Henry Stoer, 26. weaver. Saxony ; Chris- 
tina, 30; Henry, 2; Clara, 8. 



Francis Kerber, 35, saloon, Baden ; Cath- 
erine. 31 ; Louisa and Sarah, 8; John, 
6 ; Rosa, 4 ; Amelia, 2. 

Jacob Eidt, 33. upholsterer, Prussia ; Eliz- 
abeth, 30, Baden; Elizabeth. 7; Mar- 
garet, S : Mary A., 3. 

Charles Seigan, 35, shoemaker, Wurt ; 
Charlotte, 35; Pauline, 9; Paul, 3. 

Augustus Rumphol, 33, cloth sponger, 



336 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Saxony; Elizabeth, 26; Mary, 13; 
Barbara, 12 ; Lucy, 5 ; Augusta and 
Charles, 3; John, 2; Julius, 10 ni. 

Charles Haas, 56, Baden ; Mary, 50 ; Wil- 
liam, 22; Ferd, machinist. 19; John, 
18; Daniel, 15; Caroline, 11. 

Henry Boehler, 36, carriage painter; 
Minna, 35; Augustus. 10. 

Charles Miller, 65, wire drawer, Prussia. 

Bernard Boenich, 24, teacher of German, 
Prussia. 

Augustus Lesening. 40. 

Herman Colemend, 35 ; Catherine. 35, 
Saxony. 

John Riedle, 55, boarding house, Bohemia ; 
Mary A., 48 ; John, 2, musician ; 
Joseph, ig, musician; M?.thew, i"; 
Charles, 14 ; Magdalen, 12 ; Catherine, 
10; Francis, 6. 



Joseph Stevens, 23, tailor, Switzerland. 

August Mara, 24, wire drawer, Wurt; 
Mary, 20. 

Mitchell Fried Scholder, 25, shoemaker, 
Baden. 

Carl Maybaum, 28, hatter, Hanover. 

Fried Dahlman, 26, shoemaker, Hanover. 

A. Fischer, 19, instrument maker, Bo- 
hemia. 

J. Lauer. 20, armorer, Bohemia. 

George Weimar, 32, carpenter, Bohemia. 

S. Klein, 25, cigar maker. Saxony. 

M. Gellert, 23, cigar maker, Baden. 

Joseph Roer, 30, barber, Prussia. 

H. Bachman, 23, wire drawer, Bavaria. 

R. Mende, 25, instrument maker, Prussia. 

Pater Kameur, 22, polisher, Baden. 

J. Baker, 28, machinist, Prussia. 



Ward Five. 

Francis Daupher. 2^. roller, Baden ; Au- 
gustina, 22 ; Francis, 4 m. 

Fred Hecker, 61, weaver, Baden; Jo- 
hanna. 50; Rudolph, 22, machinist; 
Maurice, 17. hatter; Adeline, 16, 
weaver. 

Herman, Bornich, 22, weaver, Saxony. 

Henry Sheer, 32. watchman, Hesse'; Mar- 
garet, 33 ; Mary, 5 ; David, 3 ; Julius, i. 

Jacob Hantz, 55, Bavaria; Margaret, 48; 
Eliza. 18, weaver; Jacob, 15, carder; 
Charles. S- 

Andrew Breame. 32, baker, Bavaria; 
Christina, 22: Margaret, 9 m. ; Tilar- 
garet, 57 ; Alfred. 21. 

Alexander Fekotty, 38, wire drawer, Hun- 
gary ; Mary F. L.. 34. Saxony. 

Fred Otto, 32, warper. Saxony ; Fanny, 
23; Emma, i. 

Andrew Dippold, 34. gigger, Bavaria; 
Dora, 22; Albert, 3; John, 2; Andrew, 
1 m. 

Charles Fox, 29. cloth measurer, Baden ; 
Sarah, 20; Charles, i. 

C. Dippold. 60. Bavaria. 

Jacob Leibert, 51, cigar maker, Prussia; 
Philip, 20, wire-drawer: Margaret, 
17, weaver ; Jacob, 10 ; Elizabeth, 7. 

Jacob Hart, 40, confectioner, Wurt. ; Mar- 
garet, 35; Robert J., S; Francis, 3; 
Ellen, I. 

William Graach, 38, weaver, Bavaria; 
Ann, 35 ; Mary, 4 ; Sarah, 3 ; Robert, i. 

John Smith. 21, Bavaria; Ann, 19, Eng. 

Herman Beaulo, 38, wire drawer, Switzer- 
land : Dorothea. Mechlenburg; Wil- 
helmina, 14; Henrietta. 7; Catherina, 
8 m. ; William, 36 ; Dorothea. 32 ; 
Helena, 10; Annetta, 7; Henry, 4; 
Mary, 2. 

William Hefersink, 42, weaver, West- 
phalia; Dorathea, 37; Johanna, 10; 
William, 6 m. 

Jacob Hanflf, 32, boarding house, Prussia ; 
Catherine, 30; William H., 7; Cath- 
erine, 1. 



August Clingale, 25, gigger, Prussia; Au- 
gust Schwartz, 25, spinner, Prussia. 

Herman Keifsling, 26, shearer. Saxony. 

John Schilling, 24, wire drawer. Prussia. 

John Shoemaker, 27, puddler, Prussia. 

Ernest Cook, 30, carriage maker, Frank- 
fort; Susan, 30; Rudolph M., 2; Es- 
tella- L., 2 m. 

John M. Branick, 40. Bavaria ; Susanna, 
36; Louis L., 6; Otto F., 4. 

Francis Mier (Myer), 58, gigger, Wurt.; 
Mary, 43, Caroline, 18, weaver; So- 
phia A., 16 ; Henry, 3. 

Matthias Leibe, 33, cigar maker, Wurt.; 
Antoinette, 29; Enna, 5; Pauline, 3. 

Antoin .Sliubert. 37, Saxony, wire drawer; 
Julia, 30; Amanda, i. 

William Hawes, 33, carpenter, Baden; 
Angeline, 30 ; Jane AL ; Ella A. ; Fred, 
31, carpenter. 

John K. Stahl, 46 ; engineer, Baden ; Car- 
oline, 42; Joseph M., 14; Mary C, 11. 

Rudolph Tayer, 27, armorer, Baden; 
Adolph. armorer, 25. 

Charles Bullinger, 58, gigger, Saxony; 
Alina, 53; Augusta, 35, burler; Paul- 
ina, weaver, 22; Anna, 14; Mary, 11. 

Christopher Blankenhom, 51, Bavaria; 
Catherine, 60, burler ; Fred, 18, barb- 
er. 

George Leonard, 40, Bavaria; Rebecca, 
35 ($4,000). 

Bernard Hubertheir, 29, carpenter ($2,- 
000), Switzerland; Mary, 28, Bavaria; 
George, 4 ; Joseph, 2. 

Charles Cromveed, 35, tailor, Baden ; An- 
na, 30; Fannay, 4; Charles, 2. 

Fred Hingle. 30, blacksmith. Hesse; 
Amelia. 27 ; William, 3 ; Belinda, 9 m. 

William Fischer, 27, instrument maker, 
Austria ; Mary, Baden. 

Jacob Tolman, 21, blacksmith, Bavaria; 
Rosa, 28^ Wurt. 

Christian Weitner. 45. armorer, Wurt ; 
Christina. 45; Mary, 19; Paulina, 16; 
Louisa, 12; Robert, 10; Emily, 5. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



337 



John Klein. 29. barber. Saxony ; Char- 
lotte. 20; Matilda L., 2; Amelia. 8 m. 

Marv Klein. 53. Saxony. 

Charles Hooker. 36. armorer. W urt. ; 
Nancy. 37; Bertha. 8; Fried, i. 

Peter Fix, 51, armorer, Wurt. ; Wilhel- 
mina, 43. 

Ward Six. 

William Hath. 3S, tailor. Bavaria: Eliza 
A.. 39; Wilhelmina. 6; Amelia. 4: 
Grace. 5 ni. 

Louis Ealea. 37. armorer. Saxony : The- 
rese. 29; Lena. 5; Charles. 4; Louis. 
3 ; Margaret. 9 m. 

George C. Block. 29. wire-drawer. Ba- 
varia: Margaret. 28; Catherine. 2: 
Tacob C, I. 

Charles Wendlick. 23, musical instrument 
maker. Sax.: Margaret. 23; Charles, i, 

Henry Saunders. 23. mus. inst. maker. 
Sax.: Lena. 23: George, i. 



Fidele Operem. 33. blacksmith. \\ urt. ; 

Elizabeth. 33; Leonard. 3. 
Christopher Page, 32. Saxony; Carolme, 

38: William. 14; Louisa. 8; George, 

26 : Caroline. 23. 



Henry Schneider. 30. machinist. Bav. ; 
Margaret. 22: Henry. 2. 

Michael Gernhardt, 60, tailor. Bav. ; Eliza, 
17. tailor. 

Ferdinaiul Jacobi, 31. confectioner, Ba- 
varia: .-Xiina. 21. 

George Lichtenfels, 38. confectioner. Ba- 
den: Mary. 34: Josephine, i. 

Tohn Feore. 34. tailor. Baden : Josephine, 
30: Charles, 6: Elizabeth. 3. 

John Shaff. 43. weaver. Sax.: Sarah, 43; 
Sarah E., 19, weaver: Ellen, 15. 



Ward Seven. 

Isaac Gross, 27. merchant. Baden: Ci- 
pora. 22: Helen. 8 m. : Hannah. 17. 

Charles Lang, 27, engraver. Bav. : Caro- 
line. 22: Oscar J.. 4: Eugene 2: 
Berta. i. 

Jacob P. Weixler. 61, Breman : Thurzy. 
62. 

Julius Gunther. 34. clerk. Sax. ; Joanna. 
27: Maria. 5: Otto. 3. 



Louis Grisheim (?). 30. optician. Baden; 
Hortense. 20. 

Joseph Rosenbusch. 28. optician. Baden; 
Lena. 21. 

Henrv Eidt. 3(1. shoemaker. Baden; Fran- 
ces. 34: Elizabeth. 6; Frances, 2; Car- 
oline. 6 m. 

Charles \'ietze. 39. armorer. Prussia ; Ma- 
tilda. 31. 



Ward Eight. 

Louis Lt-everson. 38. merchant. Baden ; 

Almena, 35: Sarah, 11: Ephraim. 9; 

Lucy. 7: Walter. 4; Louis. 2; Minnie. 

6 m. 
J. Hollander. 40. merchant. Hungary. 
Henrv Hartnian. 34. wire drawer. Bav. ; 

Ida. 29: Philip. 5: Helen. 2: Ida. 7 m. 
Joseph Gernhart. 20. machinist. Baden ; 

Bridget. 21 (Ireland). 
Henry Issentri'Ut. 45. wire drawer, Bav.: 

Carolina. 43 : Charles, 3 : Lenot, 3. 
C'toph Foil. 34, butcher. Wurt. ; Pauline. 

34; Julius. 10; Mary. 8: Augustus. 7: 

Betsev. i. 



Joanna Kairn. 71. Wurt. 

Augusta Powlowsky. 49. Sax. : Hammon, 

30. wire drawer: Ernest. 19: Louis, 

17, wire drawer. 
Joseph Martin, 44. Baden. 
J.ihn Christian. 43. wire drawer: !^Iary, 

40. 
Charles Bauer. 40. Wurt.: Mina. 43; 

Paul. 19: Augustus. 7. 
Charles Oitnpaum. 36. wire drawer: Li- 

zette. 33 : Barbara. 11 : Katy, 8: Jane, 

4; Frank. 30. wire drawer. 



Greeks. — Worcester lias received a considerable Greek colony in 
the past twenty years. I\Iany of the Greeks are in trade, dealers in con- 
fectionery and fruit; repairers of shoes; dealers in rugs and oriental 
goods, having stores in all parts of the city. 

The Greek Orthodox Church. St. Taxiarchis, founded in the spring 
of 191?. was free of debt in ten months. Services have been held in the 
Wolf son building, at IG Trumbull street. A school was organized in the 
same building, and the membership has been about thirty. 

The Greek Orthodox congregation has plans for an edifice to cost 
about $.'35,000. It will be known as St. Spyridon, located at -46 Orange 
street, on the site of the Charron House. It will be the largest Greek 
W.— 1-22. 



338 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

orthodox church in the country. Rev. VasiHos Papanika is the rector. 
The plans for the building were drawn by Hachadoor S. Demoorjian. 
The congregation has been worshiping at 59 Grafton street, in charge 
of the present pastor, for three years. The congregation has numbered 
about 600. The building committee consists of the following: Nicholas 
Peterson, president; Louis Liolios, vice-president; William Milionis, 
secretary; George Lozorou, treasurer; Konstantine Perdikis, Chru 
Christ Economore, Peter Liolios, George Rikos, George Melamis, Spiros 
Georgeou, Gregoris Couros, George Peepou. 

The Nation Progress, a Greek newspaper, established in May, 1917, 
by Adonis J. Pantazopoulos, had met with favor. In December, 1917, its 
owner was assassinated. 

In 1915 there were in this city 61 males 21 years of age or over, of 
whom three were naturalized, of Greek origin. 



CHAPTER X 
Poles — Italians — Jews — Lithuanians — Norwegians — Scotch 

The Italians. — Worcester has several thousand Italians in its pop- 
ulati(jn. By far the larger part came when yoting men in the past twen- 
ty-five or tliirty years to work under contractors in the construction of 
railroads, buildings and various public works. ,\mong them, how- 
ever, are many skilled craftsmen, ncjt only in the building trades, but 
all others. Poverty drove them from their native land. As soon as 
their savings warranted it, their families followed them to this country. 
Hundreds have bought land and own homes in the city. 

Many Italian merchants in various sections of the city where Italian 
is spoken, have prospered. In all parts of the city the Italian has for 
years led in the retailing of fruit. Few have engaged in manufacturing, 
though many industries have a considerable percentage of Italians on 
their payrolls. It is not true that all the Italians who have located 
here are of the laboring class. Besides the merchants, the artisans, 
mechanics, there are some professional men, bankers, doctors and teach- 
ers, who are well known and highly respected. 

As a rule the Italian is Roman Catholic in religion, and their church 
home in this city is the Church of Our Lady of St. Carmel, 60 Mulberry 
street, founded in i;)OG. Rev. Father Joachim Maffei has been the rector 
since 1913. The first rector, Rev. Fr. Gloacchino Mafifei, served from 
1906 to 1913. Plans have been made recently for a new and larger 
church on a new site more convenient for the majority of the i)arishion- 
ers. The present church will be used for a parish school, and the pres- 
ent rectory for a home for the sisters who teach in the school. 

Tlie Italian Mission of the Lincoln Sq. Baptist Church, organized 
in 1911, holds services at 2ol Shre\vsbury street. Rev. Antonio San- 
nella has been pastor since 1914. 

Among other social organizations of the Italians are two lodges of 
the Order of Sons of Italy : Colombo Mazzini Lodge, No. 168, of which 
Antonio Poi is the Venerable, and Giovane Italia Lodge, No. 193, of 
which Giuseppe D'Anzilio is Veneraljle ; both societies meet at 319 
Shrewsbury street. 

The annual display of fireworks by the Italians of the east side, 
usually held at East Park, attracts the population of the entire city. 
Sometimes these festal daj-s with fireworks are celeljrated several times 
during the summer and many of these displays cost from $300 to $.500. 

In ordinary times the Italian laborer returns occasionally to Italy, 
but after living here a few years the tendency of the great majority is to 
locate here permanently. Always he is sending money home to relatives. 



340 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

That means economy, frugality, and many sacrifice most of the com- 
forts of life to save money for one purpose or another. 

In 1915 there were in Worcester 1,592 males 21 years of age or 
over, born in Italy, and of these 182 were naturalized. 

The Jews. — Before the Civil War there were few Jews in the city. 
The first synagogue was opened here in 1877. Since then the Jewish 
people have increased from year to year, and now form an important part 
of the population. The first comers were largely engaged in trade, and 
to the present day a large proportion are in mercantile business. Some 
of the Jewish merchants rank among the foremost of the city. But Jews 
have become manufacturers and speculators in real estate in later years. 
Jewish artisans are to be found in hundreds of mills and factories. As 
a race they have bought real estate very extensively in recent years, not 
only for their own homes, but for investment. 

They have shown public spirit. They have been honored with pub- 
lic offices. They have adopted American standards of living, excepting 
the very recent arrivals. It must be said here to the credit of the young 
people of this race that they have taken more than their share of honors 
in scholarship in the public school. It seems that no race takes more 
readily to the public school system and shows higher appreciation of 
the value of education than the Jews. It is generally conceded that the 
first Jews here were Abraham Feingold and Z. Epstein. 

The Jews of this city came largely from Russia. As a rule they came 
with families. In 1915, 43.4 per cent, of the Jewish population was 
female and 44.3 per cent, aged 15 years or less. Of the Jews here at 
that time, 5(5 ])er cent, were born in Russia. 

I'he death rate is low — only 5.7 per 1,000 in 1915, against a rate of 
14.9 for the city. The family average was 3.92 children. Four families 
had 10 children; none more than ten. 

There has been a movement of jiopulation on the East Side, the 
Jews taking the place of the Irish who have built or occupied homes 
elsewhere, and the former homes of the Jews being taken by Poles and 
Lithuanians. At present, the Jewish population is mainly located 
between Union Hill and the Boston and Alban}- railroad. 

The Jews in turn are moving higher up on Union Hill, their former 
homes along Water, Winter and the Island District being occupied by 
Poles and Lithuanians, while the district between Winter St. and the 
B. & A. R. R. and lower Grafton St., is being taken by the newer Italians. 

Statistics show that most of the Jews have trades when they come 
here, and that two-fifths of the men are engaged in garment-making. 
Thirty-six per cent, are tailors and one-tenth dress-makers. Of the 192 
tailoring establishments in the city in 1915, 104 were owned by Jews. 
In 1900 twenty-one of the seventy tailoring establishments of the city 
were owned by Jews. In 1915, eleven of the sixteen garment manu- 
facturing concerns were owned by Jews. Fifty-four per cent, of the gar- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 341 

ment dealtTS were Jews, including most of the credit houses, drygoods 
peddlers, and a large percentage of the dealers in junk and rags also. In 
this city, money-lending is not a Jewish business, and in 1915 there were 
but two wholesale liquor dealers of the Jewish race, and no retail liquor 
dealers. The young Jewish women tend t(j become clerks, Ixiokkeepers 
and stenographers. There are few school teachers. 

The Jews in recent years have been acquiring real estate for invest- 
ment on a large scale. They have from the beginning lost no oppor- 
tunity to buy and own their own homes. In 1!)1.5, 26 per cent, of the 
families lived in their own homes, against a percentage of 24 per cent, 
for the cit}'. The Jews have not figured largely in politics, but a few- 
have been prominent in public life. Alany facts for this sketch have 
been taken from a thesis of Joseph Talamo (A. M., 191.5, Clark College). 

Jewish Societies. — Independent ( )rder B'rith .\braham is a national 
organization, a social and fraternal tjrder with four lodges in this city. 

Worcester Lodge, No. 118; Pres., Alark Fein; \'ice-Pres., Morris- 
Greenberg; Rec. Sec, Robert Goodman; Fin. Sec, Israel Berman;, 
Treas., Myer Yanofsk)-. 

Bnai Zion Lodge, No. ;338 ; Pres., Samuel Chafits: Fin. Sec. Jacob 
M. Talamo. 

George Frisbie Hoar Lodge, No. T,-i: Pres., Jacob Rosenfeld ; Sec, 
Isaac Rosenzweig. 

.Sons of Maccabees Lodge, No. 5;ii; Pres., Isaac Rooff ; \'ice-Pres., 
Joseph Piokershu ; Fin. Sec, Nathan .-Vbelsom ; Rec, M. Skiest. 

The Independent Order United Hebrews of America is represented 
here by Hatcheo Lodge, No. 49, organized in ]9()!). Pres., Max Robbins; 
Treas.. Imen Cohen; Fin. and Rec. Sec, Louis (iorman. 

The Order of B'rith Abraham is represented in this city by Worces- 
ter Lodge, No. 212, organized in 1896. Pres., Harry I. Cohen; Treas., 
Harry Raphael ; Fin. Sec, Mendel Tavel ; Rec. Sec'., Joseph Kingiser. 

The Worcester Relief Linion has for many years done excellent 
work along charitable lines among the needy Jewish families. The pres- 
ent officers are : Pres., Hyman Peskin ; Sec, Hyman Joseph ; Treas., 
Hyman Lederman. Meets every Sunday at Gi\ Harrison street. 

The Maccabees Young Mens Hebrew Association is a very active 
and growing organization, designed for the instruction and improve- 
ment of members. The officers in 1917 were: Pres., Jacob Reed; Rec. 
Sec, David Feigenson ; Treas., David AI. Israel. 

The Worcester Hebrew Assurance Society was organized in 1916. 
Samuel Finkelstein is Pres. 

Jewish Synagogues. — The first Jewish synagogue in the city was 
founded in Ib^T and is known as Sons of Israel. Its place of worship 
is at 24 Providence street. Ephraim D. Rubinstein has been its Cantor 
since 1908. 

Sons of Israel. — The first Jewish synagogue in this city was founded 
in 1877. The first rabbi was M. Meltzner, who came in isSO. He was 
succeeded in 1882 by H. Touvim. Since then the rabbis have been: M. 
Binkovich, 1884-5:' .\lexander J. Newman, 1886-87; Axel S. Tacobson, 
1887-89; Philip Bernstein, 1889-91; Ephraim D. Rubenstein, 1891-1902; 
Elias Cashdan, 1902-08; Ephraim D. Rubinstein, since 1908. 



342 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

The membership originally was largely of Polish Jews, though 
many other nations were represented. In 1888 the sj'nagogue at'T9 
Green street was erected at a cost of $11,000, and was occupied in Au- 
gust. At that time the congregation was about 200, of whom 50 were 
members of the synagogue. The synagogue owns three rolls of the five 
books of Moses on parchment, the finest of which cost $500. The pres- 
ent synagogue is at 21 Providence street. In 1896 they bought the 
Swedish church and remodelled it as a synagogue. Barnett Wolko- 
wich has been president of the congregation for about twenty }'ears. 
I. B. Rabinowich, Sec; Trustees: Alax Feiga, Simon Silverman, Har- 
ris Lubin. 

Tower of Truth sj'nagogue, is located at J 6 Gold street. The rabbi 
is Heyman J. Silver; the Cantor, Hillel H. Freelander. 

Good Brothers synagogue is at 6 Pond street. Aaron Lipnian is 
rabbi ; Max Xramer, president ; Max Skeist, secretary. 

Shaarai Thorah synagogue, 32 Providence street ; Ralibi, Solomon 
Golobowski. 

Congregation Chemach Chedach, 10 Ph-mouth street; Rabbi, Hey- 
man J. Silver. 

Icferris Israel, 12 Harrison street; Rabbi, Heyman J. Silver. 

Agudas Israel Anshe Sarard, 66 Harrison street; Rabbi, Zarach 
Hurwitz. 

Sons of Abraham synagogue was incorporated in 1886, and was 
formed by a colony of the older organization. Sons of Israel. In 1888 a 
brick synagogue was erected at No. 10 Plymouth street, at a cost of 
about $11,000. The present synagogue is at 23 Coral street. It was 
occupied in 1913. The Rabbis have been: Abrani Rabinowich, 1886- 
89; Lewis Gordon, 1889-91; Max L. Israel, 1891-98; Morris Kaplan, 
1898-1902; H. J. Silver, 1903-4; Robert Leve, 190.3-6; Joseph Alpert, 
1907-08; Samuel Elkin, 1909-10; Solomon Golubowski, 1910-13 ; Meyer 
Freed, 1913-14; Heyman J. Silver, since 1915. 

The Hebrew Children's Friend Society was organized in 1908, with 
twelve members. Mrs. Max Grodberg was the first president. The 
object of the society is to help poor widows and orphans, to aid the 
mother in keeping her children with her. At present there are 175 mem- 
bers, with yearly dues of $525. The exjjense of the society yearly is 
over $1,500. The deficiency between income and expense is made up 
by an annual ball and by donations. 

The society meets the 1st Monday of every month. 

The officers (1918) are: Mrs. Max Siegler, president; Mrs. A. 
Jackson, 1st vice-president; Mrs. Max Grodberg, 2nd vice-president; 
Mrs. S. Niman, treasurer; Mrs. J. Schultz, financial secretary; Mrs. H. 
Seder, recording secretary; Mrs. H. Levinson, corresponding secretary; 
Mrs. R. Slobin, chairman of the Relief. 

The Independent Order B'nai B'rith was founded at New York City 
in 1843, so that in February, 1918, the order will celebrate its seventy- 
fifth anniversary. The purpose for which it was established was that of 
"Uniting Israelites in the work of promoting their highest interests 
and those of humanity ; of developing and elevating the mental and 
moral character of the people of our faith ; of inculcating the purest prin- 
ciples of philanthropy, honor and patriotism ; of supporting science and 
art, alleviating the wants of the poor and needy, visiting and attending 
the sick, coming to the rescue of victims of persecution, providing for, 



AND ITS PEOPLE 343 

protecting and assisting the widow and orphan on the broadest princi- 
ples of humanity." 

Since 1843, the order lias grown with marked rapidity. Lodges 
were estabhshed not only in the United States, but in Canada, Ger- 
many, Austria, Hungary, Roumania, England, Denmark and the Orient. 
Originally founded as a mutual benefit society for the purpose of secur- 
ing endowment insurance in case of the death of any of its members, it 
soon dropped this insurance feature and is now and has for several years 
past been nothing but a great social service organization. It has estab- 
lished eleemosynary institutions all over the world and each district 
grand lodge maintains and supports hosj>itals, old men's homes, orphan 
asylums, free employment bureau, etc. 

Worcester Lodge No. 600, a constituent member of this large fra- 
ternal order, was organized in April, 190L Harry Cutler, colonel of 
the First Light Infantry of Providence, then a deputy for New Eng- 
land, came up to Worcester and interested such men as Saul Elias, 
Selig Goldman, Samuel Wolfson, Samuel I. Goldstein and David B. 
Isenberg. They saw the necessity for organizing a lodge and the help 
that it would bring to the Worcester Jewish people. Thereupon a lodge 
was instituted by the name of the Jacob Lewis- Lodge, No. 600, which 
was subsequently changed to the W^orcester Lodge, No. 600. Saul 
Elias was its first president, and continued in office for several years, 
and the early growth and development of the Worcester Lodge was 
largely due to the ability and energy of Saul Elias. He is a man with 
a deep conscience, and, once undertaking an altruistic work, he sees it 
through with a hi.gh degree of efticienc}". 

Selig Goldman, David B. Isenberg, Maurice M. Israel, Archibald 
M. Hillman, Maurice L. Katz and Adolphe Hirsch have all been past 
presidents of the Worcester Lodge. They are all men fit to lead a com- 
munity and each of them has contributed to the material success of the 
Worcester Lodge. At present, David Goldstein, is president of the 
lodge. 

The individual member receives no return for his time and money, 
and in being admitted to this grand order, he is told that he is coming 
in for the purpose of giving it all that he can in the way of charity or 
social service, but that he must not expect any individual return or bene- 
fit therefor. As a result of this principle, Worcester Lodge has devel- 
oped a profound feeling of brotherly love and devotion. The money that 
each and every member contributes goes to the support of many charit- 
able institutions, such as the National Jewish Consumptives Hospital at 
Colorado, and the Old Men's Home at Yonkers, New York, which dis- 
trict No. 1 supports. Further, the principles of the order teach loyalty 
to the American government. As a result of this, there has developed 
in our lodge a profound spirit of patriotism and civic virtue. 

In 1915, Worcester Lodge extended an invitation to the District Grand 
Lodge No. 1, to hold its annual convention in Worcester. This took 
place on Saturday, Sunday and Monday, February 6-8, 1915, at the Ban- 
croft Hotel. Delegates assembled from all of the large cities of the east, 
since district No. 1 covers New England and New York State. This 
event was arranged for by a very active executive committee, consist- 
ing of Maurice M. Israel, Archibald M. Hillman, Adlophe Hirsch, Saul 
Elias, Maurice L. Katz, Philip Vielya, Max Feiga, David Goldstein, 
Jacob Reed, Jacob Asher, David B. Isenberg, and it was pronounced by 
the delegates to have been one of the finest conventions the district ever 



344 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

had. On SuiKlay evening a lianquet was held in honor of the dele- 
gates and guests at which His Excellency, David I. Walsh, then Gover- 
nor of Massachusetts, and the Honorable George M. Wright, then Mayor 
of the Cit}" of Worcester, were present. Addresses were delivered by 
these two and by the following grand lodge officers, Rev. Dr. Edward 
N. Calisch, Richmond, \'a., member executive board I. O. B. B.; Rev. 
Dr. Joseph Silverman of New York, president District Grand Lodge 
No. 1; Herman Asher, of New York, 1st vice-president District Grand 
Lodge No. 1 : Charles Hartman, New York, member executive board, 
L O. B. B.; Judge A. K. Cohen, Boston: Colonel Harry Cutler, Provi- 
dence, R. L; Hon. Charles AL Stern, Alliany, New York: and Archibald 
AL Hillman, of Worcester, who was toastmaster. 

The Worcester Lodge began w'ith a membership of thirty and now 
has 180. It is today the most important Jewish organization in the city 
of Worcester. The lodge has for the past ten years shaped the policy 
and action of the Jewish community in the City. — A. ]\L H. 

Two very successful and useful institutions are the Progressive 
Credit Union, having offices at 10 Waverley street: and the Worcester 
Credit Union, at loT) Water street. These are loan companies, regu- 
lated by state law, owned and patronized exclusively by Jewish people. 

Poles and Lithuanians. — The prospective re-estalilishnient of Poland 
as an independent nation has directed the attention of the whole world 
to this country and its people since the Russian Revolution of 1917. 
Poland has sent many thousands of her ])eople to this city in the past 
thirty years, mostly in the past ten years. The time has been too short 
for them to acquire the customs and speech of America, but not too short 
to have their industry, amljition and other fine qualities recognized. 

There are two classes, differing in race and religion, the Jewish and 
the Catholic Poles (Slavic). There are also the Lithuanians, whose 
home is in Poland, but whose race (Arian) language, habits and cus- 
toms, differ, just as the Swedish-Finns differ from the F"inns and the 
Scotch-Irish from the Irish. The Lithuanians are a distinct people in 
race and language, well liked by their employers, largely occupied as 
artisans and mechanics in the industries. The Poles and Lithuanians 
are approximately equal in number in the city, each numbering sev- 
eral thousand souls. 

Among the Polish Jews many are in trade. Many others are labor- 
ers. Few have been here long enough to acquire facility in speaking 
English, and owing to the dissimilarity of their language and English 
they have more difficulties in learning the language than inanv other 
races. 

The Lithuanians, after the first-comers had been here btit a few 
years, were strong enough to establish their own church in 1895, St. 
Casimir's Church (Roman Catholic), located at the corner of Provi- 
dence street, and the corner of Waverly. The rector of the present 
large parish is Rev. Fr. John J. Jakaitis who has been in charge since 



AND ITS PEOPLE 345 

1913; his assistant is Rev. Augustiii Pctraitis. appointi-d in I'.Hil. Rev. 
Fr. Vincent Buchoviecki was rector from lUOS to lin:J. The first pastor 
was Rev. Fr. Joseph Jaksztys, 18!I5-1!I08. An addition to St. Casimir's 
Costing $()(). 006 has lieen completed, 1!I17. 

All the property of St. Casimir's parish, which includes the new- 
church at the corner of Providence and \\ a\erly streets, the rectory and 
property on Providence street, and the church hall and other realty on 
Waverly street, is now free from debt. In addition, the parish has $8, 000 
in the bank, as part of a fund for the Iniildinjj of a parochial school and 
has purchased a large tract of land on Perry Hill, between Alillbury and 
\'ernon streets as the site for another church for the Lithuanian-speak- 
ing Catholics living in the Ouinsigamond and South Worcester sections. 

During the past year (lOlT), Rev. John J. Jakaitis, the pastor, was 
able to pav off the mortgage on the parish hall on Waverly street. The 
new church, costing more than $100,000, was erected without the par- 
ish having to take any mortgage. When dedicated on Columbus day, 
1916, P"ather Jakaitis was able to announce that it was entirely paid 
for. After building the church he set about to clear all the parish prop- 
erty from del)t and make plans for the building of a parochial school. In 
the meantime the parish purchased and paid for the large tract for the 
proposed church which will be built at some future time by a division 
of St. Casimir's jiarish, and in I'.Ml all the tlebt on the parish hall prop- 
erty was wiped out. During the past year a new organ, costing ajjpro.xi- 
mately $5,000, was installed in the church. The reality Imldings of the 
parish are valued at more than $-200.000. 

The Polish Church was founded in 1904, and is located at l"i Rich- 
land street. It is known as St. Mar}''s Roman Catholic Church, and 
was established by Rev. John Moneta, who died in 190T, and was suc- 
ceeded by Rev. Peter C. Reding, who after laying extensive plans for the 
betterment of the parish, died in 1911, before he coidd carry them out. 
He was succeeded by Rev. Joseph M. Tomikowski, whose stay was brief. 
He was transferred elsewdiere in I'.M-'!, with his assistant. Rev. Francis 
Taborski, who was appointed here in I'.MO. .Since l'.U;> the present rec- 
tor, Rev. Boleslaw Bojanowski. and his assistant. Rev. Edward Kem- 
pinskv, have been in charge. It was under the present rector that 
Father Reding's plans for a parochial school crystalized, a school house 
costing $;.'j,000 being erected on Richland street. 

.St. Mary's Parochial School for Polish children of the Catholic 
faith was established in 1915. The building has eight class rooms, two 
librarv rooms, and an assembly hall. It is located on Richland street. 
In 1918 there were twelve teachers and '8(> pupils. 

Among the organizations of the parish is the Polish-.\merican Po- 
litical Clul), composed of yovmg men, founded in 1911 l)y Joseph Chmie- 
lewski. Its purpose is to look after the naturalization and political 
interests of the Poles. The president in 1917 was W\ Silan. 

Other societies that loom up large in the Polish community are the 
St. Francis Brotherhood and the St. Michael's Brotherhood organized for 
benefit and parish purposes. 

Ninety per cent, of all the Polish jieople live in Ward Fi\-e. The 
Lithuanians are scattered through Wards 3, 4, 5 and li, ])redominating 
in Wards Four and Five. 

Another church of the Lithuanians was established in l!i08 by Pro- 
testants, and called All Saints' Lithuanian National Catholic Church. 
Their place of worship was at the corner of Endicott and Bigelow streets. 



346 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

The pastor, Rev. Stanley B. JMichiewitz, served from 1910 to 1913, when 
the society ceased to hold services. 

The Lithuanian women have a society entitled the Daughters of 
Lithuania, meeting monthly at 29 Endicott street. The president is May 
A. Blunskas ; secretary, Mrs. Anthony Rutkau.skus. 

St. George's Benevolent Society was organized by the Lithuanians 
for charitable purposes. President, Vincent Loda. 

Since the European War began, a bi-weekly newspaper has been 
published here by the Lithuanians, under Miss Anextine. 

The interest of the Lithuanians and Poles in literature was in evi- 
dence some two years ago when the Plaza Theatre was crowded at a 
meeting for raising funds for the building of a museum at Vilna. 

It is estimated that the Polish and Lithuanian population here 
amounts to 30,000. 

During the war these people have done much for their devastated 
homeland and its people. Their contributions have been large and 
generous. 

Norwegians. — The number of Norsemen in this city is not large 
and they are a quiet unobtrusive people, so like Americans in charac- 
teristics, customs, religion and ideals that they amalgamate rapidly 
Dr. Mix wrote of them : "We can all see that a people with such a his- 
tory are good material with which to build up and perpetuate our free 
institutions. Their power for good in tlie past, wherever their influence 
has been felt, is a pledge that it will always be exerted in the future on 
the side of liberty, obedience to law, respect to rightful authority, the 
promotion of education, the cultivation of good morals and of true 
religion. 

The first Norwegians here came just before the first Swedes. The 
pioneers were Iver Johnson, Martin Bye, G. Sather, C. Gunderson and 
Christian Gunderson. 

There are in our own city at the present time several hundred of 
this nationality who are worthily filling their places, but without show 
or pretense, — so very quietlj' and unobtrusively, indeed, that their pres- 
ence among us is scarcely recognized. 

By far the larger part of the Norwegians in the city are mechanics 
employed in the various industries. Most of them have come within the 
past twenty-five years. 

In 1915 there were in the city 147 males 21 years of age or over, 
born in Norway of whom 77 were naturalized. 

The Norwegian Branch of Old South Church was organized July 
18, 1903, by Rev. Edward B. Lund, under the name of "Norwegian Con- 
gregational Church Society. Services were held at Emanuel Congrega- 
tional Church from July, 1903, up to May 15, 1901, when services were 
moved and began at the Old South Church. Since that time regular 
services have been held every Sunday and on week days. Reorganized 
and adopted by the Old South Church as a branch the 7th of May, 1905, 
under tlie same rules and regulations which govern the other activities 
of the church, but a church within the church, performing all duties and 



AND ITS PEOPLE 347 

functions of a church in the Norwegian language. On this occasion 26 
Norwegians joined the C)ld South Church as members. The branch 
has a Woman's Association and a Young People's Society. The activi- 
ties of the branch are extended to the suburbs of the city. No special 
Sunday school in the Norwegian language is held, but tiie children of 
Norwegian parentage in the neighborhood are brought to the main Sun- 
day school of the church, and those that live in other parts of the city 
are urged to attend the nearest Protestant Sunday school. The aim and 
object of the Norwegian branch has been to place the children in Protes- 
tant Sunday schools, to seek to bring to Christ the Norwegian people of 
our city and sul)urbs, to establish them on the membership of our Protes- 
tant American churches, and to encourage home Bible study in the 
mother tongue. We believe that doing our foreign work at home 
according to this plan and purjiose, has proved a great factor in chang- 
ing the wrong views held by many foreigners toward the American 
churches and their members. Rev. Edward B. Lund has been pastor of 
the branch since it was organized, and is the present pastor. Resi- 
dence, 'Zo yueen street, \Vorcester. 

The Norwegian Lutheran Church at the corner of Highland and 
Wachusett street, erected in I'JIG, is the center of the religious and social 
activity of the Norwegian residents of the city. Rev. Carl Figenbaum 
is the pastor. The membership (1917) is 207 with lUT in the Sunday 
school. The property is valued at $18,.J00. 

The C)rder of Henrich Wergeland was organized May li, 1890, and 
incorporated Jul}" 8th, 1897. It was named in memor}" of the Nor- 
wegian writer, IJenrich \\'ergeland, Ixjrn 1808, died ISi.^i, whose best 
known poem was the "English Pilot." Ladies and gentlemen between 
the ages of IG and 50, who are considered physically and morally strong 
and able to speak one of the Scandinavian languages,, may become mem- 
bers of this society. Its object is to help the sick and needy. The 
membership the last twenty years has been between 110 and 130. At 
the S.Jth anniversar}' ]\Iay 17, 191."j, it was shown that during that time 
it had an income of $1:5, 309. 22 ; paid out in death benefit $1,755.83; in 
sick benefit $5,307.72; hall rent and other expenses $4,849.17, having in 
the treasury a balance of $1,755.83. 

It is the only lodge. A branch lodge was started in Fitchburg at 
the time Iver Johnson's shop was removed to that city, but was dis- 
solved in a short time. 

Scotch. — Worcester has never had from Scotland a large contri- 
bution to its population. The Scotch families came one by one or in 
small groups. Much of the Scotch stock came by way of Nova Scotia 
or the North of Ireland. The list of families whose heads were natives 
of Scotland in 1860 is not large, but it includes some sterling material. 
The men were skilful mechanics for the most part, and their descen- 
dants in this section are numerous. To some extent the Scotch and 
English families are difficult to separate, as many Scotchmen had wives 
of English birth, and English had married Scotch wives. They became 
quickly assimilated with the old stock almost as soon as they settled, 
and never formed a distinct section of the population, being in speech, 
religion and customs, identical with the older residents. 



348 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



In llJlo there were in this city o'lO males 21 years of age or over, 
born in Scotland, of whom 185 were naturalized. 

While the population of old Worcester had as much Scotch as Eng- 
lish stock, it came largely through the immigration from the north of 
Ireland and its history is given under the heading Scotch-Irish and in 
the Early Families in this work. Cromwell sent many thousand Scotch 
prisoners of war taken at the battle of Worcester and elsewhere to Xew 
England, and they were "sold"' to the planters for various terms. The 
Holmes family of this town was probably of this stock. There may have 
been others. The Scotch settlers during the last century have been 
absorbed as rajiidl}' as they have come. They are found in all organi- 
zations and churches. 

The Order of Scottish Clans has a flourishing body here. Clan 
Scott, No. S.J. John N. Clark, chief; William j. Ferguson, tanist; George 
Hutton, rec. sec; Robert Baird, fin. sec; Robert Martin, treas. 

Thistle Lodge: C. D., Mrs. J. Pearl Spears; Sec, r^Iargaret S. 
Love; Fin. .Sec, Janet M. Mill. 

Scotch in Worcester in 1860 
Ward One. 

Thomas Forest, 3J, machinist ; Maria, 31 ; William Xesmith. 25, machinist. 

Margaret, 8; Maria, 5: James, 3; Alex. Lorrimer, 47, box maker ($S,ooo) ; 
Mary J., 9 m. Helen, 20; Isabel, 18; Alex., 17. 



Ward Two. 

Williatn Merribrese (?), 47, gardener; 
Sarah, 34; Charles W., 6; Fletcher, 

Ward Three. 

William Spence, 20, moulder ; Mary A., 
29 ; William, 8 ; Frederick, 3. 

Ward Four. 

Thomas Spence, 19, moulder ; 
18. 



5; Sarah, 3; Marion, i. 



Catherine, 



Ward Five. 

John Laverty, 27 ; shoemaker : Mary A., 
" 37; John, 16; Robert M., 13; Mar- 
garet A., 11; Elizabeth, 9; Catherine, 
7 ; Alexander, 2. 

James Spence. 49, pattern-maker ; Mary, 
32 ; Ellen, 7. 

Thomas Provan, 43, blacksmith ; Rebecca, 
32; John, 18; Catherine, 16; Agnes, 
14; "Thomas, 11; Augustus, 7; Wil- 
liam, 5. 

Robert Sinclair, 42, baker ; Matilda. 35 ; 
Amos., 15; Jessie M., 10; Robert A., 
8 : Elizabeth, 5 ; Williatu F., 3 ; How- 
ard, I. 

James W. Weir, 25, engineer : Margaret, 
21; Catherine, 2; George, 30, fire- 
man; Agnes, 34; James, 10; Andrew, 
8 ; Agnes, 5 ; Jane, 5 m. 

Thomas Wilson, 25, machinist ; Margaret, 
22. 



William Kilgore, 40. wire-drawer ; Mar- 
garet, 25 ; William X.. 3 ; John R., 
I : James C, 3 m. 

John Mavin, 20, machinist. 

Charles Stuart. 46. armorer ; Margaret, 
46; Rebecca. 18; Charles, 11; Wil- 
liam G.. 7; Margaret, 21. 

Euphemia McGregor, 42; Alexander, 24; 
Ellen, 18; Euphemia, 16; William, 14; 
Jane. 12 ; Rebecca, 3. 

Henry Grey, 74. 

James Conry, 21, boiler maker. 

James Wier, 55. spinner ; Mary, 54 ; 
Peter, 19: James, 17; Margaret, 
weaver; Elizabeth (twin), Janette, 
12. 

W^illiam Fairweather, 30, dresser tender; 
Lillian L., 25; Lillian A., 3; Frank 
M.. I m. 

John Biddle, 23. machinist ; Martha, 21 ; 
William H., 2. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



349 



Ward Seven. 

John Tliomsoii, 30, manufacturer; Susati 
E., 30; Clara J., 10; Julia M., 7; 
George M. ; John E., i. 

Mathevv Arbuckle. 30, musician ; Eliza- 
beth, 27 ; Lizzie, 2 ; George M., 4 m. 

James Perry, 50. farmer; James. Jr.. 
clerk; Alary. 18; .Alexander, 17; Isa- 
bella. 13; Emily R., 6; Mary T., 2. 

James Russell. 32, boiler maker ; Jane 
D.. 30: James, 8; Ann G., 6; Mary 

Ward Eight. 

James Cleland. 20. engraver. 

Alice Fisher, 45. 

William Beare. 29, boot-crimper: Mary 

A., 29 ; Robert, i. 
Mary Campbell, 48. 
Angus McKay. 27. wire-drawer: Hannah, 

20 ; Hannah, 4 m. 
Daniel McXaughton, 32. boot-treer ; Mary. 

30 ; Mary, j : Thomas. 8 m. 



M., 4; Duncan D., 2. 
David Logan, 41, watchman: Mary, 43; 

David, Jr., 19, farmer; Margaret, 11; 

.'Vnna R., 9; James, 8 (afterward 

Mayor) ; Oscar A., 6; John R., 4. 
James Pierce, 38, machinist; Elizabeth, 

28; John, 6; James, 4; Alexander, 

2 ; William. 4 m. 
James Watt. 26, spinner. 



James Rourke, 42, clerk; Elizabeth, 40; 

Andrew, 4. 
Elizabeth Robertson, 25. 
Margaret Pennington, 30. 
William Marra. 52, gardener; Christy, 50. 
William Clapperton, 34, spinner; Mary, 

33; .Alexander, 7; Annie, 5; Mary, 

4: .Archiltald. 2. 
Nicholas Limi. 68. 



CHAPTER XI 
Swedes — Syrians — Welsh 

Swedes.— The first Swedes came here in 1868 to work in the w^ire 
mill. Witliin two years a considerable number had made their homes 
here and the immigration from Sweden has been very large and steady 
dow^n to the beginning of the European War. No race has been more 
welcome and none has more readily adjusted itself to American stand- 
ards. The Swedish mechanics have been in demand in every shop and 
factory, especially in the iron and steel industries of the city. 

While some idea of the activities of the Swedish people can be 
gained from their social and religious organizations, it is impossible 
to give a separate history of the Swedish people. They form a constit- 
uent part of the people of the city, in church and society as well as busi- 
ness and politics, as shown by the biographies of prominent Swedish cit- 
izens. Swedish families attend the various Protestant churches in large 
numbers. 

As a rule, the Scandinavian citizen sujiports the Republican party, 
but with no little degree of independence. And they have always shown 
a true lovalty to their adopted country in times of peace and war. 

The Swedish-American Republican Clubs have circulated in 
recent years 20,000 or more copies of a pamphlet entitled, "How to Be- 
come a Citizen of the United States," and have done excellent work. In 
recent years the citizens of Swedish birth and descent have been well 
represented in various departments of the municipal government. Hon. 
Peter G. Holmes is of Swedish stock. 

In the biographical section will be found Pehr sketches of many 
Swedes prominent in public, commercial, professional and industrial life. 

From the beginning, the Swedish population has centered in the 
vicinity of the wire mills, especially at Quinsigamond, Greendale and 
Belmont Hill and other large iron and steel factories, but in the past 
twenty years, the tendency has been to live and build homes in all parts 
of the city regardless of the nationality of their neighbors. The Swedish 
people have always been characterized by neatness and at the present 
time they possess their full share of the substantial residences in all parts 
of the city. Their ambition as a race is to own their own homes and 
maintain as high a standard of living as their neighbors. 

The first Swede to locate here was Charles F. Hanson, the well 
known music dealer, who came when a young man of nineteen in Sep- 
tember, 1868. (See biography). He was soon followed by five others, 
potters by trade, from Hoganas, Sweden, and from that time there was 
a constant flow of pioneers from that town and vicinity. The first 



352 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Norwegians in the city preceded the Swedes by a few months. (See 
Norwegians). The following were among the early arrivals: 

Sven Palson came here in the fall of 1S6S. He was born in Hoganas 
May 22, 184T ; learned the potter's trade, and followed it there from 
the age of twelve; entered the employ of F. B. Norton, who had a pot- 
tery here; made the first emery wheels for his employee; removed 
to West Sterling in 1877, but returned to Worcester in ]881 and was 
again in the employ of Mr. Norton; went again to West Sterling in 
188.3, and manufactured the Sterling emery wheel there imtil 1887; 
afterward lived in Norwich and Bridgeport, Ct. ; finally became man- 
ager of the Paschall Emery Wheel works in Philadelphia, Penn., where 
he was living in lill.j. Mr. Palson is a brother-in-law of John Jeppson ; 
married Apr. 2, 1871, a sister of Mr. Jeppson, and has daughter Jennie, b. 
Apr. 2, 1872, was the first child of Swedish parents born in Worcester. 

Anders Persson left Hogamas Sept. 28, 1868. arriving in New York 
City, October 10th and came with Palson to this city immediately, begin- 
ning to work for Norton, October 24, 18fi8. Mr. Persson was born in 
Hoganas December 21, 1841 ; left Worcester after a year in the Norton 
pottery ; engaged in business and in 1808 and later was the sole owner of 
the Stoneware Company of Bangor, Maine; was a 32d degree Mason; 
now deceased. 

Gustaf Ahlstrom, another brother-in-law of John Jeppson, soon left 
W^orcester and made his home in Pennsylvania. John Wennerstrom 
was also here but a short time, locating later in New Jersey. 

Bengt Engstrom came in the same vessel with Palson and Pers- 
son and was also employed at Norton's ; afterward lived in Con- 
necticut. 

John Jeppson and John Engstrom arrived here, April 20, ISGO, also 
coming from Hoganas, landing in New York three days before that, after 
a slow. voyage in the Cunard line steamship, Tripoli. (See biography of 
John Jeppson). 

Johan Peter Warme. the first pioneer from \'ermland. Sweden, came 
in July, 1860, and Philip Styflfe, who also worked for Mr. Norton after his 
arrival in August of that year. Mr. Styfi'e's wife Maria (Frodigh) was 
the first Swedish woman to come here. She married in 1875, Peter Hol- 
ton, a Norwegian, who came here November 1, 1860. 

Magnus Ahestrom came in October, 1860, with his wife and two 
daughters, one of whom married John E. Swanstrom and the other, J. O. 
Emmanuel Trotz (see biog.), afterward superintendent of the W'ash- 
burn & Moen wire mills. 

In 1860 came also Andrew Malm, janitor of the Ledge Street School 
house for many years. 

During the next three or four years the following located here : 
John Fryberg, L. P. Norberg, Lars Lundin. Alex. Eklund, Arvid John- 
son, Ma'uritz Johnson, A. Smith, Claes Ekblad, Gustaf Stenman, John 
Nilson, J. G. Kohlstrom, Hans Trulson, Charles Hendrikson. Gustaf 
Magnus, Andrew Frybergtand and Gustaf Ellstrom. 

Gustaf Ellstrom, who was among the first from \'ermland, was born 
at Raxed, June 5, 1851 ; learned the trade of blacksmith there ; arrived in 
this citv, Sept. 18, 1872. and entered the employ of Iver Johnson; fore- 
man from 1872 to 1805; then assistant superintendent; went to Fitch- 
burg when the Johnson business was removed thither and became 
general superintendent June 1, 1806; was a cKrector of the Swedish 



AND ITS PEOPLE 353 

Mercantile Co. in 1884 and later treasurer; treasurer of the Mystic 
Brothers and of the Swedish Cemetery Corporation; president of the 
Heimdall Associates, which became Massasoit Tribe, Improved Order of 
Red Men ; moved to Denver, Colorado, returning after four years and 
then established a men's furnishing store at 212 Main street in this 
city; returned to the employ of Iver Johnson in 1889 and moved to 
Fitchburg in 1892; was treasurer of the Skandia Co-operative Com- 
pany of Fitchburg, 1892 ; treasurer of the Swedish Sick Benefit Society 
of Fitchburg four years. 

Samuel Hammar, for many years a resident of this city, formerly 
of Charlestown, came to this country with Mr. Jeppson and John 
Engstrom. 

In 18?5 there were 16G Scandinavians in the city; in 1880 about 
5,000; in 1910 about 25,000; in 1918 about 30,000. Of the 3,737 males 
21 years of age or over in 1915, 1,914 were naturalized. 

A visitation that ranks in interest and importance with those of 
Washington. Lafayette and those of our presidents, was that of young 
Prince Wilhelm of Sweden, August 26, 1907. He is the Duke of 
Sodermanland, a grandson of King Oscar and son of King Gustav; the 
first royal visitor from Sweden. The Swedish people here prepared a 
royal welcome. The Worcester Magazine said at the time : "It was 
eminently fitting that this scion of royalty should come to this city. No 
American municipality includes in its citizenship so large a representa- 
tion of Scandinavians as Worcester, and no other American city boasts 
of a more intelligent or respect-commanding class of citizens." The city 
was profusely decorated in his honor, the most striking feature being 
ornate an arch across Front St. from Commercial street to the Common, 
a reproduction of the famous Gothic arch of Stockholm. The local com- 
mittee of 100, of which Mr. J. O. E. Trotz was chairman, and Mr. Oscar 
G. Norseen, secretary, and a crowd of 10.000 people welcomed the prince 
and his party at the Union Station. There was music by Svea Cadet 
Band and a male chorus of 75, led by Gustaf A. Berg. The procession 
to the City Hall was led by the Swedish Gymnastic Club, where another 
ovation awaited the visitors. He was greeted by songs of children at 
the entrance of the building, each waving a Swedish flag. In his speech 
of welcome Mayor John T. Duggan said : "A great number of your 
countrymen have resided in our midst for many years and they have 
always proved splendid citizens. Their brains and brawn have been 
instrumental in no small way in advancing the interests of this munici- 
pality in its professional, mercantile and industrial life." At the recep- 
tion which followed, Hon. Charles G. Washburn, Hon. John R. Thayer, 
Hon. F. A. Harrington, Hon. A. B. R. Sprague, Hon. Henry A. Marsh, 
Hon. Philip J. O'Connell, Hon. Walter H. Blodget and Hon! Edward F. 
Fletcher were in the line. Gov. Curtis Guild and Lieut. Gov. Eben S. 
Draper were also present. 

Among the many distinguished men of the city, who attended the 
W.-I-23. 



354 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

luncheon at the Worcester Chi1), besides Prince Wilhehn, Governor 
Guild, Minister Lagercrantz, Lieutenant-Governor Draper, were Mayor 
John T. Duggan, Congressman Charles G. Washburn, \'ice-consul Ro- 
sentwist. Captain Klercker of the Fylgia. Colonel Parker, Colonel Wol- 
cott, Lincoln N. Kinnicutt. George M. Bassett, Eben F. Thompson, C. 
L. Allen, Charles F. Aldrich, William G. Ludlow, Richard Ward Greene, 
Waldo Lincoln, Hon. Henry A. Marsh, George F. Booth, Eugene M. 
RIoriarty, Mr. Trotz, Alderman John P. Holmgren, George N. Jepp- 
son, William Backstrom, Lars M. Petterson, O. G. Hedlund, Oscar G. 
Norseen, John Jeppson, Axel J. L. Tode, Thure Larson, \'erner G. 
Anderson, Hans Trulson, W'illiam Forsberg, G. A. Berg, Thure Han- 
son, Carl W. Sundh, Rev. John A. Eckstrom, Carl A. Ekstrom, John 
Quarn, P. A. Friberg, John Clason, Mauritz Johnson, Andrew W. Eck- 
strom, Rev. J. A. Hultman, Rudolf .Sundin, Werner Lagis. .\xel Holm- 
strom. Dr. William C). Bloom, Gustaf Person. \'ictor E. Runo, Charles 
F. Hanson, Bernard Ell, P. W^ Blom, A. P. Lundborg and A. E. Bloom. 

At the meeting in Mechanics Hall every seat was taken. As the 
visiting party entered, roses were scattered in their path, l)y six flower 
girls. The speakers were Mr. Trotz, Minister Lagercrantz and the 
Prince. "The greeting that I received" said the Prince, "goes to show 
that the Swedish people in America certainly have become Ameri- 
canized, but even so, their hearts lieat as warm for Sweden as any per- 
son in our Fatherland. The link that I)inds us together today- is that 
we are all of Swedish blood, and that each and all of us here have 
the honor of being of .Swedish descent or birth." He said later: "This 
recej)tion is the most hearty and elaborate I have received in the United 
States. I appreciate it very inuch and think the Swedish people of Wor- 
cester are generous in the extreme." 

The mid-summer festival held June IT, 191(5, on the grounds of the 
Agricultural Society at Greendale, was an event of unusual interest to 
the Swedish people of the State. It was in charge of the Swedish Na- 
tional Federation, and attracted about 10,000 spectators. It was the 
fourth festival, but larger and typical of the others. Fifteen cups were 
given as prizes in the athletic events. The Swedish Boy Scouts made 
an excellent showing in a special exhibition in the morning. In the 
afternoon Emil T. Rolander, of this cit\% president of the Federation 
presided. Mayor George M. Wright made an address followed by Gov. 
Samuel W. McCall, Congressman Samuel E. Winslow and Attorney 
Herman J. Nord of Cleveland, Ohio. Other honorary guests were: 
John Jeppson, Pehr G. Holmes, the present mayor, and George N. Jepp- 
son. In the evening there were exercises at which Dr. Julius F. Quist 
was the speaker; music and elaborate fireworks. The local papers gave 
manv pages to an account of the festival. 

The First Swedish Lutheran Church. — Some of the first Swedish 



AND ITS PEOPLE 355 

settlers of Worcester were T,utlier:ins, and naturally desired to worship 
God according to the custom of their native hmd and in the lanj^uage 
of their childhood. The first Swedish service in Worcester was con- 
ducted by a Lutheran jjastor as early as 1870, but his name seems to 
have iieen forgotten. 

Dr. C. F. Johanson, of Boston, visited W^orcester in 1ST.3, and con- 
tinued these visits from time to time to preach and perform other min- 
isterial acts. It was Dr. Johanson, assisted by a theological student, 
Rev. P. M. Esbjorn, a son of one of the founders of the Swedish 
Lutheran Church in America, who organized the cluirch, August 2, 1881, 
with the following charter members: Mrs. Eva Biickman, Ch. Backman, 
Mr. and Mrs. John A. ALagnuson, Lena Magnuson. Nils N. Hellstrom, 
Mr. and Mrs. Carl L. Hendrickson, Air. and Mrs. John Sallstrom, Mr. and 
Mrs. Bernard Werme, Mr. and Mrs. John Nordstrom. Carl Bergstrom, 
John .X. Johnson, Carl A. Samuelson, Mr. and Mrs. C. G. Nelson. Swante 
Anderson, August W. Hjelm, Assarina Nelson, Hannah Bengtson, 
Christina Bengtscjn. Thilda Johnson, Mary Friberg, Mr. and Mrs. John 
Anderson. 

The congregation secured a hall at l',l.5 Front street, and this hall 
served as the first Swedish place of worship in Worcester. Soon the 
need of a church became apparent. Rev. J. A. Norlin and Rev. J. T. 
Sandstrom, two theological students, became the first building commit- 
tee. July 17, 1882, it was decided to secure land on MuUbury street, 
as a site for the church. 

The work was started immediately, and was pushed on so rapidly 
that the congregation was enabled to celelirate Christmas of that year 
inside of a Swedish church, and the first time in Worcester. 

The following year a building committee was appointed to complete 
the Iniilding, as only the basement had thus far been finished. The 
committee was apparently divided into two working forces, one com- 
posed of Messrs. Tver Johnson. Gustav Ellstrom, James Forstedt, Hans 
Frulson and John Jeppson, to finance the new work ; and the otlier com- 
posed of Rev. M. J. England, who served as pastor from 1883 to '81, 
Messrs. Iver Johnson, Charles R. Frodigh and Charles Ellstrom, to over- 
see the construction. The contract for the construction was placed with 
Urgel Jacques. The church was dedicated on September 26, 1886, 
during the pastorate of Rev. O. W. Holmgrain. The congregation had 
at this time 152 communicant members and carried an indebtedness of 
$5,733. 

Rev. Holmgrain came to the church in 188."'), and resigned in 1887, 
being succeeded by Rev. S. G. Larson, wdio came in 1888 and remained 
until 1893. During his pastorate the church debt was materially 
decreased. In 1893, Rev. P. E. Berg became Rev. Larson's successor 
and remained until 1890. During his pastorate the interest in the con- 
gregation became considerably increased. 

Rev. E. J. Nystrom become pastor in 1896, and remained until llM)."i, 
or more than twice as long as any of his predecessors. During his pas- 
torate the church was remodeled and renovated at a cost of $2,500, and 
a further $2,000 was invested in a lot on which to build a parsonage. It 
was also his pleasure to see the church prosper under his leadership and 
to be enabled to enrich it with order and system. 

The present pastor commenced his work in this congregation, the 
first Sunday in May, 1905. At that time the congregation numbered 
296 contributing members and had a debt of $4,900. When the old 



356 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 




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AND ITS PEOPLE 357 



church on Mulbcrrv stn-ct was huilt, a lar^i- mnnhcr (.1 its meinbers 
lived in the immed'iate neighborhood, but in the course of tune they 
moved away to other sections of the city until it became more and more 
evident that a more central location for the church was needed. .At the 
annual meeting in IHO: the sentiment was seen to be so favorable that it 
was deemed advisable to welcome subscriptions from those wdio desired 
to contribute toward land for a new church. The following committee 
was appointed to receive these contributions: Pastor J. A. Lckstrom, 
A P Lundborg, John Jeppson, Sven E. Hanson. Ludwig Johnson. Rich- 
ard Johnson, Oscar Russell. .Sven P. Smith. Albin Gustavson, Axel B. 
Swenson. Carl A. Swenson. Gustav Johnson, Peter A. Anderson, 1 hure 
Hanson, C. Arthur Johnson, Martin Johnson, Carl Benson, INIrs. Martin 
Benson and Miss Augusta Carlson. When the contributions had reached 
the sum of $1,000 the above committee was authorized to purchase the 
land on the corner of Orchard and Belmont street, which they did on 
Februarv IT. 1908. 

During this time the plans for tearing down the old Linion station, 
to make place for the new and larger one. were being pushed forward, 
and Pastor Eckstrom, at this opportune moment bought for the church 
500 loads of New Hampshire granite of which the old station was built. 
Fuller & Delano were selected as architects of the new edifice, and on 
April aist their plans and specifications were accepted and the build- 
ing committee was instructed to proceed with the work of construction 
The work was done on the subcontract plan, under the supervision of 
Peter A. Anderson, who was elected superintendent of construction. 

The first service was held in the basement of the church on the first 
Sunday in Advent. On Palm Sunday of the following year the new bell, 
presented by Mrs. John Jepp.son, was dedicated. This bell has the dis- 
tincton of having been made in Sweden, and later recast m this country. 
The church was dedicated November IT. 1911. and is today the most 
valuable monument to the pietv and generosity of our Swedish speaking 
people in this commonwealth. The church cost $56,000. and the land 
$10,411 additional. 

The parsonage at 4(i Wachusett street w\as ready for the pastors 
family on the 6th of October. The congregation is organized into seven 
different departments as follows : Mission, led by the board of deacons ; 
Music led bv the organist: Finance, led by the trustees: Education,, 
led by the pastor; Young People, led l:)y the Luther League; \ isiting, 
led by the deaconess; Social Service, led by the Dorcas Society. 

The congregation has had the pleasure of seeing its work progress, 
and the chuixh "is todav the "Mother" church to three congregation.s— 
the Ouinsigamond church, organized in 1896: the Swedish-Finnish._ in 
1900? and the Zion Church in Greendale in 1911. All foreign-speaking 
churches are performing a duty toward our new Americans, which our 
purely American-speaking churches cannot perform, and will eventually 
enrich American church life by translating the religious literature and 
church music of the fathers into the language of the children. 

The First Swedish Baptist Church was organized November 17, 
1880, at the home of A. G. Fagerstrom. 115 Ward street, by the follow- 
ing persons: Mr. Fagerstrom, Rosa M. Fagerstrom, C. A. Eklund, An- 
ders Johnson and wife. Axel W.Carlson and wife, Gustaf Backhn and A. 
A Westhom The church grew in membership rapidly. Rev. Axel Ijern- 
lund the first pastor, was indefatigable in upbuilding the organization. 
At f^'rst they worshiped in a hall then in the First Baptist church, but 



358 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

after Nov. 2T, 1S81, in the Walker Building, -105 Main street. Efforts 
to secure a meeting house began early and the church on Mulberry 
street and Eastern avenue was completed and occupied May 30, 1884. It 
had a seating capacity of 450, and cost $10,000. The debt was paid 
within twenty years, as a result of the persistent work of Rev. C. W. 
Anderson. The present church on Belmont street, corner of Fountain, 
was erected in 1907, but not completed until 1912. The old church was 
sold for $G..jOO to another society. The auditorium of the new church 
seats TOO and the chapel or vestry 500. It is a handsome granite struc- 
ture, costing $55,000. 

P'oUowing have been the pastors: Peter A. Hjelm, who came here 
from Sweden, 1881-3; 1885-1888; Petrus Ostrom, from Orebro, Sweden, 
Dec, 1883-1885; J. M. Erickson (temporary); L. J. Kallberg, 1888-89; 
W. Kohler, (temporary); J. W. Hjertstrom, Sept. 15, 1891-96; A. P. 
Sward. 1889; O. M. Lmd ; Axel Tjernlund, Apr. 1, 1897-98; C. W. An- 
derson, July 19. 1898-1908; J. P. Zettervall, 1908-1913; E. J. Nordlander, 
1914-1917. More than 1,5.35 persons have joined the church since it was 
established. The pastorate is vacant since Jan. 1, 1918, when Rev. E. J. 
Nordlander moved to Rockford, 111. 

In December, 1888, part of the congregation moved to Cleveland, 
O.. and organized a Swedish Baptist church there. In February, 1889, 
the church was incorporated. In January, 1891, another colony from 
this church organized a church in Gardner, and later in the year a 
church at Waukegan. 111. 

A colony left to form the Harlem Street Church, April 23, 1896. 

The First Swedish Evangelical Congregational Church had its 
origin in the Free Church movement begun in Sweden in 1869. In 
May, 1880, members of the Free Church who had come to this city began 
to hold prayer meetings on Messenger Hill, in their homes, and others 
met at Quinsigamond. In June, Rev. A. G. Nelson, pastor of the Free 
Church at Campello, held several meetings here. The hall at 386 Main 
street was hired August 15, 1880, some seats borrowed of the Y. M. C. A., 
and regular services held. Here the First Swedish Free Church was 
organized September 6, 1880. In October, Rev. George Wiberg of Iowa 
was called as the first pastor. The original members were Petrus 
Borg, Ludvig Peterson, Carl J. Lundgren, C. E. Osterberg, Franz Back- 
man, Olof Johnson, L. E. Petterson, Gustaf Holm, C. O. Nystrom, Jacob 
Haghorg. Gustaf Grell, Axel Carlson, Gustaf Lundgren and Carl Hall- 
man. 

In May, 1881, the place of worship was changed to a hall in the 
Warren Block, near Washington Square. A Congregational council 
recognized the church August 19, 1881. It was the second Congrega- 
tional church in this country. A parish was organized January 14, 1882, 
in the ofifice of Henry L. Parker. Only members of the church could join 
the parish, 

Mr. Wiberg resigned in November, 1883. and was succeeded Decem- 
ber 1 by Rev. A. G. Nelson, who was dismissed December 6, 1885, and 
Rev. Karl F. Ohlsson, who had been called from Hedemora, Sweden, 
was installed. The membership was then 250. In 1883 a movement 
began to secure a meeting house. Through a building committee of 
which Samuel R. Heywood was chairman and G. Henry Whitcomb, 
treasurer, the funds were raised and a church built on Providence 
street near Grafton Square. It was dedicated January 25, 1885. The 



AND ITS PEOPLE 359 

cost was aljout $10,000. Out- of tin- best friends of the church in these 
cla}s was Deacon John A. Cornell. 

Rev. A. G. Xclson was succeeded 1)\- Rev. Eric Xilson, ]88o-S8; 
Rev. Karl F. Ohlsson. lS8.s-!)2 ; Rev. P. ]•:. billner, ls:)-^-<J4; ]-!.ev. August 
L. Anderson, 18y4-li»00: Rev. John .\. llultnian, IHOO-OG; Rev. Oscar G. 
Norscen. associate pastor. llM):i-Oii : Re\-. (_)lof P. Peterson, since r.MJG. 
(See biograjjhy). 

Since 189G the place of worship has lieen in Salem .S(|uare, in the 
meeting house purchased of the Salem Street Congregational Church, at 
a cost of $40,000. The church was retledicated June 4, 1896. .\t the first 
meeting. Rev. Dr. Eldridge Mi.x jiresided. In IS'.Mi the membership 
was 58(j. 

I'^irst .Swedish Alethodist Episcojjal (. hurch. — Work v.as begun here 
as early as 18TG by Rev. .Albert Ericson, of the Methodist church. The 
first Methodists gathered in the school house in Quinsigamond in 17^. J. 
They were: Anders and Nils Lindquist. Alfred Dahlin. Alfred Lind- 
berg. John Lindquist. Charles Berg. Sven Hok. Andrew Finne and Peter 
Stal. " 

r)n his wa}' through the city returning to .Sweden, Re\-. 1'. M. Lind- 
quist preached here in August. 1870. a few times. Rev. ' )tti) .Ander- 
son came here about the time the first Swedish Methodist Church was 
formed in Boston in the sjiring of 1878, and he was here at Christinas 
in 1879. In the spring of 1880 the church was formally organized and 
Rev. AUiert Ericsson returned and was pastor of the Methodists tor two 
years, and during the week between Christmas and Xew Years of 1882 
he received 154 new members. The menibership in May. 1883. was 398. 
The cornerstone of the Methodist church at Quinsigamond was laid 
Nov. 17, 1883, and the building dedicated March l-'!. 1884. It was the 
first meeting house in Xew England erected by .Swedish Methodists. 
Rev. C. .\. Cederburg came as pastor's assistant soon afterward in 1884. 

In 1885 seventy members left the church to form the new second 
church and Rev. C. A. Cederburg remained as pastor of the First 
Church, while Mr. Sorlin took charge of the new parish. (See .Second 
M. E. Church). ]\Ir. Cederburg was succeeded in 1887 by Rev. Alljert 
Hallen. The pastors since then have been Rev. \'ictor Witting. 1888- 
89 : Rev. K. R. Hartwig. Rev. Henr\- Emmanuel Whxnian. Xov. 18, 
1894, to 190:2: Rev. Francis O. Logren. 190-MO; Rev. Carl .\. Seaberg, 
1910-14: Rev. Andrew J. Lofgren. since 1914. 

The Sunday School was established at the beginning and F. O. 
Dahlquist was the first teacher. 

In 1882 the meeting house was reno\'ated and reconstructed in order 
to ])rovide more seating capacity, and again enlarged and rededicated 
December 17, 1893. The meeting house on Stebbins street was erected 
in 1900. and has been the place of worship since that time. 

A colony from the First Church organized the Second Swedish 
Methodist Church April 9, 1885, with a membership of 94. • includ- 
ing 29 probationers. Rev. Mr. D. S. Sorlin came from the First 
Church and was the first pastor of the Second. The first place of wor- 
ship was in the chapel on Thomas street, purchased of the First Church 
of Christ for $8,000. By two additions in 1887 and 1888 costing $13,400 
the seating capacitv was increased to more than 500. It was dedicated 
Sept. 27, 1885. 



36o HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Rev. Henry W. Eklund of Stockholm, Sweden, became pastor 
May 39, 1887, and served until 1893. During his pastorate, the member- 
ship increased from 134 to 400. Since then the pastors have been : Rev. 
Svante Svensson, 1893-5; Rev. Nels Eagle, 1895-1900; Rev. Charles A. 
Cederberg, 1900-1904; Rev. Henry \V. Ekulund, 1904-08; Rev. Herman 
Young, 1908-13; Rev. David K. Englund, since 1912. In January, 1917, 
the church purchased the Wetherell Estate" on Court Hill for $35,000.00. 
It is intended as a site for a modern edifice, to be built in the near future. 

The Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Emmanuel Church was organ- 
ized July 21, 1896. Rev. Frans A. Engstrand the first minister, came 
June G, 1897, and remained until 1914. Rev. C. William Carlson was pas- 
tor in 1914-15 and Rev. Carl B. Sandberg has been pastor since 1915. 
The church membership is 400 ; the .Sunday school enrollment 335. Otto 
Nelson is superintendent of the Sunday school. 

The meeting house at 16 Greenw-ood street was completed in 1898 
on a lot bought of Rev. Nelsenius in May 1897, and the church property 
is valued at $19,500. 

The original members of the Swedish Ev. Lutheran Church were: 
Mr. and Mrs. Carl G. Nelson, Carl A. Larson and wife Anna Maria, 
Johan A. M. Johnson and wife Maria Kajsa, Adolf Bengtson and wife 
Johanna, A. G. Johnson and wife Johanna Matilda, Emanuel Grahn and 
wife Maria Stina, Lars Werme, Carl F. Grahn, Anna Olovia Grahn and 
Elin Grahn. Deacons: Aron M. Johnson, Emanuel Grahn and Adolf 
Bengtson. Trustees : Carl G. Nelson, Lars Werme and Adolf Bengtson. 

The Ladies' Sewing Society raised the larger part of the building 
fund ; the rest was subscribed by members and friends. The building 
committee was appointed Feb. 19, 1898 : Rev. Franz A. Engstrand, Carl 
G. Nelson, Aron M. Johnson, August Nelson, Carl L. Sandstrom, Eman- 
uel Grahn and Carl J. Setter. Olof Z. Cervin of Rock Island, 111., was 
architect. Herman G. Haldey was the contractor and John A. Hed- 
strom, superintendent. The cornerstone was laid Sept. 18, 1898. 

The building seats 600 in the auditorium and 300 in the vestry. It 
is 45 by 80 feet, of Gothic style. 

The .Second Swedish Congregational Church, organized in 1894, 
has had its place of worship since then on Greenwood street. In 1895 
Anders P. Anderson was superintendent of the Sunday school. Rev. 
John R. Armstrong, the first pastor, served from 1895 until 1896. 
The pastors since then have been : Rev. John Udd, 1896-1901 ; Rev. 
Ludwig Akeson, 1901-06 ; Rev. O. G. Norseen, acting pastor, 1906 ; Rev. 
Nils J. Wessell, 1907-12; Rev. Carl J. Holm, 1912-16. The present pas- 
tor is John A. Hultman, who began his services 1916. The church installed 
a new pipe organ during 1916 for $3,335. It was dedicated the Sunday 
before Christmas, 1916. 

The Evangelical Lutheran Zion Church which is generally known 
as the Greendale Swedish Lutheran Church, is as yet the only Swedish 
church organization in the prosperous Greendale section. Conunenc- 
ing with a Sunday school started by the Mother Church of Luther- 
anism in Worcester, the present pastor organized the field into a Lu- 
theran Mission in July, 1914. A Ladies' Aid Society was formed August 
20th, and October 31st of that same year the Mission was organized into 
a local parish, with the organizer. Rev. C. Wm. Carlson, as permanent 
pastor. .Services and meetings were at first held in the Greendale Vil- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 361 

lage Improvement Society Hall. Steps were soon taken towards the 
erection of a proper house of worship. For this purpose the church 
organization bought a building site on the corner of W'hitmarsh avenue 
and Leeds street, June 1, 191.j. At a special business session October 
19, 1915, plans for the first church Inulding were decided upon, and at 
the annual business session, January 14, 191 0, it was decided to start 
building operations as soon as possible. Ground was broken June 1, 
1916, the corner-stone laid August (ith, and the building formally taken 
possession of October 20th. The parish celebrated its first divine ser- 
vice in its own church edifice Sunday. October 2'id. As yet only the 
basement floor has been finished ; the completion of the main auditorium 
will be left until some future date. The propert}' in its present condi- 
tion is valued at $7,500, and has an indebtedness of $2,800. The church 
membership has grown from 28 souls at the time of organization to 200 
at present, with a Sunday school of nearly 200 pupils. Besides the 
above mentioned organizations within the church, there is a Luther 
League for the young people, and the Helping Hand Sewing Circle for 
young girls. The present officers are: Rev. C. \Vm. Carlson, pastor; 
Gustaf A. Peterson, recording secretary; C. H. Styffe, treasurer; Aaron 
Lawson, financial secretary. 

St. Sigfrid's Protestant Episcopal Church was organized February 
18, 1893, by Rev. Fryxell, who came from Providence, R. L Services 
were held at first in St. John's Cluirch, afterward in Horticultural Hall. The 
first rector left at the end of a year, and was succeeded by Rev. Gott- 
frid Hammarskold, who served from Christmas, 1893, to March, 1894, 
when he was followed by Rev. J. Hugo Klaren. For a short time in 
1894 the congregation worshiped at All Saints Church, and is called 
a Mission in the directory until 1899, when it was dissolved. At that 
time Mr. Klaren was the rector. 

The Swedish-Finnish Congregational Church, organized in 1900, 
is located at Catherine and Stanton streets. Rev. Otto X. Lind is pas- 
tor (since 1914). Charles W. \\'icks and L'harles Johnson are superin- 
tendents of the Sunday school. 

Harlem Street Swedish Baptist Cluirch had its origin in the need 
of a place of worship in the section of which Harlem street is a center. 
A Sunday school was started February 18, 1893, in Milllnu"}" street 
school house, A. Julius Johnson, superintendent. In two years the 
membership grew from 35 to 125. Land was bought on Harlem street; 
the church was organized April 18, 18!*6. in the house at the corner of 
Harlem and Millbury streets, with a hundred members mostly from the 
old church. At a council of Baptist churches held in the chapel at 
Quinsigamond, April 30, 189(i, the new church was formally recognized. 
The meeting house was dedicated Nov. 8. 1896. The building com- 
mittee was: A. Julius Johnson, Gustaf Lundgren, C. Hanson. A. Carl- 
son, O. Johanson and Alf. Hjerpe. 

The first pastor. Rev. J. W. Lindstrom. came from the Swedish 
Baptist College at Morgan Park. 111., and after a year here went to 
Sweden for further study. Rev. C. \\'. Sundmark, who came from 
Nebraska, succeeded the first pastor, August 1, 1897, and the growth of 
the young church was so rapid that an assistant was employed. Miss 
Sophie B. Johnson, who also came from Nebraska. Rev. Nelson N. 
Morten was pastor after Mr. Sundmark, from 1900 to 1903 ; Rev. Axel 



362 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Tjernlund, 1903-1908; Rev. Oscar Shulenn, 1909-10; Rev. Engdahl, 
1912-10; Rev. Karl Karlson since 1916. 

In 1.898 the Sunday school had a membership of 32.5 and 2T teachers. 
Robert Fofstrom was choirmaster. Other societies organized in the 
cliurch immediately after its formation were : The Five Cents Society, 
the Sewing Society, the Singing Trohet Society, the Young People's 
Society (Emanuels Harj ; the Children's Societ}-. and the Star of Hope 
Society. 

The Swedish-Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Church, founded 1900. 
Pastor, 1918, Rev. Johannes Nystrom (See Finns). 

The Worcester Swedish Ministers Association has been in existence 
for a number of years. The officers of 191T are: Pres., Olof P. Peter- 
son; \'ice-Pres., Rev. .Andrew J. Lofgren ; Sec, Carl B. Sandberg ; 
Treas., Rev. C. William Carlson. 

Societies. — P"or man}' years The North Star Skantlinavian (Nordst- 
jernan) Benefit and Temperance Society has ranked as the oldest among 
the Swedish societies here. The first meeting was held March 6, 1880, 
with thirty-three present, and a week later a temperance society was 
formed, the charter members of which were : A. F. Holstrom, J. A. 
Cornell, J. F. Lofgren, J- W. Lundgren, C. J. Lundgren, Arvid Lindberg, 
A. Ekiund and A. W. Carlson. The first officers were elected April 24: 
Pres., Peter Carlson; Vice-Pres., A. F. Kolstrom ; Sec., J. F. Lofgren; 
Fin. Sec, Arvid Lindberg; Treas., J. A. Cornell. The society provided 
a sick benefit of $6 a week, and a $100 death benefit for men. The dues 
and benefits for women were half those of the male members. Dr. D. S. 
Ellis was the first physician. The meetings have been held in the 
Swedish Baptist Church, Millbury street. The present officers are : 
Pres., Olof G. Hedlund; Fin. Sec, John \'. Sohlberg; Treas., Carl E. 
Carlson; Sec, Fred Bjurstrom. 

The first Swedish organization in the city was started soon after 
the first pioneers came, and was called the Swedish .Singing Society. 
The members were G. Ahlstrom, John Jepjison. Philip J. Styft'e and O. 
Wennestrom. This quintette became a ])opular feature at concerts in 
this city and vicinity. 

In 1871 the Skandia Literary Society was organized, having a sick 
benefit society and a choir within the organization. Sven Palson was 
president; John Engstrom, secretary and treasurer. At the end of two 
3'ears it had a membership of seventy-five, Swedes and Norwegians. 
Soon afterward the Norwegians left in a body with a few Swedes and 
organized a similar society. 

Viking Council, Independent Order of Mystic Brothers, organized 
the same year as the Nordstjernan, in the summer of 1880, is a secret 
order originating in New York and Pennsylvania, .\ndrew P. Mattson 
was the founder of the local body. It was incorporated Feb. 26, 1881, 
and for a number of years was very strong. It made a fine showing in 
the parade Oct. 15, 1884, celebrating the bi-centennial of the city. After- 
ward it declined and in 18ST meetings were not held. At a meeting June 
7, 1889, steps were taken to reorganize the society by the following, who 
were present : Nils Eliason, Pehr Anderson, Olof Erlandson, Josef 
Nyberg, Nils Bengtson, Nils Nilson, Anders Erikson, Jons Nilson, C. J. 
Lundgren, Carl Hanson, August and John A. Petterson. Since then the 
organization has prospered. Dr. H. S. Knight was medical examiner 
many years. The society has provision for sick, death and funeral 
expenses of varying amounts; free medical attendance. In recent years 



AND ITS PEOPLE 363 



the meetings have been held at 19 Pearl street. The present recording sec- 
retary is Edward Perssons (lyiS). 

Svea Council, Independent Order of Mystic Brt;thers, has a mem- 
bership of women. It was organized March ".iS, IS'Jl, with fifteen mem- 
bers. Mrs. Emma M. Johnson was recdrding secretary^ 11)18. The first 
ofificers of Svea Council were: Anna .Sniitli, jires. ; Ida Persson, vice- 
pres. ; Emma Hanson, chaplain: Elizabeth Xilson, sec; ]Maria Eliason, 
treas. ; Nelly Persson, conductor. It makes pr<:)\'ision for sick and death 
benefits for members. The meetings were held at first at 'JS Front 
street. 

Massasoit Tribe, No. (3, Improved Order of Red Red, began under 
the name of the Heimdall Society Init \vhen the Massasoit Tribe was 
formed, April 27, 188T, fort}--six of the nld society became members and 
the Heimdall .Society was disbanded. The first meetings were held in 
the old post office building. Pearl street, later at 44 Front and 98 Front 
street. The first officers were: Prophet, Dean S. Ellis; Sachem, John 
G. Soderl)erg; Sr. Sagamore. H. N. (Jruji : Jr. Sagamore. Frans Liitt ; 
Chief of Records, Willis E. Sibley; minor officers — K. C. Lindstrom, C. 
J. Hult, Charles Brelin, John Clason, Adolf Hedengren, Arvid Johnson, 
A. W. Granquist, Peter Ostlin, Carol Loundiii. Carl W'arg, C. J. Auren, 
Joseph Hemans. John Fyrberg. Olof Sj_\ hulni. John Clason, i\rvid John- 
son, Gust. Ellstrom. This is a secret order with benefits for members 
(See hist, of secret societies). In 19bs. John W'ivagg was sachem; 
George B. Stone, Gustaf E. Lindberg, William Jacoby, also officers. 

The Svea Gille was organized Feb. •^8, J 888. by Charles Beck and 
others, and has been since that time one of the best known and most 
popular social organization in the cit}'. The first officers were : Charles 
Beck, pres. ; Gustaf Hook, vice-pres. ; .\.. Romborg, sec. ; Chrirles A. 
Johnson, treas.. and J. Berglund, auditcn\ .\t first the membership was 
limited to thirty, but that was changed afterward from time to time 
and in recent years the membership has been several hundred. 

In the Columbus parade, July 4, 1893. the Svea Gille attracted much 
attention with a float representing a viking ship. In the celebration of 
the semi-centennial of the city in 1898 the society had a flcjat represent- 
ing Ericsson's Monitor. 

The club house of the society is at the southeast end of Lake 
Quinsigamond. The foundations were laid with much cerenujny May 
30, 1894, and the house completed that year at a cost of $8,0U0. The 
society has fifteen acres of land. The house is one of the largest and 
best-equipped at the lake. In 189:]-4 the Svea Gille had a glee club. 
Within the organization since about 1S9T there has been a sick and 
death benefit society. The uptown rooms are at 34 Front street. The 
officers in 1918 were: Pres., Rudolph .Simdin : \'ice-Prests., John A. 
Hedstrom, Karl Fredin ; Fin. .Sec, .\dolf Henricksou ; Rec. Sec, Adolph 
E. Romborg: Cor. Sec. John R. .\. Tholander; Treas., Olof Nilson. 

.Swedish Gynniastic Club. — .\ meeting was called by C. W. Bildt, 
Carl Goldkuhl. John .\. Hedstrom and Eric Forsstedt to organize a 
Swedish Gymnastic Club, and sixty persons attended, Feb. 14, 1892, in 
the hall at 98 Front street. Carl Goldkuhl presided. The organization 
began with a membership of thirty. The first officers were: C. W. 
Bildt, pres.: Carl Goldkuhl. vice-pres.: Louis Holmberg, sec; Axel 
Jungmarker, treas.; T. B. Malmstedt. .\lbin Kasperson and P. Lunde- 
vall, directors. The society trained twice a week. John A. Hedstrom 
was the first leader; C. W. Bildt. second. The first e.xhibition was held 



364 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Feb. 23, 1893. A summer place was leased at the Lake, ^lay 30, 1893, 
and Dr. Verner gave furniture for the club house there. And exhibitions 
were given April 26, 1891, and the society had a float in the parade in 
June, 1894, a viking ship being the main feature. A notable exhibition, 
May 9, 1895, attracted a large audience. For a number of years this 
organization flourished, but other interests attracted the members and it 
finally disbanded. 

Swedish Cemetery Corporation. — Rev. Mr. Sorlin and J. Forsstedt 
were the prime movers to secure a Swedish Cemetery. The petition 
for incorporation was dated October 22, 1885. The organization was 
completed Nov. 21st by the election of the following ofiicers : Mauritz 
Johnson, sec; Gustaf Ellstrom, treas. ; Ludwig Petterson, collector; 
and these directors — Peter Carlson, pres. ; Mauritz Johnson, Gustaf 
Ellstrom, Petrus Borg, John Engstrem, A. Engelbrektson, Ludwig Pet- 
terson, F. O. Dahlquist and C. J. Lundgren. The society bought three 
acres of land of Henry H. Bigelow for $1,200, paying half the purchase 
price in cash. The land was on Webster street. The cemetery was 
dedicated and opened May 30, 188(5. Within ten years there had been 
1,368 burials there. Eric Landin was superintendent many years. Sub- 
sequently the cemetery was enlarged by purchase of adjoining land. 

The Lyran Singing Society was a double quartette famous in its 
da}'. It was organized in the fall of 1888, and was composed of Johan 
England and L. M. Ekstrand, first tenor; Axel Biicklin and P. 
Emil Anderson, second tenor: Gustaf Backlin and Emil Ander- 
son, first bass; Oscar Eklund and Edward Anderson, second bass. 
Changes took place from time to time, but some of the original members 
sang in the quartette for more than ten years. Rehearsals were held at 
first in the Swedish Baptist Church, then in a hall at 32 Front street and 
later in the First Swedish Lutheran Church. 

Brage Singing Society. — In response to a call issued by Sven E. 
Hanson and others, a meeting was held Dec. 3, 1893, to form a singing 
society to affiliate with the American Union of Swedish Singers. It 
was attended by fifteen ; Eric Forsstedt presided. The society was formed 
and the name adopted. ^Meetings for rehearsals were held in Red 
Men's Hall, Front street. Hjalmar Nilsson was the first leader. The 
first officers were : Erik Forsstedt, pres. ; Axel Tode, vice-pres. : Wil- 
liam Verner, sec: Hjalmar E. Franzen, treas., and N. S. Lind. vaktmas- 
ter. Forty attended and took part in the first rehearsal. 

The first festival, held Dec. 18, 1894, in [Mechanics Hall, on the 
occasion of the four-hundredth anniversary of the birth of Gustave 
Adolphus, was highly successful, the hall being crowded. A mixed choir 
of 123 voices sang at that time. In 1895 a Brages Woman's Club was 
formed within the society, but it existed only for a year or so. In the 
spring of 1895 the "Sangens \'anner" was organized within the society 
but soon disbanded. 

Rehearsals were held in Red Men's Hall'until the fall of 1895 when 
club rooms, donated by a friend, were opened at 13 Mechanic street. 
Later the society rehearsed in Svea Gille Hall, 418 Main street. In the 
fall of 1896 a concert was given in ^lechanics Hall, and Conrad Behrens, 
the noted soloist, took part. The second leader was Gustaf Bachlin, 
elected in January, 1897. The society affiliated with the .-Xmerican L^nion 
of Swedish .Singers, May 4, 1894, and sent delegates thereafter to meet- 
ings and festivals of the Union in various cities. 

The Swedish Engineers Society, though primaril}- intended as an 



AND ITS PEOPLE 365 



organization of men with technical school education, has been open to 
men of all occupations. It was organized at Hotel du Nord in April, 
1891. By-laws were adopted April lath by eleven members, all natives 
of Sweden. The first officers were : C. \V. Bildt, pres. ; A. F. Backlin, 
vice-pres. ; lljalmar Nilsson. sec; and other officers — Wilhelm Back- 
strom, Karl Jansson, Rudolf Sundin, Gustaf Odquist and Thure Larson. 
Fifty took part in the banquet on the twenty-fifth Inrthday of King Oscar 
II. The society has an excellent library. The officers in I'JIS were: 
Rudolph Sundin, pres. ; Gustaf Stenberg, vice-pres. ; Eric O. Granberg, 
sec; JNIauritz Johnson, treas. The place of meeting is 6 Walnut street. 
Skandia Sick Benefit Society (Hundramann), was organized March 
1, 1890, in the Thomas Street Church. Nils Nilson presided at the first 
meeting. It has provision for sick benefits, and membership is open to 
both men and women. There were 53 charter members. The first 
officers were : Nils Nilson, pres. ; O. Henderson, vice-pres. ; C. W. 
Sund, sec; John F. Lundberg, treas. The society meets in the Thomas 
Street Church. The officers in 1918 were: Pres., John E. Jacobson; 
Vice-Pres., Carl H. Ribb ; Rec Sec, Karl E. Ericson ; Fin. Sec, John 
A. Forsberg; Treas., Andrew P. Carlson. 

I. O. G. T. Camp Association. — The Swedish temperance organiza- 
tions have been strong here, especially the Good Templars (See Temper- 
ance Societies). An I. O. G. T. Camp Association had a summer camp 
at Lake Quinsigamond several years, renting for the purpose the old 
Natural History Camp. 

Ankaret Lodge No. 15, 1. O. G. T., the first organized by the Swed- 
ish people, was instituted Oct. 11, 189.">, in Red Alen's Hall, by C. F. Ly- 
beck, of this city, with fifteen charter members. He was later the first 
chief of the Eastern Grand Lodge of Massachusetts. He was born in Hal- 
lefors, Vestmanland, Sweden, Dec. 11, 1863; came to this country when 
18 years old in 1881 ; worked five years in the Washburn & Moen wire 
mills ; started the grocery firm, Lundberg & Lybeck ; was later a travel- 
ing salesman ; finally in business, having a laundry on Carroll street, 
later located on Belmont street; was one of the owners of "Foster- 
landet" (See Swedish newspapers). He was a very earnest temperance 
leader; a lifelong total abstainer. 

In January, 188-1, he started the Stjernan Lodge of the Templar 
Order, and was its first secretary. He organized Monitor Lodge, I. O. 
G. T., Dec. 19, 1891, the third Swedish lodge of this order in the State ; 
in 1892 was a member of the Grand Lodge ; in 1895 of the International 
Grand Lodge ; 1892 and 1896 delegate to the Grand Lodge. He was widely 
known as a temperance speaker throughout the eastern part of the 
country. He was elected chief of the Scandinavian Grand Lodge, May 
10, 1896. A monument was dedicated in his memorj^ in the Swedish 
Cemetery, May 30, 1918, by the I. O. G. T. lodges of the city. 

Though some of the older lodges have disbanded, there are in 1918 
four strong lodges in this city, of Swedish membership : Union Lodge ; 
Quinsigamond Val Lodge, No. 1; Eagle Lodge, No. 4; Kampen Lodge, 
No. 15; Morgonstjarran Lodge, No. 16; Varblommen Lodge. 

Th£ First Swedish Ladies' Society was organized in 1898. It is a 
sick benefit, social and charitable organization. The first officers were: 
Mrs. J. P. Hakanson, pres.; Mrs. Adolf W. Grandquist, vice-pres.; Mrs. 
Leonard Svanstrom, sec. ; Mrs. C. J. Hult, treas. ; Mrs. Ann Erikson, 
fin. sec. In 1918 the officers were: Mrs. Christina Swanstrom, pres.; 



366 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Mrs. Anna Blomberg. vice-pres. : Mrs. Charlotte Fingall, sec; ]\Irs. 
Louise Svenson, treas. The meetings are held at 274 Main street. 

The Egalite Club was organized January 7, 1898, for social pur- 
poses by G. T. Lindstrom : a singing and theatrical club within the 
society was organized three weeks later. Rehearsals were led by Joel 
Stang; Liter by Axel Franckes, instructor. Meetings were held at 121 
Eastern avenue, later at 274 Main street, weekly. The club continued 
for several years. The tirst officers were: Anna Cronhjelm-Wallberg, 
pres. ; John Bergquist, sec; C. J. Linderholm, fin. sec, and Gustaf 
Johnson, treas. 

Neptune Singing .Society was organized in the fall of 1893 by eleven 
members of Quinsigamond \'al Lodge, L O. G. T. Axel Tjellander was 
the first leader, succeeded in 1896 by Emil Johnson, later by Joel Stang 
and Avel Franckes. Rehearsals were held in the music rooms at 274 
Main street. The first officers were : Emil Erikson, pres. ; Carl Berg- 
gren, vice-pres.; Wilhelm Brander, sec; Wilhelm Gogelberg, treas. 

Court Engelbrekt Lodge, No. 13, Foresters of America (now inde- 
pendent and known as the Engelbrekt Society), was organized April 27, 
1897, with 76 new members and four from other lodges. The first 
officers were: C. R., C. H. Stenman ; S. C. R., Gustaf E. Johnson; other 
officers being John Hammarstrom, Axel L. Hanson, Andrew M. Hjort, 
C. J. Sohlstrom, John M. Svenson, Oscar Person, Carl Lindstrom, and 
Jens F. Nielson ; trustees — Christian Nelson, O. R. Brandt and August 
Segersten. The officers in 1918 were; Pres., Herman Carlson; Cor. 
Sec, William Parsons ; Fin. Sec, Antipas Johnson ; Treas., Oscar Per- 
son. The meetings are held at 554 IMain street. 

Winnimissee Council. Daughters of Pocohontas, was affiliated with 
the Improved Order of Red Men, and membership open to both men and 
women. The council was formed Feb. 23, 1892, with 23 members. The 
first officers were ; Prophetess, Mrs. Hjalmar Franzen ; Pocohontas, 
Mrs. Carrie Devereaux ; Wenona, Miss Tillie Hakanson and the others 
were; C. Herbert Day, Anna Hult, Anna M. M. Christenson, Amanda 
Erickson, J. F. Nielson, Hulda Hakanson, Herbert N. Lemoine, A. Grun- ' 
ditz, J. E. Johnson, L. C. Anderson, Carl Goodmanson, E. Peterson, 
Carl T. Berg, Helga Sundstrom, Mathilda Olsen. \'ictor Ekman, Mrs. 
Staple, Bertha Otterstad. Albertina Svenson. 

Viking Cycle Club. — During the height of the popularity of the 
bicycle, a very flourishing club existed, known as the \Mking Cycle Club, 
organized in September, 1894, and having rooms at 62 Lincoln street. 

The Scandinavian Political Club was organized in 1877, and had 
an existence of about five years. In 1881 the officers were ; Pres., Iver 
Johnson ; Sec, C. W. Ekblad ; Treas., John Wannerstrom. 

Relief and Charitable Organizations. — At the time of the disastrous 
fires at Sundsvall and L'mea, .Sweden, 1888. a mass meeting was held in 
the Lutheran Church, July 15. 1888, and a committee of twelve appointed 
to raise money for the relief fund, viz. : J. Forsstedt, Hans Trulson, 
S. E. Hanson,' Arvid Johnson, J. F. Lundberg, F. O. Dahlquist, S. G. 
Larson, Eric Nilson, P. A. Hjelm, H. W. Eklund, A. Hallen and Charles 
R. Frodigh. The sum of $988.28 was subscribed by the Swedish people 
of the city and vicinitv and sent to Count Gustaf Loggias, Stockholm, 
Sept. 26. 1888. 

During the hard times in 1893, a mass meeting was held in the 
Lutheran Church, October 8. 1893. G. Fosstedt presided, and Axel 
Tode was secretary. A committee of fifty, of whom fifteen were women, 



AND ITS PEOPLE 367 

was appointed to raise funds and otherwise provide for those out of 
work and those in want. The city was chvided in districts in charge of 
sub-connnittees. The Swedish churches and societies united in holding 
a bazaar Xov. !l-ll, ]8;);i, and the sum of $-^,001.!I.j was reahzed. By 
January. 1,S!)J, about $3,000 had been raised. Mr. Forsstedt resigned as 
president, i'V-b. •>, ],s:i4, and was succeeded by C. W. I'iidt. In June. 
18!l|, the organization, which was known as the Swedish Charitable 
Society, disl)anded. though for a time tlu' work of ;iiding .Swedish fam- 
ilies in temporary need was continued liy the women of this societv. .\ 
concert was given to raise funds, in Plymouth Church. June 26, 1894. 
The total amount raised by this organizaticni was $4,94i».G!_). 

The Swedes in this country supported the movement to raise a fund 
in honor of the twenty-lifth birthday of Oscar II, as suggested by the 
national legislature of Sweden. .\ meeting was held in Salem Street 
Church, attended by sixty, and a committee appointed. The sum of 
$'.'l's!.t)4 was sent to the King Oscar Jubilee Committee, May .5, 1S9T. 

The Skandia Credit Union was incorporated September 23, 191.5. 
The object of the Corporation is to promote thrift among its members 
by giving them an opportunity to save money, and to obtain loans at 
moderate rates for [)urposes which promise to be of benefit to the 
borrower. 

The spirit of the association is co-operative. It is one of the largest 
credit unions in the country, having 1.700 members, a gain of 433 in 1917. 
Membership in this corporation is limited to residents of Worcester 
county. Loans amounting to $1.30.000 or more are made annually. 
Officers: President, Geo. X. Jeppson ; Treasurer. Nils Biork; Secre- 
tary. Carl B. Benson; Directors, Andrew Arvidson. Carl B. Benson, .A.ug. 
M. Berg, Nils Bjork, Geo. X. Jepjison. Chas. O. Johnson. S. Gustaf 
Johnson. John Johnson. John Linne, Chas. E. Mattson. Eniil T. Rolander, 
Eric G. Sundeen, Rudolf Sundin, Martin Swanson, William Werme, 
Dr. John G. Perman : Credit Committee, John Borg, William 
Forsberg, P. Joel Styfte ; Supervisory Committee. Albert Erickson. Dr. 
F. Julius Quist. Dr. Oscar S. Svenson ; .\ttorney for Corporation, Vic- 
tor E. Runo ; Appraiser, Lars M. Petterson. 

Swedish Social Organizations. — The Aurora Society was instituted in 
1909. It is a Social organization meeting fortnighth'. The present 
officers are: Pres.. ]\Irs. Johanna Cederlund ; Rec. .Sec, Mrs. Anna 
Peterson; Treas., Mrs. Huldah Reynolds. 

The Daughters of the Xorth. The officers in 1917 : Pres., Anna 
Karlson : Rec. Sec. Anna Johnson. 31 Granite St.; Fin. Sec, Mrs. 
Maria Bjorkman : Treas.. Mrs. Lovisa Holt. Meetings are held twice 
a month. The officers are: Mrs. Charlotta Sundstrom, president, being 
elected to that office last July and re-elected in December, after having 
been the popular recording secretary seven years; \'ice-President, Mrs. 
Hilda Johnson; Financial Secretary, Mrs. Maria Biorkman; Treasurer, 
Mrs. Louisa Htdt; Recording Secretary, Mrs. Anna Johnson: Assistant, 
Mrs. Elizabeth Nelson ; Chaplain, Mrs. Anna Anderson ; Inner Guard, 
Mrs. Anna Walstedt ; Outer Guard, Mrs. Josephine Olson. 

The past presidents are: Mrs. Hilma Johnson, Mrs. Lina Benson, 
Mrs. Augusta Skogstrom, Mrs. Louisa Hult. Mrs. LHrika Nelson, Mrs. 
Maria Johnson, Mrs. IMathilda Bratt, Mrs. Jennie Lindstrom, Mrs. Anna 
Karlson and Mrs. Mathilda Hultberg. 

First .Swedish Ladies' Society. Present officers: Sec, Mrs. Char- 
lotte Fingall, 94 Fraternal avenue; Treas., Mrs. Louise Svenson. 



368 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Hoganas Society meets monthly in the Village Hall, Greendale. 
Present officers: Pres., John Westerholm ; Vice-Pres., Peter Olson; 
Rec. Sec, Oscar Erlandson ; Treas., Carl Bengtson. 

Order of Henrik W'ergeland. Officers: Pres., Andrew Rastad; 
Vice-Pres., Mrs. Charlotta Larsen ; Treas., Arthur Larsen ; Fin. Sec, 
John Lier; Rec. Sec, Peter Bohn. 

Order of Vasa, John Ericsson Lodge, No. 25, organized 1900. Of- 
ficers in 1917: Pres., John Douhan.; Rec. Sec, Pehr R. Meyer; Treas., 
Charles G. Rolander. Meets in Red Men's Hall. 

Order of Vasa, Ragnar Lodge, No. 10, was instituted April 2, 1898, 
in Red Men's Hall, 9t5 Front street at a meeting attended by fifty per- 
sons, twenty-five of whom became members. The first officers were: 
Pres., Eric G. Sunden ; Vice-Pres., Hjalmar E. Franzen ; Sec, John P. 
Holmgren; Fin. Sec, M. L. Nordberg; Treas., Peter Carlson; Master 
of Ceremonies, Louis C. Anderson ; Past Pres., Iver Anderson ; Inner 
Guard, Oscar W. Johnson ; Outer Guard, Carl Strandberg. 

Order of Vasa, Flora Lodge, organized in 1899. Officers in 1917: 
Pres., Mrs. Ida Holmgren ; Fin. Sec, Mrs. Emma Johnson ; Rec. Sec, 
Mrs. Edward Johnson ; Treas., Mrs. Carl A. Eckstrom. 

Order of Vasa, Victoria Lodge, Present officers : Sec, Mrs. Anna 
C. Anderson ; Treas., Mrs. Christine Anderson. 

Scandinavian Fraternity of America, Lodge Carl XV, No. 45. The 
present officers are : Pres., Ernest I. Anderson ; Vice-Pres., Oscar Ol- 
son; Fin. Sec, Albert T. Svenson; Rec. Sec, Andrew Johnson; Treas., 
J. Albert Erikson. Meets at 19 Pearl street. 

Scandinavian Fraternity of America, Queen Louisa Lodge. Pres., 
Mrs. Anna C. Anderson ; Vice-Pres., Mrs. Ingeborg Johnson ; Rec. 
Sec, Mrs. Louisa Lundberg; Fin. Sec, Mrs. Hedvig Kindgren ; Treas., 
Mrs. Anna Lidstrom. Meets at 19 Pearl street. 

Scandinavian Fraternity of America, Gustav V. Lodge, No. 118. 
Sec, Frank G. Lundquist; Fin. Sec, Eric Erickson; Treas., John F. 
Petterson. Meets at 3 Ekman street. 

Scandinavian Fraternity of America, Progress Lodge, No. 129. Of- 
ficers in 1917: Pres., Oscar Wendt; Vice-Pres., Nils Ebbeson ; Rec. 
Sec, Arthur T. Swenson ; Fin. Sec, Bernard Green; Treas., Peter Swen- 
son. Meets in Village Hall, Greendale. 

Scandinavian Fraternity of America, Karnan Lodge, No. 147. Of- 
ficers in 1917: Pres., Mrs. Emelia Brown; Treas., Mrs. Christine Paul- 
son; Rec. Sec, Mrs. Maria Christenson. Meets in Village Hall, Green- 
dale. 

Scandinavian Fraternity of America, Vorblomman Lodge, No. 150. 
Officers: Pres., Mrs. Anna Hjelm ; Sec, Mrs. Anna Anderson; Treas., 
Mrs. Carolina Wicklund. Meets at 3 Ekman street. 

Swedish-American Club of Ward Two. Present officers : Pres., 
Ernest Frodigh ; Vice-Pres., Oscar G. Norseen ; Treas., Richard Ander- 
son ; Sec, Karl E. Erickson ; Fin. Sec, John E. Bjorkman. Meetings 
are held in the First Swedish Baptist Church. 

Swedish National Federation, organized 1911. An account of the 
summer festival of this society shows its importance. Its membership 
includes a large proportion of the leading Swedish citizens. The officers 
of 1917 are: Pres., Emil T. Rolander; Vice-Pres., Axel Rosenlund; 
Sec, Ruben Heidenblad ; Treas., Carl B. Benson. 

Viking Guards, organized 1909. Present officers: Capt. Erick R. 
Johnson; First Lt., Carl F. Benson; Second Lt., George H. Nelson; 



AND ITS PEOPLE 369 



Rec. Sec, Conrad (31son ; Treas., Carl H. Ancil. Company drills at 35 
Pearl street. 

Worcester Swedish Charitable Association, Inc., was organized in 
1900, incorporated 1904. The officers of l!>i; are: Pres., William 
Backstrom : \ice-Pres., Ernest Thompson ; Rec. Sec, Reuben Heiden- 
blad ; Treas., Albert Erickson. 

The Massachusetts Swedish-Republican Club has been a factor in 
State politics. The officers at present are: Pres., George N. Jeppson; 
Sec, Arthur E. Xelson of Worcester. 

Swedish Newspapers. — Svea, the only Swedish newspaper published 
in the New England States, was founded by Hans Trulson in 189T. It 
was tirst published as a monthly and later semi-monthly, eventually 
turning to a weekly newspaper. The newspaper was a costly propo- 
sition at tirst, but gradually it was placed on a secure tinancial basis, 
attaining a circulation wherever Swedish readers were living. Today 
the Svea is read in almost every Swedish speaking home in Worcester 
and Worcester county. 

April 1st, 1918, the Svea bought out the Swedish News of Boston, 
and which was consolidated with the Svea. Three times the Svea plant 
has been destroyecf by fire, and each time survived with added strength. 
After the last fire, April 4, 1918, which completely destroyed its mechan- 
ical department, the Svea found itself without a home. In looking about 
for a new home, the Svea decided to make an offer to buy the Skandi- 
navia, the oldest Swedish paper in the east, and all its equipment, at 311 
Main street. The ott'er was accepted, and May 1st, 1918, the Skandinavia 
was purchased and consolidated with the Svea, thus giving the Svea 
the largest circulation of any Swedish newspaper in the East. 

The Svea is a 16-page, 8-coIumn paper. In politics it is Republican. 
The Svea now enjoys the distinction of being the largest Swedish news- 
paper in the country. Since the death of Francis Trulson, who managed 
the paper for a number of years, and subsequently the death of its 
founder, Hans Trulson, the Svea has been managed by Anton H. Trul- 
son. The advertisement department is managed by John P. Holmgren, 
and its editorial staff is composed of Karl G. F"redin, J. A. Gustafson, and 
O. G. Norseen. The business was incorporated in 1908, the stock being 
owned by the Trulson family. Besides the publishing of the Svea, the 
company maintains an up-to-date job printing department. The Svea's 
new home at 311 Main street is an up-to-date newspaper plant, having 
the facilities of a daily newspaper. 

The Skandinavia was founded in ISSG, the first number Ijeing pub- 
lished under the name of Worcester Weckoblad, August -21, 188(5. It 
had then only four pages, each seven columns; finally it had 1(5 to 20 
pages, eight "columns each. Gustaf Hamberg was the first editor, and 
Eric Knutson was the first manager as well as the original founder 
of the paper. J. Forstedt and Helge Sandberg were among the first 
editors. Through the efforts of Eric Knutson (See biog.) the paper was 
given a firm base and quickly developed. November 18, 1887, the name 
of the paper was changed to Skandinavia. and under this name the paper 
afterward iniblished. In October, 1890. the Swedish Publishing Co., 
which published the Skandinavia, was incorporated. A few years later 
the companv was able to declare a dividend of 10 per cent. The 
Skandinavia'had in 1918 the largest circulation in its history, about 19,000 
copies. It had its own composing room with two linotypes and a large 
supplv of tvpe of all kinds for ad-setting, a stereotyping-department with 

VV^— 1--'4. 



3/0 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

modern machinery and a large Hoe printing press, capable of turning 
out 11,000 copies an hour. It was a seven-column, twenty-page paper. 
In politics it was Republican. 

The editor was J. A. Gustafson. Mrs. Lina Knutson, widow of the 
founder of the paper, Eric Knutson, was the president and treasurer of 
the Swedish Publishing Co. until the business was sold in April, 1918, to 
the Svea Pub. Co. 

Nord-Ostern was published in 1884-85, by John Berg, manager. 

Fosterlandet, a weekly, in 1888-89 at iGO Main street by the North- 
ern Pub. Co. ; in 1889-90 at 9 Carlton street. 

Dundret. 1894-95, by A. G. Stenberg, 311 Main street. 

Blixten, 1894-95, by A. G. Stenberg, 311 Main street. 

Swedish Herald, monthly, a church paper, 1894-5. 

Ostra Sande Budet, a weekly, 1895-96 at 34 Front street. 

Ostra Vecko-Posten, a weekly, 1895-96 at 34 Front street. 

Ostra Vecko-Poston, a weekly, 1895-96 at 34 Front street. 

Krykotidningen, a monthly, by J. Hugo Klaren, 245 Main street and 
%0y2 Bowdoin, 1896-98. 

Arbetarens Van, a weekly, by John F. Lundberg, 245 Main street 
and 2 Allen Court, 1896-98. 

Gladt Humor, a monthly, by Charles .Sjoquist, 561 Main street, 
1896-97. 

Nya Faderneslandet, weekly, 1898-1901, by John F. Lundberg, 2 
Allen Court. 

Skandinaviske Missionaren, a monthly, by C. Peterson, editor, 8 
Wachusetts street, 1903-3; 2 Linwood street, 1903-06; 21 Orchard street, 
1906-7. 

Scandinavian Directory. 1904, by Thure Hanson, 125 Eastern avenue. 

Forsamlings-Iosten, a monthly, Churchorgan, edited by Rev. C. 
W. Anderson, 2T4 Main street, from 1905 to 1908. 

Missionaren, a monthly, bv F. A. Angstrand. 2T4 IMain street, 
1906-08. 

Hvita Bandet, a luonthly, by Christen Peterson. 30 Central avenue, 
1908-16. Since 1912, offices at 30 Rockdale street. 

Reformation, monthly, Theo. Osberg, editor, 1907-8; John L. 
Youngberg, 100 Commercial street, 1908-9; Hjalmar Nordstrom, 1909-10. 

I. Osterns Weckoblad, published by the New Eastern Weekly Pub. 
Co. since 1896, is a weekly independent news medium and organ of the 
Swedish-speaking churches in Worcester and New England. Its editor 
is Oscar G. Norseen. It is an eight-page, six-colunm paper. 

Syrians. — From time immemorial the Syrians have been traders and 
makers of rugs. Those who have come to this city are mainly engaged 
in trade. Their number is not large, but may amount to several hun- 
dred. Like the Lithuanians, their language is so radically different from 
English that their progress is slower than many other races. 

For a number of years the Syrians have maintained a school for the 
instruction of their children in their own language and religion in the 
basement of St. George's orthodox church on Dungarven Hill. The 
Arabic children attend this school after the session of the public school 
is over. Many of the Syrians live in this vicinity. The Syrians of the 
city are frugal and prosperous, as the officers of all the savings banks 



AND ]rs PEOPLE 37i 



and the hankers wht) transmit money to foreign lands, have ample 
evidence. 

Welsh. — St. David's Society appears to be the only organization of 
Welsh people in the city. It was founded in I'Jll ; meets at the homes 
of meml.)crs. In IDIT the officers were: William Morgan, pres. ; Rena 
Richards, vice-jires. ; Thomas T. Jones, 15 Piedmont street, sec; Almour 
B. Llewellyn, sec; William H. Thomas, treas. 



CHAPTER XII 
The Negroes 

Slavery furnished the greatest prolileni of American politics to the 
time of the Emancipation Proclamation. The banking system, the tariff, 
the paper monev. the Know-nothing issue, the Free Masonry issue, the 
temperance question, the anti-Catlu.lic or A. P. A. movement, and 
others have never caused such intensity of feeling as that engendered 
by human slavery as a political issue. 

In the history of Worcester, there is much to record about the anti- 
slavery movement, but little to say of slavery itself. In the seventeenth 
century there were negro slaves in this town. The most important fam- 
ily, the Chandlers, had a few negro slaves and some other families such 
as the Walkers, Putnam s. Paines that supported large establishments 
and lived in the style befitting their wealth and social standing, also 
owned slaves. There were from an early day free negroes here. One was 
among the grantees of the town ("Will, a mulatto"); another was in 
Capt. Timothy Bigelow's company of minutemen that marched on April 
19, 1715. to Lexington. A few of the colored families are mentioned 
in the chapter on Early .Settlers. . (See Anti-Slavery). 

In 1828 a separate school for colored children, called the African 
School, was established here. In 182!) there were four negroes living 
here: On Summer street, Jonas Brooks, Widow Powers, (a famous 
cook), Peter Rich Sr.. and Peter Rich Jr. Others lived outside the 
village. 

Churches. — John Street Baptist Church (formerly Mt. Olivet), grew 
out of the mission for colored peojile. founded by the Pleasant Street 
Baptist Church, established as a church in February. 188."). under the 
name of ]Mount Olivet Baptist Church. Rev. Henry F. Lane, who had 
charge of the mission, was succeeded by Rev. Charles Simmonds. The 
place of worship was at :'>2 Front street and other halls for a time. In 
September. ]88(i. Rev. Hiram Conway preached his first sermon, and 
he continued to supply the pulpit until :\larch, 1887. when he was 
ordained by a council of the churches of the county in the Pleasant 
Street Church on the site of the [^resent theatre. Since then he has 
been the pastor. In June, 1887, a lot on John street was bought, and an 
old tenement house remodeled for a meeting house, seating about sev- 
entv-five. At this time the present name was adopted. The present 
church was erected in 1891. 

Rev. Hiram Conway was born in Northumberland, Va., .\pril 11, 
1851 ; graduated from Richmond Institute. May, 1886. He married here, 
April 19, 1892, Miss Montgomery, who was born in Columbus, N. C, and 
died there. 



374 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

African Methodist Zion Church had its birth in 1846. The first 
place of worship was in the Centenary Chapel, built on Exchange street 
in 1840, and later owned by the Zion Church. It was dedicated by the 
church in 1846. Rev. Alexander Posey, the first pastor, was succeeded 
in 1849 by Rev. Levin Smith. Rev. J. A. Mars was third pastor. In 
1801 the church occupied the present meeting house on Belmont street, 
at the corner of Hanover street, moving from 86 Exchange. The pas- 
tors since 1883 have been: Rev. Frank K. Bird, 1883-6; Rev. E. George 
Biddle, 1886-9; Rev. George H. Bell, 1889-91; Rev. J. F. Waters, 1892- 
95; Rev. J. Sulla Cooper, 1895-7; Rev. Louis H. Taylor, 1897-98; Rev. 
Willaim H. Cofifey, 1898-1902; Rev. J. Francis Lee, 1902-04; Rev. Ben- 
jamin W. Swain, 1904-08; Rev. Andrew J. McCullum, 1908-09; Rev. 
William H. Davenport, 1909-10; Rev. John D. Nichols, 1910-11; Rev. 
E. George Biddle, 1911-13; Rev. William Thomas Beck, 1913-14; Rev. 
Sidney Louis Smith, 1914-6; Rev. Isaac N. Walters, since 1916. 

African Methodist Episcopal Bethel Church was organized in the 
summer of 1867, in the old Lincoln House Hall with a membership of 
fourteen. Dr. Brown was the leader in charge until a pastor was 
assigned. The first pastor. Rev. Joshua Hale, served two years. After- 
ward the pastors were: Rev. Mr. Johnson, Rev. James Madison, Rev. 
Perry Sanford, Rev. Ebenezer Williams, Rev. Jeremiah B. Hill, Rev. 
Joseph Taylor, Rev. Elijah P. Greenage, Rev. D. A. Porter, Rev. Charles 
Ackworth, Rev. Mr. Grandy, Rev. A. W. Whaley, Rev. Mr. Thomas, 
Rev. G. B. Lynch; Rev. Frank K. Bird, 1883-6; Rev. J. B. Stephens, 
1887-9; Rev. Elijah P. Greenige, 1890-91; Rev. Antrim Lee, 1894; Rev. 
T. J. Hayslett, 1896; Rev. J. D. Jacobs, 1896-98; Rev. W'illiam B. Pear- 
son, 1898-1903; Rev. William B. Perry, 190:3-07; Rev. Samuel H. B. 
Gambs, 1907-09; Rev. Robert F. Burley, 1909-10; Rev. Henry M. 
Shields, 1910-11; Rev. Alexander Q. Norton, 1911-12; Rev. Junius C. 
Ayer, 1912 — , the present pastor. For a number of years the place of 
worship was at the corner of Hanover and Laurel streets. From 1887 
the church worshiped at 302 Main street, and afterward at 343 and 369 
Park avenue. From 1908 to 1913 the place of worship was 274 Main 
street, and since then in the meeting house at 64 Parker street. 



CHAPTER XIII 
The Town and County Government — The Town of Worcester, 1722-1848 

The course of events in the town of W'orcestcr was much tlie same 
as in other towns. The part borne by this town in the French and Indian 
Wars and the Revokition is related under Military History. An account 
of the streets and other municipal improvements undertaken from time 
to time is given in its proper place in this work. At first the town's 
chief expense was the support of the church (the Old South), the 
keeping of the peace and enforcement of the laws made by the General 
Court, and the regulations voted at the town meetings. The select- 
men administered the affairs of the town ; the constables performed 
what little police duty was needed and collected the taxes that the 
assessors levied. There were sealers of weights and measurers of 
wood, sometimes of leather; hogreeves to see that hogs wore devices 
about their necks to prevent them from entering the gardens, which 
were fenced. From time to time other duties came to these and other 
town offices. Municipal government developed here as elsewhere, 
slowly, and according to the needs of the community. 

The town meetings were held in the meeting house (old South 
Church) until the church and town affairs were finally separated by law, 
after other denominations had formed societies, built churches, and 
objected to paying for the support of the Congregational church. 

Worcester was originally a tract of eight miles square, containing 
about 42,000 acres. Of this territory, a section five miles wide was 
taken when Holden was incorporated, and 2,250 acres when Auburn was 
fotmded. Common lands were annexed to the town of Worcester in 
1T43 and 1T85; part of Leicester was taken in 1T5S; the Oxford Gore 
was annexed June 14, IT'So ; and the Grafton Gore, March 22, 1838. 

The North Precinct — the Town of Holden. — Lincoln describes the 
North Precinct as follows: 

The plantation of Quinsigamond, as originally granted and surveyed, extended 
nearly twelve miles from north to south, and six miles from east to west^. It was 
designed to include within the boundaries established, the same quantity of land 
which would have been comprehended in a tract eight miles square. Extreme liber- 
ality of admeasurement greatly enlarged the proposed area. In 1684 it was directed 
that the whole township should be divided into 480 lots, 200 to be set off adjoining the 
northern boundary. A line was drawn, corresponding with this arrangement, separat- 
ing the town. The north part of the lots long remained unoccupied. In 1722, a 
meeting of the owners, holding as tenants in common, was convened by the warrant 
of Stephen Minot, Esq., and a distinct proprietary erected, called North Worcester. 



'The petitioners were, John Barber, Thomas Richardson. Daniel Boyden, Jonas Wood- 
ard, Ephraim Curtis, Jabez Totman, Matthias Rice, Timothy Green, 



3/6 HISTORY Of WORCESTER 

It was determined to make partition of the lands; surveys were commenced in 1724; 
tracts were reserved for public uses; and grants to settlers registered. It was pro- 
vided, that Col. Adam Winthrop, 'for his good services done the town, shall have 
the first pitch.' The planters, in 1730, were exempted from town rates in the south 
part, for seven years, on condition of making and maintaining their own highways. 
The town voted, in 1740, to consent to the incorporation, 'if it be the pleasure of the 
Great and General Court, in consideration of the great distance from the place of pub- 
lic worship.' 

An act of the Legislature, giving corporate power.s, passed Tan. 9, 1 740-1. and 
North Worcester liecame a town, by the name of Holden, in honor of the Hon. 
Samuel Holden, a director of the Bank of England, whose elevated character and 
beneficent exertions to promote the interests of literature and religion, well merited 
the token of respectful and grateful recollection. The first town meeting was held, 
May 4, 1741. 

Between Worcester and that part <■! Sutton now Grafton, a tract of land inter- 
vened, called the Country Gore, beyond the jurisdiction of either municipality. The 
owners and inhabitants of tliis territory petitioned to be annexed to Worcester. It 
W'as voted, March 3, 1743. 'that the town cheerfully accept of this offer, and pray they 
be joined to, and for the future be accounted as a part of the town of Worcester, to 
do duty and enjoy equal privileges with us, if it may be consistent with the wisdom 
of the Great and General Court to grant their request.' A resolve of Massachusetts, 
April 5. 1743, united the petitioners and their estates to this town. 

I'Ik- history of the town of Holden has been written. While some 
of the early settlers of this town, whose farms were set off in the town 
of Holden, have been mentioned in the account of the Earh' Settlers in 
another chajjter, the North Precinct history ends properly with 11 40. 
The first town meeting in Holden was held May 4, 1T41. 

(See \"ol. 2, 1). l(l4o. Acts and Resolves of the Province of Alass. 
Bay). 

The Country Gore. — The history of the Country Ciore is properly a 
part of the history of this town from its first settlement. (See Early 
Settlers). 

The South Parish, the Town of Ward (Auburn). — A jirecinct called 
the South Parish of Worcester, extending three miles into this town, 
three into C)xford and three into Leicester, measured frotn the meeting 
house along the main thoroughfares to these towns, was established June 
23, 17T:J, incor])orated as a town. April 10. 1TT8, and named for Gen. Arte- 
mas Ward. Worcester lost at this time about thirty families. (See 
Kurd's Hist, of Worcester County). The boundaries of the South 
Parish and the town were, however, not exactly identical, and some 
Worcester men \\ere left within the parish, but outside the town of 
Ward. 4"he following were allowed to remain citizens of the towns 
in which they had formerh' been voters and taxpayers until in writing 
they expressed their wish to become citizens of Ward : Samuel Curtis, 
Mary Bigelow, William Elder. Daniel Bigelow, John Elder, Jonathan 
Fiske, Benjamin Chapin, Eli Chapin. Joseph Clark, Moses Bancroft. 
In 1826 Thaddeus Chapin and ten others petitioned the legislature to 
restore the territory in which their property was located, to the town 



AND ITS PEOPLE 




XOBILri^' HILL. 




OLD MAIN STREET VIEW TAKEN ABOUT 1840. 
From near Harrington Cnrnr looking nortli. 



3/8 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



of Worcester, but the request was refused and for many years this town 
had citizens exercising rights, and subject to duties within the limits of 
Ward. The town of Ward became Auburn in 183?. 

Selectmen of the Town 



Charles Allen, 1832. 

Joseph Allen, 1783. 

David Andrews, 1798. 1802. 

Daniel Baird, 1786-89. 

Nathan Baldwin, 1770. 

Edward Bangs, 1803-08. 

Edward Bangs Jr., 1823-24. 

Samuel Banister, 1837. 

Joseph Barber, 1780. 

William Barber, 1842. 

Gen. E. L. Barnard, 1835-36. 

Lewis Barnard, 1830. 

Jonas Bartlett, 1846. 

Asahel Bellows,- 1830. 

David Bigelow, 1776-77-79-80-83-84. 

Joshua Bigelow, 1747-67 to 73-75-78. 

Charles Blair, 1838. 

Ebenezer H. Bowen, 1846-47. 

James Boyd, 1747- 

Daniel Boyden, 17S9-62. 

John Boyden, I754-S6. 

Josiah Brewer, 1756-62-63. 

Nathaniel Brooks, 1778-79-84. 

Samuel Brooks, 1784 to 1793. 

Samuel Brown, 1781-82. 

Luther Burnet Jr., 1831-37. 

Benjamin Butman, 17-8-29-34-35- 

John Chadwick, 1744-45- 

Jacob Chamberlain, 1769. 

Gen. Thomas Chamberlain, 1827-29-38-39. 

William Chamberlain, 1814-22 to 24. 

Dea. John Chamberlain, 1785 to -95-97- 

98, 1801-02. 
Gardner Chandler, 1754 to -56. 
John Chandler, 1733-34-35; -37 to -40; 

-42 to -53. 
John Chandler Jr., 1748 to -59; 1761 to 

-73- 
Lewis Chapin, 1829-35-36-39-40-41. 
Joshua Child, 1737- 
Joseph Converse, 1837. 
Elijah Cook, 1742. 
Otis Corbett, 1825-26-29. 
Edward Crafts, 1780. 
Albert Curtis, 1840-41. 
John Curtis, 1754-55-60. 
Samuel Curtis, 1766-75-90 to -94. 



Isaac Davis, 1837. 

Samuel Davis, 1846. 

Col. Ephraim Doolittle, 1763 to -66. 

Edward Earle, 1843-44-45-46. 

Joshua Eaton, 1742. 

William Eaton, 1810-13; -20-21-22; -25- 
28; -30. 

Col. Benjamin Flagg, 1722-23-26-28-34- 
35-37 to -40; -43 to -61. 

Benjamin Flagg Jr., 1723-25, -30 to -32. 

Benjamin Flagg, 1766 to 1777. 

Benjamin Flagg, 1831-1837. 

John Flagg, 1816 to -20; -24-27-28-33-34 

Col. Samuel Flagg, 1790 to 1805-07; chair- 
man 18 y. 

Alfred D. Foster, 1833. 

Simon S. Gates, 1835-36. 

John Gleason, 1781-82. 

Capt. John Gleason, 181 1 to -15. 

Joel Gleason, 1824. 

John Gleason, 1822-25. 

James Goodwin, 1759. 

Daniel Goulding, 1784-95-96-98. 

Henry Goulding, 1842, 

Palmer Goulding, 1731-37-41-43. 

Palmer Goulding Jr., 1764-65-71. 

John Gray, 1722-24. 

John Green, 1780. 

Thos. Harbach, 1836. 

Jonathan Harrington, 1832-33. 

Jubal Harrington, 1837. 

Nathaniel Harrington, 1803-09. 

E. H. Heminway, 1836. 

Benjamin Heywood, 1792 to -97, -99, 1800. 

Daniel Heywood, 1724-26-27-29-31-34-35- 
38-40-42 to -46; -48 to -53. 

Henry Heywood, 1831-32. 

Joseph Holbrook, 1803-06. 

James Holden, 1725-29-30-33-36. 

John Hubbard, 1723. 

Israel Jennison, 1756-57-58-61. 

William Jennison, 1727 to -31-33-35-37- 
38-41. 

Micah Johnson, 1769. 

Solomon Johnson, 1742. 

Nathaniel Jones, 1796-97. 

Col. Phineas Jones, 1796-7. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



379 



Joliii Kelso, 1777. 

John P. Kettcll, 1738-39. 

Thomas Kinnicutt, 1836. 

Henry Lee, 17.23. 

Moses Leonard. 1725-26. 

Abraluim Linoohi, 1809 to 1824. 

John \\". LiiK-.ihi, 1825-26-33 to -35-38- 

39-43-44-4.^ 
Col. Ebenezer Lovell, 1778-79-84. 
Jonathan Lynd, 1754. 
James MeClellan, 1725. 
William McFarland, 1781-82. 
Judge Pliny Alerrick, 1827-28-29-35. 
Alphcns Merrifield, 1829 to 1832. 
Henry W. Miller, 1841-42-43-44-45 
Samuel Miller. 1763 to -65-75-81-82. 
Asa Moore, 1767-72. 
Capt. Ephraim Moore, 1814 to -17 

(Wall). 
George Moore, 1821 to 1823. 
James Moore, 1732-36-39-41. 
Natlianiel Moore. 1722-25 to 30; -^2 to 

35-4"- 
Nathaniel Moore Jr.. 1754. 
Maj. Ephraim Mower, 1799 to 1810-15-17. 
Samuel Mower, 1765. 
Guy S. Newton, 1832-35. 
Thomas Nichols, 1808-15. 
Frederick W. Paine, 1827-31-38-40-41-42- 

43-44-45-46-47. 
Judge Nathaniel Paine, 1792 to 1802. 
Timothy Paine, 1754 to 63, -66 to -74. 
Nathan Perry, 1777, -81 to 83, -85 to -89. 
Josiah Pierce, 1765, 1774 to 1776. 



James Putnam, 17O0. 

Darius Rice, 1842-43-44-45. 

George T. Rice, 1840. 

Gershom Rice. 1724-27-31-33-36-39-46. 

Gershom Rice Jr.. 1730. 

James Rice, 1728. 

Jonas Rice, 1722-24-28-30-32-34-35-38-40. 

Jonatlian Rice, 1780. 

Tyrus Rice, 1755. 

Zephaniah Rice, 1729. 

Stephen Salisbury, 1839. 

Capt. Peter Slater, 1818 to 1821. 

Elisha Smith, 1752. 

Robert Smith, 1778-79. 

Thomas Stearns, 1748. 

William Stearns, 1778-79. 

John Sterns, 1732-36-41. 

Daniel Stone, 1825-26. 

Jonathan Stone, 1760-67-68-72-75 to -yy. 

Benjamin Stowell, 1777. 

Nathaniel Stowell, 1816 to -21-37. 

Jesse Taft, 1785-86. 

James Taylor, 1724-26-35-39. 

Samuel B. Thomas, 1834. 

Albert Tolman, 1847. 

Horation N. Tower, 1847. 

Artemas Ward, J 836. 

Daniel Ward, 1746-47, -62-63. 

Rev. Joseph Wheeler, 1783, -87 to -91. 

Thomas Wheeler, 1743-44-45-49 to -61, 

-63-73-74-79- 
William A. Wheeler, 1840-41. 
Nathan White, 1806-19. 
William Young, 1757-74 to -77. 



Worcester Town Clerks 



Joseph Allen, 1780-1. 

Nathan Baldwin, 1775-78. 

Clark Chandler, 1768-75. 

John Chandler, 1764-67. 

Benjamin Chapin, 1818-33. 

Oliver Fiske, 1800-03. 

Benjamin Flagg, 1723 and 30. 

Enoch Flagg, 1808-15. 

Daniel Goulding, 1781-2, 1783 to -87; 

1803-08. 
Charles A. Hamilton, 1836- 1848. 
Daniel Heywood, 1753. 



-92, 



Levi Heywood, 1815-18. 

Nathaniel Heywood, 1780-1. 

Samuel Jennison, 1833 to -35. 

William G. Maccarty, 1783-4. 

Timothy Paine, 1754-64. 

Jonas Rice, 1722-24 to -28, -31 to -52. 

Zephaniah Rice, 1799. 

William Stearns, 1778-9 and 1781. 

Theophilus Wheeler, 1787 to -91. 

John Wing, 1684 (appointed by General 

Court). 
Leonard Worcester, 1796. 



Town Treasurers 



Stephen Bartlett, 1840-44. 

John Boyden, 1847-48. 

John Chandler, 1741 to -53. 



John Chandler Jr., 1753 to 1775, except 

1761. 
Samuel Chandler, 1795-98. 



38o 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



John Curtis, 1760. 
Oliver Fiske, 1798-1800. 
Benjamin Flagg, 1739-41. 
Samuel Flagg, 1803- 1808. 
William Gates, 1780. 
Palmer Goulding, 1737-38. 
John Green, 1778. 
William Greenleaf, 1837-40. 
Asa Hainilton, 1830-31. 
Charles A. Hamilton. 1831-33. 
Benjamin Heywood, 1791 to 1795. 
Daniel Heywood, 1722-24-32-35. 



Samuel Jennison, 1829. 

William Jennison, 1731. 

Henry Lee. 1723-27-28. 

Levi Lincoln Jr., 1808 to 1815. 

Nathaniel Moore, 1725-29-30-31. 

Nathan Perry, 1775 to 1779. 1781 to 1790. 

Charles G. Prentiss, 1833-37. 

Gershom Rice Jr.. 1736-g. 

John Rice, 1844-47. 

James Taylor, 1726-27. 

Theophilus Wheeler, 1800-1802. 

James Wilson, 1815-1829. 



The County Seat, or Shire Town. — The County of Worcester was 
established hy an Act of the General Court passed April 2. l':iL Pre- 
vious to that time the town f)f Worcester and seven other towns of this 
county had been part of Middlesex; five others, part of Suffolk county. 
Worcester was made the shire town or county seat on account of its loca- 
tion in the county, not on account of its size or importance. .\t that time 
Sutton, Lancaster, Mendon and Brookfield had more population and 
property. Worcester was chosen in preference to Lancaster, the choice of 
many of the peojjle and representatives. The proposition to make Lan- 
caster and Worcester halfshires, having the court held alternately in 
each town, would have prevailed but for the opposition of Joseph Wil- 
der of Lancaster. 




AN OLD VIEW OF MAIN STREET LOOKING NORTH. 
Reproduced from a i)hoto in the .'Kmerican .Antiquarian Society Collection. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 381 

The selection of this town as the county seat gave it a great impetus 
From that time most of the lawyers of the county made their homes 
here, and the nieniliers of the har were as a rule from the well-to-do and 
aristocratic classes; they were college graduates, and generally held 
the important public offices both in town and county. The county 
officers and members of the l)ar fornie(l a nucleus <jf the i)olite society 
of the day, a society that grew in strength and influence until the Rev- 
olution. 

The shire town naturally became a trading center, and the mer- 
chants here prosjjered. In provincial days the terms of court were the 
great holidays, and from all parts of the county the people came for 
amusement and trade, whether they had business with the courts or not. 
Wrestling, hsticutifs and horse-racing were the principal sports of the 
time. Even the e.xhibitions afforded by the punishment of the petty 
criminals in the stocks and i>illury and .'it the whipping posts attracted 
the crowds. From 174.") to K4S, horse-racing was forbidden in the main 
Street. 

Gradually Worcester drew settlers from .Shrewslniry, Grafton, Sut- 
ton and other towns in this county, as well as from the towns of the 
eastern part of the State, and the flow of Scotch-Irish thither continued 
almost to the time of the Revolution. During the Rexolution. Worces- 
ter became first in poimlation and importance among the towns of the 
county. 

The estaldishment of the courts here als(j lirouglit several of the 
most prominent families to town, and in a multitude of ways influenced 
subsequent historv. Woodstock, Ct., was then in this county, and Hon. 
John Chandler of that town became chief justice Ijoth of the Inferior 
Court of Common Pleas and the Court of General Sessions of the Peace. 

When the first court was opened liy the Common Pleas in the old 
meeting house on the Common, July \''>. 173], a sermon was preached by 
Rev. John Prentice of Lancaster. The other judges were Joseph Wilder 
of Lancaster, William Ward of Southborougli, and William Jennison of 
Worcester ; John Chandler Jr. was clerk of the courts and Daniel Gookin 
Jr. was sheriff. 

In those days all the judges wore wigs and scarlet robes, and holding 
court was an imposing function. 

The Courts of the County. — Hon. Joseph Wilder succeeded Judge 
Chandler in 1740 as chief justice, and Joseph Dwight of Brookfield became 
one of the court. The succeeding chief justices were: John Chandler 
Jr., ]75t until 1762, when Timothy Ruggles became chief justice and 
continued to 1774, when the courts were closed. 

When the courts resumed business under provincial auth(jrity, Oct. 
17, 1775, Gen. Artemas Ward of Shrewsbury was chief justice; Jedediah 
Foster of Brookfield, Moses Gill of Princeton and Samuel Baker of Ber- 



382 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

lin, associates. Hon. John Sprague of Lancaster succeeded Gen. Ward 
as chief justice. In 1801 Dwight Foster became chief justice. 

Following were associate justices with the dates of their aiJi>oint- 
ment during the period 1731-1811. when the Court of Common Pleas was 
abolished : 

Josepli Wilder of Lancaster, 1731-1757. Timothy Ruggles of Hurdwick. May. 
William Ward of Southborough, i-.?i-45- 1757-1762. 

William Jennison of Worcester, 1731. Artema.s Ward of Shrewsbury, 1762-1774. 

Jos. Dwight of Brookfield, 1740-1750. Jedediah Foster of Brookfield, 1775. 

Samuel Willard of Lancaster, 1741-52. Moses Gill of Princeton, I775-I794. 

Nahum Ward of Shrewsbury. 1745. Samuel Baker of Berlin, I775-I795- 

Maj. Jonas Rice of Worcester, 1752-1755. Joseph Dorr of Ward, 1776-1801. 

Edward Hartwell of Lunenburg, 1750. Michael Gill, 1794. 

John Chandler Jr., . Elijah Brigham of Westborough. 1795. 

Thomas Steele of Leicester. 1755-1774. Benjamin Heywood of Worcester. 1801. 

The Circuit Court of Common Pleas succeeded the old court in 1811. 
Worcester county was in the Western Circuit with Hampshire. Hamp- 
den and Berkshire. The first judges for this circuit were: Ezekiel 
Bacon of Stockbridge, chief justice ; Edward Bangs of Worcester, and 
Jonathan Leavitt of Greenfield, associates. John Hooker of Spring- 
field succeeded Chief Justice Bacon in 1812 and Solomon Strong of Lei- 
cester succeeded Judge Bangs, who died June 28, 1818. 

In 1820 the Circuit Courts were abolished and four judges were 
appointed for the entire State. Gen. Artemas Ward was chief justice; 
Solomon Strong, John Mason Williams of Taunton and Samuel Howe 
of Northampton, associates. 

The number of judges of the Court of Common Pleas was subse- 
quently increased to seven. The following from Worcester were after- 
ward associate judges of this court: Charles Allen, 1842-44: Pliny 
Merrick, 1843-48, and 1850-53 ; Emory Washburn, 1844-47. 

In 1859 the Common Pleas was abolished and the Superior Court 
established. The following from Worcester have been justices: 

Charles Allen, cliief justice. 1859-1867. *Jolin Hopkins, 1891-1902. 

Charles Devens, 1867-1875. Francis A. Gaskill. 1895-1909. 

Francis H. Dewey, 1869-1881. John B. Ratigan, 1911-1915. 

P. Emory .'Mdrich. 1873-1895. Philip J. O'Connell, 1915. 

Hamilton B. .Staples, 1881-1891. Webster Thayer, 1917. 

Court of General Sessions. — The Court of General Sessions of the 
Peace, which originally had jurisdiction of criminal cases and all mat- 
ters afterwards administered by the County Commissioners, consisted of 
all the justices of the peace in the county, including the four judges of 
the Court of Common Pleas. 



•Judge Hoi)kiMS resided in Millbur.v — office in Worcester. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 383 



Thirteen justices were appointed liy (iov. Jonathan Bekiier. June ^o. 17,51, "to 
keep our peace in our County of Worcester within our province of tlic Massacliu- 
setts Bay in New England. . . ."* At their first meeting, August I2jh, John 
Chandler, Jr., Esq., was appointed Register of Deeds, and Jonathan Houghton of Lan- 
caster, County Treasurer. 

There were three cases tried before this first Court of General Sessions of the 
Peace: Philip Chase of Sutton, and others, came into court and complained that 
Solomon Johnson, of Shrewsbury, Gent., struck him in the face and spoke insulting 
and threatening words; whereupon said Solomon Johnson was "judged to be Guilty 
of the Breach of ye Peace in Striking Said Chase and using threatening words and 
thereupon it is ordered for Said Offense he pay as a fine to Our Sovereign Lord the 
King, &ct.. Twenty Shillings, and for his Said Rude and Insulting Behaviour he also 
pay as a fine to our said Lord the King the sum of fi.urty shillings. . . ." 

The second case was similar. 

The third was that of John Hazeltine, fur "Selling Strong drink to ye Indians Con- 
trary to Law." 

The sessions were held at the same time as those of the Common 
Pleas, in February, May, August and November. In 180:5 the criminal 
jurisdiction of the court was transferred to the Court of Common Pleas. 
In 1807 the number of Sessions magistrates was fixed at six, and the 
word "General" omitted from its title. In 1809 the court was abolished 
and all its remaining judicial powers transferred to the Common Pleas. 
But this change was not satisfactory, and in 1811 the Sessions Court was 
revived with four justices. Two years later, in 1813, the whole jurisdic- 
tion again was transferred to the Common Pleas, with two additional jus- 
tices, entitled the Sessions Justices of the Court of Common Pleas, hav- 
ing powers limited to matters formerly within the jurisdiction of the Ses- 
sions court. 

County Commissioners. — In 181'.» the separate Court of Sessions was 
again revived with three justices, and continued until 1828, when the 
County Commissioners were established. William Eaton of this town 
was one of the first four Commissioners. In 183(3 the numlier of com- 
missioners was reduced to three, with two special commissioners. Un- 
der this new arrangement John \V. Lincoln was appointed one of the 
commissioners, and became chairman. In 1842 Charles Tliurber of this 
town becaine a commissioner. There has been a general understanding 
since that time that the county commissioners should be elected from 
towns and cities other than Worcester. 

The Supreme Court. — Before the Revolution, the highest court was 
known as the Superior Court of Judicature ; since the adojition of the 
Constitution in 1780, as the Supreme Judicial Court. This court held 
its first session in this county in the old meeting house here, Sept. 22, 
1731 : Benjamin Lynde was chief justice at that time ; Addington Daven- 



•John Chandler. Joseph Wilder. William Ward, William Jennison. p.Tniel Tatt John 
Chandler. Jr., Benjamin Willaid. Samuel Wright. Josiah Willard, Joseph Dwight. Samuel 
Dudley. Henry Lee and Nahum Ward, Esqrs. 



384 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

port, Paul Dudley, Edmund Quincy and John Lushing, associates, and 
all were present. Maj. Jonas Rice was foreman of the grand jury, and 
John Hubbard of Worcester of the first petit jury. The court affirmed 
four judgments of the Court of Common Pleas, tried one indictment 
and adjourned, Sept. 2;5. One term was held each }ear in October 
afterward. 

Hon. .Arthur P. Ivugg is at present chief justice of this court. Asso- 
ciate justices from this town and city have l)een : Levi Lincoln, 
appointed in 1824; Benjamin F. Thomas, 18.');i-.jt) ; Pliny Merrick, 
1853-64; Dwight Foster, 18G6-69; Charles Devens, 18:3-77. Arthur 
P. Rugg, previous to his ajipointment as chief justice. 

Executions. — As Worcester has been the seat of the Courts of jus- 
tice, executions have taken place here. The following are all the execu- 
tions which have occurred within the county since its foundation: 173T, 
Nov. 2(i, Hugh Henderson, alias John Hamilton, for Burglary : 1768. Oct. 
30, Arthur, a negro, for Rape: 1770, Oct. 35, William Lindsay, for Burg- 
lary: 1778, July 3, William Brooks, James Buchanan, Ezra Ross, and 
Bathsheba Spooner, for the murder of Joshua Spooner of Brookfield: 
1779, Nov. 11, Robert Young, for Rape: 1783, June 1!». William Huggins 
and John Mansfield, for Burglary; 1786, Aug. 17, Johnson Green, for 
Burglary: 1793, Oct. 31, Samuel Frost, for the murder of Elisha Allen 
of Princeton: 1835, Dec. 7, Horace Carter, for Rape. No one of these 
criminals were natives of Worcester, and but three were born within the 
county. — Lincoln. 

riiomas Barrett, the first murderer hanged in the Summer street 
jail, was the next to be executed after Carter, He was convicted of the 
murder of Ruth Houghton. 

Silas and Charles T. James were hanged Sept. 35, 1868, for the mur- 
der of Joseph G. Clark. 

Samuel J. Frost, Petersham, murderer of Franklin P. Tuwne, was 
hanged in 1876, May 36th. 

Since that time the execution of those condemned in this and other 
counties have taken place in the .State Prison at Charlestown. 

County Buildings in Worcester. — There have been three court 
houses built successively on the present site. Judge William Jennison 
gave the land for the first, but there was some opposition to the loca- 
tion, many favoring the Common as more convenient and accessible. The 
lot was only a rod and a half wide on the south, four rods on the north, 
and 20 rods in length, and was at that time a tangle of brush. 

The Court of General Sessions of the Peace passed an order, Aug. 
8, 1733, authorizing the erection of a court house here, 26 by 36 feet, 
and 13 feet in height. The new court house was opened Feb. 6, 1734. 
In his opening address Judge Chandler called it "beautiful," and evi- 
dently the appeal of the court for aid in building the court house from 
"those who had an interest in lands in the county and especially in 



AND ITS PEOPLE 385 



the t(n\n of Worcester, which, l)y that town's l)eing made the shire 
town, are greatly advanced — and to know what any of them will \>c 
pleased to give towards hnilding and adorning the house," had met 
with some res]ionse, for Judge Chandler said: "It is our duty on this 
occasion to thankfully acknowledge the good hand of God's Prcjvidence 
upon us, who has stirred up and opened the hearts of sundry worthy 
gentlemen, some of whom live in other parts of the province, to be 
benefactors to us by assisting us in our infant state to erect and lieautify 
so agreeable a house as we are in possession of and which exceeds so 
many others in the province built for the like service in the capacious- 
ness, regularity and workmanship thereof." Tlie entire address was 
printed in the Boston Weekly Rehearsal, Feb. 18, n:M. The judge was 
very proud of the fact that ill the space of thirty months from holding 
the tirst court, the I)uikling was comi)leted. 

Within twenty years the first court house was found to be too small 
for the business of the county, and the court ordered a new house built, 
March HI. K.M. to be 3G by 40 feet. It was located on the site of the 
north wing of the present court house, north-easterly of the original 
building. The first floor was used for the offices of the clerk of courts, 
register of deeds and the probate office. In front of the court house 
were the stocks, pillory and whipping ])ost. The stopping of the courts 
just before the Revolution has been described in the chajjter on military 
affairs, and the rejieated taking of the court house during Shays Re- 
bellion. 

From March, 1T85, to Jan. 1, K!t2, the court room was used as a 
place of worship by the Second Parish. (.See history of churches). 

When it became necessary to remove this building to make wa\^ for 
the third court house, it was raised, placed on wheels and, propelled by 
twenty yoke of oxen, moved to the corner of Green, Park and Franklin 
streets, where for more than fifty years until 1S8G it was occupied as 
a dwelling by Joseph Trumbull and family, for whom Trumbull Square 
is named, and later by his only son George A. Trumliull. In this house 
there were 15 births, 9 marriages and 7 deaths in the Trumbull family. 
After the death of Mrs. George A. Trumbull, the property was sold to 
Dr. William J. Delahanty and Dr. Joseph H. Kelley, who occupied it in 
part, renting part as tenements. The house was moved to the east later 
to make room for a brick building and again it was moved to make the 
street wider. In 1899 the owners were about to demolish the building 
to make way for a brick apartment house. In 1900 it was bought by 
Miss Susan Trumbull. "Shorn of veranda, porch, cornice and roof-rail, 
our poor old house became a melancholy spectacle." It was taken down 
carefully by Charles A. Vaughan, the contractor, and the original frame- 
work re-erected on the present site on Massachusetts avenue. The inte- 
rior was constructed according to the plans of Earle & Fisher into a 
modern and very attractive residence. It is now owned by Louisa Trum- 
W.-I-25. 



386 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

bull Cogswell Roberts and occupied by Marcus L. Foster. On one of 
tbe original doors, a plate was placed by the Worcester Society of An- 
tiquity with elaborate exercises, June 30, 11)00. In his address on this 
occasion, Ste[)hen C. Earle said ; 

We are assured by credible authorities that the materials, form and dimensions of 
the original have been scrupulously adhered to. though with the addition of an 
extension at tlie rear and a side porch as adaptations to present uses. The old 
materials have been used so far as possible. The old timbering of the roof may be 
seen in the unfinished attic with many a hand-wrought nail still visible ; and there 
are also the curiously-arched heavy beams that gave the form to the vaulted ceiling 
of the old court room. The doors, the mantels and most of the wainscot of the old 
court room arc in the room as rebuilt. The front door also bears its old brass 
latch handle. 

Other interesting articles have been collected, among which are a latch from the 
Bancroft house and two from the house of Rebecca Nourse, Salem, one of the 
unfortunate victims of the witchcraft horrors. Many of the door-knobs are from the 
old Isaac Davis house on "Nobility Hill." The east parlor mantel is from the 
house of Pardon E. Jenks, one of the first settlers of Pawtucket ; while the wain- 
scot in this parlor and the mantel in the bed room above came from the Eliza 
Haven house in Portsmouth, built about 1745. The wainscot in the main hall is 
from the Rutland parsonage, built about 1723 for Rev. Joseph VVillard, who before his 
installation, was killed by the Indians in the massacre of that year . . . Old Dutch 
tiles are set in two fireplaces, and a Franklin front from Kittery, with its original 
crane and hangers in a third. Over the fireplace in the east parlor is a plaster cast 
of the Trumbull arms. The two bullseyes in the front door came from Temple, H. 
H. from the homestead of Gen. James Miller, hero of Lundy's Lane. 

That the Court House was always two stories high and that the court room was 
in the second story, seemed to be proved by the construction of the building. Each 
corner post was a single piece 17 feet long, and the heavy floor girders of the second 
floor were framed into the main girths by mortise and tenon in a way clearly impos- 
sible at any other time than when the frame was originally put together. 

The inscription is as follows : "The Court Room of the Second 
Court House of Worcester County, erected in 1T.")1 on the site of the 
north wing of the present court house on Court Hill and occupied until 
1801." 

Benjamin Thomas Hill delivered an address entitled "The History 
of the Second Court House and the Early Bar." Mr. Hill said in 
part : 

Previous to the Revolution there were but few lawyers who resided in the county, 
most of those who practised in our courts coming from other places, traveling with 
the judges on their circuits. Among them were many men distinguished in their 
profession and in the political history of the province. 

John Read, called by James Otis "the greatest common lawyer this country ever 
saw ;" Richard Dana, of Charlestown and Boston ; William Brattle and Edmund 
Trowbridge, of Cambridjge ;' Robert Auchmuty, the elder and younger, and Benjamin 
Kent of Boston, for several years the minister in Marlborough ; Governor William 
Shirley; Timothy Dwight of Northampton; Jonathan Sewall ; John Adams; and 
Caleb Strong of Northampton, afterwards Governor of the Commonwealth. . . . 

From 1731 to 1775 there had been but seventeen regular practitioners in the 



AXD ITS PEOPLE 3^7 

county: Jusepli Dwight of Broukfield; Nahiiin Ward of Shrewsbury; Timothy Rug- 
gles of Hardwick; Joshua Eaton Jr., Christopher Jacob Lawton of Leicester; Ste- 
phen Fessendeii ; James Putnam ; Abel Willard of Lancaster ; E-ra Taylor of South- 
borough ; Joshua Atherton of Petersham; Daniel Bliss of Rutland; Joshua L'pham 
of Brookfield; John Sprague of Lancaster; Rufus Chandler; Daniel Oliver of Hard- 
wick; Nathaniel Chandler of Petersham; Elijah Williams of Mendtm. 

During the years of the Revolution nine new attorneys had begun to practice 
here: Levi Lincoln, admitted in Hampshire, was Clerk of the Courts in 1776, Judge 
of Probate from 1777 to 1781, Attorney General of the United States under Jeffer- 
son, Lieutenant Governor of the Commonwealtli in 1807. and Acting Governor after 
the death of Gov. Sullivan in 1808; William Stearns and Daniel Bigelow. who were 
the publishers of the Spy for a time; Natlianiel Paine, Judge of Probate fur 35 
years ; Nathan Tyler, Dwight Foster, William Caldwell, William Sever and Peter 
Clark. 

Samuel S. Green read a paper on the history of the Second Parisli. 
Hon. William T. Forbes made an address on "Old Laws and New." 
Mary Louisa Trumbull Cogswell spoke about the Trumbull Mansion 
and its Occujuints. l\un. Ellery E. Crane also spoke. Nathaniel Paine 
presided. (See W. S. Antiq. Proc. 1900, p. 311). 

The Third Court House. — The Court of Sessions decided in 1793 to 
erect a new court house, and petitioned the General C'ourt for authority 
to raise money for that purpose. Rut there was opposition from those 
who wished the county divided, and the authority was not given. The 
necessary measures were finally passed, however, and the cornerstone of 
the new court house laid by Isaiah Thomas and other members of the 
building committee, Sheriff William Caldwell and Hon. Salem Towne. 
Additional land was given Ijy Isaiah Thomas and Samuel Chandler. 
William Lancaster of Boston was master workman of the exterior; Mr. 
Baxter of the interior. Mr. Thomas supervised the building. (I. Thotuas 
Diary, vol. 1, p. G6). The building, furniture and equipment cost §30.000. 
It has since l)een remodeled, and is now {)art vf the north wing of the 
present court house. For many years it was called the brick court 
house. The lower floor was used for the county offices, the second 
floor for the court room and jury rooms. It was opened Sept. 3T, 1S03. 

An addition to the old brick court house was made in IS.jT and it 
was remodeled, moved back about 40 feet to its present position 
on a line with the new stone structure, IG feet l)eing added to the front, 
making the old court house GGyi by -iSjA feet. The former entrance by 
the south was then closed : the roof raised four feet, and the brick cov- 
ered with a coating of mastic. The dome on the toj). surmounted by 
statue of the blind goddess of liberty holding the scales of justice was 
retained, being a symbol used at that time on all court houses of this sec- 
tion. In the tower at the rear was formerly a bell, which was rung at 
the opening of the daily sessions of the court. 

The Stone Court House. — The present stone court house was Iniilt 
in 1813-4. The county commissioners voted in favor of building- in 



388 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 




LUURl HlLLABUUl i».4. 
Xote tlif Hurse Car and Hay Scales in the foreground. 




AND ITS PEOPLE • 389 

Februar}-. 1S4">'. approved the jilans (jf Ainini l'>. Vounjj. architect, June, 
1843; signed the contracts witii lloratio N. l\nver, cari)enter, and David 
Woodward, stone mason, July 'i'i, 184:5. The total cost was $101). ()()(). To 
make ro(_)m for the building, the mansion of Isaiah Thomas was moved 
to the rear, where it now remains one of the landmarks of old Worcester. 
The new Iniilding was occupied at the fall session of the .Supreme Court, 
and a dedicatory address was delivered Sept. 'M). 18 1"). hy Chief Justice 
Lemuel Shaw. The material is Quincy granite, the style a variation 
freim the Grecian "tower of the Winds" in .\thens. The building was 
,").") by lOS feet. The six gr.anite pillars. ■,;"i feet high, three feet in diam- 
eter, were transported. W'.ill says, by rail, from (Juincy to the station 
here and drawn by oxen and horses to I ourt llill.* 

Centennial Anniversary of the County. — I . C. I'.aldwin in his 
diary, under date of C)ct. 4, \K',\ . wrote: "This day is celebrated there 
in commemoration of the close of one hundred years from tin- incorpo- 
ration of the count}' and organization of its courts. Hon. John Davis 
delivers the address, which was two hours and an half long. Kev. Aaron 
Bancroft makes the first ])rayer. Rev. George .-Xllen of .Shrewsbury 
makes the last one. Rev. (Rodney A.) Miller reads the Scriptures. The 
Boston Cadets are present and perform escort duties and our little His- 
torical Society is greatly honored. The Cadets visit town to pay their 
respect to Gov. Lincoln." He describes the Ijrilliant imiforms. "The 
band of music accompanying them consists of 24 distinguished musicians. 
They perform delightfidly. They jday in the meeting house before and 
after prayer, and Emery Perry, leader of the singing in Dr. P>ancroft's 
Society and the most distinguished singing master in the ccumty. sings 
the 'Pilgrim Hymn' written I13' Mrs. Hemans. Adjutant General Wil- 
liam H. Sumner from Boston and three of the aids-de-camp of Gov. 
Lincoln, as also Major Gen. Nathan Heard of Worcester with his aids, 
Thomas Kinnicutt of Worcester and William Pr.ntt Esq. of .Shrewsbury; 
all in uniform. They sit directly under the pulpit. The aids of the 
Gov. are Col. Josiah nuinc}'. son of the president of Harvard College, 
Pliny Merrick and Emor}' Washburn of Worcester. Gov. Lincoln is 
in citizen's dress. The judges of the S. J. Court are all present, who 
have adjourned their sitting to join in the festivities of the day. 

"The Worcester Light Infantr\- and the Rifle Corps assist the 
Cadets in the escort duties. The procession reformed on leaving the 
meeting house; the band first, then the Cadets, then the Worcester com- 



*There is a tradition tliat the celebrated Old Grimes, who lived in Hul)bardston. 
and was always causing trmible to the cinnity officials, once made a wager that he 
would ride his horse into tlie court room. Starting his horse down Main street, he 
made for the Court house door and rode into tlie room, to the .great astonishment of 
the Court and Bar. He explained to the astonished judges that tliis horse had 
become frightened and run away, thus saving himself from being fined for con- 
tempt of court. As his horse was led from the room, she kicked out her heels and left 
the imprint of her hoof on the door, whicli was shown for many years afterward. — 
Lincoln. 



390 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

panies, then his Excellency Gov. Lincoln with his aids, and Gen. Heard 
with his aids, the adjutant general, then the committee of arrangements 
being eight of us ; then the author of the address and then the ignoble 
vulgiis. In this way the procession returned to the tavern of Jonas 
Estabrook (Central Hotel) and went to dinner, and there we had a most 
glorious time. A grand entertainment is given in the evening by Gov. 
Lincoln." 

The Present Court House. — In 18T8 a wing was added to the stone 
court house on the northern side. In 1897 the legislature (Chap. 449) 
provided for an addition to the court house to cost not over $350,000. 
After a competition the plans of Andrews, Jacpies & Rantoul, architects, 
of Boston, were accepted. Prizes were awarded to the following archi- 
tects and firms : Earle & Fisher, Fuller, Delano & Frost, Robert Allen 
Cook and Lucius W. Briggs. The contract was awarded to the Webb 
Granite & Construction Co. of Worcester for $3 12, 887. 8G. The legisla- 
ture authorized $5,000 additional fur the work. Land was bought of the 
Warren estate for $15,000. 

The old brick court house was taken down and a new wing built to 
the north of the old, with a building connecting the two, retaining the 
style of architecture of the stone court house. The lower floor contains 
the registry of deeds in the new wing and the registry of probate, with the 
offices of the judges of probate and a probate court room, and the offices 
of the coimty treasurer. The quarters of the county commissioners are 
in the rear of the main entrance. The court rooms, three large, two 
ecpiity rooms, and the office of the clerk of coin-ts are on the second 
floor. The law library is in the wing of the south building. There are 
various consulting rooms and other offices conveniently placed. 

The changes made in 1898 resulted in the end in the jjractical recon- 
struction of the stone court house, but one wall remaining untouched. 
The material is of Quincy granite, with massive granite jjillars across 
the front. Architectuarlly the building is one of the most imposing 
and attractive of the court houses of the state. The building was 
completed in 1899. The sum of $65,000 was authorized (Chap. 214, 
1899) for equipping and furnishing the court house, grading and improv- 
ing the grounds. Contracts for grading were given Thomas J. .Smith, 
$23,989; Mellish & Byfield for wooden furniture, $13,851.21; Fenton 
Metallic Mfg. Co. for metallic furniture, $12,000; and other contracts 
making a total of $(33,060.70. 

The county commissioners purchased the l)uil<ling and grounds of 
the .\merican Antiquarian Society at the time it was vacated, and had 
the building removed and the lot graded, vastly improving the apjjear- 
ance of the court house and surroundings. 

Movement to Divide the County. — The northern towns of the county 
made an eff^ort, beginning in 1786, with a petition signed by James Bali 
and others praying the General Court for the erection of a new county 



AXD ITS PEOPLE 39i 



with Petersham fur the shire town, to iiicUide Hardwick, Barre, Hub- 
bardston. Petersham, Templeton. Winchenthm. Athol and Koyalston of 
this county and Warwick. WendeU. N\-\v Salem. Shutesbury, (Jrange 
and Greenwich of Hampshire. The project failed. 

Another similar movement in i:i»8 prayed for the division of the 
countv. A memorial was presented by the representatives of Temple- 
ton. Barre. Petersham. Athol. Winchendon. Hubbardston. (Jakham, 
Gerry. Gardner, koyalston and Warwick. In April, ITiKS, the proposi- 
tion was voted down by the people. 

Another attempt was made in 1838, and the question again submit- 
ted whether a new county should be formed. It was proposed to take 
from this county Koyalston. Winchendon. .\thol. Templeton, Gardner, 
Westminster. Ashburnham. Fitchburg. Leominster, Lunenburg. Prince- 
ton, Hubbardston. Philipston. Lancaster, Bolton and Harvard and five 
other towns in :Middlesex. The voters by a great majority refused to 
consent. 

By an act of the legislature Fel). -.".i. 1^81. in effect Aug. 1. ls,s4. the 
countv was divided into two registries of deeds; Worcester has the 
southern registry, Fitchburg the northern. 

County Jails.— Xo sooner was the county organized than arrange- 
ments for a county jail were made. P.efore the county building ordered 
by the Court of Sessions Sept. 2. 1731. was completed, the prisoners 
were confined in a part of the dwelling house of Judge William Jenni- 
son. a suitable cage being built in the rear part. In 1733 this cage was 
removed to a room in the house of Dea. Daniel Fleywood. 

The jail on the west side of Lincoln street near Lincoln Square 
was finished in 1733. It was 18 l)y 41 feet, eight feet in height, the 
prison part being only 18 by 18. made of white oak timber. There was 
a stone dungeon underneath. The nortli end of the building was occu- 
pied as a residence for the keeper, and was afterward part of the Han- 
cock Arms tavern. Inirned Dec. 33, 1834. 

In 1853 a new jail was built of heavy timl)ers, a few rods south 
of the first, 38 by 38 feet, seven feet in height. The top. sides and floor 
were covered with iron spikes, and the doors, partitions and windows 
with heavy iron gratings. 

In 1784 plans were adopted to build a massive granite jail. 33 by 
64 feet, three stories high, on the south side of Lincoln Square, at a cost 
of £500. The first and second stories were each divided into four rooms 
for prisoners. The prisoners for del)t were kept upstairs on the second 
and third stories. There were eight rooms on the third floor. The jail 
yard included the jailor's house on the east side and the meeting house 
of the Second Parish. The keeper's house was built at the same time. 
It was the second stone building of any account erected in the Com- 
monwealth. John Parks of Groton was master workman. The Si^y pre- 
dicted that it would need no repairs for "two or three centuries." The 



39^ 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



stone was taken from Millstone Hill in this town. It was completed 
Sept. 4, 1788. But this jail, like the others, was eventually abandoned 
to other purposes and finally destroyed. 

The County House of Correction was erected on Summer street in 
1819. The first building there was 2T by 53 feet, on the site of the pres- 
ent jail. It was occupied in November, 1819, by the keeper, his fam- 
ily and the prisoners. But the jdan of the building was faulty and in 
1833 the whole interior was removed and forty cells installed. In 
April, 1835, a part of this building was appropriated for the county 
jail and the prisoners removed from the old stone jail in Lincoln Square. 
The materials from the stone jail were used in constructing a building on 
Front street, west of the canal, still standing. Though this building is 
still in use, a remodeling of the House of Correction in 1873, made at a 
cost of $200,000, provided a substantially new building. 

The Worcester Jail and House of Correction is estimated to be 
worth $600,000 at present. 

Sheriffs of the County 



Daniel Gookin, 1731-43. 
Benjamin Flagg, 1743-1751. 
John Chandler, 1751-1762. 
Gardiner Cliandler, 1762, I7b2-I775. 
Simeon Dwight of Warren, 1776-1778. 
Wm. Greenleaf of Lancaster, 1778-1788. 
John Sprague of Lancaster, 1788-1791. 
Dwight Foster of Brookfield. 1792-1793. 
Wm. Caldwell of Rutland, 1794-1805. 
Thomas Walter Ward of Shrewslniry, 
1806- 1824. 



Calvin Willard, 1824-1844. 

John W. Lincoln. 1844-1851. 

James Estabrook, 1852-1853. 

George W. Richardson, 1854- 1857. 

John S. C. Knowlton. 1858-1871. 

Samuel D. Nye, 1890-92. 

Gen. A. B. R. Sprague. 1872-1889. 

Gen. Robt. H. Chamberlain, 1894- 1910. 

Benjamin D. Dwinnell, 1910-1916. 

Albert F. Richardson, 1916 . 



Clerks of the Court 



John Chandler Jr., 1731-1752. 
Timothy Paine, 1752-1775. 
Levi Lincoln. 1775-1776. 
Joseph Allen, 1776- 1810. 
William Steadman, 1810-1814. 
Francis Blake. 1814-1817. 



Abijah Bigelow, 1817-1832. 
Joseph G. Kendall. 1832-1848. 
Charles W. Hartshorn, 1848-1852. 
Joseph Mason. 1852-1877. 
John A. Dana, 1877-1881. 
Col. Theodore S. Johnson, 1881 — . 



County and District Attorneys (since 1780) 



John Sprague of Lancaster. 
Daniel Bigelow. 
Nathaniel Paine. 1789-1801. 
Edward Bangs, 1801-1811. 
William Charles White. i8ii-i8i8. 
Rejoice Newton. 1818-1824. 
Edward D. Bangs. 1824. 



Pliny Merrick, 1824-1843. 

Ezra Wilkinson of Dedham, 1843-1852. 

Benj. F. Newton of Worcester, 1852- 1853. 

P. Emory Aldrich, 1853-1855. 

John H. Matthews, 1855-6. 

Elijah B. Stoddard, 1856-1857. 

P. Emory .\ldrich, 1857-1866. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



393 



Hartley Williams, 1866- 1868. 
William W. Rice, 1868-1873- 
Hamilton B. Staples, 1873- 1881. 
Francis T. Blackmer, 1881-1884. 
William S. B. Hopkins, 1884-1887. 
Francis A. Gaskill, 1887-1895. 



Herbert Parker, 1895-1899. 
Rockwood Hoar, 1899-1904- 
George S. Taft, 1904-1910. 
James A. Stiles, 1910-1916. 
Edward T. Esty, 1916 •. 



John Chandler. 1731. 
John Chandler Jr., 1775. 
Nathan Perry, 1775-1790. 
Samnel .Allen, 1790-1831. 



County Treasurers 



Anthony Chase, 1831-1866. 
Charles A. Chase, 1866- 1876. 
Edward A. Brown. 1876-1913- 
Edgar L. Ramsdell. 1913 



Registers of Deeds of the County until two districts were formed and 
afterward of the Southern District 



John Chandler Jr., 1731-1762. 
Timothy Paine, 1762-1777. 
Nathan Baldwin. 1777-1784. 
Daniel Clapp, 1784-1816. 
Dr. Oliver Fiske, 1817-1821. 
Artcmas Ward. 1822- 1846. 



Alexander H. Wilder, 1846- 1874. 
Harvey B. Wilder. 1874-5. 
Charles A. Chase, 1876. 
Harvey B. Wilder, 1877-1900. 
Daniel Kent, 1901 



Judges of Probate 



John Chandler, 1731-1/39- 

Joseph Wilder of Lancaster, I739-I757- 

John Chandler Jr., 1757-1762. 

John Chandler (3d), 1762-1775. 

Jedediah Foster of Brookfield, 1775-76. 

Artemas Ward, 1776-1777. 

Levi Lincoln, 1777-1783- 

Joseph Dorr of Ward. 1783-1801. 

Nathaniel Paine, 1801-1836. 



Ira M. Barton, 1830-1844. 
Benjamin F. Thomas. 1844-1848. 
Thomas Kinnicutt. 1848-1858. 
Dvvight Foster. 1858. 
Henry Chapin. 1858-1878. 
Adin Thayer, 1878-1888. 

William T. Forbes, 1888 . 

Frederick H. Chamberlain, 1907- 



Registers of Probate 



John Chandler Jr., 173I-I757- 

Timothy Paine, 1757-1767. 

Clark Chandler, 1767-1775- 

Rev. Joseph Wheeler of Harvard, 1775- 

1793- 
Theophilus Wheeler. 1793-1837. 



Charles G. Prentiss, 1837-18(19. 
Charles E. Stevens. 1869-1884. 
Frederick W. Southwick, 1884-94. 
George H. Harlow, 1894-1908. 
John W. Mawbey. 1908-1914. 
Harrv H. Atwood, 1914 • 



Since July 1. 18.58, the Court of Insolvency has been merged with 
the Probate Court, under the title of Court of Probate and Insolvency. 
From July 1, US.Jli, to July 1, 1S.J8, Alexander H. Bullock and W. W. 
Rice were judges successively of the Court uf Insolvency; .\ustin L. 
Rogers and John J. Piper, registers. 



394 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



County Commissioners. — The office of County Commissioner is sev- 
enty-five years old, having been established by legislative act Feb. 6, 
1828. At first it was appointive, and the number for Worcester County 
was four. The Governor, by and with the consent of the Council, 
appointed the following, who held their first meeting ]\Iay 13, 1828. The 
numerals ajipendid indicate their years of service : 



Jared Weed, Petersham, 1828-1835. 1838- 

1841. 
Aaron Tufts, Dudley, 1828-1831. 
Edmund Cusliing, Lunenburg. 1828-1835. 
William Eaton, Worcester, 1828- 1835. 
James Draper, Spencer, 1832-1835. 

By legislative act April 8, 1835, the of- 
fice became elective, the number being 
reduced to three, and commissioners have 
been regularly elected as follows : 
John W. Lincoln, 1835-1838. 
William Crawford. Oakham, 1835- 1850. 
Ebenezer D. Ammidown, Southbridge, 

1835- 1838. 
Samuel Taylor, 1838-1841. 
David Davenport, Mendon, 1841-1844. 
Charles Thurber, Worcester, 1841-1843. 
Jerome (lardner. Harvard, 1844- 1850. 
Joseph Bruce, Grafton, 1844-1850. 
Otis Adams, Grafton, 1850-1855. 
Bonum Nye, Xorth Brookfield, 1850-1857. 



Asaph Wood, Gardner, 1850-1862. 
Zadoc A. Taft, Uxbridge, 1855-1858. 
James Allen, Oakham, 1857-1859. 
Velorous Taft, Upton, 1858-1876. 
Amory Holman, Bolton, 1859-1869. 
J. \\'arren Bigclow, Rutland, 1862-1876. 
Wm. O. Brown, Fitchburg, 1869- 1889. 
Henry G. Taft, U.xbridge, 1876-1884, 1889- 

1903. 
Henry E. Rice, Barre, 1876-1880. 
George S. Duel, Brookfield, 1881-1888. 
James H. Barker, Milford, 1885-1888. 
Emerson Stone, Spencer, 1889- 1905. 
Charles J. Rice, Winchendon, 1890-1892. 

George W. Cook, Barre, 1892 . 

Arthur C. Moore of Southbridge, 1908. 
S. Augustus Howe of Gardner, 1908-10. 

Warren Goodale of Clinton, 1903 . 

George L. Ck-mence, Southbridge, 1905- 

1907. 



Physical Geography. — In a work by Joseph H. Perry, of Worcester, 
and Prof. Benjamin K. Emerson, of Amherst College, entitled "Geology 
of Worcester" (^1903), an exhaustive study of the physical geography, 
rocks and minerals of Worcester will be found. The flora of Worcester 
have been treated in a book by Miss Arabella H. Tucker. 

The principal hills of the city are: 

Bancroft, west of Salisbury street, near Park avenue, 720 feet above sea level. 

Bigelow, on Burncoat street north of Adams Sq., 725 feet. 

Chandler, south of Belmont street. 721 feet. 

Green, east of Lincoln street, 777 feet. 

Hancock, between Salisbury and Forest street. 780 feet. 

Messenger of Fairmount, north of North street, 620 feet 

Millstone, north of Belmont, 760 feet. 

Mt. Ararat, south of Ararat street, 780 feet 

Newton, between Park avenue. Highland and Pleasant streets, 672 feet. 

Oak, between Bloomingdale Road and Plantation streets, 700 feet. 

Pakachoag or Mt. St. James, site of Holy Cross College, 693 feet. 

Parker, Fowler street, 1,00a feet. 

Union, Providence street. 625 feet. 

Wigwam, Plantation street. 560 feet. 

Winter. Grove street near City Line, 980 feet. 

At City Hall, the elevation is 481 feet above sea level. 



CHAPTER XIV 
The City Government— 1848-1917 

The First Charter. — In this Commonwealth a jioiiuhition of ten tliou- 
sand has lieen in the past established by custom as the minimum rec|uired 
for the granting of a city cliarter to a town. In 1847 Worcester had 
attained that figure, and at a town meeting Nov. 8, 1847, it was voted 
to petition the General Court for incorporation as a city. The follow- 
ing committee was appointed to draft a charter and ])resent it to the legis- 
lature : Levi Lincoln, Stephen .Salisbury, Ira M. Barton, Isaac Davis, 
Benjamin F. Thomas, Edward Earle. James Estabrook, Aldred D. 
Foster, Thomas Kinnicutt and Ehenezer L. Ikirnard. The charter was 
accepted by the legislature in due time and signed by Gov. George N. 
Briggs, Feb. 29, 1848. It was accepted by the inhabitants in town meet- 
ing, March 18, 1848, by a vote of 1,02G to 487. 

At the first election Gov. Levi Lincoln (Jr.), the most prominent 
citizen of the town, was jiersuaded to become a candidate for mayor, and 
it was supposed that he would l)e elected without oi)position, Ijut he 
narrowly escaped defeat. Kev. Rodney A. Miller, supported by the rad- 
ical temperance element and political opponents of Lincoln, was the 
opposing candidate. The vote was: Lincoln, SoG ; Miller, (i");i. 

The new city government was inaugurated April 17, 1848. The 
first aldermen were: Parley Goddard, Benjamin F. Thomas, John W. 
Lincoln, James S. Woodworth, William B. Fox, James Estal)rook, 
Isaac Davis and Stephen Salisbury. The members of the first common 
council were: Dr. Benjamin F. Ileywood, Freeman Upham, Darius 
Rice, Horace Chenery, Gov. Alexander H. Bullock, Albert Curtis, Wil- 
liam T. Merrifield, Calvin Foster and Thomas Chamberlain. Charles A. 
Hamilton was city clerk and William .\. Smith clerk of the common 
council. The first city council was of the most distinguished, wealthy 
and capable citizens of the }uung cit}". Their biographies are given 
elsewhere in this work. 

The work of the council in (organizing may he indicated by the fact 
that the aldermen held no less than eighty-four meetings in the first 
year. Ordinances were drafted, changes in the cit}- hall laid out, and 
various city dejiartments established. Each department is treated sep- 
arately in this work. Lender the first charter the nnmicipal year began 
in April. Hut in 18.")0 it was amended and since 18.")! the official year has 
begun with the first Monday in Januarw 

A new charter of the city, an outcome of a strong recommendation 
of Mayor Henry A. Marsh in his inaugural, was granted by the General 
Court, in June, 1893, and accej^ted at the following city election. Its dis- 



3'/> 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 




tiiictivc feature was the separation of the legishitive and executive func- 
tions and a system of minority representation in the board of aldermen ; 
the creation of a board of license commissioners. The question of minor- 
ity representation was again submitted to the voters at the State election 
in 1894, and again approved. A revision of the city ordinances fol- 
lowed. The city assumed the town debts, the debt of the Center school 
district antl the .\queduct Cori)oration, and liegan business with an 
indebtedness of $1)0, (iT7. The total exj)enses of the first year were 
$G5,389. 

The act conferring the veto jiower upon the mayor was accepted 
by popular vote in 18T3, and the first veto was that of Mayor Clark Jill- 
son in that vear. of the order to lay out a portion of Park avenue through 
Elm Park, but the C(3uncil reaf^rmed the order and enacted it. 

Vote for Mayor Since Worcester Became a City 

D;ue of Election \'ote Pity. 

185J Jtihn S. C. Knowlton, Coa- 
lition 1015 4-3. 

Emory W'a.shburn. W.... 542 
William Dickinson, Temp. 83 

.'\lbert Tolman. F. S 63 

1853 J. S. C. Knowlton, Coal. 1088 430 
.Alexander H. Bullock, W. 658 
.■\le.xander Bullock, W.. . . 92 

.\lbert Tolman, F. S 164 

William Dickinson, Temp. 132 

1854 George W. Richardson, 
Know Nothing 1599 131 1 

James Estabrook, Dem... 288 



Date 


of Election 


Vote Pity. 


1848 


Levi Lincoln, Citizens... 


836 


183 




R. A. Miller, Temperance 


653 




1849 


Henry Chapin, Free Soil. 


1 158 


503 




Isaac Davis, Cit 


655 




1850 


Henry Chapin, F. S 


1063 


666 




John W. Lincoln, Whig.. 


397 






Pliny Merrick, Liberal.. 


278 




i8,m 


Peter C. Bacon. F. S 


1 134 


668 




Isaac Davis, Democrat.. 


466 






Charles Thurber, Juvenile 


420 






Warren Lazell, Cit 


160 




i8si 


*Peter C. Bacon, F. S.... 


1169 


3-'6 




John W. Lincoln, Dem... 


843 





AND ITS PEOPLE 



397 



Date of Election \'otc Pity. 

1855 Isaac Davis, Cit 971 i8y 

P. E. Aldrich, Repulilicaii 782 
Win. T. Mcrritieia. K. X . . 745 
John S. C. Kno\vlti>n. In- 
dependent 48 

1856 G. W. Richardson, K. X. 1,334 66 
Dwight Foster. Rep I2()8 

1857 Isaac Davis, Cit 1418 87 

Putnam \V. Taft, Union I3,;i 

1858 Alex, H, Bullock, Cit.... 1O55 57 
William W. Rice, Rep... 1598 

1859 William W. Rice, Rep 1679 824 

D. Waldo Lincoln, Dem.. 855 

i860 Isaac Davis, Cit 1648 176 

George M. Rice, Rep 1472 

1861 P. Emory .Aldrich, Rej).. 1711 in 
Isaac Davis, Cit 1600 

1862 D. Waldo Lincoln, Cit 1247 299 

David S. Messenger, Rep. 948 

1863 D. Waldo Lincoln, Cit.. 882 
All Others 7 

1864 Phineas Ball, Rep 1664 66 

D. Waldo Lincoln, Cit.. 1598 

1865 James B. Blake, Rep.... 1971 551 
D. Waldo Lincoln, Cit... 1420 

1866 James B. Blake, Rep 1711 

All Others 14 

1867 James B. Blake, Rep 2813 1440 

Isaac Davis, Cit 1373 

1868 James B. Blake, Rep 2653 

All Others 14 

18C9 James B. Blake, Rep 1800 1251 

J. Henry Hill, Dem 549 

1870 James B. Blake. Rep 2162 1511 

J. Henry Hilf. Dem 651 

1871 **Ed\vard Earle. Rep.... 2078 336 
Frank H. Kelley. Cit 1742 

1871 George F. Verry, Cit 3539 21 16 

George Crompton. Rep,. 1423 

1872 Clark Jillson. Rep 3352 478 

George F, Verry, Cit 2874 

1873 Edward L. Davis. Cit 3275 65 

Clark Jillson. Rep 3210 

1874 Clark Jillson. Ind 3896 339 

Edward L. Davis, Cit 3557 

1875 Clark Jillson, Ind 3900 463 

George F. \'erry, Dem .... 3437 

1876 Charles B. Pratt, Dem... 3651 278 
Joseph H. Walker. Rep.. 3373 

1877 Charles B. Pratt, Cit 5052 3754 

William S. Lincoln, Cit. 1298 
Tim. K. Earle, Prohibition 99 



Dale of Election \'ote Pity. 

1878 Charles I!. Pratt, Cit 3216 1269 

William Dickinson, Cit... 1947 

1879 I'rank H. Kelley, Cit 2971 255 

Elijah B. Stoddard, Rep. 2716 
Horace H. Bigelow, Dem. 1087 
Arthur J. Marble, Peoples 99 

1880 Frank 11. Kelley, Cit 4269 !779 

Clark Jillson, Cit 2490 

1881 Elijali B. Stoddard, Cit.. 4650 3079 
Calvin L. Hartshorn, Ind. 1571 

1882 Samuel E. Hildreth, Rep. 4125 187 
Elijah B. Stoddard, Cit. 3938 

1883 Charles C. Reed, Cit 4941 349 

Samuel E. Hildreth, Rep. 4592 

1S84 Charles G. Reed, Cit 5141 1515 

Samuel E. Hildreth, Rep. 3O26 

1885 Samuel Winslow, Rep... 5006 1535 
Charles B. Pratt. Dem... 3471 
Edward D. Conant. Pro.. 272 

1886 Samuel Winslow. Rep... 5811 808 
John R. Thayer, Dem... 5003 

1887 Samuel Winslow. Rep..., 5767 1223 

Andrew Atliy, Dem 4544 

Horace M. Hedden, Pro. 284 

1888 Samuel Winslow, Rep..., 5764 975 
Levis Cj. White, Citizens- 
Democrat 4789 

1889 Fran. A. Harrington, Rep. 5365 346 
A. G. Bullock, Cit.-Dem. 5019 
Henry C. Graton, Pro... 368 

1890 Fran. A. Harrington, Rep. 7091 2368 
Benjamin W. Childs, Dem. 4723 

1891 Fran. A. Harrington, Rep. 6723 1076 
Joseph S. Perry. Demo- 
crat-Citizens 5647 

1892 Henry .A. Marsh, Rep.... 7790*1977 
James E. Estabrook. Dem. 5813 

1893 Henry A. Marsh. Rep... 12420 
All Others 27 

1894 Henry A. Marsh. Rep 7973 2979 

Webster Thayer. Dem.... 4994 

1895 Aug. B. R. Sprague, Cit.. 6977 80s 
Rut". B. Dodge Jr., Rep... 6172 

1896 Aug. B. R. Sprague, Dem.- 

Cit 7754 987 

Samuel E. Winslow, Rep. 6767 

1897 Rufus B. Dodge Jr., Rep. 6354 734 
Aug. B. R Sprague, Dem.- 

Cit 5620 

Rosto (\ Wood, Socialist 

Lal"> 1 139 

Erasti's '' Eldridge, Peo. 165 



398 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Date of Election Vote Pity. 

i8g8 Rufus B. Dodge Jr., Rep. 7499 3165 
James K. Churchill, Dem. 4334 
Chas. K. Hardy, Soc.-Lab. 929 

1899 Rufus B. Dodge Jr., Rep. 7626 3226 
John Alden Thayer, Dem. 4400 
Chas. G. Marcy, Soc. Lab. 297 
Edgar S. Goodwill. So- 
cialist Labor, Ind 139 

Geo. W. Saunders, Demo- 
crat-Socialist 134 

1900 William A. Lytle, Rep... 8061 
Philip J. O'Connell. Dem. 8061 
Addison W. Barr, Dem.- 

Soc 469 

Edgar S. Goodwill, Soc.- 
Lab 222 

Scattering 7 

1901 ***Philip J. O'Connell, 

Dem 9559 511 

William A. Lytle, Rep... 9048 
igoi Edward F. Fletcher, Rep. 9328 393 
Philip J. O'Connell, Dem. 8935 
Charles G. Marcy, Dem.- 

Soc 161 

John T. Hargraves, Soc- 

Lal) 84 

1902 Edward F. Fletcher, Rep. 9723 iioo 
Philip J. O'Connell, Dem. 8623 
Thomas P. Abbott, Soc... 350 

1903 Walter H. Blodget, Rep. 9683 615 
David F. O'Connell, Dem. 9068 

Olof Bokelund, Soc 299 

Daniel J. Weare, Soc. Lab. 69 

1904 Walter H. Blodget, Rep.. 10383 1084 
David F. O'Connell, Dem. 9299 
Howard A. Gibbs, Soc. 232 
Walter J. Hoar, Soc. Lab. 79 



Date of Election \'ote Pity. 

1905 John T. Duggan, Dem... 9997 1382 
Melvin G. Overlock, Rep. 8615 
Louis F. Weiss, Soc 222 

1906 John T. Duggan, Deni...l0i57 1913 
Melvin G. Overlock, Rep. 8244 
Louis F. Weiss, Soc 210 

1907 James Logan, Rep 11018 1678 

John T. Duggan, Dem... 9340 
Eliot White, Soc 240 

1908 James Logan, Rep 12800 2376 

Thomas J. Barrett, Dem. .10424 
Thomas P. Abbott, Soc. 379 

1909 James Logan, Rep 131 13 3832 

James F. McGovern, Dem. 9281 
Gustaf A. Quist, Soc 262 

1910 James Logan, Rep 10813 102 

David F. O'Connell, Dem.i07ii 
Gustaf A. Quist, Soc 190 

191 1 David F. O'Connell, Dem.11792 2033 
George F. Brooks, Rep... 9759 
Louis F. Weiss, Soc 264 

1912 George M. Wright, Rep.11990 2330 
David F. O'Connell, Dem. 9660 

1913 George M. Wright, Rep.13087 5843 
Thomas J. Barrett, Dem. 7244 

J. W. Armour, Progressive 747 
Max E. Lubin, Soc 197 

1914 George ^L Wright, Rep.. 13254 6585 
James F. Carberry, Dem. 6669 
Maturin B. Magoon, Soc. 290 

1915 John H. Reardon, Dem... 9302 
Geo. M. W'right, Rep 121522850 

1916 Pehr G. Holmes, Rep.... 12609 3085 
John H. Reardon, Dem.. 9624 



*First December election. 

*'*Election in Januarv to fill vacancv caused bv death of Mavor Blake, December 
18, 1870. 

'**'''Election in Februarj- because of tie vote. 

Mayors 

(Dates not inclusive. Each year of service indicated) 



P. Emory .■Mdrich, 1862. 

Peter C. Bacon, 1851-52. 

Phinehas Ball, 1865. 

James B. Blake, 1866-67-68-69-70. 

Walter H. Blodget, 1904-05. 

Alexander H. Bullock, 1859. 

Henry Chapin, 1849-50. 



Edward L, Davis, 1874. 

Isaac Davis, 1856-58-61. 

Rufus B. Dodge Jr., 1898-99-1900. 

John T. Duggan, 1906-07. 

Edward Earle, 1871. 

Edward F. Fletcher, 1902-03. 

Francis A. Harrington, 1890-91-92. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



399 



Samuel E. Hildrt-tli. 1883. 
Pehr G. Holmes. 1917-18. 
Clark Jillson, 1873-75-76. 
Frank H. Kelley. 1880-81. 
John S. C. Knowlton, 1853-54. 
Daniel Waldo Lincoln, 1863-64. 
Levi Lincoln. 1848. 
James Logan, iyo8-oy- to-i i. 
Henry A. Marsh, 1893-94-95. 
David F. O'Connell, 1912. 



I'hili|i J. (_)'Ccinnell, igoi. 
Charles 1!. Pratt, 1877-78-79. 
fliarles (.. Reed. 1884-85. 
William \V. Rice. i860, 
(leorge W. Richardson, 1855-57. 
Augustus B. R. Sprague, 1896-97. 
Elijah B. Stoddard. 1882. 
CJeorge F. Verry. 1872. 
Samuel Winslow. 1886-87-88-89. 
(icorge M. Wright. 1913-14-15-16. 



Aldermen 



(Each year of service indicated I 



Andrew Athy. 1881-82-83-84-85-86. 

Adolph F. Almgren. 1907. 

Joshua Arnisby, 1859. 

John R. Back, 1899-1900. 

Peter C. Bacon, 1849. 

Emory Banister. 1872. 

Lewis Barnard, 1870-71-74-75. 

Thomas J. Barrett, 1898-99. 

Edwin G. Barrett, 1901-02-03 (president). 

Jonas Bartlett. 1858-59. 

George S. Barton. 1867-68-69-70-71. 

Herb. B. Belcher, 1902-03-04 (president). 

Louis A. Belisle, 1003. 

Merrick Bemis. 1S61-62-63 (resigned). 

Julian F. Bigelow. 1903-04. 

Walter Bigelow. 1865. 

Harrison Bliss, 1861-63-64-65-75-76. 

Carl H. C. Bock. 1904. 

Benjamin Booth. 1887-88-89-90. 

Herbert A. Booth, 1905-06. 

W. Levi Bousquet. 1900-01 (president). 

John G. Brady. 1883-84-85. 

Henry Brannon, 1895-96-98-99 (presi- 
dent). 

Lucius L. Brigham. 1886-87. 

George F. Brooks, 1906-07-08-09-10-11 
(president). 

George A. Brown. 1866. 

Ar. B. Brunell (at large), 1908-09-10. 

Asa L. Burbank. i860. 

Clarence L. Burgess, 1906. 

Joseph Burroughs, 1872-73. 

Thomas .A. Callahan, 1905. 

James F. Carberry, 1899-1900. 

Cornelius J. Carmody, 1906. 

Henry H. Chamberlin, 1872-73. 

George Chandler, 1862. 

Anthony Chase, 1850. 



Jolm F. Chase. 1914-15. 

Simeon Clapp. 1867, died Aiay 31, 1867. 

William L. Clark. 1884. 

Edwin C. Cleveland. 1865-68-69-70. 

George H. Coates. 1907-08 (president), 

1909-10-11. 
Aury G. Coes. 1866-73-74. 
Loring Coes, 1859-82-83. 
Caleb Colvin, 1884. 
Michael J. Comerford, 1911-12. 
Frederick \. Cooke, igog-io. 
Harry A. Conke, 1916-17 — . 
George W. Coombs, 1892-93-94-95. 
Jiihn H. Connolly. 1904-05-06-07. 
Ci 'melius W. Corliett. 1916-18. 
Phinehas Crandall, 1853. 
Ellery B. Crane, 1886-87. 
Edwin P. Crerie. 1903. 
George Crompton. 1863-64. 
Edward D. Cunningham. 1902. 
.Mlicrt Curtis. 1857. 
David F. Daley. 1917. 
Daniel W. Darling, 1896. 
Isaac Davis, 1848-52. 
Samuel Davis. 1855. 
Theodore H. Day, 1904-05 (president). 
Francis H. Dewey. 1866. 
William Dickinson. 1850-52 (resigned), 

1877-78. 
Walter S. Doane. 1912 (president), 1913 

(president). 
R. B. Dodge Jr.. 1893-94-95 (president). 
Edwin Draper, i860. 
William A. Draper, 1849. 
Calvin Dyer, 1864-65. 
Henry Earl, 1855-57. 
Edward Earle. 1853. 
Enoch Earle. 1896-97. 



400 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Jolin M. Earlc, 1851. 

Oliver K. Earle. 1866-67. 

J. Lewis Ellsworth, 1886-87 (president), 

1888 (president). 1889-90. 
Lyman A. Ely, 1888-89-90-91 (president). 
James Estabrook, 1848. 
.Austin G. Fitch, 1849. 
Dana H. Fitch, 1867. 
Daniel F. Fitzgerald, 1896. 
Maurice V. Fitzgerald, 1911. 
Michael J. Fitzgerald, 1917-18. 
Benjamin Flagg. 1849-53. 
Hiram Fobes, 1881-82. 
William Forsberg, 1908-09. 
Calvin Foster, 1856. 
William B. Fox, 1848. 
William B, Fox, Jr., 1858. 
Jonathan C. French, 1866. 
James A. Gallagher, 1915-16-17. 
Thomas J. Gannon. 1909-10. 
Charles F. Garrity, 1913-14. 
A. Frank Gates, 1890-91-92 (president), 

1893 (president), 1894. 
Moses D. Gilman, 1894-96, 
Howard P. Gleason, igo6. 
John F. Gleason, 1852. 
Dorrance S. Goddard, 1874-75-81-82. 
Henry Goddard, 1865-68-69. 
Isaac Goddard, 1859-60-61. 
Parley Goddard. 1848. 
W'illiam F. Goldsmith, 1905. 
Henry (joulding, 1855-57. 
Francis W. Grout, 1891-92-93-94, 
Henry B. Hakes, 1865-66. 
Joseph P. Hall, 1856 (resigned), 
Samuel D. Harding, 1853-54-62-72-73-74- 

7S-7^-77- 

Adam Harrington, 1862. 

Daniel Harrington, 1851. 

Daniel A. Harrington, 1895-96. 

Francis Harrington, i860. 

Francis A. Harrington, 1887-88-89 (pres- 
ident). 

H. Augustus Harrington, 1900-OI. 

Thomas Harrington, 1869-70. 

William H. Harris, 1855. 

Charles H. Harris, 1907-08. 

James L. Harrop, 1911-12. 

Benjamin F. Haywood, 1856-58, 

Samuel R. Haywood, 1860-61. 

George F. Hawett, 1880. 

Charles H. Hildreth, 2d, 1897-98. 

Samuel E. Hildreth, 1867-68. 

George Hobbs, 1861-63-64. 



Pliny Holbrook, 1858-59. 

Pehr G. Holmes, 1913-14-15 (at large) 

(pres.), 1916 (pres., at large). 
John P. Holmgren, 1907-08. 
George S. Hoppin. 1873-74. 
Charles C. Houghton, 1880-81. 
Hannibal Hamlin Houghton, 1866-67-68- 

69. 
Napoleon P. Huot. 1897-98-99. 
John F. Jandron, 1902. 
Edwin W. Jenkins, 1916. 
Geo. N. Jeppson, 1909 (president), 1910 

(pres.). 
Warren C. Jewett, 1891-92-93-94 (pres.). 
Albert L Johnson, 1914-15-16. 
John G. Johnson, 1915. 
John W. Jordan, 1870-71. 
William H. Jourdan, 1873-74-75-76. 
Charles A. Kelley, 1909-10. 
Frank H. Kelley, 1863-64-70-71-79. 
Edward Kendall, 1867-68-69-70. 
Louis J. Kendall, 1900-01. 
Sanford C. Kendall, 1899- 1900 (pres.). 
George P. Kendrick, 1877-78-79-80. 
Homer R. King, 1894-95-96. 
Edward Lamb, 1852-56. 
John E. Lancaster, 1901-02. 
Mowry A. Lapham, 1876-77-78-79-80-81. 
Narcisse J. Lavigne, 1917 (at large), 1918 

(at large). 
Warren Lazell, 1849-50. 
Herbert N. Leach, 1909-10. 
Anthony A. Lapore, 1916. 
Daniel Waldo Lincoln, 1858-59. 
Daniel W. Lincoln, 1915, 
John W. Lincoln, 1848. 
William S, Lincoln, 1856. 
Wilhelm G. Litchtenfels, 1900-01-02 

(died). 
Granville A. Longley, 1887-88-89-90. 
John D. Lovell, 1867-68. 
Frederick H. Lucke, 1911-12. 
William A. Lytle, 1891-92-97. 
Matthew J. McCaffarty, 1882-83. 
Joseph S. McDonough, 1911-12. 
Warren McFarland, 1875-76-77-78, 
Francis P. McKeon, 1914-15. 
Edward J. McMahon, 1901-02-03. 
John C. Maronay, 1915. 
Michael F. Malone, 1913-14, 
Cornelius S. Mannix, 1908. 
Edwin T. Marble, 1869-70-71-72. 
Jerome Marble, 1866. 
Henry A. Marsh, 1 878-79-80-81. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



401 



John H. MeagluT, 190J-03. 
James H. Melk-n, 1897-98-1907-08. 
Walter L. Mellcii. 1909-10. 
William T. Merrifiekl, 1855. 
David S. jMessenger, 1858-50-60. 
Jonas M. Miles, 1850-51. 
John W. Mitchell, 1901-07-08. 
William T. Mitcliell, 1917-18. 
Fred A. Minor, 1917-18. 
Joseph P. Morrisey. 1904. 
Adolphus Morse, 1851 (resigned). 
Edwin Morse, 1865. 
John L. Murphy, 1878-79. 
Christian Nelson, 1915-16-17. 
William H. Nelson, 191J-14. 
Calvin Newton, 185J. 
Philip J. O'Connell, 1899-1900. 
David F. O'Connell, 1896-97-98. 
Giistaf Olin, 1916-17. 
Hvigh O'Rourke, 1912-13. 
Charles A. Orstrom, 1910. 
Edmund L. Parker, 1892-93, 
Edward O. Parker, 1885-86, 
Mark M. Patterson, 1907-08. 
Thomas Pierce, 1858. 
Moses D. Phillips, 1853-54. 
Charles H. Pinkliam, 1892-93. 
Francis Plunkett, 1890-91-92-93. 
Lucius W. Pond, 1862. 
Samuel A. Porter, 1884-85-86-87. 
Burton W. Potter, 1897-98 (president). 
John J. Power, 1905-06. 
Chas. B. Pratt, 1861-62-63 (resigned). 
Joseph Pratt, 1850-51. 
Sumner Pratt, 1876-77. 
Charles G. Prentice, 1849. 
Henry Prentice, 1852-56-57-58 (resigned). 
John B. Ratigan, 1903. 
Charles G. Reed, 1880-81-82-83. 
Maurice F. Reidy, 1911-12. 
Abram A. Rheutan, 1894-95. 
Seneca M. Richardson, 1879-80. 
Thomas M. Rogers, 1886-87. 
Charles F. Rugg, 1884-85. 
George W. Rugg, 1865. 
Gilbert J. Rugg, 1871-72-85. 
Draper Ruggles, 1858. 
Victor E. Runo, 1911 (at large). 
Edward J. Russell, 1898. 
George W. Russell, 1850-51. 
Stephen Salisbury, 1848. 
Stephen Sawyer. 1876-77-78-79-80. 
William H. Sawyer, 1888-89. 
David A. Scott, 1913-14 (at large). 
W.— 1-26. 



James B. Scrimgeour, 1905-06. 

John .\. Sears, 1904 (resigned). 

J. Otis Sibley, 1912-13-14. 

John B. N. Soulliere, 1912 (at large). 

J.ihn P. Southgate, 1855-57. 

.■\ugustus B. R. Sprague, 1871. 

(ieorge R. Spurr, 1872-73-74-75. 

.Arthur T. Squires, 1913-14 (president), 

1915- 
Charles W. Stevens, 1911-12-13. 
Harry L. Stockwell, 1907 (died). 
Elijah B. Stoddard, 1863-64. 
Lucian B. Stone, 1901. 
Samuel V. Stone, 1856. 
Francis Strong, 1857-62. 
Leonard W. Sturtevant, 1861-63. 
Peter F. Sullivan, 1907-08-09-10, 
Jesse P. Taber, 1913. 
Stephen Taft, 1861-63-64. 
Charles T. Tatman, 1906. 
Reuben James Tatman, 1882-83. 
Marvin M. Taylor, 1916-17. 
Ransom C. Taylor, 1873-74. 
Lewis J. Terrill, 1904. 
Alexander Thayer, 1859-60. 
Eli Thayer, 1854. 
John R. Thayer, 1883-84-85 (president), 

1886 (pres.). 
Webster Thayer, 1890-91. 
Benjamin F. Thomas, 1848. 
.Albert M. Thompson, 1897-98. 
.Albert Tolman, 1860-68-69. 
\'incent E. Tomlinson, 1916-17 (pres.). 
Peter J. Turner, 1875. 
Freeman LIpham, 1852. 
.Alfred M. Van Dusen, 1914-15. 
Charles A. Vaughan, 1899-1900. 
Gill Valentine, 1853. 
Alvin Waite, i85'S. 
Benjamin Walker, 1854-62-81-82. 
George F. Wall, 1899 (died). 
James H. Wall, 1854-55-56, 
Otis Warren, 1884. 
Charles Washburn, 1854. 
Ichabod Washburn, 1851. 
Charles A. Wheeler, 1863-64. 
William A. Wlieeler, 1849-57. 
Alonzo A, White, 1895-96 (president). 
Charles White, 1849-50-53-57- 
George N. White, 1905-06 (president). 
Peregrine Foster White, 1888-89. 
George C. Whitney, 1888-89-90-91. 
Harry A. Wilber, 191 1-12. 
Hartley Williams, 1854. 



402 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



John M. Williams, 1876-77-78-79. 
William A. Williams, 1853-54. 
Samuel Winslow, 1885. 
Calvin Woodward, 1856, declined. 
David Woodward, 1850-51-52. 



Edward M. Woodward, 1897 (president). 
James S. Woodworth, 1848-56. 
George M. Wright, 1902. 
Horace Wyman, 1871-72. 



The Common Council— 1848-1917 



(Dates not inclusive. Each year of service indicated) 



Charles P. Adams, 1907-08. 

Harry A. Adams, 1913, died in office. 

John F. Adams, 1891-92-93-94. 

William Adams. 1859. 

Nathan Ainsworth, 1851. 

J. Brown Alden, 1863. 

Charles F. Aldrich, 1887-88. 

Pardon W. Aldrich, 1858. 

Alvin Allen, 1848-49-58. 

George L. Allen, 1889-90. 

Josiah W. Allen, 1854-61-67. 

William .Mien, 1870-71-72. 

Adolph F. Almgren, 1906. 

Edwin Ames, 1870-71-72-73. 

Samuel C. Andrews, 1880-81-82-83. 

Roswell P. Angier, 1852-53. 

Isaac AUaben, 1906. 

Albert H. Anthony, 1910-11. 

Oscar E. Arkwell, 1908-09. 

Joshua M. C. Armsby, 1857-68. 

Frank A. Atherton, 1891-92-93-94. 

Andrew Athy, 1865-69-70-71-72-73-74-75- 

76-77-78-79-80. 
John R. Back, 1896-97-98. 
William R. Baker, 1911-12-13-14. 
John S. Baldwin, 1866-67-68-69. 
Oliver M. Ball, 1887-88. 
Phinehas Ball, 1862-63 (resigned). 
Richard Ball, 1860-61-63-64 (president). 
Charles Ballard, 1874-75 (president). 
Charles H. Ballard, 1857-68. 
Marshall S. Ballord, 1852-53. 
Timothy Bancroft, 1853. 
William F. Bancroft, 1883-84-85-86. 
Manly P. Barber Jr., 1916-17 (resigned). 
Levi Barker, 1852-53-56-58. 
Richard Barker. 1861-62-63-74-75. 
Frank P. Barnard, 1907-08-09-10. 
Frederick J. Barnard, 1882. 
George A. Barnard, 1879-80. 
John Barnard, 1859. 
Hartley W. Bartlett. 1908-09-10-11. 
Stephen Bartlett, 1848. 
Charles S. Barton, 1888. 



George S. Barton. 1858-59-62-63-64. 

George E. Batchelder, 1880-81-82-83. 

Charles Belcher, 1874-75-76-77. 

Alexander Belisle Jr., 1888-89-90-91. 

Eugene Belisle, 1894-95-96-97. 

J. Orlando Bemis, 1867. 

Gustaf A. Berg, 1911-12. 

Gustaf E. Bergstrom, 1912-13. 

William M. Bickford, 1852-53-57. 

Alvah W. Bigelow, 1891-92-93-94. 

F. C. Bigelow, 1858, resigned. 

Julian F. Bigelow, 1899-1900-01. 

Walter Bigelow, 1861. 

Francis W. Blacker, 1882-83. 

Parrit Blaisdell, 1872. 

James C. Blake, 1906-07-08-09. 

R. E. Blake, 1869-70. 

Benjamin Booth, 1 880-81 -82-83. 

Herbert A. Booth, 1903-04. 

Charles Bowen, 1848-52-56. 

David Boyden, 1895. 

Elbridge Boyden. 1860-65. 

George W. Boyden, 1876-77 (president), 

1878 (president), 1879 (president). 
Joseph Boyden, 1858. 
John E. Bradley, 1885-86. 
Osgood Bradley Jr., 1865-66. 
John G. Brady, 1881-82. 
William J. Bragg, 1900-OI-02-03. 
Calvin Brigham, 1848-50. 
John S. Brigham, 1887-88-89-90. 
Joseph D. Brigham, 1850-51. 
Silas H. Brimhall, 1861-62. 
John H. Brooks, 1849-50. 
Nathaniel Brooks, 1848. 
Albert Brown, 1850. 
Albert S. Brown, 1880. 
Lyman Brown. 1858-59-60-62-64-65-67. 
Samuel Brown, 1870-71. 
Theodore P. Brown, 1893-94 (president). 
Willard Brown, 1854. 
Louis H. Buckley, 1906-07 (president), 

1908 (pres.), 1909 (pres.). 
.Alexander H. Bullock, 1848. 



JXD ITS PEOPLE 



403 



George- (i. IJurhank, 1804. 
John F. Burhank, 1851-5J (i)resident). 
Clarence L. Burgess, 1905. 
Daniel S. Burgess, 1850-51-52. 
Patrick Burke, 1864. 
William H. Burns, 1893-94. 
G. Alfred Busby, 1903-04. 
James F. Cairns, 1912-13. 
Ale.xander B. Campbell, 1912-13-14 (pres- 
ident), 1915 (president). 
James F. Carberry, 1896. 
Cornelius J. Carmody, 1904-05. 
Bernard Carroll. 1864. 
Patrick H. Carroll, 1873-74. 
A. H. Chaffee, 1896. 
Moore M. Chaffin, 1858. 
Ephraim F. Chamberlain, i860. 
George A. Chamberlain, 1859. 
Henry H. Chamberlin, 1850-51. 
Robert H, Chamberlain. 1869-70. 
Thomas Chamberlain. 1848 (president). 
Lysander Chandler, 1854. 
Nathan H. Chandler. 1873-74. 
John F. Chase, 1912-13. 
Joseph Chase. 1869-71-72. 
Horace Chenery, 1848-55. 
Joseph P. Cheney. 1855-56. 
Joseph P. Cheney Jr., 1886-87. 

Benjamin \V. Childs, 1883-84. 

Charles S. Childs. 1860-71-72. 
James K. Churchill, 1874-75. 

Simeon Clapp, i860. 

Edwin S, Clark, 1903-04-05-06. 

Ezra P. Clark. 1853. 

Frederick S. Clark, 1913-14-15-16. 

George H. Clark, 1863-64-67-68. 

George L. Clark, 1900-01. 

Joseph Clark. 1870. 

William S. Clark, 1877-78-79-80. 

Josiah H. Clarke. 1861. 

Frederick Clee. 1900-01 (president). 

Edwin C. Cleveland, 1862. 

DeWitt Clinton, 1905-06 (president). 

George S. Clough, 1887-88-89-90. 

Aury G. Coes. 1857-58-59-60. 

Loring Coes. 1875-76-77-78-79-80. 

James C. Coffey. 1881-82-83. 

Henry Coley. 1897. 

Samuel H. Colton, 1851-52-53. 

Caleb Colvin, 1870-76-77. 

Edward I. Comins, 1885-86 (president) 
1887 (president), 1888 (president). 

Irving E. Comins, 1890-91-92-93 (pres.). 

Patrick D. Conlin, 1872-73. 



John H. Connolly, 1895-96-97-98-99-1900- 

01-02-03. 
David W. Cooke, 1852. 
Frederick X. Cooke, 1907-08. 
Harry A. Cooke, 191 5. 
Simeon E. Coombs, 1871. 
Cornelius W. Corbett, 1913-14-15. 
J. B. Cosgrove, 1873. 
William J. Cotter, 1913-14- 
A. B. Couch, 1868-69. 
John Cove, 1872-73-74. 
EUery B. Crane, 1876-77-78-79. 
\N'illiam H. Crawford. 1884-85. 
George Crompton, 1860-61. 
James M. Cronin, 1887-88. 
James P. Crosby, 1891-92-1900-01. 
Edward D. Cunningham, 1888-89. 
.Augustus N. Currier, 1862. 
Albert Curtis, 1848. 
.Appleton Dadmun. 1859-61-62-64. 
Fred H. Daniels Jr.. 1915-16-17. 
Joseph D. Daniels. 1855-58-64. 
Thomas Daniels. 1880-81. 

Daniel W. Darling. 1892-93-94-95. 

.Andrew McFarland Davis, 1863. 

Edward L. Davis. 1865-66-67 (president). 

Ira Davis, 1906-07. 
Joel Davis, 1857. 

Nelson H. Davis. 1899-1900-01-02. 

.\dam Dawson, 1851. 

Theodore H. Day, 1902-1903. 

John H. Deady, 1906. 

Frank L. Dean. 1901-02. 

Henry E. Dean. 1902-03-04-05. 

John Dean, 1867-68. 

Thomas F. Dean. 1907-08-09-10-11-12. 

William F. Dearborn, 1881-82-83-84. 

.Arthur E. Dennis, 1884-85-86-87. 

Samuel B. Dennis, 1853. 

Daniel E. Denny. 1904-05 (president). 

J. Waldo Denny, 1861. 

Francis H. Dewey. 1861. 

.\lexander DeWitt. 1849. 

John B. Dexter. 1855. 

William H. Dexter. 1873-74-77-78. 

William Dickinson. 1849-50. 

George S. Dixon. 1891-92-93-94. 

Walter S. Doane. 1908-09-10. 

Hugh Doherty. 1862-63. 

David A. Donnelly. 1901-02-03-04. 

Thomas Doon, 1875. 

Thomas D. Dowd. igi6. 

Edwin Draper. 1848-49-57-59. 

Thomas Drew, 1850. 



404 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Philip H. Duprey, 1914-15-16. 
Joseph M. Dyson, 1889-90-91-92. 
James Early, 1884-85-86-87. 
James J. Early, 1907-08-09-10. 
Henry Earle, 1852-53-54-55. 
Warren H. Eddy, 1916-17. 
Isaac Ellsbree, 1905. 
Charles H. Ellsworth. 1895-96. 
J. Lewis Ellsworth. 1880-81-82-83. 
Lyman A. Ely, 1886-87. 
James Estabrook, 1854 (president). 
James E. Estabrook, 1859-60-61 (pres.). 
James F. Estey, 1861. 
Jonathan F. Estey, 1862. 
William J. Estey, 1883-84. 
Edward T. Esty, 1906-07-08-09-10 (pres- 
ident), 191 1 (president). 
John P. Fay, 1890-91-92-93. 
Leon E. Felton, 1916. 
Samuel T. Field, 1853. 
DeWitt Fisher, 1865. 
Edward R. Fiske, 1872-73. 
Dana H. Fitch, 1856-59-60-66. 
James M. Fitch, 1849. 
Daniel F. Fitzgerald, 1888-89-90-91-92- 

93-94-95- 
Maurice \'. Fitzgerald. 1907-08-09-10. 
Michael J. Fitzgerald, 1913-14-15-16. 
John J. Flaherty, 1890-91-92-93-94-95. 
Edward F. Fletcher, 1892-93. 
Austin Flint, 1856-57. 
Hiram Fobes, 1879-80. 
R. O. Forbush, 1853. 
Calvin Foster, 1848-54. 
Charles W. Freeland, 1856. 
Frank E. Freeman, 1916-17-18. 
Everett W. French, 1866. 
Jonathan C. French, 1865. 
James A. Gallagher, 1910-11. 
John B. Gallagher, 1884. 
Peter S. Gallagher, 1899-1900. 
William J. Gannon, 1905. 
Charles F. Garrity, 1910-11-12. 
Francis A. Gaskill, 1875-76. 
George .A. Gates, 1863. 
John Gates, 1848-55. 
George Geer, 1873-74-75-/6. 
Henry Gendron, 1912-13. 
Peregrine B. Gilbert, 1851. 
Moses D. Gilman. 1883-84-85-86. 
Howard P. Gleason, 1902-03-04-05. 
John F. Gleason, 1849-50-51. 
Louis P. Glixman, 1904-05-06-10-11-14-15. 
Benjamin Goddard 2d, 1849-50. 



Daniel Goddard, 1848. 

Dorrance S. Goddard, 1872. 

Henry Goddard, 1860-62-73-74. 

Isaac Goddard, 1848-49. 

Charles H. Goodell, 1906-07. 

Albert A. Gordon, 1866. 

Brigham Goss, 1851-52, declined. 

Ransom M.Gould, 1856-57, resigned, 1858- 

59-67-68. 
Henry Goulding, 1854. 
Malcolm Grant, 1910-11-12. 
William N. Green, 1853 (president). 
John R. Greene, 1862-63-64. 
William Greenleaf, 1859. 
Charles Greenwood, 1884-85. 
Henry Grifiin, 1855. 
William J. Guilfoyle, 1917. 
John S. Gustin, 1856-57-58. 
Henry W. Guy, 1914-15. 
Ernest J. Gwilliam, 1908-09- 10- 1 1. 
Obadiah B. Hadwen, 1860-68. 
Henry B. Hakes, i860. 
Clarence M. Hall, 1912-13-14-15. 
Frank B. Hall, 1894-95-96-97 (president), 

1898 (president). 
Franklin Hall, 1850. 
Frank L. Ham, 1913-14-15-16. 
Oscar C. Hammarstrom, 1906-09. 
Parley Hammond, 1855. 
Timothy W. Hammond, 1858, resigned, 

1859-68-69-70. 
Samuel D. Harding, 1852-56. 
Elisha A. Harkness, 1864-65. 
Thomas F. Harney, 1901-02. 
Charles A. Harrington, 1882-83. 
Charles A. Harrington, 1909-10-11-12 

(president), 1913 (president). 
Daniel Harrington, 1849-50. 
Francis Harrington, 1855. 
John W. Harrington, 1907-08. 
Charles H. Harris, 1903-04-05-06. 
William H. Harris. 1850. 
James L. Harrop, 1909-10. 
Calvin L. Hartshorn. 1871-72-73-74. 
Jonas Hartshorn, 1851-54. 
Thomas J. Hastings, 1875-76 (president). 
George S. Hatch, 1894-95-96-97. 
O. L. Hatch, 1870-71. 
Samuel Hathaway, 1858. 
Daniel A. Hawkins Jr., 1865-66-67. 
Frank M. Heath, 1897-98-99-1900. 
Olaf G. Hedlund, 1900-01-02-03. 
Paul Henry, 1876-77-78-79. 
Walter Henry, 1859-61 -62-66-67-68-70-71. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



405 



Geo. F. Hewctt. i8o8-69-7o-7i-7^-73-74-"5- 

Benjamin F. Hcywood, 1848. 

Samuel R. Heywood, 1859-73 (president) 

William H. Heywood, 1876-77-78-79- 

Willie E. Higgins, 1904-05. 

Charles H. Hildreth 2d, 1895-96. 

Samuel E. Hildreth, 1866. 

Edwin H. Hill. 1877-78-81. 

David Hitchcock, 1856. resigned. 

Rock wood Hoar, 1888-89-90-91 (pres.). 

Clarence W. Hobbs Jr., 1909. 

George Hobbs, 1854. 

Pliny Holbrook. 1852. 

Charles S. Holikn. 1901-02-03 (presi 

dent), 1904. 
Pehr G. Holmes, 1908-09-10-1 1. 
John P. Holmgren, 1905-06. 
George S. Hoppin, 1865-66. 
Samuel Houghton, 1869-70. 
Michael D. Houlihan, 1885-86. 
Frank J. Houston. 1893-94. 
Francis Hovcy, 1854. 
John \V. Howe, 1872-73. 
Henry J. Howland, 1850. 
E. W. Hoxie, 1892-93. 
William B. Hoyt, 1906-07-08. 
Ira B. Hubbard, 1904-05. 
Leonard R. Hudson. 18O2-65-67-68-69. 
Ozias Hudson. 1855. 
George C. Hunt, 1897-98-99-1900 (pres.). 
George E. Hunt, 1906. 
James Hunt, 1897-98-99. 
John A. Hunt, 1853. 
Gerry Hutchinson. 1868-69-70-71. 
Salisbury Hyde, 1865-66. 
William H. Jacobs. 1863-64. 
Jolin F. Jandron. 1894-95. 
John C. Jaques, 1856. 
George N. Jeppson, 1902-03. 
Warren C. Jewett. 1888-89-90. 
Albert I. Johnson, 1910-11-12-13, 
Fred D. Johnson. 1896-97-98-99. 
John G. Johnson. 1913-14. 
Edward Jones, 1881-82. 
Frederick B. Jordan, 1904. 
John W. Jordan, 1860-62. 
Albert H. Inman, 1896-97-98-99. 
Frank H. Kelley, 1861-62. 
Oran A. Kelley, 1856-57. 
Oran A. Kelley, 1885-86. 
Michael E. Kelly, 1904-05-06-07. 
M. Fillmore Kelsey. 1903-04-05. 
Louis J. Kendall, 1897-98-99. 
John M. Kendall, 1902-03-04-05. 



Sanford C. Kendall, 1895-96-97-98- 

Cornelius S. Kennedy, 1885. 

Jolm A. Kennedy, 1896. 

William Kickham, 1875-76. 

Homer R. King, 1891-92-93. 

Lucius J. Knowlcs, 1873. 

Calvin Knowlton, 1853. 

Daniel W. Knowlton, 1870-71. 

Walter F. Knowlton. 1906-07-08. 

Ji'seph B. Kno.x, 1869-70. 

.Samuel A. Knox, 1855. 

Wrnon .'\. Ladd, 1867-68-69. 

.■\ndre Lajoie. 1908-09. 

Edward Lamli, 1848-54. 

Frank E. Lancaster, 1878-79-S0-81. 

John E. Lancaster, 1899-1900. 

John A. Larkin, 1908-09. 

Arthur L. W. Larson, 1914-15. 

Walter W. Lassey, 1913- 14- 1(). 

Martin Lathe, 1858. 

Samuel R. Lcland. 1862-63. 

Samuel H. Leonard, 1857. 

.'\nthony Lepore, igi 1-12-14-15. 

Henry H. Lcpper, 1909-10. 

Joseph Lewis, 1850-51. 

Joseph W. Leyden, 1913-14-15-16-17-18. 

(ieorge A. Lindberg, 1911-12. 

Daniel W. Lincoln, 1913-14. 

William S. Lincoln, 1854. 

(iranville A. Longley, 1880-81-82-83. 

F'hilip Lothrop, 1854. 

Amariah B. Lovell, 1872. 

.Mbert A. Lovell, 1875-76-77-78. 

James C. Luhy, 1886-87-88-89. 

Frederick H. Lucke, 1906-07-08. 

Andrew P. Lundborg, 1896-97. 

John F. Lundherg, 1893-94-98. 

John J. McCarthy, 1908-09. 

Nicholas S. McConville, 1861. 

Samuel McFadden, 1872-73. 

Gardner McFarland, 1853. 

James McFarland, 1866. 

Frank M. McGauley, 1917-18 (president). 

G. F. McGillicuddy, 1906-07-08. 

George F. Mclnerney, 1903-04-05-06. 

William B. Mclver, 1865. 

Bernard H. McMahon, 1897-98-99. 

Edward J. McMahon, 1889-90-91-92. 

James B. McMahon, 1878-79-80-81. 

Michael J. McNally, 1906-07-08-og-io. 

James H. Madden, 1897. 

Michael F. Malone, 1909-10. 

Charles F. Mann. 1886-87. 

Jeremiah W. Mara, igoi-02-03-04. 



4o6 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Edwin T. Marble, 1866-67-68. 

Henry A. Marsh, 1867-68. 

Daniel J. Marshall, 1916. 

Joseph S. Martin, 1917-18. 

Robert A. Mason, 1910-11-12-13. 

Samuel Mawhinney, 1879-80. 

William B. Ma.wvell, 1851. 

John H. Meagher, 1896-97-98-99-1900. 

Edward F. Meehan, 1917-18. 

Henry Mellen, 1885-86. 

James H. Mellen, 1887-88. 

James Melanefy, 1861. 

Morris Melaven, 1871-72. 

William T. Merrifield, 1848. 

Wesley Merritt, 1898-99-1902-03. 

Caleb B. Metcalf, 1862. 

Frederick Midgley, 1907-08-09-10. 

Jonas M. Miles, 1849 (president). 

Fred A. Minor, 1914-15-16-17. 

William T. Mitchell, 1914-15-16. 

Clarence D. Mixter, 1900-01. 

Philip L. Moeii, 1862 (president), 1863 

(president), 1864. 
Thomas Monahan, 1877-78. 
Nicholas J. Mooney, 1893-94-95-96. 
Edward B. Moor, 1917-18. 
Philip Moore, 1877-78. 
William G. Moore, 1849. 
Eugene M. Moriarty, 1873-74. 
Joseph P. Morrissey, 1900-01-02-03. 
Adolphus Morse, 1848-49-50. 
Edwin Morse, 1858-59. 
Albert H. Moss, 1915-16-17-18. 
Patrick J. Moynihan, 1904-05-06-07. 
George T. Murdock, 1865. 
John H. Murphy, 1913-14-15-16. 
John J. Murphy, 1890-91-92-93. 
John L. Murphy, 1865-66. 
J. Louis Murphy, 1901-02. 
Edward F. Murray, 1894-95. 
Henry Murray, 1852-53-59. 
T. Edward Murray, 1874-75-76. 
Edward A. Muzzy, i860. 
Nathan Muzzy, 1849-50-51. 
Howard A. Nash, 1916-17-18. 
William F. Nardi, 1915-16-17-18. 
Christian Nelson, 1912-13-14-15. 
William H. Nelson, 1910-11-12. 
Dvvight Newbury, 1863. 
Albert E. Newton, 1900-01. 
Calvin Newton, 1850-51. 
Henry P. Nichols, 1857-59. 
James A. Norcross, 1878-79. 
Francis B. Norton, 1861-62-65. 
Patrick Nugent, 1864-65. 



George H. Nutt, 1899-1900-01-02. 
N. Henry O'Brien, 1911-12-13-14. 
Martin J. O'Brien, 1915-16-17. 
William S. O'Brien, 1883-84-85-86: 
David F. O'Connell, 1889-90-91-92-93-94- 

95- 
Philip J. O'Connell, 1896-97-98. 
Wm. O'Connell, 1876-77-78-79-81-82-86- 

87-88-89. 
George H. O'Donnell, 1905-06-07. 
William J. O'Donnell, 1911-12. 
Michael O'Driscoll, 1869-70-71. 
Jno. J. O'Gorman. 1872-73-74-75-76-77-78- 

79-81-82-83-84. 
Michael J. O'Hara, 1915-16-17-18. 
Patrick O'Keefe, 1857-67-68. 
John B. O'Leary, 1876-77-82-83-84-85. 
John R. O'Leary, 1896-97-98-99-1900. 
Daniel H. O'Neil, 1863. 
Cornelius O'Sullivan, 1875-76. 
Edward A. O'Toole, 1910-11. 
Olof F. Ohlson, 1916-17-18. 
Gustaf Olin, 1913-14-15. 
Charles A. Orstron, 1903-04-05-06-07. 
B. B. Otis, 1851. 
Nathaniel Paine. 1868-69. 
Addison Palmer, 1862-66-69-70. 
Charles G. Parker, 1872-73-74-75. 
Charles W. Parker, 1870-71. 
Edmund L. Parker, 1887-88-89-90. 
Edward O. Parker, 1881-82 (president), 

1883 (pres.), 1884 (pres.). 
Norman B. Parsons, 1903-04-05. 
Leon Rice Partridge, 1909-10-11-12. 
George W. Paul, 1867-68-69. 
George R. Peckham, 1860-63-64-65. 
Dexter H. Perry, 1867-68. 
Josiah G. Perry, 1848. 
Nils Petterson, 1916-17-18. 
Luther Phillips, 1865. 
Thomas Pierce, 1855-56. 
Charles H. Pinkham, 1890-91. 
Jno. W. Plaisted, 1881-82-83-84-85-86. 
Francis Plunkett, 1877-78-79-80. 
Elias H. Pofcher, 1911-12. 
Lucius W. Pond, 1858-59. 
Leonard Poole, 1855. 
Samuel A. Porter, 1852-53-54-61-75-76 

77-78-79-80. 
Albert M. Powell, 1896-97-98. 
John J. Power, 1901-02-03-04. 
William D. Powers, 1906-07 (died). 
Calvin E. Pratt, 1867. 
Charles B. Pratt, 1856-57-59-60. 
Joseph Pratt, 1849. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



407 



Sumner Pratt, 1869-70-71-72. 

Sylvanus Pratt, 1857. 

Henry Prentice, 1850-1854, declined. 

Carl L. Prouty, 1850. 

Daniel W. Prouty, 1890-91. 

Ross C. Purdy, 1917. 

Alexander Putnam, 1855. 

Patrick J. Quinn, 1879-80-84-85-86-87. 

James Radigan, 1863. 

Joseph V. RafFerty, 1916-17-18. 

William Rafferty. 1887-88-89-90. 

Reuben Randall, 1854-55. 

John H. Ramsdell, 1906-07-08-09. 

Alfred E. Rankin, 1916-17-18. 

William J. Ratigan, 1884-86-87. 

Oscar F. Ravvson, 1875-76. 

Charles G. Reed, 1869-70 (president), 1871 

(pres.), 1872 (pres). 
Albert T. Rhodes, 1911-12. 
Darius Rice, 1848-49. 
Dexter Rice, 1863-64. 
George F. Rice, 1863-64. 
George M. Rice, 2d, 1891-92-93-94-95. 
George M. Rice, 1855 (president), 1856 

(pres.), 1857 (pres.). 
Henry C. Rice, 1858-61. 
Thomas H. Rice, 1849-54. 
Pembroke S. Rich, 1883-84-85-86. 
S. C. Richards, 1858. 
John F. Riley, 1892-93. 
John Rivard, 1897-98-99- 1 900. 
William L. Robinson, 1885-86. 
Austin L. Rogers, 1866-67. 
Charles M. Rogers, 1896. 
James S. Rogers, 1873-74. 
Thomas M. Rogers, 1877-78. 
Carl B. Rolander, 1915-16-17-18. 
Luther Ross, 1865-66-67-68-69-70-71-72. 
Arthur P. Rugg, 1894-95 (president). 
Charles B. Rugg, 1915-16-17. 
George W. Rugg, 1852-53, declined. 
Gilbert J. Rugg, 1875-76. 
Edward J. Russell, 1895. 
G. Oscar Russell, 1911-12-13-14. 
G. W. Russell, 1865. 
Michael L. Russell, 1889-90-91-92. 
James F. Ryan, 1898-99. 
Stephen Salisbury Jr., 1866-67-68 (pres.). 
William W. Sanderson, 1891-92-93-94-95. 
George A. Sargent, 1911-12-13-14. 
Daniel J. Savage, 1880-81-82-83. 
Daniel S. Scannell, 1882-83-87-88. 
Samuel B. Scott, 1848. 
William W. Scott, 1884-85-86-87. 
Frank H. Sellars, 1905. 



John J. Se.\ton, 1912-13. 

Herbert Shales, 1910-11-12-13-14-15. 

Josiah B. Shattuck, 1892-93-94-95. 

Oliver P. Shattuck, 1878-79-80 (presi- 
dent), 1881 (pres.). 

John F. Shea, 1899. 

William F. Shea, 1914-15-16-17-18. 

Russell H. Shepard, 1863-64. 

John Simmons, 1859. 

Thomas Smith, 1881-82-83. 

J. P. Southgate, 1850-51. 

George Spaulding, 1850. 

Moses Spooner, 1852. 

Augustus B. R. Sprague, 1859-60. 

Lee Sprague, 1850-51. 

Arthur T. Squires, 1911-12. 

Hamilton B. Staples, 1874-75. 

Samuel E. Staples, i860. 

William E. Starr, i860 (president), 1865 
pres.). 

RoUa N. Start, 1863-64. 

George E. Stearns, 1873-74. 

Edward S. Stebbins, 1855. 

Frank L. Stetson, 1900-01. 

Charles F. Stevens, 1889-90. 

Charles W. Stevens, 1907-08-09-10. 

Elijah B. Stoddard, 1854-58 (president). 

Henry D. Stone, 1856-57. 

Arthur M. Stone, 1884-85 (president). 

Samuel V. Stone, 1857-58-69 (president). 

Timothy S. Stone, 1852. 

Benjamin F. Stowell, 1848. 

David D. Stowell, 1852. 

F. P. Stowell, 1878-79. 

Fred C. Stratton, 1917. 

Francis Strong, 1854-55. 

L. W. Sturtevant, 1849-50-55. 

John Sutton, 1848. 

Isaiah J. Styles, 1917-18. 

John A. Swan, 1914-15. 

Jesse P. Taber, 1896-1908-09-10-11. 

Henry G. Taft. 1888-89-90-91. 

Moses Taft, 1856-60-64. 

Daniel Tainter, 1857. 

Thomas Talbot, 1879-80-81-82. 

Marvin M. Taylor, 1888-89-90-91. 

Thomas E. Tateum, 1873-74. 

Dennis G. Temple, i860. 

Jason Temple, 1856-57. 

Lewis J. Terrill, 1 899- 1900-01 -02. 

Ale.xander Thayer, 1851-52-55. 

John R. Thayer, 1876-77-78-79-80. 

Alexander Y. Thompson, 1861-62. 

Eben F. Thompson, 1889-90-91-92 (pres.). 

John H. Thompson, 1906-07. 



4o8 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Prentice A. Thompson, 1864. 

James J. Tierney. 1880-81. 

Jolm Timon, 1882-83-84-85. 

James F. Timon, 1898-99. 

Joseph A. Titus, i8;7-78. 

Albert Tohnan. 1849-50-51. 

Henry Tolman. 1854-55. 

William H. Toner, 1896. 

Horatio N. Tower, 1857. 

Enoch H. Towne, 1871-72-73-74 (pres.). 

Loison D. Towne, 1853-54. 

Frederick W. Townsend, 1861. 

Parker Trowbridge. 1917-18. 

Erastus Tucker. 1849-50-51. 

Julius E. Tucker, 1862-63-64-65. 

George H. Tufts, 1850. 

S. P. Twiss, 1863 (resigned). 

George A. Tyler, 1908-09. 

Freeman Upham, 1848-49-50, declined. 

Gerry Valentine, 1852-53-54-60. 

Gill Valentine, 1851-52. 

Aaron G. Walker. 1860-61-66-71. 

Benjamin Walker, 1852-76-77. 

Cephas N. Walker, 1886-87-88-89. 

Joseph Walker Jr.. 1852-53-54 (given in 

botli wards 6 and 8). 
Jos. H. Walker, i860 (president), 1871-72. 
George F. Wall, 1897-98. 
James H. Wall. 1852-53-58. 
A. H. Ward. 1870. 
Austin W. Ward, 1894-95. 
Frederick W. Ward, 1879-80-81-82. 
George H. Ward, 1856-58. 
Nathaniel F. Ward, 1906-07. 
Willard Ward, 1875. 
Adelliert P. Ware. 1856. 
John C. Ware, 1913-14-15-16-17. 
Alfred D. Warren. 1874-75. 
Charles Washburn. 1849-50 (president), 

1851 (pres.), 1853. 
Charles F. Washburn, i860. 
Henry S. Washburn. 1851. 
Ichabod Washburn. 1854. 
Nathan Washburn. 1855. 
Warren A. Waterman. 1905. 



John L. Waters, 1867-68-69. 

L. Henry Wells, 1870-71. 

Charles W. Wentworth, 1871-72. 

Philip D. Wesson, 1916-17. 

Orrin H. Weston, 1877. 

John W. Wetherell. 1859 (president). 

Lorin Wetherell. 1855-56-61. 

Henry C. Wheaton, 1884-85-86-87. 

Orrin H. Wheaton. 1876. 

.\lbert A. Wheeler, 1899-1900. 

Albert B. Whipple, 1888-89. 

Alonzo .'\. White, 1892-93-94. 

Frederick W. White, 1897-98-99 (pres.). 

George N. White, 1901-02-03-04 (pres.). 

Jno. J. White, 1879-80-81-82-83-84-85-86. 

Luther White, 1849. 

Winfred H. Whiting. 1912-13-14-15-16 
(president), 1917 (pres.). 

George C. Whitney. 1884-85. 

Charles Whittemore. 1862-64. 

Henry S. Whittemore, 1866-67-68. 

Robert L. S. Whittemore. 1909-10-11-12. 

G. W. Wilder, 1850. 

William E. M'ilder, 1907-08-09-10. 

William O. Wilder. 1887-88. 

Rufus O. Williams, 1857. 

Frank E. Williamson. 1895-96-97-98. 

Henry C. \\'ilson, 1866-67-68. 

.Samuel Winslow, 1865-66. 

Elisha F. Witt. 1857-58. 

Charles Wood. 1863-64. 

George F. Wood. 1873-74. 

Edward M. Woodward, 1895-96 (pres.). 

David Woodward. 1844. 

David M. Woodward, 1867-68-69. 

Geo. M. Woodward, 1887-88-89 (presi- 
dent). 1890 (pres.). 

Theodore M. Woodward, 1861. 

James S. Woodworth, 1853-54. 

William Workman. 1850-63. 

George M. Wright, 1900-01. 

Harry M. Wright, 1906-07-08-09. 

George E. Wyman, 1855. 

Emil Zaeder, 1900-01-02-03. 



City Treasurers 

(Dates inclusive. Names in order of service) 



John Boyden. 1848-50. 
George W. Wheeler. 1850-72. 
William S. Barton, January I, 1872-July 
16, 1899 (died). 



Fred W. White. 1899-1907. 

DeWitt Clinton. February 11, 1907-Feb- 

ruary 2. 1913. 
Harry C. Smith. February 2. 1913 — . 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



409 



The offices of city treasurer and collector of taxes were separate until 
the election of Mr. Smith, though in every instance held bv the same per- 
son. Since 11>K! the two offices have l)cen made one h\ act of the 
legislature. 

City Clerks 

( i )ates inclusive. Xanies in (jrder of service) 



Charles A. Hamiltmi. 1848-55. 
Samuel Smith. 1855-7(1. 



Hnuch H. TowiK', 1877-1907. 
W. Henry Ti'wne. 1907 — . 



William A. Smith. 1848 to -51 
Warren Adam.s. 1852. 
J'lhn .\. Dana, 1861 to -65. 



Clerks of the Common Council 

54 to 



-00. 



Lewis .\. Mavnard. 1853. 
Henry L. Slumnvay, 1866 to -75. 
S. Hamilt'iii Coc, 1876 — . 



City Solicitors 
(Xaines in order of ser\"ice) 



Henry Chapin. 185J. 
William A. Williams, 1853. 
Peter C. Beacon, 1854-55. 
Charles Deveiis Jr., 1856-58 
Dwight Foster, 1859. 
Charles F. Hoar, i860. 
Elijah B. Stoddard, 1861. 
William A. Williams, 1862. 
Steplian B. Twiss, 1863-64. 



William W. Rice, 1865-69, inclusive. 
Thomas L. Xelsun, 1S70-73, inclusive. 
W. A. Williams, 1874. 
inclusive. Francis T. Blacktner, 1875-81, inclusive. 

Frank P. (joulding, 1882-92, inclusive. 
William S. B. Hopkins, 1893-97, inclusive. 
Artluir P. Rugg, 1898-1906, inclusive. 
Ernest H. Vaughan, 1907-16, inclusive. 



City Messengers 

(Names in order of service) 



David Gleason, 1849-62, inclusive. 
Charles Marvin, 1863- 1901, inclusive. 
William H. Pratt, 1902-12, inclusive. 



George N. White, 1913-15, inclusive. 
Edwin M. C. French, 1916 — . 



Assessors— 1848-1918 

(Dates are inclusi\-e except when service is not continuous) 



Emory Bannister, 1863-64-67. 

Levi Barker, 1862-64-72-74-80-82. 

Jonas Bartlett, 1856-58-67-69. 

Arthur H. Burton, 1899- 1917 (died in of- 
fice. See biog.). 
See biog.). 

William L. Clark, 1868-78. 

William Dickinson, 1851. 

Edward Earle, 1850-51. 

Lyman A. Ely, 1878-84. 

Peregrine B. Gilbert, 1859. 

R. M. Gould, 1870-71. 

Henry Griffin, 1869-71. 



John P. Hale. 1859. 
Charles H. Harris, 1913. 
Edward H. Heminway, 1850-52. 
Pliny Holbrook, 1857-60-66-68. 
Thomas Home, 1904-12. 
Jusiali P. Houghton, 1873-87. 
Samuel Houghton, 1855-56. 
George B. Hurlburt, 1898. 
William S. Lincoln, 1858-62. 
Joseph Lovell, 1853. 
David S. Messenger, 1854. 
Harrison G. Otis. 1887-98. 
Amos M. Parker, 1888- 1903, 



410 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Elbridge G. Partridge, 1855. 
Samuel Smith, 1852-62-65-66. 
Putnam W. Taft, 1849-50-52-54-60-61. 
Thomas Talbot, 1883-97. 
R. James Tatman, 1877. 
Hudson Tolman, 1885-86. 



Horatio N. Tower, 1863-66. 
Enoch H. Towne, 1875-76. 
Benjamin Walker, 1849-51. 
James H. Wall, 1849-50. 
Fitzroy Willard, 1865. 
James S. Woodwortli, 1859. 



City Engineers 
(Names in order of service) 



Phineas Ball, 1868-72. 
A. M. Chapin, 1872-74. 
Wm. E. Mills (Acting), 1874. 
Charles H. M. Blake, 1875. 



Percy Daniels, 1877. 
Charles A. Allen, 1878-92. 
Fred'k A. McClure, 1892 — 



CHAPTER XV 
Fire-fighting Societies — The Fire Department 

The Indians caused the lirst great fire in Worcester when they 
destroyed all the log houses of the first settlers during King Philip's 
War. From time to time, of" course, dwellings and barns caught fire 
in colonial days, and usually burned to the ground. The only means 
of fighting fires was by bucket brigades until about 1800. There was 
no fire engine here, when the house of Capt. Samuel Flagg burned, 
January 26, 1786. • The pearl-ash works of the Chandlers caught fire 
July 4, 1791, but the building was saved. The Stowells lost their weave- 
shop by fire Jan. 4, 1793, with 2,000 yards of cloth and stock for 700 
yards. A fire in Jacob Harrington's hat shop. March 19, 1798, was 
extinguished. 

Money was voted for a fire engine November 1, 1793, and after that 
time it is believed that the town had at least one fire engine. Lincoln 
describes thirty-two fires between 1767, when James Barber's house 
was burned, to 1836, but the total financial toss in these fires was less 
than the cost of maintaining a modern fire engine for a year. The 
fighting of fires was directed by fire wardens elected by the town or 
appointed by the selectmen. 

The "proprietors of the engine and engine house near Mr. Waldo's 
store" were notified to meet on Monday next "to repair or otherwise 
dispose of it." This notice was in the .Egis. July 18, 1804. Evidently 
there was a private company. What disposition was made of the prop- 
erty is not known to the writer. 

Worcester Fire Society. — The Worcester Fire Society has been in 
continuous existence since 1793. The first meeting was held Jan. 21, 1793, 
a fortnight after the burning of the Stowell weaving shop, but it is 
believed that the work of organization began before the fire. At this 
meeting a clerk was elected, indicating that the by-laws had been formed 
prior to that time. It was proposed to call the organization the Wor- 
cester Fire Company, and that name is inscribed on the old record book, 
but from 1793 its name has been the Worcester Fire Society. It was 
modeled after other companies in Boston and elsewhere. The records 
indicate that the town then owned a fire engine, for Samuel Bridges with- 
drew because his membership interfered with his duties as member of the 
engine company. In 1795 this society provided runners for the engine. 
From the beginning, the society was composed of the foremost men of 
the town ; it was perhaps really aristocratic in its origin. It was not 
only a fire company, but the principal social club, and it indulged in the 
annual oration that was popular in its early days. The first oration was 



412 



HISTORV OF WORCESTER 




X ^ 

^ 5 



I—. i> 



H - 
C _ 



a 5 



o 



AND ITS PROPLE 4i3 



by Charles Alk-n in lt>4G. and at the same meeting a poem was read 
by Benjamin F. Thomas: next year I'liny Merrick was orator, and Sam- 
uel F. Hapen, poet: in 1818, 184!) and in 18:)(). there were orations or 
poems, and in IS.'))! Gov. Hullock gave an historical address. From 1860 
until after IHOO the custom of having an annual dinner with an oration 
and poem was observed with occasional lapses. 

During the first hundred years the membership was limited to 
thirty. From time to time pamphlets have been published giving bio- 
graphical notices of deceased members. In isi!-.' Levi Lincoln prepared 
a pamphlet containing reminiscences of the original memliers, the by- 
laws and roll of membership: in 1877 a pamphlet was published contain- 
ing memoirs of fourteen members, and the annual address by Benjamin 
F. Thomas in 1872. and in the same year another pamphlet containing 
sketches of fifteen members, by Isaac Davis, In 1S!I9 another pamphlet, 
containing reminiscences and biographies of twenty-one members and an 
historical sketch by Nathaniel Paine, was issued: the authors of the 
sketches were Hosea Quimby. Nathaniel Paine. Charles A. Chase, George 
F. Hoar, Joseph Mason. Waldo Lincoln. John A. Dana. Stephen Salis- 
bury, Frank P. Goulding. Such men as Dr. George Chandler. Hon. Ira 
M. Barton. Benjamin F. Thomas. Samuel F, Haven, Daniel W. Lincoln, 
Gov. A. H. Bullock, and Francis H. Dewey were among the members 
thus honored. Some of the earlier members honored thus were Rejoice 
New^ton, Samuel "SI. Burnside. Benjamin Heywood. Samuel Ward, 
George A. Trumbull, Otis Corbett. Francis Blake. John Green. Edward 
D. Bangs, Joseph Allen. Nathaniel Paine. Dr. John Green. Edward 
Bangs Sr„ Elijah Dix. Oliver Fiske. John Paine. Stephen Salisbury 1st, 
Samuel Allen. Abraham Lincoln. John Stanton, Daniel Waldo Jr.. Isaiah 
Thomas. Among the Early Families or Distinguished Citizens in this 
work notices of these and other meml)ers of the society will be found. 

Worcester Mutual Fire Society was organized in 1822. as a reseult 
of the blackballing in the Worcester Fire Society of Gen. Nathan Heard 
and Hon. John Davis, on account of the schism in the Old South 
Church. Daniel Waldo, who had left the Old South and founded what 
is now Central Church, voted alone against Davis and Heard, whereupon 
they started a fire society of their own. Artemas Ward, register of 
probate, John Milton Earle. editor of the Spy. Benjamin Butman, the 
leading grocer. Sewall Hamilton (see biog. of James P. Hamilton), 
Eleazer Porter, afterward landlord of the American Temperance House, 
and Gardiner Paine, were charter members. It was a .social club also, 
as well as an active fire company. It lasted until about 1840. Other 
members were Warren Lazell. Austin G. Fitch, .\nthony Chase. H. B. 
Claflin, afterward the merchant prince of New York, C. P. Bancroft, 
William Isl. Bickford and .\lbert Tolman. 

Another organization of the same kind, the Social Fire Society, 
organized in 1840. was dissolved in 185(;-7. 



414 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

The Fire Department. — The Worcester Fire Department was estab- 
lished in accordance with an act of the legislature dated Febuary 25, 
1835, approved by Isaac Davis for the town, February 26, and accepted 
by the town. The selectmen immediately appointed the following 
engineers: Captain Lewis Bigelow, John F. Clark, Col. Isaac Davis, 
Francis T. Merrick, George T. Rice, General Nathan Heard, Lewis 
Thayer, Col. Samuel Ward and Deacon Ichabod Washburn. At the 
first meeting of the board, May 2, 1835, Isaac Davis was elected chief 
engineer, Lewis Bigelow, assistant, and Ichabod Washburn, clerk. These 
engineers had the same duties formerly exercised by the selectmen and 
fire wardens. The number of engineers w^as variable in later years. The 
board in recent years consists of the chief, deputy chief, and three dis- 
trict chiefs. In the earlier years the meetings of the engineers were held 
in the United States Hotel, Spurr's Building, the American Teiiiperance 
House, and later in the Town Hall. 

The volunteer fire companies were the social centers of the town, 
and their rivalry was a matter of interest to everybody. They took part 
in the firemen's musters, and held annual drills and parades. At the 
musters in various towns throughout the State, they engaged in com- 
petitions of the most exciting and strenuous nature. Prizes were gi\'en 
to the companies pumping the greatest length of stream. There was an 
intense elifort to get the engines to the fires first. Some of these hand 
engines were filled by pails : later the suction engine was introduced, ■ 
but the power was furnished by the men of the companies. The engine 
companies at first carried a small quantity of leading hose on the engine, 
but later hose-reels or carts were provided and, like the engine, drawn 
by man-power. When horses were first used they were hired at $2 
apiece for each fire. The hose carts of the engine companies were in 
command of second assistant foremen. Separate hose companies came 
later. 

The members of the early fire companies were all volunteers, serving 
W'ithout pay, but exempted from jttry and militia duty. They wore the 
red shirts such as may still be seen at firemen's musters, and took great 
pride in their uniforms and equipment. In the thirties the membership 
was large. In 1839 the department had 280 men. Engines Nos. 1. 2 and 
5 were tubs ; 3, 4 and 6 suction. No. 1 was out of commission. The 
total cost of the department in 1840 was $354.43. 

When the city w-as incorporated, little change was made in the fire 
department, which was then twelve years old. The first engineers 
appointed consisted of Osgood Bradley, W. M. Bickford, John F. Glea- 
son, Levi Knowlton, Frederick Warren, Tilly Raymond; Joel Wilder, 
chief engineer; E. G. Pratt, secretary. The pay of the chief was made 
$150 a year; the regular firemen received $10 or $15 a year, and this rate 
of pay continued for a long time. In 1854-55 the rate was $20 and $25 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



415 



a year. In 1857 the city had six hand engines, two hook and ladder 
companies, three hose companies. 

The records of the board have been kept since the department was 
incorporated in 183(3; the first printed annual report was for the year 
1870, when there were three steamers; two hook and ladder com- 
panies, five hose companies and one hand engine. 

In 1849-51 two new hand engines were bought. In 18.31-3 the 
Carleton street engine house was built ; in 18.56 the Pleasant street 
engine house and it was destroyed by an explosion of gas, January 1, 
1859. In 1853-4 the annual expenses were $3,864.33. Four hand engines 
survived until 1874; Washington, Niagara, Rapid and Yankee; the last 
was Niagara which was sold and sent to Prince Edward Island in 1874. 




Steam Fire Engines. — The first steamer was bought in 18G0 at a cost 
of $3,000, and was named for Gov. Levi Lincoln. It was the pride 
of the city for many years. The second steamer, bought about two 
years later, was named for Gov. Davis, "Col. Davis." About this time the 
department began to own its horses. In 1862 there were 38 alarms of 
fire. In that year the School street engine house was built. After the 
steamers came into use the number of firemen was gradually reduced. 
In 1866 there were but 138. The third steamer, added in 1866, was 
named A. B. Lovell, and for twenty years three engines were thought 
sufficient for the needs of the city. All three have gone to the scrap 
heap long ago. The history of the companies show how the department 
has extended. In recent years the auto-apparatus has almost entirely 
displaced the engines, hose carriages and trucks drawn by horses. In 
this respect Worcester ranks high in efficiency and equipment. 

The department headquarters building erected in 1898 at a cost of 
$100,000, total cost of building and land $221,455.25, is located at the 
corner of Mercantile and Foster streets. The various other buildings 
of the fire department are valued at $400,000. 

Historic Fires. — Some of the earlier fires have been mentioned. The 
bakeshop of Flagg Brothers and residence of Samuel Brazer were 
destroyed Feb. 18, 1815; loss $10,000. On the same site, the Flagg 
building was burned Jan. 29, 1854 ; loss $50,000, The old Central Ex- 
change was destroyed March 6, 1843. It v^as owned 1)\- Spurr & Farns- 



4i6 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



worth, and among the occupants were the post office, the Worcester 
Bank, the Worcester County Institution for Savings, the newspaper 
offices of the Palladium and Water Fall, and others. The Bradley & 
Rice car shops in Washington Square were burned May 12, 1842 ; loss 
$20,000. Holy Cross College building was burned July, 1852. 

The most disastrous fire that ever occurred in the city, from the 
point of view of loss to business, was the Merrifield fire, June IG, 1854. 
The loss was half a million ; a large percentage of the industries of the 
city at that time were located in this building, and all of them suiTered 
from the disaster in other ways than the loss of their plants and stock. 
This fire has been described in the proceedings of the Wor. Societ}' of 
Antiquity and elsewhere. 




The machine shop of Henry Goulding and some dwelling houses of 
Frederick W. Paine on School street were destroyed August 22, 1838 ; 
loss $15,000. Taylor's building opposite the Common was burned, 
May 28, 1875. The Pakachoag Mills were burned May 16, 1884; loss 
$150,000. The Worcester Theatre fire, May 16, 1889, was another great 
disaster. 

No attempt will be made to give a list of the large fires of later date. 
The losses have been heavy in many cases, but the city itself has felt 
no setback on account of them. It may be mentioned that there was a 
second fire in the Merrifield buildings ; and to recall the three fires in 
the office buildings owned by the late John E. Day in the first and sec- 
ond of which a vast amount of property was lost. The Sawyer Lumber 
Co. lost its buildings and goods by fire Feb. 21-2, 1918. The loss was 
estimated at $250,000. The firemen were on duty twenty-five hours. 

The department has often rendered aid to other towns and cities in 
serious conflagrations. In 1872 two steamers were sent to Boston dur- 
ing the Great Fire. Two steamers were sent to Springfield, February 5, 
1873 ; two to Westborough, June 17 of that year, and the department 
took no little pride in the fact that twenty-three minutes from the time 
of leaving this city the Worcester men were playing on the fire. 

Fire Companies. — In 1835 Company 1 was located at Quinsiga- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 417 

mond Village, and had a hand-engine called Hero. Samuel Milliard was 
foreman in 1835. 

Washington Engine Co. No. 1 had the following foremen: Silas J. 
Brimhall, 1851-2; G. A. Armsby, 1852-3; A. G. Woodward, 1853-4; John 
Mas, 1854-5; Charles Butman, 1855-6; Silas J. Brimhall, 1856-8; R. M. 
Gould, 1859-60; B. Packard, 1860-61; Henry Barnard, 1861-2. 

Gov. Lincoln Steamer Co. No. l.^The foreman or captains, as they 
were called later, were: Royal Coombs, 1861-2; DeWitt Fisher, 1862- 
3; 64-5; Joseph D. Shaw, 1863; Timothy Kelleher, 1865-66; Arthur L. 
Culver, 1867; William Hickham, 1868; Charles J. Gould, 1869-72 
Charles Allen, 1873-80; J. W. Bush, 1881; Mark M. Patterson, 1882 
John J. Adams, 1883-4; G. B. Sampson, 1885; F. B. Williams, 1886 
S. W. Buffum, 1887-98; W. A. Adams, 1899-03; E. C. Noyes, 1904-06 
J. H. Madden, 1907; J. D. Grace, 1908-09; J. F. Curran, 1910-13; Lt. 
F. S. Taylor, 1914; J. S. Couch, 1915; H. C. Amell, 1916 . 

Engine Company No. 2. — The hand engine Rapid was located at 
New Worcester. In 1835 Clarendon Wheelock was foreman. Since 
then the foremen and captains have been: Sanford H. Bundy, 1837; 
Aury G. Goes, 1846-7; W. H. Heywood, 1847-8; Levi W. Towle, 1851- 
2 ; Charles Hersey, 1852-3 ; C. A. Jenks, 1853-4 ; Luke Knowlton, 1854-5 ; 
John A. Thompson, 1855-6 ; Alonzo M. Barrows, 1856-7; Frederick John- 
son, 1857-8; Charles A. Hardy, 1858-60; 61-2. Franklin W. White, 
1860-1; James L. Morse, 1862-3; William A. Reynolds, 1863-4; Jonathan 
E. Minott, 1864-5 ; James L. Morse, 1865 ; David J. Baker, 1866-7 ; James 
Booth, 1868; Andrew Patterson, 1869; W. A. Tracy, 1870-1; C. S. Bot- 
tomly, 1872. 

Steamer No. 2, Col. Davis, (bought in 1862). — Foreman and cap- 
tains: Royal Coombs, 1863-67; Joseph Bagnon, 1868; P. H. Carroll, 
1869-70; W. A. Tracy, 1870-72; O. H. Wallace, 1873; S. E. Coombs, 
1874; M. C. Viall, 1875-9; John Wheaton, 1880-5; J. Bruso Jr., 1886-97; 
C. C. Hemenway, 1898 . 

Engine Company, No. 3 (Niagara). — In 1835 the hand engine Des- 
patch was located at Lincoln Square, and Henry Goulding was fore- 
man, 1835-38. He was succeeded by Joseph Belknap, 1839-40; Wil- 
liam M. Bickford, 1840-1; John Gates, 1841-2; Danforth H. Bundy, 
1845-6; Samuel F. Shattuck, 1846-7; J. C. Blake, 1847-8; Perry Wilber, 
1851-3; L. R. Hudson, 1853-4, 57-8; Charles F. Tew, 1854-5; Israel 
Keyes, 1855-7 ; Samuel A. Goodspeed, 1858-62 ; Thomas G. Leonard, 
1862-4; Samuel Knowlton, 1864-7. 

A. B. Lovell Steamer, No. 3.— John E. Calligan, 1867-8; William 
Brophy, 1869; Edwin Fisher, 1870-5; Edwin J. Watson, 1876; Charles 
M. Mills, 1877-81; Alvin W. Prouty, 1882-6; William Burney, 1887-91; 
J. J. Lavene, 1892-01; T. F. O'Gara, 1892-1908, 1910; F. W. Mayers, 
1909; E. E. Thurston, 1911 . 

The engine house is on School street. 
W.— 1-27. 



4i8 HISTORY Uf WORCESTER 

Engine No. 4. — "Flie original hand engine, Torrent, was kept at City 
Hall. Joel Wilder was foreman in lS3.j ; Benjamin Barber, 1S3T; Ly- 
sander C. Clark, lS;3!)-40: Ell.ridge G. Pratt. 1840-2: D. M. Warner, 
184G-7 ; L. W. Sturtevant. 184:-8; B. E. Hutchinson, 18.")l-<; ; Jonathan 
Rice, 1853-4; William Allen, 1854-5 ; Samuel P. Russell, 1855-G ; Charles 
W. Stone, 1856-: : Job G. Lawton, 185;-8. 

Steamer Compan}-. Xo. 4. — Captains: John Jacques, 1873: George 
W. Dickinson, 18:5-81 : E. D. Burbank. 1888-93: E. N. Sweet, 1893-1903; 

W. P. Cavanagh. 1903-14: G. W. Eaton, 1914 . The engine house is 

on Pleasant street. 

Engine Company .\o. 5. — In 1.S35 the hand engine Extinguisher was 
located in Goddard's Ro«', and Levi Howe, was foreman. Xo. 5 had 
afterward the hand engine Yankee, bought October 1, 1854. The fore- 
men were: William Leggate. 183:-4(): Gerry \'alentine. 1846-;: .Salem 
Copeland, 1817-8; Samuel A. Porter, 1848-9; James AIcFarland, 1855- 
60; F. W. Townsend. 1860-63; John .M. Wood, 1863-5; Richard S. 
Maynard, 1865-:. 

Steamer Xo. 5. — Captains: F. L. Jenks, 1894; J. D. Shaw, 1895- 

1914; W. F. Hurley, 1914 . The engine house is on Webster 

street. 

Engine Conii)any Xo. (i. — The hand engine Xo. 6 was called the 
Lafayette, and was located on Columbian avenue, now Exchange street. 
In 1835 Lysander C. Clark was foreman. Other foremen: John Ken- 
drick, 1846-8; Danfurth H. Bundy, 1^47-8 ; James F. Esty, 1S56-T; 
Charles F. Tew, ]85^;-60; Eli B. Fairbanks, 1857-8; 1860-1. 

Steamer Xo. li. — The cajitains have been: H. E. Robbins, 1895-8; 
Peter Sinclair, lS99-19ii:!: E. X. Sweet. 1903-5; Lt. K. W. Baker, 1906; 
F. H. Basford, 1907 — . The present quarters are on Franklin street. 

Engine No. 7. — The captains have been J. J. Lavene, 1903-15 ; George 
W. Day, 1916 . The house is on Eastern avenue. 

Engine Xo. 8. — Capt. A. C. Xewcomb since 1915, The house is on 
Burncoat street. 

Flose Comijany Xo. 1. — The foremen and captains of this company 
originally called the City ha\e been: Charles Forbes, 1851-3; Lyman 
Howe, 1853-4; Simon E. Coombs, 1854-8; Xahum H. Andrews, 1858-9; 
Ezra Coombs, 1859-63; Silas J. Brimhall, 1862-7; Enoch Earle, 1867-9; 
Gilbert X. Rawson. 1869-73; Jacob .\L Coombs, 1873; Henry E. Rob- 
bins, 1875-6; 1879-84; G. L. Robbins, 1878; 1886-9; 1900-08; S. W. 
Buffum, 1885; F. W. Buxton. 1891-9; T. F. O'Gara, 1909; F. W. May- 
ers, 1910 . The ]>resent location is on Prescott street. 

Hose Company Xo. 3. — The foremen and captains of this company, 
originally the Ocean, have been : Joel Hammond, 1851-3 ; H. C. Clapp, 
1853-3; James Clajip, 185:!-4; S. H. Shurtlelif, 1855-8; Smith Quimby, 
1858-60; William Hickham. 18(;0-4; James Keegan. 1864-71; David 
Boland, 1873; 1.S75-84; P. S. Hagan, 1873; J. H. Madden. 1886-7; 1890; 



AXD ITS PEOPLE 41,-, 



lSur)-i;iU(i; C. A. Humes, 1868-i»l ; W. Maher, is'J-.'-: ; E. C. Xoyes. liio; ; 

J. H. Madden, IDOS; C. J. Donnelly. i:il-.' . The present house is on 

Grafton street. 

Hose Company Xo. :>. — The foremen ;ind cajitains of this company, 
originally the Eagle: Alnion A. Barber. Is.").".-!!; Oliver Aspinwall. l.s:.'.!- 
60; George F, Gill, l.sci--.'; Thomas I'.ainter, ISG;!-?; Wiliam Fynn, 
1867-71 ; Geo. W. Parks. l.sVi-.-!; Edward j. Fogarty, ]S7.J-(;: J. J. La- 
vene, 18:3; Geo. J. Booth. J.s,S0-l : William Gamlin, l.s,S2: A. J. 
Dresser. 188:3; G. S. .Scott. lss(;-,s;i; J. [-, Adams, l8!il-i;ill ; G. T- Don- 
nelly, ]'J\-2 . The present quarters are on Caniliridge street. 

Flose Company Xo. 4. — The foremen and cajitains of this company, 
originally the Xiagara have been: H. .M. Corhett, 1S.j4-."j; .'^aniuel 1'. 
Russell, 1855-6; Charles \V, Stone, l!>5ii-: ; Jol.) (]. Lawton, 185:-5S: S. 
Knowlton. 1869-:-^; Clarence .\. Humes, 18:;i; L. W. Preble, 18;5; \'. 
W. Lounsbury, 18^6; C. A. Hu.mes, 18;8-S(); John C. Gilbert, bs.s-.'; 
A. J. Dresser, 1884 and 188(;; S. T. Xewton, 1885; D. E. Lovejoy, Iss; 
and 1890; W. C. Wood, 1888, 1889, 1891--.' : E. R. Dacater, 189;!; W. 
N. Avery, 1894-1900; J. S. Coombs, 1900-14: W. L. Segare, 1915; F. C. 
Hayes, 1916 . The quarters are on Foster street. 

Hose Company Xo. 5. — This company was originally called Yankee. 
The captains have been: Samuel H. Day, 186:: C). W. Wallace. IsiJS- 
70; Daniel Hall, 18:i-2; Joseph Bolio, ls::;-80: Clitt C). Lamb. l,s,sl-5; 
G. A. McLeod, 1886-7; 188'.i-90 ; S. W. Hodg.lon, 1888, 1891-1!)0: ; E 

E. Thurston, 1908-10; Henry Douglas, 1911 . The quarters are on 

Portland street. 

Hose Company Xo. 6. — This company was originally named Ti<,'er. 
Its captains have been: Oscar A. Phettiplace. 18:;3; George S. Cole- 
man, 1875-80: George O. Ballon. 1881: F. F. Burl)ank, 1882-91; E. X. 

Sweet. 1895-:J; J. M. Curran. 1894 . The house is on Milll.urv 

street. 

Hose Company Xo. :.— This was the old Protection Companv. Tlu- 
captains: George F. MacKnight, 18:5; Samuel H. Barnes, 18:6-;: | 
H. Riley, 1878; W. J. Shaw. 1879-S2 ; W. A. Adams, 188;!-:, and 
1895; F. \\'. Buxton, 1888-90: W. .Maher. bs91-S: f. W, B(jyle, l.s:):)-i);i ; 

W. W. Burbank, 1904 . The present quarters are on Lamartine 

street. 

Hose Company Xo. 8. — The captains of this company have l.)een : 
J. H. Townsend, 1876-8; George W. Dickin.son. 1885; C. A. Humes 
188:3-4; 1886-7; 1890; T. F. McDonnell, I8,s5 ; F. L. Jenks, ]88,^-s9 : {. 

F. Curran, 1898-0:3; J. F. Sullivan, 1904 . The present quarters are 

on Providence street. 

Hose Company Xo. 9. — Cyrus B. Holden was foreman of an inde- 
pendent company at Grant Square in is 74. The captains of Xo. 9. origin- 
ally called Independent, have been: S. A. Cushno, 1876-81; L. W 
Preble, 1886-7; 1890; W'. S. Morine, 1888-9; P. L. W^ood, 1891-1905; 



4-'o HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

F. W. Lamb, 1906 . The present quarters of No. 9 are on Woodland 

street. 

Hose Compan}- No. 10. — The captains of this company have been: 

F. \V. Buxton, 1908-12; S. W. Hodgdon, 1915 . The house is at 

Greendale. 

Hose Company No. 11. — The captains have been: C. L. McCarthy, 

1910-12; E. C. Noyes, 1913; C. I. Knapp, 1914 . The house is on 

Mercantile street. 

Hose Company No. 12. — A. C. Newcomb has been captain from the 
founding of the company in 1913 to 1915. The company was located on 
Burncoat street. It was disbanded. 

Chemical Company No. 1, John street. — This was originally the 
Babcock Fire Extinguisher Co., established in 1873. The captains have 
been: George Hartwell, 1874; William Flynn, 187.5-93; R. M. More, 
1894-5 ; J. D. Grace, 1896 . 

Chemical Company No. 2. — J. J. Lavene was ca])tain in 1891 ; C. N. 
Hassam from 1892 to 1896. The company was located on Waldo street. 

Chemical Company No. 3.^ — E. F. Decater was captain in 1894; A. 
C. Newcomb, 1895-6. The company was disbanded. 

Fire Police Company. — This organization served for about three 
years, doing duty similar to the Fire Patrol of later days. William P. 
Allen was the captain, 1856-8. It had a membership of 25. 

Hook and Ladder Company No. 1. — Peter Kendall was foreman of 
the Hook and Ladder Co. located on the Common in 1835. The fore- 
man and captains since then have been : Zebina E. Berry, 1837-40 ; 
James T. Trask, 1840-2; Erastus N. Holmes, 1846-7; E. N. Holmes, 
1848-9; E. G. Watkins, 1851-3; Thomas L. Bugbee, 1853-4; Abram 
Babcock, 1854-6; Levi F. Pond, 185G-9 ; Lorin Eddy, 1859-60; Oliver 
W. Tucker, 1860-3; Joseph Rideout, 1863-5; John W. Loring, 1865-70; 
Perry Bullard, 1871-2; P. M. Church, 1874-6; J. S. Perkins, 1878-9, 
1887 ; J. E. Kennington, 1888-89-91-92-98-03^ 1898-03 ; J. C. Perkins, 1890; 
W. B. Spooner, 1893-4; Peter Sinclair, 1895-7; A. H. Jones, 1904-10; H. 
L. Jewell, 1911, 1913-8; C. L. Knapp, 1912. The house is on Portland 
street. 

Hook and Ladder Company No. 2. — The cajitains of this company 
have been: Nathaniel F. Cutler, 1858-9; Marlin Russell, 1859-60; W. 
A. Swallow, 1860-2; Joseph D. Ransom, 1862-3; Austin Culver, 1863-5; 
Edwin Bradbury, 1866-9; Jeremiah Hennessy, 1870-79; James P. Mur- 
phy, 1880-2; John P. Fay, 1883-4; W. H. Chadwick, 1885-7; E. L. 
Janes, 1888-9, 1895-1901; J. N. Scott, 1890; E. E. Divoll, 1891-2, 1903-10; 
W. B. Spooner, 1902; C. L. Knapp, 1911-3; E. E. Noyes, 1914-5; F. 

Lambert, 1916 . The company was originally on Thomas street, 

but for many years has had quarters on Prescott street. 

Hook and Ladder Company No. 3. — The captains have been : J. W. 
Kennington, 1893-7, 1904-5; Peter Sinclair, 1898; W. B. Spooner, 1899- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



421 



1901; A. H. Jones, i;)l)-3-;!; W. A. Adams, 1906-10; E. E. Divoll, 
1911 . '['he (|uartcrs arc (ni MtTcantile street. 

Hunk and La^l<k■r Idnipany No. 1. — W. H. Chadwick was ca])tain 
from 1!^9,S to 191."); sincL- then j. J. La\ene has heen caiitain. The <iuar- 
ters are on W'elister street. 

Hook and Ladder L'omiiany No. 5. — W. A. .\dams was captain 1904- 
5; J. E. Kennington sinee 191)(;. The quarters are on Providence street. 

Hook and Ladder Company No. (i. — W. P. Cavanaugh has lieen 
captain since the C(im]iany was formetl in 191."). The rpiarters are on 
West Boylston street. 

Hook and Ladder Company No. 7. — W. H. Kenney had l)een captain 
since the company was formed in 1915. The quarters are on Pleasant 
street. 




OLD- 

TlMfe 
-The 

■-■ :.; ?iat 

■*- )<* i wit^ 

flRf , 



The Fire Patrol. — The I-'ire Patrol is supi)i)rted mainly hy the insur- 
ance com])anies doing business in this city, for the pri)tection of prop- 
erty from damage by water as well as lire, while the fire .department 
is engaged in extinguishing the flames. .Since '0.") the citv has con- 
tributed to its sup[)ort and at present contributes $:!,.")()() annualK . It^ 
official name is the Worcester Protectixe 1 )e])artment, and the head<|uar- 
ters are in Barton Place. It was organized and incorporated AIa\- lit. 
I80"). Capt. Hiram R. Williamson has been suiierintendent since Nov. 1. 
1875. The officers are: President, Roger F. Uph.am (died 1!)1T); .Sec, 
George A. Park; Treas.. Charles L. (ir.ant; Directcjrs: John F. Crowell, 
W. E. Buck, N. A. Harrington, Daniel V. Piourke. F. F. Ingraliam, H. 
Ward Bates, Edmund L. Sanders, Gustaf .\. Berg, Edwin E. Brown, 
Fred L Thurston, Charles E. (Jrant. 



422 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



The patrol wagon (auto-truck) responds to all fire alarms. It is 
pro\iiled with two Babcock fire extinguishers, 300 rubber covers, and 
other apparatus for salvage and protection of property. The regular 
force is nine men. Many thousands of dollars have been saved by the 
patrol every year. The value of its work is incalculable. Its manage- 
ment has been a model, and its efficiency above criticism. 

Fire Alarm System. — A primitive electric fire alarm system was 
installed in ISTl with forty boxes. Since then the city has kept pace 
with the progress in invention and from time to time introduced improved 
systems. The boxes have been extended until in 1917 they numbered 
310. The station for the fire alarm system has been at the central 
head(|uarters, but a building is lieing erected on Newton hill to provide 
an isolated station exclusively for the purpose of the fire alarm head- 
quarters. From the beginning, for many years William Brophy was in 
charge. The present superintendent is William McClure. John C. Mc- 
Donald is assistant. 

Chief Engineers of the Worcester Fire Department: 



Isaac Davis, 1835-38. 
Nathan Heard, 1838-40. 
Henry W. Miller, 1840-45. 
Joel Wilder, 1845-50. 
Erastus N. Holmes, 1850-55. 
Leonard M. Sturtevant, 1853-56. 
Samuel A. Porter. 1856-59. 
L. R. Hudson, 1859-61. 

Board of Engineers, 1835-1918. — In the following list, which is 
arranged alphabeticall}', the first _\ear of service only is given: 



Alzirus Brown, 1861-66. 
A. B. Lovell, 1866-69. 
R. M. Gould, 1869-72. 
S. E. Coombs. 1872-91. 
E. L. Vaughn, 1891-1903. 
G. S. Coleman, 1903-12. 
W. N. Avery. 1912 — . 



J. F. Adams, 1914. 
W. N. Avery. 1901. 
Charles P. Bancroft, 1844. 
Timothy W. Bancroft, 1839. 
Alonzo M. Barrows, 1859. 
Zebina E. Berry, 1840. 
William M. Bickford, 1848. 
Lewis Bigelow, 1835. 
George Bowen, 1840. 
Osgood Bradley, 1837. 
S. J. Brimhall, i860. 
William Brophy, 1870, 
Ah;irus Brown, 1850, clerk, 
Alvin T. Burgess, 1859, clerk. 
John F. Clark, 1835. 
Lysander C. Clark, 1837. 
Josiah Ciiliurn. 1852. 
Anry (',. Coes, 1855. 
John Coes, 1843. 
Loring Coes, 1850. 



George S. Coleman, 1881, clerk. 

Royal Coombs, 1859. 

Simon E. Coombs, 1861. 

Albert Curtis, 1846. 

Isaac Davis, 1835. 

Samuel H. Day. 1868. clerk. 

Horatio Dolliver, 1855, clerk. 

Levi A. Dowley, 1842. 

Lorin Eddy, i860, 

James Estabrook, 1839. 

J. F. Esty. 1855. 

Eli B. Fairbanks, 1869. 

Albert H. Foster, 1855. 

John F. Gleason. 1847. 

Benjamin Goddard 3d. 1839. 

S. A. Goodspeed, 1862. 

R. M. Gould, 1861, clerk. 

Henry Goulding, 1840, 

E. A. Harkness, i86i. 

Nathan Heard, 1835. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 

Jeremiah Heiinessy. 1880. 
Charles Hersey, 1853, clerk. 
Daniel Heywood, 1841. 
W. H. Heywood, 1857. 
George Hobbs. 1841. 
E. X. Holmes, 1849. 
Lyman Howe. 1855. 
Leonard R. Hudson, 1858. 
G. E. Hutchinson, i85_'. 
E. L. Janes, 1902. 
Israel N. Keyes. 1859. 
Levi Knowlton, 1847. 
William Knowles. 1870. 
C. (). Lamb, 1886. 
Edward Lamli, 1844. 
William Leggate, 1840. 
Joel H. Litch. 1846. 
J. W. Loring, 1871. 
A. B. Lovell, 1861. 
C. L. McCarthy. 1913. 
Francis T. Merrick, 1835. 
Elijah F. Miller. 1857- 
Henry W. Miller. i837- 
Charles M. Mills, 1882. 
James L. Morse, 1866. 
Caleb Newcomb, 1839. 
C. E. Noyes, 1885. 
Samuel W. Osgood, 1846. 
Samuel A. Porter. 1850. 
E. G. Pratt, 1845, clerk. 
Joseph Pratt, 1841. 



423 



Smith Onimljy, 1801. 

Tilly Raymond, 1847. 

Gilliert X. Raws' in. 1875. 

George T. Rice, 1835. 

Josei)h Riclenut, i8f>5. clerk. 

H. E. RMhliins. 1801. 

J. D. Shaw. 1888. 

R. R. Shepard. 1857. 

W. B. Spooner. 1903. 

Samuel D. Spurr, 1837. 

L. W. Sturtevant. 1835. clerk. 

W. A. Swallow, 18(13. 

Moses Taft. 1855. 

Lewis Tliayer. 1835. 

Sewell Thayer. 1850. clerk. •• 

^Merchant Tuliey. 1837. 

Horatiii X. Tower, 1843. 

F. W. Townsend, 18O3. 

Freeman Ulihani. 1S43-4. 

E. L. X'aughn. 1881. 

A. W. Ward. i8oj. 

Samuel Ward, 1835. 

Frederick Warren. 1847. clerk. 

Ichab'id Washburn. 1835, clerk. 

E. G. Watkins, 1855, clerk. 

Clarendon Wheelock. 1837, clerk. 

William A. Wheeler. 1S3-. 

Joel Wilder. 1842. 

Fitzroy Willard, 1844. 

James S. Wo.Hlwurtli. 1843. 

George E. \\>nian. i83_>. 



I ■ .1 

Arthur C. Haradon has been assigned tn duty as clerk smce lltOl. 

Previously one of the engineers served as clerk of the l)iiard. as indicated 
in the list of engineers. 

Firemen's Relief Association.— The first organization f<ir i)roviding 
relief for sick and disahled firemen was organized in is:4 as the Wor- 
cester Firemen's Relief Association, and was inci >riH irated in is;8. All 
members who are injured receive aid from the funds, to which the 
annual dues of the members are added. From time to time gifts to the 
department for services rendered at fires are pliiced in this fund. The 
present officers are: Pres.. Florace L. Ware: \'ice-Pres.. Thomas P. 
Murphy; Sec, E. P. King: Treasurer. Hiram K. Williamson. 

The Worcester Permanent Firemen's Relief .\ssociation. organized 
later for similar purposes, has provided assistance to members of the 
regular force only. The present officers are: Pres., \\';dter W. Brown; 
Vice-Pres., Frank W. Mayers: Sec. John F. Tracey : Treas.. William 
H. McClure. 

The Worcester \'eteran Fireman's Association is an organization 
of the veteran firemen of the city. b(.)th volunteer and regular. It was 



424 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

organized in October, 1890, and incorporated Nov. 23, 1892. The society 
has headquarters in an old engine house at 21 Exchange street. The 
present officers are : Pres., Herbert Shales ; Treas., George Jennison ; 
Clerk, Charles S. Dinnin; Fin. Sec, Clifford G. Wheeler. 



CHAPTER XVI 
The Health Department 

Little attention was paid to the health of the community in early 
days. Before vaccination prevented the epidemics of small pox, it was 
frequently necessary for the selectmen to take action to quarantine this 
disease. Sore-throat distempers, probably diphtheria, were common, 
and the communities depended upon the physicians to care for them. 
Other epidemics raged from time to time, taking whole families or 
groups of children from the large families and desolating the communi- 
ties. Unsanitary conditions prevailed on farms as well as in cities. 
Tuberculosis was invited by the lack of ventilation in houses, bad heat- 
ing, and exposure in winter. The death rate, especially among infants, 
was very high in colonial days. 

Intelligent supervision of public health did not begin here until 
April 3, 1878, when the Board of Health was organized. It has the 
duties imposed upon similar boards, regulating sanitary conditions, 
plumbing, drainage, disposal of offal, suppressing contagious diseases; 
and in later years the inspection of milk and other articles of food. A 
laboratory for chemical tests of water, milk and foods has been main- 
tained at its headquarters in City Hall for many years. The Belmont 
hospital, which is described with the other hospitals, is in charge of this 
board. The recent addition of a tuberculosis ward at this hospital pro- 
vides one of the most needed and useful institutions of the city. 

The death rate has been reduced almost one-half since the board 
was established and kept records. In 18C4 the rate was 30.58 a thou- 
sand. The average for a dozen years afterward was over 23. Excluding 
the deaths at the state hospital the rate in recent years has been about 
14, and, excluding the non-residents dying in hospitals here, the rate is 
less than 13, making this city at the present time rank among the most 
healthful in the country. Due credit for this saving of human life must 
be given in part to an able and efficient board of health. 

The executive officers since 1909 have been: James C. Coft'ey, Dr. 
Edward H. Trowbridge, chairman, and George C. Hunt. There are 
three inspectors, and two inspectors of animals and provisions. The 
board is appointed by the mayor. The members of the Board of Health 
have been : 

George E. Batchelder, 1890-99. Albert A. Love!!, 1881-2. 

George W. Batchelder, 1900-06. Dr. Daniel W. Niles, clerk, 1879. 

Francis C. Bigelow, 1879-80. F. C. Thayer, clerk and inspector, 1883. 

Dr. Walter T. Clark, chairman, 1895-08. Dr. E. H. Trowbridge, chairman, 1909 . 

James C. Coffey, clerk and inspector, Dr. Lemuel Woodward, chairman, 1886- 

1884 . 90. 

Henry Griffin, 1888-89, chairman 1886-9. Dr. Rufus Woodward. 1879-1885, clerk 
Thomas Harrington, 1879-80, chairman. in :879, chairman 1881-5. 

George C. Hunt, 1907 . 



4^6 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 




\IE\VS OF QUIXSIGAMOXD LAKH SHORE. 



CHAPTER X\"II 
Parks and Playgrounds 

Public Parks. — The Cnnmiun has been a puhlic jjark since the first 
settler came hither, and its histur}' Ije.trins in June. liJiJK, when the com- 
mittee in charge ijf the settlement ni the plantation of Worcester set 
aside twent}- acres for a training ground near the proposed location of 
the meeting house. But the limits of the training lot were encroached 
up until l:)ut ele\en or t\\el\c acres remained in K:>".'. when a survey was 
made. The Common tlu-n extended from what is now Franklin street 
on the south to Mechanic street on the n(jrth. and from Alain street to 
Salem street and Church street. Cajjt. Aloses Rice was afterward granted 
half an acre, fronting on Main street on the site of the present Walker 
building. Jcihn Chandler came into jxjssession of what is now Har- 
rington Corner, at the junction of Main and Front streets, and the 
Chandlers Ijuilt a house, barn, store, office and other buildings there. 
After the Revolution. Ephraim Mower ke|it a tavern on this corner. In 
1818 William Ho\'e_v built a brick building in which he kept a hotel 
known as the Worcester Hotel. later as the Cnited .States Hotel, 
removed in bsili; to Mechanic street tu the site of the Cromjiton building, 
to make way for Clark's Block. 

In IToT Col. Chandler and his regiment assembled on the ('ommon 
to start for the relief of I't. William Henry. The militia (Irillnl there. 
On the Common the original church was erected, and later the town 
hall, a gun house and he.arse house. Part was used for a bur\-ing 
ground. The i>resent Common, bcjundeil liy Main. Front. Salem and 
Franklin streets, is but fi\'e acres in extent, cjnly a third of the nriginal 
reservation. Fi:)rmerl_\' two r^ads crossed the Common diagonalK'. 

The events on the Common of \',',4. preceding the Revolution, are 
related in the military chajjter. The minutenun drilled there, and Ca]it. 
Timothy Bigelow formed his compan_\- there for the march tn Lexing- 
ton April 1!'. I'.'.'i. after the alarm was received. His monunu-nt stands 
near the center uf the Common, dedicated .Vjiril I'.i. bS(!l. Rexuluticjuarv 
soldiers are buried beside the earl}' settlers cju the Common, but all the 
gravestones in 18.51-.") were laid flat o\er the gr;i\es and co\ered with 
earth and sod. 

The Declaration of Independence was first read in this town to the 
people assemljled im the Common by Isaiah Thomas, on Saturday. July 
13, or .Sunday, July 11. 1 ? ^"i.and on July 'i'^ the Independence of the C'olon- 
ies was celebrated on the Common: the Declaration read again to the 
assemblage there: bells were rung: cannon and musketry lired: and 
the crowd gave vent to their feelings in clieers and other demonstrations 



428 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



of joy. The king's arms were torn from the court house and burned. 
The sign of the King's Arms Tavern had suffered a similar fate with the 
acquiescence of the landlord. 

Throughout the Revolution the Common was a center of public 
activity, and ever since it has been a place of great public gatherings too 
large for the halls. The Common was not always the beauty spot it is 
today, but the fine elms show that some forethought was used by the 
town fathers a hundred years ago. By vote of the town Dec, 1SG9, the 
railroad tracks on the Common were ordered removed Nov. 21, 1877. 
A sketch of the history of the Common by Nathaniel Paine was pub- 
lished in the Worcester Magazine, June, 1901. 



IheCo'rnmorv 




irf^i-i V- 



The Soldiers' MomuiiuiL i.^ lucaud on the northeasterly part of the 
Common, and meetings have been held there annually on Memorial Day 
since it was erected. 

When the federal building was about to be erected in this city many 
citizens wished to have it on the Common. In November, 1887, a vote 
was taken, and the city refused by a vote of nearly two to one to sell part 
of the Common to the government for this purpose. A recent effort to 
have a new street cross the Common to connect with Commercial street 
also failed, public sentiment being shown to be overwhelmingly in favor 
of keeping the old Common intact. At the time the Bancroft Hotel was 
erected the city voted a strip ten feet wide from the Common to widen 
Franklin street. 

Elm Park. — On a tablet affixed to one of the field-stone pillars at 
the main entrance of Elm Park is inscribed: "This section of Elm 
Park, containing 27 acres deeded to the city of Worcester, ^larch 17 and 
March 20, 1854, by Levi Lincoln and John Hammond, was the first pur- 
chase of land for a public park in the United States. Elm Park as 



AXD ITS PEOPLE 4^9 



Thought and Wrought by Edward Winslow Lincohi, Park Coniinission, 
18:0-1896. Erected bj- the Citizens of Worcester VMo." The original 
cost of the land was $11,25: and there was opposition at the time to this 
expenditure for a section of swamp on the outskirts of the village. 

George Jaques (whose name we connect with his gift to the City- 
Hospital) at the time chairman of the committee on shade trees and 
public grounds, looked upon the whole idea of a pleasure park as the 
sentimental notion of impractical dreamers. In his report a few years 
after the purchase, he says: "The New Common or Elm Park as pub- 
lic-spirited citizens more ambitiously call it, has hitherto gained and 
suffered but little from the hand of man. The few, beside your com- 
missioners, who may occasionally wander into it for lonely contempla- 
tion or to commune with nature, find, in this sequestered spot much that 
they might have enjoyed and nothing that they would have feared there 
two hundred years ago. The care annually bestowed on this parcel of 
land has become a systematic routine of mowing grass, repairing fences, 
and dumping in filling for the reception of which the capabilities of the 
ground are believed to equal those of any first class park in the common- 
wealth. . . . Everything has been done. If no throngs of gay 
visitors have transformed the solitary place into a fashionable resort, 
it would seem unreasonable to censure the Commission, however great 
may be the provocation to blame popular taste." 

Probably the only point about the park commendable in Mr. Jaques's 
eyes was the $123.50 received for apples and hay raised upon it. He 
concludes in a desperate attempt to see a ray of hope in an obviously 
hopeless situation, by looking forward to "the possible fifty or more years 
hence when the purchase of this now unneeded pleasure ground may be 
as much a subject of congratulation as it is today of regret." 

Thirteen years later we find his attitude is no less sceptical, although 
other citizens are setting forth in glowing colors the possibilities of the 
swamp. In his report for 1863, Mr. Jaques says that there is little use 
to refer seriously to the "recommendations in reference to the construc- 
tion in Elm Park of an artificial sheet of water where, in summer, varie- 
ties of the web-footed tribe should be kept to amuse people (who never 
go there)," and where skating, in winter, while attracting a few worthy 
folks to the park, would bring also a crowd of unruly boys who in turn 
would necessitate the presence of more "blue-coated gentlemen" to be 
paid out of the city taxes. 

But soon even Mr. Jaques was converted to the glories of a really 
fine park and converted so suddenly that we find him in his very next 
report saying in reference to the dreamed-of pond : "Such a little lake, 
enlivened by a jet fountain and accessible by a tasteful arrangement 
of walks ... is just what is needed as the groundwork of a series 
of improvements which, if judiciously managed, would without heavy 



430 



HISTORY or WORCESTER 







AXV ITS I' EOF LI: 431 

ontlav oi inmu-v. make these gniuiuls in tlie cdurse cif a few years very 
creditable ti> the city." 

His urif^inal attitude and liis conversion represent that (it perhaps 
the ^lajorit^' of liis ciinteinp(jraries. It is hard for us, tn whmn parks 
have long since hecimie a necessity, to realize that they were hiokcd uiioii 
a half centur_\- ago nut merely as a luxury, hut as a luxin-y which flavored 
of the idle and dissipateil aristocracy of France in Louis XI\"s time. 
W'hv S]iend uuiiu-\. was the hue and cry. upon a pla_\-gr(imid for the idle 
in a countrv where we ha\e nci leisure class to enjoy it except the sickly, 
the aged, and the children? It was a hard fi.ght to cotuince the people 
that even the "( )ld L'limniou" was not a place for railroad tracks and 
buildings and hasehall and carpet sweeping. — Init that is another story. 

Elm I'ark has de\-eloped and public sentiment \vith it. 

Levi Lincoln left a be(|uest for the drainage of the park. In is^G 
work liegan on the tirst pond, and for twenty years tln'reafter hMw-ard 
W. Lincoln dex'oted much of his time to the construction of the jiark 
along the lines he originated. 

The citv acqtiired of John W. W'etherell and wife. William S. Lin- 
coln and others, by purchase in 1888. Xewton Hill (formerly "Little 
Prosjiect" ) Comprising aliout eighty acres at a cost of .S'lH.oiH) and that 
territorv is now jiart of Elm I'ark. It has lieen kept since then prac- 
ticall}" in its original condition, adding forest trees and ]>crennial shrul:)S 
here and there. A tennis court at Newton Square and another on 
Highland street have been well patronized during recent years. The 
flag flving from the jiole on Xewton Hill is one of the most cons|)icuous 
in the citv. The park de|iartment has a greenhouse on Park a\enue. 

The older section of Elm Park, wdiich has been dcscrilied l)y e.xpert 
judges and lanclscajie artists as the most beautiful of its size in the 
countrv. is a faveirite resort for summer and winter. The jionds are 
crowded with \-oungsters during the skating periods. ;ind the city 
removes the snow from the ice for their benefit. In summer the display 
of flowering jilants and shrubs from early spring till late in autumn is 
one continuous exhibition of the finest sort. The e\ergreens on Xew- 
ton Hill atTord an ideal background for the attractions of the older 
section. 

Mr. Lincoln's original jdan is preserved in the oftice of the Park 
Commission. It bears the inscription. "Thought and wrought 1)_\- Ed- 
ward Winslow Lincoln, anno domini bSU-1882." A large iiart of the 
trees now growing in the park were raised in a nurser\- which he estab- 
lished and which the commissioners have removed and greatly enlarged 
at Green Hill Park. Not only from this nursery but rare trees from 
abroad were pirocured. making the collection something of an arboretum. 
The rhododendrons and azaleas have flourished, as well as suir.ach. alders, 
willows, sassafras and roses. The deer park in the triangle between 
Highland street, Park avenue, and the path along the foot of the hill was 



432 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



an object of great interest for years. Under the conditions of the bequest 
of William A. Richardson, no animals are now kept in the park. Under 
the will, the city also consented to erect no buildings at the summit of 
Newton Hill, and no more roads on the hill. Mr. Richardson left the 
generous sum of $200,000, the income to be used for improving the 
parks of the city. 

Institute Park. — The popularity of Elm Park more than anything 
else led to the development of a system of parks throughout the city. 
The movement in favor of public reservations for parks throughout the 




• INSTITUTE TOWER. 
country gained headway rapidly, and Worcester merely kept in line in 
the procession. In the eighties the Park Commission made com- 
prehensive plans to provide all sections of the city with public parks. 
Stephen Salisbury (3d) was a member of the commission. In a com- 
munication to the mayor, June 20, 1887, Mr. Salisbury noted the fore- 
thought and generosity of two citizens who had provided a park of one 
hundred acres at Lake Quinsigamond, and offered the tract on the south 
side of Salisbury (North) Pond for a park. After the gift was accepted 
he undertook at his own expense to grade and lay out the park, the plans 
being prepared by Edward W. Lincoln ar.J Mr. Salisbury himself. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 433 

During the five 3'ears from 18S9 to 1894 this tract of twenty-five 
acres was transformed from an ordinary farm field into an ideal city 
park, with winding drives and shade trees. Gardens and flowering 
shrubs were omitted, and the general etlect of this park is quite different, 
though hardly less effective than Elm Park. Mr. Salisbury's idea was 
to allow the utmost freedom to visitors in roaming over the turf as 
well as though the roads and paths. His idea that the flowers would 
prove too tem])ting to visitors, has been proved erroneous by experi- 
ence; "the more that is done to provide these attractive features for the 
enjoyment of our people, the greater respect is shown for the work." 
(From a series of articles by James Draper, park commissioner, in the 
Worcester Mag., p. 36, 1894). 

The tower on Bancroft Hill came as a development of the work in 
Institute Park. It was built by Mr. Salisbury, and opened to the pub- 
lic, though it did not become public property until deeded to the city by 
the Art Museum, in accordance with the intention of Mr. Salisbury and 
named Salisbur}- Park. When the old ice houses were burned, Mr. Salis- 
bury refused to have new ice houses built on the s].)Ot, and he trans- 
formed the vicinity into a spot of beauty. Worcester has, therefore, to 
thank Mr. Salisbury not only for one of the most beautiful, useful and 
accessible parks, but for making the whole neighborhood attractive. 

The Worcester Polytechnic Institute was reserved by the donor 
certain rights to erect buildings in the park. The commissioners have 
recently constructed there tennis courts which are particularly conveni- 
ent for the students of the Institute, and in constant use by them dur- 
ing the season. In fact, the park itself serves for a campus for the 
institute, and keeps open in front of its main buildings forever a pic- 
turesque foreground such as it could have in no other way. Doubtless 
this adornment and enhancement of the grounds and surroundings of the 
institute was in the mind of the donor, who was one of its chief bene- 
factors, when he decided to convert land that cuuld have been sold to 
good advantage for building lots, into a city j^ark of extraordinary 
attractions. 

A bridge connecting the park with an island in the pond, and the 
stone tower — a duplicate of the ancient tower or "Old Mill" at Newport, 
Rhode Island, with various other buildings such as bandstands and 
shelters, have been erected in the park. 

Lake Park. — The first actual gift of land to the city for park pur- 
poses was that of fourteen acres on Lake Ouinsigamond by Hon. Isaac 
Davis in 1861, but the city was not able to look ahead of its nose at that 
time and, on account of a condition in the deed requiring a wall that 
would cost not more than $200, the gift was returned. Evidently the 
city fathers of 1862 had little faith in the future of the city or realization 
of the extent of future demands for public parks. 

H. H. Bigelow presented a tract of 38 acres to the city in June 
W.— 1-28. 



434 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 




LI\"1XG STATUE OX ROCK, LAKE PARK. 

OBSERVATION TOWER. LAKE PARK. 



.-^.\7) ITS PROPLE 4_:;5 

issl. tlic nucleus of Lake Park, and it was kunwu at first as Bi^elow 
Park. I he city accejited the gift witli a full measure of ap])rcciatioii 
this time. The tract had a thousand feet of water front. Then came 
lion. I'.dward \.. 1 )a\is with a gift of sixty acrt's ha\ing an extended 
frontage on the lake and .Mr. P>igelow afterward added to his original 
gift, increasing the amount of land from :iS to "lO acres, making a i)ark 
of 110 acres. .Mr. Davis also gave $").0()() for the improvement of the 
park, and Mr. Bigelow gave another strip of land tifty feet wide around 
the three sides of the park for a jjroper drivewa\-. The development of 
Lake Park is due t(.) the taste and zeal of James Draper of the P.-irks Com- 
mission. 

[•"ive }-ears later. Ah-. 1 )a\is erected at his own expense the massive 
stone tower that forms one of the conspicuous landmarks of the citw It 
marks the s])ot where one (.)f the tragedies of the early settlement was 
enacted and a tablet has since been ])laced on the tower to mark the 
historic spot. It may be said here that Worcester owes as much to .Mr. 
Da\'is as to any other man for the extension of its park system. .\'o 
sooner had he l)ecome a memlier of the Park Commission in l.ssil th;ui 
he began to pre])are a comprehensive plan for furnishing all sections of 
the city with iiarks. His ])lan was presented to the City Council. Seiit. 
•ii). ISSCi. and his suggestions received the substantial support of the 
.^py. the editorial writer of which was J. Evarts Greene, a member of 
the commis.sion. The argument of Air. Greene won the su])])ort of the 
pul)Iic. In the following years Mr. Davis pursued his purpose with 
unflagging energy and zeal until the plan was carried out. the necessary- 
legislation enacted, the lands l)ought fi)r the park system. The gifts iif 
Bigelow. Davis and Salisbury gave a great impetus to the mo\"ement. 
Others followed the e.xample of these wealth^■ and ])id>lic-spirited men, 

Fairmount Square. — Though less than an acre in extent, the little 
park known as I'"airniount .Square. gi\en by David .S. Messinger and his 
wife. June 3. 1888. was of \-alue in encouraging other donations of land 
to the cit}-. It is located on the eminence overlooking Rur.al Ceme- 
tery, and bounded b}' Ileinans. Willis. FJremer and Bryant streets. The 
onl_\- Condition of the gift was that the land be kept open as ;i public 
park and l)ear the name of I'^airmount .Square. 

Dodge Park. — Thomas H. LJodge presented thirteen acres in the 
north part of the city, fronting on North avenue. .Sept. 'i" . 1S:((). and he 
ex]iressly stated at the time in a letter to the board that the gift was 
in appreciation of the work of the c<immissioners. This p;irk has a 
beautiful grove, a never-failing sin'ing. a large oi)en held, and in time will 
be one of the most attractive of the smaller parks. 

Hadwen Park. — The land for Madwen Park was given bv one of 
the coniniissioners, C)badiah B. Hadwen. July is. 18!i-.'. It is a tract of 
fifty acres on the south shore of Curtis Pond, between Stafford and Web- 
ster streets, in Trowbridgeville. Mr. Hadwen was the senior member 



436 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



of the Parks Commission for many years, and had been active in the 
develo])nient of tlie ].)ark system from 18GT, when he was appointed a 
member of the old Commission of Shade Trees and Public Grounds. For 
many years he had the sole oversight of University Park. In the deed 
of gift he said: "The (jiiI}- condition which I annex to the gift is the 
single one that it shall Ije forever devoted to the purposes of a public 
park. I make this gift out of the affection which I bear to the city 
of Worcester and the interest I have in her system of parks, tending to 
|iromote rural and healthy enjoyment to her citizens for all time." 

Tb.e natural attractions of ridges, valleys, hillside water front, and its 
pine forests, make it most ]jleasing to those loving nature at its best. 
With the exception of a few paths cleared, a few rhododendrons and 
azaleas planted and a few shelters erected, no attempt has been made to 
alter the jiark fr(jm its natural state. It is easily accessible from the 
street car lines and a favorite resort for picnics. A pavilion 16 by 2-1 
feet, with chairs and tallies, has been provided for picnickers, and a stove 
provided for heating water and food. 

Boynton Park. — The gift of Charles D. Roynt(jn of Paxton, is located 
partly in Paxton and partly in Holden, comprising a tract of wild land 
of aljout 9o acres. In recent }'ears many attractive country houses have 
been built in this \'icinity, and the old farms have taken on themselves 
the dignit}' and beaut}' of country estates, upon which money has been 
spent freely for landscape adornment. Not many years ago this jiark 
was regarded, even by Park Coiumissioner Draper in lSM_)i as "not prac- 
tical to take on as a part of its park system," on account of its distance 
from City Hall and the end of the then Tatnuck car line. Put con- 
ditions have already changed in the past dozen }'ears and this park 
is a favorite resort for all classes, especially on Sundays during the 
spring, summer and autumn. A constantly running s]>ring of pure cold 
water, known as Silver Spring, is the great attraction and about this are 
si.x or seven acres of beautiful grove. 

Green Hill Park. — Some account of the Green homestead on Green 
Hill will be found in the chapter on Earl}- Settlers, etc. The whole 
of this property came into the possession of the city in 1905, and has 
since formed by far the most important and attractive public park of 
Worcester. The property was not an outright gift ; but $50,000 was 
contrilnited by the grantors toward its purchase, the net cost being 
$54,900. a mere fraction of its value, and the most generous gift of land 
the cit}- e\cr received. The Green estate comprised 500 acres of land 
valuable for building lots, crowning one of the most sightly of the circle 
of hills surrounding the city, accessible by a short ride on the street cars, 
and having everything that could be desired for a public park — a beauti- 
ful sheet of water, gardens, fields and woods, walks, brooks and drives, 
wonderful scenery, a charming diversity of landscape. The grantors of 
the property, heirs of Hon. .\ndrew H. Green, were Samuel M. Green 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



437 




(,kh.hA HILL .\LA.\S10.\. 




GREEN HILL PARK, 
From Crown Hill. 



438 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

of Holyoke, William O. Green and Alary P. Green of Chicago. Dr. Na- 
than W. Green and Lucy M. Green of New York. The eastern part of 
the park is a hill known as Millstone Hill, having an elevation of TfiO 
feet, half of which is wild land, and the rest heavily wooded. On the west is 
another hill, having at the top a reservoir formerly vised for a water sup- 
ply for the buildings. In the center is Green Hill Pond, containing some 
'M) acres, fed by springs, the headwaters of Hermitage Brook. It is 
stocked with German carp. 

The mansion house is surrounded liy rare shrubs and gardens. ,ind 
for generations both mansion and grounds had received the utmost atten- 
tion of the owners. No imjjortant changes or repairs were necessary. 
vSince the park was accjuired. the mansion has been used as a gathering 
place by various organizations, for parties and dances, as a shelter and 
place of rest, and a portion for the residence of the superintendent. 

Under the conditions of the deed, the city has the right to sell not 
more than 100 acres, but it is not likely that tlie area of this magnificent 
park will ever be decreased. In case of sale of land, the funds received 
must be used for park purposes. The of?er was made August 10, liJO.j, 
and accepted. In recommending the purchase of the park, the com- 
missioners said : "The estate therefore represents for park pin"poses 
an equi\alent investment of a quarter of a million dollars, thereby sav- 
ing the city not only on this expenditure, but what is of more moment, 
the long delay required for the process of nature to supplement the labor 
of man." 

The commissioners laid emphasis on the elevation of this park, 
its drainage, its advantages as a place of quiet, of cool breezes and fresh 
air for babies, invalids and the aged, for all needing rest and recuperation, 
especially the poor, as a place "to which the well may resort for relaxa- 
tion and amusement and the invalid for rest and restoration, where the 
beneficiaries of the fresh-air fund may rejjair or the votaries of nature 
mav renew in sequestered wood or field their kinship with mother 
earth. We must also believe reasons of sentiment and public spirit have 
moved its owners to make the city so generous a proposal, in order 
that the acres associated with the memory of an honored W^orcester 
family may forever be dedicated to public service by a disposition not 
only creditable to its present owners, but in entire consonance with the 
feelings of the late Andrew H. Green, who exhibited a lifelong interest 
in jniblic parks as the crowning beauty of a city and the source of health- 
ful enjoyment to all its people." Signed by O. B. Hadwen, James Dra- 
per, Edwin P. Curtis, B. W. Childs, Rufus B. Fowler, Board of Park 
( ■|>iiimissioners. 

Commissioners of Shade Trees and Public Grounds. — Among the 
lirst regulations of the old town of W'orcester was one made to protect 
the shade trees set out by public-spirited citizens on Main street. The 
noble elms over a century old in all parts of the city afTord evidence 



AND ITS PEOPLE 439 

that this t'xaniplf was t'oHuwed generally. From the Ijeginning, Wor- 
cester public o|)inion was settled tjii one thing — a street was not com- 
pleted until the shade trees were j)lanted. 

An act of the legislature creating a Commission of Shade Trees 
and Public Grounds was sulmiitted to the voters. November -lih. 18(32, 
with the following vote : 

WARDS 

8 
Yes 41 54 .. _M .. 41 ;_i +2— 254 



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The act Inning been acce|:ited by a niajorit\- of -Ji, was subsequently 
incorporated in the city charter upon its revision in lf>G(i. 

From 1SG3, when the Commissioners on Shade Trees and Public 
Grounds of three members were first ajiijointed. to 18T4. Edward Earle, 
James B. Blake. Henry Prentice, George Jaques. David S. .Messinger, 
Obadiah B. Hadwen, Stephen Salisbury. Jr.. Edward \V. Lincoln and 
Ossian L. 1-Iatch served on the commission. From 1ST4 to 18SJ. the 
commission consisted of Edward W. Lincoln. (J. B. Hadwen and Ste- 
phen Salisbury. Jr. This commission continued in existence until May 
1, 1885. when the Parks Commission became its successor, each mem- 
ber being ai)i)ointed for the term of five years. Mr. Lincoln served as 
chairman and secretary of the Parks Commission until his death in 
18i)G. The Parks Commission of 18,s:) were Edward Winslow Lincoln, 
Obadiah Brown Hadwen, Edward Livingston l)a\is. James Draper and 
J. Evarts Greene. 

The members of the Parks Commission from ISS.3 until l'.il7, when 
it was superseded by the Parks and Recreation Commission, were 
Edward Winslow Lincoln. Stephen Salisbury, J. Evarts Greene, Edward 
L. Davis, Obadiah B. Hadwen, James Draper, ^Martin Green, William H. 
Sawyer, Calvin L. Hartshorn. Edwin P. Curtis. William Hart. Benjamin 
W'. Childs, Rufus B. Fowler. Sven E. Hanson, Peter Baker. Henry H. 
Thayer, John M. Thayer, William T. Forbes. Harry Worcester Smith. 
James Draper was secretary, from 1896 to his death in 1907, Rufus B. 
Fowler was secretary from 1907 to 1917. Edward Winslow Lincoln was 
chairman and secretary until his death in 1896. 

Obadiah B. Hadwen was chairman, succeeded Mr. Lincoln for one 
James Draper was secretary, from 1896 to his death in 190'7 ; Rufus B. 
Curtis was chairman from 1900 until 1917, when the Parks Commission 
was succeeded by the Parks and Recreation Commission. 

James Draper, \\"illiam Hart, Benjamin W. Childs, Edwin P. Cur- 
tis, Martin Green, William H. Sawyer, Calvin L. Hartshorn have served 
since then, long terms on the Parks Commission. 

Shade Trees. — In an article in the Worcester Magazine, Oct., 1912, 
Harold J. Neale, the city forester, gave the details of the work of his 
department in trimming, planting and caring for the shade trees, and of 



440 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

the development of tree surgery and the means of prolonging the life 
and stimulating the growth of the trees. He had then made a card 
record of more than 17,000 trees out of 30,000 then under the supervision 
of the Forestry Department. Of these, 14,000 or more were rock Nor- 
way silver, red and maples: about 1,100 elms and 750 ash; 128 horse 
chestnut. Of the 28 varieties in the list, no other kind was numerous. 
Since then the city has planted many Lombard)- poplars and pin oaks, 
as well as maples. The most attractive tree, the elm, has been grow- 
ing steadily fewer in number on account of the beetle that has afflicted 
it in the past score of years, and is not being set out. 

The policy has been adopted of planting shade trees along all streets, 
60 feet apart. A nursery containing about 10,000 trees is maintained 
at Green Hill Park. The trees are trimmed in summer and cavities 
filled with cement; the department is engaged in suppressing the brown 
tail months by collecting their nests in winter. Though the trees are still 
protected bj- wire screens, far less damage has been done by horses in 
recent years, as horses have been largely displaced by automobiles. The 
elm leaf beetle is continuall_\- fought by spraying with arsenate of lead. 

Tohn W. Hemingway was Park Superintendent 1899-1910, and was 
City Forester 1908-10. Charles Green was previously City Forester. 

Other Public Parks. — East Park, which was ])urchased at a cost of 
$.50,000 and containing (KJ acres, is now known as Chandler Hill Park. 
Part of it occupies a plateau affording a magnificent view of the city 
and surrounding country. It forms a playground christened Draper 
Field in memory of James Draper, for many years secretary of the Parks 
Commission. Part of the park is on the low ground along Shrewsbury 
street, and this section has a baseball field for the youngsters and a small 
pond where they "go swimming." .\t the Shrewsbury street entrance 
the carved stone lions that for about forty years supported the stone 
arch of the old Union station at Washington Square, have been given 
positions of honor once more. Bell Pond now forms part of this park 
and has recently been provided with bathing houses. 

Crompton Park, on the east side of the city, is about fifteen acres 
in extent, and was bought by the city for $60,000. It is in a section 
where a breathing spot of tliis kind is needed and appreciated. The play 
fields are the leading features. Shelters and benches, wading-pool, foun- 
tains and walks have been provided. 

A small but very attractive park opposite Clark University bears the 
name of University Park. It was acquired by purchase at a cost of 
$86,000, and contains 13 acres. In treatment it resembles Elm Park 
more than any other, abounding in flowers and shrubbery and having a 
small pond. 

For the residents of the northern section, Burncoat Park, contain- 
ing 40 acres, furnishes a place of rest and recreation similar to that 
afforded by Elm Park to the people of the west side. Its similiarity in 



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AND ITS PEOPLE 



441 



landscape ettects has made it one (it tlie nK)St attractive to lovers of flow- 
ers and trees. Tlie little pond gives variety to the scenery and the 
walks and paths attract many even from distant parts of the city. 

Other parks of small size or undevelojied are included in the follow- 
ing' list of the eighteen city parks; 



Boynton Park, in t"\vns "f I'axtnn aiul 
Holden. near city line. Ciuitains 11,5 
acres. 

BuriiCDat Park, on Melrose street, be- 
tween Burncoat and Lincoln streets. 
41.51 acres. 

Chandler Hill Park, between .Shrews- 
bury. Merrifield and Helm^mt streets. 
Contains about 80.J4 acres. 

Common, between ^hiin. l-'nml. and 
Franklin streets and Salem s(|uare. 
Contains 4.8 acres. 

Crompton Park, between Harding, Can- 
ton and Endicott streets and Ouinsig- 
amond avenue. Contains 15. .25 acres. 

Dodge Park, on Randolph road, about 
li mile northwest of Burncoat street. 
Contains 13 acres. 

Elm Park, on Park avenue. Kussell, Elm. 
Pleasant and Highland streets. It 
includes Newton Hill. Contains 88 
acres. 

Fairinount Square, between Hemans, 
Willis, Bremer and Bryant streets. 
Contains .95 acres. 

Grant Square, between Northamiiiini ;ind 
Mount A'ernon streets. Contains 1.55 
acres. 
The estiinated total area of ('itv Par 



(ireen Hill Park, at terminus of Chan- 
ning and (ireen Hill parkway, and 
extends from Belmont street to Lin- 
coln. Contains about 500 acres. 

Hadwen Park, between Heard street and 
Curtis Pond. Contains about 50 acres. 

Institute Park, on Salisbury street, Park 
avenue and (Irove street. Contains 
.25.44 acres. 

Lake Park, on Lake avenue, between 
Xonquit street. Coburn avenue and 
Lake Quinsiganiond. Contains iiu 
acres. 

Middle River Park, between Middle Riv- 
er road and Middle River. Contains 
8.1 acres. 

North Shore Reservation, bordering Lake 
Quinsiganiond, between Belmont and 
Lincoln streets. Contains 5.95 acres. 

Salisbury Park, on either side of Massa- 
chusetts avenue, between Park ave- 
nue and Beechmont street. It in- 
cludes Bancroft Hill. 19.99 acres. 

L'niversity Park, between Main, Gates, 
Crystal, and Illinois streets. Con- 
tains 14 acres. 

ks is 1.091.88 acres. 



In L889 North, Messenger Hill, East Worcester. Croni])ton, L'niver- 
sity, Newton Hill and Institute parks were opened. 

Arthur \'. Parker is the present Superintendent of Parks. 

The project of connecting the parks about the city by a broad boule- 
vard, an idea of J. Evarts Greene, has been carried out in part and when 
completed will add greatly to the beauty of the city and the attractive- 
ness of its parks. 

The Municipal Cluli House of the city is the only institution of its 
kind in the country, as far as is known. The mansion in Green Hill 
Park was used for a time after it became the property of the city as a 
place for tired women and cliildren to rest. It was well adapted to this 
purpose, but when tlie Cit} Missionary Society was unable to do its 
share in furnishing funds for the care and maintenance of this charity, 
another use had to be found for the mansion. The idea of Mr. Fowler 



44-2 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

that there was need of a municipal club house, a place for meetings and 
social gatherings of clubs and organizations of limited means was 
tried and the experiment has been very successful. No charge is made 
for the use of the house, and it is engaged for many weeks in advance. 
Mrs. Jennie C. Brightman is in charge. The facilities of the club- 
house are excellent and ample. 

Playgrounds. — Since 1910 the city parks have been put to another 
and highly successful use. In that Near Worcester caught the spirit of 
progress, and a voluntary association was formed to give the children of 
the city playgrounds. So successful was the undertaking, that the city 
government took over the work in 1911, and made official appointments 
from the leaders of the Playground Association, appropriating the sum 
of $8,000 to the use of the commission. The commissioners were : 
George F. Booth, chairman. Rev. Dr. John J. McCoy, George N. Jepp- 
son, Earle Brown and John F. Gannon — an editor, a clergyman, a man- 
ufacturer, a lawyer and a teacher — an admirable selection of public-spir- 
ited influential and able men, who were interested in the movement, and 
who carried it to a successful issue the very first year. 

The following spots were assigned to the commission : Green- 
wood Park, on Greenwood street ; \'ernon Hill Playground, on Provi- 
dence street: Kendrick Field, on Brook street; Tatnuck Playground in 
the rear of the Tatnuck School and Beaver Brook Playground. The 
caretaking, temporary and permanent improvement, as well as the lay- 
ing out of ball-grounds and tennis courts and the installation of appa- 
ratus, was assigned to the new commission. \V. Francis Hyde was 
ap]iointed supervisor. He had served as assistant during the first year, 
and this experience with a natural aptitude for the work made his 
appointment very fortunate. The commissioners, serving without pay, 
gave their time and abilities to the work without stint. Each play- 
ground was placed in charge of a director having a staff of paid and 
volunteer assistants. 

Thousands of citizens gathered at Fitton field to witness the Taill- 
tenn Games at the end of the season Sept. 1, 1911. The children number- 
ing 5,500 from twenty-three playgrounds were transported in- special 
street cars to Fitton field. Here was given an exhibition of the games, 
dances, sports, in which the children had taken part and found pleasure 
and profit during the summer. Similar exhibitions have followed from 
year to year, demonstrating the wide range of play and work on the 
playgrounds. The main purpose, that of keeping the children pleasantly 
occupied during the long vacation, teaching them some useful things 
and giving some intelligent supervision of their play with adequate facil- 
ities for sports and games, was evident from the start. There was a very 
interesting exhibition of the needle work and basketry made during the 
summer. A Playground orchestra of forty children was formed and 
performed astonishingly well. 



.-/A7) ITS PEOPLE 



443 



The Tailltcnn gaiiu-s were hut a review ui tlie summer's acliieve- 
iiieuts. Progress has heeii made sinee tlieu in e\erv direction. Com- 
petitive sports are lield at Kast Park late in August and these exhibi- 
tions arc of the highest interest to the hoys of the citv. 

In l!tK it was decided to unite the Parks Commission and i'la}'- 
ground Ctjmmission under one hody, l-'oihjwing is a list c_)f tile Play- 
grounds in Ptn : 



Beaver Brook Playgr.miul. Cliandler. 
^h^yfleId and Parker streets, tn Beav- 
er Brook. Contains 15.49 acres. 

Bell Pond Swimming Beach, Belinont 
street. Contains 3.5 acres. 

Greenwood Playgronnd. on (jreenwood 
street, between Tatinan and Fors- 
lierg. Contains 14.95 acres. 

Indian Lake Swimming Beach. Iietween 
Stowell and Sherhurne avenues. Con- 
tains 1.14 acres. 

Kendrick Field, on Brooks street. Green- 
dale. Contains 14.87 acres. 



South Worcester Playground, on Cam- 
bridge street, between Camp street 
and N. v.. \. H. & H. R. K. Con- 
tains 4.54 acres. 

Tatnnck Playground, in rear of Tatnuck 
Sclioolhouse. on Pleasant street. Con- 
tains 2.94 acres. 

Wrnon Hill Playground, between Ver- 
non and Providence streets. Contains 
if).43 acres. 

Worcester Public Golf Links, Lincoln 
street, near Goldtlnvait road. 



The Park Commissioners at the beginning of PUT were: Edwin 
P. Curtis, chairman; Rufus B. Fowler, secretary: John AI. Thaver, Wil- 
liam T. Forbes and Harry W. .Siuith ; Arthur \'. P.irker was superinten- 
dent of parks; Harold J. Neale, city forester. 

The Playground Conimissioners in 1i»U were: George F. Booth, 
chairman: Earle Pirown. secretary: John F. Gannon: George S. Bar- 
ton; Rev. ])r. John J. AlcCoy. The su])ervisor was Thomas E. Holland. 

When the parks and playgrounds were consolidated under one 
board the new Commission, which came into existence in May, PiG. was 
called "Parks and Recreation Commission." The Commission has charge 
of all the pul)lic parks and playgrounds in Worcester and swimtuing 
beaches at Bell Pond and at Indian L;ike, and cmic swimming beach at 
Lake Quinsigamond. It consists of seven members appointed by the 
Mayor, each for a term of three years. The Board is: George F, 
Booth, chairman; George S. Barton, secretary: Harry Worcester Smith, 
Adrian \'an Leeuwen, Jr., Rev. Dr. John J. McCoy. James Logan, Charles 
L. Allen. Thomas E, Holland is the executive officer of the Board. 
Both Edwin P. Curtis and Rufus B. Fowler of the old Board of Park 
Commissioners were offered appointment on the new Board but 
declined. on account of ill health. 

Children's Garden City. — Dr. Rol)ert F. Floodv gave to this citv in 
his Children's Garden City a unique idea, a . practical and successful 
method of turning the mischievous activities of boyhood into a useful 
and hajipy action. In ten years ]\Ir. Flood}- and his wife wrought out 
this idea with amazing results, setting an exaiuple for the whole coun- 



444 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

try and making wonderful iinjirovement in the human material with 
which they dealt. 

Dr. Floody, as superintendent of the Worcester Social Settlement 
in the "Island" district, then the most congested in the city, containing 
no less than twenty-two nationalities and having a bad record for pov- 
erty, drunkenness and crime, began the work in 1907. He faced the 
problem of theft that was universal among the boys. They preyed 
upon gardens. No kind of property was safe from petty thieves. He 
believed that to stop thievery, the thieves themselves mtist have prop- 
erty. He began by securing "Dead Cat Dump," having in mind the 
purpose of cleaning away a wretched nuisance that had infested the 
community fur years. He called the children to aid in removing the 
rubbish and filling the hollows. Street sweepings were used to level 
the surface and the tract was then staked ofif in gardens 10 by 18 feet, 
with streets and squares. Each child was charged ten cents for his plot 
and received a garden, five packages of seeds and all the flowers and 
vegetables raised. The ages of the children ranged from six to sixteen 
years. Eighty gardens were assigned the first year. From the first 
the crops were excellent in quantity and equality. 

But it was necessary to devise some way to protect the gardens 
from theft and mischief. So the workers were organized with a mayor, 
seven councillors, garden, street, tool, flag and water commissioners 
and police officers. The council made the laws ; the police enforced 
them rigidly. The laws forbid swearing, smoking, drinking and, of 
course, stealing. The result has been incredible. Not one garden in 
twentv has been molested from the beginning, though there is absolutely 
no other protection than that of the child police force, backed by the pub- 
lic sentiment among the garden owners. To reduce the cruelty toward 
animals, animals were furnished the children for pets with excellent 
results. 

After three successful years in the Island district, Dr. Floody 
extended his work in a district composed chiefly of Italian children 
with equal success. In the following year he established the Beaver 
Brook gardens, where the children were mainly from American families, 
with as good if not better results. In 1912 two more garden cities were 
established, making a total of six. In 11)13 four garden cities were 
maintained : one entirely of Swedish children, another of Italian and 
the other of various nationalities. The success of the work here led to 
the adoption of the plan in various other cities. Among the first to try 
the plan were Noroton and New London, Connecticut, and Pollocksville, 
North Carolina. 

As a reward for good conduct, good gardens and good service, a ride 
is given annually to Bunker Hill, Boston, Lexington and Concord. For 
five years George D. Webb provided the transportation, and since then 



AND ITS PEOPLE 445 

Charles F. Webb has continued his father's generous edUlribution to 
the work. 

In the first year eiglity cliihlreu had gardens; in the second year 
400; in the third GOO; in the fourth SOO. In 1912, Dr. Moody had an 
army of 1,200 children cultivating gardens. In 1913 the old dump on 
Shrewsbury street was turned into a garden city, and the cities were 
maintained .at the Island. Lakeview, Green Hill, Quinsiganicmd and 
Beaver Brook. 

After the death of Dr. Floody, the number of gardens was reduced, 
as Mrs. Floody, who had been giving her time to the work from the 
beginning, found herself unable to do douljle work. In 19i; three cities 
were conducted, and 200 children who wanted gardens had to be refused. 
Since the work began, from 190: to lOlT. a total of 8,200 children have 
cultivated gardens. Many of the gardeners manage to raise and sell $10 
worth of vegetaljles. The exercise has made a very perceptible improve- 
ment in the health of the children ; the work has taught them much 
about agriculture, and the rights of property. Juvenile crime in the city, 
the police state, has been reduced ten per cent by the oiicration of the 
garden cities. The cleaning away of dumps has had its eit'ect on the 
health of the communities. The boys and girls have learned the primary 
lessons of business. The total value of the produce raised in the cities 
has been estimated at $l,()ii(» annually. The city i)Ian has also taught 
the children the meaning of government and tends to make more intelli- 
gent and useful citizens in later years. 

At the time of his death, Dr. Floody was preparing to extend the 
work through the International Garden City League. Those who have 
been active in this city in assisting Dr. and Mrs. Floody in the work 
and have served as officers of the organization are: David A. Scott, 
Dean James P. Porter of Clark College. Jacob Asher, Edwin J. Seward, 
Charles F. Webb, T. A. Matthews, Louis E. Feingold. Alfred E. Flarris, 
E. Bert Johnson, B. F. Northridge, Rev. C. B. Elder, Francis Reed, Dr. 
M. G. Overlock, Robert L. Dyson, William Forsberg, Rev. H. C. Buck- 
ingham, Hon. George M. Wright, Dr. Edmund C. Sanford of Clark 
College, Flenry C. Graton, J. Lewis Ellsworth, George T. Dewey, Edwin 
P. Curtis, Hon. Edward F. Fletcher. 



446 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 




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CHAPTER X\"III 
The Police — Courts of Town and City 

In Colonial days the c-nlorcfnu-nt of tlic law was in thf hands of 
constables, elected in the towns, or apjiointed by the General Courts in 
Plantations and other places not given the authority to elect their own 
officers. As the town of Worcester was not incorporated until ^]^i^i, 
the constables serving at an earlier date were apjiointed bv the General 
Court. In the lirst settlement there was probal)ly no need of a peace 
officer, for the planters were here but a year or so. 

As soon as the second settlement was under wa_\', i)rovision was 
made for the enforcement of laws and regulations. By an order dated 
June IT, 1684, viz: ".\t the motion and desire of the L'ommittee of the 
Plantation of Quinsigamond, this Court doth order that (William) 
Weeks be constable for the plantation for one year next ensuing and that 
he have all the powers of a constable as the law directs and Ca])t. Hench- 
man is impowered to give said Constable his C)ath." Weeks was a 
housewright. (.See Early Families). Gookin of the committee was a 
magistrate; Ijut the authority given to Henchman ajijiears to he special. 

The next record of a constalde here was in Idi)-^, when .Samuel Leon- 
ard signs a petition as "constalile." If others were appointed l)efore the 
settlement was abandoned, the record has not been found. 

The first constaliles elected after the town was organizeil, at a meet- 
ing Sept. 28, 1T52, were Jonathan Moore and John Hubbard. The first 
tythingmen were James Hi>lflen and Jacob Holmes. The constables col- 
lected taxes, served writs and warrants, gave warnings of town meet- 
ings and performed varii.ius (ither duties now out of elate (jr taken over 
by other officers in towns as well as cities. When the town was divided 
into districts one constaljle was elected for each. The records of town 
meetings give the names of constables elected from ['i22 to 181s, Since 
then the constaliles have Iieen ap])ointed, their duties under the city 
form of government being confined largely to serving writs in which 
the (/(/ damnum is less than S-!<)(). 

Among the Indians, Matoonus, mentioned elsewhere, was clothed 
with the powers of a constable* among the Indians of I'ak.achoag, but 
he soon lost his authority on account of murder committed at Mendon 
and, as related elsewhere, was executed on Boston Common. But 
Matoonus cannot l)e counted as a jieace ofticer of tlie pl.antation of 
Quinsigamond. The honor of being the first constable Ixdongs, as far 
as is now known, to William Weeks. .Staves for the constables were 
ordered by the t(j\\n. ( )ct. 1!>. \'rf'.. James Rice and Zephaniah Rice 
were constables in A'i'i'-i. Rotation in office was the rule: the duties 
were not sought, btit those w ho declined to serve were fined. 



448 HISTORV OF WORCESTER 

The tithingman was a peace officer whose special duty was to restrain 
the youth in meeting and elsewhere on Sunday, and see that the Sab- 
bath was observed, and that everybody went to church and, if they 
did not, to find the reason. 

From time to time persons were "warned out" of town. This for- 
mal notice to newcomers to town was made by the constables by order 
of the selectmen, and was chiefly for the purpose of preventing poor 
persons or those likely to become town charges from acquiring a legal 
residence. As a rule, those favored with these rude welcomes paid no 
attention to them. They received a second warning, if they were really 
objectionable. In another chapter a list of families warned out of this 
town is given for its historical and genealogical value. In many cases 
the former residence of the person is given. From the very beginning 
of the colonies, it must be said, strict regulation over the inhabitants of 
a town was kept. The settlers meant to restrict the inhabitants, as far 
as possible, to those of similar religious faith. Only Puritans were wel- 
come, and while all settlers did not join the Congregational churches, 
all were obliged to attend them and pay for their support. 

The General Court passed an act March 10, 1T9T, repealing the acts 
of 1699, i;03, 1711, 1712, 1726 and 1752, providing for keeping the peace 
and enforcing the law and order. This act made men over eighteen lia- 
ble for watch and ward duty, excepting justices of the peace, selectmen, 
sheriffs and ministers. It was intended for the larger towns, and Wor- 
cester did not take advantage of its provisions. The militia often did 
watch and ward duty in provincial days. 

The constables from 1825 until 1848, when Worcester was incor- 
porated as a city, were : 

John Gleason Jr., Thomas Howe, Timothy W. Bancroft, Lewis 
Bigelow, Luther Burnett Jr., John F. Clark, Joseph Lovell, William 
Chamberlain, Levi A. Dowley, Saniuel Ward, Asa Hamilton, Dorrance 
J. Wilder, Charles A. Hamilton, Simeon Gleason, Lewis Thayer, Bill- 
ings Hobart, Charles 'Si. Deland, Edward H. Hemenway, Charles P. 
Bancroft, Clarendon Wheelock, Asa Matthews, William R. Wesson, Seth 
Fisher, Lyman Whitcomb, Warren Hinds, Samuel R. Jackson, Gordin 
Gould, Luther Capron, Joel Wilder, Danforth H. Bundy, Leonard Pool, 
Peter Richardson, Ivers Phillips, Benjamin Flagg. Joseph Lovell, George 
Hobbs, Rufus Hastings, William M. Bitkford, Harrison G. Howe, Wil- 
liam Greenleaf, Charles Hersey, Parley Goddard. Whiting Gates, Clau- 
dius B. Long, George B. Conklin, John H. Knight, Benjamin B. Otis, 
Levi Jackson, Thornton A. Merrick, Asa D. Whittemore, Benjamin 
Walker, .Samuel Banister, Rufus Rice, Charles Davis, George Jones, 
Francis Strong, Rudolphus C. Edwards, Calvin W. Ainger, Frederic 
Warren, Sumner Pratt, Luther Gunn, Jubal H. Haven, Lewis Thayer, 
Charles Warren, Edwin Eaton. 

In 184G there were twelve constables, and thev did all the civil 



AXD ITS PEOPLE 449 

business as well as looking out for the protection of the inhabitants. 
On the occasion of the funeral of Capt. George Lincoln, killed at the bat- 
tle of Buena V'ista Feb. 23, 1847, which was July 22, a special appoint- 
ment of constables was made. 

The constables from 1848 to 1851, and watchmen and day police 
from 1851 to ISGO, were: Frederic Warren, Edwin Eaton, Asa Mat- 
thews, George Jones, Levi Jackson, Alvan W. Lewis, Jonathan Day, Wil- 
liam L. Merchant, Elbridge G. W'atkins, Jeremiah Kane, Peter Don- 
liavie, William A. Rowland, John D. Welts, David Gleason, Andrew 
Beaman, William W. Codding, Stephen Shumway, Lathrop Dorman, 
Gustavus Elliot, Ebenezer Lund, Arvin Thompson, James McFarland, 
M. L. Bolster, Joseph Chapman, Lewis B. Clisbe, Michael O'Driscoll, 
George S. Hamilton, Lawson E. Lovering, John R. Willard, Samuel S. 
Sweetser, Ebenezer Flagg, Henry H. Harrington, Horace Hilman, 
Dwight S. Jackson, James H. Raymore, Otis Stearns, Haskey Weight, 
George S. Hamilton, Ezra Kent, William Hoyle, Samuel H. Reed, 
Charles T. W'hitmore, Joseph H. Flint, William Lawrence, John Morri- 
son, George F. Newton, Silas Nourse, Francis C. Bigelow, Silas Clapp, 
John G. Goes, Perley Dean, Walter H. Duggan, Charles W. Wentworth, 
Hollis Ball, John W. Davis, William B. Martin. The deputy marshals 
during that period were : Frederic Warren and Edwin Eaton, 1848 ; 
Frederic Warren, 1852 and 1853 ; Levi Jackson and Benjamin W'alker, 
1855; John L. Baker, 18.36; J. Waldo Denny, 1857 and 185S ; John M. 
Goodhue, 1858; James McFarland and John M. Studley, 1859. Cap- 
tains of night-watch- — Frederic Warren, 1851, 1852 and 1853; Benjamin 
Walker, 1855; Samuel H. Reed, 1857; James McFarland, 1858 and 1859. 

Jail Limits. — Prisoners for debt were allowed certain privileges not 
given to criminals in confinement in jail. An act of the legislature, Feb. 
21, 1785, granted to prisoners for debt, relief from close confinement and 
enabled them to have exercise and fresh air without giving indulgences 
by which a fraudulent debtor could elude his creditors. Prisoners for 
debt were allowed under this act to give a bond to their creditors for 
double the amount for which they were imprisoned, that they would not 
go beyond the liberties of the prison, and on reasonable payment for 
rooms, not exceeding two shillings a week, at a price fixed by the Court 
of Sessions, might have the liberty of the yard. The jail limits were 
also fixed by the Court of Sessions, which had no power, however, to 
extend them beyond the land of the county and the highways adjoining 
or leading to the jail. If a prisoner entered a private house or enclosure, 
he was guilty of escape and his bond forfeitable. 

The jail limits fixed in August, 1790, included that part of Lincoln 
Square opposite the jail land, excluding the yard of the jail, and the pris- 
oners were required to enter and leave "through the avenue erected from 
the top of the fence to the front door in the middle stor}'." 

In 1808 the limits were extended to Samuel Chandler's fence on 
W.— 1-29. 



450 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

the east side of Sumner street, southerly to the South Parish Church, 
crossing the street there and continuing to the school house at the cor- 
ner of Thomas street ; westerly to the brook and northerly to the corner 
of the turnpike bridge. The northerly limit was at the Brown and But- 
man tavern on Lincoln street, a few rods beyond Lincoln Square. In 
September, 1818, the limits were again extended, on petition of Isaiah 
Thomas and others, to include the land between a line drawn easterly 
from the meeting house and the Worcester turnpike. 

A large proportion of the prisoners in jail here were incarcerated 
for debt at the pleasure of their creditor until the laws were modified 
to prevent this form of human slavery. They were allowed within the 
jail limits which were often made for the purpose to include a consider- 
able part of the town. If this class be eliminated from the records as 
non-criminal the inmates of the Worcester jail during the first century 
would be almost negligible. 

There were a few murders in the county, occasional crimes against 
women, some stealing, drunkenness and assavilts. Criminals with long 
sentences were sent to Castle William. 

Police Under the City Charter. — When Worcester became a city, there 
was at first no radical change in the police force. The constables who 
had served the town became the night watch for two years later. The 
first constables of the city were c|ualified April 1', 1S48, viz: Asa 
Matthews, George Jones, Levi Jackson, Edwin Eaton, Frederic Warren 
and Benjamin R. Otis. The first city marshal, George Jones, was 
appointed May 4, 1848. 

Charles W. Lewis, the first night watchman, was appointed in 
Sept., 1848, to do duty in the vicinity of the city hall and care for the 
prisoners in the lock-up in that building, and he continued in office 
until April 1, 1749, when John D. Welts succeeded him. His salary was 
$225 a year. 

At this period the city had a population of 15,000 and a record of 
about 200 cases of drunkenness a year. The foreign immigrants were 
the offenders as a rule. More police were needed, and in 1850 Moses L. 
Bolster, Lathrop Dorman, William W. Codding, John A. Dodge, Daniel 
Holman, Stephen Shumway and Matthew F. Harding were appointed 
night watchmen. 

The citj' lock-up was in the old city hall basement. During a few 
months when the city hall was being remodeled, the lockup and police 
station were in the old brick school house on the Common. The office of 
the city marshal was at first in the basement, later on the first floor of 
the city hall, and the police captains and watchmen had rooms in the 
basement. There were no police uniforms until 1865. The record of 
arrests since 18411 has been kept. In 18(32 the pay of watchmen was 
raised to $2 a day, and the men gave their entire time to the work. Pre- 
viously they were accustomed to work half ^ day in the shops. The 



AND ITS PEOPLE 431 

salary of the city marslial in 1S55 was $1,000 a year, and of the two 
assistant marshals $750 each. 

Frederic Warren, ajipointed city marshal in 185G, known as "King 
Warren," was an exceedingly able and efficient officer. While showing a 
revolver that Henry D. Stone had given him to a visiting sheriff, Henry 
W. Hendricks, of Charleston, S. C, Warren was mortally wounded by 
the accidental discharge of the weapon. Before he died he exonerated 
Hendricks, who held the revolver at the time of its discharge. The 
Boston Courier described liim as "an efficient officer and courageous 
man. He was the detective of western Massachusetts." He died Nov. 
13, 1858. 

For the first time, the city council adopted regulations governing 
the police force, Feb. 55, 1S5G. The watchmen were to be on duty 
from sunrise to sunset, and perform a "tour" hourly. They had to shut 
ofif the gas street lights. The rules were revised in ISGO. In 1871 the 
name of watchman was changed to patrolman. 

During the Civil War the camps in the city added greatly to the 
work of the police. The soldiers were young and bent on having a 
good time. Their foraging and over-indulgence in stimulants often 
brought the rouglu-r element into the hands of the police. And, espe- 
ciall}- after the payments of bounties and drafting of recruits began, there 
was a constant hunt for deserters ; in ISfi'i there were 44 arrests for deser- 
tion from the army, one from the navy. 

In 1864 the salary of the city marshal was raised to $1,500, and iiT 
1869 to $1,600. From time to time the pay of the assistants was also 
raised. In 1865 the watchmen's pay became $'2.25 a dav and the cap- 
tains $2.40. In 1868 the patrolmen received $'.^.50 a day, and captains 
$2.75; in 1867 the pa}- of patrolmen was made $3 a day, in 1872, $2.75, 
in 1873, $3, continuing to 1876 when it was made $2.50 and in 1877, $2.25. 

Truant officers were first appointed in 1863, consisting of Mayor D. 
Waldo Lincoln, Marshal Charles B. Pratt and J- D- E. Jones, superinten- 
dent of schools. 

There was more disciiiline in the police department after the war, 
when marshals with tnilitary experience were in office. Col. Drennan, 
appointed in 1872, drove the gamblers out of the city and enforced the 
liquor laws. He put the patrolmen through a regular military drill, and 
vastly improved their morale. 

The tendency was to reduce the pay of patrolmen during hard times 
or ])eriods of economy in city affairs. In 1877-75), captains received only 
$2.50 a day: in 1880, $2.75; in 1881, $3. In 1881 the pay of patrolmen 
was raised to $2.50, remaining at that figure until a graded system was 
adopted Dec. 1, 181)6, fixing the pay at $2.75, after the third year. The 
pay of detectives has varied from $2.50 in 1876, when Ezra Churchill 
was appointed the first detective, to $3.25 in recent years. In 1883 the 



452 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

rank of sergeant was created, with salary of $1,000. and the jiay of cap- 
tains fixed at $1,200. 

In 1884-85, when Amos Atkinson was city marshal, the duties of 
probation officer were added to his office, and the salary raised to $2,000. 
Later the probation officer was made a separate office and paid $1,500. 
Coi. E. J. Russell filled the office until a few years ago, when the present 
incumbent, A. F. Dunkerton, was appointed. Alfred AI. \'an Dusen is 
also a probation officer (191?). 

Patrick O'Day, who is still on the force, and Reuben M. Coltiy were 
appointed detectives Jan. 7, 1884. In 1891 the office of detective was 
changed to that of inspector. 

The first police sergeants were John \V. Hadley and Charles W. 
Barker, appointed in Feb., 1883. 

The first step toward making the positions on the police force per- 
manent was made by Mayor Charles B. Pratt, in 1877. Previously the 
city marshal had been a political office, and patrolmen likewise were 
appointed for political services. Officers of the other political parties 
were dismissed by each incoming mayor. In 1888 an act of the legisla- 
ture provided for the permanent tenure of office of the police officers. 
Mayor Pratt also gave the city its first mounted police — George V. 
Barker, D. A. Matthews, Albert J. Bemis and Napoleon Oliver. After 
1882 the mounted police were discontinued for a period. In the mean- 
time R. M. Colby, Charles H. Benchley, George J. Chandley and David 
Goggin served as mounted police. 

Since 1883 the police department has been provided with one or 
more wagons for conveying prisoners and for ambulance service. The 
first regular patrol wagon was bought in 1885. 

Station Two, on Lamartine street, was occupied Feb. 26, 1883, in 
charge of Charles W. Barker. The building had originally been a fire 
station house. In 1888 Sergt. Sumner W. Ranger, then in charge, was 
made captain. 

In 1885 the police station was transferred to the Armory building 
on Waldo street, erected in 1875 at a cost of $49,392. At that time the 
department consisted of 77 men. 

The first police matron, Mrs. Mary B. Lane, was appointed under 
a new law, in July 1, 1887, serving until April 1, 1892, and during this 
period she cared for 1,400 women prisoners. Dora H. Cook succeeded 
her, serving until Jan. 1, 1897, when Mrs. Deborah B. Sawtelle was 
appointed. 

Police Signal Service. — The Brewer & Smith signal service was 
installed and was first used Oct. 14, 1887, with thirty boxes. This sys- 
tem was used for ten years, ten more boxes being added in 1888. The 
Gamewell system was installed in 1899, and has since 1900 been in charge 
of the fire-alarm department. It was a telegraph-tape system, the rec- 
ord at central office registering the calls from boxes. It was finally 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



453 



sii|nTC(.'(.lc(l liy the prfseiit telfphoiic S}su-ni allowing unlimited com- 
munication hetween patrolmen and the office. 

Since the tenure of office in the police dejiartment has been per- 
manent, apijointments have lieen made only after civil service examina- 
tions and both physical and mental qualifications have been raised from 
year to year as a result of this system. Exemptions were made from 
the civil service in fa\-or of Civil War veterans, but on account of the 
age limit for new officers this exemption has ceased to be operative. The 
last case of exemption was that of John H. Walker, apiiointed May 
2S, ];)00. 

Three surgeons have Iieen on duty since 1914. Since IcSill) the city 
has provided a surgeon for duty on the police ambulance service. 

While Alaj. E. T. Raymond was city marshal, the title of his office 
was changed to chief of police. 1893. It is interesting to note that at 
that time several arrests were made for exceeding the speed limit for 
trolley cars, wliich had just come into use. Since then the speed has 
constantly increased. Init not sufficiently to satisfy the patrons. The 
assistant cit}' marshals became deputy chiefs. 

The first bicycle officer was George H. Hill, now chief of police, 
appointed in ISlti;, charged with enforcing the law against bicycle- 
speeding. Before the end of the season, other officers were added and the 
"scorcher." a pest of the palmy days of the bicycle, was suppressed 
in the city streets. From }ear to year the sipiad of bicycle officers 
has increased and in later years they have been mounted on motorcycles 
and have proved highly useful and efficient. 

A graded system of i>ay for the police force was adopted in 1897. 
During the tirst }ear the pay thereafter was $2.".^.") : in the second year 
$3. .50, and in the third and subseciuent years. $2.7.5 a day. Col. James 
M. Drennan was appointed chief of police, and had charge of various 
changes that he had recommended thirteen years before. ESut one deinity 
chief, Amos Atkinson, was retained. Capt. David A. Matthews was 
assigned to day duty at Station One, and Sergt. James T. Johnson took 
the night-ca[)tain's desk, being ])romoted to lieutenant. 

In recent years details of Worcester police have been sent to Rarre, 
Southbridge and other towns during strikes. , 

Under the city government the following have served as city mar- 
shals and chiefs of police : 



George Junes. 1848-49-50-51. 
Alvan .A.llen. 1853. 
Lovell Baker, 1854. 
Jonathan Day. 1855. 
Frederic Warren, 1856-57-58. 
J. Waldo Denny, in 1858. 
William S. Lincoln, 1859. 
Ivers Phillips, i860. 



Levi Barker. 1861. 

William E. Starr. 1862, 

Charles B. Pratt, 1863-64-65. 

Joseph B. Knox, 1866. 

A. B. R. Sprague. 1867 (six weeks). 

James M. Drennan. 1867 to 1871 : 

to 1882 inclusive; 1897-98-99. 
T"nat!ian B. Siblev. 1872. 



1880 



454 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

W. Ansel Washburn. 18-J-76-77-78-79-83- Edward T. Raymond, 1893-94-95-96. 

86-87-88-89-90-91-92. William J. E. Stone, 1900 to Oct. 26, 1906. 

A. Davis Pratt, 1874. David F. Matthews, 1906 to 1913. 

Amos Atkinson, 1884-85. George H. Hill, 1913 . 

Worcester Police Relief Association. — The police of the city, after a 
period of agitation, organized i\Iarch 2, 1887, the Worcester Police 
Relief Association, in the Central Court-room at a meeting attended by 
67 members of the force. Patrick O'Day presided. In the by-laws 
provision was made for a death-benefit of $300 and a sick benefit of $1 
a day. The first officers were: President, Friewaldau C. Thayer; 
Vice-President, Matthew J- Walsh; Secretary, "Patrick O'Day; Treas- 
urer, Amos Atkinson; Directors, Sumner W. Ranger, Michael J. Foley, 
David A. Matthews, Nicholas J. Mooney and Addison Murch. The first 
ball to raise money for the relief fund was held Dec. 2, 1887, in Me- 
chanics Hall, and the total receipts were about $3,000. The future of the 
organization was assured and it has been on a sound basis ever since. It 
was incorporated Jan. 23, 1889, the charter members being, F. C. Thayer, 
Patrick O'Day, David A. Matthews, S. W^ Ranger, Amos Atkinson, Ad- 
dison Murch, N. J. Mooney and M. J. Foley. In 1888 the death benefit 
was raised to $400. The first death was that of Officer M. J. Hubbard, 
whose widow received $400. Capt. Matthews succeeded Marshal Thayer 
as president in 1893, and was succeeded in 1896 by Sergt. Thomas Mc- 
Murray, (1896-7); Edward C. Fitzpatrick (1898-99); Lieut. James T. 
Johnson (1900). 

The yearly police ball has been one of the great social events of the 
year for all classes. The receipts have grown two-fold, averaging in 
late years $3,000. Generous citizens have contributed freely to swell the 
funds of the organization. From time to time the death benefit has been 
increased until it is now $1,000. The present officers are: Luke J. Dil- 
lon, president; Thomas McMurray, clerk; James T. Johnson, treasurer. 

For many years the police have raised an annual fund to provide 
dinners for the poor on Thanksgiving Day. Several hundred dollars 
are usually contributed, furnishing funds to provide turkey and "fix- 
ings" for many families. 

Police Department. — Headquarters, 13 Waldo street. All members 
of the department are appointed by the Mayor for life under the law 
regulating civil service, and they can only be removed for cause. 

Chief of Police.— George H. Hill. Chief Clerk.— Helen G. McDermott. As- 

Deputy Chief. — Thomas McMurray. sistant Clerk — Sarah I. Downes. 

Detective Department. — Captain — Patrick Precinct I, 13 Waldo street. Captain 

F. O'Day. Lieutenants — James J. — James T. Johnson. 

Burke, Romanzo Thayer, James J. Lieutenants. — Edward C. Fitzpatrick, 

Casey, Fred P. Good, William H. Gustaf Fyrberg. 

Brady, James T. Davidson, Herbert Sergeants. — William J. Ryan, Edward 

J. Fisher, George T. Delaney. F. Hackett, Wm. J. O'Brien, Pierce 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



455 



P. Power. David J, W'liehui, jcremiuli 
J. MoynilKiii. 

Surgeons. — Ricliard J. Shannalian. Louis 
R. Cassels, Joseph A. Smith. 

Matrons, — Mary A. Sullivan, Catherine A. 
Murphy. Electrician. — William H. 
McClure. 

Ambulance Attendant. — Thomas J. Mon- 
roe. 
Sub-Station, Precinct i. Lake Quin- 
sigamond. Detention Station for 
prisoners arrested in Lake District. 
Precinct 2. 39 Lamartine street. Cap- 
tain. — William A. Condy. 



Lieutenants. — Luke J. Dillon, Fred W. 

Williams. 
Sergeants. — Hugh F. Bulger, Thomas J. 

Kelleher, Joseph A. Sinnott, Rolla C. 

Walbridge. 
Precinct 3. 20 Grand street. Captain. 

— Walter N. Drohan. 
Lieutenants. — Herbert W. Merrill, Daniel 

J. McAulifFe. 
Sergeants. — Fred ^L Ames, Franklin S. 

Russell, George P. Newton. 
Precinct 4, 44 and 46 Grove street. 



Ahearn, Michael 
Anderson Axel H. 
Anderson, George W. 
Aubertine, Howard 
Ball, Hollis H. 
Barker, Jerome G. 
Barrett, Wm. P. 
Beatty, Thomas F. 
Belair, George 
Bianchi, John L. 
Blair. Frank K. 
Blake, Oliver 
Boyle, Thomas F. 
Brady, John 
Brennan, Daniel E. 
Brennan, John J. 
Brennan, Thomas F. 
Brennan, Wm. F. 
Broderick, John H. 
Brown, William J. 
Burns, Thomas P. 
Butcher, Edwin C. 
Callahan, Charles 
Carey, Thomas P. 
Carlson, Albert L. 
Clifford, Dennis E. 
Conlin, Bernard J. 
Conlin, John H. 
Conlin, John J. 
Connor, William T. 
Converse, Ray S. 
Conway, Francis W. 
Craffey. Matthew E. 
Crimmins, Dennis F. 
Crimmins, Jeremiah 
Crimmins, John A. 
Cronin, John H. 
Curran, Augustus A. 



PATROLMEN 

Doherty, Francis W. 
Dolan. James H. 
Dolan, Thomas J. 
Doran, John E. 
Douhan, Carl 
Driscoll, Dennis F. 
Duggan, Thomas J. 
Dunn, John 
Durcan, James 
Eagan, Martin J. 
Earley, Michael 
Enman, Frederick F. 
Fenlon. Michael J. 
Finneran. James L. 
Fitch, Edward B. 
Fitzgerald, Garrett 
Fitzgerald, John T. 
Fitzpatrick, Joseph A. 
Fitzpatrick, William T. 
Flanagan, Jaines J. 
Fleming, Martin J. 
Fogarty, Patrick J. 
Foley, Daniel F. 
Foley, Thomas F, 
Forkey, Charles 
Forkey, David S. 
Friel, Joseph P. 
Friel, Michael P. 
Friend, Charles W. P. 
Gaffney, Michael F. 
Gaffney, Patrick J. 
Gardner, David J. 
Gardner, Octave E. 
Gleason, John W. 
Goodwin, Ira F. 
Gorton, Lyman J. 
Goulet, Theodore H. 
Grady, Patrick J. 



Granger, Frank E. 
Hackett. James P. 
Hagstrom. Henry B. 
Hanlon, Arthur F, 
Hanlon, John W. 
Hanson. Chas. R. 
Hardy, David 
Hardy, Robert T. 
Harper, Alfred 
Hayes, Edward J. 
Hayes, Maurice F. 
Hays, Frederick R. 
Healey, James A. 
Healey, Thomas J. 
Henry, Chas. C. 
Herman, Benjamin 
Horgan, James R. 
Hurley, Thomas 
Hutchinson, Albert 
Joyal, Leon E. 
Kalagher, John J. 
Kearney, Robert F. 
Kelliher, Maurice A. 
Kerwick, John J. 
King, James F., Jr. 
King, Walter F. 
LaPorte, George J, 
Laviolette, Henry A. 
Leader, William R. 
Leslie, Samuel C. 
Lindquist, Nils 
Long, Thomas E. 
Loughlin, Thomas F. 
Lundstron, Chas. L. 
Mahoney, John D. 
Mahoney, John K. 
McCann. Hugh J. 
McCartliy, Joseph S. 



456 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



McDermott, John J. 
McDonough, James J. 
McDonough, John F. 
McDonough, Owen J. 
McGovern, Chas. P. 
McGovern, Francis 
McGuinness, Charles F. 
McKenna, James B. 
McXamara, Thomas J. 
McTague, Francis C. 
Meade, Frank J. 
Meade, Patrick J. 
Moberg, Frederick W. 
Moore, George E. 
Moriarty, John A. 
Moriarty, Stephen R. 
Mulcahy, J. Leo 
Murphy, Albert R. 
Murphy, John J. 
Northridge, John 
O'Connell, James P. 
O'Connor, James 
O'Connor, Timothy 
O'Day, Frank J. 
O'Day, John E. 
O'Day, John J. 
O'Donnell, Thomas F. 
O'Donoghue, Roger 
O'Flynn, Michael J. 



*^e^ 



O'Leary, Daniel J. 
Olson, Albin 
Pendergast, Patrick M. 
Perkins, Robert W. 
Phillips, Michael J. 
Pierce. Patrick F. 
Pineo, Otis H. 
Power, George F. 
Power, John J. 
Power, Michael A. 
Power, Robert E. 
Prescott, Thomas J. 
Proctor, Ernest 
Quist, Gustaf P. 
Rafferty, Charles A. 
Ramsdell, William R. 
Reardon, John W. 
Richford, Edmund 
Rolierts, Dorius J. 
Robinson, Merton E. 
Roche, James W. 
Russell, Joseph E. 
Ryan, Michael J. 
Rynn, Charles P. 
Savagaux, George 
Scannell, Edward J. 
Sexton, John T. 
Sharrv, John A. 



Sheahan, James F. 
Sheehan, Michael F. 
Sleeper, Charles F. 
Small, Thomas H. 
Spencer, Thomas J. 
Stonequist, David O. 
Sullivan, Bartholomew C. 
Sullivan, Michael C. 
Sullivan, Michael J. 
Sundeen, Carl I. 
Swan, Edward J. 
Swan, James F. 
Sweeney, Bartholomew 
Tierney, John F. 
Tinsley, James J. 
Tisdell, Joseph A. 
Toomey, Charles J. 
Treible, Elmer H. 
Trump, John J. 
Tupper. Fred. 
Ulricson. Carl J. 
Wall, Albert T. 
Walsh, Stephen 
Welch. Thomas W. 
Wheeler, Charles H. 
White, Peter J. 
Wilson, Edward E. 
Wright. John M. 




WORCESTER THIEF DETECTING SOCIEIW 

Worcester Association of Mutual Aid in Detecting Thieves. — The 
constables of early days were not paid salaries, nor were they trained 
detectives. Horse stealing became a great annoyance to the farmers 
and many towns formed societies to suppress it. In this town the society 
was organized to detect and punish all forms of thievery, and for many 
years gave efficient aid to the constables. The leading citizens of the 
town were members. It was organized Nov. 16, 1T95. After a regular 
police force was formed the activity of the society ceased, but for social 



AND ITS PEOPLE 457 

purposes and on account of the early history, the members have main- 
tained the organization to the present. 

The first treasurer and clerk was David Andrews, and the members 
admitted in K9.j w-ere David Andrews, Samuel Andrews, John Bar- 
nard, Samuel Brazeier, Samuel Brooks, John Chamberlain, Thaddeus 
Chapin, Oliver Fisher, Samuel Flagg, Daniel Goulding, John Green, Jr., 
Asa Hamilton, Abel Heywood, Benjamin Heywood, Daniel Heywood, 
Daniel Heywood 2d, Joel Howe, Phineas Jones, Ephraim Mower, Na- 
thaniel Paine, John Pierce, Ebenezer Reed, Robert Smith, Charles 
Stearns, Isaiah Thomas, Walter Tufts, Asa Ward, Joshua Whitney, Dan- 
iel Willington. and Leonard Worcester. Persons who became members 
during the first fifteen years of its existence include the following: 1801, 
William Caldwell, Ebenezer Mower, Ebenezer Wiswell ; 1802, David 
Curtis, William Eaton; 1803, William Caldwell 2d; 1804, Joseph Dan- 
iels, William ]\IcFarland, Jonas Rice, Peter Slater, Nathaniel Stowell, 
Peter Stowell, Benjamin T. Foster: 1805, Samuel Chandler, Elnathan 
Pratt; 1806, Elisha Flagg, John Foxcroft, Joseph Holbrook, Jacob 
Miller, Rufus Paine, Geer Terry ; 180T, Thomas Chamberlain, Reuben 
Munroe ; 1808, Theodore Wheeler; 1809, John Curtis, Enoch Flagg and 
Joseph Lovell. Other names that appear in the list of membership up 
to 1862 include John Green. William G. Green, Levi Lincoln, John Earle, 
Levi Lincoln, Jr., Artemas Ward, Nathaniel Gates, Samuel Ward, John 
M. Earle, Lewis Barnard, Ichabod Washburn, James Estabrook, Os- 
good Bradley, Joseph Pratt, .\rtemas Ward 2d, Horatio N. Tower, 
William R. Wesson, John Barnard. Asa Matthews, Ivers Phillips, W. C. 
Clark, Albert Curtis, John Hammond. Edward Earle, Leonard Fales, 
Elizabeth Green, F. H. Kinnicutt, Joseph Boyden, J. S. C. Knowlton, 
Genery Twitchell, Levi Jackson, E, Harrington, D. Waldo Lincoln. 
These familiar names appear in the list of membership since 1S4S: 
Elliott Swan, Fred Warren. T. P. Curtis, Jason Temple, J. C. Ripley, 
Dennis G. Temple, Priestly Young, C. B. Pratt, James H. Wall, Hiram 
Fobes, O. B. Hadwen, Charles Hamilton, Ashley Moore, J. B. Pratt, 
R. C. Taylor. The original members of the Pursuing Committee con- 
sisted of Thaddeus Chapin, 1806 and 180T : Daniel Heywood, 1806 and 
1807 : Phineas Jones, 1806 : Joshua Whitney, 1801 ; Daniel Willington, 
1803; Ebenezer Mower, 1803; Ebenezer Wiswell, 1804, 180.5 and 1811. 

In 1843 the association was organized with County Treasurer, An- 
thony Rice as Treasurer and Clerk; Directors, Ephraim Mower, George 
T. Rice, John W. Lincoln, C)tis Corbett. Leonard W. Stowell, Alpheus 
Merrifield, Lewis Bigelow, Benjamin Butman, John Jones. Daniel God- 
dard, Cyrus Stockwell, Asa Walker; Pursuing Committee, John F. 
Clark, William R. Wesson, Ivers Phillips, Asa Matthews, James Esta- 
brook, Josiah Britton. Jr., Jonas Bartlett, Horatio N. Tower, Artemas 
Ward, Jr., Benjamin P. Rice, Joseph Pratt and Loring F. Perry. 

The present ofTicers are: Directors: Edwin Brown, A. George 



458 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Bullock, John H. Coes, Francis H. Dewey, Samuel S. Green, William 
W. Johnson, Lincoln N. Kinnicutt, Waldo Lincoln, J. Russel Marble, 
William E. Rice, Arthur P. Rugg. William B. Scofield, Charles G. Wash- 
burn, George B. Witter, Samuel B. Woodward. Pursuing Committee: 
Frederick H. Baker, George M. Bassett, Howard W'. Beal, George F. 
Blake, Chandler Bullock, John C. Dewey, William T. Forbes, Thomas 
H. Gage, James Green, William G. Ludlow, Henry K. Swinscoe. Horace 
B. Verry, Charles D. Wheeler, Lemuel F. Woodward, Oliver B. Wood. 
Clerk and treasurer, Eben Francis Thompson. 

Local Courts. — Formerly minor cases were tried before justices of 
the peace and trial justices. In 1848 the Police Court of Worcester was 
established and William N. Green, formerly trial justice, was appointed 
justice of the court and held the office till 1868, when the court was abol- 
ished. It was succeeded by the Municipal Court of W'orcester, with 
Hartley Williams as justice, and he held that office till 18T2, when he 
was appointed justice of the new Central District Court of A\'orcester, 
holding that position till his death in 1883. 

The jurisdiction has been extended to include civil matters not 
exceeding $1,000, and all Init a few of the highest crimes. The present 
district has a population of about "220, 000, and includes the city of Wor- 
cester and the towns of Millbury, Sutton, Auburn. Leicester, Paxton, 
West Boylston, Holden, Shrewsbury. Rutland, Barre, Oakham and 
Princeton. 

The courts were held in the City Hall till 188.j, and since then have 
been held on Waldo street, where a court house is in process of con- 
struction in connection with the Police Station (1918). 

Samuel Utley, a special justice since 1871, has been justice since 
1882. The special justices have been George M. Woodward, David 
Manning, HoHis W. Cobb, Edward T. Esty, George R. Stobbs and now 
are Winfred H. Whiting, J. Otis Sibley and Jacob Asher. Calvin E. 
Pratt was clerk from 1848 to 1853. In succession came Samuel V. Stone, 
John B. Dexter, Jr., 1855-58; Clark Jillson, 1858-71; Theodore S. John- 
son, 1871-82; Maj. Edward T. Raymond, 1882-1913; except for five 
years when John A. Thayer was clerk. Since 1913 Henry Y. Simpson 
has been clerk. The other officials are : Arthur W. Macomber, assistant 
clerk; Edward M. Dodge, messenger; Artliff F. Dunkerton and Alfred 
M. Van Dusen, probation officers and David W. Armstrong, probation 
officer for juveniles. 



CHAPTER XIX 
Relief of the Poor 

The office of the Overseers of the Poor dates back farther than the 
town of Worcester. At the annual meeting, overseers were sometimes 
elected ; often their duties were assigned by vote to the selectmen, or, 
in other words, the selectmen previously chosen were also Overseers 
of the Poor. Minor offices were often disposed of in this way. 

Previous to 1817 the poor of the town were supported by contract 
to the lowest bidder at public auction. These ancient auctions give us a 
clew to the minimum cost of board in those days. Owing to the general 
equality of people in the early days, there were few paupers, and most 
of the aged and helpless were in the care of relatives. The first tax for 
the support of the poor made in 17-57 was but five pounds and four 
shillings. 

A small wooden workhouse was built on Front street in 1772. The 
threat of the poor-house is still remembered by old citizens. New Eng- 
landers feared the poor-house above all things, as a disgrace and calam- 
ity to be avoided by the utmost industry and thrift during their years of 
health and strength. The duties of the Overseers of the Poor were very 
light; the cost of the Poor Departments was small until after 1800. 
Public charity was as disgraceful as a misdemeanor. Though public 
sentiment has changed little, conditions of political economy and numer- 
ous foreigners, who have no relatives to come to their aid in hard times 
or in sickness, have increased the need for public charity here as else- 
where. 

The Home Farm. — The Almshouse or Poor-farm, as a title, has been 
generally discarded for other less suggestive names. It was voted in 
town meeting here in 1807 to build a brick almshouse, but after the 
land had been acquired and materials purchased, the project was aban- 
doned. The Jennison Tavern, since known as the O. A. Kelley place, 
was purchased of the widow of Samuel Jennison in 1818 and used as a 
poor-farm. Subsequently Mrs. Jennison bequeathed the old Jennison 
homestead to the city, and it has been conducted by the municipality 
since then, and is now known as the Home Farm. Additional land to the 
amount of 58 lots was purchased. 

The new Almshouse was built in 1853-5.5, costing $25,000. Not- 
withstanding the ample provisions made by the town for the poor, 
Isaiah Thomas proposed in his will, November 13, 1820, to give two lots 
of land on Thomas street to the town on condition that the town build 
a Charity House of brownstone and brick, and appropriate $20 a year for 
Thanksgiving dinners for the inmates. He revoked the provision, and 



46o HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



instead left to the town all the lots on Thomas street, or. if the town 
preferred, the lot on the corner of Thomas and Summer streets, "to 
erect thereon a large and handsome brick school-house or academy." 
The latter option was accepted, and "The Latin School for Boys," the 
first brick school building, was opened in 18;!"i. 

The Home Farm, beautifully located on Lincoln street, is a mcxlel 
institution, both from the view point of a farmer and as an almshouse. 
The average number of inmates per month is about 160. For many 
years a vast number of hogs have been raised as a means of disposing of 
the garbage collected in the city. The sale of these hogs and the pro- 
duce of the farm have to a large extent contributed toward the sup- 
port of the inmates and maintained the farm. Twenty double horse 
teams are in service daily, making two collections weekly in each sec- 
tion of the city. Garbage collected amounts to about 2') tons daily. 

The farm now consists of 376 acres. Besides the Almshouse build- 
ings, there are barns, a brick heating plant, poultry houses. i>iggery 
buildings and other structures. The inventory for 1!UT shows the valu- 
tion of the farm property to be $309,.j 10.80. There are Dl head of cattle 
at the farm. Milk is not only produced for the Almshouse, but is also 
furnished to the City Hospital, and the Belmont Hospital, the former 
institution consuming over 500 quarts daily and the latter 1T5 quarts. 
Modern equipments such as a clarifier, pasteurizer, separator and milking 
machine, are being used. .\ thriving poultry industry is conducted 
under scientific management. The jjoultry nuinliering about o.OOO are 
housed in three large modern houses 60x60, and 16 brooder houses. The 
several city hospitals are supplied with fresh poultry and eggs daily. 

Thomas Home has been superintendent since May, 191-2, and Mrs. 
Georgia D. Home is the matron. 

Out-door relief for the needy is furnished from the office of the 
Overseers of the Poor in the City Hall. Recent legislation has added to 
this department the matter of administering aid to mothers with depen- 
dent children under fourteen years of age. This relief is given to women 
who are considered to be fit mothers to bring up their children in their 
own homes. 

In the year 1890 the expense for the clerical work was nearly as 
large as the amount disbursed ($4, 835. 08) for the benefit of the poor of 
the city. The new law is in a large degree responsible for the increase 
since. In IIIK the amount expended was $8/', 827. 83 of which $3!). 756. 85 
was for aid to mothers and nearl_\- $i),()00.00 was for administration. 

The board consists of three memljers c.v-officio (they being the pres- 
ident of the Common Council and chairman of the Council Committees 
on Charities) and six regular members elected for a term of three years. 
The present board consists of George F. Brooks, chairman : Wilhelm 
Forsberg, Phili]) H. Duprey. Charles S. Holden, Albert I. Johnson. Frank 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



461 



E. Murray, Carl J. Rolander, Frank Al. AIcGauley and Isaiah J. Styles. 
The clerk of the hoard is Gerhard Becker, who is also city almoner. 

Overseers of the Poor, 1844-191,7. — The names of various mayors 
who were members of the board ex-offiri'/ are not included in the list. 
From 1848 to J8li5 the mayor was a member. From 18(j6 to 1890 the 
mayor, city marshal and superintendent of schools were members, 
ex-offkiis. .^ince that time, the president of the common council, chair- 
man of the Committee on charities of the l)oard of aldermen and chairman 
of the committee on charities of the cunnnon ccmncil have been members, 
ex-fjfficiis, l)Ut they are not included in the list. The years given are 
inclusive : 



William H. .\iulrc\vs, 1862-3. 
Frank A. .\therton, 1895-1914. 
Samuel Bannister, 1856-60. 
E. L. Barnard, 1845. 
John Barnard, 1844. 
Charles Belcher. 1878-83. 
Herbert B. Belcher, 1865-67. 
Walter Bigelow, Jr., 1846-48. 
Charles Bowen, 1851-53. 
John S. Brigham, 1894-97. 
George F. Brooks, 1912-17. 
John J. Brosniham, 1863-65. 
Alzirus Brown, 1882-94. 
Lyman Brown, 1861-63. 
Willard Brown, 1849-57. 
George B. Burbank. 1861-62. 
Elisha Chaffin, 1855-58. 
George A. Chamberlain, 1867. 
George S. Clough, 1890-92. 
Ebenezer Collier, 1850-58. 
Edwin P. Curtis, 1890-04. 
Walter S. Doane, 1914-6. 
Rufus B. Dodge, Jr., 1896-97. 
Edwin Draper, 1856-59. 
James Draper, 1873-81. 

Philip H. Duprey, 1917 . 

Edward Earle, 1846-47. 
Henry Earle, 1854-55. 
Oliver K. Earle, 1863. 
Thomas Earle, 1858. 
A. Jones Eaton, 1855. 
Charles H. Ellsworth, 1897-08. 
J. Lewis Ellsworth, 1884-86. 
Wilhelm Forsberg, 1910-17. 
George W. Gale, 1864-83. 
Samuel F. Gates, i860. 
George Geer, 1861-77. 
O. P. Gilbert, 1859. 
John F. Gleason, i860. 
H. A. Harrington, 1888-96. 



O. B. Hadweii, 1870-72. 

Edward Everett Hale, 1850-51. 

John Hammond, 1844-45; i849-S9- 

Calvin L. Hartshorn, 1873-82. 

Charles H. Hastings, 1908-13; 1915-17. 

O. L. Hatch, 1872-74. 

Nathan Heard, 1844. 

Walter Henry, 1866-81. 

Charles S. Holden, 1913-17. 

L. R. Hudson, 1864. 

James Hunt. 1900- 11. 

John C. Jaques, 1853-54. 

Lt-vi Jackson, 1860-62. 

.Mliert 1. Johnson, 1917 . 

J. W. Jordan, 1877. 
Oran A. Kellcy, 1887-89. 
Edward Kendall, 1871-76. 
Walter Kendall, 1872. 
Tyler C. Kirby, 1861. 
\'ernon A. Ladd, 1861-64. 
Ansel Lakin, 1854. 
Dennis C. Lei;)nard, 1883-1901. 
William Lucas, 1852. 
Fred H. Lucke, 1909-10. 
William G. Maynard, i860. 
James McFarland, 1859-62. 
James B. McMahon, 1882-87. 
."Mpheus Merrifield, 1845-52. 
Frederick Midgley, 1911-12. 
William G. Moore, 1852. 

Frank E. Murray, 1902 . 

Nathaniel Muzzey, 1853. 
John C. Newton, 1866-71. 
R. P. Noyes, 1849-50. 
J. J. O'Gorman, 1875-6. 
Patrick O'Rourke, 1853-60. 
B. B. Otis, 1851-52. 

D. F. Parker, 1865-70.* 
N. R. Parkhurst, 1849-52. 

E. G. Partridge, 1857. 



462 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Samuel Perry, 1849-52. 
Newell Philbrick, 1852. 
Thomas Pierce, 1857 ; 1860-65. 
Leonard Poole. 1855. 
Charles B, Pratt, 1884-93. 
Henry Prentiss, 1848-49; 1864. 
Calvin L. Prouty, 1853. 
Deering J. Rawson, 1855. 
Oscar F. Rawson, 1884-89. 
Charles G. Reed, 1870-71. 
George M. Rice, 1855. 
Charles F. Rugg, 1877-82. 
George W. Rugg, 1850; 1866-69. 
James B. Scrimgeour, 1908-09. 



Edward Southwick, 1852-56. 

L. W. Sturtevant, 1865. 

R. James Tatman, 1893-95. 

Dennis G. Temple, 1856-59; 1862. 

Julius E. Tucker, 1859-60. 

Joseph Walker, Jr., 1849. 

Benjamin Walker, 1853; 1857; 1865. 

Artemas Ward, 1856. 

Fred Warren, 1854-58. 

Alonzo A. White, 1898-99. 

Luther White, 1854. 

Fitzroy Willard, 1864. 

William F. Wood, 1851. 

Edward M. Woodward, 1898-07. 



CHAPTER XX 
Sewer Department 

Wurcustt-r is >ituaU-d uii nunicTous hills, and as a result the natural 
drainage is excellent. Cunrsing in the valley's were numerous small 
brooks; on the east side was Pine Meadow Brook, to the North Hermit- 
age and CresceiTt, while on the west and south were Lincoln, Piedmont 
and Austin, with Mill Brook flowing through the center. In the middle 
sixties the population of the city was al>out MO, 000. Up to this time tlie 
sewage had been cared for largely by the use of cesspools and drains 
having outlets into the numerous brooks. 

As the water in the Ijrooks became polluted, there was an increas- 
ing demand for an adequate system of sewerage. In 1SG7 an Act was 
passed by the State Legislature granting, without conditions, the right 
to use the various brooks to lay drains and sewers in the streets, to take 
by purchase or right of eminent domain real estate or water rights as 
might be deemed necessary in order to carry out the general provisions 
of the Act. The mayor, appreciating the need of prompt action, 
appointed a joint special committee to consider and report upon the mat- 
ter. The committee was made up as follows: Hon. James B. Blake, 
president of the Board of Aldirnien; Aldermen Francis H. Dewey and 
George H. Brown; Councilmen William E. Starr, Stephen Salisbury Jr., 
H. S. Whitemore and Salisbury H\-de. They recommended that construc- 
tion work be started at <.ince, and outlined a system on the combined plan 
which is still in use in the central part of the city. 

In the earl}' eighties the people in the towns below the city, on the 
Blackstone river, liegan to complain cif the jiollution of the stream and 
also of the odors arising therefrom. As conditions did not improve, 
complaints became louder and in June, 1886, the Legislature passed the 
following statute : ("Statutes of 188(i, Chapter 331, Section 1 ). The city 
or Worcester shall, within four years, after the passage of this Act, 
remove from its sewage before it is discharged into the Blackstone 
River, the oti'ensive and polluting substances therein, so that after its 
discharge into said river, either directly or through its tributaries, it 
shall not create a nuisance or endanger the public health." 

Up to this time \-ery little had lieen done in this country in the 
line of sewage disposal. The Cit}- Council, by an order dated September 
23, 1886, authorized the city engineer, Mr. Charles H. Allen, to take up 
the work. He visited England and made a careful sfiuly of the methods 
there emploved. He later made a complete report, and, following the 
English practice, recommended chemical precipitation as the best known 
available method. Land for the disposal jjlant was secured below Quin- 



464 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

sigamond Village. On July 9, 1889, an order was passed by the City 
Council authorizing the construction of the plant, which was completed 
and put in operation on June 25, 1890, just four years from the date of 
the decree of the General Court. The original plant of six tanks proving 
inadequate, ten additional tanks were authorized May 13, 1892, and put 
into operation in July, 1893. The improvement in the condition of the 
Blackstone river was very noticeable, yet not enough to satisfy all 
parties. 

In 1895 the Town of Millbury brought suit against the city before 
the Supreme Court to secure a decree compelling the city to comply more 
fully with the Statute of 1886 previously cited. The result was that the 
court ordered the city to carry out the provisions of said Act. 

In June, 1896, City Engineer Frederick A. McClure presented a 
report to the City Council recommending the separate system for cer- 
tain districts, and that intercepting sewers be built on each side of Mill 
Brook. This work thus outlined was commenced in 189? and com- 
pleted in 1903, at an expense of about $993,502. As a further improve- 
ment in the disposal plant, the construction of intermittent sand filters 
was commenced in 1898 and continued until 1911. Seventy-four acres 
were built at a cost of $308,813. Although the sand filters give excellent 
results, it is considered inexpedient to extend the filter plant on account 
of the lack of filtering material and the high cost of operation. 

It has been the aim of the Sewer Department to keep in touch with 
improvements made in methods of sewage disposal. With that end in 
view, careful experimental work has been done with ImhofT tanks and 
sprinkler filter process. A plant treating 50,000 gallons per day was oper- 
ated eighteen months. It gave very satisfactory results and demon- 
strated the fact that it would do our work in a satisfactory manner at 
about one-half of the present yearly operating cost. At the time of writ- 
ing, the activated sludge process, one of the newest developments, is 
being tried out on a scale sufficiently large to give accurate and relia- 
ble information. The time has come when the city must enlarge its 
disposal plant along new lines, and the decision as to the method must 
be made in the near future. ^ 

At the end of 1917 Worcester had 243 miles of sewers, representing 
with the disposal plant an expenditure of $7,210,000. 



CHAPTER XXI 
Streets and Street Lighting 

Alain street was in use as a highway from Harrington Ciirni-r to 
Lincohi Square in IG'.'i. Lincohi says, "it is broad, and planted with fine 
shade trees," when writing in 1836, and he shows by a quotation from the 
town ordinances, April T, 1T83, that trees had been set out "near the 
meeting house and elsewhere about the center of the town, and the town 
being very desirous of encouraging 'such a measure, which will he bene- 
cial as well as ornamental," imposed a fine for injuring or destroying 
such trees. But the trees fell one by one as the tall buildings were 
erected and grades of sidewalks changed. They have all disappeared 
now except a few at Lincoln Square and Court Hill. 

Main street has always been the princiiial location ui the trade of 
the town. At first the merchants at Lincoln Square held the bulk of 
the business. Init the converging roads at the Common, the location of 
the Old South Church and town hall afterward on the Common, and 
various other reasons. e\entuall}- made the junction of Main and Pleas- 
ant streets, known for many years as Harrington Corner, the heart of 
the retail trading section. From that point the stores have extended 
year by year to Washington Square on Front street and l.)cyond, up 
Pleasant street, southward along Main street, and outward on all the 
streets leaving Main street. Long ago Main street from the Com- 
mon to Lincoln Square Ijecame entirel\- devoted to retail business. An 
account of some of the largest and oldest retail stores has lieen given 
elsewhere : also of some of the principal buildings of the past and pres- 
ent, located on Main street. 

Soon after 1713, the road from the meeting house to Pine Meadow, 
now called Front street, was in use. Front street, legally laid out March 
15, 1785, has since the building of the Union Railroad Station in the 
seventies become second in importance to Alain street as a place for 
retail stores. 

Part of Summer street came into use during the first years of the 
third settlement, from Lincoln Square to the ancient burial ground. 
Summer street in later years was the site of some of the finest dwellings 
in the town. In the nineteenth century the buildings grew old, many 
fell into decay: business of unpretentious character invaded the street; 
the building of railroads and switchyards; the growth of the factory 
section with its steam whistles and smoking chimneys caused one after 
another of the old residents to build their homes elsewhere, and to 
abandon their mansions to foreigners to whom the main consideration 
during their first years in this country was the amount of the rent rather 
W.— 1-30. 



466 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

the pleasing surroundings about their homes. Aristocratic Summer 
street became the site of tlie jail, the lunatic asylum, factories, wholesale 
stores, saloons, and cheap lodging houses. 

Very soon after the permanent settlement, the streets now known 
as Pleasant, Salisbury, Green and Grafton were opened. 

The road to Lancaster was the first established way into the town, 
but its location following Lincoln street in general direction shifted 
from time to time. Not many years after the final settlement, ]\Iain 
street was extended through to Leicester road. 

At the time the town was settled, there was also another way into 
Worcester over what was called the Boston road, passing the upper end 
of Lake Quinsigamond through Plantation street to the Grafton road, 
thence leading to Heywood street by the dwellings of Nathaniel Moore, 
Jonas and James Rice, the first three settlers of the third and successful 
attempt to build a village here, to what is now the Crompton Place, on 
Sagatabscot Hill; thence westward across what is. now Vernon street 
to Ward street, and along Ward and Cambridge streets to New Wor- 
cester. This Plantation street highway through Worcester from Bos- 
ton to the Connecticut river settlements was used for many years, but 
gave way in time to the route through Main street. 

The routes to the adjoining settlements were opened as soon as 
possible after the village was established here. Rutland was reached 
through Salisbury street. The Grafton road is now Harrington street. 
The road to Sutton passed through Green street, Vernon and Green- 
wood streets through Millbury. Pleasant street ran somewhere near 
its present location to Tatnuck, and thence to Leicester and what is 
now Paxton. The Holden road bears its old name. West Boylston 
street is another old highway to the northward. The old highway 
from Shrewsbury to Holden through North Worcester, afterward called 
the Holden and Shrewsbury turnpike, now Mountain street, was also 
one of the original roads. Mechanic street was laid out in 1787. Isaiah 
Thomas gave to the town Thomas street in 1806. It was planted with 
poplars which were soon afterward destroyed by some malicious per- 
son. The principal duties of the selectmen were laying out new roads for 
the accommodation of settlers. For a time after the town became set- 
tled in all parts and roads had been extended to meet the needs of an 
agricultural community, there was a period when few new streets were 
opened, but when the village was transformed into a manufacturing 
city, requiring the erection of many new dwellings, the multiplication of 
streets began again and has continued to the present time. It would 
require a large volume to describe the streets of even the old town 
of Worcester. 

The Jo Bill Road. — The beautiful avenue known since 1890 as In- 
stitute road, in honor of the W. P. I., was originally and for more than 
140 years, Jo Bill road. It was laid out by John Chandler, Daniel Hey- 



AND ITS PROP LI: 467 

wood, Benjamin Flagg, Tlionias Stearns and John Chandler Jr., select- 
men, March V>. 1748-4!), to accommodate tlie honses of heirs of Joshua 
Rice and the ministerial lot as well as that of "Sir. Bill, whose house was 
at one end of the road, the other being at the mill near Lincoln Square. 
Bill's house was located near New Worcester. The Jo Bill farm came 
into possession of Col. Timothx' Bigelow, Jan. !), I'lT'J, conveyed by Jolin 
Baird who bought from Bill, in 1;T0.. South of the Bill jdace was John 
Stinson's. .Subsequenth' Gov. Levi Lincoln owned both farms, making 
one farm of Vio acres. The farm is now divided into numerous house 
lots and thickly settled. The old road was relocated as a [lublic street in 
18S() from Salisbury street to Boynton street. (See W. S. Ant. I'roc, p. 

20. Vol. xvni). 

The Worcester Turnpike. — In February, 1805, a j)etition was ])re- 
sented to the General Court by .Aaron Davis and 145 others, stating that 
the "great road or highway leading from Boston to Worcester is 
extremely crooked, hilly, and in many places narrow and inconvenient — 
that the present and most direct way from Boston is through Cam- 
bridge, Watertown. Weston, Sudbury. ^Lirlborough, Xorthl)orough and 
Shrewsbury into Worcester: whereas, after a careful view and survey 
of the true situation and course to Worcester the most direct and nearest 
way will be found to be I>y opening a road from the southerly jjart of 
Boston through Roxbury, Brookline, Xewton, Needham (now Welles- 
ley). Natick, Framingham, Southborough, Westborough, and the south- 
erly corner of Shrewsbury into Worcester — that by a road in this direc- 
tion your petitioners verily believe a saving between eight and ten miles 
in the distance between Boston and Worcester might be made: that this 
route would be pursued mostly over very level ground and would avoid 
the very many and difficult hills which are a great impediment to the 
travel on the old road." The petition also stated that a like sa\ing 
might be made on the roads to Hartford and towards Pittstield and .Al- 
bany, and asked for an act of incorporation for a turnpike road "in su'di a 
direction as near a straight line to Western bridge as your honors in 
your wisdom shall deem tit. and to grant them such reasonable toll 
thereon as shall be thought adequate and proper for such an under- 
taking." A similar petition was presented at the same time by .Asa 
Nichols and 43 others, and a committee was appointed March !», con- 
sisting of Hugh McClellan. William Ely and Moses Brown, to view the 
proposed routes. Isaiah Thomas accompanied the surveyors employed 
at his expense to survey the route from here to Shrewsbury, April 15. 
1805 (p. 3. Thomas Diary). 

B}- an act of the General Court, March 7, 180G, Aaron Davis, Luther 
Richardson, Samuel Welles, Charles Davis and William H. Sumner and 
associates, were empowered to make, lay out and keep in repair a turn- 
pike road from Roxbury to Worcester through Brookline, Xewton, Need- 
ham, Natick, Framinghaij), Southborough, Westborough and Shrews- 



468 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



bury. Bezaleel Taft of Uxbridge, Nicholas Tillinghast of Taunton, and 
Silas Holman of Bolton, were appointed a committee to view and lay 
out the road, make alterations, adjust damages, and authorize the erec- 
tion of toll gates. Luther Richardson was the first clerk of the corpo- 
ration, and William H. Sumner, first treasurer. In January, 1807, the 
directors called for bids for construction. The legislative committee 
met first at Coolidge's tavern in this town, in April, 1807. Announce- 
ment was made Oct. 9, 1807, that the road was completed and toll-houses 
erected. In 1826 that part of the turnpike in Roxbury was discontinued. 
In 1841 the company surrendered its charter, and since then the towns 
have maintained the road. The Boston & Worcester electric railway 
follows the old turnpike most of the way. In 1841 the section in Wor- 
cester was accepted as public highway. Isaiah Thomas was one of the 
original directors of the turnpike company. 




:\b\\ luAlKLIK BRlDoL uVEK L.-\KE QUINSIGAMONU. 

The building of the bridge across the lake was costly and difticult, 
and the first structure sank. A pontoon bridge was then built and main- 
tained until the causeway was built in 1857-8. The wages of laborers 
on the structure was GO cents a day : the total cost $25,997, part of which 
($5,000) was paid b}- the county. Dr. John Green was the first person 
to cross the bridge in a carriage. 

In 1849 the paving of Main and Front streets was begun. Chestnut 
street extended to Pleasant: the stone l^ridge on Millbury road was 
built. In 1853-55 the Southbridge street viaduct was built: in 1863 
the double-arch stone bridge over the Blackstone at Quinsigamond vil- 
lage. Green and Lincoln streets were paved in 1867, and Park avenue 
laid out from May street to the junction of Lovell and Beaver streets. 
In this year the betterment act providing that half the cost of improve- 
ments in streets be assessed on abutters went in force. Block paving 
was laid on Main, Southbridge and Mechanic streets in 1868, costing 
$37,738. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 469 

During Mayor Blake's administration (1866-:0) Nobility Hill was 
leveled from Southbridge street nearly to Pleasant, and Chatham street 
extended to Main. The extension of Foster street in 1ST8-7'J to W ash- 
ington Square, on account of the change in location of the railroad sta- 
tion, caused a total expense of $1,518,608. In anticipation of the con- 
struction of electric street car lines, much street paving was done in 
1893, at the expense of the companies. 

The steel bridges in Webster. Southbridge and Mill streets, were 
built in 1893-OU, in Mayor Sprague's administration, and Commercial 
street was built from Front to School streets to relieve Main street of 
heavy traffic : West Boylston street was relocated, and much work done 
on new streets. 

The main highway entering the city is Shrewsbury street. The 
use of this road by automobiles from all parts of the country on their 
way through Worcester, as well as the extremeh" heavy local trafiic. 
caused action for its improvement to be taken. The work of widening 
this avenue began in I'.XXI and was completed in 1912. It was made a 
double street with a parkway in the center where the street railway 
tracks were located. The witlth is now one hundred feet, and it is a 
splendid boulevard. Unfortunately the buildings are for the most part 
cheap and unattractive. Belmont street is being widened to the same 
width from the junction with Shrewsbury street to Lake avenue. When 
the work is completed, the boulevard will extend from Washington 
Square to the new bridge at Lake Quinsigamond. The cost of widening 
Shrew'sbury street was $464,"; 79.18. 

From the beginning of the town, highway surveyors were chosen at 
the annual town meetings, and they had the care of roads and bridges. 
Few sought the office, but many were elected. It was the policy of 
the planters in early days to make every competent man do his ]iart 
in public service. Those who declined to accept town office jiaid a 
fine. For many years taxpayers were given the option of paying their 
highway taxes in money or labor, and many preferred to "work out" 
the highway tax. The town had 82 miles of roads in 1822. 

The Worcester and Fitzwilliam turnpike, incorporated June 15, 
1805, was never completed ; the W^orcester and Sutton turnpike, incor- 
porated March 3, 1810, and the Worcester and Leicester, Feb. 29, 1812, 
were not even commenced. In 1848, when the city was incorporated, 
there were more than one hundred miles of streets, and during the first 
year the new road to Grafton was completed and the first paving of 
Main street laid. 

At the present time the city has more than 222.79 miles of public 
streets and many miles of private streets; more than 27.79 miles of 
block-paved streets; more than 89.95 miles of macadam streets; 105.05 
miles of gravel and dirt construction. There are also about 150 miles 
of sidewalks ; ten miles or more of concrete sidewalks ; 45 miles of 



470 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

granolithic (cement) sidewalks ; about a hundred miles oi l)rick side- 
walks. The total annual cost of the street department in recent years 
has been over $600,000. 

Since 1891 the streets, roads and bridges have been in charge of a 
street commissioner elected annually by the city council, and an assistant 
commissioner. The present commissioner is Albert T. Rhodes (See 
biog.) ; the assistant, James C. Blake. (Commissioner 1!»1 8. See biog.). 

On the map of the village published by Harris in July, 182!). the 
names of only fifteen streets appear: Salisbury, Main. School, Thomas, 
Central, Front, Green, Water, Summer, Mechanic, Grafton. South (now 
Franklin), Church (Salem Square), Pleasant, and Lincoln and Wash- 
ington Squares ; part of Pearl and Lincoln streets and Market street 
were engraved on the map, but the names not affixed. Mechanic street 
was opened in 1787 to the burial ground. Between 1830 and 1840 Fos- 
ter, Elm and Exchange (formerly Market) streets were opened. The 
names of sixty streets appear on the map of 1841. 

In January, 1819, Henry J. Howland, publisher of the City Dircc- 
torv, requested the city council to give names to all streets and iniblic 
ways not previously named and accordingly a committee was appointed, 
consisting of one citizen from each of the old twelve highway districts, 
with Mr. Howland as chairman. This committee gave names to 70 
streets in 1850. In 1871 a joint special committee of the council sup- 
plied thirty more street names and renumbered the houses of the city. 

While this history is being written, the magnificent new bridge over 
Lake Quinsigamond is approaching completion. For fifty years there 
had been spasmodic but very earnest' attempts to have a suitable bridge 
constructed at the lake. The old causeway built in 1857-58 was too 
narrow from the beginning and after the street car tracks were laid, espe- 
cially after the building of the Boston & Worcester and IMarlborough 
lines, the bridge was inadequate if not dangerous. As the front door of 
the city, where travelers in automobiles received their first impressions 
and over which the volume of travel had become excessive for many 
years, the bridge had long outlived its usefulness. But the private sub- 
scriptions taken were too small for the purposes ; the city of Worcester 
repeatedly hesitated to incur the great expense alone. The project was 
long delayed. 

Credit for the new bridge belongs largely to Mayor George M. 
Wright, who w'ith the support of the aldermen and common council peti- 
tioned the General Court for the necessary authority on the part of the 
city and county to erect a suitable bridge. Naturally there was much 
discussion over the plans, the cost and the division of expense. The plan 
of the Samuel H. Pitcher Company, finally adopted, involves a cost 
of about $350,000, of which the sum of $50,000 will be paid by the Wor- 
cester Consolidated Street Railroad. The remainder of the cost will be 
borne by the city of Worcester (48-eightieths) ; the county of Wor- 



.•].\7) ITS PEOPLli 471 



cester (08-eightictlisj ; the town of Shrewsbury and the State (two- 
eightieths eachj. The Iniildiiig of the bridge has required all the 
resources of modern engineering. It is artistic in appearance, with wide 
spans to allow the free passage of boats beneath. The material is con- 
crete. The building of this bridge, it is predicted, will make the straight- 
way course for scull and boat-racing one of the best in New England, 
and revive the water sports that formerly attracted large numbers to the 
lake. 

In no department of public service has there been a greater advance 
than in the construction and maintenance of streets, especially since the 
introduction of hard and durable roads became absolutely necessary for 
the use of automobiles and auto trucks. The state has cooperated with 
the towns and cities in building roads, and fixed high standards which 
have been generally copied or adopted. The contrasts between the 
streets of this city at present and those of even a decade ago, shows the 
amazing and gratifying progress made. The day of plain gravel and 
macadam roads has passed ; a hard surface of concrete material, tar, 
asphalt or other similar material, is used with macadam foundation on 
residential streets. Business streets in this city have in recent years 
been paved with stone blocks covered with a surface of Portland cement, 
but some wooden block and asphalt roads pavements have Ijeen laid. 
Brick has not been approved. 

Street Lighting. — In colonial days there was no lighting of streets 
here. The taverns, stores and dwellings were lighted by candles. The 
day of the lamp post came w'ith the use of sperm oil and kerosene. Gas 
was introduced in November, 1849, after the city was incorporated. The 
first gas lamps were lighted June 2"2, 1849. Gradually the city began to 
extend the gaslamps from the business districts to the closely settled 
residential districts. Older residents remember the days of kerosene 
street lamps; men of middle age recall the introduction of the first elec- 
tric street lamps in I880. 

From the plain gas flame to the Welsbach gas burner was a wonder- 
ful advance. The present electric lights are as greatly sui)erior to the 
original arc lamps as the arc lamps were over the oil lamps. It may be 
said that the whole system of street lighting has grown in fift}- years 
from a negligible amount to a vast business, utilizing a larger part of 
the product of the Worcester Gaslight Company and the Worcester Elec- 
tric Light Company, accounts of which are given elsewhere in this work. 

The present modern system of street lighting was inaugurated with 
much ceremony, June 17, 1914. The plant of the Worcester Electric 
Light Company was enlarged to supply the increased amount of 
current required. The new 6.6 ampere luminous arc lamp of the 
General Electric Company, the lamp best dili'using light of any yet 
devised, was adopted ; artistic steel standards affording some ornamen- 
tation instead of disfiguration as in the case of the old wooden poles 



472 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

were manufactured by the Lundin Electric & Machine Co. The original 
installation of 440 of these powerful street lamps in the business section 
is the largest initial installation on record. The city took three years 
to consider the adoption of the latest and best system of street lighting. 

The Chamber of Commerce decided to hold a celebration of the event 
and on May 14 appointed the following as a committee in charge : Hon. 
Edward F. Fletcher, Hon. William A. Lytle, John P. Coghlin, Robert 
W. Rollins, George F. Booth, Austin P. Cristy and John H. Fahey. The 
committee was increased afterward by the appointment of committees 
for various purposes. Col. Edwin G. Barrett was chief marshal of the 
great parade. About seventy mayors and ex-mayors of Massachusetts 
cities were guests. Some 400 automobiles were in line in the proces- 
sion and man)- were decorated. Prizes were awarded Chester A, Dodge, 
Walter D. Ross and Edgar L. Wheeler for the best decorated cars. The 
Knowlton cup offered for tlie best float was awarded Alpha Council, 
Pythian Sisters. Denholm & McKay was awarded the prize for the 
best-decorated truck. 

The street lighting has at present nearly 4,500 lamps of all kinds. 
In 1917 there were 1,113 of the 400-watt magnetities ; 619 gas Welsbachs 
and 2,342 of 100 candle power, T.")-watt tungstens, besides oSl luminous 
magnetite arc lamps of the kind just described. The latter are arranged 
so that half of them are cut out after one in the morning. It is planned 
to have more than a thousand of these in the near future. The annual 
appropriation in recent years has been from $177,000 to $18(>,000. Henry 
A. Knight is superintendent of lighting streets and supervisor of wires. 

The present area lighted by the new arcs extends from Armory 
Square to Lincoln Square and continues to Wellington street on Main 
street ; covering Madison street to JMadison Square ; Southbridge street 
to Federal street, Federal street to Portland street, Portland street to 
Franklin street, Franklin street through- Trumbull Square, to Green 
street bridge ; Trtimbtill street to Front street, Front street to Washing- 
ton Square, Foster and Mechanic streets. Commercial street to School 
street, School street to Lincoln Square ; Chandler street to Irving street, 
Austin street to High street, Chatham street to Irving street, Irving 
street from Chatham street to Pleasant street. Pleasant street from Irv- 
ing street to Main street, Pearl street to Chestnut street, Elm street to 
Public Library, Maple street to Maple terrace, Maple terrace to Walnut 
street. Walnut street from Maple terrace to Main street. Main street from 
Lincoln Square to Jackson street, Franklin street, Grafton street to 
Union Square, Green street to and including Vernon Square, Shrews- 
bury street to East Worcester street. Chandler street to Wellington 
street, High street, Summer street, Lincoln street to Kendall street. 



CHAPTER XXII 
Water Supply 

Before Worcester had a "water-works." the fire coni])anics depended 
upon large wells which wei'e constructed in various parts of the village 
for sup[)lying water to extinguish tires. .\ corjioration was formed 
Februar}- 18, 181.J. to lay pijies and supply water from Bell Pond on 
Belmont Hill, under the name of the Worcester Aqueduct Company. 
The city purchased the rights and property i>i this coriioration in 1848, 
and from that lieginning e.xtended the ser\'ice constant!}'. A small reser- 
voir was built a short distance north near Bell Pond. Water was sup- 
plied from this source in 18.")4 and inadequatel}" served the city, then con- 
taining a population of aliout ".ivJ.UOO, for several years. In 184y-d0 the 
mains were extended to Pleasant street — in 1851-3 to Chestnut and Elm. 
The floating island in Bell Puiul was removed in ISTT. The Lynde Brook 
reservoir still forms a jiart of the present system. With additions since 
made, the cost of this part (if the system has been $^41,445. 

An additional source of supply was opened in 188o, when Holden 
reservoir, No. 1, formerly called the Tatnuck reservoir, was completed. 
The basin was formerly used for storage for manufacturing purposes ; the 
dam was strengthenecl, and in 181)2 was rebuilt and raised ten feet at a 
cost of $15i',000. The Lynde Brook basin was used as a reserve and as 
a high pressure system, the Bell Pond reservoir having been abandoned. 
A drought in 181)4 caused the threatened water famine and a conduit of 
3,300 feet in length was laid to Kettle Brook in a jjeriod of two weeks, 
furnishing 18T million gallons. 

Kettle Brook Reservoir Xo. 1 was Iniilt in ISIk; at a cost of $"),"),000, 
and added materially to the low-j)ressure supply as well as the high-pres- 
sure. The Parsons reservoir was built, holding 1.") million gallons, just 
south of the Lynde Brook reservoir in the same year at a cost of $38,800. 
Holden Reservoir No. 2 was completed in 1901 at a cost of $333,000. 
Kettle Brook Reservoir, No. 2. was built in 1902. costing $94,900. Ket- 
tle Brook Reservoir, No. 4, was another mill pond, taken by the city in 
1902 ; the dams strengthened and the watershed cleaned at a cost of $138,- 
000. Kettle Brook Reservoir, No. 3, completing the Kettle Brook sys- 
tem, was built in 1903 at a cost of $100,:iOO. .-\.t this time the total stor- 
age capacitv of the system reached two billion gallons. 

The capacity of Bell Pond soon proved inadequate for the water 
supplv, and the supply often failed. In order to increase the supply, 
water was pumped from a spring in the Gates lumber yard. Other pri- 
vate companies were formed to increase the supjjl}-. Ethan Allen peti- 
tioned for the right to lay pipes under a portion of Lincoln and Main 



474 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

streets, "to bring into his grounds from the north part of Worcester the 
water from some springs in the grounds of Capt. Lewis Barnard and to 
such other places as may be necessary to conduct the water from said 
petitioner's premises." Permission was granted him May 6, 1848, to 
lay pipes as far south as the house of Charles Thurber, and July 23, 
1849, to extend his system through Front street to Salem street. In 
1863 this acqueduct was supplying some thirty-seven houses, mostly on 
Main street. The Paine spring aqueduct was also in use in lSti3, sup- 
plying 125 families and shops on School, Union, Main, Thomas and Sum- 
med streets. A third private aqueduct was known as the Rice Aque- 
duct, supplying a section of Grafton and Franklin streets, supplying 61 
families and two steam engines. 

The preliminary survey for the Kettle Brook system was made 
by M. B. Inches of Boston, in 1854, and he made another survey in 1856. 
The project to build the reservoir was voted down by a narrow margin 
in 1856. In 1861 legislative authority was obtained for the taking of 
Lynde Brook. In 1863 Hon. Phinehas Ball made an elaborate report on 
the subject of a water system, and public sentiment was changed. At 
an ejection, January 18, 1864, the voters approved the Lynde Brook 
location, and authorized the building of the water works in accordance 
with Mr. Ball's plans, 984 to 282. The water was turned into the mains 
November 14, 1864. The reservoir had a capacity at that time of 228 
million gallons. The introduction of this water supply made the con- 
struction of a sewer system imperative. 

The engineers immediately turned their attention to providing more 
water for the low-pressure system, and the Asnebumskit Brook water- 
shed was their choice. It was not until 1906, however, that the city 
council authorized work to begin there at the northerly end. A con- 
crete conduit was built to convey water to Kendall Reservoir; planned 
on the south, thereby diverting Asnebumskit Brook from its natural 
course. Work continued slowly until 1911. Part of the Kendall basin 
was stripped of soil, a canal dug, dikes built, and conduits laid through 
to Holden Reservoir. 

From 1908 to 1911 the rainfall was far below normal. The aver- 
age had been over 45 inches; in 1910 only 37.68 inches fell, and during 
the first half of 1911 but 15.19. The supply of water fell short. Then 
began a very real and anxious effort to provide a supply for both pres- 
ent and future. The Asnebumskit was connected with the other sys- 
tems, but the city took advantage of reserved rights in the Metro- 
politan system and established a pumping station at West Boylston, 
laying a 30-inch main to the Summit, a distance of 12,000 feet. Though 
there is no immediate prospect that such an emergency will recur, the 
main and tlie pumping station remain as a guarantee of an unceasing flow 
of water in the city mains. During the illness of City Engineer Fred- 
erick A. McClure, from the strain and anxiety of the rush work that 



AND ITS PEOPLE . 475 

year, Cliarles A. Alkii, fiininr city engineer, contributed his knowledge 
and experience to the work, and is credited with securing the comple- 
tion of the emergency system in record time. Power for the jnunps is 
furnished hy the Connecticut River Transmission Conipanw The two 
pumps can each deliver two million gallons of water a da}- against a head 
of 550 feet. A mammoth check-valve prevents the great volume of water 
in the pipes from flooding the pump house, in case of accident to the 
pumps; this valve is tested for a pressure of a hundred tons. 

The cit_\- is fortimate in being surrounded by hills with lakes and 
Streams that supply the water by gravity, avoiding the great cost of 
pwmping. Holden reservoir is 237.8 feet above the ground level at City 
Hall. Parsons Reservoir at the end of Lynde Brook, and Kettle Brook 
systems, built at the same height, atlords an average pressure of 80 jiounds 
to the square inch for the low pressure used generally in the residences 
of the city. Lynde Brook Reservoir, from which the water flows 
directly into the high jn-essure service mains is over 100 feet higher, or 
341.94 feet above the City Hall level, providing a pressure of 150 pounds, 
suf^cient to carry water to the highest parts of the settled jiortions 
of the city. Kettle Brook Reservoirs contrilmte to high pressure sys- 
tems, flowing into Lynde Itrook Reservoir. 

In a normal season the Reservoirs are filled to overflowing. Lynde 
Brook Reservoir contains ;08,581,000 gallons; Kettle Brook, No. 1, 
19,000,000; Kettle Brook, Xo. 2, 12:,310,000; Kettle Brook, No. 3, 
152,306,000; Kettle Brook, Xo. 4, 512,847,000; Holden, Xo. 1, 720,319,- 
000; Holden, No. 2, .267,398,000; Parsons, 15.000,000 ; Kendall, 818, 000,- 
000. The total storage, 3,344,761.000, Pine Hill will add 3,000,000,000 
gallons. The average daily consumption is about 15,188,000 gallons. 

It has been planned to reserve as far as possible the high pressure 
service for fire protection. A new 48-inch pipe line has been laid since 
1912 from the Plolden Reservoir to replace a 30-inch and a 24-inch line. 

In the streets are more than 310 miles of water mains with 195 miles 
of service pipe; 2,715 hydrants. There are 20,518 water meters in use. 
The total cost of the water works has been $7,59 7,589.23 to Dec. 1, 1917. 
The income for the year ending Dec. 1, 1917, was $576,365.96. Until this 
\-ear the water department has been divided into two departments, now 
consolidated under George W. Batchelder, commissioner. George C. 
Hunt was water register until consolidation, having charge of the col- 
lection of water rates. 

The water rates are lower than in most other cities of New England. 

Many of the office, store and manufacturing buildings have artesian 
wells furnishing their water supply 

Much of the material for this sketch is taken from an article by Mr. 
Batchelder in the Worcester Magazine of June, 1912. (See also a des- 
cription of the new Kendall Reservoir in the magazine of Nov., 1913). 



CHAPTER XXIII 
Town and City Halls — Civil Memorials — Burial Grounds 

The meetings of tlie early proprietors were held in various private 
houses in this and at times in other towns. The earliest town meetings 
were held in dwellings or taverns, but after the meeting house was 
built, that was the place of meeting, the first being here in September, 
1732. After the town and the Old South Parish were separated, hovv- 
ever, the town meetings continued as before. The first movement toward 
erecting a town hall was taken by the town in March, 1824, and on May 
3 report of a committee was accepted, planning a two-story building, 
town hall to be on the street floor : the second story to be divided into 
two halls, one of which was to be assigned to the use of the Agricul- 
tural Society, on condition that the society reconvey to the town a lot on 
the southwest of the burial ground on the Common given by the town 
in 1823. It was stated in the report that the basement could Ije rented 
for not less than $50 a year. 

Three sites were considered by the committee in charge of the build- 
ing, Frederick \V. Paine, John W. Lincoln, William Eaton, Otis Corbett 
and Enoch Flagg: the first offered by Dr. William Paine on Main 
street near Thomas street : the second, the lot reconveyed by the Agri- 
cultural Society : and the third, the northwest corner of the Common, 
where the city hall is now located. The latter was selected and a small 
building on the location was torn down. 

The building was 54 by 5-i feet, the basement of stone, the two 
upper stories of brick. The cornerstone was laid August 2, 1824, with 
Masonic ceremony, under the direction of the contractor, Lewis Bigelow, 
who was himself master of Alurning Star Lodge, F. and A. M., and Peter 
Kendall, the stone and Iirick mason. An address was delivered by Sam- 
uel M. Burnside. The building was dedicated May 2, 1825, with an his- 
torical address by Hon. John Davis. The total cost was $9,017.90. Be- 
sides the town hall on the street floor, there were offices for the town 
clerk, selectmen and others. The upper floor was occupied by the Agri- 
cultural Society and a Masonic lodge-room. The basement was rented 
for a meat market and other purposes. 

An addition 50 feet in length on the east was made in 1841, and the 
upper story converted into a single hall, which seated 400 persons. The 
first floor of the old part was divided into four rooms, one of which 
was used by the militia for an armory. The first floor of the new part 
formed a hall 48 by 51 feet. A fire engine company was assigned the 
new basement. The changes cost about $11,000. The halls were known 
as "the Upper," the "East Hall," and the "West Hall." The East Hall 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



A77 



became the police court room in 1S48; the West Hall was divided into 
rooms for the City foiincil, and offices for Sie clerk, treasurer and 
others. From time to timt- minor changes were made. 

The large town hall was divided in ISGG, and council chambers con- 
structed at the west end. The other half was used liy the police depart- 
ment, later by the Municipal and Central District Courts successively. 
The whole of the first story was devoted to offices. Thcsf changes cost 
$27,232.20. A clock tower built in ISSS was the nnly ether change in 
the old building. The t<ital exjjendecl on tin- building amuuuted to $60,- 
OOO. Similar ti.iwii halls in large towns ma_\- I^l- sih-u in all parts of \ew 
England. 




.L^m%^ 



TOWN" H.\LL- 



Until Mechanics II all was erectt-d in ISi;:. thi- town hall was the 
largest hall in the cit_\' and was in constant <lcman<l fur concerts. It-ctures, 
political conventions, dances and similar jmrposes. The Free Soil party 
was born here in 1848: Eli 'i'hayer announced his "plan c.f freedom" 
here March 11, 18.j4, inaugurating the scpiatter sovereignty movement 
to hold Kansas as a Free State, .\mong those who sjiokc here were 
Daniel Webster. Al)raham Lincoln. Henry Clay. Charles Sunnier, Ed- 
ward Everett, Theodore Parker, Henry Wilson, Ci.l. T. W. Higginson, 
Gov. John A. -Vndrew, Frederick Douglass, Wm. Lloyd C.arrison. Wen- 
dell Phillips, Edw. Everett Hale, John Brown, Kufus Choate, Gov. X. P. 
Banks, besides our own Lincolns, Davis, Allen Bullock, Dcvcns and Hoar, 
Thomas H. Benton, Louis Kossuth, Father Theobald Matthew, John B. 



4/8 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Gough, Jenny Lind. William M. Thackeray and many other notable men 
and women. 4 

From the beginning, of course, until 1848, the town meetings were 
held here. In 186G the hall was closed, the last public gathering in the 
building being May 4. 1898, when the old voters of 1848 gathered 
to say farewell to the old building. Ex-Mayor E. B. Stoddard presided; 
Major Rufus B. Dodge, Hon. A. .S. Roe, ex-Mayor A. B. R. Sprague, 
Lieut. Samuel Hathaway, Dexter Rice, Alzirus Brown, Major Frederick 
G. Stiles and others, were speakers. By Jt'ly 1, the building had been 
demolished. The old clock is now on the tower of the Goes Wrench 
plant. 

The City Hall. — The present city hall was occupied ]\Iay 1, 1898. 
The cornerstone was laid Septemljer 12, 1896, and the building dedi- 
cated with great ceremony April 28, 1898. The contrast between the 
first and second municipal buildings is an index not only of the growth 
of the city in wealth and population in seventy-five years, but of the 
expansion of public business. The first town hall cost $9,000 ; this build- 
ing cost $625,000. The new city hall, as it is still called, occupies the 
greater part of the western half of the Common, covering the sites of the 
Old South Church and the old tqwn hall. It is of Milford granite, 219 
feet long, 80 feet wide and has GO rooms. The style is renaissance, with 
a beautiful Florentine tower, 205 feet in height. 

The original act providing for the building, under date of April 
23, 1894, authorized the city to borrow $300,000 in excess of the debt 
limit for the purpose of building the new city hall. Controversy over 
the location raged for several years, and it was not until the spring of 
June 3, 1895, that the question was decided. Mayor Marsh engaged the 
distinguished artist and architect, Richard Morris Hunt, as professional 
adviser, but his death on July 31st following made necessary the choice 
of another adviser, and his son, Richard Howland Hunt, was appointed 
Nine sets of plans were submitted for the prize of $5,000. The design 
of Peabody & Stearns of Boston was selected, but the prize money 
was divided among the unsuccessful architects : Hartwell & Richard- 
son ($2,000), Carrere & Hastings ($1,500), A. P. Cutting ($1,000) and 
Clellan Waldo Fisher ($500). 

A commission consisting of the mayor, ex-oi^cio, William H. Saw- 
yer, Harrison S. Prentice and Andrew Athy, was appointed to have 
charge of the erection of the building. The cornerstone was laid Sep- 
tember 12, preceded by a grand military and civic parade, of which Gen. 
Josiah Pickett was chief marshal. Major E. T. Raymond, assistant. 
Mayor A. B. R. Sprague was in charge of the exercises. After prayer by 
Rev. Calvin .Stebbins. Mayor Sprague delivered an address (See "Wor- 
cester in 1898," p. 85). The Masonic ceremonies were conducted by 
Grand Master Edwin R. Holmes. The box de[)osited in the cornerstone 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



479 



contained a valuable collection of books, ne\vspapei"s, coins and other 
historical data (p. 89, Worcester in 1898). 

The building was dedicated April 28, 1898, in the presence of a vast 
throng that tilled ever\- part of the building. About a hundred men who 
had been voters when the city was incorporated, fifty years before, 
formed a unitpie part of the audience. William H. Sawyer, chair- 
man of the building committee, called the meeting to order; Rev. .\rch- 



r 




1 J M * 




cri V iiALL.. 

ibald McCullagh invoked the divine Idessing. In his address Air. Saw- 
yer sketched the history of the building; commended the contractors, 
Norcross Brothers, whom he said "took a personal pride in the work 
which is to serve and adorn their own city." He took especial pride 
in the fact that "in finishing this massi\-e and majestic structure, com- 
plete in all its appointments, rich in its ornamentation and elegant in its 
furnishing, with every necessity supplied, from the clock in the tower 
to the broom and dust brush, for 323,031.23 less than the amount 
appropriated." 



48o 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 




One of the two Suits of Armor presented bv the City of Worcester, 

England, through Col. Albert Webb, V. D. J. P., Nov. 6, 

1908. This armor was worn by soldiers of King Charles 

II at the battle of Worcester, Sept. 3, 1651. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 481 

Mayor Dodge made a dignified and interesting address replete with 
historical allusions. "Let lis dedicate this spot," he said, "where our 
fathers met to weave a portion of the faultless fabric of self-government, 
designed by the noblest aims of man, to its preservation, with a fidelity 
of heart no less patriotic and no less self-denying than marked their noble 
lives." The historical address of the day by Hon. Burton W. Potter, 
president of the board of aldermen, was a masterpiece. He treated ade- 
quately the history and weighed the value of all the departments of the 
municipality. 

Semi-Centennial Celebration. — The fiftieth anniversary of the incor- 
poration of the city was celebrated by festivities lasting three days, June 
20, 21 and 32, 1898, with postponed exercises in Mechanics Hall on June 
24. The first day was devoted to a regatta at Lake Ouinsigamond, on 
the shores of which the first settlers built their homes. Five thousand 
people attended, witnessing all kinds of boat, canoe and shell racing. The 
Worcester High School eight defeated the Weld crew of Harvard, mak- 
ink a new lake record. Trophies were presented to the winners at the 
rooms of the Wachusett Boat Club by Mayor Dodge in the evening. A 
civic, military and trades procession took place June 32, under the direc- 
tion of Chief ]\Iarshal E. T. Raymond, assisted by Capt. Levi Lincoln, 
chief of staff. The buildings were decorated. 

The exercises in Mechanics Hall were of historic importance. Af- 
ter prayer by Rt. Rev. Monsignor Griffin, Frank P. Goulding, the ora- 
tor of the day, was introduced by Mayor Dodge. Mr. Goulding was one 
of the most gifted advocates and public speakers of his generation. His 
address ranks among the most finished and eloquent orations ever deliv- 
ered on a similar occasion. The address of Col. W'illiam S. B. Hopkins, 
one of the last of the brilliant public speeches for which he was noted 
for a generation, was scholarly, and patriotic, with characteristic bits of 
reasoning and philosophy, and with a discussion of practical municipal 
questions of the past and present. 

Memorials. — The Burnside Memorial Fountain, the gift of Harriet 
P. F. Burnside, was unveiled in 1913. It is chiselled from granite, from 
designs by Daniel Chester French, the sculptor, and surmounted by a 
bronze figure entitled the Boy and the Turtle. It is located in Salem 
Square, and serves as an ornament to the city as well as a highly useful 
purpose. 

The bronze memorial statue of Hon. George F. Hoar was dedicated 
in June, 1908. The spea"kers were Mayor James Logan, Governor Cur- 
tis Guild, and Hon. William H. Moody. The statue is located at the City 
Hall, near the corner of Main and Front streets. There were 30,000 
contributors to the fund in sums varying from one cent to over $100, 
and 128 societies were among the contributors. Charles M. Thayer ini- 
tiated the movement, and was its leader from the beginning. 

Two suits of armor worn by pikemen in the battle of Worcester, 
W.— 1-31. 



482 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Sept. 3, 1661, were presented by the City of Worcester, England, to this 
city, November 5, 1908, at City Hall. Col. Albert Webb, V. D., made 
the presentation in behalf of the English cit}'. It is interesting not only 
because this city is presumed to be named for the English city, but 
because some of the ancestors of Worcester families took part in the bat- 
tle and, being taken prisoners, were sent to New England by Cromwell. 

The John Adams Memorial Tablet at the corner of the Court House 
grounds, Lincoln Square, presented by Col. Timothy Bigelow Chapter, 
D. A. R., was dedicated May 23, 1903. It is inscribed: "In Front of 
this Tablet stood the First School House in Worcester, where John 
Adams, second President of the United States, taught School." 

Mrs. Louisa C. Chamberlain, widow of Dr. Wm. B. Chamberlain, left 
a bequest of $.j,OUO in her will, 1912, for the erection of a memorial foun- 
tain, which was located liy the City Council in Washington Square. The 
memorial was designed by Andrew O'Connor, of this city (See biog.). 
It was unveiled August 14, l',)15. This highly artistic work consists of a 
bronze fisher boy on a drinking fountain of pink granite. The work was 
suggested to the donor by City Engineer McClure during a consulta- 
tion in which she ex]>ressed a wish to make a gift to the city, and he 
made and executed the plans for this useful and attractive monument. 

Burial Grounds. — The first burial ground was a small lot near the 
corner of the present Thomas and Sumner streets. The first inter- 
ment was that of Rachel Kellough. who died December 15, ITl?, (See 
Early Settlers). Seventeen graves were marked by heaps of stones, 
but none hail inscriptions. 

As early as 1T2S, the southeast part of the Common, at the corner of 
Salem and Franklin streets, was appropriated for a burial place. It is 
thought that perhaps a dozen bodies from the older burial ground were 
removed to the new. For about ten years, 1737-18, the kind of fence 
to be erected about the cemetery was a matter of discussion, and finally 
it was decided to build a stone wall enclosing an acre or more. Burials 
continued on the Common until 1824, when the town voted that no more 
interments be made there. The grounds were sadly neglected. In 1853 
the city council ordered the gravestones to be laid flat on the graves and 
covered, after the inscrij)tions had been copied and designated on a map 
for identification. 

The New Cemetery, as it was called, occupied jiart of the minis- 
terial or school land on Mechanic street. The remainder of these lands 
were sold at public auction in 1794. The burial ground was reserved at 
the time of the survey May 5, 1786. The first burial is said to have been 
that of Leonard Worcester Jr. Interments continued until 1859, though 
few were made after 1830. The bodies (1,116) were removed in 1878 
and Iniried in Hope Cemetery in a lot provided by the city. 

The town bought a lot of about eight acres of Samuel Hathaway 
in 1828, for a new burial ground, and it was called Pine Meadow Burial 



AND ITS PEOPLE 483 

Ground, remaining in use for several years. All the bodies have been 
removed in order to make way for the tracks of the Boston & Albany 
railroad in the freight yard. 

A few acres of land on Pleasant street, between what is now Mon- 
roe avenue and Rowland terrace, were bought of Rejoice Newton for $T,") 
by Bishop Fenwick, for the Catholic Church for a burial ground. The 
first interment was in 1835. After 1S4S. when St. John's Cemetery was 
opened, the old cemetery gradually fell into disuse. The first interment 
was that of John Devanny, who was killed by a premature blast in the 
deep cut on the B. & A. railroad. It was finally sold about lltO.J and the 
bodies removed. Afterward the knoll on which it was located was 
leveled and since then nearly all of the tract has been occupied by res- 
dences. (p. 213 Wor. Soc. Ant. Bulletin IS'JS for Epitaphs). 

Rural Cemetery. — On Grove street, a tract of land given by Daniel 
Waldo, consisting of eight acres, was dedicated September 5, 1838. It 
is controlled by a private corjioration. Additions were made until Rural 
Cemetery now has forty acres. The trustees in 1917 were: Waldo Lin- 
coln, George T. Dewey, Roger F. Upham, Benjamin T. Hill, Lincoln N. 
Kinnicutt, Cliandlcr Bullock, William T. Forbes, Philip X. Curtis; super- 
intendent, W. F. Bryant. 

Hope Cemetery at New Worcester is owned by the city. The 
original tract of fifty acres was bought in 1851 for $1,855. Since then 
ninety acres have been added. It was consecrated May 22, 1853. The 
superintendent (1916) is Oscar F. Burbank, formerly of the Citv Engi- 
neer's otifice. Frederick A. Barnes, deceased, his predecessor, was super- 
intendent for many years. It is in charge of a board of trustees. In 
1917 they were: H. Spencer Haskell, president; B. Edwin Guv, Wil- 
liam Woodward, secretary James E. Orr, Edward M. Wood, manager. 
In 1916 there were 888 interments. 

St. John's Cemetery (Catholic), South Worcester, was consecrated 
in 1848. The land was bought of Eli Thayer. James P. Curran is trus- 
tee and treasurer; William E. Curran, superintendent. In 1916 there 
were 940 interments. St. Anne's Cemetery (Catholic) is on Shrews- 
bury street. 

The Swedish Cemetery, located on Webster street, near Hope Cem- 
etery, was opened in 1885. Directors : Wilhelm Forsberg, John Johnson, 
Yars A. Eager, Carl Hjelm, Magnus Olson, Carl Nelson, Eric G. Sunden, 
Victor E. Rolander, John Carlson; Clerk, Emil T. Rolander; Treasurer, 
G. Axel Spongberg; Superintendent, Albin Selin. 

Notre Dame des Canadiens (French Catholic), Webster street, was 
opened in 1885. It contains 45 acres. Louis D. Grenier is superinten- 
dent. In 1916 there were 467 interments. 



CHAPTER XXIV 
Worcester in the General Court 

The adoption of the Australian ballot provided for the present sys- 
tem of voting in secret on a blanket ballot. Before that time the ballots 
had been regulated for a time by law as to size of type, thickness of 
paper, etc. But in the early days there were no restrictions. Candi- 
dates and their friends had the ballots printed, and at the polls solicited 
votes vehemently. C. C. Baldwin (diary, p. 245) describes the election 
of November 12, 1833: "This is election day. I went and put in my 
vote for Hon. John Davis as gov. and voted for the National Repub- 
lican Candidates for the Senate. I had my pick out of eighteen candi- 
dates ! What a list of worthies. As I went into the town hall where the 
people were collected, I could not but observe the fierceness and patriotic 
anxiety which predominated in the faces of some of the leading cham- 
pions. How many distributors of votes! A peck at least were offered 
to me. It is said that if you hold two cats near to each other and pinch 
their tails, though they may have lived always quietly together, they will 
scratch and bite each other furiously. The mass of the people are very 
much in this respect like the cats. The party leaders pinch their tails 
through the newspapers and they fall upon one another without mercy." 

Election Day. — Election Day was celebrated from early colonial 
days at the opening of the General Court. It was not the day when 
voting took place. Under the original charter it was "the last Wednes- 
day in Easter Terme yearely," but under the provincial charter of 1G91 
it was the last Wednesday in May, a date that was retained in the State 
constitution of 1780. 

Election day was one of the great holidays of the year, and the one 
day when persons of every degree, tongue and color, had a full right ; 
and irom the fact that the negroes were allowed to buy gingerbread and 
drink beer there, it was called "Nigger 'lection, " in distinction from the 
"Artillery election" on the first Monday of June. Not only election day, 
but the whole week, was made a holiday in Boston, which was visited by 
pleasure-seekers from all parts of the commonwealth. The greatest 
honor for a clergyman was to be chosen to preach the Election Sermon. 
Rev. Mr. Oakes, of Cambridge, in his election sermon in 17T3, protested 
against the license allowed, saying the day had become a time "to meet, 
to smoke, carouse and swagger, and dishonor God with the greater bra- 
very." Anniversary Week was another name given to this holiday, 
because since the charter of 1691 it was the time the country visitors 
made their annual visit to Boston to attend the Massachusetts convention 
of Congregational ministers. As they were mostly Harvard graduates. 



486 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



it was the occasion of an annual reunion and festivity. They and their 
families were entertained generously by the people of Boston, and given 
a dinner on the day after election day, attended usually by the governor 
and other dignitaries. 

The earliest election sermon was preached by Rev. John Cotton in 
1634, and the first known to have been printed was that of Rev. John 
Higginson in 1663. Afterward it was customary to publish the election 
sermons, the members of the General Court having copies to distribute 
among their constituents. Except in 1764, when there was a small-pox 
epidemic in Boston, these sermons were preached every year for 250 
years. Naturally they dealt with the condition of the government, its 
history and politics, and they contain much valuable historical mate- 
rial. Year after year the well-to-do and pleasureloving, as well as the 
ministry, went to Boston to participate in the holiday. 

Representatives to the General Court, 1722-1917. Dates are not 
inclusive : 



Charles Allen, 1829-33-34. 

Edwin Ames, 1882-83. 

Oscar E. Arkwell, 191 1-12-13-14. 

P. Emory Aldrich, 1866-67. 

Andrew Athy, 1864 to 75. 

Peter Bacon, 1849. 

John D. Baldwin, 1871-72. 

George H. Ball, 1883. 

Charles H. Ballard, 1865. 

Judge Edward Bangs, 1803-04-05-06-07- 

08-09-10-11-12. 
Edward D. Bangs, 1816-17-18-19-20-21-22. 
Emory Banister, 1874. 
Gen. Ebenezer L. Barnard, 1836-38. 
Lewis Barnard, 1871-72. 
Forrest E. Barker, 1883-84. 
Ira M. Barton, 1846. 
George E. Batchelder. 1883-84 (resigned). 
Daniel W. Bemis, 1870. 
Albert L. Benchley, 1858. 
Henry W. Benchley, 1853-54. 
David Bigelow, 1775-77. 
John C. Bigelow, 1867. 
Joshua Bigelow, 1767-68-69-70-71-72-73. 
Capt. Lewis Bigelow, 1832. 
David T. Brigham, 1835. 
Harrison Bliss, 1855-56. 
Osgood Bradley, Jr., 1875-76. 
John H. Brooks, 1856. 
Dea. Nathaniel Brooks, 1843-44. 
Samuel Brooks, 1786-87-88. 
Silas Brooks, 1832-33. 
George A. Brown, 1864-65. 
Alexander H. Bullock, 1861-62-63-64-65. 



Luther Burnett, Jr.. 1832. 

Samuel M. Burnside, 1826-27. 

Thomas W. Butler, 1886-7. 

James Carberry, 1898. 

Cornelius J. Carmody, 1908-09-10. 

Peter T. Carroll, 1888-89. 

Dr. Benjamin Chapin, 1830. 

Daniel E. Chapin, 1855. 

Dea. Lewis Chapin, 1833-34-41. 

Dr. George Chandler, 1859. 

John Chandler, i73'-33-34-35-36-37-38-39- 

40-41-42. 
John Chandler, Jr., 1752-53-54-55- 
Henry H. Chamberlin, 1854. 
Gen. Thomas Chamberlain, 1835-36-37. 
Joseph P. Cheney, Jr., 1888-89. 
William L. Clark, 1881-82. 
George S. Clough, 1891-92. 
Dea. John Coe, 1837. 
A. G. Goes, 1867-69. 
Loring Goes, 1885-86. 
John B. D. Cogswell, 1857. 
Edward L Comins, 1893. 
George W. Coombs, 1897-98. 
Harrison J. Conant, 1909-10. 
Peter A. Conlin, 1887-90. 
James Conner, 1884. 
Otis Corbett, 1825-26-27-28-29-31-32-36. 
Ellery B. Crane, 1895-96. 
James M. Cronin, 1888-89. 
James P. Crosby, 1892-93. 
Augustus N. Currier, 1885-86. 
Samuel Curtis, 1778-79-80-81-82-83-84-85- 

86. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



487 



Samuel Curtis, 1802-03-07. 

Francis O. Dahlquist. 1907. 

Joseph D. Daniels, 1861-62. 

Isaac Davis, 1852. 

Samuel Davis, 1848. 

Theodore H. Day, 1914-16. 

Henry E. Dean. 1907-08-09-17. 

John Dean, 1869. 

Daniel E. Denny, 1906-07-08-09. 

Col. Ephraini Doolittle, 1764-65-66-67. 

Thomas E. Dowd, 1914-15-16-17. 

Edwin Draper, 1864-65. 

Edward Earle, 1851. 

John Milton Earle, 1845-46-50-51-52. 

Thomas Earle. 1870. 

William Eaton, 1812-13-14-23-24-25-26-28- 

29-30-31. 
J. Lewis Ellsworth, 1899-1900-01. 
A. EdwMn Enberg, 1897. 
James E. Estabrook, 1874-75. 
Benjamin Flagg (2d), 1731-43-44-45-46-47- 
Benjamin Flagg 2d, 1731-43-44-45-46-47- 

48-49-50-51. 
John Flagg, 1835. 
Col. Samuel Flagg, 1791-92-93-94-95-96- 

97-98, -04-05. 
John T. Flannigan, 1911-12-13-14. 
Waterman A. Fisher, 1855. 
Alfred D. Foster, 1833-34-35. 
Jonathan C. French, 1867. 
Charles F. Garrity, 1915. 
Julius Garst, 1903-04. 
John Gates, 1872-73. 
Thomas Gates, 1870-71-74. 
P. B. Gilbert, 1848. 
George W. Gill. 1853-54. 
W^illiam A. Gile, 1887-88. 
Moses D. Gilman, 1897-98. 
Edward B. Glasgow, 1889-90. 
John F. Gleason, 1851-52. 
Benjamin Goddard (2d), 1836-37. 
Delano A. Goddard, 1862-68. 
Dorrance S. Goddard, 1870. 
Frank P. Goulding, 1877-78. 
Palmer Goulding, 1741. 
John G. Hagberg. 1899, 1900-01. 
Clarence M. Hall, 1917. 
O. C. Hammerstrom. 1908-09-10. 
John Hammond, 1842. 
Maj. Thomas Harback, 1836. 
Jubal Harrington, 1832-33-34-35-36. 
James L. Harrup, 1913-14-13. 
Calvin L. Hartshorn, 1879-80. 
Windsor Hatch, 1833-34. 



Thomas J. Hastings, 1878-79-80. 

Xathan Heard, 1838. 

Frank M. Heath, 1901. 

E. H. Hemingway, 1837. 

Michael A. Heneberry, 1910-12-13. 

Samuel R. Heywood, 1875-76-77. 

Samuel E. Hildreth, 1873. 

George F. Hoar, 1852. 

Clarence W. Hobbs, Jr.. 1909-10-11-12. 

John P. Holmgren, 1909-10. 

Ezekiel Howe, 1777. 

.-Monzo F. Hoyle, 1905-06-07-08. 

George C. Hunt, 1901-03-04. 

James Hunt, 1899-1900. 

Frederick W. Hurlburt, 1911-12-13-14. 

Martin V. B. Jefferson, 1880-81. 

Judge William Jennison. 1728-29-30. 

Warren C. Jewett, 1903-04-05. 

Charles R. Johnson, 1898-99. 

John G. Johnson, 1917. 

Capt. Nathaniel Jones, 1727. 

Charles .\. Kelley, 1917. 

George P. Kendrick, 1872-73. 

Thomas G. Kent, 1887. 

Homer R. King, 1901. 

Thomas Kinnicutt, 1835-37-41-42-43. 

Joseph B. Kno.x, 1894-95. 

Samuel A. Knox, i860. 

Vernon A. Ladd, 1863. 

Edward Lamb. 1853-54. 

Frank D. Leary, 1878-79. 

George .\. Lindberg, 1915-16-17. 

Dr. -Abraham Lincoln, 1810-11-12-13-14- 

15- 16- 17- 18- 19-20-21 -22-23-24. 
Daniel Lincoln, 1916-17. 
John W. Lincoln, 1825-26-27-33-34-35. 
Gov. Levi Lincoln, Sr., 1796. 
Gov. Levi Lincoln, Jr., 1815-16-17-18-19- 

20-21-22. 

William Lincoln, 1836-37-38-41. 
Col. Ebenezer Lovell, 1774. 
John D. Lovell, 1877-78. 
Frederick H. Lucke, 1913-14-15-16. 
Judge M. J. McCafferty, 1866-76-77-79. 
Joseph S. McDonough, 1914. 
John F. McGrath, 1907-08. 
William L McLoughlin, 1898-99. 
John C. Mahoney, 1911-12-13-14. 
Michael F. Malone, 1915. 
David Manning, 1888, 1900. 
Edwin T. Marble, 1870. 
Asaph R. Marshall, 1881-82. 
John P. Marble, 1865. 
Joseph Mason, 1885-86. 



488 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



James F. Melaven, 1892-93-94-95-96. 

George H. Mellen, 1895-96. 

James H. Mellen, 1877-78-79-81-83-86-88- 

89-90-92-93-94-95-96-99-1900-06-09-10. 
Walter L. Mellen, 1917. 
Pliny Merrick, 1828. 
William T. Mcrrifield, 1857. 
J. H. F. Mooney, 1884. 
Philip Moore, 1878. 
Eugene M. Moriarty, 1880-81-82-83-90- 

91-92-93-94-95-96-97. 
Maj. Ephraim Moore, 1807-08-09-10-11. 
William Mulligan, 1871. 
John P. Munroe, 1899-1900. 
Jeremiah Murphy, 1876. 
John L. Murphy, 1862. 
Thomas L. Nelson, 1869. 
Guy Stafford Newton, 1836-38. 
Rejoice Newton. 1829-30-31. 
Edward H. O'Brien, 1904-05-06-07. 
David F. O'Connell, 1882-83-85-87. 
John J. O'Gorman. 1884. 
Patrick O'Keefe, 1861. 
Hugh H. O'Rourke, 1903-04-05-06-07. 
Charles A. Orstrom, 1911-12-13. 
Cornelius O'Sullivan, 1877. 
Benjamin F. Otis, 1860-61. 
Frederick W. Paine, 1830. 
Judge Nathaniel Paine, 1800-01. 
Timothy Paine, 1756-57-58-59-60-61-62-63- 

64. 
Timothy Paine, 1788-89-90. 
Dexter F. Parker, 1857-58-59. 
Henry L. Parker, 1886-87. 
Norman B. Parsons, 1912-13. 
George R. Peckhani, 1866-67. 
Joseph S. Perry, 1885. 
Alfred S. Pinkerton, 1887-88-90. 
Alfred W. Plaisted, 1888-89. 
Francis Plunkett. 1880-81. 
John H. Pickford, 1906-07-08-09. 
Samuel A. Porter, 1882. 
Burton W. Potter, 1872-83-84. 
Elmer C. Potter, 1903-04-05-06-07. 
Charles B. Pratt, 1859. 
Joseph Pratt, i860. 
Charles L. Putnam, 1871. 
Patrick J. Quinn, 1891. 
Albert T. Quiry, 1915. 
George A. Reed, 1910. 
Darius Rice, 1845-46. 
George M. Rice, 1896-97-98. 
Henry C. Rice, 1859-60. 
J. Marcus Rice, 1880. 



^\'illiara H. Rice, 1890-91. 
William W. Rice, 1875. 
Alfred S. Roe, 1892-93-94-95. 
Austin L. Rogers, 1855. 
Gilbert J. Rugg. 1905-06. 
George W. Russell, 1856. 
G. Oscar Russell, 1915-16-17. 
Michael L. Russell, 1897-98. 
Rev. T. E. St. John, 1866. 
William P. Searles, 1894-95-96. 
Albert H. Silvester, 1911-12. 
Henry Y. Simpson. 1893-94. 
Mark N. Skerrett. 1901-02-03-04-05. 
Henry M. Smith. 1885-86. 
William A. Smythe, 1878-79. 
Rev. Samuel Souther, 1862-63. 
Welcome Sprague, 1869. 
William B. Sprout, 1889-90. 
Edward S. Stebbins, 1868. 
Elijah B. Stoddard, 1856. 
Arthur M. Stone, 1910-11. 
Lucian B. Stone. 1907-08. 
Titnothy S. Stone, i860. 
Dea. Nathaniel Stowell, 1832. 
Peter F. Sullivan. 1901-02-03. 
Arthur M. Taft, 1901-02-03-04-05. 
Henry G. Taft, 1891-92. 
Putnam W. Taft, 1852-55-56. 
Charles T. Tatman, 1899, 1900. 
Alexander Thayer, 1858. 
Eli Thayer, 1853-54. 
John R. Thayer, 1880-82. 
Benjamin F. Thomas, 1842. 
Samuel B. Thomas, 1835. 
Eben F. Thompson, 1893-94. 
George F. Thompson, 1857. 
John H. Thompson, 1908-09. 
Prescott A. Thompson, 1868. 
James J. Tierney, 1885. 
Rev. O. H. Tillotson, 1858. 
Joseph A. Titus, 1873. 
Albert Tolman, 1849-50-59. 
Joseph R. Torrey, 1871-72. 
Enoch H. Towne, 1875. 
James J. Turney, 1885. 
Stephen P. Twiss, 1857. 
David Wadsworth, 1837. 
Aaron G. Walker, 1868-81-82-83-84. 
Joseph H. Walker, 1879-80-87. 
Dr. Emerson Warner, 1884-85. 
E. G. Warren. 1863. 
Charles Washburn, 1851. 
Charles G. Washburn, 1897-98. 
Emory Washburn, 1838. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



489 



John D. Washburn, 1877-78-79. 
Robert M. Washburn, 1908-09- I0-II-I2- 
I3-I4-I5• 
Timothy W. Wellington, 1864; 73-74. 
Col. Joiin W. Wetherell, 1870-76. 
Henry C. Wheaton, 1890-91. 
Charles White, 1849-50-52. , 

Franklin B. White, 1891. 



Xathan White, 1809, 13-14-15-16. 
Fitzroy Willard, 1843-44-66. 
Warren Williams, 1863-64-68-69. 
Samuel Winslow, 1873-74. 
George M. Woodward, 1869. 
James S. Woodworth, 1858-68. 
Willie C. Yriung, 1896-97. 



State Senators 



Charles Allen, 1836-37. 

George S. Barton, 1877-78. 

Ira M. Barton, 1833-34. 

Henry W. Benchley, 1855. 

Daniel Bigelow, 1794-95-96-97-98-99-1802- 

03-04-05-06-07. 
Lewis Bigelow, 1820-21. 
Francis Blake, 1810-11-12-13-14-15. 
Alexander H. Bullock, 1849. 
Edward A. Cowee, 1808-09. 
EUery B. Crane, 1897-98. 
Edward L. Davis, 1876. 
Isaac Davis, 1854. 
Francis H. Dewey, 
Daniel E. Denny, 
Alexander DeWitt, 
John Milton Earle, 
William Earle, 1826. 
Alfred D. Foster, 1848. 
Julius Garst, 1913-15. 
Francis A. Harrington. 1899; 1900-01. 
Thomas J. Hastings. 1881-82. 
Frank M. Heath. 1903-04-05. 
George Frisbie Hoar, 1857. 
Clarence W. Hobbs, Jr., 1913-14-15-16-17. 
John H. Hunt, 1911-12. 
M. V. B. Jefferson, 1885-86. 
James L. Harrup, 1917. 
Joseph G. Kendall, 1824-28. 
Thomas Kinnicutt, 1838-39. 
John S. C. Knowlton, 1852. 
Col. John W. Lincoln, 1827-28-29-30-31-32. 
Levi Lincohi, Sr., 1797-98. 
Gov. Levi Lincohi, Jr., 1843-44-45. 



1856-69. 
1910-11-12. 
1851. 
1858. 



David Manning, 1901. 

Edwin T. Marble, 1887-88. 

Pliny Merrick, 1850. 

John P. Munroe, 1903-04-05. 

Rejoice Newton, 1834. 

Hugh O'Rourke, 1914. 

Dexter F. Parker, 1859-60. 

Henry L. Parker, 1889-90. 

John H. Pickford, 1910. 

Alfred S. Pinkerton, 1890-91-92-93. 

Lucius W. Pond, 1866-67-68. 

Elmer C. Potter, 1908-09. 

Charles B. Pratt, 1883. 

George M. Rice, 1870. 

Henry O. Rice, 1879-80. 

Alfred S. Roe, 1896-97-98. 

Stephen Salisbury (2d), 1846-7. 

Stephen Salisbury (3d), 1893-94-95. 

Elijah B. Stoddard, 1864-65. 

.'\rthur ^L Taft, 1906-07. 

.^din Thayer, 1871-72. 

John R. Thayer, 1891-92. 

George F. Thompson, 1873. 

Charles Thurber, 1853. 

Cieorge F. Verry, 1874-75. 

Daniel Waldo, 1816-19. 

Charles G. Washburn, 1899, 

Emory Washburn, 1841-42. 

Ichabod Washburn, 1861. 

Robert M. Washburn, 1916. 

John D. Washburn, 1884. 

Calvin Willard, 1846. 

Hartley Williams, 1863. 



1900. 



CHAPTER XXV 
Governors — Senators — Federal Officers 

Worcester has furnished to the Commonwealth three governors — 
John Davis, Levi Lincoln, and Alexander H. Bullock. Their biographies 
are given elsewhere. Levi Lincoln Sr. was lieutenant-governor of 
Massachusetts. 

John Davis and George Frisbie Hoar, of Worcester, were United 
States senators (See biographies). 

The following citizens of this city have represented the district in 
Congress. For further information, see their biographies: 

Levi Lincoln (Dem.), 1801. George F. Hoar (Rep.), 1869-77. 

Joseph Allen (Fed.), 1810-11. William W. Rice (Rep.), 1877-87. 
John Davis (Fed), Nat. Rep. and Whig, Joseph H. Walker (Rep.), 1889-98. 

1825-34. John R. Thayer (Dem.), 1899, 1907. 

Levi Lincoln (Whig), 1834-41. Rockwood Hoar, 1907 (deceased). 

Charles Allen (Free-Soil), 1849-53. Charles G. Washburn (Rep.), 1907-11. 

Eli Thayer (Rep.), 1857-61. John A. Thayer (Dem.), 1911-13- 

John D. Baldwin (Rep.), 1863-69. Samuel E. Winslow (Rep.), 1913. 

Federal Officers. — The Custom House in the Federal Building 
serves the city and surrounding towns. It was established in 1900, and 
a bonded warehouse was secured through the efforts of the Board of 
Trade in 1905. The Custom House has proved a great convenience to 
importers. In 1916 the value of 6,481 packages received amounted to 
$532,578, a decrease from previous years owing to the war. The duties 
collected amount to about $30,000 yearly. Charles F. Cook is deputy 
collector. Capt. Charles H. Pinkham was the first collector. 

From the days of the Civil War an internal revenue office has been 
maintained here. The office has been in the federal (post-of¥ice) build- 
ing since it was erected. William H.Dyer, deputy collector, is in charge. 

Since the Civil War, the local board of pension examiners has had 
offices here. The board at present consists of Dr. Jacob R. Lincoln of 
Millbury, president; Warren R. Oilman, M. D., secretary, and Dr. George 
O. Ward, treasurer. 



CHAPTER X.W'I 

The Anti-Slavery Movement and Free Soil Party — Republican Party — 
Woman's Suffrage — Equal Franchise — Constitutional Conventions 

During the first thirty years of the nineteenth century, after political 
parties had drawn distinct lines, the Federalist party was in the minor- 
ity; during most of the time the Democratic party had a substantial 
majority. Lincoln says: "The leading men of the times were ardent 
politicians, and there were periods of excitement, when diversity of sen- 
timent impaired the harmony of social intercourse, separated those 
closely allied by the ties of kindred, and dissolved the bonds of ancient 
friendship. When the feuds and animosities of the past have subsided, 
it excites surprise that the surface, now so tranquil, should ever have 
been agitated by commotions as angry as were those which once dis- 
turbed its repose." 

Worcester has been from the beginning a place of political conven- 
tions, especially since the opening of the railroads, making it a railroad 
center as well as geographical center of the State. 

The Anti-Slavery Movement. — Though there were a few slaves here 
at the time. Worcester took a stand against slavery as early as May, 
1767, when the town instructed its representative to the General Court 
"that you use your influence to obtain a law to put an end to that unchris- 
tian and imjiolitic practice of making slaves in this Province ;"' and in 
March, 1774, it instructed its representative, Joshua Bigelow, "to resist 
the most distant approaches to slavery." In 1781 slavery came to an 
end in this State. 

A negro, "Ouacko" Walker, was claimed as his slave by Nathaniel 
Jennison, of Barre. and \\alker was aided by citizens of Barre in resist- 
ing the claim. Jennison sued John and Seth Caldwell "for enticing away 
his slave 'Quork' Walker, and the Court of Common Pleas decided in 
favor of the plaintiff, but the Caldwells appealed and the judgment was 
reversed by the Supreme Court. In the meantime, the grand jury indicted 
Jennison for assault on Walker in September, 1781; the defendant 
pleaded justification on the ground that Walker was his slave. At the 
final hearing of the case before the Supreme Court, Levi Lincoln Sr. and 
Gov. Caleb Strong appeared for the prosecution ; John Sprague of Lan- 
caster and William Stearns of Worcester, for the defendant, Jennison. 
The decision virtually abolished slaven.- in the Commonwealth. Chief 
Justice Gushing in his decision said: "I think the idea of slavery is 
inconsistent with our own conduct and constitution, and there can be no 
such thing as perpetual servitude by a rational creature, unless his liberty 
is forfeited by some crimiaal conduct or given up by personal consent 



492 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

and contract." In other words, no person had been or could be held in 
slavery. The "Higher Law" was proclaimed in April, 1T83. just at the 
close of the Revolution, in the Worcester county court house by Levi 
Lincoln in his argument, which was sustained shortly afterward by this. 
one of the most important decisions ever made by the Supreme Court 
of Massachusetts. Jennison was fined forty shillings for the assault. 

Worcester county voted against the National Constitution, forty- 
three to seven, on account of its silence on the subject of slavery. 

A convention of the opponents of slavery extension was held in the 
court house here December 9, 1819, when an efifort was being made to 
have Missouri admitted as a Free State. Hon. Solomon Strong presided, 
Levi Lincoln Jr., was secretary. Rev. Dr. Aaron Bancroft delivered an 
address supporting the objects of the meeting. The ^meeting adjourned 
to the next evening to give time for the preparation of resolutions by the 
following committee: Hon. Oliver Fiske, Isaac Goodwin, Edward D. 
Bangs, Bezaleel Taft and Samuel M. Burnside. At the adjourned meet- 
ing the resolutions opposing the extension of slavery were adojited. after 
speeches by Hon. E. H. Mills, ex-Congressman of Northampton, and 
John W. Hubbard of this town. The following expresses the intent 
of the series of resolutions : "Resolved, That this meeting most earnestly 
request their representatives in Congress to use their unremitted exer- 
tions to prevent the sanction of that honorable body to any further 
extension of slavery within the extending limits of the LTnited States — - 
more particularly in giving a precedent in the case of the admission of 
Missouri — a precedent which in future may be the means of depopulat- 
ing the vast wilds of Africa and rendering our boasted Land of Liberty 
preeminent only as a Alart for Human Flesh." 

As the anti-slavery movement gained momentum, anti-slavery socie- 
ties were organized here. Under the leadership of Rev. George Allen, 
then of Shrewsbury, but a resident of this town most of his life, a conven- 
tion of eighty ministers of the county was held here in 1838, and a dec- 
laration made against slavery. Two county societies were formed, the 
North and South Division Anti-Slavery Societies. The president of the 
South Society was Thomas W. Ward of .Shrewsbury; Edward Earle of 
this town was secretary; Samuel H. Colton, treasurer; and George 
Allen, corresponding secretary, both of Worcester. Ichabod Wash- 
burn and Jonathan P. Grosvenor of this town were among the officers. 
Effingham L. Capron of Worcester was subsequently president. More 
than two hundred members joined. 

Worcester claims two of the anti-slavery leaders of this period. 
Abby Kelley was born in Pelham, 1811, but came with her parents in 
infancy to this town. They were Quakers, and she was educated at 
the Friends' School in Providence, and for several years was a school 
teacher here. She resigned her place as teacher in Lynn in 1837 to 
lecture at anti-slavery meetings, and was the first woman to address 



AXD ITS PEOPLE 493 

mixed audiences in favor of abolition. For a quarter of a century she 
spoke and worked for the cause in all parts of the country. In ISio she 
married Stephen S. Foster, another distinguished anti-slavery apostle, 
and they continued to work together. Their later years were spent on 
Mr. F'oster's farm in Worcester. He died in 1881 ; she died January 
14, 1887. 

Protest Against Admitting Texas. — A convention held here May 6, 
1844, to protest against the admission of Texas on account of slavery there, 
was largely attended from all parts of the county. Hon. Isaac Davis was 
one of the vice-presidents; William O. Bartlett and William B. Max- 
well of this town were two of the secretaries ; Charles Allen of Wor- 
cester was on the committee on resolutions, and he reported for the com- 
mittee. The Spy declared his speech in presenting the resolutions which 
denounced the proposed admission of another slave state, as "the most 
successful effort of his life." Gov. Lincoln took part in the discussion. 
The resolutions were adopted unanimously. 

In the campaign of 1848 the "Conscience ^^'higs." led by Stephen C. 
Phillips, Charles Francis Adams, Charles Allen and Charles Sumner, 
made an effort to control the Whig party and oppose openly the aggres- 
sions of the slave power. The conservative element that feared such a 
course would weaken the party were called "Cotton \\'higs." 

The Whig caucus here September IS, 1S4T, to elect delegates to the 
State convention of September 29 of that year at Springfield, where 
delegates-at-large to the national convention to be held at Philadelphia, 
June 7, 1848, were elected, was in control of the Conscience Whigs, and 
Charles Allen presided. But the resolution offered by John Milton 
Earle declaring the party opposed to slavery extension caused much 
debate, and was finally laid on the table. Col. John W. Lincoln, Rejoice 
Newton, John C. B. Davis, all of whom were opposed to the admission 
of Texas, favored in the caucus the stand of the Cotton Whigs. The 
delegates from this town elected at a caucus April 22, 1848, met in the 
convention of the Fifth District April 27, to elect delegates to the 
national convention. Alexander H. Bullock, Henry Chapin, Edward 
W. Lincoln, John Milton Earle, George Hobbs and John Boyden were 
elected delegates. Charles x\llen defeated Mr. Bullock in the conven- 
tion, and was elected delegate. The resolutions on the subject of sla- 
very were emphatic. But in the national convention the issue was 
evaded. Taylor and Fillmore were nominated and no platform was 
adopted. 

When the result of the convention was manifest, Charles Allen arose 
to speak, amid cheers, hisses and loud outcries in favor of and against 
allowing him to proceed. He spoke for his State : "I express for myself 
what I believe to be the sentiments of that State (Mass.) and I say that 
we cannot consent that this shall go forth as the unanimous voice of this 
convention. The Whig party of the North are not to be allowed to nom- 



494 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

inate their statesman. We declare the Whig party of the Union this 
day dissolved." Henry Wilson of Natick, later vice-president, supported 
Mr. Allen. Other Massachusetts delegates declared that he spoke for 
only himself, not for the State. 

The Spy (at that' time called the Daily Transcript for a few months) 
reluctantly advised the Whigs to vote for the nominees. Then came 
the formation of the Republican ])arty in Worcester. Mr. Allen's state- 
ment in the convention was true. The Whig party began to disintegrate 
in the anti-slavery sections. 

Free Soil Party Organized Here. — Two calls for a convention 
appeared in parallel columns in the Spy, June 21, viz: "The citizens of 
Worcester and vicinity, opposed to the nomination of Taylor and Cass, 
are invited to meet at City Hall, Wednesday evening, June 21st, at 7.30, 
and make arrangements for the approaching convention to be held the 
28th inst. Hon. Charles Allen, a delegate to the late Philadelphia con- 
vention, has been invited, and has consented to address the convention. 
All friends of the proposed movement from neighboring towns are cor- 
dially invited to be present." Following was the notice of a mass meet- 
ing of Whigs, Democrats and liberty men from all parts of the common- 
wealth, without distinction of party, "to be held in the City Hall of Wor- 
cester on Thursday, June 28th, to unite in support of that sacred princi- 
ple which will be violated by the election of either Cass or Taylor — • 
freedom in free territory." Both notices were without signatures. 

In the other column was the notice of a meeting to ratify the nomi- 
nations of Taylor and Fillmore, to be held at the City Hall in Worcester, 
June 24th, signed by 150 of the leading Whigs of the city. The Daily 
Spy, which had hitherto led the Whig party in this section, advised all 
"to go and hear both sides, and then every man decide for himself, 
according to original principles, without reference to the course of 
others." 

The anti-Taylor meeting filled the City Hall. This meeting was 
called by H. H. Chamberlin and a half dozen associates who were in 
sympathy with Mr. Allen. "The great men of the city," writes Hon. 
W. W. Rice, "were not there, nor in sympathy with it. The press had 
not advocated it. The clergymen were cold. The merchants and pro- 
fessional men passed it by. But the men from the shops, who were 
really rulers of the city then, as they have been ever since, were there to 
express their sovereign will. They realized the importance of the crisis, 
and, disregarding the wishes and advice of those to whom they had been 
accustomed to trust the management of their political interests, they 
had resolved to take matters into their own hands and had come out to do 
their work themselves." Of all meetings ever held in that ancient and 
famous building, this was the most important and the most far-reaching 
in results. "That night witnessed the birth of the Free Soil Party, 



AND ITS PEOPLE 495 

which sprang full armed from the brain and will of Charles Allen, ready 
to do battle against Whigs, Democrats and all other opponents." 

The meeting was calletl to order by Oliver Harrington; Albert 
Tolman presided; William A. Wallace, of the Spy, was secretary. A 
committee consisting of C)liver Harrington, George W. Russell, Henry 
H. Chamberlin, Edward Southwick and Joseph Boyden, was appointed 
to nominate a coniniitlee of arrangements of 32 for the convention of 
the 2Sth. 

But the main l)usiness was to hear the report of Charles Allen, 
"The loud and continuous applause with which he was received by the 
assembled multitude indicated what was to Ije the verdict on his course. 
He was then in the prime of his manhood. He had broken away from 
the party which he had honored and which had honored him up to that 
time. He knew," says Mr. Rice, "that he stood aloof from Governors 
and Senators, and from the leading citizens of Worcester, with whom he 
had always acted, but his hand was ujion the heart of the Common- 
wealth, and its beatings responded firmly and truly to his touch. Until 
that night he had been a leading, but not indisputalily the leading mem- 
ber, of the county bar. He had filled many places of trust and always 
well, but many citizens of Worcester had filled higher as well. Others 
might equal or excel him in many respects, lint no man ever had a more 
fearless courage or sublinu-r self-reliance. He did not stop to ask who 
or how many were with him. He spoke his own sentiments and convic- 
tions, and in doing so he spoke for the great majority of his city and 
county." He admitted in his speech that he did not expect to be 
sustained so completely. He had confidence in the integrity of the peo- 
ple of his district, and knew that some time he should come out all right. 
The people of his district did not allow him to remain long in ignorance 
of their position. Where he was ready to lead, they were at once ready 
to follow. 

The Spy gave a good rejiort of the meeting and the full text of 
Mr. Allen's epoch-making speech. Mr. Rice says: 

It occupied nearly two hours in its delivery. In style it is a masterpiece. In 
its adaptation to the occasion of its delivery, in its power to produce the results 
desired by the speaker, it was scarcely, if ever, surpassed or equaled. He reviewed 
his life-long connection with the Whig party, and the action of the convention in 
which he was selected delegate of this district in the national convention. He refer- 
red to the resolutions of that convention as charging him to "vote for a candidate for 
President who should be in favor of preserving the territories of the United States 
free from the stain of Slavery." 

He said proudly and confidently : "1 believe gentlemen, it was a most deliberate 
and well considered act on the part of the District Convention, and I believe I was 
selected as the delegate because my sentiments were well known upon this subject. 
Had the convention intended to put forth principles upon which they did not mean to 
stand and abide, surely they would have sent some other man for they knew my 
opinions too well. They have been too imiform upon the subject to leave a doubt 
that I would carry out these sentiments to the letter and not only to the letter, but 



496 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

in their spirit." He reviewed the circumstances of Taylor's nomination. "We reject 
Gen. Taylor throughout the North and throughout the Free States. We reject him 
and mean to reject him at the polls, because he is not known to be a Whig, and 
because he is well understood to be hostile to the great principles of freedom." 

At the convention the Massachusetts delegates were interviewed to 
discover whether they would support Taylor, if he were nominated. Mr. 
Allen said his district would not, and he was told that Gov. Lincoln and 
other delegates thought otherwise. Writes Mr. Rice : 

"Am I right or was he?" No one present in that tmeeting will ever forget the 
proud and defiant face and form of Judge Allen as he uttered this challenge against 
the man who held the first place in the respect and regard of the citizens of Worcester, 
and who was then occupying its mayor's chair in the first year of its existence as a 
city, as the first and most popular citizen. 

No person present will forget the deafening shout with which the vast crowd 
endorsed the bold and self-reliant man who stood before them. Gathering boldness 
from his reception, he next referred to the great man who had so long been the 
leader and idol of the Whigs in Massachusetts, Daniel Webster. He declared that 
Mr. Webster had been opposed to the nomination of Gen. Taylor, and said : "He 
was right, he was earnest in his condemnation. May God grant, gentlemen, that he 
may continue so, and if His Providence prevented him from uttering sentiments which 
would do him no honor at Baltimore yesterday, may His Providence still watch 
over him. For I do not wish to see that strong man grinding in the prison-house of 
the Philistines." The immense applause showed that the mighty blow had stricken 
from its place the idol which so long had held the first place in the worship of that 
audience. 

Judge Allen took issue also with Governor Davis, who had commit- 
ted himself by letter to Taylor. "If Gov. Davis," Allen said, "denies that 
I have spoken the truth of him, I will prove it. If Governor Lincoln 
denies that I have spoken the trutli of him, I will prove it. Most of us 
have belonged to the Whig party. We have professed to be averse to 
the extension of slavery. The question is not here whether we would 
eradicate it where it exists, but we are opposed to its extension. Well, 
gentlemen, I did not eat my words at Philadelphia. Will you at the 
polls? When I declared the Whig party was dissolved, I declared a fact. 
The undertaker may preserve the corpse for a little time, but it will soon 
be offensive to the smell and sight and must be removed from the sight 
of the people." 

Though General Taylor was elected, that year marked the last Whig 
victory and the downfall of the party. Judge Allen appealed for the 
support of the Spy in his speech directly to its editor, John Milton Earle. 
He declared that the new movement must have newspapers. He asked 
Massachusetts to act, even if it acted alone, but announced that conven- 
tions would be held in other States. Henry Wilson, afterward vice- 
president, then made his first speech in this city. "Rough, awkward, 
enveloped from head to foot in a brown linen duster, he spoke a few elo- 
quent words in support of his case and that of Judge Allen." Then 



AND ITS PEOPLE 497 

came the resolution that made the meeting of national significance, 
offered by George Allen, brother of Judge Allen, adopted with great 
enthusiasm, viz: "Resolved, That Massachusetts goes now and will 
ever go for free soil and free men, for free lips and a free press, for a free 
land and a free world." The Free Soil Party was born that night in the 
City Hall. Judge Allen was the founder; George Allen gave the name 
and slogan to the new-born party. John P. Hale of New Hampshire, 
Salmon P. Chase of Ohio, and others, took similar action almost simul- 
taneously, as indicated in Judge Allen's speech, and Buffalo, Columbus 
and Boston have claimed the honor of being the birth-place of this party 
of high ideals. 

The first Free Soil convention was called by the Worcester com- 
mittee and organized here June 28 in the City Hall and adjourned to 
the Common. Samuel Hoar was president. The afternoon session was 
held in the grove on the present site of the Normal School. One of the 
first acts of the convention was a vote of thanks to Judge Allen and 
Henry Wilson. Both made speeches, and they were followed by leaders 
from all sections of the State. In the afternoon, Lewis D. Campbell of 
Ohio made an eloquent speech. The Allen resolution was incorporated 
in the platform. Men who soon afterward became distinguished, then 
unknown, were among the leaders and speakers that day. Besides the 
adoption of a platform, the convention selected a state central commit- 
tee. 

At the Whig meeting June 2i, Judge Ira M. Barton presided. The 
meeting was attended by many not in sympathy with its purposes. Gen. 
Lincoln spoke briefly, promising to make a statement later. Gen. Leslie 
Coombs of Kentucky made a witty and good-natured campaign speech. 
Col. Alexander H. Bullock read the resolutions pledging support to Tay- 
lor and the Whig party. 

The Free Soil Party in Worcester County. — Under the leadership 
of Alexander DeWitt of Oxford, of the Free Soil State Committee, meet- 
ings were held in all the towns of the county, and Freedom Clubs organ- 
ized. In Worcester, TOO joined at the first meeting, and Edward Hamil- 
ton was elected president; Charles White, afterward prominent in pub- 
lic aft'airs here, was on the executive committee. The speakers at the 
meetings of the Freedom Clubs were drawn from the lyceums of the 
county largely, but Judge Allen, Mr. DeWitt, and Amasa Walker, Dr. 
Darling, John W. Wetherell and William B. Maxwell of this city, spoke 
often. Charles Sumner delivered a great oration here November 4. It 
will be found in his published w^orks. 

The Whigs were active. Judge B. F. Thomas and Governor Bul- 
lock supported the old organization loyally. They brought Daniel Web- 
ster to this city, and he spoke in sujjport of Taylor at a meeting over 
which Governor Lincoln presided. During the meeting, the Free Soil- 
ers were holding a most enthusiastic torchlight parade, the greatest ever 
W.— 1-32. 



498 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

held in the city, and at their mass meeting in the Lincoln Square rail- 
road station Henry Chapin, afterward judge, made his first Free Soil 
speech. He had been chairman of the Whig county committee. He was 
elected mayor the following year. 

At the election, November 8, the new party had a great majority. 
Charles Allen for Congress received 1,489 votes ; Isaac Davis (Dem.) 
284; Charles Hudson (Whig) 589. Allen received in the district G,604 
votes against 4,308 for Hudson and 3,087 for Davis. As a majority was 
necessary, another election followed in January and Allen was elected. 
Of 50 Free Soil Representatives to the General Court elected at that time, 
20 were from this county. The vote in the county for the Free Soil 
national ticket was 8,654 against 5,990 for the Whig ticket. (See p. 
1658 Hurd's Hist, of Wor. Co.). 

The Settlement of Kansas. — Worcester took a leading part in saving 
Kansas from the slave power. In 1854 it became evident that Kansas 
and Nebraska would be allowed to determine for themselves whether 
slavery would be allowed there when they were admitted to the Union. 
Eli Thayer of this city, then head of the Oread Institute and a represen- 
tative from this city in the General Court, took the leadership in the 
movement to send to Kansas and Nebraska enough anti-slavery settlers 
to thwart the purposes of the slave power. He devised the plan which 
was successfully carried out. At a public meeting here March 11, 1854, 
he announced his plan, and offered to give a quarter of his time and earn- 
ings to carry out the plan. Mr. Thayer said of the reception he received : 
"If, instead of this impetuous, spontaneous and enthusiastic response, there 
had been only a moderate approbation of the plan, you would never have 
heard of the Emigrant Aid Company. The citizens of Worcester were 
sponsers at its baptism, and upon their judgment I implicitly relied, and 
I was not deceived." Mr. Thayer at once drafted a petition for the 
incorporation of the Massachusetts Emigrant Aid Company, and he told 
the legislative committee on the judiciary : "This is a plan to prevent 
the forming of any more Slave States. If you will give us the charter, 
there shall never be another Slave State admitted to the Union." There 
was no opposition to granting the charter. But the plan was changed, 
and another corporation was formed for the enterprise. The corporators 
appointed the following committee on organization and work : Eli 
Thayer, Alexander H. Bullock and Rev. Edward Everett Hale, of Wor- 
cester; Richard Hildreth and Otis Clapp of Boston. The three Worces- 
ter men, as a rule, conducted the business. 

The company arranged for the transportation of settlers, building 
of sawmills, and other necessities of new towns. Charles Robinson of 
Fitchburg went to Kansas to survey the country, and as early as May 
4 a meeting was called here to arrange for the first colony. Dr. Hale was 
in charge of the meeting, which was attended by more than a hundred 
men. His speech there was printed and widely circulated over the 



AND ITS PEOPLE 499 

Northern States. Other pamphlets followed. From that time meetings 
were held and sjjeeches made by the leaders throughout the county and 
State. At least a dozen of tlie large newspapers supported the move- 
ment, including the Boston Advertiser and New York Tribune. Dr. 
Hale wrote his book, "Kansas and Nebraska," in this cit\-, obtaining 
much material from the Antiquarian Library, and that book served a 
highly useful purpose in giving facts about the country to which men 
were asked to go and live for the sake of freedom. Dr. Hale wrote that 
he believed every settled clergyman of the county contributed not less 
than $'iO each. The first colony left Boston on July 17, and included many 
from Worcester, locating at Lawrence, Kansas ; their wives and children 
went in the second colony. Eli Thayer, Amos Lawrence and J. J\L S. 
Williams were trustees of the contributions and conducted the finances 
of the company until the organization of the New England Emigrant 
Aid Company, which was active for the next ten years or more. Mr. 
Williams, Mr. Lawrence and John Carter Brown, of Providence, led the 
original subsubscriptions by giving $10,000 each. 

Birth of the Republican Party Here. — At the People's Convention 
held in this city, a new party was organized and called the Republican 
party, July 20, 18.'34, and the organization in this State has continued 
from that time. Judge P. Emory Aldrich and P. W'. Taft of this city 
were members of the committee on resolutions, which reported among 
other planks the following: 

Resolved, That the unquestionable existence of a settled purpose on the part 
of the slave power to convert the Republic which our fathers founded on principles 
of justice and liberty into a slave-holding despotism whose vital and animating spirit 
shall be the preservation, propagation and perpetuation of slavery, calls for the imme- 
diate union of all true men into a party which shall make the question of freedom 
paramount to all other political questions. 

Resolved, That in co-operation with the friends of freedom in other States we 
hereby form ourselves into the Republican Party of Massachusetts, pledged to the 
accomplishment of the following purposes, among which were the repeal of the 
Fugitive Slave Law, the restoration of liberty to Kansas and Nebraska, prohibition 
of slavery in all the territories, refusal of admission of any more slave states into 
the Union. 

National Civic Federation. — The Worcester Branch of the Woman's 
Department, National Civic Federation, was organized in May, 1912. by 
Mrs. George Crompton, who is a member of the executive board of the 
New England Section of the Civic Federation. The Federation has done 
active work in Worcester since that time. 

The Vacation Savings Fund by means of which girls can save money 
in small sums, was opened in several factories by Mrs. George A. Slo- 
comb, and grew to have a membership of 550 girls. In the winter of 
1914-15, under the direction of Mrs. Alfred L. Aiken, work rooms were 
opened for unemployed women who- were paid to sew for war relief. 



500 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

In the fall of 1915, Mrs. Aiken also organized the surgical dressings 
course which is now affiliated with the American Red Cross. 

In February, 1916, a campaign was made under the leadership of 
Mrs. George A. Slocomb to raise $35,000 in order to endow a club house 
for working girls. The house, the gift of Mrs. Henry F. Harris, and the 
money, are now in the hands of a corporation of which Mrs. Lincoln N. 
Kinnicutt is president. The Girls Club is self-governed, and its activi- 
ties, which are many and varied, are paid for by the girls themselves. 
(See Girls Club). Miss Rice, the chairman of the lecture committee, 
has brought many fine speakers to Worcester, who have spoken on 
work that the Branch has been interested in. Among them have been 
John Graham Brooks, Thomas Mott Osborne, Mrs. Hodder of Sherborn 
Reformatory, Mrs. Ollesheimer of the National League of Women 
Workers, Dr. I. Ingle, and heads of Civic Federation committees from 
New York, Washington and Boston. 

The volunteer clerical corps is an organization of 275 trained busi- 
ness women, who pledge themselves to give two hours of service to their 
country every fortnight. They work evenings, and Saturday and Sun- 
day afternoons, in squads of ten, and since they were formed last May 
they have averaged nearly five hundred hours a month in civic, state 
and national work. Mrs. Henry J. Gross has charge of the corps. 

A food conservation committee, of which Mrs. George A. Gaskill is 
chairman, has worked with the Council for National Defense, the Wor- 
cester County Farm Bureau and with the Public Library Association. 

Mrs. Robert K. Shaw, who has been successful in the prison work of 
the Civic Federation, is now heading a committee on Americanization. 

Besides the work of its many committees, the Civic Federation has 
cooperated with many of the Worcester organizations, and stands ready 
to undertake special needs of the community. 

The officers in 1917 were : Mrs. George Crompton, chairman ; Miss 
Mary Thurston Rice, secretary ; Mrs. Alfred L. Aiken, chairman sur- 
gical dressing committee ; Miss Mary Barnard, Mrs. Chandler Bul- 
lock, Mrs. Randolph Crompton, Mrs. Homer Gage, Mrs. Henry J. Gross, 
chairman volunteer clerical corps ; Mrs. William Harrington, Mrs. Lin- 
coln N. Kinnicutt, vice-chairman, (Pres. Girls Club House Corporation) ; 
Mrs. George A. Gaskill, treasurer; Mrs. John W^ Higgins, Mrs. Lu- 
cius J. Knowles, chairman membership committee ; Mrs. Robert K. 
Shaw, Mrs. William Lord Smith, Mrs. Charles M. Thayer, chairman 
vacation committee; Miss Miriam F. WMtherspoon. 

Worcester Equal Franchise Club. — On December 12, 1912, a call was 
sent out for a meeting of all interested in Equal Suffrage, at the house 
of Mrs. William T. Forbes. This call was signed by the following Wor- 
cester women: Bertha B. Shaw, Myrtle Smith, Katherine Bartlett, 
Rachel Harris Johnson, Mary Norton Allen, Frances Taber, Katherine 
Forbes. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 501 

Mrs. Marion Booth Kelley of Boston made an address, after which 
a preliminary meeting was called for the formation of the Worcester 
Equal Franchise Club. Dr. Myrtle Smith was elected temporary chair- 
man, Mary Norton Allen temporary secretary. At the first regular Inis- 
iness meeting held in Vasa Hall, 18-1 Main street, January 13, 1913, 
by-laws were adopted and the following officers elected : President, Dr. 
Myrtle Smith; first vice-president, Miss Mary Allen; second vice-presi- 
dent. Miss Ellen Callahan; treasurer, Mrs. Emile Landry; correspond- 
ing secretary, Mrs. Herbert Johnson; recording secretary, Mrs. Hartley 
Bartlett; auditor. Miss Katherine Forbes. 

On April 14, 1913, the Worcester Equal Franchise Club joined the 
Massachusetts Woman's Suffrage Association. The same year the club 
also joined the State Federation of Woman's Clubs. The club 
has had several meeting places, the first year renting halls (G. A. R. 
and Chamber of Commerce Hall), the second year meeting at 35 Oxford 
street. In 1914, meetings were held in the Levana Club rooms; in 1915 
in various parts of the city: On Green street, Belmont street. Main and 
Chatham, Chandler street, and for the two months before the referendum 
of 1915 the club had headc:[uarters at 5'.i4 Main street. In I'JliJ the club 
hired two large rooms at 598 Main street and now has three handsome 
and centrally located rooms at 19 Pearl street. 

The Presidents of the club since its beginning are as follows: 1913- 
14, Dr. Myrtle Smith; 1914-15, Miss Camilla Whitcomb; 1915-16, Dr. 
Myrtle Smith; 1910-17, Mrs. Robert K. Shaw; 191T-18, Mrs. Robert 
K. Shaw. 

The club undertook the active work of making an educative cam- 
paign for suffrage before the referendum of 1915. A house to house 
canvass of voters was made. Public meetings were held with such dis- 
tinguished speakers as Dr. Anna Howard Shaw, Dr. Stanton Coit, Mrs. 
Maud Wood Park, and others. Stores were rented in all parts of the 
city for two weeks, from which neighborhood canvasses were made and 
in which meetings were held. Suffrage news has been furnished to 
both English and foreign newspapers. Two suffrage editions of the 
Worcester Evening Post were prepared and edited. On the evening of 
October 30, 1915, a parade of 800 suffragists carrying banners and lighted 
Japanese lanterns marched through the Worcester streets, ending at 
Mechanics Hall, where a suft'rage rally was held which filled the hail to 
overflowing. Mrs. George A. Slocomb presided, and the speakers were 
Senator Borah of Idaho, and Roger Sherman Hoar of Concord, Massa- 
chusetts. 

Since 1915 the club has gone on with its educational work, taking 
an active part in the campaign for the Susan B. Anthony Federal Amend- 
ment. Early in 1917 the club offered its services to the Worcester 
County Farm Bureau for food conservation work. Twenty members of 
the club were trained as teachers, and during the spring and summer of 



502 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

1917 these twenty women organized ten classes which were held in the 
kitchens of the school houses where lessons in canning and economical 
cooking were taught. These club members were found so well adapted 
to this important war work that the club has continued and enlarged its 
service in war cooking demonstrations. 

At the time of this writing, February, 1918, the suffrage amendment 
has passed the National House and is before the Senate. When it has 
passed the Senate the Worcester club, as a part of the Massachusetts 
W'oman's Suffrage Association, will do its share in bringing the question 
before the State Legislature, and the long struggle for political equality 
will be finished. 

Woman's Suffrage League. — The Worcester W'oman's Suffrage 
League, non-partisan, was organized October 4, 1886, at the home of 
Mr. J. A. Howland. Among the members were Mrs. Mary C. Harris, Miss 
Sarah E. Wall, Mrs. A. H. Briggs, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph A. Howland, 
Mrs. M. A. Wheelock, Mr. Franklin Whipple, Rev. Samuel May, Miss 
Sarah Henshaw, Miss Sarah Earle, Mrs. Kate C. Taft, and about fifty 
more. The constitution has been revised and adojited twice, once in 
1891 and again in 1905. 

The officers first elected were: President, ]\Irs. Mary C. Harris; 
Vice-President, Joseph A. Howland; Secretary, Emily P. S. Mooar; 
Treasurer, Miss Sarah A. Henshaw. Mrs. Harris resigned as president 
in 1888, and was succeeded by Mrs. J. F. Tracy, who in less than a 
year resigned, and was succeeded by Miss Sarah A. Henshaw, who with 
the exception of a few months was in office until her death in April, 
1902. Miss Henshaw was succeeded by 'Mrs. Edwin H. Marble, who 
was president until June, 191T. 

The membership fee was at first twenty-five cents, but was after- 
ward raised to fiftj- cents. Regular meetings were held at the homes of 
the members and such has been the general rule, though for one year 
the meetings were held in the parlors of All Souls' Church and another 
year in the W. C. T. U. rooms and at 915 Slater building. The first 
public meeting was held in Curtis Hall, January 3, 1889 ; speakers : 
Henrj' B. Blackwell and Lucy Stone his wife of Boston, and Rev. Dr. 
D. O. Mears and Hon. A. S. Roe of Worcester. 

The League for twenty-five years sent the Woman's Journal, the 
official organ of the State and national organization, to the Y. W. C. 
A., the Y. M. C. A., and for a number of years to the Classical and Eng- 
lish high schools, and the State Normal School. 

A red letter day in the annals of the League was the Woman's 
Day at the New England Fair in 1892, the most successful meeting for 
suffrage since the convention held in Brinley Hall in 1850. 

The Massachusetts State Suffrage Association held its annual meet- 
ing with the League in October, 1907, in Trinity Church. 

The League has at all times been a generous contributor to the state 



AND ITS PEOPLE 503 

association, meriting Miss Alice Stone Blackwell's tribute, "you are 
faithful workers and among the most liberal contributors to the state 
work and always prompt in payment." 

The League worked hard for the passage of the amendment in 1915, 
almost all the members doing house to house canvassing. 

Owing to a change in the state management which gave the League 
no official recognition, and because many of the members were too old 
fur active work in the cause, the League at its annual meeting in June, 
1917, voted to disband and turn over the money in its treasury to the 
state board. The officers of the League at the time of dissolution were 
Mrs. Emma C. Marble, president; Mrs. E. J. W. Lothrop, first vice- 
president; Mrs. J. J. Brennan, second vice-president; Mrs. Mabel M. 
Cummings, secretary; Mrs. Hannah Smith, assistant secretary; Mrs. 
Mary LaPorte, treasurer; Mrs. Abbie E. Howland, auditor; executive 
committee, — president, secretary, treasurer, Mrs. J. J. Brennan and Miss 
Carrie Chaffin. 

Constitutional Conventions. — The delegates from this town to the 
convention that framed the Constitution of the Commonwealth in 1780 
were Hon. Levi Lincoln, Sr., Hon. Joseph Allen, and Dea. David Bigelow. 

The delegates to the second State Constitutional Convention were 
Governor Levi Lincoln Jr., Dr. Abraham Lincoln, and Judge Edward 
Bangs. 

The delegates to the Third State Constitutional Convention were 
Hon. Charles Allen, Hon. Isaac Davis, Hon. John S. C. Knowlton, Hon. 
John Milton Earle and Hon. Henry Chapin. 

The delegates to the Fourth State Constitutional Convention are : 
Senator Clarence W. Hobbs, S. Hamilton Coe, tlie veteran clerk of the 
common council; Hon. James Logan, former mayor; Hon. Charles G. 
Washburn, former congressman; Prof. Zelotes W. Coombs, of the 
Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Charles T. Tatman, former represen- 
tative ; Frank F. Dresser, attorney ; Carl G. Larson, Mark N. Skerrett, 
former representative ; Daniel J. Marshall; Josiah B. Shattuck; Francij 
P. McKeon; Charles R. Johnson, former chairman of the school com- 
mittee; George F. Brooks, former president of the board of aldermen. 
Ten of the fourteen are Republicans. Whereas in the other conventions 
the delegates were mostly lawyers, but half of this delegation are mem- 
bers of the bar. 



CHAPTER XXVII 
Liquor Licenses and the Liquor Problem 

The early settlers began to make rum as soon as they had fairly 
landed here, and got a supply of molasses from the West Indies, and 
they doubtless brought rum in every vessel that came to New England. 
As soon as the apple trees furnished a crop, nearly every farm built 
a cider mill. The farmers of 16.50 and 1T50 and 1800 drank rum and 
cider, and among the early settlers were malsters. One of the first 
industries of the city was a malt house.. 

There was little regard paid to occasional excesses. The temper- 
ance movement, especially the total abstinence idea, came after 1800. 
But it got strong enough hold of this city to cause a dry season in 
1835. Christopher Columbus Baldwin writes in his diary April 1, 1835: 

This is a day of t.xcitement. ."Xt the Marcli tnwn meeting, a vote was carried by 
the town to instruct the selectmen not to approbate any innholders for licenses to 
retail ardent spirits. This comes of the temperance reform, and is now the subject 
of deep interest. Tlie town is divided into three parties, viz : the rigid advocates of 
temperance, the friends of the retailers, and the neutrals who will not belong to 
either party. Our innholders find themselves closely pressed by the vote of the town 
and have had a caucus, at which they determined that they would not take out 
licenses for any purposes, hut would take down their signs and close their houses on 
the 1st of April. Accordingly, this morning, the signs of all the taverns, except the 
Temperance House, nine in number, were taken down and the houses shut against 
travellers. I saw several ladies sitting in the portico of one of the houses, who 
had arrived in a stage ; there were many gentlemen in the same plight. But none 
of them were permitted to enter the house. A table was set on the portico with sev- 
eral decanters filled with cold water set upon it, which I took to be an emblem of 
temperance. The travellers looked cross, and the dear ladies in particular. The 
public sympathy was such as to justify the tavern keepers and this enraged the 
temperance party. 

April 6, 1835. — The town is now more full of excitement than has been known 
since 1812. There is a strong disposition to bring temperance into politics. . . . 
Wherever two men are seen together the subject of conversation is temperance. In 
many instances they have become so furious as to almost come to blows. ... In 
this respect the friends of temperance are as intemperate as their opponents. Every- 
body is getting mad, and what is cause of especial madness with me is that I am 
already as mad as the maddest. 

He starts to tell of two fights, but gives only the names of the com- 
batants — Jesse W. Goodrich, George Folsom, Daniel W. Lincoln, all 
attorneys at law, and Levi Lincoln Jun., midshipman in the U S. Navy, 
but he fails to tell which sides the men took. 

Under the present license system of local option, the city has voted 
no-license a few times. The laws were enforced, drunkenness dimin- 



5o6 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

ished, and crimes of violence lessened. The ^-ears 1890, 1893 and 1908 
and 1909 were no-licen^ periods. The temperance forces made extra- 
ordinary efforts to carry the city for no-license on these occasions as 
well as many others when they failed. It is likely that political feeling 
or jealousy in the license camp aided in the success of the temperance 
party. At the last successful no-license campaign, Orlando W. Nor- 
cross was chairman of the campaign committee, and Richard D. Murphy 
secretary. A personal canvass and appeal to every voter in the city 
was made by volunteer workers who favored no-license. 

After two years of no-license, the voters by a large majority decided 
to go back to license. The many reforms made by the new license com- 
missioners, headed by Reginald Washburn, and continued and enlarged 
by later commissions, have made Worcester one of the cleanest license 
cities in the country, and the license majorities have been large ever 
since. 

The Liquor Laws. — At the very beginning of the settlement of 
New England, legislation was necessary to restrict or prohibit the sale 
of liquor to the In'dians. Liquor was retailed by the taverns, which 
had to have licenses from the General Court. Subsequently the tavern 
licenses were granted by the county courts. 

The first liquor license in Worcester was granted to Thomas Brown 
for his tavern at Quinsigamond, December 15, 1674. In the second 
settlement, Nathaniel Henchman vi^as licensed in 1684. The liquor sold 
in the taverns of the province caused most of the criminal business for 
the provincial constables and other peace officers. 

When the prohibitory law was passed in 1855, Worcester was a 
city, and the police had a hard time in keeping the saloons closed. Just 
when the saloon took over the major part of the liquor business is not 
known, for the process of converting taverns into saloons was gradual; 
even now hotels are often barrooms with lodgings, and some saloons 
have excellent restaurants. During Mayor Chapin's administration a 
weekly publication entitled Liberty of the Press was issued here in 
behalf of the liquor interests, by Peter Johnson, edited by Jubal Har- 
rington. An attempt was made May 3, 1855, to blow up the office of 
Mayor Chapin, and on May 6 the residence of Assistant Marshal Frederic 
Warren, who had been active in suppressing illegal liquor selling. Har- 
rington, who was blamed for the outrages, left the city. 

Licenses for the sale of liquor were originally granted by the board 
of aldermen. This method became so unsatisfactory, owing to its close 
connection with party politics, that in 1893 a new charter was granted by 
the legislature and accepted by the voters, which provided that all liquor 
licenses should be granted by a board of license commissioners of three 
citizens appointed annually by the mayor. General Josiah Pickett was 
the first chairman, and held that office for eight years. After his retire- 
ment from office, the liquor question again entered largely into city 



AND ITS PEOPLE 507 

politics, inasnuich as each mayor liad the power to ap])oint an entirely 
new board, and one of the chief issues of each campaign was the per- 
sonnel of the license commission. Each change of administration 
brought about the appointment of an entirely new board, or if one mem- 
ber was retained, the party control of the board was changed. Politics 
again was too large a factor in the granting of licenses, and necessarily 
the administration of the law became weak. The loose enforcement of 
law and the constant interference of the liquor interests in city politics 
produced a reaction in 1907, when the city elected James Logan mayor, 
and declared for no-license by a large majority. This vote was repeated 
in 1908. In 1909 the city returned to license, and has remained so since 
by large majorities. Many reforms were instituted by Mayor Logan's 
license commission during the two years they held office, and these have 
contributed much to the strength of the license vote. 

However, the fact that the mayor had power to appoint an entirely 
new commission each year still kept the question active in elections. Fin- 
ally a change in the charter was made by the legislature and accepted by 
the city council in 1914, under which the terms of the commissioners were 
made four years each. Since then the question of appointments to the com- 
mission has not entered into city elections, and the whole administration 
of the liquor laws has been removed from politics. The numlier of 
liquor licenses January 1, 1918, was about one to every twelve hundred 
population, the number having been kept the same since 1912. There 
has been no change in the membership of the commission since March, 
1913. 

The following have been the License Commissioners since adoption 
of Charter of 1893: 

Gen. Josiali Pickett, 1894-1901, chairman. Warren C. Jewett, 1908-1909, chairman. 

M. V. B. Jefferson, 1894-1900. James P. Higgins, 1908-1909. 

Francis Plunkett, 1894-1895. John F. Kyes, 1908-1909. 

Matthew B. Lamb, 1896-1897. Reginald Washburn, 1910-1911, chairman. 

James Early, 1898-1901. W. Levi Bousquet, 1910-1911. 

Enoch Earle, 1901. James F. Carberry, 1910-1911. 

J. Lewis Ellsworth, 1902-1903, chairman. Wm. I. McLoughlin, 1912, chairman. 

Lucius L. Brigham, 1902. Moses D. Oilman, I9i2.- 

M. J. McCafferty, 1902-1903. Camille S. Trahan, 1912, resigned after 

Cephas N. Walker, 1903. one month. 

John R. Back, 1904-1905, chairman. Elmer C. Potter, 1913^ — •, chairman, term 

John S. Baldwin, 1904. expires Jan. i, 1922. 

James F. Carberry, 1904-1907, chairman E. Walter Smith, 1913 , term expires 

1906-07. Jan. I, 1921. 

Moses D. Oilman, 1905-1907. H. Oscar Roclieleau, 1913 , term ex- 
Mark F. Cosgrove, 1906-1907. pires Jan. i, 1920. 

Liquor licenses granted during year beginning May 1st, 1917: 

IS 1st Class Innholders at $2,250 $33,750 00 

89 1st Class Common Victualers at $1,500 133,500 00 



5o8 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

40 Fourth Class at $2,000 80,000 00 

2 Fifth Class (Brewers) at $3,500 7,00000 

52 Sixth Class (Druggists) at $1 52 00 

4 Seventh Class (Alcohol) at $1 4 00 

II Special Club Licenses at $500 S>Soo 00 

$259,806 00 
One-fourth fees to Commonwealth 64,951 50 

Net revenue $194,854 50 



CHAPTER XXVIII 



Population — Wealth — Valuation — Debt — Taxes 

The Wealth of Worcester. — The Assessors' Valuation of Worcester, April I, 1917. 
Real estate, $154,784,950; personal estate, $31,460,006; total, $186,244,956. Rate of 
taxation per $1,000 — City tax, $16.74; county tax, $1.00; State tax, $2.26 — Total, 
$20.00. Valuation of property exempt from taxation, 1917, $10,183,750. Tax levy. 
State tax, in 1917, $420,656.06; county tax, $186,869.00; city tax, $3,479,427.58; over- 
layings, $32,022.00; total tax in 1917, $4,118,974.64. Male polls in 1917, 53,848; regis- 
tered male voters, 27,692 ; number voting at city election, 18,204. Women voters for 
school committee registered in 1917, 1,516; number voting, 63. Dvi^ellings in Wor- 
cester, Dec. I, 1917, 17,334. Area of Worcester, 38.49 square miles, or 24,634 acres. 
Building permits issued in 917: For new buildings, 973 (brick, stone and concrete, 
173. wood, 800) for alterations, 732. Total, 1,705. 



Schedule of City Property — November 30, 1917 



City Engineer's Dept., Per- 
sonal property 

City Hall, real estate 

Furniture, fixtures, etc.... 

City Hospital, real estate.. 

Nurses' Home, Thomas 

House and Chandler St. 

Home 

Furniture and instru- 
ments 

City Messenger Dept, of- 
fice supplies 

City scales 

Convenience stations 

Fire Department, real es- 
tate 

Personal property 

Health Dept., laboratory, 
fixtures, auto and ambu- 
lances 

Laboratory, milk inspec- 

spection 

Belmont Hospital 

Pest house 

Bath houses 

Incinerator, Albany St.... 
Hope Cemetery, personal 

property 

Real estate 

Inspection and Construction 
of Buildings Dept, per- 
sonal property 

Flag poles 

Votin.g booths 

Workshop and storehouse 

Rifle range 

Law Department 

Overseers of Poor Dept, real 

estate 

Personal property 

Park Commission, personal 

property 

Real estate 

Moth and Beetle Account 

Police Dept., real estate... 

Central District Court.... 



$3,803 

650,000 

57.012 

731.211 


50 
00 
86 
58 


71,730 


27 


69,735 


37 


700 

1,900 

14.000 


54 
00 
00 


426,825 80 
281,600 00 



1,800 00 



2,100 

306.27s 

5,300 

22,251 

20,514 


00 
00 
00 

18 

02 


5.079 70 
31,300 00 


11.323 
800 


73 
00 


2,740 

25,887 
32.248 

775 


00 
00 
32 

00 


216,356 
93.154 


00 
80 


25.358 II 

86.853 00 

5.567 47 

260,485 78 

42,575 00 



Personal property 

Public Library Dept., real 

estate 

Personal property 

Public Playgrounds, real 

estate 

Personal property 

School Dept., books, sup- 
plies, etc 

.School furniture and jani- 
tor's supplies 

Schoolhouses 

Independent Industrial 

Schools, estate 

Power plant and equip- 
ment 

Equipment and stock on 

hand (girls') 

Sealer of Weights and 

Measures Dept 

Sewer Dept., system in gen- 
eral 

Shop and stock yard, real 

estate 

Personal property 

Purification works 

Sewer Dept, pumping sta- 
tions 

Beaver Brook, improve- 
ment 

Middle River, improve- 
ment 

Street Dept., real estate.... 

Personal property 

Street Lighting Dept, real 

estate 

Buildings, tanks and 

lamps 

Supervision of Wires Dept. 

Water Dept, real estate.... 

Reservoirs, gate houses 

and land 

Pipe system 

.A.snebumskit development 
Personal property 



47,781 10 

251,935 00 
185.000 00 

173,924 25 
6,667 78 

138,125 00 

197,638 34 
4,364,766 61 

249,489 45 

87,597 55 
8,250 00 

1.399 31 
5,825,727 97 

49,512 2S 

63,494 26 

1,028,970 18 

30,738 33 

191,066 52 

30,083 29 

162,386 93 

99.722 80 

3.137 15 

9.435 39 

997 00 

101,584 50 

2,550.000 00 

3,068,959 22 

1,471,590 10 

274,107 58 



510 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Stock and tools, Asnebum- 
skit 

Stock and tools, Kettle 
Brook 

Stock and tools, Holden.. 

Stock and tools, Parsons' 
reservoir 

Stock and tools, Lynde 
Brook 

Metropolitan pipe line and 
pumping plant 

Eagle Lake, pumps and in- 
takes 

Coes Reservoir, pumping 
plant 

Kendell Wells, pumps, en- 
gines, etc 



Public Parks — Boynton Park, 113 acres; 
53,859 16 Brooks St. land, .175 acre; Burncoat 



195 75 
899 30 

160 50 

65 00 

9,021 00 

500 00 
1,500 00 
1,000 00 



Total $24,428,552 60 

Spare Lands — Ballard St., 1.95 acres ; 
Mower St., 1.49 acres; North Pond (In- 
dian Lake) 37/i24ths acres. 



Park, 41.51 acres; Chandler Hill Park, 
80.34 acres ; The Common, 4.8 acres ; 
Cronipton Park, 15.25 acres; Dodge Park, 
13 acres ; Elm Park, 88 acres ; Fairmount 
Square, .95 acre; Grant Square, 1.55 
acres ; Green Hill Park, 500 acres ; Had- 
vven Park, 50 acres ; Institute Park, 25.44 
acres; Lake Park, no, acres; Middle 
River Park, 8.1 acres ; North Shore Res- 
ervation, 5.95 acres; Salisbury Park, 
ig.99 acres; University Park, 14 acres. 
Total, 1,092.055 acres; not appraised. 

Public Playgrounds — Beaver Brook 
Playground, 15.49 acres; Greenwood 
Park Playground, 15.2 acres ; Kendrick 
Field Playground, 14.87 acres ; South 
Worcester Playground, 4.54 acres;. Tat- 
nuck Playground, 2.94 acres ; Vernon 
Hill Playground, 16.43 acres. Total, 69.47 



Trust Funds 
The following is the statement December ], 1917: 



Bullock High 
School Fund.. $2,764 

Hope Cemetery 

Fund 205,415 

Green Library 
Fund 65,045 

Isaac Davis Hos- 
pital Fund . . . 5,000 

Jaques Hospital 
Fund 192,833 

Curtis Hospital 
Fund 1,000 

Shaw Hospital 
Fund 2,000 

Tenney Hospital 

Fund 5,000 

Salisbury Hos- 
pital Fund . . . 5,500 

Bancroft Schol- 
arship Fund . . 10,587 

Sargent Hospital 

Fund 500 

Dewey Charity 

Fund 2,000 

Librarian Fund. 11,533 

Conant Hospital 

Fund 1,500 



1718 
1722 
1765 
1775 
1790 
1800 
1810 
1820 
1830 
1840 



Stoddard Hospit- 
21 al Fund 5,117 90 

Partridge Hos- 
00 pital Fund 1,50000 

Mclntire Hospit- 
78 al Fund 5, 150 00 

Walker Hospital 
00 Fund 1,000 00 

Barnard Hospit- 
31 al Fund 1,500 00 

Reading Room 
00 Fund 9,180 94 

Henry W. Brown 
00 Fund 193 65 

Wilson Hospital 
GO Fund 6,500 00 

Burnside Hospit- 
00 al Fund 3,000 00 

Burnside Drink- 
86 ing Fountain 

Fund 270 38 

00 Jerome Wheelock 

Fund 184 45 

00 Thayer Hospital 

97 Fund 19,694 50 

Thayer Nurses' 
00 Home Fund . . 9.847 25 

Population 

200( ?) 1850 



Richardson Park 






Fund 


221,614 


64 


Geo. F. Hoar 






Memorial Stat- 






ue Fund 


176 


05 


Pratt Drinking 






Fountain Fd. . 


1,175 


67 


Farnum Hospit- 






al Fund 


430 


35 


Sheedy Library 






Fund 


112 


00 


H e i n s h eimer 






Hospital Fund 


1,000 


00 


Edward Livings- 






ton Davis Tow- 






er and Park 






Fund 


5.050 


98 


H. D. Brown 






Hospital Fund 


8,000 


00 


Henry F. Harris 






Hospital Fund 


5.000 


00 


Lucy W. Rice 






Hospital Fund 


5.000 


00 


Wolfe Hospital 






Fund 


5,851 


26 



200(?) 

1,475 
1,925 
2,095 
2,411 
2,577 
2,962 
4,172 
7,497 



i860 
1870 
1880 
1890 
1900 
1910 

1915 
1916 
1917 



Total $827,230 15 



17,049 
24.960 

41,105 
50,291 

84,655 
118,421 
145,986 
162,697 

178,347 
187,492 



.(water census) 
. (water census) 



CHAPTER XXIX 
King Philip's War 

The first settlement of the town at Quinsigamond was a promising 
village when King Philip's War broke out. Very soon it was abandoned, 
like all the other frontier villages. Hence the history of Worcester in 
this war is necessarily meagre. In the biographies of men who had 
to do with the foundation of the village at Quinsigamond will be 
described their part in the conflict ; in the chapter relating to the his- 
tory of the Indians of Worcester, further reference to the war may be 
found. 

As early as July, 1675, King Philip was at Pakachoag Hill, where the 
Nipmucks lived, and was accompanied westward by Sagamore John, of 
the Worcester tribe, who participated in the attack on Quaboag (Brook- 
field). He was forced by Philip to join him. Many of the Pakachoag 
braves were with him. Ephraim Curtis, then of Sudbury, but later of 
Worcester, distinguished himself in the fighting at Brookfield, and alone 
made the perilous journey to Boston to carry to the Council the news 
of the battle and the desperate situation of the defenders of Brookfield. 
Lt. Phinehas Upham, another of the early settlers of this town, com- 
manding a force of 100 men in September, 1675, marched into the Nip- 
muck country, and destroyed the crops and dwellings of the Indians. 

In November, Capt. Sill with two companies marched to Grafton and 
thence to Pakachoag, ''where was plenty of good Indian corn," but no 
Indians. The force took up their quarters here in two wig^vams. After 
marching two miles next morning toward Grafton, Capt. Henchman 
missed his letter case in which were his orders, and sent back two Eng- 
lishmen and the Indian Thomas on horseback to find his papers. When 
they reached the hill, two Indians were discerned outside one of the 
wigwams, and four others inside. One of them aimed at Indian Thomas 
but the gun missed fire. Thomas called loudly for his force to surround 
the wigwam, and the Indians, deceived by his command, thinking the 
party had returned, took to their heels. During the absence of the three 
men. Henchman found his letter case. The three men hastily rejoined 
their command, having but one pistol as a means of defence. 

The buildings at Quinsigamond were destroyed by the Indians, Dec. 
2, 167.3, according to Mather. Three of the Pakachoag Indians were 
executed in Boston for taking part in the burning of the house of Thomas 
Eames in Framingham, Feb. 1, 1675. Doubtless other Indians from this 
town took part in the attack on Lancaster b}- the Nipmucks, Feb. 10, 
1675, when Mrs. Rowlandson and others were captured and many slain. 

During the war, from time to time parties were stationed at Quinsig- 



512 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

amond to await reinforcements or watch the operations of the Indians. 
In April, 1676, Capt. Henchman's command consisting of several com- 
panies paused at Pakachoag, finding that Philip and his forces had left 
there several days previously. 

Sagamore John surrendered about July, 16T6, to make terms for his 
men, in response to a proclamation offering pardon to those who gave 
themselves up, and he brought 180 followers to Boston, July 27. As a 
peace offering he had seized Mattonus, who had shed the first blood of 
the war at Mendon, and his son Nehemiah, both probably born in Paka- 
choag, and had brought them bound with cords to be delivered to the 
English authorities. Mattonus was tied to a tree on Boston Common 
and shot by his own countrymen, his head cut off, and placed on a pole 
opposite that of his son, who formerly suffered on the same spot on the 
charge of murder in 1671. Sagamore John, with nineteen of those who 
surrendered with him, were placed in charge of Capt. Thomas Prentice 
of Cambridge, but during the winter they escaped. The treatment of the 
Indian captives was discreditable. Some were executed ; some sold for 
slaves; the remainder confined on Deer Island, Boston, without suita- 
ble food or shelter, and many died. 

The death of Philip, Aug. 13, 1676, brought the war to an end. The 
Indians of Worcester were almost exterminated during the war. (Ref 
Lincoln p. 21; See Gookin in Early Settlers in this work). 



CHAPTER XXX 

French and Indian Wars 

In 1723 peace was broken by hostilities with the eastern Indians in 
what was afterward known as Lovell's War. The alarm spread through 
New England and every town took measures for defence. Maj. John 
Chandler commanded a company of scouts in which were five men 
from this town. John Gray and Robert Crawford of Worcester were 
stationed in the Leicester garrison ; Ejihraim Roper and James Knapp 
served in an independent company connnanded l)y Sergt. Benjamin 
Flagg, who had charge of the garrison here. 

the Indians having made their appearance in the vicinity, the inhabitants 
petitioned the government for succor. The following letter was addressed 
to Gov. Dummer, April 30, 1T'2.j: 

To his Honor the Lt. Governor : With all dutiful respect, these are to acquaint 
your honor, that news hath just now come unto us of two companies of Indians dis- 
covered between us and Wacliuset ; and whereas, wc the last summer labored under 
great difficulties, and hardships severe to be borne, by reason of the war with the 
Indian enemy, not being able to raise corn so much as was needful, or to procure 
sufficiency of other provision, so as it was rendered very difficult to subsist ourselves 
and families : and, we apprehend that without your honor's pleased to afford us some 
relief in our present distressed state, by strengthening our hands, that the corn 
cannot be planted, the earth tilled, the harvests gathered, or food provided, and that 
the settlements in the town will be entirely broken up: wherefore, we humbly entreat 
your honor, that if it may be, we may have some speedy assistance of soldiers, to 
defend us and scout the woods. Our numbers are but small, and many disheartened 
by reason of the exposed situation of the town. We are the more earnest in our 
entreaty for the present relief, as it was so late last summer before we had soldiers 
that we are exceeding behind with our needful business. 

Craving j'our thoughtfulness of these matters, we are in all gratitude and respect 
your humble petitioners, 

Nath.^niel Moore, Benjamin Flagg, jk. 
Moses Leon.ard, James Holden, 
James McLellan, Selectmen. 

The following letter from Capt. Samuel Wright to Col. Chandler,^ 
May 24, 1725, shows that the request was complied with, although not 
until after some delay : 

Honored Sir : These are to inform your honor that I have received the men from 
your regiment for Worcester. Though some, at least two, not so able and effective 
as I could be glad they were, viz : Ebenezer White and John Field, both from Capt. 
Thayer of Mendon, who are not able to travel. His honor's the Lt. Governor's order 
to me was, that I should put suitable officers over the men, and that they should 



^American Antiquarian 'Society's Manuscripts. 
W.-I-33. 



514 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

scout and guard. But inasmuch as my orders are not so clear as that I dare venture 
to put one of the inhabitants officer over them, I have left them under the care and 
conduct of Capt. Pond's son at present : but inasmuch as he, nor any of the men, 
have not any knowledge of the woods, so are not like to do much service in scouting, 
unless there be an inhabitant put an officer over them, I desire therefore you would 
get his honor's leave to put Moses Rice and Benjamin Flagg to be the officer over 
them alternately, when one comes in, the other to go out, to have but one man's pay: 
which will be likely to have the duty better performed, and is the mind of the town. 
. . . Your honor's very humble and dutiful servant, 

Samuel Wright. 

Another letter from Capt. Wright, sent from Worcester by Moses 
Rice, and dated in May, 1725, is too curious to be omitted: 

May it please your honor : I give your honor thanks for care of us in sending 
a new recruit of twelve men. Your honor's directions were, to scout, but at present 
we have business. The Indians are among us, and have discovered themselves sev- 
eral times, and we have had several pursuits after them, and have been very vigilant 
in prosecuting all methods to come up with them by watching and ranging the swamps 
and lurking places, and by watching a nights in private places without the garrisons: 
but they are so much like wolves that we cannot yet surprise them, but hope we shall 
by some means trepan them. We have now taken a method to hunt them with dogs, 
and have started them out of their thickets twice, and see them run out, but at such 
a distance we could not come at them. Having an opportunity, thought it my duty 
to acquaint your honor with it : but having but a minutes time to write could but 
only give you an account in short, and remain your honor's dutiful and obliged 
servant, 

S.\MUKL Wrioht. 

The selectmen made another appeal for relief May, 1725 (Blake 
p. 32). 

An incident which occurred during the period of their service is 
related in a letter, July 17, 1725, from Benjamin Flagg: 

Honored Sir: These are to inform you that we this day went out as a guard 
to those that worked in the meadow to gather in their hay, of fourteen men, with 
those that worked, who wrought in two or three places near to one another. As we 
scouted the swamps round the meadow, we did discover Indian tracks, in the morning, 
in the swamp by the meadow side, which made us very strict upon our guard, but 
made not any more discovery until the middle of the day, we sat to eat victuals upon 
a knoll where we thought we might be safe ; but while we were eating, a dog that was 
with us barked and ran out from us. I immediately sent three men to discover, who 
ran, and immediately we heard a running among the brush: which was Indians, who 
had crawled up the brush to make a shot at us. We ran so fast upon them that the 
grass rose up under their tracks, but could not see them, the brush being so thick. We 
pursued them where we heard them whistle one to another in the thicket, but they 
scattered and scampered so we could not find them : but found where they had sat 
down and just gone. We pursued on after the enemy: but it is as easy to find a 
needle in a wood, as find them when scattered. So we returned. This I have thought 
meet to acquaint your honor of, and so I remain, your honor's humble and obliged 
servant. These with care and speed. 

Benj.^min Fi..\c.g. 



AND ITS PEOPLIi 515 

The War of 1745. — Worcester sent some soldiers in the army of Sir 
William l'e]iperell fur the conquest of Cape Breton. Benjamin Gleiisnn 
died before the walls of I-(iuisburg in lT4.j ; Adonijah Rice, the first child 
born in Worcester, served in a company of rangers at the siege. .\n 
alarm in 174(5 called every man to arms. The express from Gov. Shirley 
arrived during a town meeting here, Sepit. 'i\]. and before sunset the 
whole military force of the town was under arms with a week's pro- 
visions, but a second messenger arrived to countermand the orders to 
inarch. 

There were Worcester men in the garrison of Ft. Massachusetts at 
Williamstown in ITKi, and the following credited to this town, were 
stationed there in 1T4T : .\braham Bass, William McClellan, Silas Pratt, 
Abner Roberts, John Crawford, Samuel Brewer, Abraham Peck and 
Hezekiah W'ard. In 1748 a company of fifty-three from this town under 
Major Daniel Heywood took part in the campaign against the Indians. 
The enemy was driven out of the country without a fight. 

In this section of the country the next few years were compara- 
tively quiet. In 11.")4 thirteen Worcester men were in the service under 
Capt. John Johnson at Forts Western and Halifax, on the Kennebec 
river. 

In May, 17.55, it aijjjcars from the returns of Gen. John Winslow 
that seventeen men from this town were serving in Nova Scotia, and 
seventeen more at Fort Cuml)erland. John Walker was commissioned 
a captain. Adonijah Rice was in the Crown Point expedition in August. 
Fourteen men volunteered from Worcester. Sept. 17, 1755. 

John Pierce, son of Josiah and Sarah (Gale) Pierce, b. in Wor. Oct. 
12, 1745, was with Arnold's expedition to Quebec and kept a diary which 
has not been located. (See R. I. Hist. Soc. Coll. No. 6). 

In 1756 a company of 43 men enlisted under Capt. Aaron Rice, of 
Rutland. He died in camp, and Lieut. Jacob Heminway succeeded to 
the command. There were at least 44 men in other companies in CcjI. 
Ruggles's regiment. Daniel .Stearns was captured near Ft. Edward; 
Edward Hair at the capitulation of Oswego; and Jonathan Child near 
Fort William Henry. They were taken to Montreal and ke])t until 
exchanged in 1758. During this year the town was the rendezvous of 
troops to be mustered into service, and a depot of ammunition and suj)- 
plies was established here. A detachment under Major James Put- 
nam of this town marched as far as Westfield to reinforce the army, but 
at that town the force was halted and dismissed. 

The whole force of militia including two Worcester companies under 
Col. Chandler marched to the relief of Ft. William Henry, Aug. 10, 1757, 
but at Sheffield the force was disbanded. Eight men from this town in 
Lt. Jonathan Newhall's cavalry company reached the army at Ft, Ed- 
ward, and ten soldiers served in the campaign. 

An army of 4,500 men under Gen. Amherst on their way westward 



5i6 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

halted here for a day, Sept. IT. In this force was a company under 
Capt. Samuel Clark Paine of this town. Nine Worcester men served 
under Gen. Abercrombie at Ticonderoga. 

In 1759 the company of Capt. Paine continued in the service ; Daniel 
McFarland of this town was lieutenant, and 'i'i non-commissioned officers 
and privates were credited to this town. Fourteen more were in other 
companies in Gen. Ruggles's regiment. Benjamin Stowell was lieuten- 
ant of Capt. Johnson's company; William Crawford was chaplain of 
Col. Abijah Willard's regiment, and afterward surgeon. Many of the 
soldiers suffered from malaria. Capt. Paine died in December, and was 
succeeded by Lieut. McFarland, February, 1760. William Ward became 
lieutenant, and Ensign Samuel Ward was made adjutant of Col. Wil- 
lard's regiment, Thomas Cowden was lieutenant in Capt. Jefferds's 
company. 

In 1761 Thomas Cowden was commissioned captain, and he had in 
his command from May to November. He continued in the ser- 
vice until the end of the following year, and at least nine of the 
Worcester men remained with his command. Lincoln gives the total 
number of men of this town in the service from 1748 to 1757 as -153, 
but it is evident that many men enlisted more than once, so the 
actual number of men in his lists was far less than that. But on the 
other hand the records at the state house upon which he and all other 
historians depend, are far from complete. It is probably true that every 
man able to bear arms was prepared for service, and perhaps con- 
tributed service that should count. Viewed in this light, the total is not 
too large ; perhaps 500 is too low an estimate. Worcester furnished a 
colonel, a lieutenant-colonel, two majors, six captains, eight lieutenants, 
seven ensigns, 27 sergeants, two surgeons, a chaplain, and an adjutant 
in the French and Indian Wars. The most important outcome of the 
French and Indian Wars in the colonies was the drill, training and expe- 
rience of American officers and soldiers, who were afterward called into 
the War for Indejiendence. 

Worcester Soldiers in French and Indian Wars. — A thorough search 
of the archives at the State House brought to light the records of Wor- 
cester men in the French and Indian Wars as given below. Some of 
the rolls do not give the residence of the soldier. For instance, there is 
a list of recruits for Col. John Chandler Jr.'s regiment. May 10, 1756, in 
which no residences are given. Some of the men may have been from 
this tpwn. There are lists of Col. Chandler's regiment in 1761-62-63 
without residences. (Vols. 94-214, 217; 99, pp. 29, 30, 55, 56, 63, 64, 68). 

Muster Roll of Maj. John Chandler's Scouts stationed at Leicester, Aug. 2i to 
Nov. 29, 1/22. Robert Crawford, centenal ; John Gray, corporal; Benjamin Flagg, 
sergt. ; Ephraim Roper, centinel ; James Knapp, centinel. 

Muster roll of Capt. John Johnson's Co., Col. Winslow's regt. on the eastern 



.'INP ITS PEOPLE 517 

frontii-r. Apr. .'.? In Nuv. 8, 1754. (93-145-6). Ahraliam CuttinK. NallKuiiel Chikls, 
Elislui Cliilds. William Kobi-rts, Abbott Roberts, William W'tlsun. 

Muster roll of Capt. Andrew Dalrymple's Co.; expedition to Crown P'oint ; Aug. 
9 to Dec. 27. 1755. (94-50). Reuben Morey (corporal) ; Zenas Worcy (of tlie Won 
Gore); Daniel Thayer and Adonijah Rice. 

List of Col. Chandler's regiment, 1756. (94-412). Ensign RMhcrt Smith, 28 yrs., 
b. Waltham. husbandman ; Sergt. Jonathan Gleason. 35 y., b. Franiingham. cord- 
wainer ; Corp. Thomas Lee, 21 y., b. Boston, husb. ; Jonathan Sawin, 21 y., Ii. Wa- 
tertown, weaver; Samuel Smith, 19 v., b. Wor., husb.; Jonathan Childs, 18 y., b. Cam- 
bridge, cordwainer ; Thomas Grover, 18 y., b. Grafton, cordwainer. Dead — Samuel 
Stearns, 22 v., b. Worcester. 

Muster Roll of Capt. Benjamin Flagg's Co.. Col. John Chandler's Regt. ; Sept. 
24 to Oct. 14, 1756, at Lake George. (95-11). Capt. Benj. Flagg; Lieut. Asa Flagg; 
Ensign Thomas Cowdin, Sergt. Ebenezer Lovell ; Clerk Daniel Moore; Corp. Alex. 
Callioun ; Corp. Benjamin Stowell, Corp. John Crowell. Corp. Absalom Cutting; 
Robert Cook. Stephen Jones, Samuel Wiswall, Asa Bigelow, Jonathan Rice, William 
Gates. John Knox, Samuel Goddard. Asa Stearns. Increase Stearns, Robert Gray Jr., 
Job Harris, Solomon Gleason, Robert McMains, Daniel McFarland, Jacob \\'ait, 
Rayham Bancroft, Sampson Bixby, Charles Davenport, Jacob Holmes, Nathaniel 
Eustice (of the Gore). Ebenezer Holmes Jr. 

Muster Roll of Capt. Philip Richardson's Co.; expedition to Crown Point Feb. 
18 to Dec. 21, I75'i. Enos Jones (of County Gore); James Ball, Francis Whitney, 
William Smith, Walter Wilkins. Pelatiah Bixby, David Cunningham, Asa Carroll 
(or Carriel), Thomas Davenport. Nathaniel Dyer, Isaac Harrington, Ezra Parker, 
Charles Rice, David Smith. (95-121-2). 

Muster Roll of Capt. Andrew Dalrymple's Co.; expedition to Crown Point; Feb. 
18 to Dec. 21. 1756, (95-126). Sergt. Adonijah Rice; John McManes, Asa Parker, 
SaiTiuel Pike (coimtry gore), Samuel Ward. 

Muster Roll of Capt. John Curtis's Co., Col. John Chandler's Regt.; marched 
to Shetifield, Aug., 1757, relief of Ft. William Henry. (95-495). Maj. Gardiner Chand- 
ler, Capt. John Curtis, Lt. Luke Brown. Ensign Asa Flagg, Sergt. Ebenezer Welling- 
ton. Sergt. Ebenezer Flagg, Sergt. Josiah Pierce, Sergt. Thos. Covvfdin, Corp. Jonathan 
Gleason, Corp. Robert Smith, Corp. Daniel Wheeler, Corp. John Mower, Williatn 
Young, Elisha Smith Jr., Jeremiah Beatte, Samuel Randall, Micajah Johnson, Samuel 
Sawin, Samuel Crossett, John Canada (Kennedy). Samuel Miller Jr., Mathew Barber, 
Ebenezer Lee, Asahel Knight. Benjamin Richardson, Solomon Gleason, Joseph Wiley, 
Natlian Wheeler, David Earle, Silas Harthorn (Haw^thorne, etc.), David Fisk, 
Nicholas McDonald, Daniel Harris, David McClellan, Noah Flood, Silas Moore, Bar- 
zilla Gleason, James Moore, Eleazer Lovell, Thomas Brown, John David, Peter Glea- 
son, Jeduthan Holden, Robert Merriam, John Gates, James Hamilton, Eliphalet W'ar- 
ren, Jonas Gale, Jabez Sargent, Joseph Gleason, James Cowdin, W'illiam Blair. James 
McFarland, Thomas Wheeler. 

Muster Roll of Capt. James Goodwin's Co.; march to Sheffield; relief of Fort 
Wm. Henry: Aug., 1757. (95-541). Capt. James Goodwin, Lt. Noah Jones, Ensign 
David Bancroft, Dr, Nahum W'illard, Sergt. Cornelius Stowell, Sergt. Thomas 
Wheeler. Sergt. Benj. Flagg, Sergt. John Boyden, Corp. William Mahan, Corp. Fran- 
cis Harrington, Corp. John Waters, Corp. Phineas Ward, Joshua Bigelow. Benjamin 
Crosby, Matthew Gray, Samuel Ball, James Ball, Phinehas Newton, Reuben Rice, 
Benjamin Chapin, Enoch Cook, Bartholomew Hutchinson. Jacob Holmes Jr., Wil- 
liam Elder, David Chadwick, Increase Hawes, Ignatius Goulding, Asa Bigelow, Ben- 
jamin Fisk, Jonathan Rice, Benjamin Stowell, Samuel Smith, Thomas Canada (Ken- 
nedy), Joseph Crosby, Bezaleel Hawes or Haines, David Moor (or Moon), Isaac 
Morse, Simeon Duncan, Thomas Davenport, Absalom Cutting, Elisha Crosby, Wil- 
liam Johnson, John Haines Jr. (or Hawes). Samuel Ward, .'\braham Taylor, David 



5i8 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Richardson, Comfort Rice, Jonas Woodward Jr., Samuel Goddard, Robert Smith, John 
Greene, Ebenezer Holton (or Nolton), Samuel Andrews, Samuel Clark Paine. 

Muster Roll of Lt. Jonathan Newhall's Co., Col. Chandler's Regt. ; relief of Ft. 
Wm. Henry, Aug., 1757. (95-513). Sergt. James Ball. Corp. Solomon Gleason, John 
Canada (servant), Jacob Holmes, David Robinson (son of Thomas), Increase Stearns 
(son of John). 

Muster Roll of a detachment under Capt. Jonatlian Xewhall's Co. Aug. 15 to Sept. 
12, 1757. (96-14). Sergt. James Ball, Corp. Sulumon Gleason, John Canada (ser- 
vant), Jacob Holmes, David Richardson, Increase Stearns. 

Muster Roll of Capt. Samuel Clark Paine's Co. ; expedition to Crown Pt., March 
31 to Nov. 10, 1759. (97-302-3). Capt. Samuel Clark Paine; Lieut. Saniel McFar- 
land. Ensign Samuel Ward, Sergt. Jonathan Gleason, Corp. Elisha Crosby, Daniel 
Ball, Thaddeus Bigelow, Francis Cutting, Joseph Crawford, Silas Crosby, Samuel 
Clay (Gray?), David Cunningham, David Earle, Josiah Harrington Jr., Jacob Holmes 
Jr., Noah Harris, Daniel Harris, Peter Hilt, Hendrick Hilt. Paul Kingston, Thomas 
Lee, Richard Miles, John Crowell, Ro1)ert Merriam, Adonijah Rice, Samuel Smith, 
John Spence, Joseph Temple. 

Muster Roll of Capt. Thomas Cowdin's Co.; Feb. 21 to Dec. 2, 1761. (99-18-9). 
Capt. Thomas Cowdin, Sergt. Samuel Johnson, Corp. Jadah. Holinh (?), Hugh Mc- 
Cormack (drummer), Jonas Abraham, Silas Crosby, James Goodwin, Matthew John- 
son, Levi Kendall, Eli Wilson. 

Muster Roll of Capt. Daniel McFarland's company; Feb. 14 to Dec. 25, 1760. CapL 
Daniel McFarland; John Parker, John Spence, William White. 

Muster Roll of Thomas Cowdin's Co., Mar. 4 to Dec. 29, 1762. (99-226-7). Capt 
Thos. Cowdin, Jusiah Boyden. Mevis (negro of Capt. Cowdin), Joel Smith. 

Muster Roll of Capt. Thos. Cowdin's Co.; Apr. 18 to Dec. 29, 1761. (99-113, 156). 
Capt. Thos. Cowdin. Mevis (servant to Capt. Cowdin), Squire Allen, David Abra- 
ham. George Blanchard, Job Davis (or David), (possibly Dana), James Lammon. 
Roll July to Dec. : John Ross, Abraham Russell, John Spence, George Travis, Wil- 
liam Weir, 

At the -State House, the list of officers of Col. John Chandler's regiment shows that 
in 1763 (99-63) the Worcester officers were: ist Co.. Capt. Palmer Goulding, Lt. 
Thomas Wheelock, Ensign Henry Ward. 2d Co.. Capt. Elisha Smith Jr., Lieut. 
Israel Pierce and Ensign Samuel Brooks. 3d Co.. Capt. Samuel Brewer. Lieut. Na- 
thaniel Gerry and Ensign Micah Johnson. 

The list of officers in 1771 shows various changes in the regiment. Gardiner 
Chandler was ist niaj.; Edward Davis, 2d major. 1st Co., Capt. Rufus Chandler; 
1st It. Isaac Willard ; 2d It. Samuel Bridge; Ensign Joshua Whitney. 2d Co., Capt. 
Samuel Brooks, 1st It. William McFarland, 2d lieut. Samuel Brown, Ensign John 
Cliaraberlain. 3d Co.. Capt. Micah Johnson, ist It. Comfort Rice, 2d It. John Mower, 
Ensign Joseph Blair. 

In addition to the muster rolls given above, the following list of sol- 
diers in the French and Indian Wars, credited to the town of Worcester, 
has been compiled from other rolls in the archives and arranged alphabet- 
ically. The men are privates unless otherwise designated in this roster: 

Akins, Joseph, b. Scotland, laborer, enlisted from Wor. in Col. Chandler's Regt., 
1756. (94-401). 

Bowman. Samuel; Lt. Elisha Hanley's Co.; Dec. 17, 1747, Mar. 10, 1748; Mass. 
(92-98). (p. 8-73). 

Boyden, Joseph, b. Groton, aged 50 yrs., enlisted May 4, 1760 in Maj. Gardiner 
Chandler's Regt. for the expedition against Canada. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 519 

Canatly, (iilbort ; Capt. It. Tlionuis Lord's Co., Fu\>. 16, Dec. 21, 1756. (95-200). 

Clifford, John; Lt. Elisha Ilaiiley's Co.; Dec. 14, 1747, Mar. 10, 1748 at Ft. 
Mass. (92-yoj/^). 

Cowdin, Thomas, ensign; Capt. Simon Jeffrjrd's Co.; Feb. 21, Dec. 9, 1760. 
(98-259-60). 

Crawford, William, surgeon's mate; Mar. 29, Dec. i. 1760; Col. Timothy Rug- 
gles's regt. (98-227). 

Cunningham, William; Capt. Wm. Barrows's Co.; Apr. 18, Dec. 31, 1761. 
(99-114-5). 

Davis, Abel; Capt. John Nixon's Co.; \ov. 18, 1761, July 28, 1762. (99-182). 

Davis, Ezekiel, Corp., same service as .^bel Davis. 

Denny, Samuel; Capt. Silas Brown's Co.; .Apr. 18, Nov. 17, 1761. (99-13-4). 

Enmions. Solomon; Capt. Benj. Bullard; Mar. 27, 1755-Jan. 3, 1756; expedition 
to Crown Pt. ; deserted. (94-123). 

Heminway, Daniel; Capt. Nathan Brigham's Co.; June 10, Dec. 24, 1760. 
(98-287). 

Hilt, Peter; Capt. Silas Brown's Co.; .■^pr. 18, Nov. 17, 1761. (99-13-4). 

McCracken, David; Capt. Samuel Clark's Co., Sept. 15, 1755, Feb. 14, 1756; 
exped. to Cr. Pt. (94-69). 

McClellan, William ; Capt. Timothy Houghton's Co., Col. Chandler's Regt. ; 
relief of Ft. Wm. Henry, .Aug. 9, 1756. (94-382). Also stat. at Ft. Mass., Dec. 14, 1747, 
Mar. 10. 1748. 

McCracken, David; Capt. Benj. Bullard's Co.; Mar. 29, Dec. 10, 1756; exped. to 
Cr. Pt. (95-17). 

Miles or Miller, Richard, Capt. John Small's Co., .'\pr. 2, 1760, Jan. 12, 1761. 
(98-346). 

McMullen, .•\ndrew, centinel, Capt. John Wriglit's Co., June 8, Sept. 21, 1754, on 
east frontier. (93-119). 

Muggins, Christopher (of the Gore) ; Capt. Edmund Bemis's Co., Feb. l8, Dec. 
25, 1756; Cr. Pt. exped. (96-157-8). 

Newton, Thaddeus ; Capt. Nathan Brigham's Co. ; June 10, Dec. 24, 1760. 
(98-287). 

Phippey(?), Thomas; Capt. Ed. Benjamin Edwards's Co., June 8, Dec. 8, 1760. 

(98-376-7). 

Rice, Adonijah ; Capt. .Andrew Dalrymple's Co.; reduction of Canada; Mar. 
13- Nov. 30, 1758. (96-456-7). 

Roberts, John; Capt. John Wright's Co.; June 8. Sept. 2!, 1754, on eastern 
frontier. (93-119). 

Ross, Joseph; Capt. John Nixon's Co.; .-Apr. 19, Nov. 17, 1761. (99-16-7). 

Sargeant. John, centinel; Capt. Joseph Kellogg's Co.; Nov. 20, 1723, Alay 19, 1724. 
(91-101-3). 

Smith, .Abraham ; Capt. Timothy Hamant's Co., Mar. 3, Nov. 12, 1760. 

Spence, John; Capt. Edmund Bemis's Co.; Feb. 18, Dec. 25, 1756. (95-157-8). 

Stearns, Bartholomew; servant of David Bigelow, Mar. 14, Dec. 12, 1760; Capt 
Timothy Hamant's Co. (8-312). 

Stowell, Cornelius; 1st lieut. ; Capt. Wm. Paige's Co.; Mar. 31, Dec. 24, 1758. 
(97-355-6). 

Teague, Jesse; Capt. Ebenezer Taft's Co., June 9, Nov. 29, 1760. (98-279). 

WaUis (Wallace), Benoni William ; Capt. George Lane's Co. ; Mar. 4, Dec. 24, 
1762. (99-221-2). 

Ward, William, ensign; Capt. William Paige's Co. (97-355-6)- 

Ward, Samuel, adjutant; Col. .Abijah Williams's Regt.; Feb. 4. Dec. 29, 1760. 
(96-318). 

Willson. William; Capt. William Barron's Co., Feb. 13. Dec. 28, 1760. (98-254-5). 



520 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

The Acadians. — In the autumn of 1755 eleven of the Acadians 
exiled from Nova Scotia were assigned to Worcester. The only names 
preserved are those of Jean Herbert, Monsieur Lebere and Justin White. 
They were treated kindly. They cultivated a little land, were permitted 
to hunt deer, and those who were able worked at reaping and manu- 
factured wooden implements. The aged died broken-hearted. In 1767 
the survivors returned to Canada, the town granting seven pounds to 
pay the passage of John Lebere to Quebec. 



CHAPTER XXXI 
The Revolutionary War 

For ten years Ijcfure the Battle of Lexin,L,'t<jn, the War of the J\evo- 
hition was lirewing, and the current oi jnihlic opinion and events liere 
was similar to that in other towns of the province. During the excite- 
ment over the Stamp Act, this town instructed its representative in the 
General Court, Capt. Ephraim Doolittle, at a meeting October 31, 1TG5, 
"to join in no measure countenancing the Stamp Act."' It was the cus- 
tom at this time to give instructions, generally thrnugh a committee 
appointed for the purpose, to the representative in the legislature. The 
initiative and referendum of that day were taken in advance at town 
meetings. Another committee, consisting of Capt. Ephraim Doolittle, 
Nathan Baldwin, and Jonathan Stone, reported instructions to Joshua 
Bigelow, representative, at a town meeting, May 18. l^OT. requiring 
among other things "that you use your influence to maintain and con- 
tinue that harmony and good will between Great Britain and this Prov- 
ince, which may be most conducive to the prosperity of each, In' a steady 
and firm attachment to English liberty and the charter rights of this 
Province and that you will willingly suffer no invasions, either thrcjugh 
the pretext of precedency, or any other way whatsoever ; and if you find 
any encroachments on our charter rights, that you use your utmost abil- 
ity to obtain constitutional redress." 

The main object of the majority in the Province at this time was to 
preserve the charter intact and relinquish none of the freedom and 
independence that had been enjoyed for more than a century. But the 
restriction of manufacturing and the imposition of obnoxious taxes 
became subjects of contention also. At a town meeting March 14, 1768, 
action was taken to discountenance the use of imported articles and to 
promote industries in the Province. Better than the action taken at 
town meeting, the following statement signed by many Worcester cit- 
izens expressed the sentiment : 

Whereas, the Hon. House nf Representatives of this Province, on the 25tli day 
of February last, did declare, that the happiness and well-being of civil communities 
depend upon industry, economy and good morals, and taking into serious consid- 
eration the great decay of trade, the scarcity of money, the heavy debt contracted in 
the later war, which still remains on the people, and the great difficulties to which they 
are by these means reduced, did resolve, to use their utmost endeavors, and enforce 
their endeavors by example, in suppressing extravagance, idleness and vice, and pro- 
moting industry, economy and good morals : and in order to prevent the unnecessary 
exportation of money, of which the province hath of late been drained, did further 
resolve that they would by all prudent means, endeavor to discountenance the use of 
foreign superfluities and encourage the manufactures of this province: and. 



522 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Whereas, the Parliament of Great Britain has passed an act imposing duties on 
sundry articles for the purpose of raising a revenue on America, which is unconsti- 
tutional, and an infringement of our just rights and privileges; and the merchants of 
this province have generally come into an agreement not to import goods from Great 
Britain, a few articles excepted, till that act is repealed; which in our opinion is a 
lawful and prudent measure ; 

Therefore, we the subscribers do solemnly promise and engage one with the other 
to give all possible encouragement to our own manufactures ; to avoid paying the 
tax imposed by said act by not buying any European commodity but what is abso- 
lutely necessary; that we will not at funerals use any gloves except those made here, 
or purchase any article of mourning on such occasion but what shall be absolutely 
necessary ; and we consent to abandon the use, so far as may be, not only of all the 
articles mentioned in the Boston resolves, but of all foreign teas, which are clearly 
superfluous, our own fields abounding in herbs more healthful, and which we doubt 
not may by use be found agreeable ; we further promise and engage that we will 
not purchase any goods of any persons who, preferring their own interests to that of 
the public, shall import merchandise from Great Britain, until a general importation 
takes place ; or of any trader who purchases his goods of such importer ; and that 
we will hold no intercourse or connection or correspondence with any person who 
shall purchase goods of such importer or retailer ; and we will hold him dishonored, 
an enemy to the liberties of his country and infamous, who shall break this agreement 

In support of this boycott of tea, a meeting was held here, as in Bos- 
ton and elsewhere, by the women who agreed to use no tea, but to substi- 
tute as a drink a decoction from a native herb (Lcdnin Palitstrc) known 
as "Labrador tea." But that there was a lack of unanimity even among 
the women is shown by the fact that soon afterward at another meeting 
the ladies of Worcester voted to rescind the action. But the sale of tea 
was effectually checked here as elsewhere, and for a time various native 
herbs were used in its place, though doubtless in one way or another 
tea found its way to the tables of many Worcester households. As in 
later days there was a strong sentiment of loyalty to the Crown here, 
and many vigorous opponents of the non-importation and non-consu:np- 
tion agreements and resolves. 

During the next five years the Whigs were organizing here, but the 
Loyalists or Tories filled the public offices. The police records fail to show 
the trend of public sentiment. The trial of strength between the Whigs and 
Tories came early in 1773 ; at the March town meeting a petition of Othniel 
Taylor and forty others called attention to the grievances under which 
the province labored. The famous Boston Pamphlet was read and a 
committee, consisting of William Young, David Bancroft, Samuel Cur- 
tis, Timothy Bigelow and Stephen Salisbury, was appointed to consider 
its contents. At an adjourned meeting in May the committee made an 
elaborate report in which the sacredness of the charter is maintained by 
a long argument and in which the following indictment was presented: 

The fond affection that has ever subsisted in our hearts for Great Britain and its 
sovereign, has ever induced us to esteem it above any other country and, as fond 
children speak of a father's house, we have ever called it our home and always have 



AND ITS PEOPLE 5^3 

been ready to rejoice when they rejoiced, to weep when they have wept and, when- 
ever required to bleed when they have liled ; and in return we are sorry to say, we 
have had our harbors filled with ships of war in a hostile manner and troops posted in 
our metropolis in a time of profound peace: not only posted — greatly insulting, but 
actually slaughtering the inhabitants ; cannon levelled against our senate house, the 
fortress or key of the province taken from us: and as an addition to our distress, 
the commander-in-chief of tlie province (has declared) he had not the power to 
control the troops, etc. Nevertheless, we are ready and willing to stand forth in 
defence of the king of Great Britain, his crown and dignity and our noble consti- 
tution, and when called to it, risk our lives; and in that day let him that hath no 
sword, sell his garment and buy one. 

The committee favored resistance and [ireparedness, recomntending 
"that there be a committee of correspondence chosen to correspond with 
the committees of correspondence in other towns in this province, to give 
the earliest intelhgence to the inhabitants of this town of any designs 
that they shall discover at any time against our natural and constitu- 
tional rights." 

American Political Society. — The recommendations of the report 
were adopted by the town, and William Young, Timothy Bigelow 
and John Smith elected a committee of correspondence. From that time 
the Whigs dominated, and, as the relations with Great Britain became 
more and more strained, they exercised their power. At a meeting in 
the house of Asa Ward, Dec. 37, 1773. at which Joshua Bigelow presided, 
steps were taken to form a strong and secret organization, Nathan Bald- 
win, Samuel Curtis and Timothy Bigelow being chosen a committee to 
draft the rules and regulations. At an adjourned meeting Jan. 3, 1774, 
the committee's report was adopted, and the American Political Society 
was formed. The purpose of the society is declared : 

Whereas, at this present time the good people of this country (:uk1 with respect 
to some peculiar circumstances the town of Worcester in particular) labor under 
many impositions and burdens grievous to be borne, winch we apprehend wi^nld never 
have been imposed upon us, if we had been united, and opposed the machinations of 
some designating persons in this province who are grasping at power and the prop- 
erty of their neighbors : for the prevention whereof, and the better securing our 
liberties and properties and counteracting the designs of our enemies we incorporate 
ourselves — to advise with each other on proper methods to be pursued by us and each 
of us respecting our common rights and liberties, civil and religious. 

The meetings were held monthly at some public house ; the pro- 
ceedings were secret. It was agreed that litigation be avoided, and 
that all difference between members be submitted to the society to deter- 
mine ; that each member promote the interests of every member. The 
other rules have no political significance. The list of members includes 
seventy-one of the most active and influential Whigs of the town. The 
original members were : 

Joshua Bigelow, Benjamin Flagg, Thomas Wheeler, Willi:im Young, Timothy 
Bigelow, John Smith, Robert Smith, Jacob Heminway, Francis Harrington, Samuel 



524 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Woodburn, Josiah Pierce, Samuel Curtis, Jonas Hubbard, Joshua Whitney, John 
Kelso, Ebenezer Holbrook Jr., Amos Wheeler, Nathan Baldwin. John Pierce, Edward 
Crafts, Ebenezer Lovell, Joseph Barber, Samuel McCracken, David Chadwick, James 
Barber, William Dana, Thomas Lynde, Samuel FuUerton, William Johnson, John 
Emerson. Those who joined later: Silas Moore, Cyprian Stevens, Jonathan Glea- 
son, Samuel Whitney, Thaddeus Bigelow, John Woodward, Benjamin Chapin, John 
Barnard, Daniel Harris, Phinehas Jones, Jacob Holmes. Ebenezer Wiswall. William 
Jennison Sterne, Joseph Ball, William Treadwell, Ezekiel Howe, Jonathan Rice, . 
Daniel Beard (Baird), Ephraim Miller, Moses Miller, Reuben Gray, Asa Ward, James 
Moore, Jonathan Stone, Thomas Knight, Levi Houghton, Josiah Knight, Jonathan 
Lovell, Ebenezer Willington (Wellington), Robert Gray, Samuel Brown, Oliver Pierce. 
Dr. John Green, Elijah Harrington, Robert Crawford, Benjamin Flagg Jr.. William 
Taylor, Samuel Miller, David Bancroft, Phinehas Ward, Josiah Knight. 

The society was active from the first. It took the hold step on 
April 4, 1T?4, of ordering the grand jurors to refuse to serve, if Chief 
Justice Peter Oliver was on the bench, "before he is lawfully tried and 
acquitted from the high crimes and charges for which he now stands 
impeached." A cominittee was appointed to j)repare instructions for 
the representative, and various other functions of the town were assumed. 
It was voted in June not to purchase any English goods tintil the port 
of Boston shall be opened. Appropriately enough, it was the fourth of 
July when the society took the significant action of voting that each 
member be provided with powder, flint and lead. 

The society was powerful enough to control the town meetings, to 
dictate the moderator and instructions to the representative. It served 
its purposes well as long as it was needed. The last meeting of which 
there is a record was on May 20, 11 TO. In the meantime, the work it had 
undertaken was placed in the hands of the committees of correspondence 
and safety, and the powers it had usurped were again exercised by the 
town meetings and town officers without dictation. The struggle between 
the Whigs and Loyalists reached a crisis in 1774, and this organiza- 
tion was perhaps the inost powerful means of defeating the Tories. 

The town meeting, March 7, 1774, appointed a committee to take 
into consideration the acts of the British Parliament for raising revenue 
from the colonies. It consisted of 'Josiah Pierce^Jfimothy Rigelow. Ste- 
phen Salisbury, Samuel Curtis, EdRvard Crafts, John Kelso and Joshua 
Whitney. The report of this committee, written by Nathan Baldwin, 
and considered and approved by the political society, was adopted in 
the same town meeting, as follows : 

We, the freeholders and inhabitants of Worcester, think it our duty, at this 
important time, when affairs of the greatest consequence to ourselves and posterity 
are hastening to a crisis, after due consideration, to oflfer our sentiments on the 
many grievous impositions, which are laid upon us: we would particularise some of 
the most intolerable ones, viz. 

I. Courts of Admirality, wherein that most inestimable privilege, trial by jury, 
is destroyed : Boards of commissioners, with their numerous trains of dependents, 
which departments are generally filled with those who have proved themselves to 



AND ITS F nop LB 



be destitute of honor, honesty, or the conniion leeliii.t;s of humanity; those vvlio are 
known to be the greatest enemies of tlie people ami constitution of this country, even 
those who have murdered its inluibitants. l-'or a recent instance of their consummate 
insolence, and of their barbarously harassing the subject from port to port, at the 
expense of time and money, and unjustly detaining; i)roi>erty, we would mention tlie 
case of Cajit. Walker, conmiander of the brigantine Ilrolhers. 

2. The Governor and Judges of the Superior Court, rendered independent of the 
people of the province, for wliose good oidy they were appointed, for which service 
they ought to depend on those they serve fur pay : and, we are constrained to say, that 
to have these who are to determine and judge on our lives [and] property paid by a 
foreign state, immediately destroys that natural dependence vvliich ought to subsist 
between a people and their officers, and [is.] of course, destructive of liberty. For 
which reason, we are of opinion, that we [are] not in tlie least bound in duty to submit 
to the ordering and determining of such officers as are not dependent on tlie grants of 
the people for their jiay, and we have the satisfactii n to hear that four of the superior 
judges, to their immortal honor, liave refused the bribe offered them. 

But, as we have had an opportunity heretofore, jointly, to express our minds 
respecting our many grievances, we. principally, shall contine oin" observations to 
the East India company's exjiorting teas to. America, subject to a duty laid thereon 
by the British Parliament, to be paid by us, not so much as mentioned for the regula- 
tion of trade, but for the sole purpose of raising a revenue: in consequence of which, 
we take it upon us to say. that it is an addition to the many proofs, that the British 
ministry are determined, if possible, to enslave us: l>ut. we rest assured, that however 
attached we may have been to that truly detestable lurb, we can firmly resist the 
charm, and thereby convince our enemies in Great Britain and America, that however 
artful and alluring their snares, and gilded the bait, we have wisdom to foresee and 
virtue to resist. 

Therefore, resolved; that we will not buy, sell, use. or any way be concerned 
with India teas of any kind, dutied or undutied, imported from Great Britain, Holland, 
or elsewhere, until the unrighteous act imposing a duty thereon be repealed ; the 
former on account of the aforesaid duty; the latter, because we still maintain such 
a regard for Great Britain as to be unwilling to promote the interests of a rival. 

Resolved ; that we will break off all commercial intercourse with those persons, 
if any there should be, in this or any other place, w'ho should act counter to these, 
our resolutions, thus publicly made known : that the tea consignees, and all those that 
have been aiding or assisting in introducing the East India company's tea among us, 
have justly merited our indignation and contempt, and must be considered, and 
treated by us, as enemies and traitors to their country : that we contemptuously abhor 
and detest all those, whether in Great Britain or America, that are not content with 
their own honest industry, but contrary to known principles of justice and equity, 
attempt to take the property of others in any wise without their consent. 

Resolved; that we have an indisputable right, at this time, and at all times, boldly 
to assert our rights, and make known our grievances; being sensible that the freedom 
of speech and security of property always go together. None but the base tyrant and 
his wicked tools dread this liberty. Upright measures will always defend themselves. 
It is not only our indubitable right, but a requisite duty, in this legal and public man- 
ner, to make known our grievances. Amongst the many benefits that will naturally 
result therefrom [will be] we hope, that important one of undeceiving our gracious 
sovereign, who from the wicked measures practiced against us, we have just treason 
to suppose, has been artfully deluded ; in defence of whose sacred person, crown and 
dignity, together with our natural and constitutional rights, we are ready, at all times, 
boldly to risk our lives and fortunes. 



526 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Twenty-six of the Loyalists dissented from these resolutions, and 
their protest was entered of record, although rejected by the town. 

The Loyalists fought to the last ditch under the leadership of Hon. 
James Putnam. And after this scathing report had been adopted they 
took measures immediately to secure its reconsideration. Another town 
meeting held June 20 in response to a petition of 43 Tory freeholders 
resulted in the refusal of the town to reconsider. Their petition incorpo- 
rated in the warrant was as follows : 

There have been of late divers commotions and disturbances in many towns 
and places within the Province, and many actions of a riotous nature and dangerous 
tendency have been done and committed, whereby the property of many of his 
Majesty's good and peaceable sulijects has been destroyed, their persons insulted, and 
their lives endangered, more especially in the town of Boston, and that by the artful 
practices of some people there, under the pretence of Patriotism, but with evil inten- 
tions and making unrighteous gain to themselves by the ruin and destruction of others, 
a spirit of opposition to all law, order and good government has been raised and prop- 
agated in many towns and places within this Province, and some having been so far 
seduced that they have imwarrantably adopted measures subversive of public liberty 
and the good order of the State, and destructive of the peace of society, and in some 
places votes and resolves have been passed which they have seen published, approving 
or justifying the unwarrantable and riotous proceedings of the said town of Bos- 
ton, and have thereby, as they fear, in some measures made themselves partakers 
of their guilt, and wishing to avoid the reproach and imputations of any such guilt- 
iness falling on them, they desire to bear their public testimony against all riots, 
unlawful assemblies, acts of violence, oppression and robbery, more especially would 
they manifest their utter detestation and abhorrence of that unparalleled act of vio- 
lence, and destruction of the teas, the last winter in Boston, and also against the 
unlawful force and violence in divers riotous acts committed on the persons and prop- 
erties of sundry good people in this Province, to whom said teas were consigned, and 
at the annual meeting in Worcester, in March last, certain resolves were passed and 
voted to be entered on the records of the town of Worcester, against the express will 
and opinion of the respectable inhabitants of the town then assembled, and had not 
the members of the committee who made or copied the resolves, voted for their being 
accepted and recorded, there would have been a majority of the town against the 
acceptance of them, and at that time many of the sober, judicious people of this town 
thought that those resolves were calculated to serve seditious purposes, and some of 
them did therefore enter their protest in writing against the said resolves and pro- 
ceedings, and desired the same might be entered and recorded with the records of the 
town, yet hoping to prevent it, the town did unreasonably and hastily vote that the said 
protestation should not be received or recorded, and they have reason to apprehend 
there are many more persons of consideration and interest within said town that did 
not then protest for want of opportunity to do it, that would be glad of a fit time for 
doing it, and discovering their mind on many late acts and proceedings, in a public 
manner, and they are of opinion that were the same matters now again to be consid- 
ered and acted on by the town, their proceedings would be very different from what 
they were before, at least that such a number would now protest, and would before 
had they been present as are owners and proprietors of by far the largest share of the 
interest and property of the whole town, and praying that a meeting of the said town 
may be warned that the inhabitants being voters may be assembled, as soon as may 
be, and so Iiave an opportunity of declaring their sentiments, and acting with freedom 
in a legal way, with respect to the votes, resolves, protestations and so forth, before 



AND ITS PEOPLE 527 

referred to, and to exainiiic into iIr- procccdiiigs and cciiiduct of certain persons in the 
town of Worcester, styling tluinselvcs tlie Committee of Correspondence for the 
town, and that their power and autlmrity may l)e examined into, and they required 
to lay before the town, all their jiroceedings and doings as a committee, together or 
apart, since they have assumed that character, and that they lay before the town, all 
such advices, letters and intelligence as they or any of them shall have received, and 
from whom they had it relating to public matters, and produce true copies of all such 
advices and letters as they or any of them in the course of their correspondence have 
communicated to others, that tlic town may have a full and fair opportunity of publicly 
examining into their whole conduct and proceedings, as by said i)etitinn appears. 

Then the famous Protest was written and entered upon the town 
records without the knowledge of the Whigs, after the town had refused 
to receive it. Cojiies of the protest were jinbhshed in the lioston News 
Letter June 30, and the Massachusetts Ciazette. July I. IM'f, accom- 
panied by ail explanation, of which the following is a cop_\- : 

At a meeting of the inhabitants of the town of Worcester, held there on the 20th 
day of June, A. D. 1774, pursuant to an application made to the selectmen by 43 voters 
and freeholders of the same town, dated tlie 20th day of May last, therein, among 
other things, declaring tlieir just apprehensions of the fatal consequences that may 
follow the many riotous and seditious actions that have of late times been done and 
perpetrated in divers places within this province: the votes and i)roceedings of 
which meeting are by us deemed irregular and arbitrary : 

Wherefore we. some of us who were petitioners for the said meeting, and others 
inhabitants of the town, hereunto suliscribing, thinking it our indispensable duty, in 
these times of discord and confusion in too many of the towns within this province, 
to bear testimony in the most open and unreserved manner against all riotous, disor- 
derly and seditious practices, must therefore now declare, that it is with the deepest 
concern for public peace and order that we behold so many, whom we used to esteem 
sober, peaceable men, so far deceived, deluded and led astray by the artful, crafty 
and insidious practices of some evil-minded and ill-disposed persons, wlio, under the 
disguise of patriotism, and falsely styling themselves the friends of liberty, some of 
them neglecting their own pmpcr business and occupation, in which they ought to be 
employed for the support 0/ tlieir families, spending their time in discoursing the 
matters they do not understand, raising and propagating falsehoods and calumnies 
of those men they look up to with envy, and on whose fall and ruin they wish to 
rise, intend to reduce all things to a state of tumult, discord and confusion : 

And in pursuance of those evil purposes and practices, they have imposed on the 
understanding of some, corrupted the principles of others, and distracted the minds 
of many, who, under the influence of this delusion, have been tempted to act a part that 
may prove, and that has already proved, extremely prejudicial to the province, and as 
it may be, fatal to themselves ; bringing into real danger, and in many instances 
destroying, that liberty and property we all hold sacred, and which they vainly and 
impiously boast of defending at the expense of their blood and treasure : 

And, as it appears to us, that many of this town seems to be led aside by strange 
opinions, and are prevented coming to such prudent votes and resolutions as might 
be for the general good and the advantage of this town in particular, agreeably to the 
request of the petitioners for this meeting : 

And as the town has refused to dismiss the persons styling themselves the com- 
mittee of correspondence for the town, and has also refused so much as to call on them 
to render an account of their past dark and pernicious proceedings : 

We therefore, whose names are hereunto subscribed, do eacli of us declare and 



S-'S HISTORY OF WORCESTER 







protest, it is our firm opinion, that the committees of correspondence in the several 
towns of this province, being creatures of modern invention, and constituted as they be, 
are a legal grievance, having no legal foundation, contrived by a junto to serve partic- 
ular designs and purposes of their own, and that they, as they have been and are now 
managed in this town, are a nuisance : And we fear, it is in a great measure owing 
to the baneful influence of such committees, that the teas of immense value, lately 
belonging to the East India company, were, not long since, scandalously destroyed 
in Boston, and that many other enormous acts of violence and oppression have been 
perpetrated, whereby the lives of many honest, worthy persons, have been endangered, 
and their property destroyed. 

It is by these committees also, that papers have been lately published and are 
now circulating through the province, inviting, and wickedly tempting, all persons to 
join them, fully implying, if not expressly denouncing the destruction of all that refuse 
to subscribe those unlawful combinations, tending directi}' to sedition, civil war, and 
rebellion. 

These, and all such enormities, we detest and abhor : and the authors of them we 
esteem enemies to our king and country, violators of all law and civil liberty, the 
malevolent disturbers of the peace of society, subverters of the established consti- 
tution, and enemies of mankind. 

As soon as the Whigs read the Protest in the Boston papers, they 
took action and a petition by Joshua Bigelow and fourteen others 
denouncing the Protest as a false and scandalous attack on the inhab- 
itants, the committee, etc., charging the town clerk with violating his 
trust in placing a copy of the Protest on the town records, requested 
tlie selectmen to call a town meeting. The meeting was called for Aug. 
22, and a committee consisting of Joshua Bigelow, Jonas Hubbard, Da- 
vid Bancroft, Samuel Curtis, Jonathan Stone, Benjamin Flagg and 
Josiah Pierce was elected to consider the Protest. The report of this 
committee was adopted at an adjourned meeting Aug. 24, as follows : 

Whereas, the publication in the Massachusetts Gazette of June 30th, was made 
as a protest of the signers of it against the proceedings of the town of Worcester, 
and contains in it a number of groundless reflections and aspersions against the 
inhabitants of the town, for it seems to be implied in the direction to the printer, pub- 
lished at the front of the protest, that the signers were the only persons in the town 
who were friends to truth, peace and order, and that they were the only persons, that 
had any just apprehensions of the ill consequences arising by mobs, riots, &c., and 
that all the rest of the inhabitants acted irregularly and arbitrarily, notwithstanding 
the matters voted in said meeting were fairly considered ; and that they were so des- 
titute of understanding as to be led astray, by evil minded persons, who were endeav- 
oring to reduce all things to a state of disorder and confusion, tliereby making them- 
selves the sole judges of what is rule and order, and what is not; and proceeded to 
stigmatize the inhabitants as holding to such bad opinions, as to prevent the town's 
acting prudently and for the general good. It is also implied in the publication, that 
this town allows a number of persons in it, to assume the character of a Committee 
of Correspondence for the town, and to act darkly and perniciously with impunity, 
contrary to rule and good order, and in violation of the truth, after, with unpar- 
alleled arrogance, representing themselves as the only friends to it, they assert that 
the town has refused to dismiss the persons styling themselves a Committee of Cor- 
respondence for the town, when, setting aside the inconsistency of the towns dismiss- 
ing persons who had arrogated the character of a committee, and consequently were 



AND ITS PEOPLE 529 

in fact not chosen by the town, they well knew that the town had not been requested, 
either to dismiss persons styling themselves a committee, or those gentlemen so denom- 
inated by the town; neither was there any article in the warrant for calling said 
meeting, to dismiss any persons whatever from office, nor so much as proposed in the 
meeting. There is also malignity cast upon Committees of Correspondence in gen- 
eral through the continent, and in particular against the committee chosen by this 
town, without any reason assigned for the same, but the opinion of the protesters, too 
slender a foundation to asperse the character of town officers upon, and they have 
endeavored to insinuate into the minds of the public, that the men of which Commit- 
tees of Correspondence are composed through the Province, are a parcel of unprinci- 
pled knaves, who are endeavoring to destroy the lives and property of the peaceful and 
well disposed, and also alleging that it is by these committees that papers have been 
lately published, and that they have wickedly tempted all persons to sign them, which 
they call an unlawful combination, tending directly to civil war and rebellion. This 
town knows of no such paper; if it be the non-consumption agreement, entered and 
entering into, through this and neighboring Provinces, that is pointed at, we take it 
upon us to say, that we much approve of the same, that if strictly adhered to it will 
save our money, promote industry, frugality, and our own manufacturers, and tend 
directly to prevent civil war and rebellion. 

After offering their opinions of mobs, riots, tumults and disorder, and the pro- 
ceedings of the town, so cruelly and with such temerity, as shows them to be destitute 
of that humanity and christian charity, which we in all duty owe to the other, that 
brand all who do not join with them, with the characters of enemies of the King and 
country, violators of all law and civil liberty, the malevolent disturbers of society, 
subverters of the established constitution, and enemies of mankind. And as it appears 
by the said publication, that the same is recorded in the town book, notwithstanding 
the many aspersions it contained against the people of this town, and without the 
liberty or knowledge of the town, Therefore. 

Voted, that the town clerk do, in the presence of the town, obliterate, erase, or 
otherwise deface the said recorded protest, and the names thereto subscribed, so that 
it may become utterly illegible and unintelligible. 

Voted, that the method taken by the leaders, in protesting, and procuring a very 
considerable number to sign the protest who are not voters in the town, we think 
was a piece of low cunning, to deceive the public, and make their party appear more 
numerous and formidable than it was in reality. 

Voted, that the signers of said protest, on some of whom the town has conferred 
many favors, and consequently might expect their kindest and best services, be 
deemed unworthy of holding any town office or honor, until they have made satisfac- 
tion for their offence to the acceptance of the town, which ought to be made as public 
as the protest was. 

Voted, that as it is highly needful that those of the signers who have not made 
satisfaction as aforesaid, should be known in future, it is therefore necessary that 
their names be inserted as follows, viz: James Putnam, Isaac Moore, William Paine, 
John Walker, Joshua Johnson. 

Voted, that the following admonition be given to the town clerk: 

Mr. Clark Chandler: Whereas this town, at their annual meeting in March 
last, as well as for several years before, honored you by choosing you for their clerk, 
relying on your fidelity, that you would act for the honor of the town, and find them- 
selves much disappointed, by your conduct in recording on the town book the scandal- 
ous protest of William Elder and others, filled with falsehood and reflections against 
the town, we have just reason to fear you were actuated in the matter by unjustifiable 
motives, and, at this time, exhort you to be more circumspect in the execution of the 
duties of your oftice, and never give this town the like trouble of calling a town meet- 

W.— 1-34- 



530 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

ing again on such an occasion. The town wish to see your behavior such as may 
restore you to their former good opinion of you. 

Whereas the Committee of Correspondence for this town willingly laid all their 
proceedings before the town, when requested, and it thereby appears, notwithstanding 
the ungenerous abuse heaped on them by the protesters, that they have acted with care, 
diligence and caution, therefore, voted, that the thanks of this town be given to tlie 
committee for their circumspection, and that they be directed to go on, with their 
former vigilance, in corresponding with the other committees of the several towns in 
this Province. 

Accordingl}'- the town clerk expunged the record, crossing out the 
words with his pen, but probably the words might still be deciphered, 
had not the zealous patriot dipped his fingers in the ink and smeared the 
pages containing the Protest. The submission of the town clerk to this 
humiliating punishment was an indication of the spirit of defeat and 
disaster felt by the Tories at this time. That meeting ended finally the 
Tory resistance to the rule of the Whigs. 

The resolves were entered upon the town record, and sent to the 
Massachusetts Gazette and the Spy for publication. They were not pub- 
lished in the Spy until Dec. 8, though there was an acknowledgment of 
the receipt of a copy in the Spy of Sept. 13. 

The Coinmittee of Correspondence pursued the signers of the pro- 
test, requiring them to make apology. A meeting of the Loyalists was 
held Aug. 21, at the King's Arms Tavern, on the evening before the 
forces were gathered here to deal with the mandamus councillor. Nat- 
urally enough the apology was forthcoming. It was published in the 
Massachusetts Gazette and Boston News Letter of Sept. 15 and in the 
Boston Evening Post Sept. 19, 1774, as follows: 

To the Printers : The following recantation, signed by forty-three of the Wor- 
cester Protestors, in part serves to show how the now more conspicuously corrupt 
measures of the British Ministry in the Canada Papist Act, etc., unites all parties. 
Those among us that have heretofore seemed to favor the side of Prerogative, have, 
since their conduct became so barefaced, joined themselves to the people; all indis- 
criminately flying to arms, and marching to the defence of our country when we 
had intelligence that our brethren were again butchered by a merciless soldiery, is 
a sufficient proof that we are one and all determined not to survive our liberties, 
however we might before differ in some unessentials. 

Worcester, Sept. 5, 1774. 

Whereas, we the subscribers, have given the good people of this Province in gen- 
era!, and the inhabitants of the town of Worcester in particular, just cause to be 
offended with each of us in that unguarded action of ours in signing and protesting 
in the Massachusetts Gazette of June 30th, a certain piece of our protest against the 
vote and proceedings of the town of Worcester, on the 20th of June, 1774, wherein 
we acknowledge we have cast cruel aspersions upon the town of Worcester and upon 
all Committees of Correspondence for said town, and upon all Committees of Cor- 
respondence throughout the Province, for which we are sorry, and take this oppor- 
tunity publicly to manifest it, and declare we did not so well consider the contents, and 
that we had no other intention than to bear our testimony against mobs and riots, 
notwithstanding anything in said protest to the contrary; and that we have that 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



.i.i' 




Clark Chandler. Tory Town Clerk, entered a Loyalist protest on the I own books. Indijinant 

Patriots, in Town Meeting assembled. Aug. 24, 1774. forced him to deface it line by 

line, and finally U< diji his hnger in the ink and make it "utterly illegble 

and unintelligible." 



532 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



charity to our fellow townsmen, as to believe that they will heartily join with us in 
this particular, for to the best of our knowledge we declare that the present generation 
in this town has never been concerned in any mobs or riots in this or any other place. 
And we hereby beg their forgiveness, and all others we may have offended ; also that 
we may be restored to their favor, and be made partakers of that inestimable blessing, 
the good will of our neighbors and the whole community. 



William Elder, 
Xathaniel Adams, 
Samuel Moore, 
John Mower, 
Joseph Blair, 
Micah Johnson, 
Edmund Heard, 
Thomas Baird Jr., 
Samuel Mower, 
Samuel Bridge, 
Andrew Duncan. 
Clark Chandler, 
Israel Jennison, 
Nathan Patch, 
Samuel Mower Jr., 



Gardner Chandler, 
Daniel Boyden, 
John Curtis, 
Thomas Baird, 
James Hart, 
Elisha Smith, 
Tyrus Rice, 
Nahum Willard, 
Rufus Chandler, 
Adam Walker, 
Daniel Moore, 
James Hart Jr., 
Cornelius Stowell, 
Jonathan Phillips, 



Isaac Willard, 
Jacob Stevens, 
Joseph Clark, 
Isaac Barnard, 
John Chamberlain, 
William Curtis, 
Abel Stowell, 
Daniel Goulding, 
William Chandler, 
John Chandler, 
Jacob ChaiTiberlain, 
Palmer Goulding, 
James Goodwin, 
Samuel Brooks. 



Of the 52 Protesters, 43 signed the above recantation at the King's 
Arms Tavern ; 5 are mentioned in the town vote of Aug. 24, as refusing 
to give satisfaction, leaving 4 unaccounted for, viz : William Campbell, 
Daniel Ward, Israel Stevens and Thaddeus Chamberlain. Campbell 
afterwards publicly recanted. Possibly the other three gave satisfaction 
in open meeting, or possibly they were iiot voters, as implied in the 
resolutions. 

An agreement not to buy any article imported from Great Britain 
was prepared by a committee consisting of Jonathan Stone, David Ban- 
croft, Josiah Pierce, Jonathan Rice and David Chadwick. and not only 
signed by the inhabitants but the signers were bound by oath to keep 
their pledge : 



As the distresses of the people call loudly on inhabitants of this province to use 
their utmost efforts to free themselves from that bondage intended for them by the 
late acts of the British Parliament, and, as we apprehend, nothing will better conduce 
to such purpose than the following agreement : we, whose names are hereunto sub- 
scribed, promise, we will not ourselves, or any for or under us, directly or indirectly, 
buy or cause to be bought, and as far as we are able by advice and command, will 
prevent our children or servants from buying any article, except drugs and medicines, 
that may be imported into this, or any other province or colony on this continent, that 
was manufactured, or came from Great Britain or Ireland, or that may come from 
thence to the West Indies, or any where else, that may be imported into this, or any 
other colony or province on the continent, from and after the first day of September 
next, nor buy any article made or bought as aforesaid of any person whatsoever, who 
shall not be furnished with an oath, in writing, taken before a magistrate in the town 
where they dwell, or that next adjoining, that the articles shewn were bona fide 
imported before the said first day of September ; and we, in the same manner as 



AND ITS PEOPLE 533 

aforesaid, for ourselves, our children and servants, pruinisc we will not buy of any 
chapman or pedler any articles whatever. Tliese promises and agreements we 
religiously promise to observe, in a sacred manner, until the port of Boston shall be 
opened as usual, the troops withdrawn, the castle restored, all revenue acts annulled, 
all pensions to governors, judges, &c.. cease, and in one word, until the liberties of 
this people are restored, and so secured that every one may have legal security for the 
safety of his person and property, and again feel, and be, in the full enjoyment of 
those blessings which we are entitled to as men, and those rights and privileges 
which the charter of this province gives us right to expect, demand and strive for. 
And to determine when this is done, the majority nf tlie signers then alive shall deter- 
mine and be the judges. 

This paper was not only subscribed, but a solcnm oath for its per- 
formance was taken in the following form : 

In the presence of the Great God, that Being who liveth forever and ever, who 
knoweth the secrets of all hearts, we acknowledge that the agreement here subscribed 
is our free act, and solemnly swear that we will, by His grace assisting us, strictly 
perform the same, in its true and literal meaning, without any equivocation or mental 
reservation. So help us God. 

In accord with the practice elsewhere, the town appointed a commit- 
tee of inspection, Oct. 2.T, to examine from time to time the merchants 
and traders of the town and prevent their offering for sale any good.s. 
imported or purchased contrary to the spirit and intent of the "solemn 
league" and covenant, as the foregoing pledge was called. 

The imposition of duties, the closing of the port of Boston, altering 
the charter, creating officers of the town over the heads of the people of 
the province, transporting persons for trial abroad, prohibiting special 
town meetings aiid vesting the government in officers appointed by the 
king — all violations of the charter and constitution according to the views 
of the patriots — aggravated the feeling and welded the people together. 
An outbreak was unavoidable. 

The Mandamus Councillor. — Hon. Timothy Paine was the first in 
this town to feel the weight of public indignation. No man had been 
more highly respected in the community until the conflict between the 
Province and the Crown began. But he was a Loyalist, and he deemed 
the action of the town rebellious and treasonable. When he was 
appointed one of the obnoxious Mandamus Councillors, his previous high 
standing did not save him from the fate that these officers met through- 
out the province. 

The people of the neighboring towns were summoned to meet 
here Aug. 22 for the purpose of demanding his resignation. On that day 
some 1,500 men assembled on the Common, where a committee of five 
— Joseph Gilbert, John Goulding, Edward Rawson, Thomas Denny and 
Joshua Bigelow — was appointed to wait on Mr. Paine "to demand of 
him satisfaction to the people for having qualified himself for said 
office ;" and, having waited upon him, accordingly, he asked them what 



534 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

satisfaction they wanted. They answered, a total resignation of his 
office, and desired him to write it, upon whicli he withdrew and in a few 
minutes returned with what he had written, whicli was a total resigna- 
tion of his office, and a promise never to sit again as Councillor unless 
agreeably to the charter. He then asked if that was satisfactory. They 
replied that he must wait on the people, which he thought unreasonable 
after he had complied with their demands ; but they said it was in vain ; 
unless he made his personal appearance the people would not be satisfied, 
and, after being promised protection from insult he went to the meeting, 
when Mr. Denny read the resignation, with which numbers were dissat- 
isfied, requiring that Mr. Paine should read it himself, and that with his 
hat off; he then told the committee that he had complied witli all they 
desired on their promising protection, and that he called upon them for 
it; but they gave him to understand that the people would not be satis- 
fied till he had complied with the demand, which he did, and was then 
conducted near to his own house by the committee and dismissed. 

The object of the gathering having been successfully accomplished, 
the men from each town formed in companies and marched home, except- 
ing a band of about 500 that proceeded to Rutland with the intention of 
forcing Col. John Murray, another Councillor, to resign. On their way 
they were reinforced by a thousand men from the western part uf the 
county. Murray was not at home, and the delegation had to be content 
with leaving a notice stating that if he did not resign by Sept. 10 they 
would call again. (See Gaines N. Y. Gazeteer, and Weekly Merchant, 
Sept. 8, 1774, and Rivington's Gazeteer, Sept. 8, 1774). 

These heroic measures brought alarm to the now thoroughly sub- 
duced Tories of this town, and some of them took refuge in Holden, for- 
tifying themselves in a place afterward called Tory Fort, on Stone House 
Hill, but in a few weeks their fears subsided and they returned to their 
homes. But the fears were not without foundation. War was at hand. 
Companies were forming ; drilling of troops proceeded with all possible 
haste in preparation for the expected encounter with British troops. A 
false alarm soon after the events related, brought to arms six thou- 
sand men in this county in a day. The alarm reached Worcester in the 
afternoon, and the Committee of Correspondence imiuediately called the 
troops to arms. The early part of the night was spent in melting lead 
and pewter, and casting musket balls. A large company started and had 
reached Shrewsbury before they were ordered back, after it became 
known that the alarm was premature. The incident made evident the 
fact that the men of Massachusetts were ready to resort to arms to 
defend their charter and ancient rights and to fight for liberty. At the 
same time the need of better equipment, military training and organiza- 
tion, was made apparent, though the Political Society here had made 
provision as already related for ammunition for its members. 

Timothy Bigelow's company of minutemen met each evening for 



AND ITS PEOPLE 535 

drill, and they were armed with muskets procured in Boston. Four can- 
non bought by the town were secretly conveyed here from Boston, by 
Jonathan Rice, Jonathan Stone, William Dana and Samuel Whitney, and 
were mounted and kept ready for use. A battalion of artillery was organ- 
ized by Capt. Edward Crafts. 

The next step of the patriots was to close the courts, with which 
for years there had been much dissatisfaction. Six thousand men 
responded to the call of the Committee of Correspondence, Sept. 6, 1?74. 
The justices of the Inferior Court of Common I'lcas, in the face of this 
determined and orderly mob, yielded up their authority and never 
resumed business. No trials were had or judgments rendered until the 
courts were again opened under the new provincial government. 

The County Convention. — The powers of magistrates and legisla- 
ture were assumed for a time by the committees of correspondence 
in the various towns. A convention of these committees in the county 
was held in this town Sept. 21. At this convention steps were taken to 
organize the militia; subordinate officers were ordered to surrender their 
commissions, and superior officers to publish their resignations in the 
newspapers. Universal service was expected. A third of the men able 
to bear arms between the ages of eighteen and sixty, were enrolled, 
formed into companies, and committees were appointed to supply them 
with provisions and ammunition as needed. The privates elected com- 
pany officers, who in turn elected the regimental staff'. Civil officers 
holding commissions in June were directed to continue in office, except- 
ing Timothy Ruggles, John Murray and James Putnam. 

A standing Committee of Correspondence of the Convention was 
formed by the union of the committee of Worcester and Leicester, with 
the addition of Thomas Denny, Joseph Henshaw and Joshua Bigelow, 
authorized to call meetings, communicate with towns in the county and 
persons abroad, and present subjects for consideration. 

As the courts were closed, it was recommended that debts be paid 
as soon as possible, that disputes be arbitrated, and it was intimated that 
any wdio failed to resort to arbitration would be treated as traitors. 
Towns were requested to provide field pieces, obtain ammunition and 
prepare for defence against invaders. An address from the Justices of 
the Court of Common Pleas at its June Session ; congratulating Gen. 
Gage on his appointment as first magistrate of the province ; lamenting 
the disturbed condition of the times ; bearing testimony against all riots, 
combinations and unwarrantable resolves ; denouncing the circulation of 
inflammatory papers by order of certain persons calling themselves a 
Committee of Correspondence for the town of Worcester, which they 
represent as stimulating the people to break off all connection with Great 
Britain, and having a tendency to alienate the affection of the people 
from the mother country, and to create discord and confusion; conclud- 
ing with the assurance of their exertions to discountenance such pro- 



536 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

ceedings, to support the execution of the laws, and render the adminis- 
tration successful and prosperous, was the object of special attention. 
After an interview with a committee, Sheriff Chandler, who presented 
the address, was taken before the convention and subscribed his name 
there to the following humble apology: 

Whereas the convention of committees have expressed their uneasiness to the 
sheriff of the county, now present 1)efore them, for presenting with others an address 
to Gov. Gage, he frankly declares it was precipitately done by him ; that he is sorry 
for it, and disclaims an intention to do anything against the minds of the inhabitants 
of this county ; and had he km >wn it would have given offence, he would not have 
presented the address. 

G.\RDNER Chandler. 

A copy of the proceedings of the convention certified b)' the clerk. 
Col. William Henshaw, was published in the Massachusetts Spy. 

Those who remained Loyalists after the middle of September, paid 
well for their allegiance. Most of them recanted. Some of them doubt- 
less recognized the force of public opinion as stronger than they had 
expected, and became convinced that righteousness must prevail, for 
among the Loyalists certainly were some men who agreed with the 
Whigs in their resentment against British oppression and in a desire to 
maintain their ancient liberties, but feared that resistance would result 
only in disaster and more oppression. The following is from the Spy, 
Sept. 15 : "We have received from Worcester the recantation of John 
Chandler, Esq., and 42 others of the protestors against the proceedings 
of that town, which gave such just cause of offence to the public; as 
also the acknowledgment of six justices of the county, for having 
aspersed the people in an address to Gen. Gage." These recantations 
were procured by force, it is true, but were never repudiated. 

The town records contain the humble apology of William Campbell 
dated Oct. 5, 1774, viz: 

To the inhabitants of the town of Worcester : Gentlemen : Whereas, I, the sub- 
scriber, with a number of others, signed a protest, against the proceedings of the town, 
and the same was published in the Boston Gazette of June last, wherein the inhabitants 
were unjustly reflected upon in general, and also the whole body of committees of cor- 
respondence throughout this whole province, for which I am heartily sorry, and ask 
the forgiveness of all the inhabitants of the town, and the justly offended public, and 
also for any other offence that I may have given by any means, w.hether in word or 
action. I heartily request your acceptance of this sincere acknowledgment, and that 
if either of the inhabitants hath any other charge against me, for any particular of 
my conduct, that he would make it known, that I may have an opportunity of giving 
christian satisfaction, which I ever shall stand ready to afford. Witness my hand. 

William Campbell. 

Some of those who refused to submit to the committee's authority, 
were waylaid and beaten, and others took refuge in Boston, becoming 
exiles in support of their political opinions. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



S37 



At a town meeting Oct. 4, 1TT4, Joshua Uigclow, elected representa- 
tive to tlie (jeneral Court, was instructed by the town in a report pre- 
pared L)y I)a\ id liancroft, Jonathan Stone, Nathan Baldwin, Samuel Cur- 
tis and Stephen Salisliury, as follows: 

To Mr. Joshua Bigelow : 

Sir: The Free Electors of the town of Worcester, being greatly alarmed by 
the unconstitutional authority assumed by the British Parliament in several of their 
late acts, some of which already have, and others which are intended to operate in 
this province to the entire subversion of all we hold valuable in our Charter, and 
which we have indubitable right to enjoy by the laws of Nature and by the principles 
of the Christian religion, as well as the compact contained in said Charter, therefore 
that the cruel acts that have already been put into execution to the great detri- 
ment and distress of this Province, and dangerous to the inhabitants of the whole 
Continent of America, may cease to operate any longer to the entire stoppage of com- 
merce with Great Britain, to the dishonor of his Majesty and the Parliament, and that 
those other acts which have not yet operated may be prevented from ever being car- 
ried into execution, and we thereby reduced to pay obedience to the acts of any future 
venal, corrupt administration which may deprive us of life and property with impu- 
nity, for the prevention whereof, and the security of all and every of our natural 
and charter rights, we have chosen you to represent us in the Great and General 
Court of this Province ; reposing special trust in your wisdom and fortitude, give you 
the following instructions as the rule of your conduct respecting the particulars here- 
after mentioned, and direct you not to recede from the most rigid virtue in recovering 
and defending all other of our rights and liberties, not expressly mentioned, that may 
come under your consideration. 

First. Agreeable to the recommendation of the Committee of Correspondence for 
this county in convention, we instruct you absolutely to refuse to be sworn by any 
officer or officers but such as are or ma3' be appointed according to the Constitution, 
or to act as one branch of the legislature in concert with any other, except such as 
are or may be appointed or supported according to the charter of this Province, and 
that you refuse to give your attendance at Boston while the town is invested with 
troops or ships of war ; and should there be anything to prevent your acting with 
such a Governor and Council as is expressly set forth in the charter, that you imme- 
diately repair to the town of Concord and there join in a Provincial Congress with 
such other members as are or may be chosen for that purpose, to extricate this 
Colony out of its present unhappy circumstances. 

Thus far, sir, has the body of this country resolved as the proper instructions for 
the Representatives that might be chosen in their several towns to meet at Salem ; the 
former part of which, we should have adopted verbatim with the addition of several 
other articles as proper rules for you to have observed as a member of the Great 
and General Court, provided you have not been excused and discharged therefrom 
by the Governor's proclamation, the latter we do adopt as proper to direct you to 
attend at Concord aforesaid, with Mr. Timothy Bigelow, whom we have chosen to rep- 
resent us in the Provincial Congress to be holden there, and strictly adhere to the 
instructions given him, for the rule of your conduct in said Congress respecting the 
particulars therein contained. 

By order of the Committee, 
i D.wiD Bancroft, Chairman. 

Timothy Bigelow, delegate to the Provincial Congress, was 
instructed in the same manner, as follows: 



538 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

To Mr. Timothy Bigelow, 

Sir : As you are delegated to represent the inhabitants of the town of Wor- 
cester in a Provincial Congress to be convened at Concord, on the second Tuesday of 
October, instant, the following is oiTered and enjoined upon you as the instructions of 
us, your constituents, which you are to observe and follow as a member of said Con- 
gress, viz : 

As the first Charter given to this Colony was violated and as we think wrong- 
fully wrested from us by Great Britain, and that our second and late Charter is 
nullified and destroyed by late acts of the British Parliament, by their assuming the 
authority of making laws binding upon us in all cases whatever, and to enforce our 
compliance have sent ships of war and blocked the port and harbor of our metropolis, 
and troops are posted in hostile array to dragoon the people, and the Governor made 
independent of the people for his support, and mantling our Capital in such a manner 
as may reduce the worthy inhabitants to a military government : therefore that you 
endeavor in the most peaceable way and obtain a redress of the following grievances : 

First. That the port and harbor of Boston be opened, and the freedom of trade 
restored, and the King's troops be removed out of this Province, and the command of 
the fortifications, so called, at the south end of Boston be resigned to the inhabitants, 
and the commander of the King's troops be prohibited from erecting any fortress or 
making any intrenchment within the town of Boston or near any of the avenues 
leading to it. 

Second. That the Provincial store of ammunition lately removed by the King's 
troops from the arsenal at Charlestown be returned to the place from whence it was 
taken, or into the care of such person or persons as you shall appoint to receive and 
keep the same for the use of this Province, and that all the ammunition in the maga- 
zine in Boston be delivered to the proper owners, if by them requested. 

Third. That every one of those incorrigible enemies to this country who have 
lately been appointed by mandamus from his Majesty as Councillors, and have 
accepted a seat at the Council Board of this Province, and shall not resign their said 
office before the second Tuesday of this instant, be impeached as traitors to the Con- 
stitution of this Province, and that they be taken into custody and secured for trial. 

Fourth. That you endeavor that the Provincial Congress depute an agent or 
agents from that body, to go to Canada and there treat with its inhabitants in the 
name and on behalf of the people of this Province, and establish such rules of conduct 
to be observed by them, as is or may be for the mutual benefit of both, and give 
assurance to them on our part, of that friendship which some of their inhabitants have 
nobly displayed in a late generous donation to the oppressed, suffering poor of Bos- 
ton, for which, we would in this public manner return our grateful thanks ; and while 
we would willingly refund in the same species, if a change of circumstances required 
it, which, God grant, may never be the case with any of our generous benefactors. 

Fifth. That if all the infractions of our rights, by acts of the British Parlia- 
ment, be not redressed, and we restored to the full enjoyment of all our privileges, 
contained in the Charter of this Province, granted by their late Majesties, King 
William and Queen Mary, to a punctilio, before the day of your meeting, then, and 
in that case, you are to consider the people of this Province as absolved, on their part, 
from the obligation therein contained, and to all intents and purposes reduced to a 
state of nature ; and you are to exert yourself in devising ways and means to raise 
from the dissolution of the old Constitution, as from the ashes of the Phoenix, a new 
form, wherein all officers shall be dependent on the suffrages of the people for their 
existence as such, whatever unfavorable constructions our enemies may put upon 
such procedure. The exigency of our public affairs leaves no other alternative from 
a state of anarchy. 

Sixth. You are to give diligent attention to the advice which you may receive 
from the Continental Congress now sitting at Philadelphia, and we shall esteem 



AND ITS PEOPLE 539 

it the greatest happiness to liave the approbation of our sister colonics in all matters 
respecting our mode of government, and therefore if your advices from said Congress 
should not perfectly coincide with these, our instructions respecting the mode of gov- 
ernment for this Province, you are to desist from acting any further on that matter 
until you have our further instructions, anything herein contained lo the contrary 
notwithstanding. 

Seventh. That whereas, the commissioned officers in the militia of this Province 
have generally resigned their conuiiissions and tlic people have formed themselves into 
military companies and chosen officers of their respective companies, field ofhcers, 
&c., notwithstanding all which, it is highly necessary that there be a Captain Gen- 
eral to preside over the whole, we therefore instruct you that you endeavor that there 
be such a Captain General advised to by the Provincial Congress as soon as may be. 

Eighth. The foregoing you are to adhere to and religiously observe in all 
respects, according to the nature of your office, and as the way and means fiir the 
recovery and defence of our rights, liberties and privileges. 
By order of the Committee, 

D.wiD Bancroft, Chairman. 

The Committee of Worcester County waited on Gen. Gage, Oct. 
20, and presented a remonstrance against the oppressive acts of the min- 
istry, to which they said "this people are detennined by the divine favor, 
never to submit, but with their lives." In truth, the Revohition occur- 
red before the Revolutionary War began. The jjeople set up a new gov- 
ernment in place of the royal establishment; they resolved to sacritice 
life and property for their ancient liberties under the charter. They pre- 
pared the military and civil machinery to resist an attempt to coerce 
them. That was Revolution, if successfully maintained. 

Lincoln says in commenting upon resolutions adopted by a conven- 
tion of blacksmiths in Worcester county, held Aug. 26, 1774, agreeing 
to boycott all enemies of the country including Tories, some of whom 
were mentioned by name, and recommending to other crafts that they 
call meetings to take similar action, says (p. 93j : "A volume might be 
collected from the instructions, resolutions, memorials and addresses 
spread on the records of the town and scattered through the documents 
of its committees, conventions and political associations. The same deci- 
sion, intelligence and independence woven into the papers which have 
been copied, were continually embodied in language always forcible and 
energetic, usually simple and correct, often eloquent and elegant. Many 
of the productions of later periods were marked by distinguished ability." 

Worcester became in 17 U the centre of Revolutionary activity, and 
developed some leaders of remarkable force and personality. Stores of 
ammunition were collected here at the end of the year, and a similar 
depot, established at Concord, was the object of the military expedition 
thither that caused the Lexington alarm and the subsequent battles at 
Lexington and Concord. 

At the beginning of 1775 the lines were drawn between Whigs and 
Loyalists and a clash of arms was expected. The severity of the winter 



540 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

caused a cessation of activity in politics and martial preparation. The 
town instructed its representative in 1TT5 as follows: 

To Mr. Timothy Bigelow, 

Sir: At this day of difficulty and trial in general, and in this Province in 
particular, by means of several acts of the British Parliament whereby we are deprived 
of the advantages of Civil Government agreeable to the rights, liberties and privi- 
leges of Englishmen, the Governor of this Province, invested with a power of making 
and unmaking many of our officers in such manner as renders our executive courts 
dangerous to the lives, liberties and properties of all such as shall oppose the esta- 
lishment of a despotic government in this Province, and his being made independent 
of the people of this Province for his salary, we apprehend has such an intluence upon 
his conduct, that we have just ground to fear he will pay more regard to the instruc- 
tions he may receive from the British Ministry than to the welfare of this Province 
or the English Constitution of Government. 

He has already (we think wantonly) dissolved our General Assembly of this 
Province, and issued writs for calling another, and in an unprecedented manner dis- 
solved said writ before the day on which the said Court was to meet, and no other 
like to be called that we know of, by these means we being deprived of the advantages 
of such a General Court or Assembly as the Charter of this Province entitles us to, 
we are constrained instead thereof, to hold a Provincial Congress agreeable to the 
recommendation of our late Congress held at Cambridge. Therefore we have made 
choice of you to represent us in said Congress at this critical and important crisis of 
our public affairs, when the fate of millions depends upon our wise, cool and prudent 
conduct ; you, we make no doubt, will be duly sensible of the great and important 
trust reposed in you by us, your constituents, the uncertainty of events may cause 
many matters to come under your consideration which will require your utmost for- 
titude, which we cannot give definite instructions upon at this time, but the follow- 
ing we give you as the rule of your conduct respecting the matters hereinafter men- 
tioned, viz : 

First. That you endeavor that if the Provincial Congress should meet at Cam- 
bridge, agreeable to the recommendation of our late Congress, that they immediately 
adjourn from Cambridge to some other town in the country at a greater distance 
from Boston. 

Second. That you are very careful in disposing of the public monies, especially 
that you do not give your consent to extravagant grants if any such should be pro- 
posed to be made to any person or persons for their services. 

Third. That you endeavor that the members chosen by our late Provincial Con- 
gress to sit in a Continental Congress to be holden at Philadelphia in May next, may 
be instructed as early in their session as possible to obtain the advice of the mem- 
bers thereof, what measures are the most proper for this Province to adopt respecting 
civil government which we at this time are deprived of. And we determine to rest 
quietly in this situation, however perplexing, agreeable to the recommendations of our 
late Continental Congress until the operations of their petition to his Majesty be 
known, excepting the commencement of hostilities against us should require the 
adopting a form of civil government for the defence of our lives and properties : and 
under such exigency you are to conduct yourself accordingly, and endeavor the best 
form possible be adopted for the support of good order and the liberties of the people 
which we think must and shall make every servant of the public dependent upon the 
suffrages of the people for their authority. 

N.\THAN Baldwin, 
.ToN.\THAN Stone. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 541 

These instructions expressed the state of mind of the ])eople of this 
town. In the meantime, Gen. Gage was looking forward to the spring, 
when he expected to suppress the rcljelhon. lie sent Cai)t. J5rown of the 
53d Regiment and Ensign Bernicre of the loth, to make a survey of the 
country between Boston and Worcester. They came here disguised as 
countrymen, and passed through Camljridge, Watcrtown, Framingham 
and Shrewsbury. The report of Dr. Bernicre was found after the Brit- 
ish evacuated Boston. It was as follows: 

We came into a pass, about four miles from Worcester, where we were obliged to 
stop to sketch. We arrived at Worcester at five o'clock in the evening, very much 
fatigued : the people in the town did not take notice of us as we came in, so that we 
got safe to Mr. Jones' tavern : on our entrance he seemed a little sour, but it wore 
off by degrees, and we found him to be our friend, which made us very happy : we 
dined and supped without any thing happening out of the common run. The next daji 
being Sunday, we could not think of travelling, as it was contrary to the custom of the 
country : nor dare we stir out until the evening, because of meeting : and nobody is 
allowed to walk the streets, during divine service, without being taken up and 
examined: so that, thinking we could not stand the examination so well, we thought 
it prudent to stay at home, where we wrote and corrected our sketches. The landlord 
was very attentive to us, and on our asking what he could give us for breakfast, he 
told us, tea, or any thing else we chose ; that was an open confession what he was : 
but for fear he might be imprudent, we did not tell him who we were, though we 
were certain he knew it. In the evening, we went round the town, and on all the 
hills that command it, sketched every thing we desired, and returned to the town with- 
out being seen. That evening about eight o'clock, the landlord came in and told us 
there were two gentlemen who wanted to speak with us. We asked him who they 
were. On which he said, we would be safe in their company: we said we did not 
doubt that, as we hoped two gentlemen, who travelled merely to see the country and 
stretch our limbs, as we had lately come from sea, cmild not meet with any thing else 
but civility, when we behaved ourselves properly. He told us he would come in again 
in a little time, and perhaps we would change our minds, and left us. An hour after, 
he returned, and told us the gentlemen were gone, but had begged him to let us know, 
as they knew us to be officers of the army, that all their friends of government at 
Petersham were disarmed by the rebels, and that they threatened to do the same at 
Worcester in a very little time: he sat and talked politics, and drank a bottle of wine 
with us; and also told us, that none but a few friends to government knew we were 
in town, we said it was very indifferent to us whether they did or not, though we 
thought very differently : however, as we imagined we had staid long enough in that 
town, we resolved to set off at day break the next morning, and get to Framingham. 
Accordingly, off we set, after getting some roast beef and brandy from our landlord, 
wdiich was very necessary on a long march, and prevented us going into houses where, 
perhaps, they might be too inquisitive. We took a road we had not coiue, and that led 
us to the pass four miles from Worcester. We went on unobserved by any one, until we 
passed Shrewsbury, when we were overtaken by a horseman, who exainined us very 
attentively, and especially me, whom he looked at from head to foot, as if he wanted to 
know me again : after he had taken his observations, he rode off pretty hard, and took 
the Marlborough road, but, by good luck, we took the Framingham road again, to be 
more perfect in it, as we thought it would be the one made use of. 

The horseman was Capt. Timothy Bigelow, sent by the committee of 
correspondence to observe the ofificers, whose martial bearing, notwith- 



542 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

standing their caution and disguise, betrayed their military character. 
Having followed the Framingham road to its intersection with the high- 
way through Sudbury, they turned back to Marlborough. There they 
were in great danger of being seized and detained ; but, by the aid of the 
friends of government, they escaped and reached Boston in safety. Soon 
afterward they explored the road to Concord and vicinity. 

Gen. Gage unquestionably planned an expedition to capture the 
stores here, and to erect fortifications. After the evacuation, Isaiah 
Thomas saw among the papers left by the British, a plan of the town of 
Worcester with the outline of military works, including a fort on 
Chandler Hill. 

In March the minutemen were in training half a day each week, 
receiving a shilling a week if present, and being fined an equal amount 
if absent. The company met nearly every day for months. When 
the weather permitted it was drilled on the common. Capt. Bigelow was 
a good drill-master and his company became highly proficient. 

The Battle of Lexington. — Lincohi relates the events of .Viiril 1!). 
1775: 

Their services were soon to be required for the defense of the country. Before noon, 
on the 19th of April, an express came to the town, shouting, as he passed through the 
street at full speed, "to arms ! to arms ! the war is begun !" fiis white horse, bloody 
with spurring, and dripping with sweat, fell exhausted by the church. Another was 
instantly procured, and the tidings went on. The bell rang out the alarm, cannon were 
fired, and messengers sent to every part of the town to collect the soldiery. As the 
news spread, the implements of husbandry were thrown by in the field, and the citi- 
zens left their homes with no longer delay than to seize their arms. In a short time 
the minute men were paraded on the green, under Capt. Timothy Bigelow ; after fer- 
vent prayer by the Rev. Mr. Maccarty, they took up the line of march. They were 
soon followed by as many of the train bands as could be gathered, under Capt. Benja- 
min Flagg. On that day, no men marched from the town of Worcester for Con- 
cord. Intelligence of the retreat of the enemy, met them after they advanced, and they 
turned towards Boston. When Capt. Bigelow reached the ancient Howe tavern, in 
Sudbury, he halted to rest his men. Capt. Benjamin Flagg, who had commenced his 
march an hour or two later, came up, and insisting on pushing forward without loss 
of time, both officers moved on to Cambridge. 

The rolls of these soldiers of patriotism have fortunately been preserved in the 
office of the Secretary of State, where they were returned in compliance with a reso- 
lution of the Provincial Congress. 

The organization of the army which had spontaneous!}' collected at Cambridge, 
was immediately made. 

Directly after the battle, Capt. Bigelow was commissioned major in 
Col. Jonathan Ward's regiment. A company of 59 inen from this town 
enlisted April 2-1 under Capt. Jonas Hubbard and Lieuts. John Smith and 
William Gates. Seventeen other men from this town enlisted in the 
companies of Capts. Washburn, Fay and Jones, and twenty more in the 
regiment of artillery under Col. Thomas Crafts. Edward Crafts was 
coinmissioned captain, and William Dana and William Treadwell 
lieutenants. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 543 



On April 20, Isaiah Thomas came to Worcester with the press and 
type used in the puhhcation of the Spy in Boston, and on May 3 he 
issued the first number printed in this town. (See biography of 
Thomas). 

John Hancock was here .April 21, j:;r», and wrote a letter to the 
Committee of Safety in which he said: "For God's sake do not suffer 
the spirit to subside until they have perfected the reduction of our ene- 
mies. Boston must be entered; the troops must be sent away. Our 
friends are valuable, but our Country must be saved. I have an interest 
in that town; what can be the enjoyment of that to me, if I am obliged 
to hold it at the will of General Gage or anyone else? . . . Stop up 

the harbor against large vessels coming \re Mr. Paine and Mr. 

John Adams to be with us? What are we to de])end upon?" He asked 
many questions. On the same day he earnestly recommended the 
appointment of Edward Crafts of this town as captain, and recommended 
Nathaniel Nazro of Worcester for promoti<jn. He was still here April 
26, when he wrote to the committee and recommended John Smith and 
John Avery for commissions. Smith was of this town. 

After the battle of Lexington, a determined effort was made to get 
rid of all internal enemies. The Worcester committee decided to send 
William Campbell, who had broken through his engagements with the 
fathers of the people, to be judged by the Provincial Congress. They 
offered an opportunity to join the American army or to furnish substi- 
tutes to the following : Jacob Stearns, Samuel Paine, Micah Johnson, 
David Moore, Samuel Brooks, Cornelius Stowcll, Capt. Curtis, Jacob 
Chamberlain, James Hart, Joseph Clark, Capt. Rice, Joseph Blair, Joshua 
Johnson, Adam Walker, Caj.it. .Samuel Mower, .Samuel Moore, Dr. Wil- 
lard, Nathan Patch and Lt. John Mower, in an order dated May 8. The 
committee notified the Loyalists remaining in town, in an order dated 
May 17, to appear before the committee and, on May 22 at the Stearns 
Tavern, ordered them not to depart from the town without written per- 
mit, disarmed them, but permitted them to work on their farms in this 
town and adjoining towns. Those mentioned in the order were : Da- 
vid Moore, Micah Johnson, Micah Johnson Jr., .Samuel Moore, Samuel 
Moore Jr., Jacob Chamberlain, John and Thad. , John Curtis, Wil- 
liam Curtis, Joseph Blair, Joshua Johnson, Cornelius Stowell, Nahum 
Willard, Andrew Duncan, John Mower, Elisha Smith, Joseph Clark, 
Adam W'alker, Nathan Patch, Nathaniel Adams, Isaac Barnard, Tim- 
othy Paine, Samuel Paine, Samuel iMoore (Mower?), and Noah Harris. 

Clark Chandler left here in June and went to Nova Scotia; but 
owing to illness he asked permission of the committee to return, and 
having filed the bond required, he was allowed to return to his mother's 
home. On Dec. 15 the council gave him permission to reside in Lan- 
caster. In December John Holden, a paper-maker, was committed to 



544 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

jail for insolent behavior toward members of the committee. The action 
of the committee was confirmed by the General Assembly. 

The instructions to David Bancroft, who was elected delegate to the 
Provincial Congress May 22, 1775, drawn by a committee consisting 
of William Young, Josiah Pierce, Nathan Baldwin, Jonathan Stone and 
Samuel Curtis, again summarized the grievances of the Province, viz : 

To Mr. David Bancroft : 

Sir : The Town of Worcester having chosen you their Delegate to represent them 
in the Provincial Congress, to be convened and held at Watertown upon the 31st 
of May inst, and so de die in diem during their session and sessions, for six months 
from the said 31st of May and no longer; and notwithstanding the high opinion we 
have of your enlightened wisdom and fortitude, think it our duty, to give you our par- 
ticular instructions, relative to some matters that may come under your consideration ; 
and when anything extraordinary of a public nature occurs, that concerns your duty 
as our Representative, we enjoin upon you that you take our further particular instruc- 
tions upon the matter if in your power, especially at this time when a corrupt and 
despotic ministry, with a wink or a nod, rules both the King and Parliament of Great 
Britain with such absolute sway, that they are but a mere nose of wax, turned and 
moulded any and every way, to answer despotic purposes, overthrow the English Con- 
stitution of Government and plunder the Americans of both liberty and property. 
From hence our Charter nullified; our Governor made despotic and independent of 
the people; our Judges of our Courts dependent upon the King for both place and pay; 
Jurors to be packed by a dependent Sheriff; a law purporting for the King's officers, 
if they please, to murder the King's subjects in this Province with impunity; the port 
and harbor of Boston blocked up, and our trade stopped until we shall pay for tea we 
know not how much, and destroyed by we know not whom, (and if we do not comply 
and pay for said tea, then all the wharves, docks, quays, landing places and shores 
within the port and harbor of Boston are forfeited unto the hand, and are to be at the 
disposal of his present Majesty and his successors forever) ; the town of Boston 
reduced to military government, the Governor of this Province sending out troops into 
the country frequentlj', who have robbed and plundered public stores, magazines and 
so forth, and destroyed private property, and to complete the scene have murdered 
and butchered a great number of our peaceable, quiet inhabitants, and loyal subjects 
of his Majesty; our Legislative authority according to charter destroyed, and we 
driven to the necessity instead thereof to hold a Congress ; and as though spiritual 
ruin was designed against us as well as temporal, the Romish religion is established 
in the largest government upon the continent ; civil government, the former security 
of life and property, we are deprived of, and under the disagreeable necessity of taking 
up arms and defending ourselves against Britons who ought to join with us in the 
defence of our lives, rights, liberties and the English Constitution, the only safe basis 
of his Majesty's throne. These are but a part of the acts of that Legislature that 
claims a right to make laws that are binding upon us in all cases whatever. Under 
these accumulated oppressions, and tyrannical acts of the British Parliament, it 
behooves you to steer clear of those rocks that have dashed the constitutional liber- 
ties of our fellow subjects in Great Britain, and that threaten us in America. The 
millions upon millions of the national debt hath arisen (as we think, not by misfor- 
tune but) by exorbitant grants to place-men and pensioners. You are therefore in all 
grants of the public money to be especially careful that no more is given to any per- 
son for his services than an adequate pay for the same, and that no person be allowed 
to live in luxury and idleness or become opulently rich, at the public expense. There 
is nothing in a well ordered government that requires it; and in whatever community 
it is allowed, they are raising sucli another tribe of tyrants to destroy themselves, as 



AXD ITS PEOPLE 545 

we are now fighting against. Tliis requires nothing for its illustration hut to take a 
retrospective view of the conduct of some persons in this town, as well as other parts 
of the Province. God grant that this country may never produce any more such 
ingrates. The difiiculties we lahor under for want of an estahlislied civil government, 
necessitates us to enjoin it upon you, that you endeavor that advice of the Grand 
Continental Congress he obtained upon that matter, and that we have such a form of 
government established as that every oilicer in it be dependent upon the suffrages of 
the people for their place and pay. .\nd as Gen. Gage, commander-in-chief of his 
Majesty's forces in America, hath since he has been in Boston, sent out his troops into 
the country, who have robbed plundered and murdered a number of his Majesty's loyal 
subjects, and by fraud disarmed the inhabitants of Boston, and by breach of solemn 
contact detained some of them prisoners in Boston, and been guilty of such conduct, as 
is not only unchristian and derogatory to the character of a good soldier, but would 
be a disgrace to a savage, — you are therefore, as far as is consistent with the nature 
of your office, to give all the aid and assistance in your power, toward subjecting him 
and the army under his command, and recovering the property both public and private, 
that they have unjustly taken away, and that he and the murderers under his com- 
mand, may be brought to condign punishment, and that the estates of our domestic 
enemies may be secured for the public use. Vou are also to endeavor, that proper 
measures be taken, to supply this Colony with arms, ammunition, and all war-like 
stores necessary lor defence, and to take proper measures for keeping up harmony 
and union, with all our sister Colonies. 

Early in Ma}-, tifteen British prisoners were sent here, and after- 
ward the prison was crowded with prisoners of war. The captives were 
released on parole, whenever employment could be found for them, and 
provision was made for their support and clothing by the General As- 
sembly. In accordance with a resolve of Continental Congress, the indi- 
gent inhabitants of Boston were removed to the towns of the interior, 
and 83 persons were allotted to Worcester, but not more than half that 
number was sent here. The towns were required to furnish blankets, 
powder, muskets, etc., for the soldiers, and Worcester promptly sent its 
allotment. In November two of the cannon owned by the town were 
sent to. the defence of Gloucester. 

In the autumn of 1775 Maj. Timothy Bigelow, Capt. Jonas Hubbard 
and twelve soldiers from this town took part in Arnold's expedition 
against Quebec. Capt. Hubbard lost his life (see biography) ; Sergt. 
Silas Wesson was slain; and Timothy Rice, mortally wounded, died in 
the hospital. Major Bigelow and others were made prisoners and held 
until November, 1776, when they were paroled, afterward being 
exchanged. 

Capt. Hubbard's company in Col. Ward's regiment was stationed 
after the battle of Lexington near Charles river in Cambridge for about 
six weeks, and afterward until late in July at Fort No. 2, which they 
helped to build. They were then stationed in Dorchester, where they 
remained until mustered out. At the battle of Bunker Hill this regi- 
ment was halted a mile from the center of action. Half the regiment 
was ordered to advance and took part in the fight, but Capt. Hubbard's 
coinpany remained with the reserves for an hour, then advanced, met 
W.-I-3S. 



546 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

the retreating Americans ; was halted by order of Col. Ward, and 
remained there until the next morning, returning in the morning to the 
quarters in Fort No. 2. 

David Bancroft, elected representative July 10, was instructed by the 
town in a report prepared by Nathan Baldwin, David Bigelow, Asa 
Moore, John Nazro and Samuel Curtis, and adopted May 14, when 
Joshua Bigelow was chosen his colleague, as follows : 

To Mr. David Bancroft and Mr. Jushua Bigelow, Representatives for the Town of 
Worcester, 

Gentlemen: We, your constituents, having invested you with authority to act, 
for us in a legislative capacity, and as this is a power you received from us, to use 
and exercise for our safety and benefit, you are therefore accountable to us for all 
your conduct in said ofHce, and under indispensible obligation to observe and obey 
such instructions as we may at this or any other time give you respecting the dis- 
charging the duties of your office, so long as you remain. 

At this crisis, when the British Parliament, regardless of our natural and con- 
stitutional rights, has annihilated our Charter and demanded of us an implicit obedi- 
ence to their acts and laws in all cases whatsoever; and to reduce us to subjection 
to their mandates, His Majesty has appointed Thomas Gage Esq., Governor of this 
Colony, with an ariny under his command, who has actually robbed and murdered 
a great number of his Majesty's loyal subjects, and by proclamation has established 
martial law to be the only rule of government in this Colony, and imprisoned a great 
number of the peaceable inhabitants of the town of Boston, and has been guilty of 
many other actions that are a disgrace to humanity ; and as we have good reason 
to believe that the Deputy Governor is aiding and assisting in these cruel operations, 
we highly approve the advice of the Honorable Continental Congress, viz : to con- 
sider the Governor and Deputy Governor as absent, and for the House of Represen- 
tatives to choose a Council, and that Council to act as Governor until his Majesty 
shall please to appoint a Governor and Deputy Governor, that shall act agreeable to 
the Charter of this Colony, or it be other-vise ordered by the authority of the United 
Colonies of North America. 

The accumulated difficulties that we labor under at this time, added to those pas- 
sions that too often lead men into error, makes the task of a virtuous representative 
truly arduous. An inordinate desire of riches and power has induced some men to 
barter the rights and liberties of their constituents for a lucrative office, or some post 
of command ; from hence we think that the national debt hath, the greatest part of 
it arisen, and the liberties of Englishmen invaded, for by the accounts we often 
receive, the members of the British Parliament are very generous in granting pen- 
sions and places to each other. You are therefore to endeavor that none be elected 
Councillors but persons of established character for probity and virtue, and as it is 
expected that they will appoint executive officers, and may perhaps appoint each 
other into the most lucrative offices, and continue the fees as heretofore established, or 
refuse to give their concurrence to a more equitable law for the regulation of that 
matter, you are to use your influence that the legislative and executive authority be 
kept in separate hands as much as may be ; for we look upon it as incompatible 
with the privileges of equity for men to appoint themselves into executive offices, as 
it would be for a plaintiff that had sued for a quantum meruit to sit upon the jury 
and determine how much he should recover of the defendant. You are therefore to 
endeavor that an act be passed, that whenever any member of the Legislature be 
appointed to accept of an executive office, he shall be debarred a seat in the Legis- 
lature until he shall be re-chosen, and that his constituents shall be forthwith served 



AND ITS PEOPLE 547 

with a precept to choose some suitable person to represent them. And whereas, execu- 
tive officers being persons in fjood repute among those whom their respective offices 
immediately concern, and it is of great utility in civil society as it greatly facilitates 
subordination, you are to endeavor that no person be appointed to the office of a 
Judge of the Probate, or Register in the Probate OtTice, or a Justice of the Court 
of Common Pleas, or a Clerk of the same, or Clerk of the Court of General Sessions 
of the Peace, or Sheriff of the County, before he or they are recommended to be suit- 
able persons for their respective offices by a vote of the inhabitants of the major part 
of the towns of the County in which they are to exercise their offices. We also 
further instruct you to endeavor that we have Executive Courts established, that 
criminals may be punished in due form of law, and that creditors may recover their 
just debts; but as the long discontinuance of Courts of Justice and other circum- 
stances have stopped the circulation of money among us, to enter precipitately into 
civil actions might be attended with bad consequences to the public, you are therefore 
directed to endeavor that such a limited time be set for the commencement of civil 
actions, as shall be the most impartial between debtors and creditors and best serve 
the public. 

And whereas, Gen. Gage has broken faith with the inhabitants of Boston by 
retaining many of them and their effects there, and sending out the poor only ; and 
as there are a number of persons inimical to the liberties of this country who have 
taken refuge in Boston and left their families and considerable interests in the 
country, you are to endeavor that some method be provided that those families may 
be sent to Boston, and that their estates be appropriated to the public use ; the law 
of restoration and self preservation suggests it, and there is no breach of faith in 
doing it. In all other matters that may come under your consideration adhere strictly 
to our constitutional rights, and that you may be prospered and acquit yourself with 
honor is our fervent prayer. 

The strenuous measures taken by the committee to suppress the 
Tories are shown by the following accovmt from the Spy, Aug. 30, ITT."): 

Dr. Xahum Willard of this town, having at divers times and in the presence of 
sundry persons, most scandalously aspersed the character of some, and the proceed- 
ings of the whole of the Continental and Provincial Congresses, the Selectmen of this 
Town, and the Committee of Correspondence in general, the good people of this town 
from a knowledge of his character, for some time passed it unnoticed, from an appre- 
hension that his character was so well established for a retailer of falsehoods as to 
render him incapable of doing any public injury; but from the perverseness of his vile 
heart whereby he persisted in his wickedness, they were apprehensive he might Ije 
capable of doing some hurt in the neighboring towns, which he often frequented, and 
where his character perhaps may not be so well known, and from an apprehension 
the inhabitants of this town might hazard the imputation of having deserted the glori- 
ous cause for which this continent is now contending, in suffering such an offender 
to escape with impunity, did on the 21st inst., summon said Willard to appear before 
them in the presence of the Selectmen and some of the Committee of Correspondence, 
when witnesses were produced in support of the charges alleged against him, which 
were fully proved and committed to writing and deposited in the hands of the Select- 
men (open to inspection) the witnesses being ready to make oath to the same. 

A committee was then chosen to consider the best methods for a further procedure 
with said Willard. They reported that said Willard should have tendered to him a 
paper they had drawn up, containing a confession of his notorious scandals and false- 
hoods (without mentioning a word of his promising a reformation, as they would be 
very sorry to be the means of his adding to his falsehoods) ; this paper if he believed 



548 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

to be true, lie was to sign that evening, and as it was late, to prevent disorder, he was 
next morning to read it in such public parts of the town as the company desired, 
with which he complied. 

There was another scandalous aspersion upon the guard that conducted the 
prisoners from hence to Springfield, wherein he asserted he was told they used them 
extremely cruel, frequently pricking them with their bayonets : he was often called 
upon to name his author, and as often refused it, until the day of general enquiry, 
when he laid it upon a person four miles off, who has since declared he never told 
him so, nor ever heard of it before ; this is only mentioned to take off any bad impres- 
sion that might be made, to the prejudice of the gentlemen who conducted this matter, 
whose character is so well known here, especially for humanity, that it never affected 
it in this place. But as this matter was not of so public a nature, it was thought most 
advisable the persons who had suffered should do themselves justice; an apprehension 
that they w'ould, it is supposed, has caused the Doctor's flight, without the least regret 
of any of the inhabitants except the tory gentry. 

The confession of Dr. Willard is as follows : 

Whereas I, the subscriber, have from the perverseness of my wicked heart, 
maliciously and scandalously abused the characters and proceedings of the Continental 
and Provincial Congresses, the Selectmen of the town, and the Committees of Cor- 
respondence in general ; I do hereby declare, that at the time of my doing it, I knew 
the said abuses to be the most scandalous falsehoods, and that I did it for the sole 
purpose of abusing those bodies of men, and affronting my townsmen, and all the 
fri«nds of liberty, throughout the continent, being now fully sensible of my wickedness 
and notorious falsehoods, humbly beg pardon of those worthy characters I have so 
scandalously abused, and of my coimtrymen in general, and desire this confession of 
mine may be printed in the American Oracle of Liberty, for three wxeks successively. 

(Signed) Kahum Will.\rd. 
Attest, Benjamin Flagg, Jonathan Stone, Samuel Miller, Josiah Pierce, David Bigelow. 

Vote for Independence. — It was tinaniniously voted in town meet- 
ing May 23, 1776, that if Congress should declare the American Colonies 
independent of Great Britain "we will sustain the measure with our lives 
and iortunes." From time to time the town furnished its quota of 
men, for the army. 

The men in the service encouraged the utmost severity in dealing 
with the Tories. In Sept., 1775, the officers and men of Col. Ward's 
regiment, including many Worcester citizens, sent to the General As- 
sembly in session at Watertown the following remarkable petition : 

That when the bloody era commenced, and the brave appeared in arms to defend 
their invaluable rights against troops, formed, posted, and ordered to massacre all 
that would not submit to their merciless decrees : and all America with one heart 
and voice, cordially united to take up arms as their dernier resort for their defence, 
then these wretches trembled, some confessed, and like vermin crawling among the 
roots of vegetables, endeavoring to secrete themselves, while they are a nuisance to 
the cause of justice and judgment; or in sheep's clothing secretly watching for prey 
to gratify their voracious appetites, or availing themselves of the good opinion of the 
prudent, ascend into places of power and profit, and rendered capable of acting their 
predecessor Judas' part, when opportunity favors their designs ,and betray the good 
cause with "all hail," and a hypocritical kiss. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



549 



That nthcrs tk-d to I'ostoii. there to advise and act as open and avowed enemies 
to their brethren; eneouraging the dislieartened and chagrined troops to all merci- 
less acts of violence and bloody scenes; stimulating the British Ministry and all the 
tools of tyrainiy to pursue their bloody decrees with all vengeance upon us, by which 
means, in our humble opinion they have forfeited all right to American property, 
and even their lives with every aggravation of guilt, as did ever a bloody set of mer- 
ciless robbers, or desperate pirates. 

That as some of these vermin, or worse, emissaries of tvranny, are crawling out 
of Boston to their forfeited seats in Worcester, there is reason to suspect, that either 
their expectations fail, and therefore they would gladly return to their former seats 
and profits, until a more favorable opportunity presents to carry their evil machina- 
tions into execution, or, they are contriving, by degrees, to slide back to their seats, 
and there avail themselves of the good opinion of the people, in order to play their 
parts, to divide and subdivide, or by some method weaken our union, or to form some 
diabolical plan for the Ministry to save the supremacy of Parliament, under some 
soft, sophistical, reconciliatory terms. 

Wherefore, we. your humble memoralists. entreat your honors not to suffer any 
of those who return, however humble and penitent they may appear, to go at large, 
or return to their former seats, or even to be so far favored as to be confined within 
the limits of Worcester, but treat them as they deserve, eneiriies in a superlative 
degree ; confine them close, and render them incapable of doing harm, or return them 
to Boston their favorite asylum. 

Vour Honor's petitioners can but flatter tliemselves with a most sanguine expec- 
tation of this so rational request being fully granted, especially as we are risking our 
lives in our country's cause; it must greatly dishearten us to hear our most notorious 
enemies are tolerated and winked at, while on the other hand we find no necessity to 
pray to our commander-in-chief for a detachment to apprehend and confine enemies 
who are secured properly by our civil fathers under whose jurisdiction they appear; 
and thus encouraged as in duty bound, shall ever pray. ^ 

Dorchester, Sept. 27, 1775. 

"The gentlemen who were driven from their habitations in the 
country to the town of Boston" made a final declaration in an address to 
Gen. Gage on his departure for England, Oct. T, ITTo, as follows: 

To his Excellency. Thomas Gage Esqr.. Captain General and Commander-in-Chief in 
and over his Majesty's Province of Massachusetts Bay in New England. 

May it please your Excellency : When we reflect upon the surjirising effects of 
that enthusiasm and infatuation which are so generally prevalent in the country, and 
the variety of dangers to which the loyal and obedient have been exposed, we feel the 
most grateful sensations towards your Excellency, and are an.xious to acknowledge 
our obligations to your wisdom and prudence. We consider ourselves indebted to 
you for protection from the lawless fury and unbridled violence of our countrymen, 
and had not events taken place beyond what human wisdom could foresee, and con- 
trary to any human calculation upon rational principles, we might in all probability 
have been further indebted to your Excellency for a reconciliation of the unhappy 
differences that subsist, and a restoration to harmony, happiness and peace. 

It is with regret we think of your Excellency's departure from this Province, but 
we are relieved in some degree, by a consideration of the very important services 
you will render this country, by a just representation of its present state at the Court 
of Great Britain ; by the confidence we repose in the abilities of your successor to the 
civil and military command, the hopes of your speedy return, and the anticipa- 
tion of an establishment of the rightful supremacy of Parliament over this part of his 



550 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Majesty's dominions. Justly meriting and possessed of the esteem and applause of 
the virtuous and good, happy in the pleasing reflections of an approving conscience, 
and blessed with the gracious plaudits of the best of Kings, your opportunities will be 
equal to the inclination you have ever discovered, to restore and settle on the most 
lasting basis, that union of the interests of Great Britain and the Colonies, so indis- 
pensably necessary to the happiness of both. 

We sincerely lament that the number who have dared to stem the torrent of 
rebellion and sedition in this Province is so small, but we trust that the cordial thanks 
of even a few (who have fled from oppression, who have sacrificed their properties 
and every domestic enjoyment, and are now ready to risk their lives to manifest 
their loyalty to the best of sovereigns) will not be unacceptable to your Excellency. 

Be pleased, sir, to accept the ardent wishes of these few faithful and grateful 
subjects, that your voyage may be prosperous and agreeable, and that your unwearied 
endeavors for the public service may be crowned with success. 
Boston, Oct. 7, 1775. 

Among the 7G Loyalists who signed this document were the follow- 
ing from Worcester: James Putnam, Samuel Paine, Adam Walker, 
William Campbell, John Chandler, Nathaniel Chandler, William Chand- 
ler and James Putnam Jr., (see their biographies). Gen. Gage made a 
kindly reply, assuring them that his successor would afford them every 
favor and protection. Another document affording a comprehensive 
statement of the Loyalist's point of view is the petition of Clark Chand- 
ler (Lovell's Hist., p. 73). 

To take the place of the suspended civil government, two justices of 
the peace, Samuel Curtis and William Young, were elected in January, 
1776, and in May, Nathan Baldwin was chosen to take acknowledgments 
of debts, where the amount exceeded 20 pounds. 

Declaration of Independence. — On Sunday, July 14, 1776, the Dec- 
laration of Independence was read publicly for the first time in Massa- 
chusetts by Isaiah Thomas, editor of the Spy, from the porch of the Old 
South Meeting House. The copy was obtained from the messenger who 
was on his way to Boston. Later in the day the document was read 
again in the church. A celebration of the signing of the Declaration of 
Independence was held July 22, and the Spy (July 24) describes the 
events as follows : 

On Monday last, a number of patriotic gentlemen of this town, animated with a 
love of their country, and to show their approbation of the measures lately taken by 
the Grand Council of America, assembled on the green near the liberty pole, where, 
after having displayed the colors of the thirteen Confederate Colonies of America, the 
bells were set ringing and the drums a beating ; after which the Declaration of Inde- 
pendence of the United States was read to a large and respectable body, among whom 
were the Selectmen and Committee of Correspondence assembled on the occasion, who 
testified their approbation by repeated huzzas, firing of musketry and cannon, bon- 
fires and other demonstrations of joy. When the arms of that tyrant in Britain, 
George the III, of execrable memory, which in former times decorated, but of late 
disgraced the court house in this town, were committed to the flames and consumed 
to ashes ; after which a select company of the sons of freedom, repaired to the tavern 
lately known by the Sign of the King's Arms, which odious signature of despotism, 



AND ITS PEOPLE 551 

was taken down by order of the people, whicli was cheerfully complied with by the 
innkeeper, where the following toasts were drank, and tlic eveniiiK spent with joy on 
the commencement of the happy era. (Lovell j). 82). 

The adoption of a constitution became a pre.ssinj^ c[iicstion. At a 
town meeting in Septemlier, the town dechned to approve of the jiroposi- 
tion to authorize the Council and J louse of lvcpresentati\es to achjpt a 
constitution, tlie reason being that so many leading men were absent in 
the army. 

Military activity increased on Ixith sides. A fifth of the militia of 
the State was sent to New York, and a fourth of the remainder was 
ordered in readiness for marching. Frequent calls were made for troops 
for the defence of Boston. In December, Gov. Cooke of Rhode Island, 
appealed for assistance in repelling the invaders, and many volunteers 
went from this town, in addition to Capt. William Gates's company in 
Col. Holman's regiment. The roll of this company is jirinted elsewhere. 
New York sent 31 prisoners charged with treasonable practices to the 
custody of the Worcester committee in October. 

A new policy toward the Loyalists in this town was adopted in 
November, and -an ap[)eal for their co-operation made in the following 
order: 

[From the Massachusetts Spy. Nov. 27. 1776.] 

In Committee Chamber, Worcester. Nov. 18, 1776. 
As expedients are no longer wise, prudent and politic, than the reasons on which 
they were founded exist, and effects are reversed by a mutation of causes; as the 
demands of our country are continually variating. and the complexion of public afifairs 
incessantly altering ; as our dangers and our fears subside by the approach of tlie 
enemy, and their acts of division have produced unanimity; as the Resolve of the 
State on the 8th of May, 1775, was a temporary provision, and has had its operation; 
as the resolution of our predecessors in office, disarming and confining to this town 
a number of its inhabitants, was expressly to prevent their joining our avowed ene- 
mies, and to deprive them of the means of obstructing measures adopted for the com- 
mon defence ; as the suffering, servile, spurned attendance on a passing camp, the 
fate of the parricides who have joined the adversary, must deter all, but the mad, 
from repeating the experiment, and the recent epistolary lamentations of disappointed 
refugees extorts the Poet's cry : 

"Ye Gods! if there be a man I hate. 
Let attendance and dependence be his fate." 

As this day's spectacle* of wretched, deluded objects, the ruined, exiled grovell- 
ings, spued out of a sister State, is a serious warning to persons sporting with the 
feelings of a whole continent, be they whom, wliere, or what they may, and the Wor- 
cester gaol filled with the same engaging geniuses, will remain a standing memento 
of future dangers to the unfriendly ; as the Congress for the Continent have sup- 
posed, there were some who through weakness deceived others, from an apprehension 
that British power was irresistible, frightening them into opposition, and recom- 
mended such as subjects of kindness, reason and reformation; as the privilege of 



*This day about one Iiundred Tories passed through this town imder a military 
guard, on their way to Exeter. 



552 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

repenting is one of the most precious indulgences incident to erring mortals, and 
when attended with an amendment of principle and practice, is happy for the man, 
useful to society and pleasing to heaven ; as some of the suspected are loud in pro- 
claiming their affection for their country, their grievances from a disarmed confine- 
ment and their readiness for exertion in the general struggle; as early in the dis- 
pute, when the expediency of measures was the topic of the day possibly a mere dif- 
ference of opinion was the too slender ground of some hasty suspicions, and a subse- 
quent change of sentiment and conduct may have laid the foundations for forgive- 
ness and friendship, which are equally Christian and political duties; as an army 
potent enough to make all Europe tremble, and a fleet sufficiently fiery to have set the 
seas on flames, have been able in a summer's campaign, only to effect the possession 
of lines deserted from policy, a few evacuated towns, the retreat of a picket guard, 
and the rout of an advanced detachment, or a rambling party, by the weight of solid 
columns and heavy artillery, the timorous and the doubting must have become courage- 
ous and resolved; as the disaffected from principle, have not now to learn from the 
enemy's not attacking our main army or effecting a progress into the country, from 
their hugging the borders of the ocean under cover of their hostile arks, that the 
conquest of America is an event never to be expected ; as under such circumstances, 
joining the regulars would be a perpetual exile, poverty, slavery and death ; and 
cooperating with freemen with Americans, would be rational, manly, triumph, freedom 
and glory ; as the present struggle is bottomed on such principles as ought to make 
every man a party, and the time is hastening when there can be no neuter, no drones 
in the hive ; as the restraining an Englishman to a single town is in derogation of a 
common right, depriving him of his arms, an infraction on liberty, and recording 
him a Tory, stamping him with infamy, and cannot be justified, but upon principles 
of public necessity; as the preparation for war is a duty enforced by the law of our 
being, and the weapons of death are necessary for the preservation of our own and the 
lives of our neighbors ; that the deceiver and the deceived, the timorous and the 
obstinate, the dissembler and the undesigning, the abusive and the well meaning, the 
ambiguous and the honest, may all have a full, fair, and ample opportunity of giving 
full, fair and ample assurance of their friendship to Independence, and their readiness 
to assist and join their countrymen in opposition to both open and secret enemies ; 
that the discontented may be disarmed of every objection, that every barrier to their 
duty may be removed, and suitable encouragement tendered, and finally, as a more 
effectual provision is made and now making, both for the restraint and punishment 
of him who dares to be a dangerous man and makes war upon the rights and interests 
of rising States, either by avowed exertions, or concealed machinations, and as no 
good reason can be given for continuing the mere existence of the Resolve made by 
our predecessors aforesaid: 

Therefore, Resolved, that it is inexpedient that the Resolution of the late Com- 
mittee of this town, disarming and confining a number of its inhabitants be any 
longer in force ; that such persons once more be put on a standing with the rest of 
their fellow countrymen, that they be allowed the privileges of Englishmen, of friends 
to their country, of passing where and when they please, until they evidence by their 
conduct and behavior a different character, and that such as have arms in the pos- 
session of the Committee may receive the same by making application to Mr. Baldwin, 
their chairman. 

2ndly. Resolved, that it be recommended to all the firm and tried friends to their 
country, to endeavor and convince persons of every degree, character and complexion, 
that the cause we are engaged in is of too much dignity to be sullied by rashness, too 
important, too seriously important, to be weakened by tumult, divisions and party 
strife ; that liberty receives strength and vigor from prudence and consideration ; 
that justice, equity and regularity, and in some instances moderation, are her dear- 
est friends ; that she courts virtue as her bosom companion, and shuns vice as her 



AND ITS PEOPLE 553 

dangerous enemy; and therefore equally avoiding feverish fits of political heat, and 
[ ] banishing from llieir l)reasts all personal prejudices, private piques, narrow 

opinions, illiberal distinctions and unbecoming jealousies; displaying a magnanimity 
proportioned to the importance and danger of the struggle, cultivating harmony of 
sentiment, and unanimity of councils, and carefully distinguishing between the friend 
and the foe ; tliat it is wisdom (acting discreetly, firmly, unitedly and spiritedly) to 
receive all such to their favor, friendship and confidence, who will give ample and 
satisfactory assurances of their readiness to join in the defence of their much injured 
country, and their steady, persevering attachment to her glorious cause, at the same 
time to exercise a vigilant attention to those who continue notoriously in opposition; 
those who secretly influence under the principle of an effected neutrality, and those 
who labor to conceal themselves under a despicable cloak of cunning duplicity, if any 
such there be. 

3rdly. Resolved, that it be recommended to the good people of this town, that 
they use their utmost endeavor immediately to equip themselves with every implement 
of war, as the necessary means of defence from a foreign attack, or internal 
insurrection. 

Per Order of the Committee of Correspondence, Inspection and Safety of Wor- 
cester. 

N.\TH.\N Baldwin, Chairman. 

One-seventli of the men between sixteen and sixty were ordered 
drafted in January, 177?, to complete the quota of the town in the Con- 
tinental army, to serve at least eight months. A bounty of £20 was 
voted to each man enlisting here at a meeting on Mar. IS. A dozen 
more of the New York prisoners, aided by Tories, broke jail Jan. 12, but 
were soon recaptured. 

The change in ratio of representation voted by the General Assem- 
bly, was opposed at a town meeting March 14, 1777, and Joshua Bige- 
low, the representative, unanimously instructed to use his utmost endeav- 
ors to obtain a repeal of the act. 

Another list of Tories was furnished by the selectmen June IG, 
including; Nahum Willard, David Moore, Samuel Moore, Cornelius 
Stowell, Jacob Chamberlain, John Curtis, Gardner Chandler, Micah 
Johnson, Joshua Johnson, William Curtis, Nathan Patch, Joseph Blair, 
John Barnard, Palmer Goulding. Jacob Stevens, Joseph Clark and James 
Hart Jr. William Dawes was chosen to collect evidence against them. 
On the 30th the names of Robert Crawford and Micah Johnson Jr., were 
added to the list, but doubts as to the justice of the luethod of prose- 
cution caused the town to suspend action in the cases, excepting as to 
Nahutu Willard, David Moore, Samuel Moore, Capt. John Curtis, Wil- 
liam Curtis, Micah Johnson Jr. and Robert Crawford, who were, how- 
ever, in December, received "into the town's favor," and prosecution 
stopped. 

A company under Capt. Jesse Stone, of the South Parish, and Lt. 
Nathaniel Stone, of this town, containing some soldiers from Worces- 
ter, marched to Bennington, arriving the day after the battle, serving 
two months, arriving home Sept. 2. 



554 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

In August every sixth man was drafted for the northern army for 
three months. Another alarm soon afterward called out a company 
under Lt. Col. Benjamin Flagg and Capt. David Chadwick, but when 
it reached Hadley, it was ordered home. Early in October Gen. Bur- 
goyne and his captured army passed through town on the way to 
Boston. 

The Confederation adopted in Congress was approved by the town 
Jan. 12, 1777. 

In February, 1778, thirty-seven men from Capt. Ebenezer Lovell's 
company and twenty-six from Capt. Joshua Whitney's enlisted for three 
years. A battalion was formed for service on the Hudson river, for 
which this town furnished fifteen men. Twelve men were drafted for 
the Continental army to serve nine months. 

The town did not approve of the State Constitution, rejecting it by a 
vote of 9 to 49, May 19, 1778. 

Six men were drafted here in June to join an expedition to Rhode 
Island, and four more to guard prisoners from Burgoyne's army. 

The taxes failed to furnish sufficient money for the support of the 
army, and money was liberally loaned by patriots. In this town Wil- 
liam Young, Josiah Pierce, Nathan Perry and John Kelso lent money to 
pay soldiers. 

The leading Tories who left the province were finall}' forbidden to 
return by the General Assembly. A second visit to their old homes was 
forbidden under penalty of death. The Worcester exiles named in this 
Act were : John Chandler, Rufus Chandler, William Chandler, James 
Putnam, Adam Walker and William Paine. (See Old Families). An 
act of confiscation was passed April 13, and under this act the property 
of these Loyalists was sold for the benefit of the government. 

Depreciation of Money. — The depreciation in value of the paper 
money caused the calling of a convention of delegates to be held at Con- 
cord, July 14, 1778, and it was attended by Joseph Barber and David 
Bigelow of this town. Prices were fixed for various articles of pro- 
duce and merchandise. The local Committee of Correspondence 
approved the acts of the convention, Aug. 2, a committee was chosen 
to consider the depreciation of currency and their report was adopted at 
a town meeting Aug. 5, as follows : 

Whereas, the reinstating and supporting the credit of our paper currency is of the 
highest importance, in respect to the political salvation of the United States of 
America, — and as it is the duty of all distinct bodies in the Commonwealth, as well 
corporate as individual, to exert their utmost efforts to carry into effect a purpose of 
such indispensable necessity. 

Therefore, we, the inhabitants of the town of Worcester, in town meeting assem- 
bled, do resolve : 

1st. That unanimity and fortitude in carrying into effectual execution the 
measures so judiciously recommended and urged by the late Convention held at Con- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 555 

cord, will be a specific remedy and antidote against the depreciation of our currency, 
render it of value, and give it a permanent establishment. 

2d. Resolved, that the harmony, unanimity and perfect coalescence of the dif- 
ferent interests in the late Convention arc a shining example, worthy of the imitation 
of this and our sister States, and a happy presage of tlie effectual completion of the 
design in contemplation. 

3d. Resolved, that as our pulilic affairs were in a great degree reduced to the 
alarming state they were in, and the good people of these States involved in the great- 
est danger by men destitute of all principles except those of avarice and cir- 
cumvention, 

Therefore, it is our duty to exhibit those who shall continue in the same line of 
behavior in the future, to the view of the public, that they may be subjected to the 
frowns of the community and branded with infamy. 

4th. As many of the respectable merchants and fair traders have retired from 
business, their places have been supplied by an augmented number of locusts and 
canker worms in human form, who have increased and proceeded along the road 
to plunder, until they have become odiously formidable, and their contagious influ- 
ence dangerously prevalent, 

Therefore, Resolved, that such persons ought not to be admitted to bear a part 
in any mercantile consultations, but should be considered pestilential mushrooms of 
trade which have come up in the night of public calamity, and ought to perish in the 
same night. 

5th. Whereas, regrators in the public market, forestallers, engrossers of the 
produce of the country, and higglers, have had a great share in depreciating the pub- 
lic currency by their pernicious practices. 

Resolved, that all such persons are guilty of a dangerous opposition to the meas- 
ures necessary to promote the well-being and prosperity of this country, and ought 
to be subjected to the resentment and indignation of the public, whether their con- 
duct proceeds from a general disaffection to public measures, and the Independence of 
these States, or from private motives of sordid avarice. 

6th. And as there is another set of persons equally atrocious, and dangerous 
ofTenders against the safety of the country, viz : those who withhold corn, and other 
necessaries of life, 

Resolved, that wdioever refuses to sell the surplus of the produce of his farm, and 
retains the same to procure a higher price, by means of an artificial scarcity, is very 
criminally accessory to the calamities of the country, and ought to be subjected to 
those penalties and disabilities which are due to an inveterate enemy. 

7th. Resolved, that we shall consider any fraudulent subterfuge, or artful eva- 
sion of the rules and arrangements that shall be made here in conformity to the meas- 
ures recommended by the Convention, as equally criminal with a direct violation of 
the express letter of such rules and regulations. 

8th. And whereas, this town has chosen a large Committee of Inspection to join 
with, aid and assist the Committee of Correspondence in carrying into execution 
such rules and regulations as shall be made here, agreeable to the proceedings and 
resolutions of said Convention, we do resolve to support said Committee in the full 
and complete discharge of their duty in this behalf, so long as such measures shall be 
deemed necessary by the public. 

9th. Resolved, that this town will elect delegates to meet in another Convention 
at Concord, at the time and for the purpose by the late Convention recommended. 

10th. Resolved, that as this town is fully sensible of the necessity of the different 
interests harmonizing and acting in full concert with each other for the accomplish- 
ment of the happy purposes aforementioned, we will exert ourselves to the utmost of 
our power, to cement that union which so happily subsists between the fair and 
upright merchant and the honest yeomanry of the State. 



556 HISTORY OF IV ORG ESTER 

A county convention held Aug. 31 voted to fix maxinnnn prices for 
lahijr, produce and merchandise. Hut the effect of this action was not 
what was expected. Tlie liardship caused by the excessive issue of 
paper money continued unabated. 

Thirteen men were sent to join \\'ashington"s army on the Hudson 
river, Sept. 14, ITTO. 

The Bill of Rights was submitted to the town, May 3!>, 1180, and 
accepted with some exceptions. 

In June, 1780, twenty-two men were furnished for six months; in 
July twenty-eight men for three months, and five for duty at Spring- 
field ; also twelve horses for transjjortation service and the cavalry. 
Great difficulty was found in filling the town's quota of 29 men in De- 
cember. The citizens were divided into 29 classes, according to the 
amotmt of taxes paid, and each class required to furnish one man. The 
plan was successful. 

The surrender'of Cornwallis was reported in the Spy of Xov. 8, 1781, 
as follows : 

On Friday evening arrived in this town a further conlirmation. with some of the 
articles of capitulation (as published under the Hartford head) of the surrender of 
Lieut. General Earl Cornwallis and his Whole Army, composed of the flower of the 
British troops in America, to the allied army, commanded by our illustrious General 
Washington, and the fleet of his Most Christian Majesty, cominanded by Count de 
Grasse; an event that must affect every patriotic American with joy and pleasing 
sensibility. In consequence of this glorious intelligence, yesterday rfiorning was 
ushered in by ringing of bells, discharging of cannon, displaying of colors, attended 
with the shouts of a grateful populace, and even Aurora advanced and unlocked the 
ruddy gates of the morning, with a sympathetic smile. At noon a numl)er of gentle- 
men assembled and dined together at the Sun Tavern, after which the follow'ing toasts 
were drank, with the discharge of cannon. In the evening were illuminations. &c. 

Six men were drafted into the armv in March, 1782. Tliis was the 
last requisition made for troops here. 

A statement of grievances was prepared and ado])ted at a town meet- 
ing June 8, 1782, indicating the general suffering for want of money. 
Following are the instructions to Samuel Curtis, the representative : 

Worcester, June 8, 1782. 
To Samuel Curtis, Esq. 

Sir: We, reposing special trust and confidence in your great patriotism, conduct 
and fidelity, have elected you to represent us in the Great and General Court the 
present year; notwithstanding our reliance on your wisdom and integrity, we think 
it necessary to instruct ypu relative to some particular matters of grievance, which 
we think we labor under, viz : 

I. That a Receiver General of this extensive Commonwealth should be a Jus- 
tice of the Pleas in the county of Middlesex, by which he is rendered unable to attend 
his office as Treasurer of the Commonwealth, during the time he attends the courts 
in said county, by which many persons have been, and others no doubt, will be put 
to considerable expense, besides loss of time and disappointment, who have business 
witli him as Treasurer. 



AND ITS PEOPLli 557 

2. As there is a recommendation of Congress, that such officers as have hcen 
deranged, and not in actual service, have half i)ay during life, if saiil recommenda- 
tion lias, or should take place, we look upon it as a great grievance. 

3. That the members of the General Court, wlu-n acting as committees of the 
same, have large wages over and above their pay a> Representatives, is a grievance, 
which we justly complain of. 

4. That Representatives having nine shillings jjer day, considering the scarcity 
of money, and the difficulty of obtaining thereof, being almost double what they form- 
erly had. when money was much plentier and easier to be had. we think a grievance. 

5. We think it a great grievance that there has not been general settlement with 
the Treasurer of this Commonwealth, and with all others who have been entrusted 
with the expenditure of pulilic monies, and have not accounted for the same. 

6. We tliink it a grievance that the state of the Treasury is not known to the 
inhabitants of tliis Commonwealth, and would have you use your influence, that in 
future, the (.eneral Court transmit to every town, ainuially, an account of the expen- 
ditures of all public inoney. 

7. As tlie sitting of the General Court in the town of Boston, is attended with 
many inconveniences, we think said Court's sitting in said town a grievance. 

8. That the sitting of the Court of Common Pleas, and General Sessions of the 
Peace, at the same time, much interfere with cacli other, by which means the county 
is put to the cost of paying many Justices many days, when much less time would 
answer the purpose as well. 

9. It has been represented that there have been large grants of land made to 
Alexander Shepard and others, lying in the old Province of Maine, that there has not 
been a more strict enquiry made whether tlieir claims do not far exceed their original 
grants, is complained of. 

These, Sir, are our sentiments as matters of grievance, which we instruct you to 
use your utmost exertions to guard a.gainst, and obtain redress, as becomes an indi- 
vidual member of the General Assembly. 

Lists of Revolutionary Soldiers 

Lincoln makes the following estimate of the soldiers from this town 
in the Revolutionary War: One colonel, two lieut. -colonels, two majors, 
seven captains, 10 lieutenants, five ensigns, 20 sergeants, and 389 pri- 
vates, but the estimate is probably too large, on account of the enlist- 
ments or drafting of the same man at various times. The list prepared 
by Mrs. Mary Cochran Dodge in 1902 contains a total of 37.5 names. In 
this list duplicates are avoided, but narnes of soldiers living in other 
towns and credited to this town are included, as well as the soldiers 
from the South Parish, which was incorporated as the town of Ward 
during the war. 

ROLL OF CAPT. TIMOTHY BIGELOW'S COMPANY, 

in the Colony Service, on the Alarm of April 19, 1775. 

Timothy Bigelow, Captain. John Pierce, Corporal. 

Jonas Hulibard, ist Lieut. Cyprian Stevens, 

John Smith, 2d " Joel Smith, 

"William Gates. Sergeant. Nathaniel Heywood," 

Nathaniel Harrington, " Eli Putnam, Drummer. 

John Kanady, " John Hair, Fifer. 

William Dana, " Joseph Pierce, " 



558 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Peter Boyden, 
Benjamin Bennett, 
David Chadwick, 
Eli Chapin, 
Philip Donehue, 
Benjamin Estabrook, 
Josiah Flagg. 
Phinehas Flagg. 
Nathaniel Flagg, 
Josiah Gates, 
Thomas Gates. 
Jonathan Gleason, 
William Griggs, 
Edward Hair, 
Asa Harrington, 
John Hall, 
Artcmas Knight, 
John Knower, 
Ephraim Miller, 
William Miles, 
Joseph Morse, 
Jonas Nichols, 
Solomon Smith. 
Phinehas Ward, 
Ebenezer Wiswall, 
Josiah Pierce, 
James Wiser, 
Daniel Haven.- 
William Trowbridge, 
John Cole, 
Joseph Ball, 



Private. 



Jonathan Stone. 
Samuel Wesson, 
Thomas Nicholas, 
Thomas Nichols, 
Samuel Harrington, 
Thomas Lynde. 
Joseph Cimningham, 
Robert Crawford, 
Moses Hamilton, 
Samuel Bennett. 
Samuel Hemmenway, 
William Walker, 
Nicholas Powers, 
Daniel Willington, 
William Curtis, 
William Treadwell, 
Edward Swan, 
Joseph Curtis, 
Samuel Cook, 
Samuel Duncan, 
Asa Ward, 
Elisha Fuller, 
John Totman, 
Joseph Thorp, 
George Walker, 
Thomas Drury, 
Samuel Brown, 
Adam Hemmenway, 
James Taylor, 
Joseph Miller, 
Josiah Perry, 



Benjamin Flagg, Captain. 
William McFarland, Lieut. 
Ebenezer Lovell, Ensign. 
Daniel Beard, Serg't. 

Benjamin Flagg, Jr., " 
Eleazer Holbrook, Private. 
Isaac Morse. " 

Abel Holbrook, 
Jacob Holmes, Jr., " 

Simeon Duncan. " 

Samuel Ward, " 

Eleazer Hawes, " 

Isaac Gleason, " 

Robert Smith, 
Samuel Sturtevant, " 



ROLL OF CAPT. BENJAMIN FLAGG'S COMPANY, 
in the Colony Service on the Alarm of April 19, 1775. 

Oliver Pierce, " 



Daniel Stearns, 
Edward Crafts, 
Samuel Gates, 
Simon Gates, 
Isaac Knight. 
Ezekicl Howe, Jr., 
Abel Flagg, 
Levi Houghton, 
Samuel Whitney, 
Benjamin Whitney, Jr., 
Josiah Harrington, 
Jonathan Stone, 
Samuel Miller, Jr., 



ROLL OF COMPANY FROM WORCHESTER, 
Under Capt. Jonas Hubbard, August i, 1775. 
Enlisted, Joseph Pierce, " 



Jonas Hubbard, Capt. April 24, 1775. 

John Smith, 1st Lieut. 

William Gates. 2d Lieut. 

Nathaniel Harrington, Serg't. 

John Kanady, " 

John Pierce, " 

Cyprian Stevens, " 

Joel Smith, Corporal, April 23. 

Nathaniel Heywood, " " 24. 

Jonathan Stone, " 

Samuel Wesson, " 

Joseph Ball, Drummer, 

John Hair, Fifer, 



Peter Boyden, 
Benjamin Bennett, 
David Chadwick, 
Eli Chapin, 
Philip Donehue, 
Benjamin Estabrook, 
Josiah Flagg, 
Phinehas Flagg, 
Nathaniel Flagg, 
Josiah Gates, 
Thomas Gates, 
Jonathan Gleason, 
William Griggs, 



Private, 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



559 



Gideon Griggs, 
Edward Hair, 
Asa Harringtim, 
Jolm Hall, 
John Knower, 
Arteinas Knight, 
Ephraim Miller, 
William Miles, 
Joseph Morse, 
Jonas Nichols, 
Josiah Fierce, 
Solomon Smith, 
Ithanier .'•inith. 
Phinehas Ward, 
Ebenezcr W'iswall, 
James Wiser, 
Daniel Haven, 

This Roll is dated Aug. 1 



Enli 


sted. 


William Trowbridge, 


J "lie 7- 


Private, Apr 


il24. 


Eli I'ntnam, 








John Cole. 


" June 6. 






Daniel Cialc. 


May I. 






Samuel (iates, 


" April 25. 






Simon Gates. 


(i 4, 






Simon Crosby, 


May I 






Uriah Eaton, 


" " 3 






John McGuire, 








Silas Henry, 


" I 






Gershoni Holmes, 


" April 25 






Elijah Hawes, 


" " 






Isaac Jones, 


May 3 






Thomas Nichols, 


" April 26 






David Richards, 


!'. i. ^5 






Richard Stowers, 








Ebenezer Ephraim, 


May I 






Jonas Clark, 


" " 



1775. These men served .1 nionths and 15 days. 



LIST OF MEN LN COL. THOMAS CRAFTS' REGIMENT OF ARTILLERY, 1775. 
Edward Crafts, Captain. William Treadwell, 2d Lieut. 



Nath'l Nazro, Capt. Lieut. 
William Dana, 1st Lieut. 



William Trowbridge, Private. 



ALL FROM WORCESTER IN OTHER COMPANIES, 1775. 

Col. lona Ward's. 



Timothy .'.igelow. Major. 

Samuel Fairfield, Private. 

Samuel l.rown, 1st Lieut. 

Daniel Ji Inison, Corporal. 

Reuben ; ancroft, Private. 

William .'^ teams, (?) " 

Asa Stea: ns, 

William teams, " 

Titus Smith, 

Robert Jennison, 

Col. Eph. Doolittle, John Jones. 



Seth Washburne. 
Josiah Fay. 



Col. John .Xixon. 
Col. Eph. Doolittle. 



Regiment. 



Wm. Smith. 
Joseph BuUen. 
Jolm Jones. 



Captain. 



Samuel Stearns, Jr.. 
Isaac Cutting, 
Phinehas Smith, ( ?) 
Josepli Thorp, 
Edward Conner, 
Phinehas Smith, 
Samuel Stearns, 
Isaac Cutting, 



ROLL OF CAPT. WILLIAM GATES' COMPANY, 



In Col. Jonathan Holman's Regiment in Chelsea Camp, New York, Sept. 4, 1776. 

William Gates. Captain. Elisha Dunham. Private. 

Nathaniel Heywood, 2d Lieut. 



♦Jonas Nichols, 
Ph.nehas Flagg, 
Reuben Rice, 
Benjamin Chapin, 
Jo.>iiah l'"lagg, 
Ebene er Wiswall, 
Thomas Gates, 
Gideon Griggs, 
♦Joseph Boyden, 
♦Jonathan Bancroft, 
Benjamin Cutting, 
Daniel Chadwick, 
James Case, 
Isaac Cutting, 
Nathan Cutler, 
Zebulon Cutting, 



Sergeant. 



Corporal. 



Drummer. 
Private. 



Elisha Dunham. 
Richard Draper, 
Simeon Duncan, 
Sanniel Gates, 
Silas Gates. 
Vernon Gleason, 
Joshua Harrington, 
William Harris, 
Samuel Hemmenway, 
Silas Henry, 
Isaac Kingman, 
Daniel Moore, 
John McGuire, 
♦William Kenney, 
Phinehas Rice. 
Daniel Stowell, 
Daniel Stearns, 
Noah Sturtevant, 



56o 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Peter Slater, Private. 

Solotnon Smith, 

Phinehas Smith, 

William Stearns, 

♦William Stone, 

William Stowell, 

James Taylor, 

♦Thomas Severy, 

Moses Wilder, 

•Men from tlie South Parish, now Auburn 



Benjamin Flagg, 
Elisha Fuller, 
Daniel Gale, 
Noah Gale, 
Paul Gates, 
Phinehas Gleason, 
Reuben Gleason, 
William Knight, 



Private. 



MEN FROM WORCESTER IN COL. THOMAS CRAFTS' REGIMENT 
OF ARTILLERY, 1776. 



Edward Church Weld, 
James Kennedy, 
Elisha Smith, 
Uriah Eaton, 
David Gleason, 
Talman Allen. 
Nathan Johnson, 
Samuel Furbush, 
Ebenezer Hastings, 
Daniel Baird, 
Titus Smith, 
William Harrington, 
Noah Harrington, 
William Griggs, 
Samuel Griggs, 
W. Gray, Capt. 
John Gray, 
Joseph Thorp, 
Samuel Duncan, 
Edward Hair, 
William Shiel, 
Jacob Smith, 
Elisha Clark, 
David Clark, 
Jedediah Healy. 



Matross. 



5th Gunner. 

Sergeant. 

Fifer. 

Bombardier. 

Matross. 



Sergeant. 

Corporal. 

Bombardier. 

Matross. 



Thomas Melville. 
James Swan. 



William Todd. 



Winthrop Gray. 
David Henshaw. 



Rank. Capt 


aln. 


LIST OF MEN IN COL. THOMAS CRAFTS' REGIM 


Job Weeden, 


Corporal. 


James Swan, 


Major. 


Simon Crosby, 


Matross. 


Nathaniel Nazro, 


Capt. Lieut. 


Samuel Duncan, 


Sergeant. 


Edward Hair, 


*' 


Eben. Hastings, 


Bombardier. 


Simeon Duncan, 


'* 


David Clark, 


Gunner. 


Elisha Clark, 


'' 


John Hair, 


Fifer. 


Jedediah Healy, 


Matross. 


Jacob Smith, 


" 


Titus Smith, 


Fifer. 


William Harrington, 


Gunner. 


James Furbush, 


Matross. 


Noah Harrington, 


Matross. 


Samuel Griggs, 


*' 


William Griggs, 


Gunner. 


Edward Church Weld, 


Filer. 


Alexander Wilson, 


Matross. 


James Kennedy, 


" 


Rank. Company 





Capt. John Balch. 

1st Company. 

Capt. David Henshaw. 



Capt. William Todd. 

14 

(( 

Capt. William Todd. 
Capt. Thomas Melville. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



561 



ROLL OF CAPT. DAVID CHADWICK'S COMPAXY, 



That marched to Hadley on an alarm at B 
Benjamin Flagg, by desire of Brigad 
Lieut. Col. 



Benjamin Flagg, 
Samuel Brown, 
David Chadvvick, 
Abel Holl)rook, 
Jonathan Stone, 
Nathaniel Brooks, 
James Moore, 
Josiah Harrington, 
Ph in eh as Jones, 
Josiah Flagg, 
John Moore, 
Joseph Ball. 
William Bu.\ton, 
Daniel Beard, 
Jonas Bancroft, 
Jonas Bancroft 2d, 
Jona. Bancroft. 
Benjamin Bancroft, 
Gershom Bigelow, Jr., 
Timothy Barber, 
Isaac Chadwick, 
John Crowle, 
Elisha Clark, 
Elisha Crosby. 
Timothy Carter, 
Jonathan Cutler, 
Wilson Chamberlain, 
Oliver Curtis, 
Eli Chapin, 
Benjamin Carter, 
Simeon Duncan, 
Simeon Duncan, Jr., 
Thomas Eaton, 
Jolni Elder, 
Nathaniel Flagg, 
Samuel Gates, 



Adjutant. 

Captain. 

Lieut. 

Sergeant. 



Corporal. 

Private. 



ennington, under command of Lieut. Col. 
icr (jeneral Warner, .'\ug. 28, 1777. 

Jacob Works, Private. 

nchas Gleason, " 

John Goodwin " 

Stejihen (lates, " 

James Gates, " 

Joseph Gleason, " 

Peter Jcnnison, " 

Daniel Jennison, " 

Daniel Heywood, " 

Samuel Hemmcnway, " 
Joel Howe, 

Daniel Harris, ■ " 

Silas Harrington, " 

Joshua Harrington, " 

Jacob Holmes, Jr., " 
Peter Hardy. 

Edward Knight, " 

Hugo Kelso, " 

John Moore, " 

Samuel McCracken, " 
William McFarland, 

Thomas Nichols, " 
John Noyes, 

Josiah Perry. " 
Jona. Phillips, 

Josiah Phillips, " 
Nathan Patch. 

Lemuel Rice, " 

David Richards, " 

Josiah Rice. " 
Robert Smith. 

William Snow, Jr., " 

John Taylor, " 

Joseph Thorp, " 

Samuel Wiley, " 

William Young, " 



NINE MONTHS MEN, 
Raised agreeably to Resolve of General Court. April 20, 1778. 

Thomas Betterly, Samuel Newton, Benjamin Flagg, 

John Warren, Reuben Rice, .'\mos Johnson. 

William Betterly, Joseph Ball, 

The above were drafted for service on the Hudson river. 

MEN FROM WORCESTER IN CONTINENTAL SERVICE IN 1778. 
Thomas Betterly, Joseph Ball, Samuel Heramenway, 



John Warren. 
William Betterly, 
Samuel Newton, 
Reuben Rice, 



Samuel Gates, 
Elisha Crosby, 
Joseph Gray, 
William Gates, 



Amos Johnson, 
Edward Swan, 
Richard Draper. 



NINE MONTHS MEN, DRAFTED IN i779- 



John Hair. 
Edward Hair, 
Thomas Gleason, 
Aaron Stone, 
Reuben Wyman, 
Dick Richards, 
Samuel Johnson, 
W.-I-36. 



Capt. Lovell's Company. 



Samuel Whitney, 
Elisha Crosby. 
Benj. Cutting, 
Jacob Nash, 
Paul Gates, 
William Mattell, 

■ 1 J- - ,r...... :-^ '•- 



Capt. Whitney's Co. 



vV'sfc'ViBftJ 



562 



HISTORY OF WORCESTER 



Benjamin Russell, 
Reuben Wilder, 
Amos Smith, 
Elisha Dunham, 
George Filmore, 



Amos Smith, 
Elisha Dunham, 
George Filmore, 
Samuel Mahan, 
Reuben Hubbard, 



LIST OF SIX MONTHS MEN, 
Raised agreeably to Resolve of June, 1780. 

Reuben Hubbard, Asa Gates, 



Samuel Mahan, 
Jacob Nash, 
Daniel Wiswall, 
Samuel Jones, 



Jacob Gurney, 
Bela Noyes, 
Jeffrey Hemmenway, 
Levi Hubbard. 



LIST OF MEN FROM WORCESTER, 1780. 
Returned Dec. 27, 1781. 



Asa Gates, 
Samuel Jones, 
Bela Noyes, 
Jacob Nash, 
Daniel Wiswall, 



Benjamin Russell, 
Jacob Gurney, 
Reuben Wyman, 
Jeffrey Hemmenvifay, 
Levi Hubbard, 



SIX MONTHS MEN FROM WORCESTER IN 1780. 

Elisha Dunham, Jacob Nash, Jacob Gurney, 

George Philmore, Daniel Wiswall, Bela Noyes, 

Reuben Hubbard, Samuel Jones, Jeffrey Hemmenway, 

Samuel Mahan, Asa Gates, Levi Hubbard. 

MEN FROM WORCESTER. 
Resolves of Dec. 2. 



Ebenezer Marsh, 




Jupiter — negro 


Elmer Jordan, 


Robert Booth, 




John Spring, 


Thomas Gleason, 


John Edmunds, 




Cato, 


Joseph Reed, 


Francis Harris, 




John Hinds, 


Joseph Dwelle, 


Israel Barrett, 




Ebenezer Fiske, Reuben Wyman, 


Benjamin Johnson, 




Abiah Warren 


Thomas Morse, 


William McConkey, 




John Gleason, 


George Filmore. 


WORCESTER MEN, FROM ARMY BOOKS, 1780. 




Eank. 


Regiment. 


Seth Patrdige, Corp. " 


Francis Savage, 


Corp. 


Col. Bigelow's. 


Rank. Regiment. 


John Knower, 


Sergt 


" 


William Bacon, Pr. Col. Bigelow's 


Richard Williams, 


Pr. 


** 


Uriah Johnson, " " 


John Lane, 


U 


«( 


Silas Whitney, 


John Bradley, 


Pr. 


i< 


Simon Glasco, " " 


Cato Dawes, 


«( 


it 


Ebenezer Whitney, " " 


John Johnson, 


ti 


(( 


Samuel Ball, " " 


John Avis, 


tt 


(f 


Robert Cook, 



MEMORANDUM FROM ARMY BOOKS IN LAND OFFICE. 

Infantry. 





Rank. 


Company. 




Regiment. 










John Annislmug, 




Capt. 


Hunt's. 


Col 


Vose's. 


Dec. 4. 1778. Dec. 31, 


1779 


James Qulgley. 




Capt. 


Oliver's. 


Col 


Graton's. 


Feb. 10, 1777. June 5. 


1779 


Pomp. Benglasesses, 


Capt. 


Oliver's. 


Col 


Graton's. 


Feb. 6. 


■ July 22. 


1777 


Thomas Wesson, 




Capt. 


Smith's. 


Col. 


Bigelow's. 


Aug. 19. 


' Dec. 31, 


1779 


Samuel Priest. 




Capt. 


Smith's. 








Oct. 1, 


• Dec. 31. 


1779 


Joseph Pierce, 


Q'rM'rS't 


Capt. 


Pierce's. 








March 19, 


■ March 31, 






John Knower. 


Sergeant. 










• 


July 14 , 


• Dec. 31. 






Uriah Johnson, 


Drummer. 










• 


July 4, 


' Dec. 31, 






Cuff Annum. 


Private. 










• 


March 25, 


• Apr. 19, 






John Bradley, 














* 


March 31, 


1 Dec._31. 






Simon Glasco, 














' 


May 23, 








John Avis. 














* 


March 31, 


i ,1 






William Bacon, 














* 


March 31, 


. It 






Cato Dawes, 














' 


March 27. 


. i< 






Samuel Ball. 














> 


May 17. 


• July 9. 






William Waters. 
















Aug. 20. 


' Dec. 31, 






Ebenezer Whitney, * 












1 


Sept. 14. 


• Dec. 31, 






Richard Draper, 














* 


Sept. 2, 


Jan. 31. 


1778 


William Cowdin 














• 


May 6, 


■ Oct. 21, 


1777 


James L,anman, 
















March 31, 


Jan. 1, 


1778 


John Johnson, 






Capt. 


Brown's. 






* 


Apr. 15. 


' Dec. 31, 


177n 


Francis Savage, 






Capt. 


Martin's. 






' 


March 10. 


• Dec. 31. 


17' 


9. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 












563 


William Miles, 


Corporal. 


Capt. 


Treadweir 


s Col. Crane's. 


June 21, 


1777. 


Dec. 31, 


1779. 


Peter Slater. 


Matross. 








April G. 








Nathan Johnson, 










April 7. 


" 


• ' 




John Hunter, 










May 7. 




*• 


•■ 


Aaron Smith , 


" 








June 12, 


*' 


" 




Daniel Johnson, 


" 








April 10. 


" 


Sept. 11. 


1777. 


John Fowle. 


" 








Jan'y 10. 




Oct. 7, 


" 


EIi:'ha Dunham, 


** 








May 31, 


" 


Dec. 31, 




Edward Swan. 


" 








May 31, 


1778. 


Oct. 21, 


1779. 


John Thompson, 


" 








April 18, 


1777. 


Oct. 31. 


" 


Riehard Barnard 


, Private. 






Col. Marshall's. 


Dec. 9, 


1779. 


Dec_. 31, 




Isaar Johns. 








" Sprout's. 


July 1, 






" 


Joseph Gamble, 






•* 


'■ Putnam's. 


April 12, 


1777. 


" 




Thomas Taylor, 






w 


" Putnam's. 


Jan. 1, 




July r>. 


1777. 


Uriah Eaton. 


Sergeant. 


Capt. 


Holden's. 


" Nixon's. 


March 1, 


" 


Dec. 31. 


1779. 


Solomon Smith , 




Capt. 


Holden's. 


" Nixon's. 


April 1, 


'• 


July 5. 


1777. 


Hliyha Gill, for 


LeiT " 


Capt. 


Brown's. 


" Jackson's. 


Jan, 10, 


1777. 


Julys, 


1777. 


Simon Crosby. 


*' 






" Sheldon's. 


Jan. I, 


1780. 


Auk. 1, 


1780. 


Lemuel Longley, 


'* 






" Lamb's Lt Art 


. Jan. 1, 


17S0. 


Mar. 16. 


1780. 



Names of Revolutionary soldiers from Worcester. 
do not appear in Mrs. Dodge's printed list: 



Whole names 



Allen, Boston, (Lincoln papers). 
Andrews, Ephraim, (Lincoln papers). 
Bigelow, David Jr., (City Hall papers). 
Bigelow, Jabes, (City Hall papers). 
Barson, Wm., (Mrs. Dodge). 
Brown, Elislia, (Mrs. Dodge). 
Boyden, James, 1758-1816. Private in 

Capt. Walter Harrington's Co., Col. 

Steam's reg. at Rutland. (See year 

book, G. A. R.). 
Chamberlain, John. 
Chamberlain, Josiah. (.See Report of 

Chamberlain Assn.). 
Campbell, James, (Lincoln papers). 
Clark, Jos. Jr. 

Croagan, Daniel, (Mrs, Dodge). 
Dow, John, 1777 for 3 years. 
David. Elisha. 

David, David, (Lincoln papers). 
Doolittle, Ephraim, (Lincoln, p. 176). 
Dwelle, Jos. Jr., (Lincoln papers). 
Fletcher, George. 
French, Cyrus, (City Hall papers). 
Fowle, Curtis, (Lincoln papers). 
Fiske, Dr. Oliver, (served before coming 

to Worcester. Lincoln, p. 259). 
Gates, Jonathan, (City Hall papers). 
Henderson, Jonathan, (Lincoln papers). 
Hill, John. 1778. 
Holmes, Philip, (Lincoln papers). 



Holbrook, Joshua, (old Mrs. Newton, a 
descendant at Tatnuck). 

Johnson, Daniel Jr. 

Jenkins, Sylvester. 

Jones, Timothy, (City Hall papers). 

Knit, (Knight), John, (Lincoln papers). 

Leland, David W., (City Hall papers). 

Maccarty, Wm. Greenough, (Quartermas- 
ter in Col. Tim. Bigelow's reg.). 

Matthews, Wm., 1779, (City Hall papers). 

Lincoln, Levi. 

McCaren, Daniel. 

Morris, Thomas, (Lincoln papers). 

Parsons, Amos, (Lincoln papers). 

Phelps, James, (Lincoln papers). 

Rice, Absalom, (City Hall papers). 

Rice, Gershom, (Soldiers and Sailors). 

Stone, Uriah, 1777, 

Stowell, Elias. 

Stowers, John, (1777), (Mrs. Dodge). 

Tracy, Thomas. 

Thurston, Abijah, (Lincoln papers). 

Tucker, Benj. of Boston Tea Party. 

Ward, Nathaniel, service at R. I., (City 
Hall papers). 

Whalen. Thomas. 

Walker, Joseph, (Lincoln papers). 

Warren, Wm., in Document in Adj. 
Gen'l's Office giving survivors of 
Bunker Hill. 

White, Nathan, (formerly of Uxbridgc). 



/ 



Fifteenth Regiment Massachusetts Line. — The roster of the Fif- 
teenth Regiment Massachusetts Line in the Continental army, com- 
manded by Col, Timothy Bigelow, is given in a pamphlet v.'ritten by 
Hon, Ellery B. Crane, of Worcester (1910). Following are the men 
credited to this town ; not all of them were residents, however: 

Adjutant Nathaniel Nazro, Jan. 1, 1777, Nov. 18, 1778; Adjutant 



564 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

John Stowers, 1778; John Johnson in Capt. Joshua Brown's Co. (also 
from Newtown). 

Capt. William Gates and the following men of his company: En- 
sign John Kennedy (later It. Nov. 26, 1779, to Dec. 31, 1780) ; 2d Sergt. 
John Knower; Drummer Uriah Johnson ; Corporal John Knower; Cuflf 
Annum, John Avis, William Bacon, Samuel Ball, William Cowdin, Rob- 
ert Cook, Cato Dawes, Richard Draper, Simon Glasco (Glasgow), Daniel 
Johnson, Ensign James Lanmon, Thomas Lanmon, John McGuire, Jo- 
seph Pierce, John Solonson, John Stowers, Richard Williams, Ebenezer 
Whitney. Among those of this company whose residences are not given 
are many other W^orcester men. 

John Cristy, David Davis, William Haynes, William Knox, Wil- 
liam Killieny, Thomas Wesson. Francis Savage in Capt. Adam Martin's 
Co. John Lane in Capt. Edmund Munro's Co. John Adams of Capt. 
Sylvanus Smith's Co. 

Worcester men at the Expedition against Quebec, 1775 : Major 
Timothy Bigelow, captured; Capt. Jonas Hubbard, killed; Sergt. Sam- 
uel Wesson, killed : Corp. Nathaniel Heywood, killed ; William Cham- 
berlain, captured; John Hall, captured, said to have joined the king's 
army ; John McGuire, captured, said to have joined the king's army ; 
Thomas Nichols, captured ; Francis Paine, captured. 

The Fifteenth Regiment was organized Jan. 1, 1777, (date of com- 
missions). Most of the companies were from Worcester county. The 
enlistments were so slow that it was not until September that a sufficient 
number was ready to start for the frontier, though six captains and their 
men were at Van Schaick's Island in August. Early in October the reg- 
iment arrived at Stillwater and took part in the engagements there. 
Under Washington the regiment wintered at Valley Forge, took part in 
the battles of Monmouth, Stony Point and Verplanck's I^oint, New Jer- 
sey, and Rhode Island. In Sejitember or October it was at Peekskill ; 
the winter of 1778 was passed in Providence; November and Decem- 
ber at the Highlands; January to June, 1780, at Robinson's Farms, where 
the regiment broke up traffic between the Tories and English army. In 
the summer of 1780 the regiment was at various points on the Hudson 
river. The regiment was at the surrender of Cornwallis. 

Just as many names of men from other towns are found credited to 
Worcester, so are many Worcester men credited to other towns. It is 
impossible to prepare, therefore, a complete list of the Worcester men in 
the Revolution. In the seventeen volumes entitled "Soldiers and Sail- 
ors of the Revolution," published in recent years by the Commonwealth, 
we have all the State archives can furnish. These volumes contain an 
alphabetical list of men mentioned in the papers preserved in the State 
House, muster rolls, pay-rolls, records of enlistments, etc. It is impossi- 
ble to determine the place of residence of many of the men mentioned in 
these rolls, though in some cases, by referring to the original paper, one 



AND ITS PEOPLE 565 

can practically decide upon a man's residence by tracing out the rec- 
ords of other men whose names are on the hst and whose homes are 
ascertainable. 

In the preparation of this chapter, various authorities have been 
given credit. Lincoln's History has been by far the most valuable 
source of information. Lovell's "History of Worcester in the Revolu- 
tion" contains much material not given by Lincoln, however. 



CHAPTER XXXII 
Shays' Rebellion 

Somehow the riotous proceedings in Massachusetts in 1786 came to 
be called a rebellion, and given undue prominence in the early histories. 
There was no rebellion ; no attempt to upset the government. The upris- 
ing was more like a modern strike, and the only definite purpose shown 
by the rioters was to close the courts, by a show of armed force. They 
declined when the test came to shed blood. They refused to fight. 
There is no evidence that Shays, whose name was attached to the rebel- 
lion, was its instigator or prominent enough to have it bear his name. 
Because Worcester was the county seat, the insurgents came thither. 
From this town they gained no accessions worth noting. Lincoln calls 
the outbreak an insurrection, but does not name it Shays' Rebellion. 

The County Conventions. — After the Revolution, all parts of the 
country suffered from poverty and from lack of public and private credit. 
The Continental currency became worthless. Litigation became intol- 
erable. In 1784 more than 2,000 suits were brought in this county, 
then having a population of less than 50,000, and a vast amount of 
property was sacrificed at execution sales. Naturally enough, many 
believed that legislation of the right sort would aiTord relief. 

The grievances that were causes of the uprising were in the main in 
existence before the end of the war, and they were for the most part due 
to the long war that had impoverished the country. Worcester sent a 
delegation to a convention in April, 1782, when twenty-six towns of the 
county were represented. This convention attributed the general dis- 
satisfaction of the people to want of confidence in the disbursement of 
public funds ; to failure on the part of public officers to settle their 
accounts; it recommended reduction in salaries of legislators and law- 
yers; the holding of probate courts in various parts of the counties; 
enlargement of the jurisdiction of justices of the peace; contribution of 
goods and supplies instead of money to support the army ; the settlement 
of accounts between the State and Congress ; and various other measures 
of reform. 

At an adjourned meeting in May, the convention further recom- 
mended that account of the public expenditures should annually be ren- 
dered in the towns ; the removal of the General Court from Boston : the 
separation of business of the Courts of Common Pleas and General Ses- 
sions. Most of these suggestions were adopted afterward by the General 
Court. Worcester added to its list of grievances in its instructions to 
the representative, Samuel Curtis, objecting to having the same man fill 
the offices of treasurer and justice of the Court of Common Pleas, as in 



568 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Middlesex county; objecting to half-pay for life for officers of the army 
deranged during reorganization. Some of the grievances were imme- 
diately remedied by the proper authorities, and the adjourned conven- 
tion in August was slimly attended and transacted in business. 

Grievances were apparently sought after, rather than patiently 
endured until remedied. It was a period of unrest and reaction. Sut- 
ton started another movement in 1784, calling a county convention sim- 
ilar to that of ITSS, and the delegates prejiared a formidable list of griev- 
ances, such as the grant to Congress of an impost for twenty-five years 
to discharge the interest on State securities ; the payment from the treas- 
ury of the cost of public festivals ; large compensation to officers of the 
Continental army ; neglect to redeem paper currenc}' ; the want of a 
circulating medium ; the impaired public credit. 

The grievances presented by these conventions bear a striking sim- 
ilarity to the party platforms of later years. Worcester voted for the 
platform of the convention, and added some more grievances in instruc- 
tions to its representative, such as, "to endeavor to procure the removal 
of the General Court from Boston to some country town, where it would 
be secure from impro])er influences; and to cause an account of the 
debts; revenues and charges of government, to be published annually." 
It may be said here that Worcester itself would have been the State 
capital had the leaders here had their way. 

Worcester did not send delegates to the convention called by Sut- 
ton two years later, and when a second request came to have the town 
represented at an adjourned meeting of the delegates from seventeen 
other towns of the county. W^orcester voted against the proposition, on 
the ground that the convention was illegal and unnecessary. But 37 
towns were represented when this convention reorganized at Leicester. 
The list of grievances presented by this body was larger than ever. In 
addition to those mentioned, they presented: abuses in the practice of 
law; exorbitant fees; the number and salaries of public officers; grants 
to the Attorney General and to Congress while the State account 
remained unpaid. 

Nothing in these conventions suggested riots or violence. The com- 
plaints made were reasonable, and the method of procedure lawful and 
sensible. Instead of presenting grievance in a platform on which some 
candidate was running, as was done later by political parties, they gave 
to representatives already elected instructions for their guidance. But 
the more radical element in these conventions afterward took part in the 
attempt to suppress the courts by force. I"he conventions were blamed 
for subsequent events. 

Capt. Adam WHieeler, of IIubbardsNin, appears to be the prime 
mover in the insurrection. On Monday n";iit in the first week of Sep- 
tember, 1786, on the eve of the fall -rssion C'f the court, he appeared at 
the head of a company of eighty nun in \\ ■■■cester and took possession 



I 



AND ITS PEOPLE 569 

4t 

of the court house. 11 is force was increased to a hundred or more in 
the morninj^. The judges of the Court of Coinnion IMeas, with the jus- 
tices of the Sessions and niemliers of the bar, attended l)y clerk and 
sheriff, moved at the usual hoin- of opening court toward the court house. 
Lincoln, from a minute knowledge of the events of the day, describes 
the scene that followed : 

On the verge of the crowd thronging the hill, a sentinel was pacing on his round, 
wlio cliallenged the ])rocession as it a|)|>r()acho(l his post. Gen. Ward sternly ordered 
the soldier, formerly a sulialtern nt' hi-, own particular regiment, to recover his lev- 
elled musket. Tlie man, awed by the voice he had been accustomed to obey, instantly 
complied, and presented his piece, in military salute, to his old commander. The Court, 
having received the honors of war, from him who was planted to oppose their advance, 
went on. The multitude, receding to the right and left, made way in sullen silence, til! 
the judicial officers reached the Court House. On the steps was stationed a fde of men 
with fi.xed bayonets : on the front, stood Captain Wheeler, with his drawn sword. 
The crier was directed to open the doors, and permitted to throw them back, display- 
ing a party of infantry with their guns levelled, as if ready to fire. Judge Ward then 
advanced, and the bayonets were turned against his breast. He demanded, repeatedly, 
who commanded the people there ; by what authority, and for what purpose, they had 
met in hostile array. Wheeler at length replied: after disclaiming the rank of leader, 
he stated, that they had come to relieve the distresses of the country, by preventing the 
sittings of courts until they could obtain redress of grievances. The Chief Justice 
answered, that he would satisfy them their complaints were without just foundation. 
He was told by Capt. Smith of Barre, that any communication he had to make must be 
reduced to writing. Judge Ward indignantly refused to do this ; he said, he 'did not 
value their bayonets : they might plunge them to his heart : but while that heart beat 
he would do his duty: when opposed to it, his life was of little consequence: if they 
would take away their bayonets and give him some position where he could be heard 
by his fellow citizens, and not by the leaders alone who had deceived and deluded thein, 
he would speak, but not otherwise.' The insurgent officers, fearful of the effect of his 
determined manner on the minds of their followers, interrupted. They did not come 
there, they said, to listen to long speeches, but to resist oppression : they had the power 
to compel submission: and they demanded an adjournment without day. Judge Ward 
peremptorily refused to answer any proposition, unless it was accompanied by the name 
of him by whom it was made. They then desired him to fall back: the drum was beat, 
and the guard ordered to charge. The soldiers advanced, until the points of their bay- 
onets pressed hard upon the breast of the Chief Justice, who stood as immovable as a 
statue, without stirring a limb, or yielding an inch, although the steel in the hands of 
desperate men penetrated his dress. Struck with admiration by his intrepidity, and 
shrinking from the sacrifice of life, the guns were reinoved, and Judge Ward, ascend- 
ing the steps, addressed the assembly, hi a style of clear and forcible argument, he 
examined their supposed grievances ; exposed their fallacy : exi)lained the dangerous 
tendency of their rash measures : admonished them that they were placing in peril the 
liberty accjuired by the efforts and sufferings of years, plunging the country in civil 
war, and involving themselves and their families in misery : that the measures they had 
taken must defeat their own wishes ; for the government would never yield that to 
force, which would be readily accorded to respectful representations : and warned 
them that the majesty of the laws would be vindicated, and their resistance of its pow- 
er avenged. He spoke nearly two hours, not without frequent interruption. But ad- 
monition and argument were unavailing : the insurgents declared they would maintain 
their ground until satisfaction was obtained. Judge Ward addressing himself to 



5/0 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

Wheeler, advised him to suffer the troops to disperse: 'they were waging war, which 
was treason, and its end would be,' he added, after a momentary pause, 'the gallows.' 
The judges then retired, unmolested, through armed files. Soon after, the Court was 
opened at the United States Arms Tavern,' and immediately adjourned to the next day. 

Orders were despatched to the colonels in the brigade to call out their regiments, 
and march without a moment's delay, to sustain the judicial tribunals: but that right 
arm on which the government rests for defence was paralyzed: in this hour of its ut- 
most need, the militia shared in the disaffection, and the officers reported, that it was 
out of their power to muster their companies, because they generally favored those 
movements of the people directed against the highest civil institutions of the state, and 
tending to the subversion of social order. 

In the afternoon of Tuesday, a petition was presented from Athol, requesting that 
no judgments should be rendered in civil actions, except where debts would be lost by 
delay, and no trials had unless with the consent of the parties: a course correspond- 
ing with the views entertained by the court. Soon after, Capt. Smith of Barre, uncer- 
emoniously introduced himself to the judges, with his sword drawn, and offered a pa- 
per purporting to be the petition of 'the body of people now collected for their own 
good and that of the Commonwealth,' requiring an adjournment of the courts without 
day. He demanded, in a threatening manner, an answer in half an hour. Judge Ward 
with great dignity, replied, that no answer would be given, and the intruder retired. An 
interview was solicited, during the evening, by a committee, who were informed that 
the officers of government would make no promises to men in hostile array: an intima- 
tion was given that the request of the people of Athol was considered reasonable: and 
the conference terminated. A report of the result was made to the insurgents, who 
voted it was unsatisfactory, and resolved to remain until the following day. 

During the night, the Court House was guarded in martial form: sentinels were 
posted along the front of the building, and along Main street: the men not on duty, 
bivouaced in the hall of justice, or sought shelter with their friends. In the first light 
of morning, the whole force paraded on the hill, and was harangued by the leaders. In 
the forenoon, a new deputation waited on the court, with a repetition of their former 
demand, and received similar reply. The justices assured the committee, if the body 
dispersed, the people of the county would have no just cause of complaint with the 
course the court would adopt. The insurgents, reen forced with about two hundred 
from Holden and Ward, now mustered four hundred strong, half with fire arms, and 
the remainder furnished with sticks. They formed in column, and marched through 
Main street, with their music, inviting all who sought relief from oppression to join 
their ranks, but receiving no accession of recruits from our citizens, they returned to 
the Court House. Sprigs of evergreen had been distributed, and mounted as the dis- 
tinctive badge of rebellion, and a young pine tree was elevated at their post as the 
standard of revolt. 

The court at length, finding that no reliance could be placed on military support, 
and no hope entertained of being permitted to proceed with business, adjourned, con- 
tinuing all causes to the next term. Proclamation was made by the sheriff to the peo- 
ple, and a copy of the record communicated. After this, about two hundred men, with 
sticks only, paraded before the house of Mr. Allen, where the justices had retired, and 
halted nearly an hour, as if meditating some act of violence. The main body then 
marched down, and passing through the other party, whose open ranks closed after 
them, the whole moved to the common, where they displayed into line, and sent another 
committee to the court. 

The sessions, considering their deliberations controlled by the mob, deemed it ex- 
pedient to follow the example of the superior tribunal, by an adjournment to the 21st 
of November. When the insurgent adjutant presented a paper, requiring it should be 



'On the site of the Exchange Coffee House, 1836. 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



571 



without fixoil (lay, Judge Ward replied, the business was finished and could not be 
changed. 

Before night closed down, the Regulators, as they styled themselves, dispersed; 
and thus terminated the first interference of the citizens in arms with the course of 
justice. Whatever fears might have been entertained of future disastrous consequences, 
their visit brought with it no terror, and no apprehension for personal safety to their 
opposers. Both parties, indeed, seemed more inclined to hear than strike. The con- 
duct of Judge Ward was dignified and spirited, in a situation of great embarrassment. 
His own deprecation, that the sun might not shine on the day when the constitution was 
trampled on with impunity, seemed to be realized. Clouds, darkness, and storm, 
brooded over the tneeting of the insurgents, and rested on their tumultuary assemblies 
in the county at subsequent periods. 

Another county convention, held in I'axton, September 25, was 
attended by delegates representing this town. Most of the grievances 
presented there concerned the administration of the courts. Worcester 
refused to accept the report and to instrtict its representative as desired. 
But at a town meeting October 16, the town voted to send the saine dele- 
gates to the adjourned convention, at which directions were given: to 
endeavor to procure the removal of the capital to the interior; to abolish 
the Inferior Court ; for reducing the cost of litigation and expediting the 
action of courts; the immediate repeal of the supplementary grant to 
Congress ; the appropriation of revenue from imposts and excise to the 
payment of the public debt, and the withholding all supplies from Con- 
gress until the settlement of accounts between the State and the Con- 
gress. Resolutions, introduced in the convention by those who sup- 
ported the government, expressing disapproval of armed combinations 
and riotous movements, and designating the legislature as the only 
proper source of redress, were rejected ; indicating that the use of force 
may have been in the minds of a majority of the assemblage after the 
first outbreak. 

When the time approached for the Court of Sessions, in which crim- 
inal cases were heard principally, there was no indication of disorder, 
and no preparation for resistance to attack. But on November 21, the 
day for opening the court, Abraham Gale, of Princeton, with sixty men,, 
came to town ; a hundred more from Hubbardston, Shrewsbury and 
other towns came on Wednesday, the following day. This body of men 
presented a petition to the court at the United States Arms tavern ask- 
ing for an adjournment until after election of representatives. Upon 
the refusal of the request, the insurgents took possession of the ground 
about the court house. 

When the justices approached the court house, armed men opened 
ranks to allow them to pass until they reached the steps of the building, 
when their march was stayed by a triple row of bayonets. Sheriff Green- 
leaf addressed the gathering iti the name of law and order, but his appeal 
was in vain; he read the riot act; but the sheriff himself was one of the 
grievances of the insurgents, and the crowd took advantage of the occa- 



572 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

sion to express their opinion of him. The nearest approach to violence 
on this occasion was the decoration of the hats of the county officers with 
the badge of the "Regulators," a twig of pine. The court entered upon 
the records that "the court was prevented from being held by an armed 
force." 

In dealing with the first outbreak against the courts, the authorities 
proceeded cautiously and leniently and pardons were offered those who 
had participated. It was hoped that the spirit of violence would die out 
before the country was in\'olved in civil war. Even those who supported 
the government sympathized with the insurgents, while condemning the 
acts of violence. But after the second attack on the courts, measures 
were taken to punish the oilfenders and prevent further outbreaks. 

Maj. Gen. Warner was ordered to call out his division of the militia. 
There was reason to doubt the loyalty of the troops and the sheriflf 
reported that a sufficient force could not be collected, so the order was 
countermanded and other arrangements made to raise an army of suf- 
ficient strength to deal with the insurgents. But, as a precautionary 
measure, hoping to avoid a clash of arms and to gain time for assembling 
the troops, the courts were adjourned to January 2.'i at the request of the 
governor. The wisdom of this policy was shown when the time for 
opening court approached. The insurgents prepared to prevent the 
holding of court at Concord and Worcester, and gathered for the purpose 
at Shrewsbury. At this time Daniel Shays first appears for the first time 
in the county, leading a force of Hampshire county men. 

Some four hundred insurgents had gathered at Shrewsbury; but 
when they received information that Col. Hitchborn had captured Shat- 
tuck, Parker and Paige, and that a detachment of cavalry was marching 
upon them., they fled to Holden. The severity of the weather and 
lack of clothing and provisions proved a barrier to hostilities, and the 
insurgents who had not gone home after the alarm, quartered themselves 
with friends in Grafton. Shays went to Rutland, and sent messengers to 
Berkshire and Hampshire for reinforcements. 

On Sunday the insurgents who had been at Grafton came here in 
command of Abraham Gale of Princeton, Adam Wheeler of Hubbards- 
ton, Simeon Hazeltine of Hardwick, and John Williams, who was 
reported to be a deserter from the British army, and formerly a sergeant 
in the Continental Line. They took possession of the courthouse and 
posted sentinels on all the streets. This time the town rose against the 
invaders. Two full companies. 170 men, under Capt. Joel Howe, 
marched to the headquarters of the insurgents at the United States Arms 
tavern. Capt. Howe sent word to the insurgents to get out of the way, 
but his order was disregarded. Had the invaders stood their ground, 
blood would have been shed, and a rebellion started. But in the face of 
the advancing bayonets of Capt. Howe's men, the insurgents wavered, 
turned, and sought a new position of the hill. They were not prepared 



AND ITS PEOPLE 



573 



to fire upon American troops. The militia marched to the Hancock 
Arms tavern. No further fear of serious consequences was felt. Wor- 
cester alone could have suppressed the insurgents at that time. 

Court was opened at the Sun Tavern, and as requested by the gover- 
nor, adjourned to January 23. No attempt was made to disperse the 
insurgent force. Bodies of militia hastening to the defence of the gov- 
ernment were sent home. Shays came from Rutland, December G, with 
350 more men, and was escorted by 800 insurgents, then gathered here. 
Shays, mounted on a white horse, led his forces unhindered — to the 
courthouse and held a review. The men were billeted on the inhab- 
itants, but no compulsion was used ; when shelter was refused, they 
quietly sought it elsewhere. At night Shays was attended to his quar- 
ters at the house of Col. Samuel Flagg by a strong guard, preceded by 
the band of the little army. For a short time Shays and his command 
dominated the town as well as the courts. 

Committees from various adjacent towns, many of the prominent 
members of the county convention and the military leaders of the insur- 
gents held a conference December G. It was discordant. There was 
evident a lack of purpose and imwillingness to proceed to civil war. 
Finally a petition was prepared, remonstrating against the suspension of 
the writ of habeas corpus; asking for the pardon and release of the pris- 
oners ; a new act of amnesty; the adjournment of courts until the legis- 
lature met in May ; expressing their readiness to ,lay down their arms on 
compliance with these demands. In the afternoon Shays's men and part 
of Wheeler's command, to the number of 500, set out for the barracks 
in Rutland ; a hundred more retired to the north part of this town. 

Further efforts were devoted mainly to escaping punishment. Shays 
himself expressed the sentiment of the insurgents: "For God's sake, 
have matters settled peacealily ; it was against my inclinations I under- 
took this business; importunity was used which I could not withstand; 
but I heartily wish it was over." In the evening the court house was 
abandoned, and on Saturday the remainder of the force here was dis- 
missed. The companies from W'ard, Holden, Spencer, Rutland, Barre 
and Petersham, set out for home through the deep snow. Some were 
frozen to death on their way home. The sufferings of the insurgents 
while in Worcester, as well as on their homeward march, were very 
severe. They lacked money, provisions, and clothing: they were hungry, 
cold and disheartened. 

To prevent further mischief, however, an army of 4.400 men frdin 
Suffolk, Essex, Middlesex, Hampshire and Worcester was raised, and 
Gen. Benjamin Lincoln placed in command. These troops arrived in 
Worcester January 22. From this town, Capt. Joel Howe with 27 men ; 
Capt. Treadwell's artillery with 43 men ; Capt. Phinehas Jones with 19 
men; Lt. Daniel Goulding with his troop of cavalry; seven dragoons in 



574 HISTORY OF WORCESTER 

the legionary corps, and volunteers, among whom were Hon. Edward 
Bangs, Hon. Timothy Bigelow, Theophilus Wheeler, joined the force. 

The courts proceeded unmolested, and January 25 Gen. Lincoln 
started westward to disperse the insurgents at Springtield, leaving Maj. 
Gen. Warner in command at Worcester with a regiment of infantry, a 
corps of artillery, including Capt. Treadwell's company, two field-pieces 
and some of the volunteer cavalry. An excursion to New Braintree by a 
detachment from Worcester to disperse a body of insurgents resulted in a 
clash of arms. The insurgents behind stone walls fired a volley and fled. 
Jonathan Rice of Worcester was shot in the arm and head ; Dr. David 
Young was wounded in the knee. Dr. Young afterward secured a judg- 
ment of a thousand pounds against these by whom he was wounded. At 
the deserted headquarters the government forces found Samuel Flagg 
and John Stanton of Worcester, who had been seized the dav previous 
in Leicester. 

Gen. Lincoln made short work of the Sha\s command. After a 
march of thirty miles in a violent snow storm, Lincoln's command 
reached Petersham, where Shays had planned to make his last stand. 
Many of his men were frostbitten. The insurgents were taken by sur- 
prise and fled without firing a shot. They never assembled in force 
again. Some thirty Worcester men were in this forced march that ended 
the armed resistance known afterward as Shays' Rebellion. Very few 
Worcester men bore ar^ns under Shays. 

Some of the insurgents were arrested and brought to trial, but all 
were finally pardoned, or released from custody without trial. The only 
punishment known to have been inflicted was in the case of a member of 
the house of representatives, guilty of seditious words and acts, who 
was required to sit on the gallows with a rope about his neck, pay a fine 
of fifty pounds, and give bonds to keep the peace for five years. 

Daniel Shays was born in 1747, in Hopkinton ; served in the Revo- 
lution as ensign in Capt. Dickinson's company, Col. Benjamin Ruggles 
Woodbridge's regiment, and as lieutenant in ITTG in Col. \'arnum's regi- 
ment. He was engaged for a time in recruiting, and raised a company of 
which he was commissioned captain, Sept.. IT Til, dating l>ack to Jan. 
1, 1777. He was mustered out Oct. 14, ITyO, at Newark, N. J., from Col. 
Rufus Putnam's regiment. Shays was one of the officers who in 1780 
received a sword from his commanding oflicer, Gen. Lafavette. It is said 
that he sold the sword for a few dollars. When the insurrection col- 
lapsed, he retired to Vermont, having no property and little honor. His 
last days were spent at Sparta, N. Y. He died Sept. 29, 182G. He drew 
a pension on account of his service in the Revolution, and the pension 
records show that he left an aged wife, and that he lived in later years at 
least in extreme poverty. Lincoln says: 

However much the honor and integrity of Daniel Shays were questioned, his cour- 



AND ITS PEOPLE 575 

age was never disputed. He was in the Battle of Bunker Hill, at the capture of Bur- 
goyne and at storming of Stony Point; was under Lafayette and did good service in 
many bloody encounters. A severe wound received during the Revolution was hon- 
orary testimonial of intrepidity. When Shcpard and himself met at Springfield the 
former addressed him by the title of "General"; Shays instantly demanded an explana- 
tion, declaring that he claimed no rank but that of captain, and added, laying his hand 
on his sword, that if different designation was given he should consider it insult, and 
would exact immediate satisfaction on the spot. 

[Ref. : Wor. Mag. 1786-7; Independent Chronicle; Columbia Centinel; Minot's His- 
tory of the Insurrection ; Lincoln's Hist.] 



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